The five documents UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY set out English noble families in the post-conquest period who were granted no title of nobility, at least not before the late 13th century. It represents a selection of these families, chosen only because they were the ones for whom records were found in the primary sources so far consulted. The scope of this document is being expanded as further sources are studied. It should be emphasised that the reconstructions in this document do not generally include outlines from secondary sources. The objective is to expand the reconstructions based only on primary sources, to avoid perpetuating errors. The present document shows the families whose names start with the letters A to C.

William I King of England granted extensive estates to Norman barons as a reward for their part in the conquest of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom. The complexity of this task implies the swift implementation of a sophisticated bureaucracy. The resulting network of local feudal lordships not only enabled the king to assert rapid control over every part of the country but also created a network of local power bases for these influential immigrants. The grants were personal from the king and were therefore also revocable at the king's will. There are numerous examples of changes in local control which followed forfeiture imposed as punishment for various transgressions.

Few earldoms were created during the post-conquest period. However, the earls represented only a small proportion of the English nobility. The vast majority of English nobles were the numerous local feudal lords who held no formal title but whose nobility was not in doubt. This had two results. Firstly, it meant that the pool of noble marriage partners available for the earls and their immediate families was considerably extended outside their own limited family groups. The resulting exogamous pattern of marriages was reflected in the marriage policies of the English royal family which, in addition to European dynastic marriages, did not hesitate to marry into English families of the lesser nobility. Secondly, it provided opportunity for advancement to many other families besides those of the principle earls. Even if they never made the transition to earldom, many such families enjoyed great influence, as shown by frequent marriages with the first-tier nobility. A notable example is provided by the Tosny family.

Chapter 1. ALBINI (AUBIGNY)

GUILLAUME d'Aubigny, son of ---. 1056. Seigneur d'Aubigny.

m (before 1048) ---, sister of GRIMATILDA de Plessis, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified.

Guillaume & his wife had three children:

1. ROGER d'Aubigny . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. "…Rogerii de Albiniaco, filiique sui Rualoc…" are named as witnesses at the court of William I King of England in the charter dated to [1081] which records an agreement between the monks of Marmoutier and "Gaufridus Nervei filius"[1]. m AMICE, daughter of ---. Henry I King of England confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Lessay by "Roger de Albineio and Amicia his wife with the consent of their sons William and Nigel" by charter dated 1126[2]. “Wilielmus comes Sussexiæ” confirmed donations to Boxgrove Priory by his predecessors “Rogerus de Albineio, et Willelmus Pincerna…et Willielmi patris mei filii reginæ Aeliz, et Matildis matris meæ” to Boxgrove Priory by undated charter, which names “domina Avicia, uxor Rogeri de Albineio…et filiorum suorum Willielmi et Nigelli”[3]. Roger & his wife had five children:

a) RUALOC d'Aubigny (-after 1084). "…Rogerii de Albiniaco, filiique sui Rualoc…" are named as witnesses at the court of William I King of England in the charter dated to [1081] which records an agreement between the monks of Marmoutier and "Gaufridus Nervei filius"[4].

b) WILLIAM "Pincerna" d'Aubigny (-1139). Henry I King of England confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Lessay by "Roger de Albineio and Amicia his wife with the consent of their sons William and Nigel" by charter dated 1126[5]. "…Willelmo de Albineyo pincerna et Nigello de Albineyo frater suo…" witnessed the charter of Henry I King of England dated 2 Feb [1111/16] under which the king donated the manor of "Winterworda" to the archbishop of Rouen[6]. Brother of Nigel d'Aubigny, according to Orderic Vitalis he remained loyal to King Henry I during the rebellion of 1118[7]. He distinguished himself at the battle of Tinchebrai 1106[8]. He was in Norfolk during the reign of King William II. Lord of Old Buckenham, Norfolk. He was Master Butler ["Pincerna"] of the household of King Henry I. m MATILDA Bigod, daughter of ROGER le Bigod & his second wife Alice [Adelisia] de Tosny (-[1121/33]). “Willielmus de Albeneyo, pincerna Henrici regis Anglorum” donated property to Wymondham priory, assisted by “uxoris suæ Matilidis filiæ…Rogeri Bigot” by undated charter, witnessed by “filii…eiusdem Willielmi, Nigellus et Oliverus”[9]. William & his wife had five children:

i) WILLIAM d'Aubigny (after 1100-Waverley Abbey 12 Oct 1176, bur Wymondham, Norfolk). A memorandum of the foundation of Wymondham Priory records that “Willielmus de Albaneio, pincerna regis Henrici” had “unum filium Willielmum comitem Arundeliæ”[10]. He was created Earl of Arundel in [1138/39].

- EARLS of ARUNDEL.

ii) NELE [Nigel] d'Aubigny . “Willielmus de Albeneyo, pincerna Henrici regis Anglorum” donated property to Wymondham priory, assisted by “uxoris suæ Matilidis filiæ…Rogeri Bigot” by undated charter, witnessed by “filii…eiusdem Willielmi, Nigellus et Oliverus”[11].

iii) OLIVER d'Aubigny . “Willielmus de Albeneyo, pincerna Henrici regis Anglorum” donated property to Wymondham priory, assisted by “uxoris suæ Matilidis filiæ…Rogeri Bigot” by undated charter, witnessed by “filii…eiusdem Willielmi, Nigellus et Oliverus”[12].

iv) ROLAND d'Aubigny . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

v) OLIVA d'Aubigny (-bur Boxgrove Priory). “Wilielmus Cicestriæ comes” donated property “ecclesiæ de Bisintona quam Radulphus de Haia dedit ecclesiæ sanctæ Trinitatis” to Boxgrove Priory, dated the day “ipse Radulphus” was betrothed to “uxorem suam Olivam sororem…meam”, subscribed by “Radulfus filius Savari…”[13]. “Wilielmus comes Arundelli” donated property “Bessesola..[et] Winkingas” to Boxgrove Priory, for the souls of “Adelizæ reginæ…Olivæ sororis meæ, et Olyvæ filiæ meæ, et Agathæ, quæ ibi iacent”, by undated charter, witnessed by “Godfridus filius comitis”[14]. Her brother settled dower in Sussex on her[15]. m RALPH de la Haye of Halnaker, Sussex, son of ROBERT de la Haye & his wife Muriel ---.

c) NELE [Nigel] de Albini (-21 or 26 Nov 1129). Henry I King of England confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Lessay by "Roger de Albineio and Amicia his wife with the consent of their sons William and Nigel" by charter dated 1126[16]. "…Willelmo de Albineyo pincerna et Nigello de Albineyo frater suo…" witnessed the charter of Henry I King of England dated 2 Feb [1111/16] under which the king donated the manor of "Winterworda" to the archbishop of Rouen[17]. Henry I King of England granted him Montbrai, in Normandy, the forfeited lands of Robert de Mowbray Earl of Northumberland[18]. He repudiated his first wife after the death of her brother Gilbert de Laigle[19]. m firstly (after 1107, repudiated) as her second husband, MATHILDE de Laigle, former wife of ROBERT de Mowbray Earl of Northumberland, daughter of RICHER de l'Aigle & his wife Judith d´Avranches of Chester (-[after Oct 1155][20]). She is named and her parentage given by Orderic Vitalis, who also records her first marriage[21]. Her second marriage took place with the dispensation of Pope Paschal II, granted although her first husband was still living[22]. m secondly (Jun 1118) GUNDRED de Gournay, daughter of GERARD de Gournay & his wife Edith de Warenne (-after 1155). She is named as second wife of Nigel d'Aubigny by Orderic Vitalis, who also specifies that she was the sister of Hugues de Gournay[23]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Gunderede uxori Nig de Albin" in Leicestershire[24]. ”Gundreda, uxor Nigelli de Albini” donated property to the Hospital of St Leonard, York by undated charter which names “Rogero de Molbray filio suo”[25]. An undated charter notes the donation of ”Hospitale Sancti Michaelis Archangeli” to Whitby Monastery, at the request of “Dominam Gundredam uxorem Nigelli de Albini” for the soul of “Rogero de Moubray filio eorum”[26]. Nele & his second wife had one child:

i) ROGER de Mowbray (-[late 1187/1188], bur Tyre). Guillaume de Jumièges names Roger de Mowbray as son of Nigel d'Aubigny and Gundred[27].

- EARLS of NORFOLK. MOWBRAY.

d) son . m ---. One child:

i) HUMPHREY de Albini (-before 1129). Nephew of William "Pincerna", although his father's name is not known[28]. m --- de Lincoln, daughter of ALAN of Lincoln & his wife ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alan de Linc" returning for the dowry he gave to "Unfr de Albin cum filia sua" in Lincolnshire[29].

e) son . m ---. One child:

i) SAMSON de Albini . Chaplain to his uncle Nigel de Albini[30]. “Rogerus de Moubray” donated property to Newburgh Abbey, for the soul of “patris mei Nigelli et matris meæ Gundredæ…et uxoris meæ Adeliz”, by undated charter witnessed by “Samsone de Albineio”[31]. “Rogerus de Mowbray” donated property to Newburgh Abbey, with the consent of “Sampsone de Albeneio” to whom “Nigellus pater meus” had granted the property in question, by undated charter[32]. “S de Albinneio” donated property to Newburgh Abbey, for the soul of “Nigelli de Albinneio”, by undated charter which names “Rogerus filius meus”[33]. m ---. The name of Samson's wife is not known. Samson & his wife had one child:

(a) ROGER de Albini . “S de Albinneio” donated property to Newburgh Abbey, for the soul of “Nigelli de Albinneio”, by undated charter which names “Rogerus filius meus”[34].

2. NELE [Nigel] d'Aubigny of Cainhoe (-[1100]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m AMICE de Ferrers, daughter of HENRY de Ferrers & his wife Bertha ---. “Robertus comes junior de Ferariis” confirmed donations to Tutbury by “avus meus Henricus…Egenulfus patruus meus…Robertus pater meus”, naming “Nigellus de Albiniaco et Amicia filia avi mei”[35]. Nele & his wife had two children:

a) HENRY de Albini (-after 1130). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father in [1100] at Cainhoe. “Henricus de Albineio et domina Cecilia uxor eius” donated property to Sopwell monastery by undated charter[36]. He was a benefactor of Abingdon Abbey in 1107 and made a grant to Thetford attested by his sister Adelisa [37]. [38]m CECILIA de Chaources, daughter of PATRICK de Chaources [Chaworth] {Sourches-en-Maine} & his wife Mathilde de Hesdin. “Henricus de Albineio et domina Cecilia uxor eius” donated property to Sopwell monastery by undated charter[39]. “Robertus de Albeneio” founded “cellæ de Moddry” (later known as Beaulieu) by undated charter which names “Henricus de Albineio, pater huius Roberti…et mater sua Secilia…Nigellus frater suus”[40]. The Chronicle of Abingdon records that "Robertus de Albineio" confirmed the donation of "terram…in Stretona" by "pater meus Henricus", witnessed by "Cecilia matre mea, Nigello fratre meo…Willielmo filio Nigelli"[41]. Henry & his wife had three children:

i) ROBERT de Albini (-1191). He succeeded his father before [1140/46] when he gave the hermitage of Modry to St Albans[42]. The Chronicle of Abingdon records that "Robertus de Albineio" confirmed the donation of "terram…in Stretona" by "pater meus Henricus", witnessed by "Cecilia matre mea, Nigello fratre meo…Willielmo filio Nigelli"[43]. “Robertus de Albeneio” founded “cellæ de Moddry” (later known as Beaulieu) by undated charter which names “Henricus de Albineio, pater huius Roberti…et mater sua Secilia…Nigellus frater suus”[44]. m ---. The name of Robert's wife is not known. Robert & his wife had one child:

(a) ROBERT de Albini (-before 5 Nov 1226). “Robertus filius Roberti de Albineio” confirmed donations of property to Sopwell monastery by “Henricus avus meus sive Robertus pater meus” by undated charter, witnessed by “Nigello de Albineio, Willielmo fratre eius”[45]. m ---. The name of Robert's wife is not known. Robert & his wife had four children:

(1) ROBERT de Albini (-1233).

(2) JOAN de Albini . m --- de Beauchamp .

(3) ISABEL de Albini .

(4) ASCELINA de Albini . m --- de Saint-Amand .

ii) NIGEL de Albini . The Chronicle of Abingdon records that "Robertus de Albineio" confirmed the donation of "terram…in Stretona" by "pater meus Henricus", witnessed by "Cecilia matre mea, Nigello fratre meo…Willielmo filio Nigelli"[46]. “Robertus de Albeneio” founded “cellæ de Moddry” (later known as Beaulieu) by undated charter which names “Henricus de Albineio, pater huius Roberti…et mater sua Secilia…Nigellus frater suus”[47].

iii) AMICIA de Albini . “Robertus de Albineio et Cecilia mater sua” donated property to Sopwell monastery when “Amiciam puellam, sororem ipsius Roberti et Ceciliæ filiam” became a nun there, by undated charter which also names “Henricus de Albineio pater Amiciæ”[48]. A nun at Sopwell after 1140[49].

b) ADELISA de Albini . She, her husband and their son Hugh made a grant to Thetford priory, mentioned in a confirmation charter of King Henry II dated [1160], and as "Adelisa de Albeni" making another grant to Thetford so that she could be buried there. She was mentioned as sister of Henry in his grant to Thetford[50]. m RICHARD FitzOsbert, son of ---.

3. RICHARD . “Nigellus de Albeneyo” donated property to “domino Richardo fratri meo abbati de S. Albano” by undated charter dated to the reign of William I King of England[51]. Abbot of St Alban.

Chapter 2. AMUNDEVILLE

1. JOSCELIN de Amundeville (-after 1085). "…Hugo de Port, Wido Oillei, Richard de Corcei, Geoffrey Martel…Robert Malet, Ivelin de Amundivilla…Bernard de Neufmarché, Vigerius filius Ursonis, Radulfus filius Odonis, Ricuardus de Torcei, Eustachius his brother…Radulfus filius Anseredi, Rannulfus vicecomes, Rodbertus filius Ascelini" witnessed the charter dated 1085 which records the settlement between Gulbert de Alfait and the abbey of Fécamp[52].

2. JOHN de Amundeville (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Johs de Amundevilla" in Yorkshire, Northumberland for "Hectona et Hasteleia"[53].

3. --- de Amundeville . m --- Paynell, daughter of ---. Her parentage and marriage are assumed from the undated charter under which "W. de Gaunt" donated land at Besingby to Bridlington priory, witnessed by "…Jordan Painel, Hugh his brother, W. de Mundevill his nepote…"[54]. According to Domesday Descendants, she was Beatrice Paynel married to Joscelin de Amundeville (no corresponding primary source cited)[55]. [Four] children:

a) WALTER de Amundeville (-late 1166). According to Domesday Descendants, Walter was the son of Joscelin de Amundeville and Beatrice Paynel (no corresponding primary source cited)[56]. King Stephen granted land "domu Walti de Amunduulla de Chinierbi…in Chinierbi et in Osgotebi et in Ouresbi" to William Earl of Lincoln by charter dated to [1139/40], witnessed by "Ric fil Ursi…"[57]. "…Walterus de Amundauilla…" witnessed the charter dated to [1150/55] under which "Philippus de Kime" confirmed the donations by "patris mei" of the churches of Bullington and Langton by Wragby[58]. m HAWISE, daughter of --- (.before Mar 1163). Domesday Descendants records that Walter de Amundeville made a grant of rent at Kirkby to the church of Lincoln for the anniversary of the death of wife Havise in Mar 1163[59].

b) WILLIAM de Amundeville (-1168). "W. de Gaunt" donated land at Besingby to Bridlington priory by undated charter, witnessed by "…Jordan Painel, Hugh his brother, W. de Mundevill his nepote…"[60]. According to Domesday Descendants, William was the son of Joscelin de Amundeville and Beatrice Paynel (no corresponding primary source cited)[61]. m as her first husband, AGNES, daughter of --- (-after 1214). According to Domesday Descendants, Agnes, wife of William de Amundeville, answered a plea relating to her second husband Theobald Hautein in 1214 (no corresponding primary source cited)[62]. She married secondly Theobald Hautein.

c) HELIE de Amundeville (-after [1172]). According to Domesday Descendants, Helie was the son of Joscelin de Amundeville and Beatrice Paynel (no corresponding primary source cited)[63]. “Gulielmus comes Albemarliæ” founded Melsa Abbey, for the soul of “fratris mei Hingeram”, by undated charter witnessed by “…Elia de Mundevilla…”[64]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Elias de Amundeville iv milites" in Lincolnshire in [1167/68][65]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Helias de Amondeville" with one knight "in baillia de Gaureio…in servitium de Wareio"[66].

d) [--- de Amundeville . m ---. One child:]

i) JOSCELIN de Amundeville . According to Domesday Descendants, the heir of Agnes, widow of William de Amundeville, in 1214 was "Robert son of Margery, daughter of Jollan de Amundeville, a nephew of William" (no corresponding primary source cited)[67]. m ---. The name of Joscelin´s wife is not known. Joscelin & his wife had one child:

(a) MARGERY de Amundeville . According to Domesday Descendants, the heir of Agnes, widow of William de Amundeville, in 1214 was "Robert son of Margery, daughter of Jollan de Amundeville, a nephew of William" (no corresponding primary source cited)[68]. m ---.

4. RALPH de Amundeville (-[1191/92]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus de Mondeville" holding one knight´s fee from "Willelmi de Percy" in Yorkshire in 1166[69]. According to Domesday Descendants, Ralph was "a younger son of Jocelyn de Amundeville of Lincolnshire and his wife Beatrice" (no corresponding primary source cited)[70].

5. ROBERT de Amundeville (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Mondeville" holding five knights´ fees from the bishop of Durham in Yorkshire in 1166[71].

6. ROBERT de Amundeville . “Robert de Amundeuill” donated donated land “in Swyney Wethteng…which Hugh Painil and Gilbert Eniot sometime held”, to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[72]. The reference to Hugh Paynell suggests that Robert de Mundeville was descended from Hugh´s sister (and therefore of one of the brothers of Walter de Amundeville (died late 1166, see above), but the precise relationship has not yet been traced. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM de Amundeville . “William de Amundeuill son of Robert de Amundeuill” confirmed his father´s donation of land “in the territory of Scotelthorp” to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[73]. “W. de Amundeuill” granted land “in the vill of Scotelthorp” to "Agnes de Amundeuill his sister" by undated charter[74]. "…Willelmo de Amundeuilla…" witnessed the charter dated to the late 12th Century under which "Hugo de Nevilla" granted land at Lound near Bourne, Lincolnshire held by "Baldwinus de Saint Omer quam dedit comes Simon Alano fratri meo et post mortem predicti Alani michi confirmavit" to "Tome Peuerel"[75].

b) AGNES de Amundeville . “W. de Amundeuill” granted land “in the vill of Scotelthorp” to "Agnes de Amundeuill his sister" by undated charter[76]. “Matilda pincerna formerly wife of Geoffrey pincerne of Scotelthorp” granted land “in the field of Scotelthorp” to "Agnes de Amundeuill sister of Dom. William de Amundeuill" by undated charter[77]. “Matilda la Butiller of Scotelthorp in widowhood” granted land “in the field of Scotelthorp” to "Agnes de Amundeuill daughter of Robert de Amundeuill" by undated charter, witnessed by "William de Amundeuill…"[78]. Agnes later donated the same land to Bridlington priory[79].

7. WILLIAM de Amundeville (-after 1171). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Amundeville i m" in Northumberland in [1161/62][80]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Amundeville xx s" in Northumberland in [1171/72][81].

8. ROGER de Amundeville (-after [1172]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Rogerus de Amondeville" with one knight "in baillia de Tenerchebraio" and one knight in his own service[82].

9. JOHN de Amundeville (-after 1208). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Durham, dated to [1208/10]: "Johannes de Amundevill" held land in "wapentac de Sadberge"[83].

10. GEOFFREY de Amundeville (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Galfridus de Mondeville…Robertus de Mondeville" holding half of one knight´s fee "in Northamtona", and one "in Funtel", respectively, in Wiltshire in [1210/12][84].

11. ROBERT de Amundeville (-after 1211). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Galfridus de Mondeville…Robertus de Mondeville" holding half of one knight´s fee "in Northamtona", and one "in Funtel", respectively, in Wiltshire in [1210/12][85]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Mandevile" holding 14 and three parts knights´ fees in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][86]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Gloucestershire, dated to [1211/13]: "Robertus de Amuneville" held "de dono Regis Henrici in Button i militem"[87]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Robertus de Mandevill" held "Winemeresham…de baronia sua de Merswd…in hundredo de Karenton" in Somerset[88].

Chapter 3. AVENELL

1. WILLIAM Avenell . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo Auenello" in Buckinghamshire and in Bedfordshire, Warwickshire[89].

2. RANULF Avenell . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ranfi Auenelli" in Sussex[90].

3. ROBERT Avenell . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rob Auenello" in Suffolk[91].

4. RANULF Avenell . m ALICE, daughter of ---. The Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia of Ford Abbey records that “domina Alicia uxor domini Randolphi Avenell filia sua” succeeded “vicecomitissa Adelicia” in “dominio de Okehampton…et castrum Exoniæ”[92]. Ranulf & his wife had one child:

a) MATILDA Avenell (-21 Sep 1173). The Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia of Ford Abbey records that “domina Alicia uxor domini Randolphi Avenell filia sua” had “unicam filiam…Matildam” who died[93]. The Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia of Ford Abbey records that “domina Alicia uxor domini Randolphi Avenell filia sua…unicam filiam…Matildam” married “Roberto filio regis Henrici primi notho” after the death of her first husband “Roberto de Abrincis id est de Averinges”, and died “IX Kal Oct 1173”[94]. m firstly ROBERT d´Avranches, son of [WILLIAM FitzWimund d´Avranches & his wife ---] (-before 1142). m secondly (1142) ROBERT, illegitimate son of HENRY I King of England & his mistress Edith of Greystoke (-1 Jun 1172).

Two brothers:

1. WILLIAM Avenell (-after [1172]). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus Avenel i m" in Northamptonshire in [1161/62][95]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Willelmus Avenel" with five knight "Regi…de vicecomitatu de Cerenciis" and one knight "de comitatu Mortonii"[96]. "Symon Mauleuerer et Gilibertus Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram de Hungerigge in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey made by "Helene filie Symonis de Lindesie", confirmed by "Willi Auenel patris mei", by undated charter[97]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Ricardi fratris Willelmi Avenel", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][98]. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) GILBERT Avenell (-before 1194). "Symon Mauleuerer et Gilibertus Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram de Hungerigge in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey made by "Helene filie Symonis de Lindesie", confirmed by "Willi Auenel patris mei", by undated charter[99]. m AMICE, daughter of --- (-after 1194). "Amicia [uxor] Gilbti Avenel" replaced her husband in a lawsuit against "Mathm fil Odon de Eston" in 1194[100].

2. RICHARD Avenell (-after 1157). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "Engelgerius de Bohon…Ricardus Avenel…Doon Bardouf et Thomas frater eius…", by charter dated 1157[101]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Ricardi fratris Willelmi Avenel", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][102].

3. GEOFFREY Avenell (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Galfridus Avenel" held three parts of one knight´s fee from "Roberti filii Regis" in Devon[103].

4. NICHOLAS Avenell (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Walterus" held "tenementum illud Nicholaus Avenel…Scapewalle cum filia et hærede prædicti Willelmi [=Willelmus filius Reginaldi]" in Devon[104].

5. WILLIAM Avenell (-[1194]). m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) ISABEL Avenell (-1224). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Elizabet que fuit uxor Simonis Basset" held "feodum dimidii militis…de honore de Notingham"[105]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records one and a half knights´ fees escheated from "Ysabele Avenel" in "Haddone…[et] in Basselonde…[de honore] Piperelli de Notingham" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire in [1211/12][106]. m SIMON Basset, son of --- (-1205).

6. WALTER Avenell (-after 1217). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Rogerus filius Renfrey et Walterus Avenel et uxor Hugonis de Nevill" holding parts of "Gamegeya"[107].

7. ROBERT Avenell . m EVA, daughter of ---. "Laurencius Auenel filius et heres Eue quondam sponse Roberti Auenel patris mei defuncti" donated property to the church of Glasgow by undated charter[108]. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) LAWRENCE Avenell . "Laurencius Auenel filius et heres Eue quondam sponse Roberti Auenel patris mei defuncti" donated property to the church of Glasgow by undated charter[109].

Chapter 4. BARDOLF

1. HUGUES Bardolf (-after 1053). Guillaume de Poitou records that "Hugo Bardulfus" was captured in the battle at Château d´Arques, dated to 25 Oct 1053[110].

Two brothers:

1. DOON Bardolf (-after 1157). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "Engelgerius de Bohon…Ricardus Avenel…Doon Bardouf et Thomas frater eius…", by charter dated 1157[111].

2. THOMAS Bardolf (-after 1157). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "Engelgerius de Bohon…Ricardus Avenel…Doon Bardouf et Thomas frater eius…", by charter dated 1157[112].

1. DOON Bardolf (-1205). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Dohun Bardulf" paying "xliii s" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire[113]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "hæres Dodonis Bardulf" holding 25 knights´ fees in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire in [1210/12][114]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Dodo Bardolf" held property "de rege in Hamringham" in Lincolnshire[115]. m as her second husband, BEATRICE de Warenne, widow of RALPH, daughter of WILLIAM de Warenne of Wormegay, Norfolk & his first wife Beatrix de Pierrepont (-before 12 Dec 1214). She married thirdly Hubert de Burgh, who was later created Earl of Kent. Her third marriage is suggested by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 recording that "Gaufridus de Merlai" held "quoddam feodum in Illington" in Norfolk "de Huberto de Burgo per heredum Willelmi de Warenne uxorem suam", adding that Henry II King of England had granted the property to "Reginaldo de Warrenn"[116]. Doon & his wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM Bardolf of Wormegay, Norfolk and Shelford, Nottinghamshire (-1275). m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM Bardolf (-1 Dec 1289). m JULIANE de Gournay, daughter of HUGUES [VI] de Gournay of Mapledurham, Oxfordshire & his second wife Mathilde --- ([1235/39]-1295). William & his wife had one child:

(a) HUGH Bardolf ([29 Sep 1259]-Sep 1304). He was summoned to parliament in 1298 whereby he is held to have become Lord Bardolf. m (before 1282) ISABEL Aguillon, daughter of Sir ROBERT Aguillon & his first wife Joan Ferrers of the Earls of Derby (-before 28 May 1323).

- LORDS BARDOLF[117].

b) ROHESE Bardolf . m firstly as his second wife, HENRY de la Pomerai, son of HENRY de la Pomerai & his wife Rohese --- (-1207). m secondly JOHN Russell, son of ---.

2. ROBERT Bardolf (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Bardulf" held one knight fee "in Hou" in Kent[118].

3. THOMAS Bardolf (-after 1190). "…Thoma Bardulfi" subscribed the charter dated Feb 1187 under which Henry II King of England granted duty exemptions to the Cistercians of Dunes[119]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "honor Piperelli de Londonia" paying "li milites et vi pars…in diversis comitatibus", of which "in perdonis Thomæ Bardulfo, x s", in Essex, Hertfordshire[120]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus frater regis H[enrici]" gave land at "Bradewelle" in Essex to "Thomas Bardulf" who gave three parts thereof with "tres filiabus suis in maritagio…Roberto de Sancto Remigio et Willelmo Bacun et Baldewino de Tony"[121]. m ---. The name of Thomas Bardulf´s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had three children:

a) daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus frater regis H[enrici]" gave land at "Bradewelle" in Essex to "Thomas Bardulf" who gave three parts thereof with "tres filiabus suis in maritagio…Roberto de Sancto Remigio et Willelmo Bacun et Baldewino de Tony", and that [after the loss of Normandy] King John gave "partem Willelmi Bacun et partem Roberti de Sancto Remigio" to "Thomæ filio Bernardi" to whom he later gave "Aliciæ de Jarpenville" in marriage[122]. m ROBERT de Saint-Rémy, son of ---.

b) daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus frater regis H[enrici]" gave land at "Bradewelle" in Essex to "Thomas Bardulf" who gave three parts thereof with "tres filiabus suis in maritagio…Roberto de Sancto Remigio et Willelmo Bacun et Baldewino de Tony", and that [after the loss of Normandy] King John gave "partem Willelmi Bacun et partem Roberti de Sancto Remigio" to "Thomæ filio Bernardi" to whom he later gave "Aliciæ de Jarpenville" in marriage[123]. m WILLIAM Bacon, son of ---.

c) daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus frater regis H[enrici]" gave land at "Bradewelle" in Essex to "Thomas Bardulf" who gave three parts thereof with "tres filiabus suis in maritagio…Roberto de Sancto Remigio et Willelmo Bacun et Baldewino de Tony", which "Baldewinus de Thony" still held in [1210/12][124]. m BALDWIN de Tosny, son of RALPH de Tosny of Holkham, co Norfolk & his wife Ada de Chaumont ([1169]-after 1210).

4. HUGH Bardolf (-[1200]). "…Hugone Bardulfi" subscribed the charter dated to [1172/1188] under which Henry II King of England donated property to the lepers of Mont-aux-Malades[125]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Hugo Bardulf" paying "xx s de i feodo in Hou, i milites" in Kent[126]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Hugo Bardulfus" among those granted delay for payment "per brevia" in Kent[127].

5. ROBERT Bardolf (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Bardulfe" holding one knight´s fee in Kent in [1210/12][128].

6. WILLIAM Bardulf (-before 1210). m as her first husband, ---. She married secondly Ivo Taillebois. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Yvo Taylebois" holding "baroniam de Ephal[ton] cum uxore W[illelmi] Badulfi" with one knight´s fee from King John in Northumberland in [1210/12][129]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Yvo Tailleboys" holding "baroniam de Hephale cum uxore qui fuit Willelmi Bardolf quam habet de dono domini Regis Johannis" in Northumberland[130].

Chapter 5. BASKERVILLE

1. ROGER de Baskerville (-after [1123]). "…Rog de Bascuilla…" subscribed the charter dated to [1123] records that "Walt de Gloec" gave Little Hereford in fee to "Willo de Mara nepoti suo"[131].

2. ROBERT de Baskerville (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Baskerville" holding 8 knights´ fees under "Hugonis de Lascy" in Hereford[132].

3. RALPH de Baskerville (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus de Baskerville" holding one knight´s fee under "Ada de Port" in Hereford[133].

4. NESTA [de Baskerville] (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Nesta de Bascherville" holding "servientem cum lancea" from the Serjeantie in Wales[134]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Nesta de Bescharville" holding "per serjantariam i peditis in exercitu Walliæ" in [1210/12][135].

5. WALTER de Baskerville (-before Oct 1213). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Walterus de Baskerville" holding knights´ fees "Oretop in Irchenfeld" in Hereford in [1210/12][136]. m firstly ---. m [secondly] (before 4 Apr 1211) as her fourth husband, ISEULT Pantulf, widow firstly of HUGH de Montpinçon, and secondly of WALTER de Tattershall, daughter of WILLIAM Pantulf of Breedon-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire & his wife Joan de Goldington (-[1222]). She married fourthly Henry Biset, and fifthly Amaury de Saint-Amand.

6. THOMAS de Baskerville (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas de Bascherville" holding land in Shropshire in [1210/12][137].

7. AIMERY de Baskerville (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Aimerus de Bascherville" holding one half of one knight´s fee in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1210/12][138].

Chapter 6. BASSET

1. RAOUL . m ---. The name of Raoul´s wife is not known. Raoul & his wife had one child:

a) THURSTAN . His parentage is confirmed by the Chronicle of Abingdon which records that his son "Ricardus itaque Basset (filius Turstini filii Radulfi)" succeeded to his father´s lands after the death of his father[139]. m ---. The name of Turstin´s wife is not known. Turstin & his wife had [two] children:

i) RICHARD Basset (-1144). The Chronicle of Abingdon records that "Ricardus itaque Basset (filius Turstini filii Radulfi)" succeeded to his father´s lands after the death of his father[140]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ric bass" (two entries) in Nottinghamshire/Derbyshire, in Surrey/Cambridge/Huntingdonshire, and in Essex/Hertfordshire[141]. m MATILDA, daughter of GEOFFREY Ridel & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter under which Empress Matilda granted property held by "pater eius Ricardus Basset…[et] Galfridi Ridel avi sui" to "Galfrido Ridel filio Ricardi Basset", dated to [1144/46][142]. Richard & his wife had six children:

(a) RALPH Basset (-1160). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Eynsham abbey, including the donations by "Gisleberti Basset decimam de Stratona…Radulfi Basset decimam…de Estlaia" by charter dated 20 Dec [1159/61][143].

- see below.

(b) GEOFFREY Ridel (-1180). Empress Matilda granted property held by "pater eius Ricardus Basset…[et] Galfridi Ridel avi sui" to "Galfrido Ridel filio Ricardi Basset" by charter dated to [1144/46], witnessed by "…Walchelino Maminot [et] Rogero filio"[144].

- RIDEL.

(c) WILLIAM Basset of Sapcote (-after 1166). His parentage is confirmed by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which records “terra eius in Riscinton” held by “uxor que fuit Roberti de Caux et mater uxoris Radulfi filii Stephani, Cambellani domini regis, filia Ricardi Basset et soror Willelmi Basset…”[145]. "…Willo Basset…" witnessed the charter dated to [1152/67] under which the monks of Leicester abbey authorised the establishment of the church of St Mary the Less, Leicester[146]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Basset" held two knights´ fees from "comitis Hugonis" in Norfolk[147].

(d) JOHN Basset (-after [1160]). "Gaufridus Ridel" granted various properties in the counties of Leicester, Rutland and Northampton to "Johanni fratri meo" by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "…Radulfus Basset, Richardus Basset, W. Basset…Hugo Ridel…"[148].

(e) SIBYL Basset ([before 1135]-after 1185). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which records “terra eius in Riscinton” held by “uxor que fuit Roberti de Caux et mater uxoris Radulfi filii Stephani, Cambellani domini regis, filia Ricardi Basset et soror Willelmi Basset…L annorum et amplius”, adding that the land was “de baronia Radulfi filii Stephani”[149]. m ROBERT de Caux, son of --- (-before 1185). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rob de Calz cum matre sua" and "Robt de Calz & Walts fil suus" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire[150].

(f) MATILDA Basset . "Gaufridus Ridel" confirmed a grant of property to "Johanni de Stutuilla" in his fee by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "…R. filius Nicolai de Stutavilla, Thomas frater suus…"[151]. m JOHN de Stuteville, son of ---.

ii) [RALPH Basset (-after 1121). "…Radulfo Basset" witnessed the charter dated 1113 granted by Henry I King of England in favour of Thorney abbey[152]. "…Rad Basset…" subscribed the charter dated to [10 Apr/29 May] 1121 which records the arrangements for the marriage of "Miloni de Gloec" and "Sibilia filia Beorndi de Novo Mercato"[153]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus Basset" used to hold one knight´s fee from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "hæres Radulfi Basset junioris"[154]. It is possible that "Radulfus Basset" was the paternal uncle of "Radulfi Basset junioris" although no proof has been found that this is correct. Another possibility is that "Radulfus", referring to the senior Basset, was an error for "Richardus" who is recorded elsewhere as the father of "Radulfi Basset junioris" (see above).]

RALPH Basset, son of RICHARD Basset & his wife Matilda Ridel (-1160). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Eynsham abbey, including the donations by "Gisleberti Basset decimam de Stratona…Radulfi Basset decimam…de Estlaia" by charter dated 20 Dec [1159/61][155]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus Basset" used to hold one knight´s fee from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "hæres Radulfi Basset junioris"[156]. m ---. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "uxor Radulfi Bassat" held "viii carucatas de dote sua in Rakendale et in Wileis" from "Galfridi Ridel" in Northamptonshire[157].

m ALICE, daughter of ---. “Radulfus Basset” donated property to Canwell priory, for the souls of “Aliciæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum”, by undated charter, witnessed by "…Willielmo Basset…"[158].

Ralph & his wife had two children:

1. RALPH Basset (-1211). “Radulfus Basset” confirmed donations to Canwell priory by “Geua Ridel et pater meus Radulfus Basset”, by undated charter, witnessed by "…Willielmo Basset…"[159]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus filius Radulfi Baiset" held "vii carucatas et dimidiam in Dicutone" from "Galfridi Ridel" in Northamptonshire[160]. "…Thoma Basset" subscribed the charter dated to May [1175/79] under which Henry II King of England confirmed donations to the lepers of Saint-Lazare de Jerusalem[161]. m ---. Ralph & his wife had one child:

a) RALPH Basset (-[1254/61]). m ISABEL, daughter of ---. “Radulfus Basset filius Isabel” confirmed donations to Canwell priory, for the souls of “…Margaretæ uxoris meæ et hæredum meorum”, by undated charter[162]. Ralph & his wife had one child:

i) RALPH Basset (-4 Aug 1265). “Radulfus Basset filius Isabel” confirmed donations to Canwell priory, for the souls of “…Margaretæ uxoris meæ et hæredum meorum”, by undated charter[163]. m as her first husband, MARGARET de Somery, daughter of ROGER de Somery of Dudley, Worcestershire & his first wife Nicole de Albini of the Earls of Arundel (-before 18 Sep 1289). The Annales Londonienses name "filium Radulphum qui mortuus erat ante patrem suum et quatuor filias, Margaretam, Johannam, Elizabetham et Matildam, Margareta nupsit Radulpho de Basset juniori, Johanna nupsit Johanni Lestrange, Elizabetha Waltero de Souli, Matillda Henrico de Erdyntoune" as the children of "Rogeri de Someri" and his wife "Nicholaa", adding that Margaret married "Radulpho de Basset juniori"[164]. “Radulfus Basset filius Isabel” confirmed donations to Canwell priory, for the souls of “…Margaretæ uxoris meæ et hæredum meorum”, by undated charter[165]. She married secondly (before 26 Jan 1271) Ralph de Cromwell of Cromwell, Nottinghamshire and West Hallam, Derbyshire. Ralph & his wife had one child:

(a) RALPH Basset (-31 Dec 1299, bur Drayton). He was summoned to parliament in 1295, whereby he is held to have become Lord Basset. m HAWISE, daughter of ---.

- LORDS BASSET (of DRAYTON)[166].

2. NICHOLAS Basset (-before 1166). An undated charter of King Henry II confirmed donations to Elstow including that of “terræ in Oxineford” by “Nicholai Basset” and land "in Avintona" by "Richardi Basset"[167]. m ---. The name of Nicholas´s wife is not known. Nicholas & his wife had one child:

a) NICHOLAS Basset (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Nicholaus Basset, x milites, Gilbertus Basset, vii milites, Turstanus Basset, vi milites et ii partes milites…Osmundus Basset, i militem et quartam partem militis…Fulco Basset i militem" as feeholders in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[168].

3. GILBERT Basset (-after 1166). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Eynsham abbey, including the donations by "Gisleberti Basset decimam de Stratona…Radulfi Basset decimam…de Estlaia" by charter dated 20 Dec [1159/61][169]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Nicholaus Basset, x milites, Gilbertus Basset, vii milites, Turstanus Basset, vi milites et ii partes milites…Osmundus Basset, i militem et quartam partem militis…Fulco Basset i militem" as feeholders in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[170].

4. THURSTAN Basset (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Nicholaus Basset, x milites, Gilbertus Basset, vii milites, Turstanus Basset, vi milites et ii partes milites…Osmundus Basset, i militem et quartam partem militis…Fulco Basset i militem" as feeholders in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[171].

5. OSMUND Basset (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Nicholaus Basset, x milites, Gilbertus Basset, vii milites, Turstanus Basset, vi milites et ii partes milites…Osmundus Basset, i militem et quartam partem militis…Fulco Basset i militem" as feeholders in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[172].

6. FULK Basset (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Nicholaus Basset, x milites, Gilbertus Basset, vii milites, Turstanus Basset, vi milites et ii partes milites…Osmundus Basset, i militem et quartam partem militis…Fulco Basset i militem" as feeholders in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[173].

7. THOMAS Basset (-after 1171). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Thomas Basset" in Oxfordshire in [1171/72][174].

8. RICHARD Basset (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Ricardus Basset" paying "vii l x s, xv milites" in Northamptonshire[175]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records that "Ricardus Basset" paid "xv l, xv milites" in Northamptonshire[176]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Richardus Basset" holding "xv milites" in Northamptonshire, and 7 in Leicestershire, in [1210/12][177].

9. RALPH Basset (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus Basset, Ricardus Basset" holding four parts and one knight´s fee respectively from "honor comitis Leycestriæ" in Leicestershire in [1210/12][178].

10. THURSTAN Basset (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Turstanus Basset" holding one half of one knight´s fee in Bedfordshire in [1210/12][179].

1. GILBERT Basset (-after 1194). The Roll of Honour dated [1186/87] records that "Gilberto Basset…Alano Basset" held land in the honour of Walingford[180]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Gilbertus Basset" among those granted delay in payment "per brevis" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[181].

2. ALAN Basset (-after 1212). The Roll of Honour dated [1186/87] records that "Gilberto Basset…Alano Basset" held land in the honour of Walingford[182]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alanus Basset" held one knight fee "in Wokinges et Mapeldorwelle…ex dono Regis Ricardi" in Surrey, and one knight fee in Wycombe, Berkshire[183]. This entry must be redated to after 1189 if it is correct that the knight fees were granted by King Richard I. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Alanus Basset" holding "Berwike…de feodo Adæ de Port" and two knights´ fees "de honore Walingforde…in Wottone" in Wiltshire, and land "in Wokinges" in Surrey, in [1210/12][184]. m ALINE de Gai, daughter of ---. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Alanus Basset de hereditate uxoris sue ii milites" among the tenants of the honour of Wallingford[185]. Alan & his wife had one child:

a) ALINE Basset . The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Somerset and Dorset, dated 1219, which includes "Aluina que fuit uxor Drogonis de Monte Acuto…in custodia Alani Basset per regem Johannem et est maritanda" holding "Pideltun" in Dorset[186]. m firstly DREUX de Montagu, son of WILLIAM de Montagu & his wife Isabel --- (-before 1219). m secondly ([1219/24]) RICHARD Talbot of Linton, son of GILBERT Talbot of Linton & his wife --- (-before 13 Apr 1234).

3. THOMAS Basset (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas Basset" holding one knight´s fee "in Wycheforde" in Devonshire in [1210/12][187].

4. SIMON Basset (-1205). "Symon Basset" granted land in Scalford, Leicestershire to "Roberto filio Reginaldi de Acle cum filia mea Matilda in liberali maritagio", with the consent of "Johannis filii mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo et Reginaldo fratre eius Basset…"[188]. m ISABEL Avenel, daughter of WILLIAM Avenel & his wife --- (-1224). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Elizabet que fuit uxor Simonis Basset" held "feodum dimidii militis…de honore de Notingham"[189]. Simon & his wife had [four] children:

a) JOHN Basset . "Symon Basset" granted land in Scalford, Leicestershire to "Roberto filio Reginaldi de Acle cum filia mea Matilda in liberali maritagio", with the consent of "Johannis filii mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo et Reginaldo fratre eius Basset…"[190].

b) WILLIAM Basset (-1249). "Symon Basset" granted land in Scalford, Leicestershire to "Roberto filio Reginaldi de Acle cum filia mea Matilda in liberali maritagio", with the consent of "Johannis filii mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo et Reginaldo fratre eius Basset…"[191].

c) [REYNOLD Basset . "Symon Basset" granted land in Scalford, Leicestershire to "Roberto filio Reginaldi de Acle cum filia mea Matilda in liberali maritagio", with the consent of "Johannis filii mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo et Reginaldo fratre eius Basset…"[192].]

d) MATILDA Basset . "Symon Basset" granted land in Scalford, Leicestershire to "Roberto filio Reginaldi de Acle cum filia mea Matilda in liberali maritagio", with the consent of "Johannis filii mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo et Reginaldo fratre eius Basset…"[193]. m ROBERT de Acle, son of REYNOLD de Acle & his wife ---.

Chapter 7. BAYEUX

1. RICHARD de Bayeux (-after 1091). "…Rotberti de Belmont, Rodulfi de Bec, Willelmi filii Girardi, Rogerii fratris Rodulfi, Gisleberti Crispini, Rotberti filii Alvuardi, Rotberti Marmion, Rodulfi Taisson, Rotberti Herneis, Ricardi de Baiocas…" witnessed the donation of "decimam Ansfredi Villæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen by "Gernagois et Albereda uxor eius, cum filiis suis Willelmo et Rotberto" by charter dated 1091[194].

2. RANULF de Bayeux (-1154). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rann [de] Baioc" in Dorset, Northamptonshire, Suffolk and Lincolnshire[195]. "Rannulfus de Baiocis et Margareta sponsa eius" confirmed "Alano de Repinghale et heredi suo de propria uxore sua" by charter dated to [1140][196]. “Petrus de Golsa” founded Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "dominis meis Randulfo de Bajocis et uxore eius Margareta et filiis eorum Hugone et Alano", by charter dated to [1143/46], witnessed by "Acardo de Lincolnia…"[197]. "Randulfus de Baiwes et Margareta sponsa eius et Hugo heres eorum atque Willelmus frater eius" donated land in Cabourne to Newhouse abbey by charter dated to [1143/47][198]. “Randulfus de Bajocis” recorded that his wife became a nun in the foundation charter of Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, witnessed by "…Hereberto nepote meo…"[199]. m (before 1129) MARGARET de Lincoln, daughter of ALAN de Lincoln & his wife ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rann Baioc" declaring returns for "filia Alani Linc" in Lincolnshire[200]. “Petrus de Golsa” founded Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "dominis meis Randulfo de Bajocis et uxore eius Margareta et filiis eorum Hugone et Alano", by charter dated to [1143/46], witnessed by "Acardo de Lincolnia…"[201]. Her parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son “Hugo de Bajocis, filius Randolphi de Bajocis” confirmed the donations to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Randulphi patris mei et matris meæ Margaretæ", for the soul of "Alani de Lincolnia avi mei"[202]. "Randulfus de Baiwes et Margareta sponsa eius et Hugo heres eorum atque Willelmus frater eius" donated land in Cabourne to Newhouse abbey by charter dated to [1143/47][203]. “Randulfus de Bajocis” recorded that his wife became a nun in the foundation charter of Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, witnessed by "…Hereberto nepote meo…"[204]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Alanus de Lincolnia" previously held property "in Catebi et in Kaillestorp…et in Wicham…in Kaillesterna…" in Lincolnshire and that "Ranulfus de Baiocis heres Alani de Lincolnia" granted part of it to "Rogero Punchardon" whose heirs still held it[205]. Ranulf & his wife had seven children:

a) HUGH de Bayeux (-1196). “Petrus de Golsa” founded Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "dominis meis Randulfo de Bajocis et uxore eius Margareta et filiis eorum Hugone et Alano", by charter dated to [1143/46], witnessed by "Acardo de Lincolnia…"[206]. "Randulfus de Baiwes et Margareta sponsa eius et Hugo heres eorum atque Willelmus frater eius" donated land in Cabourne to Newhouse abbey by charter dated to [1143/47][207]. “Hugo de Bajocis, filius Randolphi de Bajocis” confirmed the donations to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Randulphi patris mei et matris meæ Margaretæ", for the soul of "Alani de Lincolnia avi mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Alano de Bajocis fratre meo…"[208]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, records the fees of "Hugo de Baiocis" in Lincolnshire, among which "Alanus frater meus" holding two fees[209]. m firstly GEVA, daughter of ---. m secondly as her first husband, ELEANOR, daughter of ---. She married secondly William de Tilebroc, and secondly Thomas of Beckering. Hugh & his [first/second] wife had two children:

i) MATILDA de Bayeux (-1219). m RICHARD de Sanford, son of --- (-1219).

ii) JOAN de Bayeux . Nun at Sixle.

b) ALAN de Bayeux (-after 1201). “Petrus de Golsa” founded Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "dominis meis Randulfo de Bajocis et uxore eius Margareta et filiis eorum Hugone et Alano", by charter dated to [1143/46], witnessed by "Acardo de Lincolnia…"[210]. “Hugo de Bajocis, filius Randolphi de Bajocis” confirmed the donations to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Randulphi patris mei et matris meæ Margaretæ", for the soul of "Alani de Lincolnia avi mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Alano de Bajocis fratre meo…"[211]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, records the fees of "Hugo de Baiocis" in Lincolnshire, among which "Alanus frater meus" holding two fees[212]. m JOAN, daughter of ---. Alan & his wife had one child:

i) JOHN de Lincoln (-after 1219).

c) WILLIAM de Bayeux (-after 1154). "Randulfus de Baiwes et Margareta sponsa eius et Hugo heres eorum atque Willelmus frater eius" donated land in Cabourne to Newhouse abbey by charter dated to [1143/47][213]. "Hugonem de Baiocis" granted land in Kelsterne and Thoresway, Lincolnshire to "Willelmo de Baiocis fratri meo" by charter dated to the reign of King Henry II[214].

d) ROBERT de Bayeux (-after 29 Sep 1191). m --- de Rouellé, daughter of RALPH de Rouellé & his wife ---.

e) MATILDA de Bayeux . m RICHARD de Verly, son of ---.

f) --- de Bayeux . The Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, records the fees of "Hugo de Baiocis" in Lincolnshire and his grants "in maritagio Willelmus de Ver et Gilbertus de Sancto-Laudo cum duabus sororibus meis"[215]. m WILLIAM de Ver, son of ---.

g) --- de Bayeux . The Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, records the fees of "Hugo de Baiocis" in Lincolnshire and his grants "in maritagio Willelmus de Ver et Gilbertus de Sancto-Laudo cum duabus sororibus meis"[216]. m GILBERT de Saint-Lo, son of ---.

3. [--- .] m ---. One child:

a) HERBERT . “Randulfus de Bajocis” recorded that his wife became a nun in the foundation charter of Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, witnessed by "…Hereberto nepote meo…"[217].

Chapter 8. BEAUCHAMP

A. BEAUCHAMP of WARWICKSHIRE, BEDFORDSHIRE

1. HUGH de Beauchamp ([1050/60]-[1114]). His birth date range is suggested by his absence from any charters of King William I, which indicates that he may have come of age in the latter part of the king´s reign. William II King of England confirmed to "Hugh of Beauchamp and all his barons of Bucks" that Gilbert Abbot of Westminster had proved his title to land granted by King William I, by charter dated to [1087/95][218]. "…Hugo de Beauchamp…" witnessed the undated charter under which King William II instructed Ramsey abbey to return fugitives if found[219]. "Hugh de Beauchamp, Ralph Paganel" witnessed the charter dated to [1094/1100] under which William II King of England granted a market to St Mary of Thorney[220]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the Chronicon Rameseiensis which records a donation which names "quatuor ex hominibus Simonis de Bellocampo et Mahald matris eius", dated to [1124/30][221]. A charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1124/30] names "Simonis de Bello Campo et Mahald matris eius"[222]. Hugh & his wife had two children:

a) SIMON de Beauchamp (-[1137]). "…Simone de Bello Campo…" witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Henry I King of England granted the land of Roger de Worcester to Walter de Beauchamp[223]. A charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1124/30] names "Simonis de Bello Campo et Mahald matris eius"[224]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Symon de Belcapo" in Bedfordshire[225]. Orderic Vitalis records that Bedford castle had been granted to "Rodberti de Bello Campo…frater eius", presumably referring to Simon as the same paragraph records his daughter´s marriage[226]. "…Simundus de Belecamp…" witnessed the charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1133/37] which records that "Walterus de Bolebeche…Heylenius uxor sua et Hugo filius suus" donated "terram de Waltone"[227]. m ---. The name of Simon´s wife is not known. Simon & his wife had one child:

i) daughter . Orderic Vitalis records that "Hugoni cognomento Pauperi" married "filiam Simonis de Bello Campo"[228]. m HUGH de Beaumont, son of ROBERT de Beaumont-le-Roger Comte de Meulan, Earl of Leicester & his wife Elisabeth de Vermandois [Capet] (-after 1140). A favourite of King Stephen who gave him the castle and barony of Bedford in 1138, thereby creating him Earl of Bedford. He was ejected from Bedford by his wife´s first cousins, the sons of Robert Beauchamp. He appears to have lapsed into poverty and was probably degraded from his peerage[229].

b) ROBERT de Beauchamp (-before 1130). Orderic Vitalis records that Bedford castle had been granted to "Rodberti de Bello Campo…frater eius" (the latter referring to Simon de Beauchamp)[230]. He presumably died before the 1129/30 Pipe Roll in which his son is named. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had two children:

i) MILES de Beauchamp (-after [1141/42]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Miloni de Belcampo" in Buckinghamshire[231]. The Gesta Stephani Regis records that King Stephen besieged "Milonem de Bellocampo" in the castle of Bedford, dated to [1140/42][232]. Orderic Vitalis records that "filii Rodberti de Bello Campo" held the castle of Bedford against King Stephen[233]. Empress Matilda made various grants of property by charter dated to [1141/42] witnessed by "…Milo de Belloc´…"[234].

ii) PAYN de Beauchamp (-1156). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Lord of Bedford. “Paganus de Bellocampo et uxor eius Rohaisa comitissa” founded Chicksand priory, for the soul of “…Simonis de Bellocampo…”, by undated charter dated to [1150][235]. “Ricardus de Bellocampo” donated "ecclesiam de Lamerseia" to Colne Priory, Essex, with the consent of "Adelinæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter, witnessed by "Pagano de Bellocampo, Stephano et Waltero de Bellocampo"[236]. “Paganum et comitissam Roheis…sponsa mea” donated property to Thorney Monastery, by undated charter witnessed by “dominella Elena…Ivo Taillebois…”[237]. m (after 1144) as her second husband, ROHESE de Vere, widow of GEOFFREY de Mandeville Earl of Essex, daughter of AUBREY de Vere, Chamberlain of England & his wife Adelisa de Clare ([1105/10]-after 1166, bur Chicksand Priory). “G de Magnavilla et Roeisa uxor eius” donated property to Hurley Priory, Berkshire by undated charter[238]. “Paganus de Bellocampo et uxor eius Rohaisa comitissa” founded Chicksand priory, for the soul of “…Simonis de Bellocampo…”, by undated charter dated to [1150][239]. “Paganum et comitissam Roheis…sponsa mea” donated property to Thorney Monastery, by undated charter witnessed by “dominella Elena…Ivo Taillebois…”[240]. A manuscript document narrating the foundation of Newenham Priory names “Paganus de Bello-campo” as its founder, his wife “Roisia”, and their son “Simon de Bellocampo”[241]. Payn & his wife had [two] children:

(a) [HELEN . “Paganum et comitissam Roheis…sponsa mea” donated property to Thorney Monastery, by undated charter witnessed by “dominella Elena…”[242]. It is probable that "dominella Elena", as first in the list of subscribers, was closely related was the donors, possibly their daughter. If this is correct, the absence of the couple´s known son Simon suggests that Helen must have been their oldest suriviving child.]

(b) SIMON de Beauchamp (-1207). A manuscript document narrating the foundation of Newenham Priory names “Paganus de Bello-campo” as its founder, his wife “Roisia”, and their son “Simon de Bello-campo”[243]. Lord of Bedford.

- see below.

SIMON de Beauchamp, son of PAYN de Beauchamp & his wife Rohese de Vere (-1207). A manuscript document narrating the foundation of Newenham Priory names “Paganus de Bello-campo” as its founder, his wife “Roisia”, and their son “Simon de Bello-campo”[244]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Simon de Bello Campo xxxvi l et in perdonis Hugoni de Bello Campo xxxi s" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire in [1161/62][245]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Simonis de Bello Campo" in Bedfordshire[246]. A charter of King Henry II confirmed donations to Newenham Priory, including a donation by “Simon de Bello-campo”[247]. "Willelmus comes de Essex" confirmed a donation of land in Aby and South Thoresby donated by "Willelmus filius Otueli avunculus meus" to Greenfield priory, Lincolnshire by charter dated to [1166/75] witnessed by "Simone de Bello Campo…"[248]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Simon de Bello Campo xlv l xv s viii d" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire in [1171/72][249]. "…Simone de Bello Campo…" subscribed the charter dated to [1179] under which Henry II King of England confirmed a donation by "Robertus de Fay" to "comiti Willelmo de Maundevilla"[250]. "Sim d Bell Capo" and Cormeilles abbey are named in a lawsuit about "loco suo Laur" in Worcestershire in 1194[251]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Simon de Bello Campo" paying "xlv l xv s viii d" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[252].

m as her first husband, ISABELLA, daughter of ---. “Willielmus de Bellocampo, filius Simonis de Bellocampo” confirmed his father´s donations to Chicksand priory, for the souls of “patris mei Simonis…et matris meæ Isabellæ et uxoris meæ Gunnoræ et fratrum…meorum”, by undated charter[253]. She married secondly Nicholas de Kenet.

Simon & his wife had one child:

1. WILLIAM Beauchamp (-before 1247). “Willielmus de Bellocampo, filius Simonis de Bellocampo” confirmed his father´s donations to Chicksand priory, for the souls of “patris mei Simonis…et matris meæ Isabellæ et uxoris meæ Gunnoræ et fratrum…meorum”, by undated charter[254]. Lord of Bedford. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de Bello Campo" holding 45 knights´ fees in Bedfordshire in [1210/12][255]. m firstly GUNNORA, daughter of ---. “Willielmus de Bellocampo, filius Simonis de Bellocampo” confirmed his father´s donations to Chicksand priory, for the souls of “patris mei Simonis…et matris meæ Isabellæ et uxoris meæ Gunnoræ et fratrum…meorum”, by undated charter[256]. m secondly ([1220]) as her second husband, IDA de Longespee, widow of RALPH de Somery, daughter of WILLIAM Longespee Earl of Salisbury & his wife Ela Ctss of Salisbury. She married thirdly (before 1247) Walter FitzRobert of Woodham Walter, Essex. The Book of Lacock names “Isabellam de Vescy…Elam…Idam de Camyle” as the daughters of “Guillelmus Longespe ex…Ela”, adding that Ida married “Walterus filius Roberti” by whom she had “Catarinam et Loricam…velatæ…apud Lacock, Elam, quam duxit primo Guillelmus de Dodingseles, de qua genuit ---, Robertum, qui Dernogoill ---“[257]. William & his second wife had six children:

a) WILLIAM de Beauchamp (-1260 or 1262). The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Bellocampo senior” died in 1260[258]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “W[illelmus] de Bellocampo” died in 1262[259].

b) SIMON de Beauchamp . Lord of Bedford.

c) JOHN de Beauchamp .

d) MATILDA de Beauchamp (-before Apr 1273). A manuscript which recites the Mowbray ancestry records that “Rogerus”, son of “Willielmus de Molbray”, married “Matildam, filiam Willielmi de Bello-campo”[260]. m firstly ROGER de Mowbray, son of WILLIAM de Mowbray & his wife Avice --- (-[Axholme] [Nov 1266], bur [Pontefract, Friars Church]). m secondly ROGER le Strange, son of ---.

e) BEATRIX de Beauchamp . m THOMAS FitzOtes, son of ---.

f) ELA de Beauchamp (-before 10 Jan 1267). m as his first wife, BALDWIN Wake, son of HUGH Wake & his wife Joan de Stuteville ([1237/38]-before 10 Feb 1282).

1. OLIVER de Beauchamp ([1110/25]-before 1157). “Oliveri de Bello-campo” is named as father of “Hugo de Bello-campo” in an undated charter for Thorney monastery[261]. No other reference to Oliver has been found. His estimated birth date range is suggested from his son Hugh being, presumably, of age when he is named in the 1157 Pipe Roll. This range is consistent with his having been a younger brother of Payn de Beauchamp Lord of Beauchamp, son of Robert de Beauchamp, as also is his son´s holding land in Bedfordshire. The primary source which confirms that this affiliation is correct has not been found. m ---. The name of Oliver´s wife is not known. Oliver & his wife had one child:

a) HUGH de Beauchamp of Eaton Scoton, Bedfordshire (-after 1190). The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Hug. de Bellocampo" in Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire under "Nova Placita & Noue Conuentiones"[262]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "in perdonis Hugoni de Bello Campo" in Huntingdonshire in [1158/59][263]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Simon de Bello Campo xxxvi l et in perdonis Hugoni de Bello Campo xxxi s" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire in [1161/62][264]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Hugo de Bello Campo" held knights´ fees "de honore de Etone" in Buckinghamshire from "Gilbertus de Bolebec"[265]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Hugo de Bello Campo" with one knight "Regi de comitatu Mortonii…de vicecomitatu de Cerenciis"[266]. “Willielmus de Bello-campo, filius Johannis de Bello-campo” renewed a donation of property to Thorney Monastery by “Hugo de Bello-campo, filius Oliveri de Bello-campo” by undated charter[267]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Milo de Bello Campo, Hugo de Bello Campo" paying "xv s, i militem" and "xx s, ii milites", respectively, in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[268]. The fact that their names are adjacent suggests a close family relationship, maybe brothers. m PHILIPPA de Trailly, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Hugh & his wife had three children:

i) OLIVER de Beauchamp . The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that King Henry II granted "Melleburn" in Derbyshire to "Hugoni de Bello Campo" and that after the death of the latter it was held by "Hugo filius eius", but claimed by "Oliverus frater suus primogenitus"[269]. m ---. Oliver & his wife had one child:

(a) --- de Beauchamp . The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Oliverus frater suus primogenitus" settled a claim against "de Bello Campo…Hugo" by returning "Chelardeston" which Oliver granted to "Willelmo filio Gaufridi cum filia sua in maritagio"[270]. m (before 1212) WILLIAM FitzGeoffrey, son of GEOFFREY & his wife ---.

ii) HUGH de Beauchamp (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Bello Campo, Milo de Bello Campo" holding two knights´ fees and "c solidatas terræ in escambium de Meleburne", respectively, "de feodis domini Regis" in Buckinghamshire in [1210/12][271]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Bello Campo" holding two knights´ fees "in Etone" in Bedfordshire in [1210/12][272]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that King Henry II granted "Melleburn" in Derbyshire to "Hugoni de Bello Campo" and that after the death of the latter it was held by "Hugo filius eius", but claimed by "Oliverus frater suus primogenitus"[273].

iii) ALDA (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “Cokesdune maritagium eius” held by “Alda que est filia Hugonis de Bello-Campo et fuit uxor Willelmi Maubanc”, adding that she has “iv filias quarum primogenita est xvi annorum et in custodia Hugonis de Bello-Campo”[274]. m WILLIAM Maubanc, son of --- (-before 1185).

b) [MILES de Beauchamp (-after 1210). The names Miles and Payn suggest that Miles de Beauchamp was related to the preceding family but the precise relationship has not yet been confirmed. It is possible that they were brothers. The Annals of Bermondsey record that “dominus Milo de Bello Campo” donated “molendinum de Bedford” to the abbey in 1181, with the consent of “Pagani de Bello Campo heredis”[275]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Milo de Bello Campo, Hugo de Bello Campo" paying "xv s, i militem" and "xx s, ii milites", respectively, in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[276]. The fact that their names are adjacent suggests a close family relationship, maybe brothers. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Bello Campo, Milo de Bello Campo" holding two knights´ fees and "c solidatas terræ in escambium de Meleburne", respectively, "de feodis domini Regis" in Buckinghamshire in [1210/12][277]. m --- de Bidune, daughter of --- de Bidune & his wife Alice Mauduit. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that the daughters of “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit” married “…secundam Milo de Bello-campo…”[278]. Milo & his wife had [one possible child]:

i) [PAYN de Beauchamp (-after 1181). The Annals of Bermondsey record that “dominus Milo de Bello Campo” donated “molendinum de Bedford” to the abbey in 1181, with the consent of “Pagani de Bello Campo heredis”[279]. The document does not specify that Payn was Milo´s son but this appears likely.]

2. WILLIAM de Beauchamp (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de Bello Campo" holding one knight´s fee "in Sapy et Pyrie" in Hereford in [1210/12][280].

3. JOHN de Beauchamp . m ---. The name of John´s wife is not known. John & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Beauchamp . “Willielmus de Bello-campo, filius Johannis de Bello-campo” renewed a donation of property to Thorney Monastery by “Hugo de Bello-campo, filius Oliveri de Bello-campo” by undated charter[281].

1. MURIEL de Beauchamp (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Murieli de Belcapo" in Leicestershire[282].

B. BEAUCHAMP of ELMLEY, GLOUCESTERSHIRE

1. WALTER de Beauchamp of Elmley Castle, Gloucestershire (-[1130/33]). The parentage of Walter de Beauchamp has not been confirmed in any of the primary sources which have been consulted during the preparation of the present document. From a chronological point of view, he could have been the son of Hugh de Beauchamp (see Part A). However, it is not known whether Hugh was the only member of the Beauchamp family who came to England from Normandy. Henry I King of England granted a wolf-hunting licence in his forest in Worcestershire to "Waltero de Bello Campo" by charter dated to [1106/13][283]. "…Walto de Bello Campo…" subscribed the charter date [3/10] Jun 1123 under which Henry I King of England granted the lands of "Edrici fil Chetelli" to "Walto de Gloec"[284]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Walto de Belcapo" in Wiltshire (two entries) and in Gloucestershire[285]. m [EMELINE], daughter of URSE de Abîtot & his wife ---. Round states that the wife of Walter de Beauchamp was the daughter of Urse de Abitot but he does not cite the corresponding primary source which confirms that this is correct[286]. Walter & his wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM de Beauchamp (-1170, bur Worcester). Henry I King of England confirmed the inheritance by "Willelmo filio Walteri de Bello Campo, dispensario meo" of "terram totam patris sui" by charter dated to [1130/33][287]. “…Waltero de Clifford…Osberto filio Hugonis, Willielmo de Bealchamp…” witnessed the undated charter, dated to [1155], which records the donation by “Rogerus comes Herefordiæ” to Brecknock priory[288]. The 1156 Pipe Roll records "Wills. de Bellocampo" at the head of the return for Worcestershire, and the 1156 and 1157 Pipe Rolls "Wills de Bello Capo" at Trentham in Staffordshire with revenue of ₤30[289]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record that “Willelmus de Bello Campo” was captured by “Radulpho de Mandeville” in 1151[290]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, name "Willelmus de Bello Campo vii milites…Walterus de Bello Campo, dimidium militum" among those providing military service for Westminster abbey in Worcestershire, and also record the knight fee-holders under "Willelmus de Bello Campo" in Worcestershire[291]. The Annals of Worcester record the death in 1170 of “Willelmus de Bello Campo” and his burial “ad ostium capituli Wigorniæ”[292]. m BERTHA de Briouse, daughter of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife Berthe of Hereford. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. William & his wife had six children:

i) WILLIAM de Beauchamp (-1197). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. The Annals of Worcester record the death in 1197 of “Willelmus de Bello Campo”[293].

- see below.

ii) ROBERT de Beauchamp (-after 1209). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

iii) PETER de Beauchamp . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

iv) WALTER de Beauchamp . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

v) JOHN de Beauchamp . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

vi) EMMA de Beauchamp . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m RALPH de Sudeley .

b) [WALTER de Beauchamp (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, name "Willelmus de Bello Campo vii milites…Walterus de Bello Campo, dimidium militum" among those providing military service for Westminster abbey in Worcestershire[294]. No confirmation has yet been found that Walter was the brother of William de Beauchamp. However, their names are nearly adjacent in the listing, and Walter is a name used in William´s family. “Ricardus de Bellocampo” donated "ecclesiam de Lamerseia" to Colne Priory, Essex, with the consent of "Adelinæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter, witnessed by "Pagano de Bellocampo, Stephano et Waltero de Bellocampo"[295].]

c) MATILDA de Beauchamp . Her marriage and parentage are confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Robert Marmion, neveu de Guillaume de Beauchamp" made a declaration concerning a donation of property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie and the charter dated 1224 under which "Robert Marmion le jeune, fils de Mathilde de Beauchamp" donated property to the same abbey[296]. m as his first wife, ROBERT Marmion [V], son of ROBERT Marmion [IV] & his wife Elisabeth de Rethel (-after 29 Sep 1194).

2. WILLIAM Peveril [I] de Beauchamp (-[1151/57]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Peur de Belcapo" in Gloucestershire[297]. "…Willelmo de Bellocampo…" witnessed the charter dated to [1142/46] under which "M. imperatrix, Henrici regis filia et Anglorum domina et Henricus filius comitis Andegavie" confirmed the rights of "Unfrido de Buhun" in the lands he held on the death of her father[298]. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Peveril [II] de Beauchamp (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Peverel de Bello Campo…Stephanus de Bello Campo" each holding two knights´ fees from "Hamo filius Meinfelin" in Buckinghamshire[299].

WILLIAM de Beauchamp, son of WILLIAM de Beauchamp & his wife Bertha de Briouse (-1197). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Willelmus de Bello Campo" paying "lxx s de militibus, quos tenet de Rege in diversis comitatius, vii milites" in Worcestershire[300]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Willelmo de Bello Campo" paying "vii l de toto sentagio quod promisit domino Regi" in Worcestershire[301]. The Annals of Worcester record the death in 1197 of “Willelmus de Bello Campo”[302].

m JOAN, daughter of Sir THOMAS Walerie & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

William & his wife had one child:

1. WALTER de Beauchamp (-14 Apr 1236). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Walterus de Bello Campo" holding 207 knights´ fees "in Uptone, Stanes, Graftone, Ayntone, Chedeleswale, Kokesaye, Benetlega, Pancevot, Bouresdale, Costone, Dunclere" in Worcestershire in [1210/12][303]. The Annals of Worcester record the death “die Sancti Guthlaci” in 1235 of “Walterus de Bello Campo”[304]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death “XVIII Kal Mai” in 1236 of “W de Bellocampo”[305]. m (after 1212) JOAN Mortimer, daughter of ROGER Mortimer & his second wife Isabel de Ferrers. The Annals of Worcester record that “Rogerus de Mortuo Mari…filiam suam” married “Waltero de Bello Campo”[306]. Walter & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Beauchamp of Elmley, Worcestershire (-[7 Jan/21 Apr] 1268).

- EARLS of WARWICK.

1. RICHARD de Beauchamp (-after [1140]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ric de Belcapo" in Staffordshire[307]. “Ricardus de Bellocampo” donated "ecclesiam de Lamerseia" to Colne Priory, Essex, with the consent of "Adelinæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter, witnessed by "Pagano de Bellocampo, Stephano et Waltero de Bellocampo"[308]. m ADELINE, daughter of ---. “Ricardus de Bellocampo” donated "ecclesiam de Lamerseia" to Colne Priory, Essex, with the consent of "Adelinæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter, witnessed by "Pagano de Bellocampo, Stephano et Waltero de Bellocampo"[309]. Richard & his wife had four children:

a) STEPHEN de Beauchamp (-20 Nov 1184). Domesday Descendants cites a charter of Colne which names "Stephen, Anselm, Geoffrey and Robert" as sons of Richard de Beauchamp[310]. “Ricardus de Bellocampo” donated "ecclesiam de Lamerseia" to Colne Priory, Essex, with the consent of "Adelinæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter, witnessed by "Pagano de Bellocampo, Stephano et Waltero de Bellocampo"[311]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Stephanus de Bellocampo" held two knights´ fees from "Willelmus de Bello Campo" in Worcestershire[312]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Peverel de Bello Campo…Stephanus de Bello Campo" each holding two knights´ fees from "Hamo filius Meinfelin" in Buckinghamshire[313]. m firstly ---. The name of Stephen´s first wife is not known. m secondly ISOLDE de Ferrers, daughter of [ROBERT de Ferrers Earl of Derby & his wife Margaret [Peverel] (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Bernewelle…de feodo comitis” held by “Ysowda, que fuit uxor Stephani de Bello-Campo, et filia comitis de Ferrariis”, adding that she has “i filium et v filias”[314]. It is assumed that Isolde was the daughter of Robert Earl of Derby (died before 1160) but it is not impossible that she was the daughter of Robert´s father. Stephen & his first wife had two children:

i) RICHARD de Beauchamp (-before 20 Nov 1184).

ii) WALTER de Beauchamp (-before 20 Nov 1184).

Stephen & his second wife had six children (referred to, but not named, in the Rotuli de Dominabus 1185, see above):

iii) IDONEA de Beauchamp . m HENRY de Alneto .

iv) ISABEL de Beauchamp . m RICHARD de Subiri .

v) MATILDA de Beauchamp . m WILLIAM de Wascoil .

vi) ALINA de Beauchamp . m RALPH de Ardern .

vii) daughter .

viii) STEPHEN de Beauchamp ([1180]-1216). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Stephanus de Bello Campo" holding two knights´ fees "de honore Peverelli de Londonia" in Suffolk, in Essex, Hertfordshire, and "Cotes per i brachetum cum ligamine" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, [1210/12][315].

b) ANSELM de Beauchamp . Domesday Descendants cites a charter of Colne which names "Stephen, Anselm, Geoffrey and Robert" as sons of Richard de Beauchamp[316].

c) GEOFFREY de Beauchamp . Domesday Descendants cites a charter of Colne which names "Stephen, Anselm, Geoffrey and Robert" as sons of Richard de Beauchamp[317].

d) ROBERT de Beauchamp . Domesday Descendants cites a charter of Colne which names "Stephen, Anselm, Geoffrey and Robert" as sons of Richard de Beauchamp[318].

2. ROGER de Beauchamp (-after 1166). “Hugo de Montecanisio…et Stephanus filius et hæres meus” donated "ecclesiam de Edwardeston", previously donated by "pater meus Hubertus" to Abingdon, to Colne Priory, Essex by undated charter, witnessed by "comes Albricus [which dates the document to after 1142], Willielmus de Veer, Rogerus de Montecanis…Rogerus de Bellocampo, Gaufridus de Veer, novissime superveniens, Johannes Brito"[319]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Rogerus de Bello Campo" held one half of one knight´s fee from "comitis Albrici" in Essex[320].

3. ELIAS de Beauchamp (-[1226/27]). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Elias de Bello Campo" held "ii milites"[321]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Elyas de Bello Campo" holding two knights´ fees in "Fukeswrth" in Norfolk, Suffolk, and five "de baronia Walteri de Bolebeck" in Buckinghamshire, in [1210/12][322]. m CONSTANCE de Bolebec, daughter of HUGH de Bolebec of Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire & his wife ---.

4. ANDREW de Beauchamp (-after 1210). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Northamptonshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Andreas de Bello Campo" held land "de Walengi"[323]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Andreas de Bello Campo" holding one knight´s fee "de honore de Wallingforde" in Northamptonshire in [1210/12][324].

C. BEAUCHAMP FAMILIES of SOMERSET

According to the Complete Peerage, the Beauchamp family of Somerset was unrelated to the Beauchamp family of Warwickshire[325].

1. ROBERT de Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset (-after 1166). The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Rob. de Bellocapo" in Somerset[326]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Bello Campo xxxiv m xvii milites" in Somerset in [1160/61][327]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Robertus de Bello Campo" in Somerset[328]. m MURIEL, daughter of ---. Domesday Descendants cites the Life of Wulfric of Haselbury which names "Muriel" as the wife of Robert de Beauchamp of Hatch[329].

2. ROBERT de Beauchamp (-before 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hubertus de Burgo" holding 17 knights´ fees "cum hærede R. de Bello Campo" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][330]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Hubertus de Burgo" held "Stok de domino rege cum herede Roberti de Bello Campo per servicium ii militum de feodo Moretonie…hundredum de Tinterell" in Somerset[331]. It is assumed that these entries refers to Hubert de Burgh, future Earl of Kent. As Hubert at that date still appears to have been married to Beatrice de Warenne, it is assumed that he was holding these knights´ fees by virtue of the right to arrange the marriage of the heiress, not that he was married to her himself. Another problem is identifying the "R. de Beauchamp" to whom the entry refers, especially as Robert de Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset is recorded with male issue (see below). [m EMMA, daughter of --- (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Emma de Bello Campo" one third part of one knight´s fee from "honor de Kincestone" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][332]. The identity of Emma has not been ascertained. However, it is possible that she was the widow of "R. de Beauchamp" who is recorded in Dorset, Somerset (see above).] Robert & his wife had one child:

a) --- de Beauchamp . Domesday Descendants records that the daughter and heiress of Robert de Beauchamp of Hatch married "Simon de Vautort (d. 1199)" and that "her son assumed her name and succeeded as Robert [IV] de Beauchamp (d. 1251)" (no corresponding primary source cited)[333]. m SIMON de Vautort, son of --- (-1199).

3. ROBERT de Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset, son of SIMON de Vautort & his wife --- de Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset (-1251). Domesday Descendants records that the daughter and heiress of Robert de Beauchamp of Hatch married "Simon de Vautort (d. 1199)" and that "her son assumed her name and succeeded as Robert [IV] de Beauchamp (d. 1251)" (no corresponding primary source cited)[334]. m ALICE de Mohun, daughter of REYNOLD de Mohun of Dunster, Somerset & his wife Alice Briwere. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN de Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset (before 1249-Hatch 24 Oct 1283, bur Stoke under Hamden[335]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m (1273 or before) CECILE de Vivonne, daughter of GUILLAUME de Vivonne "de Fortibus" & his wife Matilda de Ferrers of the Earls of Derby (-Stoke under Hamden 10 Jan 1320[336]). Henry III King of England granted, 2 Aug 1259, "the wardship of the lands late of William de Fortibus" to "Ingram de Percy, Peter de Chauuvent and Imbert de Muntferaunt" and the marriages of the deceased´s four daughters, to Peter the marriage of "one of the remaining three as he shall choose" (10 March 1262 = Cecily)[337]. Her parentage is confirmed by the Somersetshire Pleas for 15 Jul 1269 which include a record that "Aunsell de Gurnay and his wife Sibyl" warranted "Emery de Roche Chaward, son of Emery de Roche Chaward, and Joan his wife, Sibyl, Mabel and Cecily, the daughters and heirs of William de Fortibus" relating to land in "Corfton"[338]. Her marriage is confimed by a petition to the king dated to [1281] by "Peter de St Hillare" relating to land at Corston, Somerset which names "Aunsel de Gunney, Sibyl wife of Aunsel de Gunney, Reginald father of Aunsel de Gunney, Joan wife of Reginald de Gunney, Guy de Rochicheward, Sibyl wife of Guy de Rochicheward, John de Beauchamp, Cecily wife of John de Beauchamp, Fulk de Archiake, Mabel wife of Fulk de Archiake, William de Forz"[339]. John & his wife had two children:

i) JOHN de Beauchamp (25 Jul 1274-1336 after 20 Oct). He was summoned to Parliament in 1299 whereby he is held to have become Lord Beauchamp. m JOAN, daughter of [--- Chenduit & his wife ---] (-9 Feb 1327).

- LORDS BEAUCHAMP (of Somerset)[340].

ii) ROBERT de Beauchamp (-1303).

Chapter 9. BERKELEY

A. BERKELEY

1. ROGER [I] de Berkeley (-1093). The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy narrates the church´s foundation by “Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla” and records the donation by “Rogerus de Berchelaico cum uxore sua Rissa”[341]. The Complete Peerage records that he became a monk at Gloucester 17 Jan 1091 and died in 1093 (no sources cited)[342]. m RISSA, daughter of ---. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy narrates the church´s foundation by “Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla” and records the donation by “Rogerus de Berchelaico cum uxore sua Rissa”[343]. Roger [I] & his wife had [four] children:

a) ROGER [II] de Berkeley (-Sep 1131). The Complete Peerage records that Roger [II] de Berkeley began building the castle of Berkeley in 1117 (no sources cited)[344]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "in dnio Reg…terra Rogi de Berchelai" in Gloucestershire, and a reference to the land of "Rogi de Berchelai" in Berkeley[345].

b) --- de Berkeley . His parentage is confirmed by the letter written by his son “Willielmus de Berkeley et fundator Kingswode” to Pope Innocent II recalling that Henry I King of England had granted land to "patruo nostro Rogero de Berkeley"[346]. m ---. One child:

i) WILLIAM de Berkeley (-after [1141]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records the return of "Will´s de Berchelai…de firma de Berchelai"[347]. “Willielmus de Berkeley et fundator Kingswode” wrote to Pope Innocent II recalling that Henry I King of England had granted land to "patruo nostro Rogero de Berkeley"[348]. Domesday Descendants dates the foundation to 1139 (no source cited)[349]. This is presumably based on the commentary in Dugdale´s Monasticon, which cites no corresponding primary source[350]. According to the Complete Peerage, Roger [III] de Berkeley was the son of Roger [II] de Berkeley (no sources cited)[351]. The Historia Fundationis of Kingswood priory in Wiltshire records that “Willielmus de Berkeley” donated the priory to Tintern abbey, in the early years of the reign of King Stephen[352]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Will´s de Berchelai" in [Rutland][353]. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had children:

(a) ROGER [III] de Berkeley (-after 1177). The Historia Fundationis of Kingswood priory in Wiltshire names “Rogero de Berkeleye, hærede…Willelmi de Berkeley”[354].

- see below.

c) [EUSTACHE of Nympesfield . The Complete Peerage records that Roger [II] de Berkeley was the brother of Eustache of Nympesfield, although it is not stated whether they were born from the same father (no sources cited)[355].]

d) [daughter . A charter of King Stephen dated [22 Mar/22 Dec] 1136 which confirmed the possessions of Shaftesbury Abbey refers to the donation by "Aluredum de Foxlegh" of land given "cum filia Rogerii de Berkelaio"[356]. It is likely that the document refers to a daughter of Roger [I] de Berkeley, as no record has been found of Roger [II] having had children, and as the donations recorded in the document appear to be earlier than the time of Roger [III]. m ALURED de Foxleigh, son of ---.]

ROGER [III] de Berkeley, son of WILLIAM de Berkeley & his wife --- (-after 1177). The Historia Fundationis of Kingswood priory in Wiltshire names “Rogero de Berkeleye, hærede…Willelmi de Berkeley”[357].

m ---. The name of Roger´s wife is not known.

Roger [III] & his wife had five children:

1. ROGER [IV] de Berkeley (-after 1194). “R. de Berkeley” noted the foundation of Kingswood priory by "Willielmus de Berckley" for the soul of King Henry I, and that the priory was transferred "ad Tettebiriam" with the consent of "patris mei R. de Berckley", by undated charter[358]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Rogerus de Berkelai" held one knight´s fee from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset, that "Rogerus de Berckelaio" held two from "Willielmi comitis Gloucestriæ" in Gloucestershire, and also list the knights´ fees held from "Rogerus de Berch[elai]" in Gloucestershire[359]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Rogerus de Berkeley c s" in Gloucestershire in [1167/68][360]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Rogerus de Berclay vii l x s" in Gloucestershire in [1171/72][361]. “Rogerus de Berkley…pro me ipso et uxore mea et liberis meis” donated property to Kingswood by charter dated 10 Mar 1188[362]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Rogerus de Berkelay" paying "lxxv s, vii milites et dimidium" in Gloucestershire[363]. “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum", referring to a grant by "Willielmus de Berkley" to "patri meo", by undated charter witnessed by "Roberto de Berkleya nepote meo, Philippo et Olivero fratribus meis et Willielmo filio meo…"[364]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Rogerus de Berkelay" paying "vii l x s, vii milites et dimidium" in Gloucestershire[365]. m [firstly] ---. This other marriage of Roger [IV] de Berkeley, possibly his first, is confirmed by the undated charter under which he “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum"[366]. m [secondly] as her second husband, HAWISE Paynell, widow of JOHN de Somery, daughter of RALPH Paynell of Dudley & his wife --- (-after 10 Mar 1188). “Hawys Paganella” confirmed donations to Tykford Priory by "Johannes de Sumeri vir meus" by undated charter, witnessed by “Radulfo de Sumeri filio meo”[367]. “Hawis Paynel” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “domini mei Rogeri de Berkele”, for the soul of “Gervasii Paynel fratris mei”, by undated charter[368]. “Rogerus de Berkley…pro me ipso et uxore mea et liberis meis” donated property to Kingswood by charter dated 10 Mar 1188[369]. Roger [IV] & his [first/second] wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM de Berkeley . “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum", referring to a grant by "Willielmus de Berkley" to "patri meo", by undated charter witnessed by "Roberto de Berkleya nepote meo, Philippo et Olivero fratribus meis et Willielmo filio meo…"[370].

b) ROGER [V] de Berkeley (-1220).

2. --- de Berkeley . m ---. One child:

a) ROBERT de Berkeley . “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum", referring to a grant by "Willielmus de Berkley" to "patri meo", by undated charter witnessed by "Roberto de Berkleya nepote meo, Philippo et Olivero fratribus meis et Willielmo filio meo…"[371].

3. PHILIP de Berkeley . “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum", referring to a grant by "Willielmus de Berkley" to "patri meo", by undated charter witnessed by "Roberto de Berkleya nepote meo, Philippo et Olivero fratribus meis et Willielmo filio meo…"[372].

4. OLIVER de Berkeley . “Rogerus de Berkley” donated property to the priory of Kingswood held "de Rogero patre meo", for the souls of "…uxorum mearum", referring to a grant by "Willielmus de Berkley" to "patri meo", by undated charter witnessed by "Roberto de Berkleya nepote meo, Philippo et Olivero fratribus meis et Willielmo filio meo…"[373]. Domesday Descendants cites a charter of the Earls of Gloucester according to which Oliver was the son of Roger [III] de Berkeley[374].

5. ALICE de Berkeley (-after 1190). The Complete Peerage records her parentage and marriage, adding that the manor of Slimbridge was her dowry (no corresponding source cited)[375]. m MAURICE de Berkeley, son of ROBERT FitzHarding & his wife Eva --- (-16 Jun 1190, bur Brentford church, Middlesex).

1. ROGER de Berkeley . "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Dominis Rogero de Berkeley…"[376].

B. BERKELEY (FITZHARDING)

1. ROBERT FitzHarding ([1094/96]-5 Feb 1171, bur Bristol St Augustine). The Complete Peerage states that Henri Duke of Normandy granted the honour of Berkeley to Maurice FitzHarding in [1153/54], confirmed in [1155] after his accession as King Henry II[377]. “Robertus filius Hardingi” founded the priory of St Augustine at Bristol, during the reign of King Henry II, by undated charter witnessed by "Henrico decano Moretoniæ et Mauritio fratre eius…"[378]. A charter of King Edward II recalls the foundation of Bristol St Augustine, quoting a charter of King Henry II which was witnessed by “…Roberto filio Hardingi, Henrico et Mauricio filiis eius…”, and a charter of "Robertus filius Hardingi" witnessed by "Henri. archid. Exon. Mauricio, Nicholao, Roberto fratribus eius…"[379]. Dugdale´s Monasticon records that Robert FitzHarding and his wife were buried in St Augustine´s Bristol (no corresponding source quoted)[380]. m EVA, daughter of --- (-12 Mar 1171 or 1173, bur Bristol St Augustine). Dugdale´s Monasticon records that the nunnery of St Mary at St Michael´s on the Hill in Bristol was founded by “Eva…widow to Robert Fitzharding” who became the first prioress, during the reign of King Henry II, adding that she died in 1173 and was buried next to her husband in St Augustine´s Bristol (no corresponding source quoted)[381]. The Complete Peerage states that she died 12 Mar 1170 (O.S.) (no corresponding source cited)[382]. Robert & his wife had five children:

a) MAURICE de Berkeley (-16 Jun 1190, bur Brentford church, Middlesex). “Robertus filius Hardingi” founded the priory of St Augustine at Bristol, during the reign of King Henry II, by undated charter witnessed by "Henrico decano Moretoniæ et Mauritio fratre eius…"[383]. A charter of King Edward II recalls the foundation of Bristol St Augustine, quoting a charter of King Henry II which was witnessed by “…Roberto filio Hardingi, Henrico et Mauricio filiis eius…”, and a charter of "Robertus filius Hardingi" witnessed by "Henri. archid. Exon. Mauricio, Nicholao, Roberto fratribus eius…"[384]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Mauricius de Berkelay c s, Nicholaus frater eius" in Gloucestershire in [1186/87][385]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Mauricius de Berkelay" paying "l s, v milites" in Gloucestershire[386]. m ([1153/54]) ALICE de Berkeley, daughter of ROGER [III] de Berkeley & his wife ---. The Complete Peerage records her parentage and marriage, adding that the manor of Slimbridge was her dowry (no corresponding source cited)[387]. Maurice & his wife had children:

i) ROBERT de Berkeley ([1164/65]-13 May 1220, bur Bristol St Augustine). m firstly (before 11 Jun 1200) JULIANE de Pont de l´Arche, daughter of ROBERT de Pont de l´Arche & his wife Matilda Marshal of the Earls of Pembroke (-15 Nov 1217, bur Bristol St Augustine). m secondly (1218) as her first husband, LUCY, daughter of --- (-18 Jan 1234, bur Bristol St Augustine). She married secondly as his first wife, Hugues [VI] de Gournay of Mapledurham, Oxfordshire.

ii) THOMAS de Berkeley ([1170]-29 Nov 1243, bur Bristol St Augustine).

- see below.

b) HENRY de Berkeley . “Robertus filius Hardingi” founded the priory of St Augustine at Bristol, during the reign of King Henry II, by undated charter witnessed by "Henrico decano Moretoniæ et Mauritio fratre eius…"[388]. Deacon of Mortain. A charter of King Edward II recalls the foundation of Bristol St Augustine, quoting a charter of King Henry II which was witnessed by “…Roberto filio Hardingi, Henrico et Mauricio filiis eius…”, and a charter of "Robertus filius Hardingi" witnessed by "Henri. archid. Exon. Mauricio, Nicholao, Roberto fratribus eius…"[389]. Archdeacon of Exeter.

c) NICHOLAS de Berkeley (-after 1186). A charter of King Edward II recalls the foundation of Bristol St Augustine, quoting a charter of King Henry II which was witnessed by “…Roberto filio Hardingi, Henrico et Mauricio filiis eius…”, and a charter of "Robertus filius Hardingi" witnessed by "Henri. archid. Exon. Mauricio, Nicholao, Roberto fratribus eius…"[390]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Mauricius de Berkelay c s, Nicholaus frater eius" in Gloucestershire in [1186/87][391].

d) ROBERT [de Berkeley] (-after 1210). A charter of King Edward II recalls the foundation of Bristol St Augustine, quoting a charter of King Henry II which was witnessed by “…Roberto filio Hardingi, Henrico et Mauricio filiis eius…”, and a charter of "Robertus filius Hardingi" witnessed by "Henri. archid. Exon. Mauricio, Nicholao, Roberto fratribus eius…"[392]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Berkeley" holding "xxx l in Beiministre…de dominico Rege" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][393]. m AVICE de Gand, daughter of ROBERT de Gand & his first wife Alice Paynell. An undated manuscript relating to Croxton Abbey, Leicestershire names “Aviciam” as daughter of “Roberto de Ganth” and his wife Alice, adding that she married ”Roberto filio Roberti Arding de Bristow”, by whom she had “filium…Mauricium” who died childless, leaving “Andreæ Luterel per matrem suam, quæ fuit de parentelli Paynellorum” as his heir[394]. “R de Gaunt” donated property to Bridlington convent, for the souls of “comitis Gilberti…et…Adeliz uxoris mee et Aviz filie mee” by charter dated to [1156/75][395]. “Robertus de Gaunt et Aeliz Paganella uxor sua et Avicia filia eorum” donated property to the hospital of St John of Jerusalem by charter dated to [1166/77], witnessed by “…Henrico de Gaunt…”[396]. Robert & his wife had one child:

i) MAURICE . An undated manuscript relating to Croxton Abbey, Leicestershire names “Aviciam” as daughter of “Roberto de Ganth” and his wife Alice, adding that she married ”Roberto filio Roberti Arding de Bristow”, by whom she had “filium…Mauricium” who died childless, leaving “Andreæ Luterel per matrem suam, quæ fuit de parentelli Paynellorum” as his heir[397].

e) ALDEVA . Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed land in Combe, in Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire given by "Nigellus" to "uxori sue Ald[eve] filie Roberti filii Hard[ingi] in dotalicium") by charter dated to [Jun 1153/Apr 1154][398]. m NIGEL, son of ---.

2. WILLIAM de Berkeley . The parentage of William has not been ascertained. It would be chronologically consistent if he was another son of Robert de Berkeley and his wife Eva. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT de Berkeley (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus filius Willelmi de Berkelega" holding one knight´s fee "in Eldresfeud" in Worcestershire in [1210/12][399].

THOMAS de Berkeley, son of MAURICE de Berkeley & his wife Alice de Berkeley ([1170]-29 Nov 1243, bur Bristol St Augustine).

m JOAN de Somery, daughter of RALPH de Somery of Dudley, Worcestershire & his wife Margaret Marshal (-after 1273).

Thomas & his wife had children:

1. MAURICE de Berkeley (1218-4 Apr 1281, bur Bristol St Augustine). m (before 12 Jul 1247) ISABEL, daughter of ROBERT FitzRoy & his wife Rohese de Dover (-7 Jul [1276/77], bur Abbey of St Augustine, Bristol). King Henry III granted her certain manors 10 Aug 1264 "out of compassion for the poverty of his niece"[400]. Maurice & his wife had two children:

a) MAURICE de Berkeley (-Kenilworth 1279). He was killed in a tournament[401].

b) THOMAS de Berkeley (Berkeley 1245-Berkeley 23 Jul 1321). He was summoned to parliament in 1295, whereby he is held to have become Lord Berkeley. m (1267) JOAN de Ferrers, daughter of WILLIAM de Ferrers Earl of Derby & his second wife Margaret de Quincy of the Earls of Winchester (-19 Mar 1310, bur Bristol St Augustine).

- LORDS BERKELEY[402].

Chapter 10. BIDUN

1. JOHN de Bidun (-before 1184). m ALICE Mauduit, daughter of WILLIAM Mauduit & his wife Matilda de Hanslope (-after 1184). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Morcote” held by “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “iv filias”[403]. John & his wife had four children:

a) AMICE de Bidun . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that the daughters of “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit” married “primogenitam…Hugo de Clinton…”[404]. m HUGH de Clinton, son of GEOFFREY de Clinton & his wife Agnes of Warwick (-[1214/16]).

b) daughter . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that the daughters of “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit” married “…secundam Milo de Bello-campo…”[405]. m MILES de Beauchamp, son of ---.

c) daughter . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that the daughters of “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit” married “…tertiam Ricardus de Bello-campo…”[406]. m RICHARD de Beauchamp, son of ---.

d) daughter . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that the daughters of “Alizia de Bidune, soror Willelmi Mauduit” married “…quartam Gaufridus filius Gaufridi”[407]. m GEOFFREY FitzGeoffrey, son of ---.

Chapter 11. BOLEBEC

1. HUGH de Bolebec of Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire . m ---. Hugh & his wife had [two] children:

a) WALTER de Bolebec (-[1142]). "…Gualtio de Bolebec…" witnessed the charter dated to [1119/24] under which "David comes filii Malcolmi regis Scotorum" founded the monastery of Kelso[408]. "…W. de Bolebec…" witnessed the charter dated 1133 under which Henry I King of England confirmed his father´s lands to "Willo fil Udardi de Baenb"[409]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Walterus de Bolebech…et Heileunis uxor sua et Hugo filius suus", dated to [1133/35][410]. A charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1133/37] records that "Walterus de Bolebeche…Heylenius uxor sua et Hugo filius suus" donated "terram de Waltone", witnessed by "Robertus de Humfrancville et Eustachius filius Johannis et Walterus Espec et Simundus de Belecamp et Waucelinus Mamot…"[411]. "…Waltero de Bolebech…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland confirmed "ecclesiam de Lohworuara" to the church of Glasgow[412]. m firstly ELEANOR, daughter of ---. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Walterus de Bolebech…et Heileunis uxor sua et Hugo filius suus", dated to [1133/35][413]. A charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1133/37] records that "Walterus de Bolebeche…Heylenius uxor sua et Hugo filius suus" donated "terram de Waltone"[414]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Helewisa uxor Walteri de Bolebech", dated to 1134[415]. m secondly SIBYLLA, daughter of --- (-after 1142). “Walterus de Bolebek” confirmed the advocacy of the church of St. Andrew, Hedon, for the soul of "patris mei Walteri", by undated charter, witnessed by "domina mea et matre Sibilla, Hugone de Bolibek fratre meo…"[416]. Walter & his first wife had one child:

i) HUGH de Bolebec of Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire (-1165). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Walterus de Bolebech…et Heileunis uxor sua et Hugo filius suus", dated to [1133/35][417]. A charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1133/37] records that "Walterus de Bolebeche…Heylenius uxor sua et Hugo filius suus" donated "terram de Waltone"[418]. “Walterus de Bolebek” confirmed the advocacy of the church of St. Andrew, Hedon, for the soul of "patris mei Walteri", by undated charter, witnessed by "domina mea et matre Sibilla, Hugone de Bolibek fratre meo…"[419]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Hugo de Bolebech filius Walteri", dated to 1134[420]. “Hugo de Bolebock” founded Woburn abbey, Bedfordshire, recorded in a charter dated 1145, and confirmed by a charter of King John dated 3 Jan [1200/01][421]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Walteri de Bolebec" granted to him by the king "post mortem Hugonis de Bolbec fratris sui" in Buckinghamshire[422]. m ---. Hugh & his wife had three children:

(a) WALTER de Bolebec (-1190). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m ---. The name of Walter´s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

(1) ISABEL de Bolebec (-[1206/07). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m as his first wife, AUBREY de Vere Earl of Oxford, son of AUBREY [III] de Vere Earl of Oxford & his third wife Agnes de Essex ([1163 or later][423]-1214 before Oct, bur Colne Priory).

(b) ISABEL de Bolebec (-3 Feb 1245, bur Oxford, Church of the Preaching Friars). Her two marriages are confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 recording that "Robertus de Ver" held "manerium de Cliston" in Devon "de dote cum Isabella uxore sua que fuit uxor Henrici de Nunant", adding that King Henry I had first granted the manor to "Rogero de Nunant antecessori suo"[424]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. m firstly HENRY de Nonant, son of --- (-1206). m secondly ROBERT de Vere Earl of Oxford, son of AUBREY de Vere [III] Earl of Oxford & his third wife Agnes de Essex (-before 25 Oct 1221, bur Hatfield Priory).

(c) CONSTANCE de Bolebec . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ELIAS de Beauchamp, son of --- (-[1226/27]).

Walter & his second wife had one child:

ii) WALTER de Bolebec of Styford, Northumberland (-after 1166). “Walterus de Bolebek” confirmed the advocacy of the church of St. Andrew, Hedon, for the soul of "patris mei Walteri", by undated charter, witnessed by "domina mea et matre Sibilla, Hugone de Bolibek fratre meo…"[425]. "…Waltero de Bolebec…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland donated "toftam in Beruwic" to the priory of the Isle of May[426]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Walteri de Bolebec" in Northumberland[427]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Walteri de Bolebec" granted to him by the king "post mortem Hugonis de Bolbec fratris sui" in Buckinghamshire[428]. “Walterus de Bolebek” founded Blanchland abbey, Northumberland by undated charter[429]. m ---. Walter & his wife had three children:

(a) WALTER de Bolebec (-1206). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

(b) HUGH de Bolebec (-1240). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Bolebec" holding "baroniam de Morpat" with four knights´ fees in Northumberland in [1210/12][430]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Hugo de Bolbec" holding "baroniam de Stiphord" in Northumberland which had been granted by King Henry I to "antecessores sui"[431]. m CECILIA de Vescy, daughter of WILLIAM de Vescy & his wife Burga de Stuteville. An undated charter relating to Alnwick Abbey, Northumberland names ”Eustachium de Vescy, Matildam et Ceceliam” as the children of “Willielmus de Vescy senior” and his wife “sororem domini Roberti de Stutevill, domini de Cnarsburg, nomine Burgam”, adding that Cecilia married “Hugoni de Bolbek seniori, qui genuit Walterum de Bolbek, qui Hugonem juniorem, qui Feliciam matrem domini Johannis de Lancastria”[432]. The descent in this document appears garbled. From a chronological point of view, it cannot be correct that a daughter of William de Vescy married Hugh de Bolebec, assuming that the date of William´s marriage is correctly estimated as shown above. It is more likely that Cecilia´s husband was Hugh´s son Walter.

(c) daughter (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “filia Walteri de Bolebec…ix annorum…in custodia comitis Albrici” and her land “de Hwitchirche…de feodo Walteri de Bolebec” in Buckinghamshire[433].

b) [HERBERT de Bolebec (-before 1166). The parentage of Herbert is not known, but it is probable that he was a younger son of Walter de Bolbec of Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Gilbertus de Bolebec", held by "Herbertus pater meus" in the reign of King Henry I, in Buckinghamshire[434].] m ---. The name of Herbert´s wife is not known. Herbert & his wife had one child:

i) GILBERT de Bolebec (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Gilbertus de Bolebec", held by "Herbertus pater meus" in the reign of King Henry I, in Buckinghamshire[435]. m ---. The name of Gilbert´s wife is not known. Gilbert & his wife had one child:

(a) --- de Bolebec ([1162/63]-). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “filius Gilleberti de Bolebec…xviii annorum et in custodia Willelmi de Charpunville” and his land “in Eia” in Buckinghamshire[436].

2. HENRY de Bolebec (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Bolebec" held one part of one knight´s fee from "Roberti Marmiun" in Warwickshire[437].

3. RALPH de Bolebec (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus de Bolebech" held one quarter of one knight´s fee from "honoris de Wartre" in Yorkshire[438].

4. ROBERT de Bolebec (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Bolebec" holding one quarter of one knight´s fee in Yorkshire in [1210/12][439].

5. HERBERT de Bolebec (-after 1210). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Herbertus de Boleb" held "feodum unius militis"[440]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Herebertus de Bolebec" holding one knight´s fee in Buckinghamshire in [1210/12][441].

6. WILLIAM de Bolebec . m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had two children:

a) ROGER de Bolebec . A charter of King Henry III confirmed donations to Rosedale Nunnery, Yorkshire by “Rogerus de Bolebek”, confirming the donations of "Willielmus de Bolebek pater suus"[442].

b) ROHESE de Bolebec . A charter of King Henry III confirmed donations to Rosedale Nunnery, Yorkshire by “Roesia de Bolebek filia Willielmi de Bolebek"[443].

Chapter 12. BRIOUSE (BREWES)

1. --- [de Briouse] . m GUNNOR, daughter of ---. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of la Trinité de Caen, including the donation by "Gonnor matris Willelmi de Breosa" of land "in Bavent…et…in Rovres et in Cierneio et in Craissanvilla et in Quatrepuiz", by charter dated to [1180/82][444]. [Three children]:

a) GUILLAUME [I] de Briouse (-[11 Dec 1093/1095]). “…Willielmus de Brai, Bernardus de Novomercato” witnessed the charter dated to [1070] under which William King of England donated property to Battle abbey[445]. A charter dated 1073 recorded the donation by "Braiosa Willelmus" to St Nicholas of Bramber, confirmed by "Phylippo filio eius"[446]. The Chronicle of Battle Abbey records that "Willelmus cognomento de Braiosa" donated property to Battle abbey, later confirmed by "Philippus de Braiosa, coram patre suo Willelmo prædicto"[447]. "Willelmus de Braiosa" donated revenue to the church of Saints Gervaise et Protais de Briouze, for the souls of "Radulfi Waldulfi filii, Radulfique filii sui atque Gausfredi", by charter dated 30 Jan 1080[448]. “…Willielmi de Braiosa…” witnessed the charter dated 1082 under which William I King of England granted land at Covenham to the church of St Calais[449]. A charter dated to [1086] notifies a plea held by William I King of England concerning "William de Braiose" and Fécamp abbey[450]. A charted dated 11 Dec 1093 records the dedication of the church of Saint-Gervais de Briouze and the confirmation by "Guillelmus de Braiosa…et Philippi filii sui…Guillelmus…de Crenella nepos ipsius"[451]. m ---. The name of Guillaume´s wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

i) PHILIP [I] de Briouse (-[1131/39]). A charter dated 1073 recorded the donation by "Braiosa Willelmus" to St Nicholas of Bramber, confirmed by "Phylippo filio eius"[452]. Seigneur de Briouze, Normandy. Lord of Bramber, Sussex. The Chronicle of Battle Abbey records that "Willelmus cognomento de Braiosa" donated property to Battle abbey, later confirmed by "Philippus de Braiosa, coram patre suo Willelmo prædicto"[453]. A charted dated 11 Dec 1093 records the dedication of the church of Saint-Gervais de Briouze and the confirmation by "Guillelmus de Braiosa…et Philippi filii sui…Guillelmus…de Crenella nepos ipsius"[454]. "Phylippus de Braiosa" confirmed all the donations to Saint-Florent de Saumur by "pater suus Willelmus" by charter dated before 1096, witnessed by "Willelmus filius Baderonis et Paganus frater Rius…"[455]. "Philippus de Brausia" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze, by "pater eius Guillemus de Brausia", before leaving for Jerusalem, by charter dated 5 Jan [1096], with the consent of "uxor eius Aanor et Guillelmus filius suus"[456]. “Philippus de Braosa” confirmed agreement with the abbey of Fécamp by charter dated 13 Jan 1103 which names "Willielmus Philippi pater"[457]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Philippus de Brausa et Willelmus Malet et Willelmus Barnard et Helias comes Cenomanniæ” were deprived of their lands in 1110, a later passage recording that Philippe de Briouse was restored in 1112[458]. A charter dated 1121 confirmed the possessions of Lewes Priory including the donation of "…Brebra salinas…" by "Ph de Braiosa"[459]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Philippo de Braiose" in Sussex[460]. m ELEANOR, daughter of JUHEL Lord of Barnstaple & his wife --- de Piquigny. "Philippus de Brausia" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze, by "pater eius Guillemus de Brausia", by charter dated 5 Jan [1096], with the consent of "uxor eius Aanor et Guillelmus filius suus"[461]. Her parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Willielmus de Braosa” confirmed donations to Barnstaple Priory by "Johelis avi sui" by undated charter[462]. Philip & his wife had four children:

(a) WILLIAM [II] de Briouse (-[1192/93]). "Philippus de Brausia" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze, by "pater eius Guillemus de Brausia", before leaving for Jerusalem, by charter dated 5 Jan [1096], with the consent of "uxor eius Aanor et Guillelmus filius suus"[463]. He was Lord of Abergavenny and Brecon from [1173] by grant of his brother-in-law Mahel FitzMiles[464].

- see below.

(b) PHILIP [II] de Briouse (-after 1166). "Willielmus de Braiosa" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze by "Philippus de Braiosa pater eiusdem Willielmi", by undated charter, witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum"[465]. "Willelmus de Braiosa, Philippi filius" notified "filio suo" that he had donated "Armigetone mansionem" to the monks of Saint-Florent by charter dated to [1140], witnessed by "Robertus frater meus…", later confirmed by "Willelmus dominus de Braiosa filius Philippi, avi mei filii Willelmi" witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum…"[466]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Philippus de Braosa" held two knight´s fee in Hampshire from the bishop of Winchester, as well as claiming a third which was held by "Willelmus de Braosa"[467].

(c) ROGER de Briouse . “Willielmus de Braosa” confirmed donations to Abergavenny Priory by “Hamelinus de Balon et Brientius comitis filius et Walterus de Herefort et Henricus de Herefort” by undated charter, witnessed by “Rogero fratre meo…”[468].

(d) ROBERT de Briouse (-after [1140]). "Willelmus de Braiosa, Philippi filius" notified "filio suo" that he had donated "Armigetone mansionem" to the monks of Saint-Florent by charter dated to [1140], witnessed by "Robertus frater meus…"[469].

b) [daughter . The precise relationship between Guillaume de Briouse and Guillaume de Crenelle is not known but it is assumed from the document quoted below that the latter was the son of the former´s sister. m ---.] One child:

i) GUILLAUME de Crenelle (-after 11 Dec 1093). A charted dated 11 Dec 1093 records the dedication of the church of Saint-Gervais de Briouze and the confirmation by "Guillelmus de Braiosa…et Philippi filii sui…Guillelmus…de Crenella nepos ipsius"[470].

c) [daughter . The precise relationship between Guillaume de Briouse and Herbert is not known but it is assumed from the document quoted below that the latter was the son of the former´s sister. m ---.] One child:

i) HERBERT (-after 11 Dec 1093). A charter dated 18 Jun [1097/1100] records the donation of the church of Sevrai to "Rogero Carpito" to hold as his predecessor had done from "Guillelmus de Braiosa", witnessed by "Herberto nepote domni Guillelmi"[471].

The relationship between the following person and the main Briouse family has not been identified, but presumably he was closely related to Philip [I] de Briouse who is recording as acting as his pledge:

1. PAYN de Briouse (-after 1129). "…Pagano de Braiosa…" witnessed the charter dated to [1119/24] under which "David comes filii Malcolmi regis Scotorum" founded the monastery of Kelso[472]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Pagan de Braiosa" for whom "Philipp de Braisa est plaigi" in Bedfordshire[473].

WILLIAM [II] de Briouse, son of PHILIPPE de Briouse & his wife Eleanor de Barnstaple (-[1192/93]). "Philippus de Brausia" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze, by "pater eius Guillemus de Brausia", before leaving for Jerusalem, by charter dated 5 Jan [1096], with the consent of "uxor eius Aanor et Guillelmus filius suus"[474]. The date of this charter suggests a chronological difficulty with the life of William [II] de Briouse as recorded in this document: it is possible that the person recorded here as William [II] in fact represents two different persons, father and son, although the primary sources which confirm that this may be correct have not yet been identified. "Willielmus de Braiosa" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze by "Philippus de Braiosa pater eiusdem Willielmi", by undated charter, witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum"[475]. "Willelmus de Braiosa, Philippi filius" notified "filio suo" that he had donated "Armigetone mansionem" to the monks of Saint-Florent by charter dated to [1140], witnessed by "Robertus frater meus…", later confirmed by "Willelmus dominus de Braiosa filius Philippi, avi mei filii Willelmi" witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum…"[476]. A charter dated [1154] records that "Willelmus de Braiosa et Willelmus de Harecourt" donated the church of Sumtinges to the Templars[477]. This joint donation suggests a family relationship between the donors, but this has not yet been traced. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Will. de Braiosa" in Herefordshire[478]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Willelmi de Brahosa de honore de Berdestaple" in Devon[479]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Breose xxviii m" in Devonshire in [1167/68][480]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Willemus de Braiosa" with three knights "de Braiosa"[481]. He was Lord of Abergavenny and Brecon from [1173] by grant of his brother-in-law Mahel FitzMiles[482]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Breose xxviii l de honore de Berdestaple" in Devonshire in [1186/87][483]. “Willielmus de Braosa” confirmed donations to Abergavenny Priory by “Hamelinus de Balon et Brientius comitis filius et Walterus de Herefort et Henricus de Herefort” by undated charter, witnessed by “Rogero fratre meo…”[484]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Willelmus de Braosa" in Sussex[485].

m (1150 or before) BERTHE, daughter of MILES of Gloucester Earl of Hereford & his wife Sibylle de Neufmarché. The Historia fundationis cum fundatoris genealogia of the priory of Abergavenny names “Margaretam, Bertam et Luciam” as the three daughters of “Milonem” & his wife, adding that Berthe married “Philippo de Brusa domino de Duelth“ (naming their descendants) and inherited “tota terra Breconiæ, Wenciæ superioris et Gower”[486]. A manuscript narrating the history of Brecknock priory records that “Berte” married “Willame de Brewes”, and also lists her descendants[487]. "Willielmus de Braiosa" confirmed the donations to the church of Saints Gervais et Protais de Briouze by "Philippus de Braiosa pater eiusdem Willielmi", by undated charter, witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum"[488]. "Willelmus de Braiosa, Philippi filius" notified "filio suo" that he had donated "Armigetone mansionem" to the monks of Saint-Florent by charter dated to [1140], witnessed by "Robertus frater meus…", later confirmed by "Willelmus dominus de Braiosa filius Philippi, avi mei filii Willelmi" witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum…"[489].

William & his wife had [four] children:

1. WILLIAM [III] de Briouse (-Corbeil 9 Apr 1211, bur Paris, Saint-Victor). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus, Egidius et Reginaldus” as the three sons of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”, adding that William was disinherited by King John[490].

- see below.

2. GILES de Briouse (-Gloucester 13 Nov 1215, bur Hereford Cathedral). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus, Egidius et Reginaldus” as the three sons of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”, adding that Giles was Bishop of Hereford[491]. Giles de Briouse is sometimes shown in secondary sources as the son of William [III] de Briouse and his wife Mathilde. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Presumably some such source exists, but, unless it is unequivocal, the probability is that we will be left with two contradictory sources and little information on which to resolve the difference between them. One difficulty is that there are few definite indications of the chronology of this family: from what little is known, it appears that, from a chronological point of view only, the father of Giles could either have been William [II] or William [III]. Bishop of Hereford 1200. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Ægidius Herefordensis episcopus” died in 1216[492].

3. REYNOLD de Briouse . A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus, Egidius et Reginaldus” as the three sons of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”, adding that William was disinherited by King John[493]. This document suggests that Reynold, son of William [II] de Briouse, was a different person from Reynold, son of William [III] de Briouse (see below), but this hypothesis has not been confirmed by any primary source.

4. [BERTHA de Briouse . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. If her husband´s date of death is correctly recorded below, it appears more likely that Bertha was the daughter of William [II] de Briouse than William [II], but a definite judgment must be withheld until a relevant primary source comes to light. m WILLIAM de Beauchamp, son of WALTER de Beauchamp & his wife [Emeline] d´Abîtot (-1170).]

5. [SIBYL (-after 5 Feb 1228). “Willielmus comes de Ferrariis” donated property to Tutbury Priory, for the soul of “uxoris meæ Sibillæ et liberorum meorum”, by charter which names “antecessores mei…Henricus de Ferrariis et Engenulphus et Robertus avus meus et Robertus comes pater meus”[494]. “Robertus [mistake for Willielmus] comes de Ferrariis” donated property to Dore Abbey, for the souls of “Sibilla de Braosa, uxoris meæ matris W. filii mei et sua, et…Bertæ (fuit filia Milonis comitis Herefordiæ) matris uxoris meæ”, by undated charter[495]. However, the Complete Peerage states that this charter is considered to be a fabrication, and that there is no other proof of the parentage of William´s wife[496]. m firstly WILLIAM de Ferrers Earl [of Derby], son of ROBERT de Ferrers Earl [of Derby] & his wife Margaret [Peverel] (-killed in battle Acre 1190 before 21 Oct). m secondly as his second wife, ADAM de Port, son ofJOHN de Port & his wife Maud --- ([1150/55]-[26 Jun/28 Jul] 1213).]

WILLIAM [III] de Briouse, son of WILLIAM [II] de Briouse Lord of Abergavenny, Briouse, Bramber, Brecon and Over-Gwent & his wife Berthe of Hereford (-Corbeil 9 Apr 1211, bur Paris, Saint-Victor). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus, Egidius et Reginaldus” as the three sons of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”, adding that William was disinherited by King John[497]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Willelmus de Breose" among those granted delay in payment "per brevis" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[498]. "Willelmus de Braiosa, Philippi filius" notified "filio suo" that he had donated "Armigetone mansionem" to the monks of Saint-Florent by charter dated to [1140], witnessed by "Robertus frater meus…", later confirmed by "Willelmus dominus de Braiosa filius Philippi, avi mei filii Willelmi" witnessed by "Bertam conjugem meam, Philippum fratrem meum…"[499]. "Willelmus de Braosa dominus de Brechen" donated property to Flaxley Abbey, Gloucestershire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Matildis de Sancto Walerico et puerorum nostrorum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Willelmo et Philippo filiis meis"[500]. His lands were forfeited by King John in 1208[501]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Guillaumes de Brayouse" fled from King John to France[502]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Willelmus…de Brausa” fled “apud Sorham” after his wife and son were captured and died in Paris soon afterwards[503]. The Annals of Margan record the death in 1211 of “Willielmus de Breusa senior exul in Francia”[504].

m ([1170/75]) MATHILDE de Saint-Valéry, daughter of BERNARD de Saint-Valéry & his [second wife Anora ---] (-Corfe Castle 1210). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "fille fu Bernart de Saint-Waleri…Mehaus" as the wife of "Guillaumes de Brayouse", commenting that she once boasted about her cows to "Bauduin le conte d´Aubemalle son neveu"[505]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Matildis de S. Walerico, quondam uxoris Willielmi de Brewes” when recording the marriage of her daughter[506]. "Willelmus de Braosa dominus de Brechen" donated property to Flaxley Abbey, Gloucestershire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Matildis de Sancto Walerico et puerorum nostrorum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Willelmo et Philippo filiis meis"[507]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Matildis matrona nobilis cognomento de la Haie, uxor Willelmi de Braose” was captured with “Willelmo filio suo milite…in Galwaitha” in 1210 and starved to death “apud Windeshores”[508]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Mathildis uxor eius et Willielmus filius eorum” (referring to William, son of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”) were imprisoned by King John and died in prison[509]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmum de Brause juniorem et sororem eius et Matildam matrem eius” were captured in Ireland in 1210 by King John, adding that they later died in prison[510]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Mehaus sa feme [Guillaumes de Braiouse] et Guillaumes ses fils" fled from King John to Ireland where they were captured at "le castiel de Cracfergu", taken to England, and imprisoned at "el castiel del Corf" where they were starved to death[511]. The question whether "Mathilde de Saint-Valéry" and "Mathilde de la Haie" refer to the same person appears to be resolved by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which records her parentage and the circumstances of her death in the same lengthy passage.

William & his wife had nine children:

1. MARGERY ([1175/85]-after 1255). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Walterus”, son of “Gilbertus de Lacy”, married “Margeriam filiam Matildis de S. Walerico, quondam uxoris Willielmi de Brewes”[512]. This wording suggests that Margery may have been her mother´s daughter by an earlier marriage, not the daughter of William de Briouse, although no other primary source has yet been identified which suggests that Maud married twice. Nevertheless, the Annals of Worcester record that King John exiled “Walterum de Lacy” in 1211 because he would not repudiate “uxorem suam, filiam W. de Breaus”[513]. Her birth date range is estimated based firstly on her oldest son having had three children before he died in 1230, and her husband´s birth estimated to [1172]. If the range is correct, it is likely that Margery was one of her parents´s older children. A charter of King Edward II dated 26 Jan 1326 confirmed donations to Lanthony Abbey, among which a donation by “Walterus de Lacy filius Hugonis de Lacy” for the soul of “dominæ Margeriæ uxoris meæ”[514]. "Walterus de Lacy" confirmed the donation by "Margeria uxor mea" to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by charter dated to [1220/25], witnessed by “domino Willielmo de Lascy, domino Simone de Clifford, priore de Careswell, Egidio de Clifford…”[515]. An undated charter of Henry III King of England confirmed a donation by ”Walterus de Lacy” to the Hospital of Ludlow, Shropshire, for the souls of “Margeriæ uxoris meæ…Gilberti de Lacy filii mei”[516]. A charter dated 10 Oct 1241 ordered her dower to be assigned to "Margery who was the wife of Walter de Lacy"[517]. m WALTER de Lacy Lord of Meath, son of HUGH de Lacy Lord of Meath & his first wife Rose de Monmouth ([1172]-before 24 Feb 1241).

2. LAURETTE (-Hackington 4 Mar [1266 or after]). Her parentage is confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 recording that "Willelmus de Brause" granted "manerium de Taustock" in Devon to "comiti Leycestrie in maritagium cum filia sua"[518]. Robert son of Parnel, Earl of Leicester, donated property to the abbey of Lire for the soul of Loreta his wife, by charter dated to [1190/1204][519]. She became a recluse at Hackington, near Canterbury, before Feb 1221[520]. The necrology of Lyre monastery records the death "4 Mar" of "Laureta comitissa"[521]. m ROBERT de Breteuil "FitzPernel" Earl of Leicester, son of ROBERT de Beaumont Earl of Leicester & his wife Pernelle de Grantmesnil (-20/21 Oct 1204, bur Leicester Abbey).

3. ELEANOR [Annor] (-after 26 Jan 1241). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m (before 1210) HUGH de Mortimer of Wigmore, son of ROGER de Mortimer & his wife Isabel de Ferrers (-10 Nov 1227, bur Wigmore).

4. WILLIAM [IV] de Briouse (-Corfe 1210). "Willelmus de Braosa dominus de Brechen" donated property to Flaxley Abbey, Gloucestershire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Matildis de Sancto Walerico et puerorum nostrorum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Willelmo et Philippo filiis meis"[522]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Matildis matrona nobilis cognomento de la Haie, uxor Willelmi de Braose” was captured with “Willelmo filio suo milite…in Galwaitha” in 1210 and starved to death “apud Windeshores”[523]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Mathildis uxor eius et Willielmus filius eorum” (referring to William, son of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”) were imprisoned by King John and died in prison[524]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmum de Brause juniorem et sororem eius et Matildam matrem eius” were captured in Ireland in 1210 by King John, adding that they later died in prison[525]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Mehaus sa feme [Guillaumes de Braiouse] et Guillaumes ses fils" fled from King John to Ireland where they were captured at "le castiel de Cracfergu", taken to England, and imprisoned at "el castiel del Corf" where they were starved to death[526]. m as her first husband, MATILDA [Joan] de Clare, daughter of RICHARD de Clare Earl of Hertford & his wife Amicie of Gloucester ([1185/90]-). Her birth date range is estimated from her having had at least one child by her first marriage and at least three by her second. She married secondly (1219) Rhys ap Rhys "Gryg/the Hoarse". The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Rhys the Hoarse married the daughter of the earl of Clare" in 1219[527]. William & his wife had --- children:

a) JOHN de Briouse (-1232). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Lord of Bramber and Gower.

- see below.

5. PHILIP de Briouse . "Willelmus de Braosa dominus de Brechen" donated property to Flaxley Abbey, Gloucestershire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Matildis de Sancto Walerico et puerorum nostrorum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Willelmo et Philippo filiis meis"[528]. m as her first husband, MATILDA de Pont de l´Arche, daughter of --- (-after 1 Sep 1227). She married secondly William FitzWilliam Baron of Naas. A charter dated 1 Sep 1227 records that "Matilda who was the wife of the Baron of Nas represents that the justiciary…has disseised her of her dower out of…those of Philip de Breouse her first husband" and the king´s order to restore the property to her[529].

6. MATILDA de Briouse . Her parentage is confirmed by the which Annales Cambriæ name "Griffinus…" and "Willielmoque de Breusa socero suo"[530]. m (1189) GRUFFYDD ap Rhys, son of RHYS ap Gruffydd King of Deheubarth & his wife Gwenllian of Powys (-[Jul/Aug] 1201). He succeeded his father in 1197 as King of Deheubarth.

7. daughter . The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmum de Brause juniorem et sororem eius et Matildam matrem eius” were captured in Ireland in 1210 by King John, adding that they later died in prison[531].

8. --- . The identity of Lucy´s parents is not known. Her father or mother may have been one of the other children of William [III] de Briouse who are named in this section. m ---- One child:

a) LEUCA (-before 28 Aug 1236). King Henry III granted "to Lucy wife of the late Godfrey de Kanville of all the land in Ireland which William de Breouse her late grandfather gave with her in marriage to Godfrey and which the latter held when he died" by charter dated 20 Sep 1219[532]. King Henry III ordered that "Leuca who was the wife of Geoffrey de Caunville [have] her marriage portion out of the land of her late husband in that country", adding that he had purchased it from "William de Abbetot nephew of Philip de Wigorn…10 or 12 years before he married Leuca", by charter dated to [1219/20][533]. It is assumed that she died before 28 Aug 1236 when Henry III King of England restored to "William de Canville son and heir of Geoffrey de Cannville the land of Fedemercum which Leuca mother of the said William held in dower of the gift of Geoffrey her husband"[534]. m GEOFFREY de Canville, son of --- (-before 20 Sep 1219).

9. REYNOLD de Briouse (-[5 May 1227/9 Jun 1228]). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 24 Jun 1217 under which King Henry III notified those on the lands of "William de Breouse in Ireland" that "Reginald de Breouse having come to his fealty, the king restores to him all the lands which belonged to his father ere"[535]. Another version of his parentage, shown to be incorrect, by this 1217 document, is recorded in the manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey and names “Willielmus, Egidius et Reginaldus” as the three sons of “Willelmo Brewes” and his wife “Berta…comitis Milonis secunda filia”, adding that Reynold inherited all the territories of his older brothers[536]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Reginaldus frater eius” succeeded on the death of “Ægidius Herefordensis episcopus” in 1216, with the help of “Leulini Regis Walliæ” whose daughter he married[537]. m firstly GRECIA, daughter of WILLIAM Briwere & his wife Beatrix de Vaux. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Reginaldus de Brews” married “filiam domini Willielmus de la Bruere”[538]. m secondly ([1215/16]) GWLADUS Ddu, illegitimate daughter of LLEWELYN ap Iorwerth Prince of North Wales & his mistress --- (-Windsor 1251). The Annals of Dunstable record that “Reginaldus frater eius” (referring to “Ægidius Herefordensis episcopus”) married “Leulini Regis Walliæ…filiam” in 1216[539]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Radulphus” married “Lewelinus princeps…Gwladusam Duy filiam suam”, who brought her husband “omnibus terries de Kery et Kedewyn”[540]. She married secondly (1230) Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore. The Annals of Worcester record that “Radulphus de Mortuomari” married “filiam Lewelini, conjugem quondam Reginaldi de Breusa” in 1230[541]. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1251 of "Gladus filia domini Lewelini" at Windsor[542].] Reynold & his first wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Briouse (-hanged 2 May 1230). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus de Brews quartus” as son of “Reginaldus de Brews” and his wife “filiam domini Willielmus de la Bruere”[543]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de Braosa" holding one knight´s fee "in Eadburgetone" in Kent in [1210/12][544]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record that “W. de Breuse filius Reginaldi de Breuse” was captured by “Lewelinum” in 1228[545]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "William Bruse was hanged by Llywelyn son of Iorewerth, having been caught in the chamber of the prince with the princess Jannet, daughter of King John and wife of the prince" in 1230[546]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Brause” was captured and hanged by “Leulino” in 1230[547]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record that “Lewelinus princeps Norwalliæ” captured and hanged “Willelmum de Breuse filium Reginaldi” after Easter in 1230[548]. The Annals of Margan record that “Lewelinus” captured and killed “Willelmum de Brewsa juniorem” in 1230, adding that it was partly motivated by his old hatred of “progenitorum suorum…Willelmi de Brewas senioris et Matildis de Sancto Walerico uxoris suæ” who had killed many Welsh people[549], which confuses William de Briouse, son of Reynold, with his cousin William de Briouse, son of William (see above). m EVA Marshal, daughter of WILLIAM Marshal Earl of Pembroke & his wife Isabel Ctss of Pembroke ([1200/10]-before 1246). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire records that "quinta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Eva" married "Willielmo de Brewes"[550]. If it is correct that Eva was her parents´ fifth daughter, she would have been born after [1200]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Willielmus de Brews quartus” married “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”[551]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a letter from "L. princeps" to "domino W. Marescallo comiti Penbrochiæ" assuring him that he still wishes the proposed marriage between "neptem vestram et filium nostrum David" to take place[552]. William & his wife had four children:

i) ISABEL de Briouse (-1248). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Isabel married “David filio Lewelini principis Walliæ”[553]. A letter from "L. princeps de Aberfrau, dominus Snauedoniæ" to "E. de Braus", dated [May] 1230, enquires whether she wishes the proposed marriage between "David filium nostrum et I. filiam vestram" to take place[554]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Brause…filiam suam” married “Leulino…filio”, with as her dowry “castello de Boet”, which reverted to her family after her husband died[555]. m (1230) DAFYDD ap Llywelyn, son of LLYWELYN ap Iorwerth Fawr ("the Great") Prince of Wales & his second wife Joan [illegitimate daughter of John King of England] ([1208]-Mar 1246, bur Aberconwy). He succeeded his father in 1240 as DAFYDD II Prince of Wales.

ii) MATILDA de Briouse (-before 23 Mar 1301). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Matilda married “Rogero de Mortuomari, domino de Wyggemore”[556]. The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Matilda, Alianora et Eva" as the three daughters of "Willielmo de Brewes" and his wife "quinta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Eva", adding that Matilda married "domino Rogero de Mortuo-mari domino de Wigmore"[557]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Rog. (secundus)…Radulphi et Gwladusæ filius” married “Matildem de Brewys, filiam domini Willielmi de Brewys domini de Breghnoc”[558]. A charter dated 28 Jun 1248 records that "Margaret late Countess of Lincoln…recovered her dower out of the lands in Ireland of W[alter] Marshall late Earl of Pembroke her husband" and that the dower was "taken out of the portions of the inheritance which accrued to William de Vescy and Agnes his wife, Reginald de Moun and Isabel his wife, Matilda de Kyme, Francis de Boun and Sibil his wife, William de Vallibus and Alienor his wife, John de Moun and Joan his wife, Agatha de Ferrers in the king´s custody, and Roger de Mortimer and Matilda his wife"[559]. m (1247) ROGER de Mortimer, son of RALPH Mortimer of Wigmore & his wife Gwladus Ddu of Wales ([Cwmaron Castle] [1231]-Kingsland, Herefordshire before 30 Oct 1282, bur Wigmore).

iii) EVA de Briouse (-20 Jul 1255). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Eva married “Willielmo de Cauntello”[560]. The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Matilda, Alianora et Eva" as the three daughters of "Willielmo de Brewes" and his wife "quinta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Eva", adding that "Eva tertia filia" married "Willielmo de Cantilupo", by whom she was mother of "Georgius" who died childless and "Johanna nupta Henrico de Hastings et Milisannt de Monte-alto…uxor Ivonis de la Zouch"[561]. A charter dated 26 May 1250 records the restoration of property, granted to "Margaret Countess of Lincoln", to "William de Vescy and Agnes his wife, Reginald de Moun and Isabel his wife, William de Fortibus and Matilda his wife, Francis de Boun and Sibil his wife, William de Vallibus and Alienor his wife, John de Moun and Joan his wife, Agatha de Ferrers in the king´s custody, Roger de Mortimer and Matilda his wife, and William de Cantilupe and Eva his wife"[562]. Heiress of Abergavenny. The Annals of Dunstable record that “domina Eva uxor Willelmi de Cantilupo” died “circa festum Sanctæ Margaretæ” in 1255[563]. m ([25 Jul 1238/15 Feb 1248]) WILLIAM de Cantelou, son of WILLIAM de Cantelou & his wife --- (Calstone, Wiltshire 25 Sep 1254, bur Studley Priory, Warwickshire).

iv) ELEANOR de Briouse (-bur Llanthony Priory, Gloucester). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Eleanor married “Hunfredo de Bohun quinto cum dominio de Brekenok”, corrected to “Humfredus sextus” in a later passage which also adds that the marriage took place after the death of Humphrey´s mother[564]. The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Matilda, Alianora et Eva" as the three daughters of "Willielmo de Brewes" and his wife "quinta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Eva", adding that Eleanor married "Humfrido de Bohun vi"[565]. A manuscript in Aske´s collections names “…Elionor of Brewis, Ladi and heire of the land of Bricon…” among those buried at Lanthony Priory[566]. m (after Aug 1241) as his first wife, HUMPHREY de Bohun, son of HUMPHREY de Bohun Earl of Hereford and Essex & his first wife Maud de Lusignan (-Beeston Castle, Cheshire 27 Oct 1265, bur Combermere Abbey).

The relationships between the following persons and the main Briouse family have not yet been ascertained.

1. PHILIP de Briouse . The Annals of Tigernach (Continuation) record that “three fleets of Englishmen arrived in Ireland” in 1177, those of “Hugo de Lacy…William Fitz Audeline and…Philip de Breusa (Pilip de Preis)”, adding that Philip´s went to Waterford[567].

2. INGELRAM de Briouse (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Engeram de Braosa" holding "Sturtes" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][568].

JOHN de Briouse, son of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife --- (-1232 before 18 Jul). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Lord of Bramber and Gower. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "John de Bruse died of a cruel death having been bruised by his horse" in 1232[569].

m (1219) as her first husband, MARGARET of Wales, illegitimate daughter of LLEWELYN ap Iorwerth Prince of North Wales & his mistress --- (-1272 or after, bur [Acornbury Priory, Herefordshire]). The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "John de Bruse married Margaret the daughter of Llywelyn son of Iorwerth" in 1219[570]. She married secondly Walter [III] de Clifford of Clifford Castle, Herefordshire. "Katerina de Lacy filia Walteri de Lacy" donated land in Cofham, held by "domino Waltero de Clifford", to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, for the souls of “fratris mei…et…dicti Walteri de Clifford et Margaretæ uxoris suæ et Margaretæ filiæ ipsius” by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Willielmo de Evereus, domino Rogero de Clifford, domino Ricardo Tirel, domino Roberto de Lacy, domino Willielmo de Rachesford…"[571]. "Walterus de Clifford filius Walteri de Clifford et Agnetis de Cundy" donated land in Cofham to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, also donated by "Katherinæ filiæ Walteri de Lacy", for the souls of “Margaretæ uxoris meæ et dominæ Mathildis filiæ meæ” by undated charter[572]. "Margareta quondam uxor domini Walteri de Clifford" elected burial at Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by charter dated “tertia die dominica proxima ante festum sancti Thomæ apostoli” in 1260, witnessed by "…Henrico de Clifford…"[573].

John & his wife had two children:

1. Sir WILLIAM de Breuse (-before 6 Jan 1291). "Domino Willilemo de Brawoso…" (presumably the donor´s stepson) witnessed the undated charter under which "Walterus de Clifford filius Walteri de Clifford et Agnetis de Cundy" donated land in Cofham to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, for the souls of “Margaretæ uxoris meæ et dominæ Mathildis filiæ meæ”[574]. "Willielmus de Breuse miles" confirmed a donation to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire made by “dominus Johannes de Breus pater meus" by charter dated 22 Jan [1290][575]. He sat in the Parliament of 1290, whereby he is held to have become Lord Brewose. m firstly ALINE, daughter of THOMAS de Multon of Burgh-on-Sans, Cumberland & his wife Maud de Vaux. m secondly AGNES, daughter of NICHOLAS de Moeles [Mules] of Cadbury, Somerset & his wife ---. m thirdly (1271 or before) MARY, daughter of WILLIAM de Ros of Helmsley, Lord Ros & his wife Isabel d´Aubigny of Belvoir (-before 23 May 1326). Sir William & his first wife had one child:

a) Sir WILLIAM de Breuse (-before 1 May 1326). Lord Brewose. m firstly ---. m secondly ELIZABETH de Sully, daughter of Sir RAYMUND de Sully of Sully, co. Glamorgan & his wife --- ([1295/96]-before 24 Aug 1328). Sir William & his first wife had two children:

i) ALINE de Breuse (-before 20 Jul 1331). A manuscript record of the Mowbray family states that “Johannes filius [Roger]” married “Elianoram filiam domini Willielmi de Brewes in Wallia”[576]. m firstly (Swansea 1298) JOHN de Mowbray, son of ROGER de Mowbray Lord Mowbray & his wife Rohese de Clare (4 Sep 1286-hanged York 23 Mar 1322). m secondly Sir RICHARD de Peshale .

ii) JOAN de Breuse (-before 23 Jun 1324). m firstly (1301 or before) JAMES de Bohun, son of --- (-1306). m secondly Sir RICHARD Foliot of Gressenhall, Norfolk, son of ---.

2. Sir RICHARD de Briouse (before 1232-before 18 Jun 1292, bur Woodbridge Priory). m (before 9 Sep 1265) as her second husband, ALICE le Rus, widow of RICHARD Longespeye, daughter of WILLIAM le Rus of Stinton, Norfolk & his wife Agatha de Clere of Bramley, Surrey (25 Dec 1245 or 1247-before 28 Jan 1301, bur Woodbridge Priory).

- BREWES Family of STINTON[577].

Chapter 13. BRITO

A. ALBINI BRITO

1. MAIN . Seigneur de Saint-Aubin-d'Aubigné. m ADELAIS de Bohun, daughter of ---. Main & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Albini Brito (-after 1148). "…Willo de Albin Brit…" subscribed the charter dated to [10 Apr/29 May] 1121 which records the arrangements for the marriage of "Miloni de Gloec" and "Sibilia filia Beorndi de Novo Mercato"[578]. "W. de Alb Britone" witnessed the charter dated to [1125/29] under which Henry I King of England confirmed a donation to Thorney abbey[579]. He owned part of the fee of Belvoir before his mother-in-law held it, the Complete Peerage concluding therefore that the marriage may have been arranged to settle rival claims[580]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo de Albin brit" in Essex, Hertfordshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, in the honour of Berkelay in Rutlandshire, and in Northamptonshire[581]. "Willielmus de Albeneio Brito…et Ceciliam uxorem meam et Willielmum filium meum" donated land to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogero et Roberto filiis meis et Warino Ridel et Olivero et Iwan et Gaufrido nepotibus meis et Roberto Brito…”[582]. "Willielmus de Albenei Brito" donated "terram de Pipewell…de feodo de Bellovidere" to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire, with the consent of "Ceciliæ uxoris meæ et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "…tres nepotes mei, Oliverus filius Galfridi et Iwanus et Gaufridus de Cabivin…”[583]. m CECILY Bigod, daughter of ROGER le Bigod & his second wife Alice [Adelisia] de Tosny (-after 1136). Her parentage is indicated by the charter dated 23 Apr [1430] under which her descendant “Thomas dominus de Ros, de Hamelake, de Trussebout et de Beavoir” confirmed the possessions of Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire made by "antecessores nostros…Robertum de Toteneio, Willielmum de Toteneyo filium suum, Agnetem de Toteneio filiam dicti Roberti de Toteneyo, Henricum de Rya filium Huberto de Rya, Agnetem de Toteneyo, Willielmum de Albeneio primum, Willielmum de Albeneio secundum, Willielmum de Albeneio tertium, Willielmum de Albeneio quartum, Ywynum de Albeneyo, Heliam de Albeneyo et uxores eorundem, Isabellam filiam domini Willielmi de Albeneio quæ fuit uxor domini de Ros, domini de Beauvoire et de Hamelake"[584], the connection with Robert de Tosny Lord of Belvoir, her maternal grandfather, being established through her marriage. She inherited Belvoir from her mother. "Willielmus de Albeneio Brito…et Ceciliam uxorem meam et Willielmum filium meum" donated land to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogero et Roberto filiis meis et Warino Ridel et Olivero et Iwan et Gaufrido nepotibus meis et Roberto Brito…”[585]. "Willielmus de Albenei Brito" donated "terram de Pipewell…de feodo de Bellovidere" to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire, with the consent of "Ceciliæ uxoris meæ et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "…tres nepotes mei, Oliverus filius Galfridi et Iwanus et Gaufridus de Cabivin…”[586]. "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[587]. “Willielmus de Albineio” confirmed the possessions of Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon de Radulphi de Albineio fratris mei", by undated charter[588]. William & his wife had six children:

i) WILLIAM de Albini Brito (-1168). "Willielmus de Albeneio Brito…et Ceciliam uxorem meam et Willielmum filium meum" donated land to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogero et Roberto filiis meis et Warino Ridel et Olivero et Iwan et Gaufrido nepotibus meis et Roberto Brito…”[589]. "Willielmus de Albenei Brito" donated "terram de Pipewell…de feodo de Bellovidere" to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire, with the consent of "Ceciliæ uxoris meæ et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "…tres nepotes mei, Oliverus filius Galfridi et Iwanus et Gaufridus de Cabivin…”[590]. "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[591]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held by "Willelmi de Albenny Britonis quam pater suus tenuit" in Leicestershire[592]. m MATILDA de Senlis, daughter of ROBERT FitzRichard & his wife Maud de Senlis (-after 1185). "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[593]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Matillis de Sainlis que fuit filia Roberti filii Ricardi et mater Willelmi de Albineio” and “terra sua in Hungertone et in Winewelle”[594]. William & his wife had [two] children:

(a) WILLIAM de Albini Brito (-1236). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Matillis de Sainlis que fuit filia Roberti filii Ricardi et mater Willelmi de Albineio” and “terra sua in Hungertone et in Winewelle”[595]. "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[596]. "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[597]. m firstly MARGERY, daughter of ODINEL [II] de Prudhoe & his wife ---. "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[598]. m secondly AGATHA, daughter of WILLIAM [II] Trussebut & his wife Albreda d´Harcourt (-1247). "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[599]. William & his first wife had four children:

(1) WILLIAM de Albini Brito . "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[600]. A charter of “Thomas dominus de Ros, de Hamelake, de Trussebout et de Beavoir” dated 23 Apr [1430] confirmed the possessions of Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire made by "antecessores nostros…Robertum de Toteneio, Willielmum de Toteneyo filium suum, Agnetem de Toteneio filiam dicti Roberti de Toteneyo, Henricum de Rya filium Huberto de Rya, Agnetem de Toteneyo, Willielmum de Albeneio primum, Willielmum de Albeneio secundum, Willielmum de Albeneio tertium, Willielmum de Albeneio quartum, Ywynum de Albeneyo, Heliam de Albeneyo et uxores eorundem, Isabellam filiam domini Willielmi de Albeneio quæ fuit uxor domini de Ros, domini de Beauvoire et de Hamelake"[601].

(2) ODINEL de Albini Brito . "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[602].

(3) ROBERT de Albini Brito . "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[603].

(4) NICHOLAS de Albini Brito . "Willielmus de Albiniaco tertius" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, for the souls of "Agayjæ uxoris meæ et…Margeriæ quondam uxoris meæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Willielmo de Albineio quarto, Odinello, Roberto et Nicholao filiis meis"[604].

(b) [MATILDA de Albini ([1160/65]-after 1210). A charter dated 1200 records the foundation of Inchaffray Abbey by "Gilbertus filius Ferthead…comes de Stradern et…Matilidis filia Willelmi de Aubengni comitissa", for the soul of "Gillecrist primogeniti nostri ibidem quiescentis"[605]. No more precise information has been found about the parentage of Matilda, first wife of Gilbert Earl of Strathearn. From a chronological point of view, it is possible that "Willelmi de Aubengni" was William de Albini Brito, who died in 1168. If this is correct, Matilda must have been born not long before her father´s death as she gave birth to her last child after Oct 1198. It appears that William, son of William who died in 1168, would have been too young to have been Matilda´s father. "…M. comitissa de Stratherr, Malisio fratre comitis, Ferthet filio comitis, Matilda filia comitis…Dunecano filio Malihs…" subscribed the charter dated to [1200] under which "Gilbertus comes de Stratheren" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey[606]. "…Malisio fratre comitis, Matilda comissa…Willelmo, Fertet, Roberto, Fergus, Malisio, Gillecrist filiis meis…" subscribed the charter dated to [1203/08] under which "Gilebertus comes de Stradhern" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey[607]. "…M. fratre meo, M. comitissa, Roberto filio et herede meo et aliis filiis meis…" subscribed the charter dated 1210 under which "G. comes de Strathern" donated "ecclesiam sancti Beani de Foulis" to Inchaffray Abbey[608]. m as his first wife, GILBERT Earl of Strathearn, son of FERTETH Earl of Strathearn & his wife Ethen --- ([1150 or before]-1223).

ii) ROGER de Albini Brito . "Willielmus de Albeneio Brito…et Ceciliam uxorem meam et Willielmum filium meum" donated land to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogero et Roberto filiis meis et Warino Ridel et Olivero et Iwan et Gaufrido nepotibus meis et Roberto Brito…”[609].

iii) ROBERT de Albini Brito (-after 1166). "Willielmus de Albeneio Brito…et Ceciliam uxorem meam et Willielmum filium meum" donated land to Thorney monastery, Cambridgeshire by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogero et Roberto filiis meis et Warino Ridel et Olivero et Iwan et Gaufrido nepotibus meis et Roberto Brito…”[610]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus de Albenny frater suus" held 15 knights´ fees from "Willelmi de Albenny Britonis quam pater suus tenuit" in Leicestershire[611].

iv) RALPH de Albini Brito (-Acre 1191). "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[612].

v) MATILDA de Albini Brito .

vi) BASILIA de Albini Brito .

B. BRITO

1. THURSTAN Brito (-after [1127]). "…Turstin Brito, Will Brito, Hunfrid Brito, Rodb Brito…" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Puncii filii" granted Aston, Gloucestershire ("Hestoniam") to "Mathilli uxori mee"[613].

2. WILLIAM Brito (-after [1127]). "…Turstin Brito, Will Brito, Hunfrid Brito, Rodb Brito…" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Puncii filii" granted Aston, Gloucestershire ("Hestoniam") to "Mathilli uxori mee"[614].

3. HUMPHREY Brito (-after [1127]). "…Turstin Brito, Will Brito, Hunfrid Brito, Rodb Brito…" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Puncii filii" granted Aston, Gloucestershire ("Hestoniam") to "Mathilli uxori mee"[615].

4. ROBERT Brito (-after [1127]). "…Rob Brito…" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Pontii filii" granted the manor of "Lechia" to "Mathildi uxori mee in matrimoniu" in exchange for her original marriage portion, the manor of Ullingswick in Herefordshire, which he gave to "Helie Giff in mat-monu cum filia mea Berta"[616]. "…Turstin Brito, Will Brito, Hunfrid Brito, Rodb Brito…" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Puncii filii" granted Aston, Gloucestershire ("Hestoniam") to "Mathilli uxori mee"[617].

5. JOHN Brito . “Hugo de Montecanisio…et Stephanus filius et hæres meus” donated "ecclesiam de Edwardeston", previously donated by "pater meus Hubertus" to Abingdon, to Colne Priory, Essex by undated charter, witnessed by "comes Albricus [which dates the document to after 1142], Willielmus de Veer, Rogerus de Montecanis…Rogerus de Bellocampo, Gaufridus de Veer, novissime superveniens, Johannes Brito"[618].

6. WALTER Brito (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from the king by "Walterus Brito" in Somerset[619].

7. WILLIAM Brito (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Brito" held one knight´s fee from "Walterus Brito" in Somerset[620].

8. RICHARD Brito (-after [1171]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Ricardus Brito" with two knights "de feodo de Spineto…de Baiocasino"[621].

9. ROBERT Brito (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Brito, Radulfus Brito" held one knight´s fee each from "Willelmi de Albenny Britonis quam pater suus tenuit" in Leicestershire[622].

10. RALPH Brito (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Brito, Radulfus Brito" held one knight´s fee each from "Willelmi de Albenny Britonis quam pater suus tenuit" in Leicestershire[623].

11. ALAN Brito (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alanus Brito" held one half of one knight´s fee from "comitis Albrici" in Essex[624].

12. WALTER Brito (-before 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Ricardus Briwere" holding 15 knights´ fees "de terra quæ fuit Walteri Bretonis de honore de Hoccecumbe" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][625].

13. RICHARD Brito (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Ricardus Brito" held "medietatem de Lie et de Cherch…de honore de Richemond" in Hampshire[626].

Chapter 14. BRIWERE

1. WILLIAM de Briwere . m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) RICHARD de Briwere (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Ricardus filius Willelmi Bruerre" now held "baroniam" in Somerset in which "Walterus Brito" held knights´ fees from the king[627].

2. GUIFAR de Briwere (-after Sep 1151). "…Guferio de Bruere…" witnessed the charter dated to [Sep 1151/Jan 1153] under which "Henricus dux Norm et comes Andeg" confirmed the foundation of the abbey of Fontenay at the request of "Jordani Taxonis"[628].

3. WILLIAM de Briwere (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Bruerre" held one half a knight´s fee in Chesterfield from "Radulfi filii Willelmi" in Derbyshire[629].

4. JOHN BRIWERE (-1210). m as her first husband, GALIENA de Dammartin, daughter of WILLIAM de Dammartin & his wife --- (-after 1220). She married secondly Robert de Burgate, and thirdly Ernald de Mandeville.

5. WILLIAM de Briwere . m BEATRIX des Vaux, daughter of ---. William & his wife had one child:

a) GRECIA de Briwere (-before 1215). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Reginaldus de Brews” married “filiam domini Willielmus de la Bruere”[630]. m as his first wife, REYNOLD de Briouse, son of WILLIAM [III] de Briouse & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Valéry Dame de la Haye (-[5 May 1227/9 Jun 1228]).

6. WILLIAM de Briwere (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus Bruere" holding (unspecified) knights´ fees "Burbeche" in Wiltshire, and land "Stokes et Siteleshangre quæ fuerunt Gerardi de Mauqu[eney]" in Northamptonshire, in [1210/12][631]. m CHRISTIANE de Lascelles, daughter of DUNCAN de Lascelles & his wife ---. The Pipe Roll 1211 records that "Willelmus Briwerre" paid a fine for "maritagio Cristiane filie Dunekani de Lascel cum medietate vlle de Burnham" before Michaelmas 1211[632]. William & his wife had five children:

a) WILLIAM Briwere (-1233). m JOAN de Vernon, daughter of WILLIAM de Vernon [Reviers] Earl of Devon & his wife Mabile de Meulan (-after 1233).

b) three daughters .

c) ALICE Briwere . m firstly REYNOLD de Mohun of Dunster, Somerset, son of WILLIAM de Mohun & his wife Lucy --- (-1213). m secondly WILLIAM Paynel of Bampton, Devon, son of --- (-1228).

7. RALPH de Briwere (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus de Briwere" holding "x libratas in Gamelingehey…de serjanteriis et terris sine servitio" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1210/12][633].

8. RICHARD de Briwere (-after 1212). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Ricardus Briwere" holding 15 knights´ fees "de terra quæ fuit Walteri Bretonis de honore de Hoccecumbe" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][634]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Ricardus Briwer" held "de domino rege feudum I militis in hundredo de Katesaisse de honore de Blakedon…Ivelcestr" in Somerset[635].

Chapter 15. CAMVILLE

1. ROGER de Camville (-before 1130). m ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "uxore Rog de Capuilla…filii eius" in Leicestershire[636]. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) WALTER de Camville . "Rogerus de Canuilla" confirmed the donation of land at Theddingworth, Leicestershire to the abbey of St Mary de Pré, Leicester, at the request of "Walteri de Canuilla patris mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo de Canuilla…"[637]. m ---. The name of Walter´s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

i) ROGER de Camville . "Rogerus de Canuilla" confirmed the donation of land at Theddingworth, Leicestershire to the abbey of St Mary de Pré, Leicester, at the request of "Walteri de Canuilla patris mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo de Canuilla…"[638].

2. WILLIAM de Camville . "Rogerus de Canuilla" confirmed the donation of land at Theddingworth, Leicestershire to the abbey of St Mary de Pré, Leicester, at the request of "Walteri de Canuilla patris mei", by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo de Canuilla…"[639].

1. --- de Camville . m [--- de Vere, daughter of AUBREY de Vere & his wife ---. The Complete Peerage suggests that the mother of Richard de Camville must have been the daughter of Aubrey de Vere: his daughter held "Heldrinham" in 1185, which was held by Aubrey de Vere in 1086[640].] One child:

a) RICHARD de Camville (-Sicily 1176). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ric de Capvilla" in Oxfordshire[641]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Ricardo de Campville viii m" in Hampshire in [1158/59][642]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Ricardus de Campville in perdono per breve Regis" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1161/62][643]. m firstly ALICE, daughter of ---. m secondly (after 1143) as her second husband, MELISENDE, widow of ROBERT Marmion [III] of Tamworth, daughter of ---. Henry Duke of Normandy confirmed Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire to "Milicenti uxori Ricardi de Camvilla in feodo et hereditate sibi…sicut regina Adelisia…in maritagium dedit" by charter dated 1154[644]. Richard & his [second] wife had three children:

i) MATILDA de Camville ([1145]-). “Matildis de Ros, filia Ricardi de Canvilla…cum Beatrice filia mea” donated revenue from "molendino de Hildrikesham de maritagio meo" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s, for the souls of "Willielmi de Ros viri mei et Willielmi filii mei", by undated charter[645]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Matildis de Ros que fuit filia Ricardi de Kaunville et soror Gerardi de Kaunville” and her land “in Heldrinham…de feodo Gerardi de Kaunville”, adding that she had "de Willelmo de Ros iii filios et iv filias, primogenitus est xx annorum"[646]. m WILLIAM de Ros, son of GEOFFREY de Ros & his wife [Sibyl de Arsic] (-before 1185).

ii) GERARD de Camville (-1214). King Richard I confirmed the inheritance by "Gerardo de Canuilla et Nicolæ uxori sue" of all her inheritance in England and Normandy from "Rob de Haia et R[ic] de Haia", including "constabularia castelli Lincoln" and land at Poupeville and Varreville, by charter dated 1189[647]. “Girardus de Camvill” confirmed the donation of revenue from "molendino de Hildrikesham de maritagio meo" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s made by "Matilda de Camvill soror mea…cum filia sua Beatricia", by undated charter[648]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Gerardus de Kamville" paying "xx s, i militem" in Oxfordshire, "Gerardus de Campville" paying "xvi l de feodo Ricardi de Haia, xvi milites" in Lincolnshire, and also paying in Berkshire[649]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Gerard de Campville" paying "xx s, i militem" in Oxfordshire[650]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Gerard de Kanville" holding one half of one knight´s fee "in Blakelande" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][651]. m (after 1178) as her second husband, NICOLE de la Haye, widow of WILLIAM FitzErneis, daughter of RICHARD de la Haye & his wife Mathilde [de Vernon] (-Nov 1230). King Richard I confirmed the inheritance by "Gerardo de Canuilla et Nicolæ uxori sue" of all her inheritance in England and Normandy from "Rob de Haia et R[ic] de Haia", including "constabularia castelli Lincoln" and land at Poupeville and Varreville, by charter dated 1189[652]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Ricardi de Hai…predecessor domine Nicollæ uxoris Gerardi [de Camvill]" in relation to landholdings in Lincolnshire[653].

iii) RICHARD de Camville (-1224). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Ricardus de Kamvill" held "Olmere, sed caput est alibi"[654]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Somerset and Dorset, dated 1219, which includes "heres Ricardi de Kanvill…in custodia W. comitis Saresberie" holding land "in hundredo de Horethorn" in Somerset[655]. m MARGARET, daughter of ---. Richard & his wife had one child:

(a) MILLICENT de Camville . m ROBERT de Harcourt, son IVO de Harcourt & his wife --- (-[1206]).

b) ROGER de Camville (-after 1154).

2. RICHARD de Camville . m EUSTACHIE Basset, daughter of ---. Richard & his wife had one child:

a) IDOINE de Camville (-[1 Jan 1250/1/21 Sep 1252]). The Book of Lacock names “Idonea Candoill (esset Camvile)” as wife of “Guill Lungespee secundus”[656]. m (contract 1216) WILLIAM Longespee, son of WILLIAM Longespee Earl of Salisbury & his wife Ela Ctss of Salisbury (before 1209-killed in battle Mansurah 7 Feb 1250).

3. THOMAS de Camville (-after 1217). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas de Camville" holding one knight´s fee "in Fobinghe et Senefeld" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][657]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Thomas de Camvill" holding "iii milites in Fobbing et in Senef in Essex et in Westreham in Kent"[658].

4. GEOFFREY de Camville (-before 20 Sep 1219). m LEUCA, daughter of --- (-before 28 Aug 1236). King Henry III granted "to Lucy wife of the late Godfrey de Kanville of all the land in Ireland which William de Breouse her late grandfather gave with her in marriage to Godfrey and which the latter held when he died" by charter dated 20 Sep 1219[659]. King Henry III ordered that "Leuca who was the wife of Geoffrey de Caunville [have] her marriage portion out of the land of her late husband in that country", adding that he had purchased it from "William de Abbetot nephew of Philip de Wigorn…10 or 12 years before he married Leuca", by charter dated to [1219/20][660]. It is assumed that she died before 28 Aug 1236 when her dower was restored to her son (see below). Geoffrey & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Camville . Henry III King of England restored to "William de Canville son and heir of Geoffrey de Cannville the land of Fedemercum which Leuca mother of the said William held in dower of the gift of Geoffrey her husband" by charter dated 28 Aug 1236[661].

Chapter 16. CAUNTELO

1. WALTER de Cauntelo (-after 1114). Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Walter de Cantilupe and Emicina his wife" visited Croyland (dated to 1114)[662]. m EMICINA, daughter of --- (-after 1114). Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Walter de Cantilupe and Emicina his wife" visited Croyland (dated to 1114)[663].

2. WILLIAM de Cauntelo . m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) EUPHEME (-[1153/54], bur Colne Priory). “Eufemia comitissa” donated property to Colne priory, with the consent of “comitis Alberici mariti mei”, by charter dated to the reign of King Stephen, witnessed by “comite Alberico, Gilberto de Veer…”[664]. m ([1146/52]) as his second wife, AUBREY [III] de Vere Earl of Oxford, son of AUBREY [II] de Vere & his wife Adelisa [Alice] de Clare ([1110]-26 Dec 1194, bur Colne Priory).

3. SIMON de Cauntelo (-after 1167). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Simon de Cantilupo ii" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1167/68][665].

4. WALTER de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Walterus de Cantalupo" holding one knight´s fee "in Middestone" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][666].

5. HUGH de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Cantilupo" holding one knight´s fee "in Smethtone" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][667].

6. BALDWIN de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Baldwinus de Cantilupo" holding land "in Pourste cum filia Alardi filii Willelmi, per serjanteriam custodiendi necessaria Regis" in Berkshire in [1210/12][668]. m (before 1210) ---, daughter of ALARD FitzWilliam & his wife ---. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Baldewinus de Kantilup" held "Powrd" in Oxfordshire "de dono Regis Johannes cum filia Alardi filii Willelmi"[669].

7. ROBERT de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Cantolupo et Willelmus Aket" holding "Bartone Aaron Judæi" in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][670].

8. FULK de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Northamptonshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Fulco de Cantilupo" held land "manerium de Burton de domino rege"[671]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Fulco de Cantilupo" held "terram comitisse de Pertico in custodia"[672]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Fulco de Cantolupo" holding one and one half knights´ fees "in Burtone de honore eiusdem W[ischardi]" in Northamptonshire in [1210/12][673].

9. EMMA, . The Red Book of the Exchequer records two knights fees escheated from "Emma de Cantilupo" in "Smetindone et quodam menbro de Pebenhers in Essexa et Fineburgo et Rokeshale in Suffolceia…[de honore] Boloniæ" in [1211/12][674].

10. WILLIAM de Cauntelo (-after 1210). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Willelmus de Cantilupo" held "Eiton"[675]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas Mauduit et Willelmus de Kantilupo" holding five knights´ fees in Shropshire, and one "in Eytone" in Bedfordshire, in [1210/12][676]. m ---. William & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Cauntelo (-1251). A charter dated 17 Dec 1243 mandated to "W[illiam] de Cantilupe seisin of all the lands which belonged to Hamo de Valoignes in Ireland…with the marriage of Hamo´s heirs"[677]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death in 1251 of “Willelmus de Cantilupo in Cathedra Sancti Petri”[678]. m [firstly] (1219) as her second husband, MELISENDE de Gournay, widow of AMAURY [VI] de Montfort Comte d´Evreux, daughter of HUGUES [V] Seigneur de Gournay & his wife [Juliane de Dammartin]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a letter which purports to be from her daughter "Dame Julian Tresgoze…espouse…a Sr Robert Tresgoos le Second" to "son frère St Thomas de Cantlow, Euesque…de Hereford" which gives a confused version of the family´s lineage: "Sr Hugh de Gornaye" married "la reyne Blanch" [widow of Louis VIII King of France, such a second marriage being impossible chronologically] and had "un fils…Hugh…nostre ayle", who married "la soer le count Renaud de Boloyng", whose daughter "Milsent nostre mere" married "a Count de Euoyse en Normandy" by whom she had one son and one daughter, before marrying "Will de Cantelow nostre pere"[679]. [m secondly (before 28 Aug 1236) ---, daughter of THOMAS FitzAnthony & his wife ---. Henry III King of England pardoned "William de Cantilupe", who "married one of the daughters and heirs of Thomas Fitz Anthony", his portion of a fine which Thomas had paid to King John for custody of the land and heir of "John Fitz Thomas with the marriage of the heir" by charter dated 28 Aug 1236[680]. It is not known whether this charter relates to the same William de Cauntelo.] William & his wife had four children:

i) WILLIAM de Cauntelo of Calne, Wiltshire and Aston Cantlow, Warwickshire (-Calstone, Wiltshire 25 Sep 1254, bur Studley Priory, Warwickshire). m (before 15 Feb 1248) EVA de Briouse, daughter of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife Eva Marshal (-[20/28] Jul 1255). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Eva married “Willielmo de Cauntello”[681]. The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Matilda, Alianora et Eva" as the three daughters of "Willielmo de Brewes" and his wife "quinta filia…Willihelmi Marescalli…Eva", adding that "Eva tertia filia" married "Willielmo de Cantilupo"[682]. A charter dated 26 May 1250 records the restoration of property, granted to "Margaret Countess of Lincoln", to "William de Vescy and Agnes his wife, Reginald de Moun and Isabel his wife, William de Fortibus and Matilda his wife, Francis de Boun and Sibil his wife, William de Vallibus and Alienor his wife, John de Moun and Joan his wife, Agatha de Ferrers in the king´s custody, Roger de Mortimer and Matilda his wife, and William de Cantilupe and Eva his wife"[683]. Heiress of Abergavenny. The Annals of Dunstable record that “domina Eva uxor Willelmi de Cantilupo” died “circa festum Sanctæ Margaretæ” in 1255[684]. William & his wife had three children:

(a) JOAN de Cauntelo (-before Jun 1271). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Georgius" who died childless and "Johanna nupta Henrico de Hastings et Milisannt de Monte-alto…uxor Ivonis de la Zouch" as the children of "Willielmo de Cantilupo" and his wife[685]. m Sir HENRY Hastings of Ashill, Norfolk, son of Sir HENRY de Hastings of Ashill, Norfolk & his wife Ada of Huntingdon (-before 5 Mar 1269).

(b) MILLICENT de Cauntelo . The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Georgius" who died childless and "Johanna nupta Henrico de Hastings et Milisannt de Monte-alto…uxor Ivonis de la Zouch" as the children of "Willielmo de Cantilupo" and his wife[686]. m EUDES la Zouche, son of ---.

(c) GEORGE de Cauntelo (Abergavenny 29 Mar 1252-18 Oct 1273). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Georgius" who died childless and "Johanna nupta Henrico de Hastings et Milisannt de Monte-alto…uxor Ivonis de la Zouch" as the children of "Willielmo de Cantilupo" and his wife[687]. Lord of Abergavenny. m (contract ratified 1 Sep 1254) MARGARET de Lacy, daughter of EDMUND de Lacy Earl of Lincoln & his wife Alasia di Saluzzo (-after 1273, bur Pontefract Black Friars).

ii) THOMAS de Cauntelo . "Dame Julian Tresgoze…espouse…a Sr Robert Tresgoos le Second" wrote to "son frère St Thomas de Cantlow, Euesque…de Hereford" giving a confused version of the family´s lineage[688].

iii) NICHOLAS de Cauntelo (-before 24 Sep 1266). m as her first husband, EUSTACHIE, daughter of RALPH FitzHugh of Greasley, Nottinghamshire & Ilkeston, Derbyshire & his wife Joan ---. She married secondly (before Oct 1268) William de Ros of Ingmanthorpe, Yorkshire. Nicholas & his wife had one child:

(a) WILLIAM de Cauntelo (Lenton Abbey, Nottinghamshire 2 Apr 1262-before 6 Aug 1308). He was summoned to Parliament from 1299, whereby he is held to have become Lord Cauntelo.

- LORDS CAUNTELO[689].

iv) JULIANE de Cauntelo . "Dame Julian Tresgoze…espouse…a Sr Robert Tresgoos le Second" wrote to "son frère St Thomas de Cantlow, Euesque…de Hereford" giving a confused version of the family´s lineage[690]. m ROBERT de Tresgoz, son of ROBERT de Tresgoz & his wife ---.

Chapter 17. CHANDOS

1. ROBERT de Chandos (-after Jan 1153). Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed donations to Goldcliff priory by "Robertus de Candos" for the soul of "uxoris sue Isabel et filiorum suorum", confirmed by "Rannulfus", and another donation by "Isabel…de Candos et Robertus filius eius…concessione Walteri filii predicte Isabel" by charter dated to [1153/54][691]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus de Candos" used to hold one knight´s fee from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "Walterus filius eius"[692]. Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed donations by "Robertus de Candos…Rogerus…de Candos…Walterus de Candos" to the priory of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine de Goldcliff, in confirmation of donations by "Robertus de Candos" during the reign of King Henry I for the soul of "uxoris sue Isabel et filiorum suorum" by charter dated [Jan/Aug] 1153[693]. m ISABELLE d´Arques, daughter of GODEFROI Giffard Vicomte d'Arques & his wife --- de Rouen. The Historia cœnobiii Mortui-Maris records that "Robertus de Candos, Gisortii castellanus et Isabella eius uxor, Walteri Giffardi Longævillæ comitis soror" built the monastery of "Bellomonte in Wilcassino Normannico" in 1130 and was buried there "cum quodam filiorum…primogenitus"[694]. Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed donations to Goldcliff priory by "Robertus de Candos" for the soul of "uxoris sue Isabel et filiorum suorum", confirmed by "Rannulfus", and another donation by "Isabel…de Candos et Robertus filius eius…concessione Walteri filii predicte Isabel" by charter dated to [1153/54][695]. Robert & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT de Chandos . Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed donations to Goldcliff priory by "Robertus de Candos" for the soul of "uxoris sue Isabel et filiorum suorum", confirmed by "Rannulfus", and another donation by "Isabel…de Candos et Robertus filius eius…concessione Walteri filii predicte Isabel" by charter dated to [1153/54][696].

b) WALTER de Chandos (-after 1166). Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed donations to Goldcliff priory by "Robertus de Candos" for the soul of "uxoris sue Isabel et filiorum suorum", confirmed by "Rannulfus", and another donation by "Isabel…de Candos et Robertus filius eius…concessione Walteri filii predicte Isabel" by charter dated to [1153/54][697]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus de Candos" used to hold one knight´s fee from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "Walterus filius eius"[698].

2. RICHARD de Chandos (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Ricardus de Champdos xl vii milites et dimidium" in Hereford in [1160/61][699]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Ricardus de Candos" in Herefordshire[700].

3. ROGER de Chandos (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Rogerus de Candos, Hugo de Candos" held two and one knights´ fees, respectively, "de novo feodo" from "Ricardus de Candos" in Herefordshire[701].

4. HUGH de Chandos (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Rogerus de Candos, Hugo de Candos" held two and one knights´ fees, respectively, "de novo feodo" from "Ricardus de Candos" in Herefordshire[702].

5. ROBERT de Chandos (-after 1211). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Chamdos xiii m et xxii d" in Hereford in [1167/68][703]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Chamdos" paying "vi l xi s viii d" in Herefordshire[704]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus de Chamdos" paying "xiiii l xl d" in Herefordshire, and also in Gloucestershire