Lotharingia was an entirely artificial political creation and its name an artificial composition. Emperor Lothaire I, son of the Carolingian Emperor Louis I "the Pious" became king of Lotharingia under the division of imperial territories agreed by the treaty of Verdun 11 Aug 843. The newly created kingdom covered a wide strip of land which stretched from the North Sea coast southwards to Italy, and included present-day Belgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Germany west of the river Rhine, the French provinces of Alsace, Lorraine, Burgundy and Provence, Switzerland and parts of northern Italy, as well as the imperial cities of Aachen, Pavia and Rome. The kingdom was divided between the sons of Emperor Lothaire after he abdicated in 855, the territory called Lotharingia then being restricted to present-day Belgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Germany west of the Rhine, the French provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, and Switzerland. Lotharingia was further divided between the East and West Frankish kingdoms in 870 following the death without direct male heirs of Lothaire II King of Lotharingia[1]. The 870 treaty sets out an apparently exhaustive list of the administrative entities which were allocated to the brothers Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks, cathedral towns, abbeys and counties. The boundary between the two parts was marked by the river Maas/Meuse and its tributary the Ourche in the south. This division proved to be a temporary arrangement, but it set the scene for conflict between France and Germany over Lotharingia which was to last many years. Lotharingia was in effect integrated into the East Frankish kingdom (Germany) after the death in 900 of Zwentibold, last independent king of Lotharingia, but this was challenged by Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks. After the deposition of King Charles III in 923, German influence in the territory of Lotharingia predominated. According to Thietmar of Merseburg, Heinrich I King of Germany secured the release of King Charles from prison and in return was rewarded with "the right hand of St Denis and the entire kingdom of the Lotharingians"[2]. For the rest of the 10th century, the Lotharingian question was a source of bitter dispute with the French kings who constantly attempted to invade Lotharingia to reassert control.

The duchies of Upper and Lower Lotharingia were created in 959 in response to local rebellions and in order to assert greater local control from Germany. At the outset, it is more accurate to describe the new rulers as "associate" dukes who governed under the central authority of Bruno Duke of Lotharingia (brother of the German king and also archbishop of Köln). In common with most administrative arrangements concerning Lotharingia, the division between the Upper and Lower duchies was artificial and poorly reflected natural, geographic, national and linguistic boundaries, although Upper Lotharingia corresponded roughly to the ecclesiastical province of Trier and Lower Lotharingia to the archbishopric of Köln.

The development of the counties which made up the duchy of Upper Lotharingia is best considered by first reviewing the Carolingian pagi which predated the formation of the kingdom of Lotharingia. These can be divided between the ecclesiastical provinces of Trier, Metz, Verdun and Toul, all of which lay within the archiepiscopal province of Trier:

· In the diocesis of Trier, Longnon lists eight pagi during early Carolingian times[3]. The pagus Bedensis was the largest, including the city of Trier itself, and developed into the Bidgau. North of Trier lay the pagus Carasco, which included the monastery of Prüm and formed the ecclesiastical doyenné of Kilburg. In the territory west of Trier, in what is now northern France, south-eastern Belgium and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, lay the pagus Evodiensis (around the town of Ivoy, now called Carignan, in north-east France, near the present-day border with the Belgian province of Luxembourg) which corresponded with the doyennés of Ivoy and Juvigny, the pagus Arrelensis (around the town of Arlon, the doyennés of Arlon and Longuyon), and the pagus Methingowe (later called pagus Mattensis, the doyennés of Mersch and Luxembourg, which Longnon suggests may formerly have been called the pagus Recensis). The pagus Saroensis (Sarahgawe) lay south of Trier, in what is now the German state of Saarland. North-east of Trier lay the pagus Maginensis (later Meginovelt or Meinfeld) and the pagus Trigorius centred on the town of Boppard, but these two pagi lay to the east of the border of Lotharingia in the German province of Franconia.

· Six pagi made up the diocesis of Metz[4]. From east to west, these were the pagus Blesensis, along the boundary with the diocese of Trier, the pagus Nidensis, and the pagus Mettensis, around the town of Metz itself. South of these, also from east to west, were the pagus Albensis, the pagus Rosalinsis, and the pagus Salinensis.

· The diocese of Toul included eight pagi[5]. The pagus Tullensis surrounded the town of Toul itself. The pagus Scarponensis lay to the north of Toul, around the towns of Dieulouard and Pont-à-Mousson, and to the west was situated the pagus Bedensis (different from the pagus of the same name in the diocesis of Trier). The pagus Barrensis lay further east around the town of Bar-le-Duc, and south of Bar-le-Duc around Ligny was the pagus Odornensis. South-east of Nancy, around the town of Neufchâteau, lay the pagus Solecensis, as well as the pagus Suentensis (later the county of Saintois), and the pagus Calmontensis (Chaumont).

· The diocese of Verdun, west of Metz, included only the pagus Virdunensis and the pagus Ornensis[6].

The counties in the Upper Lotharingian duchy lie in the south-east corner of present-day Belgium, east of the river Ourthe, and in Luxembourg, in western Germany south of the Ripuarian counties (in the duchy of Lower Lotharingia), and in the area of north-east France which later developed as the duchies of Lorraine and Bar. Alsace is difficult to categorise. Originally part of the duchy of Swabia, under the 870 treaty which divided Lotharingia between the East and West Frankish kingdoms "…in Elisatio comitatus II…" were assigned to Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks[7]. However, the two Alsatian counties (Sundgau and Nordgau) do not appear to have been considered part of the duchy of Upper Lotharingia. To avoid confusion, the nobility of Alsace is set out in the separate document ALSACE which is grouped with SWABIA in the categorisation in Medieval Lands. Separate documents show the dukes of LORRAINE, the counts and dukes of BAR, and the counts of LUXEMBOURG. Other counts are referred to in contemporary primary source documentation without reference to their geographical counties, so cannot be categorised geographically: these individuals are set out in the Lotharingian chapter of the document GERMANY EARLY NOBILITY. The present document shows the remaining early medieval counties in Upper Lotharingia. These are all small counties, some of which were short-lived and whose boundaries are difficult to define precisely. Assignment of counts to these counties was in many cases of short duration, with many changes and exchanges of territories (including between the Lower and Upper Lotharingian duchies) which renders satisfactory reconstruction of the comital families challenging. What is clear is that a finite group of local higher nobility enjoyed power in both Upper and Lower Lotharingia and were linked by family relationships many of which will never be identified precisely because of insufficient information in surviving primary sources. Onomastics is of some use in identifying possible connections, but the number of permutations through both male and female lines is generally too numerous to render precise identification anything other than speculative. This difficulty is increased because of the changes in comital assignments which make it impossible to assess with any accuracy the extent to which appointments were hereditary within the same families.

Another important question is whether the counts in these minor Upper Lotharingian counties were counts "of" the counties (implying territorial exclusivity) or counts "in" the counties (which could involve some form of territorial division within each county). In other words, the extent to which the "county" in early medieval times represented a coherent administrative unit with recognised jurisdictional and territorial boundaries. The conclusion that a particular count "ruled" a particular county is based in many cases on a single phrase in a contemporary charter which asserts that a specific property was located (for example) "in pago Bedensi in comitatu Otthonis", in accordance with the generally used formulation. However, this description does not guarantee that (in this case) Comte Otto ruled in all parts of "pagus Bedensis". In fact, the wording could also be interpreted as indicating that his jurisdiction was limited to the area surrounding his castle, which happened to include the property in question. In addition, many cases can be found where an individual count is recorded in charters in more than one county at approximately the same time. Research into the early pagi and counties in neighbouring Saxony and Franconia (see the documents GERMANY EARLY NOBILITY, SAXONY, and FRANCONIA) suggests that more than one count ruled at the same time in the larger counties, the counties of Grabfeld and Wormsgau being the obvious examples. This suggests that calling the local divisions "counties", as if they constituted fully functioning administrative units under a single central authority, may misrepresent the situation. Unfortunately there is insufficient surviving primary source data to provide a definitive answer to this question, but it is undoubtedly one which deserves further research.

The Upper Lotharingian counties which evolved in south-east Belgium and Luxembourg were Arlon, Woevre ("Wavrense comitatus II" in the 870 treaty, assumed to be Matensis/Methingowe and Ivois) in which the counties of Chiny and Longwy emerged in the early 11th century, and the county of Luxembourg, which evolved from the western German county of Bidgau ("Bedagowa" in the 870 treaty) which straddled both banks of the river Mosel and included the cathedral city of Trier and the abbeys of Echternach, Prüm and St Maximin. The other Upper Lotharingian counties situated in western Germany were Bliesgau ("Blesitchowa" in the 870 treaty) in which the counties of Bliescastel and Hüneburg developed in the early 12th century, Lower Saargau ("Sarachowa subterior" in the 870 treaty) also called the county of Waldervinga or Rizzigau, which developed into the county of Saarbrücken in the 12th century, Mayenfeld ("Megenensium" in the 870 treaty), Niedgau ("Nitachowa" in the 870 treaty), and Upper Saargau ("Sarachowa superior" in the 870 treaty). Much of the German land in Upper Lotharingia was gradually transferred to ecclesiastical administration, under the jurisdiction either of the archbishopric of Trier or local monasteries.

The largest part of Upper Lotharingia was located in what is now French territory. The counties of Castres ("Castricium" in the 870 treaty), Dormois ("Dulmense" in the 870 treaty) in which the county of Grandpré emerged in the early 11th century, Mouzon ("Mosminse" in the 870 treaty), and Woevre ("Wavrense") in which the counties of Chiny, Ivois (previously the pagus Evodiensis) and Longwy evolved, lay south of the present Belgian border, north and east of the French county of Champagne. South of this area lay the counties of Verdun ("Viridunense" in the 870 treaty) and Bar ("Barrense" in the 870 treaty), the latter becoming a separate duchy in 1354 long after Upper Lotharingia had ceased to exist as an entity. East of Verdun was the city and county of Metz ("civitatem Mettis…et comitatu Moslensi" in the 870 treaty). South of Metz lay the counties of Charpeigne ("Scarponinse" in the 870 treaty) in which the abbey of Gorze was located, Chaumont ("Calmontis" in the 870 treaty) which included the towns of Epinal, Nancy and Lunéville where the counties of Brixey, Mortagne and Sorcy developed in the 11th century, Saintois ("Suentisium" in the 870 treaty) in which the county of Vaudémont developed in the late 11th century, and Toul ("Tullense aliud Odornense" in the 870 treaty). The counties of Saulnois ("Seline" in the 870 treaty) and Soulossois ("Solocense" in the 870 treaty) were located in the eastern part of the territory which later developed into the duchy of Lorraine. In addition, there is the county of Ornois ("Odornense" in the 870 treaty) for which several possible locations have been identified. No named counts have been identified in the other Upper Lotharingian counties of Albensis ("Albechowa" in the 870 treaty), Bassigny ("Basiniacum" in the 870 treaty), Emaus ("Emaus" in the 870 treaty), Perthes ("Portense" in the 870 treaty), Salins ("Scudingum" in the 870 treaty), Sermorens ("Salmoringum" in the 870 treaty), and Varais ("Warasch" in the 870 treaty).

By categorising the Lotharingian counties geographically, one should not lose sight of the powerful authority of a handful of noble families which acquired territories scattered throughout the whole area of the ancient kingdom of Lotharingia and whose influence was paramount in the development of the territory and on the wider international political scene in western Europe. Of particular note are:

the Matfried family which dominated the west German Ripuarian counties in Lower Lotharingia from the 9th century and extended their influence southwards into Bidgau, Woevre, Bliesgau and Chaumont, and especially the county of Metz in Upper Lotharingia, and whose descendants eventually succeeded as dukes of Lorraine, the duchy which evolved from the rump of the duchy of Upper Lotharingia.
the Reginar family which extended their centre of activity from the Maasgau into the county of Hainaut, which were both located in the duchy of Lower Lotharingia, and whose descendants ruled the duchy of Brabant which emerged in the late 12th century.
the descendants of Wigerich [III] who ruled Bidgau in Upper Lotharingia but extended their influence westwards to Ardenne and southwards to Verdun, and ruled as dukes in both Upper and Lower Lotharingia, until the extinction of the two branches of the family in the male line in 1033 and 1076.
less well-known, and less long-lasting, was the power-base of Ansfrid [II], count of Hesbaie, Huy and Teisterbant in the latter part of the 11th century, and whose paternal uncle held fifteen different counties according to Thietmar, although both the uncle's precise identity and the identity of his counties are uncertain.
the family of the counts of Holland, which increased their power-base by acquiring control over many of the counties in the former duchy of Frisia.
the descendants of Siegfried, whose original power-base was Bidgau but who acquired Luxembourg and large areas in Ardenne, and who eventually were elevated to the imperial throne, and as a result of judicious dynastic marriages extended their control to Bohemia in the early 14th century and Hungary in the late 14th century, until their extinction in the senior male line in 1437.

Another important factor in the development of the duchies of both Upper and Lower Lotharingia was the gradual acquisition of temporal power and territory by the archbishoprics of Köln and Trier, and the bishoprics of Cambrai, Liège, Metz, Toul, Utrecht and Verdun. This resulted in the suppression of many previously autonomous and powerful counties (for example Verdun in Upper Lotharingia) and the splintering of the territories of others (particularly those in Ripuarian western Germany).

Chapter 1. COMTES d'ARLON

The origins of Waleran [I] Comte d'Arlon have not been traced. No references to earlier comtes d'Arlon have been found in the primary sources consulted. However, Arlon existed as a county from at least the late 9th century as shown by the treaty dated 8 Aug 870, under which Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks agreed the division of the Lotharingian territories, which allocated "…comitatum…Arlon…" to King Charles[8]. The county was subsumed into the county of Limburg in the late 11th century.

1. WALERAN [I] (-before 1032). Comte d'Arlon. Eberhard Archbishop of Trier refers to past donations by "comite Walrammo de Arlo et uxore ipsius Adelheide" in two charters dated 1052 and 1053, the second one referring to the confirmation of donations by "filiorum eorum Walrammi et Folconis" after the death of their parents[9], which appears to pull all the information together. The primary source which confirms that Waléran died before 1032 has not been identified: presumably it relates to a charter recording his widow’s donation to Trier (noted in the Gesta Treverorum quoted below) which has not been identified. m ADELAIS de Lotharingia, daughter of THIERRY Duke of Upper Lotharingia [Wigeriche] & his wife Richilde --- ([995/1005]-after 1032). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Adeladis comitissa Araeleonis" as daughter of "ducis Theoderici, soror Sigifridi [=error for Frederici] patris marchissæ Beatricis" (although the name of her husband is not specified), when recounting the story of her cubicularius having been bitten by a rabid dog[10]. The Gesta Treverorum records that "comitissa de castello…Aralunæ, mater...comitum Walramni et Folconis”, after her husband died (“marito suo defuncto”), donated her property to Trier, with the consent of her sons and daughters (“astipulantibus filiis et filiabus suis")[11]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names “Adela comitissa Arelung vel Areleonis...soror Sigifridi [error for Friderici] filia...ducis Theoderici” and her two sons “Fulconem et Galeranum” Eberhard Archbishop of Trier refers to past donations by "comite Walrammo de Arlo et uxore ipsius Adelheide" in two charters dated 1052 and 1053, the second one referring to the confirmation of donations by "filiorum eorum Walrammi et Folconis" after the death of their parents[12], which appears to pull all the information together. Her birth date is estimated very approximately in order to test the chronology of her descendants, bearing in mind her husband’s supposed date of death. Waléran [I] & his wife had [four or more] children:

a) WALERAN [II] d'Arlon ([1015/30]-after [1084/85]) One passage in the Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi records that "Adela soror Friderici ducis” [Frédéric [II] Duke of Upper Lotharingia] gave birth to “Fulconem et Gallerannum et filiam unam quam habuit Henricus de Liemborc, pater Pagani de Arluns”[13]. Their father’s name is confirmed by the 1052/1053 charters quoted below. Waléran’s date of birth is estimated very approximately to test the chronology of this family, bearing in mind his mother’s estimated date of birth and his father’s supposed date of death. The Gesta Treverorum names "Walrammi et Folconis" as sons of "comitissa [Adelheid] de castello…Aralunæ"[14]. Eberhard Archbishop of Trier refers to past donations by "comite Walrammo de Arlo et uxore ipsius Adelheide" in two charters dated 1052 and 1053, the second one referring to the confirmation of donations by "filiorum eorum Walrammi et Folconis" after the death of their parents[15]. Comte d'Arlon. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that the dowry of Waleran's wife was "dominium ultra Mosam prope Leodium" and that he constructed "castrum de Lemborch" on the site[16]. Archbishop Udo of Trier donated property to Trier St Simon by charter dated 29 Jan 1068, subscribed by "Theoderici comitis, Henrici fratris eius, Walrammi comitis, Folconis comitis, Stephani comitis…"[17]. “...Walaramnus et Folco comites fratres...” witnessed a charter of Egilbert Archbishop of Trier dated [1084/85][18]. ["…Walrammus et frater eius Volko comites de Arlo…" subscribed the spurious charter dated 1093 under which "Heinricus…comes palatinus Rheni et dominus de Lacu…uxore mei Adleide" founded the abbey of Laach[19], which provides no guarantee that the brothers Walram and Bolko/Foulques were still alive at that date.] The question of Waléran’s marriage is speculative. As explained in the document LIMBURG, there are two alternative cases which explain the ancestry of Hendrik [I] Graaf van Limburg. In Alternative (1), Hendrik would have been the son of Waléran [II] Comte d’Arlon. Consistent with this alternative, Waléran would have married Jutta [Judith] de Luxembourg, daughter of Frédéric Duke of Lower Lotharingia [Luxembourg] & his first wife Gerberge de Boulogne. One passage in the Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi records that "Gerberga soror Eustachii comitis, ex Friderico duce” [Frédéric de Luxembourg Duke of Lower Lotharingia] gave birth to “filiam Iuttam” who was mother of “Henricum de Lemburc”[20]. For consistency with the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines (which records that "Henricus Lembergensis qui ducatum perdidit" [referring to his loss of the duchy of Lower Lotharingia, see below] was "filius...antiqui Walerani" [no further precision in the text, presumably from a chronological point of view this refers to Waléran [II] Comte d’Arlon] and he had “filium...Paganum” who also claimed “ducatu contra Lovanienses”, as did “filius eiusdem Pagani Henricus” who married “filiam suam” to “tertio Godefrido de Lovanio” to settle the dispute[21]. This source does not name Jutta’s husband. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names her husband Waléran but not his wife, recording that [his mother] “Adela comitissa Arelung vel Areleonis...soror Sigifridi [error for Friderici] filia...ducis Theoderici” had two sons “Fulconem et Galeranum”, of whom Waléran “per uxorem suam” [unnamed] had "dominium ultra Mosam prope Leodium" and built “castrum de Lemburch”[22]. In Alternative (2), Hendrik would have been the son of his predecessor Udo Graf van Limburg and acquired an interest in Arlon by marrying the daughter of one of the brothers Waléran or Foulques as shown below. [Waléran [II] & his wife had two children]:

i) [HENDRIK [I] van Limburg (-1119). As explained in the document LIMBURG, there are two alternative cases which explain the ancestry of Hendrik [I] Graaf van Limburg. In Alternative (1), Hendrik would have been the son of Waléran [II] Comte d’Arlon. The two alternative cases, and the relevant primary sources on which they are based, are explained in the document LIMBURG.]

[- GRAVEN van LIMBURG.]

ii) [KONRAD von Merheim (-after 1088). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified.]

[- HERREN von MERHEIM.]

b) FOULQUES [Bolko] d'Arlon ([1015/30]-after [1084/85]). One passage in the Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi records that "Adela soror Friderici ducis” [Frédéric [II] Duke of Upper Lotharingia] gave birth to “Fulconem et Gallerannum et filiam unam quam habuit Henricus de Liemborc, pater Pagani de Arluns”[23]. Their father’s name is confirmed by the 1052/1053 charters quoted below. Foulques’s date of birth is estimated very approximately to test the chronology of this family, bearing in mind his mother’s estimated date of birth and his father’s supposed date of death. The order of birth of the two sons is uncertain: the source just quoted names Foulques first, the following sources name him second. The Gesta Treverorum names "Walrammi et Folconis" as sons of "comitissa [Adelheid] de castello…Aralunæ"[24]. Eberhard Archbishop of Trier refers to past donations by "comite Walrammo de Arlo et uxore ipsius Adelheide" in two charters dated 1052 and 1053, the second one referring to the confirmation of donations by "filiorum eorum Walrammi et Folconis" after the death of their parents[25]. Archbishop Udo of Trier donated property to Trier St Simon by charter dated 29 Jan 1068, subscribed by "Theoderici comitis, Henrici fratris eius, Walrammi comitis, Folconis comitis, Stephani comitis…"[26]. “...Walaramnus et Folco comites fratres...” witnessed a charter of Egilbert Archbishop of Trier dated [1084/85][27]. ["…Walrammus et frater eius Volko comites de Arlo…" subscribed the spurious charter dated 1093 under which "Heinricus…comes palatinus Rheni et dominus de Lacu…uxore mei Adleide" founded the abbey of Laach[28], which provides no guarantee that the brothers Walram and Bolko/Foulques were still alive at that date.] m ---. The name of Foulques's wife is not known. Foulques & his wife had two children:

i) FREDERIC d'Arlon (-bur Saint Hubert, Ardennes). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitem Fredericum et Beatricem" as children of "Fulco [filius Adela comitissa Arelesnis]", specifying that both died childless and were buried at Saint Hubert[29].

ii) BEATRIX d'Arlon (-bur Saint Hubert, Ardennes). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitem Fredericum et Beatricem" as children of "Fulco [filius Adela comitissa Arelesnis]", specifying that both died childless and were buried at Saint Hubert[30].

c) [--- d’Arlon . As explained in the document LIMBURG, there are two alternative cases which explain the ancestry of Hendrik [I] Graaf van Limburg. In Alternative (2), Hendrik would have married the heiress of Arlon who, in this case, could have been the daughter of Waléran [II], or of his brother Foulques, or of another otherwise unrecorded brother. m ---. In this Alternative case (2) concerning the ancestry of Hendrik Graaf van Limburg, no source has been found which provides any indication of the name of the mother of Hendrik’s supposed first wife. [--- & his wife had [one child]]:

i) [--- d'Arlon ). As noted above, there are two alternative cases which explain the ancestry of Hendrik [I] Graaf van Limburg. In Alternative (2), Hendrik would have married the heiress of Arlon, as confirmed by the Gesta Treverorum which records that "comitissa de castello…Aralunæ, mater...comitum Walramni et Folconis” [Adelais de Lotharingia, this person’s supposed paternal grandmother, see above] donated property to Trier after her husband died and that "huius comitissa neptem, filii filiam" married "Heinricus dux…Lempurch" with “castellum...Lempurch” as her dowry[31]. If it assumed for the purposes of Alternative (2) that the first part of this text accurately records this person’s parentage and marriage, the reference to her bringing Limburg to Hendrik must be incorrect as he inherited the castle from his mother’s family. m as his first wife, HENDRIK [I] Graaf van Limburg, son of [--- & his wife Jutta [Judith] de Luxembourg] ([before 1060]-1119).]

d) two or more daughters . Their existence is confirmed by the Gesta Treverorum which records that "comitissa de castello…Aralunæ, mater...comitum Walramni et Folconis”, after her husband died (“marito suo defuncto”), donated her property to Trier, with the consent of her sons and daughters (“astipulantibus filiis et filiabus suis")[32].

e) [daughter ([1015/30]-). One passage in the Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi records that "Adela soror Friderici ducis” [Frédéric [II] Duke of Upper Lotharingia] gave birth to “Fulconem et Gallerannum et filiam unam quam habuit Henricus de Liemborc, pater Pagani de Arluns”[33]. This text must be inaccurate: the daughter of "Adela soror Friderici ducis” (shown in other sources to have been the wife of Waléran [I] Comte d’Arlon, see above) would have been born in [1015/30], a date range which is inconsistent with Hendrik Graaf van Limburg being named in sources dated from 1081 to 1119 and the births of his children dated to [1080/95]. This information in the Genealogica must be incorrect concerning the marriage, although the question of the existence of this daughter (either unmarried or married to another husband) remains open: she could be identified as one of the unnamed daughters whose consent was given to their mother’s donation to Trier, as recorded in the Gesta Treverorum quoted above.]

Chapter 2. GRAFEN von BIDGAU

The Bidgau/Bietgowe (pagus Bedensis) was a territorially extensive gau situated in the duchy of Upper Lotharingia, straddling both banks of the Mosel river and centred on the cathedral city of Trier. It lay south of Eifelgau and east/south east of Ardennengau, both in the Lower Lotharingian duchy, east of Wabrensis (Woëvre) and north of Saargau and Bliesghau in Upper Lotharingia, and west of Nahegau in Franconia. In early medieval times its significance can be gauged by the important abbeys of Echternach, Prüm and St. Maximin all being located within its territory[34]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Bedagowa…" to King Ludwig[35]. Stefan, of the Matfried family, is recorded as Graf von Bidgau in the late 10th century during the reign of Zwentibold King of Lotharingia. However, after the disgrace of the Matfried family under Ludwig IV "das Kind" King of Germany, Bidgau passed to Count Wigerich. The family of the comtes de Luxembourg retained property in Bidgau in the 11th century but they are not recorded as Grafen von Bidgau after the early part of the century. They are, however, recorded as avoués/Advokaten of the abbeys of St Maximin and Echternach during this period, demonstrating the important role which they continued to play in the affairs of the county. The archbishopric of Trier progressively expanded its temporal power over large parts of the county and by 26 Jun 973, the date of a charter by which Emperor Otto II granted extensive lands north of the Mosel to Archbishop Theoderich[36], the county of Bidgau had virtually disappeared. An independent county is still recorded in the northern part of Bidgau, centred on the present-day Belgian town of Amel/Amblève a couple of kilometres north-west of Prüm, in the 11th century.

A. GRAFEN von BIDGAU

1. LIETARD [I] (-after 10 May 879). An agreement between Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks and his brother Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks dated Jun 860 names "nobilis ac fidelibus laicis…Chuonradus, Evrardus, Adalardus, Arnustus, Warnarius, Liutfridus, Hruodolfus, Erkingarius, Gislebertus, Ratbodus, Arnulfus, Hugo, item Chuonradus, Liutharius, Berengarius, Matfridus, Boso, Sigeri, Hartmannus, Liuthardus, Richuinus, Wigricus, Hunfridus, Bernoldus, Hatto, Adalbertus, Burchardus, Christianus, Leutulfus, Hessi, Herimannus, item Hruodulfus, Sigehardus"[37]. An agreement dated 14 Jun 877 of Emperor Charles II "le Chauve", presumably written with his own death in mind, names "Arnulfus comes, Gislebertus, Letardus, Matfridus, Widricus, Gotbertus, Adalbertus, Ingelgerus, Rainerus" as those willing to support the emperor's son if he travels across the Meuse[38]. Graf von Bidgau: "Hludowicus…rex" donated property "villam Fao in pago Bedense et in comitatu Leuthardi" to Kloster Gorze by charter dated 10 May 879[39].

1. STEFAN, son of --- (-after [900]). Comte de Chaumont: Arnulf King of Germany granted property "in pago Calmenzgouve in comitatu Stephani in locis…Granswillari et Rosieres" to "abbati Stephano" by charter dated 19 May 891[40]. Emperor Arnulf confirmed complaints by Arnaud Bishop of Toul against "comes Stephanus et Gerardus frater suus et Matfridus", on the intervention of "filii nostri Zuenzoboldi et Vikenindi ducis", by undated charter, marked as spurious in the compilation although there is no reason why the genealogical information should be considered inaccurate[41]. Graf von Bidgau: King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Piatahgeuue in comitatu Stefani comitis…Steinheim, Carescara, Oppilendorf, Bullendorf, Arenza, Maquila, Gladehch, Uffichine" to the canons of Echternach by charter dated 28 Oct 895[42]. Ludwig "das Kind" King of the East Franks confirmed an exchange of property between Kloster Fulda and "nobilis comes Stefan" with the consent of "germani sui Walohonis viri religiosi" by spurious charter dated 900[43].

1. WIGERICH [III] (-[19 Jan 916/919], bur Abbaye de Saint-Glossinde, Metz). "Zuendeboldus…rex" donated property to the church of Trier by charter dated 23 Jan 899 which names "Richquinus et Widiacus…comites nostri"[44]. He was given the right to coin money in part of the archbishopric of Trier in 902[45]. Ludwig "das Kind" King of Germany restored property taken by "Conradus et Gebehartus comites" to the church of Trier with the consent of "Wigerici comitis" by charter dated 19 Sep 902[46]. Graf von Bidgau: the monastery of St Maximin exchanged property "in pago Nedinse in comitatu Liutardi in loco…Burmeringas" for property "in pago Bedinse in comitatu Widrici…villa…Eslingis" with "Roricus" (vassal of Trier) by charter dated 1 Jan 909, subscribed by "Widrici comitis"[47]. Comte d'Ardenne. Comes palatii of Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks: King Charles III restored Kloster Süsteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus"[48]. Follow his hyperlink to “Comte d'Ardenne” for his marriage.

a) other children: COMTES d'ARDENNE.

b) GOZELON ([before 915]-[12 Oct 942/16 Feb 943]). His parentage is indicated by the charter dated 943 which refers to "Gozlines…miles…ex nobilissimis regni Chlotarii ducens prosapia" (the wording implying that he was then deceased) and the donation by "uxor eius Uda et filius eius…Regingerus" to St Maximin at Trier of property "Hunzelinesdorph", subscribed by "Ogonis abbatis, Friderici, Gisilberti, Sigeberti fratrum predicti Gozlini"[49]. As Frederic is known to have been the brother of Adalbero [I] Bishop of Metz, whose parents are known, it is assumed that all five individuals were sons of Wigerich [III] and Cunegonde (although it is also possible that some or all of them were uterine brothers born from the second marriage of Cunegonde).

i) other children: COMTES d'ARDENNE.

ii) GODEFROI (-after 3 Sep [998 or after], bur Gent St Peter). His parentage is proved by the charter dated 6 Apr 997 by which "Otto…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the rights of "monasterio super fluvium Mose" founded by "Gotefridi comitis nostrique fidelis…et coniux sua pro anime sui fratris Alberonis"[50]. Graf von Bidgau: "Bovo cum coniuge mea Engila" donated property "ex hereditate paterna…in villa Dundeva in comitatu Bedense cui Godefridus comes preesse dinoscitur" to St Maximin at Trier by charter dated 1 Nov 959[51]. He was installed as Comte de Verdun before [960]: "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[52].

1. OTTO, son of --- (-16 Apr after 978). "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[53]. Graf von Bidgau: "Udo cum coniuge mea Gisla" donated property "in pago Bedensi in comitatu Otthonis" to St Maximin at Trier by charter dated 978[54]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "XVI Kal Mai" of "Otto comes"[55].

1. HEINRICH, son of SIEGFRIED Graf [Luxembourg] & his wife Hedwig --- (before 17 Sep 964-27 Feb 1026). "Sygefridus comes" reached an agreement with Heinrich Archbishop of Trier by charter dated 17 Sep 964 which names "coniunx mea Hadewige, filiusque noster Henricus"[56]. The likely chronology of the other members of this family suggests that Heinrich must have been an infant at that time. The Annalista Saxo names "Teoderici Metensi episcopi et Heinrich postmodum ducis Bawarici" as brothers of "domnam Cunigundam, felicis memorie virginem", wife of Emperor Heinrich II[57]. Comte [de Luxembourg]. Herimannus names "Theoderico Metense episcopo et Heinrico Baioriæ duce Fridericoque comite" as brothers of "Adalbero clericus, reginæ Cunigundis germanus", when recording their rebellion against Emperor Heinrich II and deprival of Heinrich's title of Duke of Bavaria in 1008[58]. Vogt of St Maximin at Trier. His brother-in-law Heinrich II King of Germany appointed him in 1004 as HEINRICH V Duke of Bavaria but resumed the title himself in 1009. According to Gade, this was due to a dispute over the archbishopric of Trier to which Duke Heinrich was manoeuvring to appoint his brother Adalbert, in opposition to King Heinrich who feared that too much power would accrue to the Luxembourg family[59]. Graf von Bidgau: "Everbero ex nobili prosapia origen" donated property "in pago Bitgouuensi in comitatu Henrici ducis in villa…Frenkinka" to St Maximin, at the request of "fratris sui…Wazonis qui monastica religione…est", by charter dated in the compilation to [993], but presumably dateable to after 1004 as Heinrich is given the ducal title[60]. Henri was reappointed duke of Bavaria in 1017, but lost the title after the death of Emperor Heinrich II in 1024. Thietmar records that "the empress…enthroned her brother Heinrich as duke of Bavaria" in 1018[61]. As "Hezzilo Duke of Bavaria", brother of Empress Kunigunde, he is recorded as the latter's adviser in Wipo's description of the election of Konrad II King of Germany in 1024[62]. He lost the title after the election of King Konrad II in 1024. The Historia Episcoporum Pataviensium et Ducum Bavariæ records the death in 1026 of "Heinricus dux Bavarie frater sancte Chunigundis"[63]. The necrology of Ranshofen records the death "III Kal Mar" of "Heinricus dux frater Chunigundis imperatricis"[64].

2. other children: COMTES de LUXEMBOURG.

1. GODEFROI [Gottfried] (-after 5 Jun 1040). Comte [d’Amblève]/Graf von [Amel]. A charter dated to [1035] records an agreement between the abbots of Metz Saint-Martin and Stablo exchanging various matters, made “apud Dinillam ubi colloguium...inter imperatorum Cuonradum et Heinricum regem Francorum”, witnessed by “Becelinus comes de Biendeburch, Godefridus comes de Amblavia, Gozilo comes de Engeis, Gerardus Flameus...”[65]. Heinrich III King of Germany confirmed properties of Stablo, including “sextam...de Amblavia et Tumbis a comite Godefrido de Zingeis”, by charter dated 5 Jun 1040[66].

2. BECELIN [Biliso] (-after [1040/44]). Graf [in Bidgau]. "Becelinus comes de Biendeburch, Godefridus comes de Amblavia, Gozilo comes de Engeis, Gerardus Flameus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1035] which records an exchange of property between the abbeys of Metz Saint-Martin and Stavelo[67]. Archbishop Poppo of Trier confirmed the donation by "comitem Kadelonem et eius contectalem Irmingart" of hereditary property "de chorte Prümizvelt" by undated charter, dated to [1040/44], subscribed by "Duci Godefrido, Adalberto de Musel, comes Becelinus…"[68]. Hermann [II] Archbishop of Köln donated property "in pago Saxonie iuxta villam…Cofbuockheim [et] curtim…Westhouuon…in pago Tuizihgouue super Rheni fluvii ripa" to Deutz abbey by charter dated 17 Jun 1041, witnessed by "…Biliso comite, Francone comite, Cristiano comite…"[69]. His name suggests a connection with Becelin Graf in Meinfeld, although primary source references to the latter are dated in the first quarter of the 11th century which suggests an unusually long career if they were the same person.

B HERREN von MALBERG

Malberg an der Kyll is today located on the northern outskirts of Bitburg, about 30 kilometres north of Trier. In early medieval times, the castle of Malberg lay in the central part of the county of Bidgau. The early members of this family held important positions in the archiepiscopal court of Trier as shown by their prominent positions in witness lists of charters issued by the archbishops in the 11th century. The prestige of the family is confirmed by Kuno [III] von Malberg signing two imperial charters in 1147 and 1157.

1. ADALBERO [I] von Malberg (-after 1061). "...Adalbero de Madelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1042 under which Poppo Archbishop of Trier granted exemption from navigation tolls on the Mosel to Trier St. Simeon[70]. "...Adalbero de Madelberc..." witnessed the charter dated 1052 which records an agreement between Eberhard Archbishop of Trier and “comite Walrammo de Arlo et uxore ipsius Adelheide”[71]. "Teodrici comitis, Adalberonis..." head the lay witnesses to the charter dated 8 Dec 1059 under which Eberhard Archbishop of Trier donated “villam in pago Meneueldensi...Pulicha” to St. Mathaus abbey[72]. "Bern. de Uirneburhe, Odelbreht de Stalle, Adelbero de Madelberhc..." head the lay witnesses to the charter dated 1061 under which Eberhard Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in villa Munzecha necnon Merkedesheim in pago Nahgouue in comitatu Emichonis” made to St. Simeon by “Hunoldus”[73].

Two brothers, the chronology suggests that they were sons of Adalbero [I] von Malberg:

1. KUNO [I] von Malberg (-after 1107). "...Cuononis et Adalberonis de Madelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1075 under which Udo Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in villa Olkebach” made to St. Simeon by “Hugo...de Hachenueles”[74]. "Heinricus palatinus comes, Walaramnus et Folco comites fratres, Cuono de Madelberch et frater eius Adelbero..." witnessed the charter dated 1084 under which Egilbert Archbishop of Trier restored “villam Platanam” to Kloster Oeren[75]. "...Cono de Madelberch et frater eius Adelbero..." witnessed the charter dated 11 Jul 1097 under which Egilbert Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in Elva et...apud Dunechinga...” made by “Poppo...s. Symeonis prepositus” to Trier St. Simeon[76]. "Reginardus Spirensis ecclesie canonicus" donated property to Trier St. Peter "per manus trium nobilium virorum Gundolphi de Bruneshore, Cononis de Mailberch et Alberonis fratris eius" by charter dated 1098[77]. "...Cunonis de Madelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 8 Dec 1106 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier confirmed hunting and fishing rights to St. Euchar abbey[78]. "...Cunone et Adelberone de Mathelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1107 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier founded Kloster Springirsbach[79].

2. ADALBERO [II] von Malberg (-after 1107). "...Cuononis et Adalberonis de Madelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1075 under which Udo Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in villa Olkebach” made to St. Simeon by “Hugo...de Hachenueles”[80]. "Heinricus palatinus comes, Walaramnus et Folco comites fratres, Cuono de Madelberch et frater eius Adelbero..." witnessed the charter dated 1084 under which Egilbert Archbishop of Trier restored “villam Platanam” to Kloster Oeren[81]. "...Cono de Madelberch et frater eius Adelbero..." witnessed the charter dated 11 Jul 1097 under which Egilbert Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in Elva et...apud Dunechinga...” made by “Poppo...s. Symeonis prepositus” to Trier St. Simeon[82]. "Reginardus Spirensis ecclesie canonicus" donated property to Trier St. Peter "per manus trium nobilium virorum Gundolphi de Bruneshore, Cononis de Mailberch et Alberonis fratris eius" by charter dated 1098[83]. "...Cunone et Adelberone de Mathelberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1107 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier founded Kloster Springirsbach[84].

1. BRUNO von Malberg (-after 1098). Chor-Bishop of Trier. "Reginardus Spirensis ecclesie canonicus" donated property to Trier St. Peter "per manus trium nobilium virorum Gundolphi de Bruneshore, Cononis de Mailberch et Alberonis fratris eius" by charter dated 1098, witnessed by “...chorepiscopus Bruno de Mailberch...”[85].

2. GOTTFRIED von Malberg (-after 29 Nov 1103). "Laici: Reinbolt et Gerlach de Isinburh, Godefrid de Madelberhc..." witnessed the charter dated 29 Nov 1103 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier granted privileges to Stift Münster-Meinfeld[86].

Two brothers, the chronology suggests that they were sons of either Kuno [I] or Adalbero [II] von Malberg:

1. KUNO [II] von Malberg (-after 1114). "...Cono de Madelberc..." witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which "Friderunis de Chunz" donated property to St. Euchar[87]. "...Cuno de Madelberg et frater eius Folco..." witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier donated property “in Liemena” to his cathedral[88].

2. FOLCO de Malberg (-after 1119). "...Cuno de Madelberg et frater eius Folco..." witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier donated property “in Liemena” to his cathedral[89]. "Laici: Walram comes de Arlon, Reinbald de Isinburk, Folko de Madelberk..." witnessed the charter dated 1119 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier donated “in villa Bachrecha...decimis” to Köln St. Andreas[90].

The precise family relationships of the following three persons have not been ascertained:

1. KUNO [III] de Malberg (-after 1169). "...Cuono de Malberc..." witnessed the charter dated 1140 under which Alberto Archbishop of Trier confirmed donations to Trier St. Maria[91]. "...Reimbaldus de Isenburg, Cuno de Malber" witnessed the charter dated 4 Jan 1147 under which Konrad III King of Germany settled a dispute between Albero Archbishop of Trier and Henri Comte de Namur concerning St. Maximin abbey[92]. "...Cono de Maleberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1152 under which Hillin Archbishop of Trier acknowledged the rights of the Grafen von Sayn[93]. "...Sifridus comes de Vianna, Arnoldus de Sercha, Cuno de Malberg..." witnessed the charter dated 29 Oct 1156 under which Hillin Archbishop of Trier confirmed the foundation of Arnstein abbey[94]. "...Cuno de Malberc, Wiricus de Bettingen, Arnoldus de Seric..." witnessed the charter dated 6 Jan 1157 under which Emperor Friedrich I confirmed St. Maximin abbey to Hillin Archbishop of Köln[95]. Hillin Archbishop of Trier confirmed various donations to Kloster Claustrum, including “terras...in Rodebush consensu Chononis de Malberh” and donations of “usuaria ...in Honcheit” made by "comes Conradus et Fulcho de Malberch et Theobaldus de Bettingen et Henricus de Kerpene", by charter dated 1157[96]. "...Gerlacus comes de Veldenze, Cuno de Malberch..." witnessed the charter dated 9 Mar 1158 which records an exchange of property between Worms Cathedral and Hillin Archbishop of Trier[97]. "...Emicho comes de Veldenza, Cuno de Malberch..." witnessed the charter dated Jun 1159 under which Hillin Archbishop of Trier confirmed the rights of St. Euchar abbey[98].

2. KUNO [IV] von Malberg (-after 1174). "...iunior Cuno de Malberch..." witnessed the charter dated 1169 under which Henri Comte de Luxembourg confirmed property of Kloster Claustrum[99]. "Sifridus comes de Vienna advocatus ecclesie, Fredericus frater ipsius comes de Salmene, Cuno de Hure, Cuno de Malberch…" witnessed the charter dated 1171 under which Robert Abbot of Prüm incorporated Jüsten in the abbey’s properties[100]. "Chono de Malberch, Wirricus Mafredus et Henricus de Numagia…" witnessed the charter dated 1174 under which Arnold Archbishop of Trier confirmed the agreement between “Theodericus Friderici de Ponte filius” and Kloster Himmelrode concerning “ville Cordule...decima”[101].

3. ADALHARD von Malberg (-after [1169]). "Iohannes...ecclesie s. Petri Treuiris decanus et archidiaconus" confirmed that “bone memorie Theodericus cognatus meus de Broch” had donated “censum...pro manso Bovonis” to Kloster Klaustrum, with the consent of “uxoris sue Ide et filiorum suorum Theoderici et Godefridi” who confirmed the donation the day of his burial, by charter dated to [1169] witnessed by “...Alardus de Malberch...”[102].

Two brothers, parents not identified. Their different geographical epithets suggest that they may not have shared the same father:

1. RUDOLF [I] von Malberg (-[1204/09]). "Luthewicus miles...de Dudensuelt et uxor sua Ida" donated land “in...Ernistbure” to St. Thomas, later confirmed by “Radolfo de Mathelberch, Nicolao de Bettingen”, by charter dated 27 Jun 1185[103]. "Luthewicus Treuerensium civis et advocatus..." sold property to St. Thomas by charter dated 1186 in the presence of “Radolfo de Mathelberch et Heinrico fratre eius de Burensheim”[104]. "Laicis: Godefrido comite de Virnburch, Reinbaldo et Gerlaco de Ysenburch, Rudolpho de Malberch" witnessed the charter dated 1192 under which Johann Archbishop of Trier restored property to Stift Carden[105]. Epternach abbey requested Emperor Heinrich VI to intervene relating to exchange of property with the archbishopric of Trier, naming "domnus Brunicho de Malberch et domnus Rudolfus" among donors[106]. "Rudolfus de Malberc, Didericus de Bruch, Henricus de Dune, Fridericus de Merle, Jacobus de Dune..." witnessed the charter dated to [1191/96] under which Johann Archbishop of Trier mortgaged property to “Wernhero de Bonlanden”[107]. “Nobiles: Johannes de Moncleir, Rodulfus de Malberch, Tirricus de Bruche...” witnessed the charter dated 1200 under which Johann Archbishop of Trier donated “ecclesie de Peirla...cum jus patronatus ecclesie de Oftendinc” to his church[108]. Herr von Malberg. Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster St Thomas an der Kyll of property "in Yrsowe…[et] ius patronatus in ecclesia de Nidenbuch" made by "Rodulfus dominus castri de Malberch…et uxor eius Ida", in the presence of "genero suo Theoderico de Are et filia sua Agnete uxore prefati Th", by charter dated 1204[109]. m (after [1169]) as her second husband, IDA, widow of DIETRICH [I] von Broich, daughter of --- (-after 1204). "Iohannes...ecclesie s. Petri Treuiris decanus et archidiaconus" confirmed that “bone memorie Theodericus cognatus meus de Broch” had donated “censum...pro manso Bovonis” to Kloster Klaustrum, with the consent of “uxoris sue Ide et filiorum suorum Theoderici et Godefridi” who confirmed the donation the day of his burial, by charter dated to [1169][110]. Philipp Archbishop of Köln confirmed the donation of property at Auenheim made to Kloster Rolandswerth by "domina Uda de Brucha et filii eius Theodericus, Euerwinus, Herimannus et domina Aleidis" by charter dated 1187[111]. Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster St Thomas an der Kyll of property "in Yrsowe…[et] ius patronatus in ecclesia de Nidenbuch" made by "Rodulfus dominus castri de Malberch…et uxor eius Ida", in the presence of "genero suo Theoderico de Are et filia sua Agnete uxore prefati Th", by charter dated 1204[112]. The co-identity of the wife of Rudolf von Malberg and the mother of Dietrich [II] von Broich is confirmed by the charter dated Jun 1230 under which [her daughter] "Agnes domina de Malberch" pledged "decimam in Ruzporth et Wolkene" to the archbishop of Trier, witnessed by "Theoderico marito meo, Theoderico fratre meo de Bruche…"[113]. Rudolf [I] & his wife had one child:

a) AGNES von Malberg (-after 1239). Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster St Thomas an der Kyll of property "in Yrsowe…[et] ius patronatus in ecclesia de Nidenbuch" made by "Rodulfus dominus castri de Malberch…et uxor eius Ida", in the presence of "genero suo Theoderico de Are et filia sua Agnete uxore prefati Th", by charter dated 1204[114]. Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed that "Simon de Ettering vir nobilis" renounced “ecclesiam de Lonniche”, held from “domina Agnes de Malberch” and with her consent, by charter dated 1209, witnessed by “...Henricus et Euerhardus fratres de Malberch, Theodericus predicte Agnetis maritus”[115]. "Theodericus et Agnes domini de Mailberch" donated property "ad me Agnetem…ex paterna hereditate…Nydenburch et Wych" to Kloster St Thomas by charter dated 1224[116]. "Agnes domina de Malberch" pledged "decimam in Ruzporth et Wolkene" to the archbishop of Trier by charter dated Jun 1230, witnessed by "Theoderico marito meo, Theoderico fratre meo de Bruche…"[117]. "Agnes domina de Malberch" pledged property in Ehlenz, Stedem and Hinkel, with the consent of "Theoderici mariti mei", by charter dated Nov 1233[118]. "Theodericus et Agnes de Malberch" renounced claims to property of Himmerode abbey by charter dated 1239[119]. m (before 1204) DIETRICH von Ahr, son of GERHARD Graf von Ahr & his wife Antigone --- (-after 1239). Herr von Malberg.

2. HEINRICH von Burensheim (-after 1186). "Luthewicus Treuerensium civis et advocatus..." sold property to St. Thomas by charter dated 1186 in the presence of “Radolfo de Mathelberch et Heinrico fratre eius de Burensheim”[120].

Two brothers. Parents not identified, but their presence as witnesses in the 1209 charter quoted below suggests that they were closely related to Rudolf [I] von Malberg:

1. HEINRICH von Malberg (-after 1209). Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed that "Simon de Ettering vir nobilis" renounced “ecclesiam de Lonniche”, held from “domina Agnes de Malberch” and with her consent, by charter dated 1209, witnessed by “...Henricus et Euerhardus fratres de Malberch, Theodericus predicte Agnetis maritus”[121].

2. EBERHARD von Malberg (-after 1209). Johann Archbishop of Trier confirmed that "Simon de Ettering vir nobilis" renounced “ecclesiam de Lonniche”, held from “domina Agnes de Malberch” and with her consent, by charter dated 1209, witnessed by “...Henricus et Euerhardus fratres de Malberch, Theodericus predicte Agnetis maritus”[122].

The precise relationship between the following individuals and the main Malberg family has not been ascertained. Their inheritance of the Herrschaft von Malberg suggests descent from a younger brother of Rudolf [I] Herr von Malberg (see above).

1. RUDOLF [II] von Malberg (-after 10 Aug 1257). Herr von Malberg. “Rodolfus dominus de Mailberg” confirmed the rights of Himmelrode abbey in “in silva de Hoenscheid” which had been donated by “predecessorum nostrorum dominorum de Mailberg” by charter dated 2 Oct 1240, witnessed by “nobilibus viris domino [...W.] de Meysinburch, Gerardo et Odone fratribus de Esch, de Bruche...” (the same charter is dated 2 Oct 1260 later in the compilation)[123]. “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243, sealed by “domini Theoderici de Bruche et domini Rudolfi de Malberch”[124]. “Rodulfus dominus de Malberch” confirmed the allegiance of “homines advocatie mee de Bethinvelt et Meruelt” to Himmelrode by charter dated 10 Aug 1257, in the presence of “domino Willikino et domino Richardo de Manderscheit...”[125].

2. ANNA [von Malberg] (-[Jun 1272/25 Jun 1274]). “Fridericus miles seu dominus de Riferscheyt et domina Anna uxor eius” sold property “apud villam de Leye” to Marienstadt abbey by charter dated Jun 1272[126]. “Fridericus dictus de Reuerscheit dominus de Malberg” confirmed property of Himmelrode abbey, for the soul of “Anne felicis memorie quondam uxoris nostre”, by charter dated 25 Jun 1274[127]. Her husband’s inheritance of the Herrschaft von Malberg, with which no earlier connection has been found in the Reifferscheid family, suggests that he could have been Herr von Malberg de iure uxoris. If that is correct, it is likely that Anna was the heiress of Rudolf [II] Herr von Malberg. No primary source has been identified which confirms the family relationship between them. m FRIEDRICH [II] von Reifferscheid, son of JOHANN [I] Herr von Reifferscheid & his wife Jutta von Isenburg-Kempenich (-[8 Apr 1277/17 Jan 1281]). Herr von Malberg, maybe de iure uxoris.

- HERREN von MALBERG (REIFFERSCHEID).

No primary source has been identified which confirms the relationship between the following family group and the preceding Malberg families. From a chronological point of view, it appears possible that Kuno [V] was the same person as either Kuno [III] von Malberg or Kuno [IV] von Malberg who are named above.

1. KUNO [V] “Magnus” . He is named as father of Bruno in the charter dated 1206 quoted below. m ---. The name of Kuno’s wife is not known. Kuno [V] & his wife had two children:

a) BRUNICHO von Malberg (-before 1206). He is named as son of Cono and father of Friedrich in the charter dated 1206 quoted below. Epternach abbey requested Emperor Heinrich VI to intervene relating to exchange of property with the archbishopric of Trier, naming "domnus Brunicho de Malberch et domnus Rudolfus" among donors[128]. "...Brunicho de Malberch et Merbodo frater eius..." witnessed the charter dated 1195 under which Gottfried Abbot of Wadgassen and Ludwig Graf von Saarwerden reached agreement concerning “advocatiam de Rorbach”[129]. m ---. The name of Brunicho’s wife is not known. Brunicho & his wife had one child:

i) FRIEDRICH von Malberg (-after 1218). “Arnoldus de Rupe, Theodericus de Brughe, Henricus de Manderscheid” settled a dispute between Himmelrode abbey and “Fridericum filium Bruniconis de Malberg...et patruus suus Merbodo” concerning “jus advocatie super...Harth et de Vallibus et de Septem fontibus”, specifying that the dispute had persisted since “tempore felicis recordationis Arnoldi archiepiscopi” and “Cono cognomento magnus...pater Bruniconis et avus hujus Friderici”, by charter dated 1206[130]. Dietrich Archbishop of Trier issued another charter dated 24 Nov 1212 relating to the dispute between Himmelrode and “Merbodonem et Fridericum nepotem suum de Malberch” concerning “advocatie...de Vallibus, de Hart et de Septem fontibus”[131]. “Merbodo de Malberch et Fridericus nepos meus” confirmed an exchange of property by charter dated 1218[132].

b) MERBODO von Malberg (-after 1218). "...Brunicho de Malberch et Merbodo frater eius..." witnessed the charter dated 1195 under which Gottfried Abbot of Wadgassen and Ludwig Graf von Saarwerden reached agreement concerning “advocatiam de Rorbach”[133]. “Arnoldus de Rupe, Theodericus de Brughe, Henricus de Manderscheid” settled a dispute between Himmelrode abbey and “Fridericum filium Bruniconis de Malberg...et patruus suus Merbodo” concerning “jus advocatie super...Harth et de Vallibus et de Septem fontibus”, specifying that the dispute had persisted since “tempore felicis recordationis Arnoldi archiepiscopi” and “Cono cognomento magnus...pater Bruniconis et avus hujus Friderici”, by charter dated 1206[134]. Dietrich Archbishop of Trier issued another charter dated 24 Nov 1212 relating to the dispute between Himmelrode and “Merbodonem et Fridericum nepotem suum de Malberch” concerning “advocatie...de Vallibus, de Hart et de Septem fontibus”[135]. “Merbodo de Malberch et Fridericus nepos meus” confirmed an exchange of property by charter dated 1218[136].

Two brothers:

1. BRUNICHO von Malberg (-[1263/70]). Herr von Malberg. Mathieu II Duke of Lorraine acknowledged that “dominum Brunique et dominum Cononem de Maberc fratres, tamquam de manuburnia” had sworn homage for “feodo” held by “Brunikes dominus de Faukemont” by charter dated 29 Dec 1238[137]. “Hugo comes de Parva Petra” sold “castrum meum d’Espizemberc” and his interests in “ecclesiis...sancti Deodati, Mediani monasterii et d’Estivay”, providing for “Johatam uxorem meam”, in the presence of “domini Cunoni de Fenstenges et domini Bruniconis fratris sui” to whom the duke granted Spitzenberg, by charter dated 4 Aug 1246[138]. m ---. The primary source which confirms the identity of Brunicho’s wife has not been identified. Brunicho & his wife had children:

a) HUGO von Vinstingen (-after 1304). Herr von Vinstingen.

- HERREN von VINSTINGEN.

2. KUNO von Malberg, son of --- (-[1259/62]). Herr von Malberg. Mathieu II Duke of Lorraine acknowledged that “dominum Brunique et dominum Cononem de Maberc fratres, tamquam de manuburnia” had sworn homage for “feodo” held by “Brunikes dominus de Faukemont” by charter dated 29 Dec 1238[139]. Herr von Vinstingen [Fénétranges]: “Hugo comes de Parva Petra” sold “castrum meum d’Espizemberc” and his interests in “ecclesiis...sancti Deodati, Mediani monasterii et d’Estivay”, providing for “Johatam uxorem meam”, in the presence of “domini Cunoni de Fenstenges et domini Bruniconis fratris sui” to whom the duke granted Spitzenberg, by charter dated 4 Aug 1246[140].

- HERREN von VINSTINGEN.

The family relationship between the following individuals and the main Malberg family has not been ascertained. The name Brunicho indicates that they were probably related to the family of Kuno [V] von Malberg.

1. WALTER von Malberg (-after 1243). “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243, sealed by “domini Theoderici de Bruche et domini Rudolfi de Malberch”[141]. The abbess of Kloster St. Thomas confirmed that “Walterus nobilis homo miles de Malberch...acedente tam coniugis quam filiorum et filiarum suarum” had sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[142]. m ELISABETH, daughter of --- (-after 1243). “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[143]. Walter & his wife had five children:

a) DIETRICH . “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[144].

b) RICHARD . “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[145].

c) WALTER . “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[146].

d) BRUNICHO . “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[147].

e) ELISABETH . “Walterus de Arinderoth et uxor mea Elisabeth et filii nostri Theodericus, Richardus, Walterus et Brunichu necnon et filia nostra Elisabeth” sold “decimam...in Arinderoth” to Kloster St. Thomas by charter dated 1243[148].

2. JOHANN von Malberg (-after 25 Apr 1254). "Jutta relicta bone memorie domini Johanni de Beydebure" confirmed the agreement between "dominum et maritum meum et fratrem meum Gerhardum dominum de Kempinich" regarding property “in Budindorp” by charter dated 25 Apr 1254, witnessed by “...F. dominus de Blankinheym, F. dominus de Sleyde, H. dominus de Rifirscheit, G. dominus de Dollendorp”, sealed by “Fredericus dominus de Milindunc et Johannes de Moylberch”[149].

FRIEDRICH [II] von Reifferscheid, son of JOHANN [I] Herr von Reifferscheid & his wife Jutta von Isenburg-Kempenich (-[8 Apr 1277/17 Jan 1281]). "Jutta relicta domini Johanni quondam de Ryferscheit et...Fridericus et Henricus, Johannes et iterum Johannes fratres et pueri dictorum nobilium" sold property inherited from "domini Theoderici et domine Adele felicis memorie nobilium de Kempenick" by charter dated 1258[150]. Herr von Bedbur. “Friderich der herre van Beddebure” confirmed that he and his heirs had been granted citizenship of Köln by charter dated 31 Aug 1264, witnessed by “her Wilhelm der greue van Gulege, her Wilhelm der herre van Vrenze, her Harpern der Herre van Louenberg, her Ruthgeir der vait van Kolne, her Wernere van me Rode...”[151]. “Fridericus miles seu dominus de Riferscheyt et domina Anna uxor eius” sold property “apud villam de Leye” to Marienstadt abbey by charter dated Jun 1272[152]. Herr von Malberg, maybe de iure uxoris. “Fridericus dictus de Reuerscheit dominus de Malberg” confirmed property of Himmelrode abbey, for the soul of “Anne felicis memorie quondam uxoris nostre”, by charter dated 25 Jun 1274[153]. "Theodericus dominus de Bruka” confirmed that Camp abbey owned certain property, with the consent of “domine Agnetis matris nostre...Burchardi, Frederici, Walrami et Adolfi fratrum...et sororum nostrarum...Agnetis, Sophie et Adale”, by charter dated 19 Nov 1274, sealed by “domini nostri Adolfi comitis de Monte necnon viri nobilis Frederici domini de Ripersceyt”[154]. “Fridericus dictus de Rypherscheit dominus de Malberch” renounced property exchanged property exchanged by “predecessor noster dominus Rudolfus quondam dominus de Malberch” in favour of Himmelrode abbey by charter dated 13 Jul 1275[155]. “Jutte vrowe van Bethbure” renounced rights over vines inherited from “die grevinne Mechtilt...zu Seyne” in favour of “Frideriche van Rypherscheit mime sone” by charter dated 1276[156]. "…Fridericus et Henricus frater eius de Ryferscheyt…" were among those who declared war against Sifrid Archbishop of Köln by charter dated 8 Apr 1277[157]. “Fredericus dominus de Bedebure...Henricus et Johannes de Riferscheyt fratres predicti Frederici...cum matre nostra...Johannes iunior frater...cum matre nostra” donated property to Kloster Campen, with the consent of “matris necnon...et fratrum nostrorum”, by charter dated Dec 1276[158].

m ANNA [von Malberg], daughter of --- (-[Jun 1272/25 Jun 1274]). “Fridericus miles seu dominus de Riferscheyt et domina Anna uxor eius” sold property “apud villam de Leye” to Marienstadt abbey by charter dated Jun 1272[159]. “Fridericus dictus de Reuerscheit dominus de Malberg” confirmed property of Himmelrode abbey, for the soul of “Anne felicis memorie quondam uxoris nostre”, by charter dated 25 Jun 1274[160]. Her husband’s inheritance of the Herrschaft von Malberg, with which no earlier connection has been found in the Reifferscheid family, suggests that he could have been Herr von Malberg de iure uxoris. If that is correct, it is likely that Anna was the heiress of Rudolf [II] Herr von Malberg. No primary source has been identified which confirms the family relationship between them.

Friedrich [II] & his wife had three children:

1. JOHANN von Reifferscheid (-before 18 Sep 1302). "Johannes de Beddeburc, et Johannes de Moylberg, filius quondam domini Fryderici de Ryferscheit militis" confirmed that, if "ex parte filiorum fratris mei Johannis de Beddeburc, videlicet fratrum meorum Johannis de Moylberg predicti, qui adhuc ad annos nondum pervenerunt", the Teutonic Knights at Gürath would hold “foresta...Greuenvorst”, by charter dated 19 Feb 1281[161]. Herr von Malberg. Herr von Falkenstein: “Jehans sires de Mailberch et de Faucompiere” witnessed the charter dated Jan 1290 (N.S.) confirming the freedoms of the town of Luxembourg[162]. "Johannes nobilis vir dominus de Riferscheit miles” granted jurisdiction previously exercised by Camp abbey to “villam parochialem de Ouwenheim”, with the consent of “Cunegundis uxoris nostre”, by charter dated 27 Jun 1290, sealed by “nepotis nostri nobilis viri Johannis domini de Mailberg”[163]. “Johannes dominus de Riferscheit et Kunegundis...coniux nostra cum Johanne filio nostro primogenito” donated property “in villa de Dreisse apud Reinbach” to Steinfeld abbey, and agreed to obtain the consent of “consanguinei nostri de Kempenich dominus Theodericus et frater suus Symon necnon et Johannes de Mailberg et frater suus Rudolfus”, by charter dated 20 Mar 1293[164]. Johann died before 18 Sep 1302 when his son Friedrich was invested with Malberg. m ([23 Apr 1281/Jan 1290]) as her second husband, CATHERINE Dame d’Audun, widow of ARNAUD de Mellier Herr von Falkenstein, daughter of --- (-after 5 Mar 1305). Vannérus interprets her family origin (“Awedux”, see the 27 Feb 1304 (O.S.) charter cited below) as “Audun”, which he suggests could refer either to Audun-le-Roman or Audun-le-Tiche (also called “Adicht”), both in the present-day French département of Meurthe-et-Moselle, arrondissement Briey, but suggests that Audun-le-Tiche is more likely as the Malberg family is later recorded as holding “Adicht”[165]. “Katherine Wittwe Arnolds Herrn v. Falkenstein” reached agreement with “Maha Frau v. Meysenburch”, concerning property “zu Boyheltre und Thatelar”, by charter dated 23 Apr 1281[166]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the Jan 1290 (N.S.) charter cited above under her husband. She married thirdly ([Sep 1302/27 Feb 1305]) as his second wife, Robert de Bissen. Vannérus records a charter dated 27 Feb 1304 (O.S.) under which “Robert chevalier sire de Beza et Catherine sa femme dame d’Awedux” donated harvest “à percevoir en la dîme d’Algrange” to Saint-Pierremont [near Briey][167]. “Katerine dame d’Awedeux” donated “la disme d’Oilegrange” to Villers abbey, for “lou greit de mes enfans...Jaquin signour de Baconpiere, et Ferri signour de Malberc, Boiémont et Katerine, dame de Mortehan” who named “monsigneur Robert sire de Besut nostre pairastre” who also sealed, by charter dated 5 Mar 1304 (O.S.)[168]. Johann & his wife had four children:

a) FRIEDRICH von Malberg (-after 1326). Herr von Malberg. Vannérus records that Henri Comte de Luxembourg confirmed his fief of Malberg to Friedrich by charter dated 18 Sep 1302 (no source cited)[169]. “Katerine dame d’Awedeux” donated “la disme d’Oilegrange” to Villers abbey, for “lou greit de mes enfans...Jaquin signour de Baconpiere, et Ferri signour de Malberc, Boiémont et Katerine, dame de Mortehan” who named “monsigneur Robert sire de Besut nostre pairastre” who also sealed, by charter dated 5 Mar 1304 (O.S.)[170]. “Rudolphus de Reifferscheid dominus de Mylendunck, Fridericus Joannes et Henricus filii bonæ memoriæ nobilis viri domini Joannis de Reifferscheit militis quondam domini de Mailberch” confirmed that “Rudolphus de consensu...dominæ Aleydis uxoris nostræ ac Friderici nostri primogeniti et...Fridericus, Joannes et Henricus prædicti” had donated property “in districtu nobilis viri domini Joannis domini de Reifferscheidt militis”, to which “domina Aleyde uxore nostri Rudolphi...et Gerardo de Stumbele milite cum Anna eius uxore nostra filia” renounced rights, to Campen by undated charter[171]. “Friederich van Rifferscheit heirre van Maelberg...Kolne Burgere” granted protection to the city of Köln by charter dated 14 Dec 1304[172].

b) JOHANN von Malberg . “Rudolphus de Reifferscheid dominus de Mylendunck, Fridericus Joannes et Henricus filii bonæ memoriæ nobilis viri domini Joannis de Reifferscheit militis quondam domini de Mailberch” confirmed that “Rudolphus de consensu...dominæ Aleydis uxoris nostræ ac Friderici nostri primogeniti et...Fridericus, Joannes et Henricus prædicti” had donated property “in districtu nobilis viri domini Joannis domini de Reifferscheidt militis”, to which “domina Aleyde uxore nostri Rudolphi...et Gerardo de Stumbele milite cum Anna eius uxore nostra filia” renounced rights, to Campen by undated charter[173].

c) HEINRICH von Malberg (-after 1363). “Rudolphus de Reifferscheid dominus de Mylendunck, Fridericus Joannes et Henricus filii bonæ memoriæ nobilis viri domini Joannis de Reifferscheit militis quondam domini de Mailberch” confirmed that “Rudolphus de consensu...dominæ Aleydis uxoris nostræ ac Friderici nostri primogeniti et...Fridericus, Joannes et Henricus prædicti” had donated property “in districtu nobilis viri domini Joannis domini de Reifferscheidt militis”, to which “domina Aleyde uxore nostri Rudolphi...et Gerardo de Stumbele milite cum Anna eius uxore nostra filia” renounced rights, to Campen by undated charter[174]. Herr von Malberg. “Henricus armiger dominus de Mailberch et Yrmengardis de Manderscheit coniuges necnon Johannes frater dicti Henrici” renounced rights over certain property in favour of Kloster Himmelrode by charter dated 22 Jul 1322, subscribed by “...domini Wilhelmi de Manderscheit soceri mei”[175]. “Henrich here zu Malberch ritter und Linse van Schoinecken vrouwe zu Usildingen und zu Malberch sine eweliche husfruwe” reached agreement with “Johane here zu Bollich und zu Usseldingen” about the dower of “frouwe Linse” after the death of “Johanne here zu Usseldingen” by charter dated 25 Apr 1357[176]. “Henri seigneur de Malberg chevalier, Lise sa femme, et Guillaume leur fils” sold harvest revenue from Messerich to St Thomas abbey by charter dated 31 Mar 1360 (N.S.)[177]. “Henri de Malberg et Guillaume son fils” sold harvest from Kilburg for St. Bernard, with the consent of “Jean de Brandebourg beau-frère du premier”, by charter dated 1363[178]. m firstly IRMGARD von Manderscheid, daughter of WILHELM Herr von Manderscheid & his wife ---. “Henricus armiger dominus de Mailberch et Yrmengardis de Manderscheit coniuges necnon Johannes frater dicti Henrici” renounced rights over certain property in favour of Kloster Himmelrode by charter dated 22 Jul 1322, subscribed by “...domini Wilhelmi de Manderscheit soceri mei”[179]. m secondly ([1346/49], retrospective Papal dispensation 10 Aug 1349) as her third husband, LISA von Schönecken, widow firstly of COLIN [II] [Bonifaz], and secondly of JOHANN Herr von Useldingen, daughter of GERHARD Herr von Schönecken & his wife Mechtild von Nassau ([1290/93?]-[24 Feb 1366/15 May 1378]). Follow her hyperlink for details about her first two marriages. Pope Clement VI granted retrospective dispensation for the marriage of “Henrico de Malberch milite” and “Lynsa de Schoneken domicella”, who had not known of her 3^o consanguinity with “prior Henrici uxor”, dated 10 Aug 1349[180]. “Lyse vrouwe zu Oiseldingen” transferred her inheritance from “hern Coline seligen uinserm ersten manne”, with the consent of “Henrichis herren zu Mailbert nhu unsers elichen mannes, ritters”, to “unsen kinden...hern Gerharde herren zu Schonecke, hern Johanne von Schonecke, ritteren, Feczijs unde Lysen, vrouwen zu Wilz” and of “vrouwe Jhenneten elicher husvrouwen hern Gerhardis vorgen[ant], junfrouwe Lucien elicher husvrouwen hern Gerhardis vorgen[ant] unde hern Godefridis herren zu Wilz elichen mannes Lysen vorgen[ant]”, by charter dated 28 May 1353 which names the other parties[181]. “Henrich here zu Malberch ritter und Linse van Schoinecken vrouwe zu Usildingen und zu Malberch sine eweliche husfruwe” reached agreement with “Johane here zu Bollich und zu Usseldingen” about the dower of “frouwe Linse” after the death of “Johanne here zu Usseldingen” by charter dated 25 Apr 1357[182]. “Henri seigneur de Malberg chevalier, Lise sa femme, et Guillaume leur fils” sold harvest revenue from Messerich to St Thomas abbey by charter dated 31 Mar 1360 (N.S.)[183]. A charter dated 1361 records “Johanne herrn zu Schoneck...un...Burchart herr zu Vinstingen und zu Schoneck”, sealed by “...frauwen Lysen von Schœnecke, Felzes herren Johannis bruder vurgen, Lutzyen Felzes ehewyne, herrn Godefridis herren zu Wiltze und Lysen sinre eewye”[184]. Wenceslas Duc de Luxembourg ratified an agreement, made 24 Feb 1366 (O.S.) between “Johann herrn zu Bolchen und zu Useldingen, unserm rade” and “Robin van Vyschpach her zu Everlingen...sine neve” about “der herschaft van Bübingen...na dem dode und leven der vrowen van Maelberch”, by charter dated 15 May 1378[185]. The ratification presumably followed Lisa’s death. Heinrich & his first wife had children:

- HERREN von MALBERG[186].

d) ANNA von Malberg (-after 11 Aug 1313). “Lodowicus dictus Walpode de novo castro vir nobilis miles et Anna filia nobilis viri quondam domini Johannis militis domini de Maylbergh uxor...Lodowici eiusdem...” confirmed a donation to Camp abbey made by “dominus Rodolfus de Riferscheyt miles dominus de Milendunc” by charter dated 11 Aug 1313[187]. m LUDWIG Walpode von Neuerburg, son of --- (-[1339/42]).

2. RUDOLF von Reifferscheid (-16 Apr 1329). “Johannes dominus de Riferscheit et Kunegundis...coniux nostra cum Johanne filio nostro primogenito” donated property “in villa de Dreisse apud Reinbach” to Steinfeld abbey, and agreed to obtain the consent of “consanguinei nostri de Kempenich dominus Theodericus et frater suus Symon necnon et Johannes de Mailberg et frater suus Rudolfus”, by charter dated 20 Mar 1293[188]. Herr von Millendonk, maybe de iure uxoris.

- HERREN von MILLENDONK (REIFFERSCHEID).

3. HEINRICH von Malberg . "Rudolphus miles de Ryferscheit ac dominus de Mylendunc" sold “bona mea de Wurme” to “nobili viro domino de Hensberg”, naming as fiduciaries “dominum Gerardum comitem Juliacensem, Johannem dominum de Ryferscheit patruum meum, Henricum fratrem meum de Moylsberg...”, by charter dated 17 Jun 1302[189].

Chapter 3. GRAFEN von BLIESGAU, GRAFEN von BLIESCASTEL, GRAFEN von HÜNEBURG

The county of Bliesgau lay east of the Saargau around the river Blies which joins the river Saar at Sarreguemines, at present a town in northern Lorraine on the border with Germany. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Blesitchowa…Sarachowa superior…" to King Ludwig[190]. In the mid-10th century, the counties of Bliesgau and upper Saargau were administered by the Folmar family.

The name “Bliescastel” later used by this family represents a compound of “Blies” and “Castel”, the latter being a castle at Saarburg which was acquired by the family.

1. EHRENFRIED (-after 14 Jun 904). "Matronæ Hildildæ" donated property to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 20 Dec 866 which names "Irimifridus et Sigiricus comites necnon et Guntbertus atque Hadabaldus"[191]. Graf von Bliesgau. "Adalgardi comitis, Erinfridi comitis, Cristiani comitis" signed the charter dated 1 Oct 877 under which "Liutharius" donated property "in pago Lobodense in villare Husa…Sahssenheim…" to Lorsch[192]. The Chronicon Laureshamense records a donation dated "877 Kal Oct" by "Liutharii" which is signed by "…Erinfridi comitis…"[193]. "Arnolfus…rex" granted property "in pago Bliesiggowe in comitatu Ereinfridi" to "nobili viro Folcwin" by charter dated 13 Jun 888[194]. Theotelach Bishop of Worms confirmed the donation of property "in pagis Wormatiensi et Nachogoue et in comitatu Werinharii comitis in villa…Ingelesheim" to Kloster St Cyriacus made by "Erinfrido comiti et Aldagundæ per manum Notingi nostri advocati" by charter dated 10 Feb 891[195]. Comte de Charpeigne: King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Uirdunensi in comitatu Rihuuini atque in pago Scarmis in comitatu Irenfridi capellam…Acei" to the monks of St Mihiel by charter dated 14 Aug 895[196]. A charter dated 14 Jun 904 records an agreement between Hatto Archbishop of Mainz and the abbot of Riamnis "in manum…suique advocati Burkardi…comitis" relating to property "in locis Wilheim, Pisinga et Vosinga", signed by "Adelbertus comes, Arnolfus comes, Cunradus comes, Erinfridus comes, Liutfridus comes"[197]. The Chronicon Laureshamense records an exchange of property between "Hattonis archiepiscopi et abbatis de Riamnis" dated "904 XVIII Kal Iul" witnessed by "…Erinfridus comes…"[198]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[199] , Ehrenfried was the father of Eberhard [I] Graf von Bonn (see the document LOWER LOTHARINGIA NOBILITY). The primary source which confirms this suggestion has not been identified. Considering the geographical distance between Bliesgau and Charpeigne (in the central part of the duchy of Upper Lotharingia) and Bonngau (in Lower Lotharingia), there must be some doubt about whether it is correct. m ADALGUNDE, daughter of ---. Theotelach Bishop of Worms confirmed the donation of property "in pagis Wormatiensi et Nachogoue et in comitatu Werinharii comitis in villa…Ingelesheim" to Kloster St Cyriacus made by "Erinfrido comiti et Aldagundæ per manum Notingi nostri advocati" by charter dated 10 Feb 891[200]. "Arnolfus…imperator augustus" made a donation to Worms cathedral of land in "Alceia et Scafphuson et Uluenesheim et Rogkenhuson" previously owned by "Erinfridi comitis et Adalgunde sue coniugis" by charter dated 9 Jun 897[201].

1. ODACRE [Odoacar] (-after [901/02]). Graf von Bliesgau: Robert Bishop of Metz granted property "in pago Blesinsi in comitatu Odacri comitis in villa…Letoltingos…" to Kloster Neumünster by charter dated 17 Feb 893[202]. King Zwentibold donated property of "…Odacrus…comes in pago Treuerens" to St Maximin, Trier by charter dated 28 Jan 897[203]. Regino records that in 897 "Stephanus, Odacar, Gerardus et Matfridus comites" had their honours confiscated, and the reconciliation of "Stephanus, Gerhardus et Matfridus" with King Zwentibold soon after[204]. Regino records that in 898 Zwentibold King of Lotharingia banished "Reginarium ducem…sibi fidissimum et unicum consiliarium" who went with "Odacro comite et quibusdam aliis, cum mulieribus et parvulis" to "Durfos" (near "Mosa fluvius") where they were besieged[205]. Regino names "Odacar comes" in 899[206]. Comte d'Ardenne 901-902. His name suggests a family connection with Baudouin Count of Flanders whose father bore the same name.

1. FOLMAR [III] (-[994/95]). The abbot of Gorze ratified acquisitions at “Flammereshem in Wormatie” by charter dated 14 Sep 977, subscribed by “…Folmeri comitis…”[207]. Graf im Bliesgau: "Otto…imperator augustus" made donations "in regno Lothariensi…Ernustesvuilere in pago Bliesichgoue in comitatu Volcmari comitis" to the Kloster St Gorgonius at Gorze in accordance with the last wishes of "Cunradus filius Ruodolfi quondam comitis" killed in battle with the Sarracens, by charter dated 26 Sep 982[208]. "Theodericus Dux, Folmarus Comes…" witnessed the charter dated 990 under which Hermann Bishop of Metz recorded the translation of St Clement to Metz[209]. m BERTHA, sister of BERENGAR Chorbishop of Trier, daughter of --- (-after 996). "Berta" donated property "in villa Rodena sita in pago Sarensi in comitatu Waldrauingensi" to St Ludwin in Metlach naming "defuncti coniugis mei Volkmeri" by charter dated 995 witnessed by "Wetel comes et nepos eius Wetel…"[210]. "Domna Berta, viri illustris Volcmari comitis relicta" donated property "in pago Moselensi in comitatu Waldeleuinga cui Gisilbertus comes…villa Mudenfert" to St Maximin, Trier "per manum advocati nostri comitis Henrici" naming "Beringerum fratrum suum S Treurice sedis corepiscopum" by charter dated 996 witnessed by "Friderich comes"[211]. Folmar [III] & his wife had [three] children:

a) [FOLMAR [IV] (-1026 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. He founded St Rémy at Lunéville.]

- see below.

b) [STEFAN (-12 Mar 995). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Bishop of Toul 994. The Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium records that “domnus Stephanus...nobili Parisiensium stirpe editus de Lineri villa” [Luneville] succeeded as bishop of Toul, held office “anno...et semis”, died “IV Id Mar...apud Bodonis monasterium” and was buried “apud Medianense cœnobium”[212].]

c) [RICHILDE . This origin is suggested by the charter dated 1076 under which Pibon Bishop of Toul granted privileges to the priory of Laître sous Amance, founded by "comitissæ Sophiæ", in which she declared that the castle of Amance belonged to "Theodericus dux, comitissæ avus" who had inherited it from "comiti Folmaro in Asmantia"[213]. No other primary source which confirms her parentage more precisely has yet been identified. m THIERRY I Duke of Upper Lotharingia, son of FREDERIC I Duke of Upper Lotharingia & his wife Beatrix de France ([962/72]-11 Apr 1027).]

FOLMAR [IV], son of [FOLMAR [III] Graf im Bliesgau & his wife Bertha ---] (-1026 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. The Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis records that "comes Folmarus senex" founded the monastery of Saint-Rémy at Lunéville[214].

m GERBERGE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[215], she was possibly Gerberge de Verdun, daughter of Godefroi "der Gefangene" Comte de Verdun & his wife Mechtild of Saxony [Billung] but the basis for this speculation is not known.

Graf Folmar [IV] & his wife had three children:

1. GOTTFRIED [I] (-before 1056). The Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis records that "comes Folmarus et Godefridus" donated property "ad Consengis" for the soul of "patris sui Folmari"[216]. "Godefridus et Hermannus Francorum Comites Catholici" installed nuns at Saint-Rémy de Lunéville by charter dated 1034[217]. m JUDITH, daughter of ---. The Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis records that "comes Godefridus" donated property "apud Priviliacum" and "comitissa Iudith" gave property "ad Bovengis"[218]. The source does not specify that Judith was the wife of Gottfried but this is a reasonable interpretation as the wife of Gottfried's brother Folmar is specified, and no other donor is named in the passage. Graf Gottfried [I] & his wife had two children:

a) FOLMAR [VI] . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Metz. 1055/75. m SUANEHILDE, daughter of --- (-before 1075). Graf Folmar [V] & his wife had two children:

i) FOLMAR [VII] (-25 Jun 1111, bur Lixheim). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Metz, Huneburg et Lunéville. He founded Lixheim in 1107.

- GRAFEN von METZ.

ii) GOTTFRIED [III] . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Bliesgau. 1075/98.

- GRAFEN von BLIESCASTEL.

b) GOTTFRIED [II] . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Vogt von Neuweiler. 1065/70. .

2. HERMANN [I] (-after 1034). "Godefridus et Hermannus Francorum Comites Catholici" installed nuns at Saint-Rémy de Lunéville by charter dated 1034[219].

3. FOLMAR [V] (-after 1075). The Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis records that "comes Folmarus et Godefridus" donated property "ad Consengis" for the soul of "patris sui Folmari"[220]. Graf im Saargau 1065. m SPANCHILDIS, daughter of ---. The Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis records that "comes Folmarus" donated property for the soul of "uxoris suæ Spanchildis iacentes ad Marengis"[221]. Graf Folmar & his wife had one child:

a) HERMANN [II] . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. [Vogt von Hornbach 1072/[1100]].

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the following members of this family have not been identified, unless otherwise shown below.

GOTTFRIED [III], son of FOLMAR [VI] Graf & his wife Suanehilde --- (-1098 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf im Bliesgau. 1075/98. Emperor Heinrich IV donated the abbey of Hornbach "in pago Blisengowe in comitatu Godefridi" to the church of Speyer by charter dated 1087[222].

m MATHILDE de Luxembourg, daughter of CONRAD [I] Comte de Luxembourg & his first wife Ermesinde de Poitou ([1165/67?]-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitem Guilelmum de Luscelenburg…et Ermensendem…et Mathildem" as children of "Conrado comiti de Luscelenburch" and his wife Ermesinde, specifying that Mathilde was "comitissam de Longui et de Homborc et de Castris" and that she was mother of "comitem Folmerum et sorores eius Helvidem, quam habuit comes Gerardus de Reneke dyocesis Herbipolensis et illam qua dux de Bronsviic genuit filiam, que in Sclavia hereditavit"[223]. Contrary to this passage in Alberic, other primary sources indicate that Guillaume and Ermesinde were children of Conrad’s wife Clementia. However, it seems improbable from a chronological point of view that Mathilde was also Clementia’s daughter. Considering that Mathilde’s son is named in 1087, it is unlikely that she was born much later than [1065]. If that is correct, Clementia would have been a centenarian when she died in 1142 if she had been Mathilde’s mother, which seems unlikely (although not impossible). It seems more probable that Mathilde was born from her father’s earlier marriage. One difficulty with this suggestion is that Luxembourg passed to the descendants of her sister Ermesinde, not to Mathilde’s descendants, after the death of their nephew Comte Conrad [II], which would only have been normal if Mathilde was younger than Ermesinde (unless some other family agreement had been reached).

Godefroi & his wife had [three] children:

1. GOTTFRIED [I] (-1127 or after). Graf von Bliescastel. 1087/1127. m ---. Gottfried [I] & his wife had [nine] children:

a) FOLMAR [I] (-1179 or after). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildem [de Luscelenburch]" as mother of "comitem Folmerum et sorores eius Helvidem, quam habuit comes Gerardus de Reneke dyocesis Herbipolensis et illam qua dux de Bronsviic genuit filiam, que in Sclavia hereditavit"[224], although the Chronicle appears to skip a generation in this account. Graf von Bliescastel.

- see below.

b) DIETRICH (-[1155/59]). Graf von Hüneburg. Landgraf im (Unter-)Elsass [1135]. "Matheus Lotharingorum dux et marchio" donated property "loco predium de Wulvelingen" to Kloster Stürtzelbronn, with the consent of "coniugis mee Berthe et Balduini fratris mei", for the soul of "progenitoris mei Symonis", by charter dated 13 Jan 1143, which names "Theodericus…comes…cum uxore sua Adelheide et filio suo Gotefrido"[225]. "Theodericus lantgravius et comes Volmarus de Castelle" are named in another charter dated 1155 which confirmed the prior donation of "Wulvelingen" to Kloster Stürtzelbronn[226]. m ADELHEID von Habsburg, daughter of OTTO [II] Graf von Habsburg & his wife ---. A Habsburg genealogy names "Wernherum et Adelheidem de Huneburg" as the children of "Otto"[227]. "Matheus Lotharingorum dux et marchio" donated property "loco predium de Wulvelingen" to Kloster Stürtzelbronn, with the consent of "coniugis mee Berthe et Balduini fratris mei", for the soul of "progenitoris mei Symonis", by charter dated 13 Jan 1143, which names "Theodericus…comes…cum uxore sua Adelheide et filio suo Gotefrido"[228]. 1155. Graf Dietrich & his wife had [four] children:

i) GOTTFRIED (-1175 or after). "Matheus Lotharingorum dux et marchio" donated property "loco predium de Wulvelingen" to Kloster Stürtzelbronn, with the consent of "coniugis mee Berthe et Balduini fratris mei", for the soul of "progenitoris mei Symonis", by charter dated 13 Jan 1143, which names "Theodericus…comes…cum uxore sua Adelheide et filio suo Gotefrido"[229]. Graf von Hüneburg. Landgraf in Alsace.

ii) OTTO . Graf von Hüneburg 1153/1181.

iii) [DIETRICH (-1182 or after, bur Werschweiler). Europäische Stammtafeln shows this parentage[230]: the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not been identified. Graf von Homburg. “...Theodoricus comes de Homberc...” subscribed the charter dated 1172 under which “Ludovicus senior comes de Sarwerden...et frater meus Ludovicus” confirmed the foundation of Wœrschweiler (Wernereswilre) abbey[231].]

- GRAFEN von HOMBURG.

iv) daughter.

c) GOTTFRIED .

d) GREGOR . Abbot of Prüm 1171-1179.

e) LOTHAR . 1175.

f) [daughter ([1130]-[1190]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildem [de Luscelenburch]" as mother of "comitem Folmerum et sorores eius Helvidem, quam habuit comes Gerardus de Reneke dyocesis Herbipolensis et illam qua dux de Bronsviic genuit filiam, que in Sclavia hereditavit"[232], although the Chronicle appears to skip a generation in this account. The likely birth date of this individual suggests it is unlikely that she was the daughter of Graf Gottfried [I], given the other dates attributed to his children. Until corroboration of her parentage is found in other sources, the accuracy of Alberic must be considered doubtful. Jordan clarifies that the name "Ida" attributed to Duke Heinrich's mistress[233] is incorrect, being an error deriving from Origines Guelficæ[234] which, in recopying from the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, miscopied the word "illam" as "Idam"[235]. Mistress of HEINRICH “der Löwe” Duke of Saxony [HEINRICH XII Duke of Bavaria], son of HEINRICH X "der Stolze" Duke of Bavaria and Duke of Saxony & his wife Gertrud von Süpplingenburg ([1129/30]-Braunschweig 6 Aug 1195, bur Braunschweig Cathedral).]

g) HUGO (-after 1173). "Folmarus comes de Castro et frater eius Hugo…" witnessed the charter dated 1173 under which Arnold Archbishop of Trier confirmed property to Kloster Himmerode[236].

h) [FRIEDRICH . Graf von Saarwerden. 1111/1131.]

- GRAFEN von SAARWERDEN.

2. FOLMAR . Graf von Hüneburg. 1105/1133. “Counradus Dux de Zaringen, Gotefridus comes palatinus de Calewo, Adelbertus Comes de Lewinstein fratruelis eiusdem Gotefridi palatini, Hugo comes de Tagesburc, Volmarus Comes de Huneburc, Willehelmus Comes de Lucelenburc, Addelbero Comes de Areburc et frater eius Herimannus et ipse Comes Counradus de Horeburc...” witnessed the charter dated 1123 under which Emperor Heinrich V [IV] confirmed the foundation of Alpirsbach monastery[237].

3. [HELWIDE . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildem [de Luscelenburch]" as mother of "comitem Folmerum et sorores eius Helvidem, quam habuit comes Gerardus de Reneke dyocesis Herbipolensis et illam qua dux de Bronsviic genuit filiam, que in Sclavia hereditavit"[238]. As noted above, there appears to be some chronological doubt about the accuracy of this report. In particular, it is unlikely that the mistress of Heinrich "der Löwe" Duke of Saxony could have been the sister of the wife of Gerhard Graf von Mainz. However, assuming that Helwide was a member of the Blieskastel family, it is chronologically probable that she was the sister of Graf Gottfried [I]. m GERHARD Graf von Mainz, son of --- (-after 1106). 1084/1106.]

FOLMAR [I] von Bliescastel, son of GOTTFRIED [I] Graf von Bliescastel & his wife --- (-1179 or after). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildem [de Luscelenburch]" as mother of "comitem Folmerum et sorores eius Helvidem, quam habuit comes Gerardus de Reneke dyocesis Herbipolensis et illam qua dux de Bronsviic genuit filiam, que in Sclavia hereditavit"[239], although the Chronicle appears to skip a generation in this account. Graf von Bliescastel. "Theodericus lantgravius et comes Volmarus de Castelle" are named in a charter dated 1155 which confirmed the prior donation of "Wulvelingen" to Kloster Stürtzelbronn[240]. “Folmarus…comes de Castel…et uxor mea Clementia” made declarations relating to Gorze Abbey by charter dated to [1152/60][241]. Hillin Archbishop of Trier confirmed an exchange of property "in pago Nahgove in archiepiscopatu Moguntino per manum Folmari comitis de Castele et advocati prædictæ curiæ" for property "in Nasove…in pago Logenæ" with the bishop of Worms, represented by "advocati maioris domus Symonis comitis de Sarbruke", adding that "prædictum castrum de Nasove" had been occupied violently by "antecessores Ruberti et Arnoldi de Lurenberg", by charter dated 9 Mar 1158 witnessed by "Symon advocatus maioris domus Wormatiensis ecclesiæ, Folmar comes de Castele, Cunradus comes de Cherberch, Hemico comes de Boimeneburch, Godefridus comes de Spanheim, Gerlacus comes de Veldenze…"[242]. “Folmarus comes de Castello et comitissa Mathildis mater uxoris meæ” founded Beaupré by charter dated 1161[243]. “...Folmarus comes de Castello et filii eius Folmarus et Hugo...” subscribed the charter dated 1172 under which “Ludovicus senior comes de Sarwerden...et frater meus Ludovicus” confirmed the foundation of Wœrschweiler (Wernereswilre) abbey[244]. "Folmarus comes de Castro et frater eius Hugo…" witnessed the charter dated 1173 under Arnold Archbishop of Trier which confirmed property to Kloster Himmerode[245].

m CLEMENTIA von Metz, daughter of FOLMAR [VIII] Graf von Metz & his wife Mechtild von Dagsburg. “Folmarus…comes de Castel…et uxor mea Clementia” made declarations relating to Gorze Abbey by charter dated to [1152/60][246]. “Folmarus comes de Castello et comitissa Mathildis mater uxoris meæ” founded Beaupré by charter dated 1161[247].

Folmar [I] & his wife had five children:

1. FOLMAR [II] (-before 1223). “...Folmarus comes de Castello et filii eius Folmarus et Hugo...” subscribed the charter dated 1172 under which “Ludovicus senior comes de Sarwerden...et frater meus Ludovicus” confirmed the foundation of Wœrschweiler (Wernereswilre) abbey[248]. Graf von Bliescastel. "Folmarus comes de Castris et Henricus filius suus…" witnessed the charter dated 1212 which Johann Archbishop of Trier issued relating to the church of Ittel[249]. m JUTTA von Saarbrücken, daughter of SIMON [I] Graf von Saarbrücken & his wife Mechtild ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. A close relationship between the Saarbrücken and Bliescastel families is shown by the charter dated 1223 under which "Simon comes Sarepont et…mater mea Lucardis comitissa in Wide" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "ducis cognati mei Walrami et filiorum suorum Henrici et Walrami et Henrici Gemini Pontis comitis patrui mei et…cognati mei Henrici comitis de Castello et…Lutheri comitis de Wide"[250]. The term cognatus, used in reference to three individuals in this charter, means “stepfather” in the case of Lothar Graf von Wied. It is suggested that “Henrici comitis de Castello” refers to Heinrich Graf von Bliescastel (no Graf von Castell named Heinrich has been identified at that period), maybe the son of the donor’s paternal aunt. Folmar [II] & his wife had four children:

a) HEINRICH (-1237 before 13 Dec). "Folmarus comes de Castris et Henricus filius suus…" witnessed the charter dated 1212 which Johann Archbishop of Trier issued relating to the church of Ittel[251]. Graf von Bliescastel. Dietrich Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation made by "consanguineus noster Henricus comes de Castris et…uxor eius Agnes" to Wadgassen abbey, with the consent of "Johannis filii sui", by charter dated 30 Nov 1232[252]. His family relationship with the archbishop of Trier has not been traced. m (before 1225) AGNES von Sayn, daughter of HEINRICH [II] Graf von Sayn & his wife Agnes von Saffenberg (-[7 Aug] 1259 or after). Dietrich Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation made by "consanguineus noster Henricus comes de Castris et…uxor eius Agnes" to Wadgassen abbey, with the consent of "Johannis filii sui", by charter dated 30 Nov 1232[253]. "Agnes comitissa de Castris" granted "medietatem castri in Hunolstein" to "genero nostro viro nobili de Salmis Henrico cum Loretha filia mea eiusdem H. uxore", with the consent of "comitis Seynensis domini Henrici fratris mei", by charter dated 9 Feb 1243[254]. "Megthildis quondam comitissa Seynensis" exchanged "medietate castri Hunoltstein" promised to “nobili viro Frederico domino de Blankenheim cum sua uxore” which he had not been able to possess, for “allodium meum...apud Saffenberg extra castrum et allodium...apud Arwilre”, following an investigation by “nobiles viri Philippus dominus de Wildenberg et Wilhelmus miles de Manderscheit” into revenues due to “A. quondam comitisse de Castris ad usufructum suum” when “dictus dominus F.” married, by charter dated 1 May 1248[255]. "Agnes comitissa de Castele" donated property "inter villam Gulse et villam Metrico" to Abtei Sayn, founded by "pater noster bone memorie Henricus comes Seynensis", by charter dated 1257[256]. [The necrology of Arnstein an der Lahn records the death 7 Aug of "Agnetis comitisse de Castro, que contulit nobis domum in Limpurgk"[257].] Heinrich & his wife had [eight] children:

i) JOHANN (-[1235]). Dietrich Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation made by "consanguineus noster Henricus comes de Castris et…uxor eius Agnes" to Wadgassen abbey, with the consent of "Johannis filii sui", by charter dated 30 Nov 1232[258].

ii) FRIEDRICH (-1236).

iii) ELISABETH (-1273 after 12 Apr, bur Graffenthal). Heiress of Bliescastel. "Elisabet comitissa de Castris" swore homage to the bishop of Metz, with the consent of "mariti mei Bertholdi comitis de Solce", by charter dated 26 Mar 1238[259]. Her second marriage was not recognised by the church, but a dispensation was granted after the death of her first husband[260]. m firstly (before 26 Mar 1238, divorced [1238]) BERTHOLD Graf von Sulz, son of HERMANN von Sulz & his wife --- (-before 15 May 1253). m secondly ([mid-1238]) RENAUD de Lorraine, son of FERRY II Duke of Lorraine & his wife Agnes de Bar (-end 1274). Seigneur de Bitsche, Graf von Bliescastel. “Rennaldus comes de Castris et dominus de Bithes” declared having named “dominum meum et fratrem meum Matheum ducem Lotharingie” in relation to a debt owed to “Johannem Lavis cives Metensem” by charter dated 1238[261]. "R. comes de Castris et dominus de Bittis" confirmed a division of territories between "dominus Theodericus et dominus Hugo fratres de Indagine" by charter dated 10 Nov 1241[262].

iv) LAURETTE (-Sep 1269). Dietrich Archbishop of Trier granted "castri…Hunoldisteyn" to "Metthildis et Loretta filie…consanguinei nostri Henrici bone memorie quondam comitis de Castris" by charter dated 2 Jan 1238[263]. Her first marriage is suggested by Richer who, in the passage quoted above, names Laurette’s second husband Heinrich both as “Henrici dicti de Salmis nepotis dicti Friderici" and as "nepote suo domino de Raiposteim"[264]. The editor of the Rappoltsteinisches Urkundenbuch indicates that Heinrich could only have been “Herr von Rappoltstein” through his wife, whom he suggests was born “von Rappoltstein”[265]. This suggested family origin is disproved by the 9 Feb 1243 charter quoted below. The most likely solution to the problem is that Laurette married firstly an unidentified “Herr von Rappoltstein”, who must have died before 1242. The fact of this first marriage is also supported by the charter dated 12 Sep 1274 under which “Ourris Sires de Rabbapierre” [presumably Ulrich [III] von Rappoltstein, Laurette’s supposed son by her first marriage] sold “que que j’avoie...en la contei de Castres [Bliescastel] de droit aretaige de part ma mere” to [the husband of Laurette’s older sister] “Renait de Caistres signor de Bites”[266]. "Agnes comitissa de Castris" granted "medietatem castri in Hunolstein" to "genero nostro viro nobili de Salmis Henrico cum Loretha filia mea eiusdem H. uxore", with the consent of "comitis Seynensis domini Henrici fratris mei", by charter dated 9 Feb 1243[267]. Heiress of Hünolstein, Bernkastel and Puttlingen. m firstly --- Herr von Rappolstein, son of [EGENOLF Herr von Rappoltstein & his wife ---] (-before 1242). m secondly (1242 before 12 Feb) HEINRICH [IV] Graf von Salm, son of HEINRICH von Salm & his wife Marguerite de Bar (-8 Jan 1292 or 8 Jun 1293). Co-heir of Bliescastel: “H. comes de Salmis, G. dominus de Limpurg, C. de Blankenheim et L. de Arnesperc coheredes comitatus de Castris [Bliescastel] castrorum et urbium...Putelinga et Geb---berc” reached agreement concerning their inheritance, with the advice of “H. comitis Geminipontis, H. et Jo. comitum de Spanheim et E. comitis Siluestris”, by charter dated [May/Jun] 1275[268].

v) IMAGINA (-5 Nov, before Apr 1298). “Gerlach Herr von Limpurch (an der Lahn), seine Gemahlin Imagina, ihre Söhne Johann, Gerlach und Heinrich, sowie ihr Schwiegersohn Heinrich Herr v. Runkel und v. Westerburch” agreed with “Friderich Herrn von Blanckenheim und dessen Söhnen Gerard und Arnold” concerning property previously held by “Gräfin Agnes v. (Blies-)Castel” at “Mensvelden und Metterich”, by charter dated 1267, sealed by “...seinem [=Gerlach v. Limburg] Bruder Heinrich v. Mulenarke und seiner Schwester Mehtilde Frau v. Dollendorp”[269]. "Dominus Joannes de Lympurgh ac Oda uxor nostra legitima" founded a chapel "in castro nostro de Lympurgh", for the souls of "Gerlaci patris nostri ac Imagine matris nostre, Elisabeth prime nostre legitime", by charter dated Apr 1298[270]. The necrology of Limburg Franciscan monastery records the death 5 Nov of "Imyna domina in Lymporgh"[271]. m GERLACH von Isenburg Herr von Limburg, son of HEINRICH [I] von Isenburg Herr von Cleeberg & his wife --- (-before 11 Aug 1289). Co-heir of Bliescastel: “H. comes de Salmis, G. dominus de Limpurg, C. de Blankenheim et L. de Arnesperc coheredes comitatus de Castris [Bliescastel] castrorum et urbium...Putelinga et Geb---berc” reached agreement concerning their inheritance, with the advice of “H. comitis Geminipontis, H. et Jo. comitum de Spanheim et E. comitis Siluestris”, by charter dated [May/Jun] 1275[272].

vi) MECHTILD (-after Jun 1258). Dietrich Archbishop of Trier granted "castri…Hunoldisteyn" to "Metthildis et Loretta filie…consanguinei nostri Henrici bone memorie quondam comitis de Castris" by charter dated 2 Jan 1238[273]. "Megthildis quondam comitissa Seynensis" exchanged "medietate castri Hunoltstein" promised to “nobili viro Frederico domino de Blankenheim cum sua uxore” which he had not been able to possess, for “allodium meum...apud Saffenberg extra castrum et allodium...apud Arwilre”, following an investigation by “nobiles viri Philippus dominus de Wildenberg et Wilhelmus miles de Manderscheit” into revenues due to “A. quondam comitisse de Castris ad usufructum suum” when “dictus dominus F.” married, by charter dated 1 May 1248[274]. "Fr. dominus de Blankenheym et Meitildis uxor eius heredes domine Agnetis comitisse de Castris" confirmed the donation of "patronatus ecclesie de Lussenich" to the Teutonic Knights made by "dictam dominam Agnetem comitissam de Castris" by charter dated Jun 1258[275]. m FRIEDRICH [I] Herr von Blankenheim, son of GERHARD [V] Herr von Blankenheim & his wife Jutta von Jülich (-after 1275). Co-heir of Bliescastel: “H. comes de Salmis, G. dominus de Limpurg, C. de Blankenheim et L. de Arnesperc coheredes comitatus de Castris [Bliescastel] castrorum et urbium...Putelinga et Geb---berc” reached agreement concerning their inheritance, with the advice of “H. comitis Geminipontis, H. et Jo. comitum de Spanheim et E. comitis Siluestris”, by charter dated [May/Jun] 1275[276].

vii) ADELHEID (-before 1272). “Godefridus...comes in Arnesberg” donated property to Kloster Wedinghausen by charter dated 1238, subscribed by “Godefridus comes, Alheidis comitissa...”[277]. “Godefridus...comes Arnesbergensis, Alheydis cometissa cum filiis eorum” donated property “Welscholt” to Kloster Welver by charter dated 1245[278]. "Godefridus comes de Arnesberg cum uxore nostra Alheydi et…Engelbertus comes de Marcha cum uxore nostra Cunegundi" donated "patronatus ecclesie de Lussenich" to the Teutonic Knights, for the soul of "quondam comitis Henrici Seynensis", by charter dated Jul 1258[279]. m (before 1238) GOTTFRIED [III] Graf von Arnsberg, son of GOTTFRIED [II] Graf von Arnsberg & his first wife Elisabeth --- (-1282).

viii) [KUNIGUNDE (-before 1265). Engelbert Graf von der Mark names "fratrem nostrum Ottonem comitem de Althena…uxore nostra Kunegundi" in a charter dated 1250[280]. There is some doubt about the family origin of Kunigunde. Levoldus’s mid-14th century Chronica Comitum de Marka records that Engelbert was “manburnus [regent?] comitatus de Tekeneborch” after the death of “uxore sua prima Cunegunde”[281], which suggests that she was related to the Grafen von Tecklenburg. However, under a charter dated Jul 1258, "Godefridus comes de Arnesberg cum uxore nostra Alheydi et…Engelbertus comes de Marcha cum uxore nostra Cunegundi" donated "patronatus ecclesie de Lussenich" to the Teutonic Knights, for the soul of "quondam comitis Henrici Seynensis"[282]. This latter documents suggests that she was a joint heiress of Heinrich Graf von Sayn, maybe the daughter of Heinrich Graf von Bliescastel & his wife Agnes von Sayn. Her parentage is also indicated by the charter dated 2 Sep 1263 under which “Godefridus comes de Arnesberg” agreed an alliance with Engelbert Archbishop of Köln, except respecting his obligations towards “domino Simone Paderbornensis ecclesie episcopo, domino Engelberto comite de Marcha consanguineo meo, genero meo domino Bernhardo seniore de Lippia et Bernardo nato ipsius dominis...genero meo domino Henrico comite de Waltegge et viro nobili Ottone de Ravensberg”[283]: no other family relationship has been identified between Engelbert [I] Graf von der Mark and Gottfried [III] Graf von Arnsberg, although it is unusual for a relative by marriage to be described as “consanguineus”. m as his first wife, ENGELBERT [I] Graf von der Mark, son of ADOLF Graf von Altena & his second wife Irmgard van Gelre (-Bredevoort 16 Nov 1277, bur Cappenberg).]

b) FRIEDRICH (-before 1223).

c) HUGO .

d) MECHTILD (-before 1241).

2. HUGO [I] (-1220 or after). “...Folmarus comes de Castello et filii eius Folmarus et Hugo...” subscribed the charter dated 1172 under which “Ludovicus senior comes de Sarwerden...et frater meus Ludovicus” confirmed the foundation of Wœrschweiler (Wernereswilre) abbey[284]. Comte de Lunéville. m KUNIGUNDE, daughter of KONRAD [I] Wildgraf und Graf von Kyrburg & his wife Mathilde de Bar ([after 1160/65?]-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildis uxor comitis Manasseri Reytestensis [et] Cunegundis domna de Rista" as daughters of "tertia [sorore eiusdem comitis =comes Barri iunior Raynaldus]"[285]. The chronology of her children’s lives suggests that Kunigunde was unlikely to have been born before [1160/65]. Hugo [I] & his wife had children:

a) HUGO [II] [von Lützelstein] (-after 1247). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Lützelstein [Comte de la Petite-Pierre]. Heinrich Bishop of Strasbourg confirmed that “Hugonem comitem de Luzelenstein”, in the presence of “fratre suo nobili viro domino Cunrado de Ristein”, had donated “castrum suum Luzelenstein” to Strasbourg by charter dated Jan 1223[286].

- GRAFEN von LÜTZELSTEIN.

b) KONRAD (-[15 May 1255/23 Apr 1256]). Seigneur de Lunéville, Herr von Riste. Heinrich Bishop of Strasbourg confirmed that “Hugonem comitem de Luzelenstein”, in the presence of “fratre suo nobili viro domino Cunrado de Ristein”, had donated “castrum suum Luzelenstein” to Strasbourg by charter dated Jan 1223[287]. “Conradus dominus de Rysta” agreed an alliance with “domino meo et consanguineo Mathæo duci Lotharingiæ et marchioni” by charter dated Feb 1228[288]. m firstly AGNES von Vinstingen, daughter of ---. m secondly as her first husband, SOPHIE, daughter of ---. She married secondly (before 23 Apr 1256) as his second wife, Henri de Lorraine Seigneur de Bayon. The primary source which confirms her two marriages has not been identified.

- HERREN von RISTE[289].

3. HEINRICH (-1196, bur Liège Saint-Lambert). Canon at Liège Saint-Lambert. Bishop of Verdun 1181. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium (Continuatio) records that “Henricus de Castris” succeeded Arnoul as bishop of Verdun[290]. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the abdication in 1186 of “Henricus” and the succession of “Albertus”[291]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records in 1187 that "Henricus...de Castris" abdicated as bishop of Verdun and went to Liège (“Leodium venit”) where he died after some years and was buried “in ecclesia beati Lamberti”[292]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the abdication of “Henricus de Castris Virdunensis episcopus”, his retirement to Liège and his burial “in ecclesia sancti Lamberti ubi prius canonicus fuerat”[293].

4. GOTTFRIED (-young).

5. MECHTILD .

Chapter 4. COMTES de CASTRES

The pagus Castricensis lay along both banks of the river Meuse, from Donchéry in the south northwards through Mézières as far as the confluence with the river Semois, covering the present-day cantons of Signy, Flize, Mézières, Rumigny and Monthermé. The county of Mouzon (pagus Mosomensis) lay to the south-east of Castres and included the present-day cantons of Raucourt, Mouzon and Sedan[294]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Mosminse, Castricium…" to King Charles[295]. Erlebold is the only 10th century comte de Castres who is named in the primary sources so far consulted. At some time in the 10th century, the county must have passed to the comtes de Verdun, as shown by the charter dated 1005 which names Frédéric Comte de Verdun as comte de Castres (see below). It is assumed that the county of Mouzon followed the same pattern, but no primary source has been identified which names any of its counts.

1. ERLEBOLD (-killed in battle 921). He possessed territories in pagus Lommensis (near Namur), pagus Castricensis (near Mézières), Charpeigne, and probably also the Saulnois (near Metz)[296]. "Erleboldus…et uxor mea Alpaidis" founded the monastery of Salles "in pago…Haynau in loco…Macons" by charter dated 8 Sep 887 which names "filius noster Wiermiundus"[297]. [The Chronicon Maceriense records in 899 that "Herlebaldus" built a castle "in quadam summitate supra Mozam" which he defended against "Fulconem archiepicopum"[298]. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 900 that "Herlebaldus" defeated "Fredericum Hucbaldi filium" at "Warcum"[299]. It should be noted the authenticity of this document has been contested by both Wattenbach and Longnon in Germany and France respectively[300]. The information contained in this source should therefore be treated with extreme caution.] Comte de Charpeigne: "Erlebaldus comes" intervened in support of an exchange of property between the abbey of Gorze and Erembert by charter dated 912[301]. Comte de Castres: Flodoard records that "Erlebaldus comes pagi Castricensis", possessor of the castle of "Macerias", was excommunicated for invading land of the archbishop of Reims who besieged Mézières, and that he was killed in battle "in pago Warmacensi…contra Henricum principem Transrhenenem"[302]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus"[303]. [The Chronicon Maceriense records in 920 that "Herlebaldus" attacked "Dulcomensem pagum" so violently that he was excommunicated by "Herivei…archiepiscopus"[304]. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 921 that "Heriveus [archiepiscopus]" attacked "Macerias" and that "Herlebaldus" was killed[305]. As noted above, the information contained in this dubious source should be treated with extreme caution.] m firstly ALPAIS, daughter of ---. "Erleboldus…et uxor mea Alpaidis" founded the monastery of Salles "in pago…Haynau in loco…Macons" by charter dated 8 Sep 887 which names "filius noster Wiermiundus"[306]. Secondary sources suggest that she was Alpais, illegitimate daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks & his mistress ---, but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. If it is correct, the 887 charter quoted above must be misdated (assuming that it is genuine). The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Arnulfum, Drogonem, Roriconem et Alpaidem" as the children of "Karolus rex…ex concubina"[307]. m secondly ISABELLE, daughter of ---. [The Chronicon Maceriense records in 921 that "relicta Isabella uxore" fled to "Carolum regem" after her husband was killed[308]. It should be noted the authenticity of this document has been contested by both Wattenbach and Longnon in Germany and France respectively[309]. The information contained in this source should therefore be treated with extreme caution.] Erlebold & his first wife had one child:

a) WERIMUND (-after 8 Sep 887). "Erleboldus…et uxor mea Alpaidis" founded the monastery of Salles "in pago…Haynau in loco…Macons" by charter dated 8 Sep 887 which names "filius noster Wiermiundus"[310].

Erlebold & his second wife had two children:

b) [WARIN (-960). The Chronicon Maceriense in 921 names "Gabinum ferreum brachium dictum et Esther" as the children of Erlebold "ex Isabella"[311]. Comte de Castres. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 925 that "Manasses Porcensis, Marcus Dulcomensis et Guarinus Castriencis" defeated "cum Reginaldo Rociensi Normannos apud Calvum montem"[312]. The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 960 of "Guarinus sine progenie", adding that "comitatum Castriensem et Macerias" was inherited by "Manasses Registetensis comes ex Ordela uxore Guarini filia"[313]. m firstly FELICITAS, daughter of --- ([905/06]-926). The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 926 of "Felicitas etatis 20" and her burial "in ecclesia Polliaco" {Pouilly}, the following passage clarifying that she was Warin´s wife when it states that he was childless "ex Felicitate"[314]. m secondly (929) GILLA, daughter of MARC Comte de Dormois & his wife ---. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 929 that "Guarinus" married "Gillam Marci filiam", explaining that he was childless "ex Felicitate", and adding that "Marcus pectens porcos dictus est" not because of his sluggishness but because he grunted[315]. It should be noted the authenticity of this document has been contested by both Wattenbach and Longnon in Germany and France respectively[316]. The information contained in this source should therefore be treated with extreme caution. Warin & his second wife had one child:]

i) ORDELA . The Chronicon Maceriense records in 941 that "Balthazar Registensis" made peace with Warin and requested the hand in marriage of "Guarino Ordelam" for "Manasse filio"[317]. As noted above, this source should be treated with extreme caution. m (941) MANASSES [I] de Rethel, son of BERNARD [Balthasar] Comte de Rethel & his wife --- (-after 989).]

c) [ESTHER (-after 921). The Chronicon Maceriense in 921 names "Gabinum ferreum brachium dictum et Esther" as the children of Erlebold "ex Isabella", adding that Esther was blemished with black marks ("nigris…maculis") and remained unmarried[318]. The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 960 of "Guarinus sine progenie", adding that "comitatum Castriensem et Macerias" was inherited by "Manasses Registetensis comes ex Ordela uxore Guarini filia"[319]. As noted above, the information contained in this source should be treated with extreme caution.]

1. FREDERIC, son of GODEFROI Comte de Verdun & his wife Mechtild of Saxony (-Verdun 6 Jan 1022, bur Monastery St Guy). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, which specifies that Frederic became a monk and made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem[320]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "episcopum Virdunensem Alberonem, comitem Fridericum…comitem de Daburc Hermannum…et duos duces Godefridum et Gothelonem" as sons of "Godefridi Ardennensis" and his wife Mechtild, specifying that Frederic was "Sancti Vitonii monachum"[321]. "Comite Frederico" is named as brother of Adalbero Bishop of Verdun in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, when recording that he repatriated Adalbero's body from Italy[322]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Verdun. It is uncertain how long Frederic remained as count in Verdun as the charter dated 17 Aug 1156 of Emperor Friedrich I "Barbarossa" indicates that the county was transferred to the bishop of Verdun during the reign of Emperor Otto III[323]. However, a charter dated 1020, under which Heimo Bishop of Verdun confirmed an exchange of property, names "domni Frederici…comes nostre civitatis"[324], which suggests that Frederic continued as count at least in part of the county. The charter dated [1020] of Abbot Richard demonstrates that Frederic must have resigned the county soon after, as it refers to "temporis dominus Fredericus qui comes Virdunensis civitatis fuerat" adding that he became a monk at Saint-Vanne[325]. Frederic was also Comte de Castres, as shown by the charter dated 5 May 1005 under which Heinrich II King of Germany granted market rights at "Doncheria…in comitatu…Frederici comitis…Castricensis" to Saint-Médard de Soissons[326]. The necrology of St Vaast records the death in 1022 of "Fridericus avunculus Balduini Barbati comitis Flandriæ, ortus ex Godefrido Barbato comite Arduennæ, Virduni, Bullonii et Mathilde comitissæ Saxoniæ", noting that he was "præpositus Sancti Vedasti" from 1001 until his death, and his burial "monasterium Sancti Widoni"[327].

Chapter 5. COMTES de CHARPEIGNE

The county of Charpeigne (pagus Scarponensis) derives its name from the Roman encampment of Scarpona, at Dieulouard on the river Moselle south of Pont-à-Mousson. It covered the territory south of Metz from Ars-sur-Moselle southwards to the counties of Toul and Chaumont, mainly on the left bank of the Moselle as far as the county of Verdun and including the abbey of Gorze (although the abbey itself was vassal of the bishopric of Metz)[328]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Scarponinse…" to King Charles[329].

1. BERNARIUS (-executed 883). Comte de Charpeigne. Walo Bishop of Metz noted donations of property in “pago Scarponinse, in comitatu Berneri” by “Leutchardis et filius suus Nithardus” to Gorze Abbey, by charter dated 874[330]. A charter dated 882 names property "in pago Scarponensi in comitatu Berneri in villa Hodingas super fluvio Alsoncia", although Vanderkindere highlights that the river Alsoncia or Alzette is not located in this area, concluding that this detail raises doubts about the authenticity of the charter[331]. Regino names "Stephanus, Ruodbertus, Wicbertus, Thietbaldus comites, Albricus et frater eius Stephanus" recording that they opposed "Hugo filius Hlotharii" in France in 883, specifying that Wicbert was killed by Hugo and thereafter "Bernarius" executed[332].

2. EHRENFRIED (-after 14 Jun 904). "Matronæ Hildildæ" donated property to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 20 Dec 866 which names "Irimifridus et Sigiricus comites necnon et Guntbertus atque Hadabaldus"[333]. Graf von Bliesgau. The Chronicon Laureshamense records a donation dated "877 Kal Oct" by "Liutharii" which is signed by "…Erinfridi comitis…"[334]. "Arnolfus…rex" granted property "in pago Bliesiggowe in comitatu Ereinfridi" to "nobili viro Folcwin" by charter dated 13 Jun 888[335]. Comte de Charpeigne: King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Uirdunensi in comitatu Rihuuini atque in pago Scarmis in comitatu Irenfridi capellam…Acei" to the monks of St Mihiel by charter dated 14 Aug 895[336]. The Chronicon Laureshamense records an exchange of property between "Hattonis archiepiscopi et abbatis de Riamnis" dated "904 XVIII Kal Iul" witnessed by "…Erinfridus comes…"[337].

3. ERLEBOLD (-killed in battle 921). He possessed territories in pagus Lommensis (near Namur), pagus Castricensis (near Mézières), Charpeigne, and probably also the Saulnois (near Metz)[338]. Comte de Charpeigne: "Erlebaldus comes" intervened in support of an exchange of property between the abbey of Gorze and Erembert by charter dated 912[339]. Comte de Castres: Flodoard records that "Erlebaldus comes pagi Castricensis", possessor of the castle of "Macerias", was excommunicated for invading land of the archbishop of Reims who besieged Mézières, and that he was killed in battle "in pago Warmacensi…contra Henricum principem Transrhenenem"[340]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus"[341].

1. THIERRY ([925/45]-after 1006). Comte Thierry "comes de comitatu Barrense" is named in charters of Saint-Mihiel dated 1002 and 1006[342]. m SCONEHILDE [Hildegarde], daughter of --- (-after 1006). Sconehilde is named as wife of Comte Thierry "comes de comitatu Barrense" in charters of Saint-Mihiel dated 1002 and 1006[343]. If Thierry's supposed great-grandson Louis was the same person as Louis Comte de Mousson, it is possible that Thierry's wife was the same person as Hildegarde, named in a charter dated [1090] of "Matthildis ancilla" (assumed to be Mathilde, daughter of Louis Comte de Mousson) which refers to property "ad Herlischesheim" which "comitissa Hiltegardis" donated to the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Wolfenheim for the soul of “filii sui Lodewici comitis”[344]. The same document names "Hugo attavus meus" as founder of the monastery, the name Hugo suggesting a connection with the Grafen von Egisheim. Comte Thierry & his wife had [one possible] child:

a) [LOUIS [I] ([950/70]-after 1019). Grosdidier de Matons suggests that Louis was the son of Comte Thierry but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is beyond doubt[345]. A charter dated 1019, which records an agreement between Berthold Bishop of Toul and "Olricus miles", is subscribed by "Riquini comitis, Ludovicus comitis patris eius, item Ludovici filii eius, Theodorici fratris eius"[346]. He fell ill returning from a pilgrimage to Mont-Saint-Mihiel between 1016 and 1025, and stopped at Sens where he became a monk at the abbey of Saint-Pierre to which he gave a pallium and his villa "Aricurt/Hericurt"[347]. m ---. The name of Louis's wife is not known. It is possible that she was ---, daughter of Sigebodo & his wife ---, which would account for the transmission of both the names Sigebodo and Richwin into this family. Comte Louis & his wife had two children:

i) RICHWIN ([980/90]-after 1 May 1028). "Henricus…rex" granted property "Suntheim in pago Durihin et in comitatu Riwini comitis" to the bishopric of Bamberg by charter dated 1 Nov 1007[348]. A charter dated 1019, which records an agreement between Berthold Bishop of Toul and "Olricus miles", is subscribed by "Riquini comitis, Ludovicus comitis patris eius, item Ludovici filii eius, Theodorici fratris eius"[349]. Comte de Charpeigne: Emperor Konrad II confirmed the properties of the convent of St Laurent at Dieulouard "in pago Scarpona in comitatu Richuini" by charter dated 2 May 1028[350]. Comte en Saintois.

- see below.

ii) THIERRY (-after 1019). A charter dated 1019, which records an agreement between Berthold Bishop of Toul and "Olricus miles", is subscribed by "Riquini comitis, Ludovicus comitis patris eius, item Ludovici filii eius, Theodorici fratris eius"[351].

RICHWIN, son of LOUIS [I] & his wife --- ([980/90]-after 1052). "Henricus…rex" granted property "Suntheim in pago Durihin et in comitatu Riwini comitis" to the bishopric of Bamberg by charter dated 1 Nov 1007[352]. A charter dated 1019, which records an agreement between Berthold Bishop of Toul and "Olricus miles", is subscribed by "Riquini comitis, Ludovicus comitis patris eius, item Ludovici filii eius, Theodorici fratris eius"[353]. Comte de Charpeigne: Emperor Konrad II confirmed the properties of the convent of St Laurent at Dieulouard "in pago Scarpona in comitatu Richuini" by charter dated 2 May 1028[354]. Comte de Saintois. "Rainardi comitis […juniore], Conradi comitis…comite Ricuino juniore" witnessed the charter of Brunon Bishop of Toul dated 1043 which confirms the foundation of the priory of Deuilly by "Galterius de Daguliaco cum…conjugis suæ Adilæ", another version of the same document being signed by "Valtheri comitis, Rainardi comitis, Odelrici comitis, alterius Odelrici comitis…"[355]. "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis…Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[356].

m MATHILDE, daughter of ---. The Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium names "Udonis" as successor of Bruno as Bishop of Toul and "pater eius comes Riquinus ex Reubariorum regione ortus, mater Mathildis ex Alemannia…genus"[357]. She may have been Mathilde von Egisheim, daughter of Hugo [VIII] Graf im Nordgau und zu Egisheim & his wife Heilwig ---, if it is correct that her son Louis was the same person as Louis Comte de Mousson, and also if it is correct that Pope Leo IX was the maternal uncle of the latter as suggested by Picard[358]. If this is correct, Mathilde would have been one of her parents´ older children considering the probable birth date of her son Louis.

Richwin & his wife had three children:

1. LOUIS [II] (-after 1019). A charter dated 1019, which records an agreement between Berthold Bishop of Toul and "Olricus miles", is subscribed by "Riquini comitis, Ludovicus comitis patris eius, item Ludovici filii eius, Theodorici fratris eius"[359]. same person as…? LOUIS ([1015]-[29 Aug 1071/1076]). Comte de Mousson. This co-identity is proposed by Europäische Stammtafeln[360]. It is true that it presents no chronological difficulties, but it is not the only theory which has been proposed to explain the origin of Louis Comte de Mousson.

- COMTES de BAR et de MOUSSON.

2. SIGEBODO (-after 15 Apr 1064). Archbishop Poppo restored the monastery of St Matheus to Trier by charter dated 2 Sep 1038, witnessed by "Dux Gozelo et comes Gozelo, comes Arnulfus, comes Sigebodo…"[361]. Heinrich IV King of Germany confirmed an exchange of property between Udo Bishop of Toul and the abbot of Kornelimünster which confirmed that "ipse episcopus et comes Sigebodo frater et advocatus capitis eius" gave "allodium suum Grusmithis in Hasbanio iuxta monasterium sancti Trudonis", by charter dated 15 Apr 1064, also signed by "…comes Sigebodo…"[362].

3. UDO ([1019][363]-24 Jul 1069). The Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium records that “Udonis...pater eius...comes Riquinus ex Reubariorum regione ortus mater...eius Mathildis...ex Alemannia duxit genus” succeeded as bishop of Toul[364]. Bishop of Toul 1052. "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis, Arnulfi de Ignes, Odelrici de Novo-villare et fratris eius Herimanni, Arnulfi comitis de Sorceio, Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[365]. The Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium records that “Udonis” held office for 18 years, died “pridie Id Jul” and was buried “in suæ sedis ecclesia”[366].

Chapter 6. COMTES de CHAUMONT, COMTES de MORTAGNE, COMTES de BRIXEY

The county of Chaumont (comitatus Calvomontensis) lay in the south-east of the duchy of Upper Lotharingia, to the east of the counties of Saintes and Toul, and south of the counties of Saulne and Albensis. It included the towns of Epinal, Nancy and Lunéville, and the abbeys of Bouxières, Saint-Dié, Senones and Moyenmoutier[367]. The first recorded count was Stefan of the Matfried family. The Chronicon Mediani Monasterii records that "Hillino comiti" replaced the monks by canons, during the reign of Zwentibold King of Lotharingia, and that he was succeeded by "Riqwinus secundus, tertius Otto"[368], identified as Richwin Comte de Verdun and his son Otto, presumably as avoués of Moyenmoutier although this does not necessarily mean that all three individuals were also Comtes de Chaumont. The Chronicon Mediani Monasterii records that "quartus Boso…quintus Ainardus" succeeded "Otto" as administrators of the monastery[369]. Vanderkindere suggests that the county of Chaumont broke up after the death of Comte Hugues, dated to before 950[370]. He notes that the county of Mortagne formed in the mid-10th century in the central area of Chaumont, including the bailliages of La Bruyère and Lunéville. The county of Brixey also emerged in the mid-11th century in the area of the county of Chaumont. The common use of the name "Olry" suggests a family relationship between the early comtes de Chaumont and the later comtes de Brixey, and also with the comtes de Reynel (see the document CHAMPAGNE NOBILITY). The county of Lunéville should also be noted, but this was ruled by the comtes de Metz of the Folmar family (see COMTES de METZ, in the present document). The county of Sorcy emerged in the pagus Bedensis, not named in the 870 treaty of Meersen, which lay along both banks of the river Meuse from Ourches to Pont-à-Meuse and included Commercy, Pagny, Sorcy and Vaucouleurs[371].

A. COMTES de CHAUMONT, COMTES de MORTAGNE

1. STEFAN, son of --- (-after [900]). Comte de Chaumont: Arnulf King of Germany granted property "in pago Calmenzgouve in comitatu Stephani in locis…Granswillari et Rosieres" to "abbati Stephano" by charter dated 19 May 891[372]. Emperor Arnulf confirmed complaints by Arnaud Bishop of Toul against "comes Stephanus et Gerardus frater suus et Matfridus", on the intervention of "filii nostri Zuenzoboldi et Vikenindi ducis", by undated charter, marked as spurious in the compilation although there is no reason why the genealogical information should be considered inaccurate[373]. Graf von Bidgau: King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Piatahgeuue in comitatu Stefani comitis…Steinheim, Carescara, Oppilendorf, Bullendorf, Arenza, Maquila, Gladehch, Uffichine" to the canons of Echternach by charter dated 28 Oct 895[374]. Ludwig "das Kind" King of the East Franks confirmed an exchange of property between Kloster Fulda and "nobilis comes Stefan" with the consent of "germani sui Walohonis viri religiosi" by spurious charter dated 900[375].

1. HUGUES (-[23 May/16 Aug] 950). Comte de Chaumont. The Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis names "…Hugone comite Calvomontise et Eva uxore eius, Udelrico archiepiscopo Remense et Arnulpho comite, fratre eiusdem, filiis predicti Hugonis" among the donors to Metz St Arnulf[376]. Gérard Abbot of Saint-Martin-les-Metz confirmed the privileges of his abbey, with the consent of "domni Hugonis comitis et Bernardi advocati", by charter dated 23 May 950 signed by "…Hugonis comitis, Bernardi advocati…"[377]. m EVA, daughter of --- (-after 21 Apr 958). The Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis names "…Hugone comite Calvomontise et Eva uxore eius, Udelrico archiepiscopo Remense et Arnulpho comite, fratre eiusdem, filiis predicti Hugonis" among the donors to Metz St Arnulf[378]. "Eva comitissa et filius meus Udelricus…Remorum Archiepiscopus" donated "villam meam Layum…in comitatu Culvomontisse", granted to her by her husband as dower, to the abbey of Metz Saint-Arnoul, in memory of "conjugis mei Hugonis…comitis, filiique nostri…comitis Arnulphi", on the instigation of "Adelberonis Metensium episcopi meique consanguinei", by charter dated 16 Aug 950, subscribed by "Frederici ducis, Sigifridi comitis, Gisleberti comitis, Thiæberti palatini comitis…"[379]. This document must be considered at least partially spurious in light of the date which predated the appointment of Eva´s son as archbishop by eight years. Three subscribers can be identified as the sons of Wigerich [III] Comte d'Ardenne, which suggests that Eva was closely related either to Wigerich or his wife Cunigonde. "Udelricus filius Evæ comitissæ, de fortissimo Francorum germine procreatus, in primo teneræ ætatis meæ flore paterna fueram gratia privatus, materna…cum unico fratre…Arnulpho…contentus" confirmed the donation of "fiscum…villam nostram Laium in comitatu Calvomontinse sitam" to Metz St Arnulf, naming "patre meo Hugone" and recording the death of his brother, by charter dated 21 Apr 958[380]. Hugues & his wife had two children:

a) OLRY [Udalric] (-6 Nov 969). The Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis names "…Hugone comite Calvomontise et Eva uxore eius, Udelrico archiepiscopo Remense et Arnulpho comite, fratre eiusdem, filiis predicti Hugonis" among the donors to Metz St Arnulf[381]. "Eva comitissa et filius meus Udelricus…Remorum Archiepiscopus" donated "villam meam Layum…in comitatu Culvomontisse", granted to her by her husband as dower, to the abbey of Metz Saint-Arnoul, in memory of "conjugis mei Hugonis…comitis, filiique nostri…comitis Arnulphi", on the instigation of "Adelberonis Metensium episcopi meique consanguinei", by charter dated 16 Aug 950[382]. This document must be considered at least partially spurious in light of the date which predated the appointment of Eva´s son as archbishop by eight years. "Udelricus filius Evæ comitissæ, de fortissimo Francorum germine procreatus, in primo teneræ ætatis meæ flore paterna fueram gratia privatus, materna…cum unico fratre…Arnulpho…contentus" confirmed the donation of "fiscum…villam nostram Laium in comitatu Calvomontinse sitam" to Metz Saint-Arnoul, naming "patre meo Hugone" and recording the death of his brother, by charter dated 21 Apr 958[383]. Abbé de Bouxières. Archbishop of Reims 962. Flodoard records in 962 the election of “Odelricum...clericum Hugonis...comitis filium” to “episcopatum Remensem” by papal legates, with the support of “Lothario rege cum regina matre...Brunone”[384]. The Annales Remenses record the death in 961 of "domnus Artoldus" and the succession of "Odelricus archiepiscopus", adding that the latter donated "Vindenissam" [Venderesse][385]. The necrology of the church of Reims records the death "VIII Id Nov" of "domnus Odalricus archiepiscopus” and his donation of “Vindenissam”[386].

b) ARNOUL (-killed before 958). The Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis names "…Hugone comite Calvomontise et Eva uxore eius, Udelrico archiepiscopo Remense et Arnulpho comite, fratre eiusdem, filiis predicti Hugonis" among the donors to Metz Saint-Arnoul[387].

1. REGINBALD [I] . He is named in his son´s charter: “Raginbaldus filius Ragimbaldi et Heriburgis” donated “in pago et comitatu Salnensi...Vitreneicurtim” to Gorze abbey, retaining part during the lifetime of “Fredelindis conjunx mea”, by charter dated 957, subscribed by “Teutberti comitis...”[388]. m HERIBURGIS, daughter of ---. She is named in her son´s charter: “Raginbaldus filius Ragimbaldi et Heriburgis” donated “in pago et comitatu Salnensi...Vitreneicurtim” to Gorze abbey, retaining part during the lifetime of “Fredelindis conjunx mea”, by charter dated 957, subscribed by “Teutberti comitis...”[389]. Reginbald & his wife had one child:

a) REGINBALD [Raimbaud/Ragimbald] [II] (-28 May [962/17 Aug 984]). Comte de Mortagne. “Raginbaldus filius Ragimbaldi et Heriburgis” donated “in pago et comitatu Salnensi...Vitreneicurtim” to Gorze abbey, retaining part during the lifetime of “Fredelindis conjunx mea”, by charter dated 957, subscribed by “Teutberti comitis...”[390]. “Regimbaldus comes” donated “Maurivillam in comitatu Salnini” to Metz Saint-Arnoul by charter dated 16 Jun 958, signed by "Fredelindæ conjugis eiusdem Regimbaldi, Teutberti comitis, Odacri comitis…"[391]. “Gisleberti comitis…item Gisleberti comitis, Erlebaldi, Ragimbaldi comitis…” subscribed a charter dated 959 under which “Fridericus…Francorum dux” recorded the settlement of a property “in pago et comitatu Scarponinse et Wabrensi, Virdunensi quoque” between Gorze Abbey and “vir illustrus…Aquinus…cum coniuge sua Adelindi”[392]. "Sigericus cum coniuge mea Betta" founded the abbey of Vergaville "in comitatu Saraburg ubi…Odacher…præesse, in villa Widirgo Deldorf", including donations of property "in comitatu Dextroch ubi Teodebertus præsidet…in comitatu Mortisna ubi Regimboldus præest…", with the consent of "filio nostro Deoderico", by charter dated 966, signed by "Sigerici comitis, Dominæ Bettæ, Odachri comitis…Theotberti comitis…" and sworn by "Lambertus filius ipsorum…ad vicem Cancellarii"[393]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "V Kal Jun" of "Reginbaldus comes qui dedit nobis Vitriacicurtem et Bruhoc…"[394]. The abbot of Gorze confirmed privileges to “homines de potestate Bruoch” which they had enjoyed in the time of “pie memorie Raimbaldo comite” by charter dated 17 Aug 984[395]. m FREDELINDE, daughter of --- (-after 16 Jun 958). “Raginbaldus filius Ragimbaldi et Heriburgis” donated “in pago et comitatu Salnensi...Vitreneicurtim” to Gorze abbey, retaining part during the lifetime of “Fredelindis conjunx mea”, by charter dated 957, subscribed by “Teutberti comitis...”[396]. “Regimbaldus comes” donated “Maurivillam in comitatu Salnini” to Metz Saint-Arnoul by charter dated 16 Jun 958, signed by "Fredelindæ conjugis eiusdem Regimbaldi, Teutberti comitis, Odacri comitis…"[397].

2. RIPAUD (-after 9 Dec 1027). Comte de Chaumont. Konrad II King of Germany confirmed the properties of Bouxières "in pago situm Calmontensi in comitatu Ripaldi comitis" by charter dated 9 Dec 1027[398].

3. BERAUD . Comte de Chaumont. The Vita Adelberonis names "Vendoperam Beraldi comitis in Calvomontense pago situm"[399]. Vanderkindere suggests that Béraud may have been the same person as Comte Ripaud[400].

B. COMTES de BRIXEY

1. HAIMON (-[2 Nov], 1072 or after). Comte de Brixey. "Haimo comes" subscribed a charter dated 1036 issued by Bishop Bruno for Saint-Mansuy[401]. "Gerardi Ducis, Othonis Marchionis, Ludovici Comitis de Montione, Renaldi Comitis Tullensis, Hamonis de Brixeio, Milonis filii Rodulphi de Gondricurte" witnessed the bull of Pope Leo IX dated 1051 which confirms the church of Saint-Diey[402]. "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis…Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[403]. "Fredericus…civitatis Leucorum comes" confirmed property at Viller-le-ses to the abbey of Saint-Eure by charter dated 1070, which names "comitibus meis antecessoribus Raimbaldo et Rainaldo majore eiusque filio Rainaldo minore meo socero", signed by "Haimonis comitis, Everardi comitis, Gilberti filii eius…"[404]. "Friderici hujus urbis comitis, Haimonis comitis et filii eius Odelrici, Everardi comitis et filiorum eius Gilberti et Henrici…" witnessed the charter dated 1071 under which Pibo Bishop of Toul donated property to the abbey of Saint-Eure[405]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "2 Nov" of "Hanno comes"[406]. m ---. The name of Haimon's wife is not known. Haimon & his wife had one child:

a) OLRY [Odelric] (-[1 Apr, 3 Sep, 7 Sep or 16 Sep] 1102 or after). "Friderici hujus urbis comitis, Haimonis comitis et filii eius Odelrici, Everardi comitis et filiorum eius Gilberti et Henrici…" witnessed the charter dated 1071 under which Pibo Bishop of Toul donated property to the abbey of Saint-Eure[407]. Comte de Brixey.

- SEIGNEURS de BOURLEMONT.

C. COMTES de SORCY, SEIGNEURS de SORCY

1. ARNOUL (-after 1052). [“Comitibus hiis: Hecelone, Henrico, Gisilberto, Sibodone, Arnulfo” subscribed the charter dated 1029 under which Poppo Archbishop of Trier deplored damage caused to monasteries and donated “ecclesiam Longuion” to the abbey of Notre-Dame-des-Martyrs[408]. It is uncertain whether “Arnulfo” was Arnoul Comte de Sorcy.] Comte de Sorcy. "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis, Arnulfi de Ignes, Odelrici de Novo-villare et fratris eius Herimanni, Arnulfi comitis de Sorceio, Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[409].

2. EVERARD (-19 Mar, after 1071). "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis, Arnulfi de Ignes, Odelrici de Novo-villare et fratris eius Herimanni, Arnulfi comitis de Sorceio, Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[410]. Comte de Sorcy. "Fredericus…civitatis Leucorum comes" confirmed property at Viller-le-ses to the abbey of Saint-Eure by charter dated 1070, which names "comitibus meis antecessoribus Raimbaldo et Rainaldo majore eiusque filio Rainaldo minore meo socero", signed by "Haimonis comitis, Everardi comitis, Gilberti filii eius…"[411]. "Friderici hujus urbis comitis, Haimonis comitis et filii eius Odelrici, Everardi comitis et filiorum eius Gilberti et Henrici…" witnessed the charter dated 1071 under which Pibo Bishop of Toul donated property to the abbey of Saint-Eure[412]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "XIV Kal Apr" of "Evrardus comes de Sorceio qui dedit nobis tres mansuras infra portam civitatis"[413]. m ---. The name of Everard´s wife is not known. Everard & his wife had two children:

a) GILBERT (-after 1071). "Fredericus…civitatis Leucorum comes" confirmed property at Viller-le-ses to the abbey of Saint-Eure by charter dated 1070, which names "comitibus meis antecessoribus Raimbaldo et Rainaldo majore eiusque filio Rainaldo minore meo socero", signed by "Haimonis comitis, Everardi comitis, Gilberti filii eius…"[414]. "Friderici hujus urbis comitis, Haimonis comitis et filii eius Odelrici, Everardi comitis et filiorum eius Gilberti et Henrici…" witnessed the charter dated 1071 under which Pibo Bishop of Toul donated property to the abbey of Saint-Eure[415].

b) HENRI (-after 1071). "Friderici hujus urbis comitis, Haimonis comitis et filii eius Odelrici, Everardi comitis et filiorum eius Gilberti et Henrici…" witnessed the charter dated 1071 under which Pibo Bishop of Toul donated property to the abbey of Saint-Eure[416].

3. GAUTHIER de Sorcy (-after 1103). The Papal legate approved the donations to Gorze made by the family of “Aspero Monte”, including the donation made in 1103 by “Ricardus cardinalis episcopus” which was witnessed by “Theodericus dominus castri, Simon de Domno Apro, Petrus senior de Mirwalt, Ricuinus de Commarceio, Walterus de Sorceio, Guido de Conflens...”, by charter dated [1138/53][417].

4. THIERRY de Sorcy (-after 9 Mar 1142). “...Theodico de Sorceio...” subscribed the charter dated 8 Jan 1135 (O.S.?) which records an agreement between the abbot of Saint-Mihiel and “Widoni advocato Condatensi” concerning “advocatiæ”[418]. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of property “Romundicuria” to Riéval made by “Theodericus de Sorceio” with the consent of “uxore eius Mathilde filioque suo Stephano” by charter dated 9 Mar 1141 (O.S.?)[419]. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of “vallem inter duas vias a Fracia usque ad fagetum Commarceii et a Chelma” to Riéval made by “hominibus Rainaldi comitis senioris Barri et filiæ eius Stephaniæ dominæ de Commarceio, ab hominibusque Gerardi castellani Barri et filiorum eius Ricuini cognomento Philippi, Roberti, Hugonis, Theoderici etiam de Sorceio et Mahildis uxoris eius filiique eorum Stephani, Odonisque de Sorceio et Hadevydis uxoris eius” by charter dated 1165[420]. The same charter also approves the donation of a field made by “hominibus Stephani senioris castellani de Sorceio et Theoderici patris sui”. m MATHILDE, daughter of [THIERRY d’Ambacourt Châtelain de Bar & his wife Hastica ---] (-after 9 Mar 1142). Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of property “Romundicuria” to Riéval made by “Theodericus de Sorceio” with the consent of “uxore eius Mathilde filioque suo Stephano” by charter dated 9 Mar 1141 (O.S.?)[421]. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of “vallem inter duas vias a Fracia usque ad fagetum Commarceii et a Chelma” to Riéval made by “...Theoderici etiam de Sorceio et Mahildis uxoris eius filiique eorum Stephani, Odonisque de Sorceio et Hadevydis uxoris eius” by charter dated 1165[422]. As noted above, this charter suggests that Thierry de Sorcy and Eudes de Sorcy held some interest in Commercy, maybe through their respective wives to explain their presence in the document. Mathilde’s interest in Commercy is confirmed by another part of the same charter under which the bishop confirmed the donation of “usuarium in sylva de Commarceio...Forest” to Riéval made by “Rainaldus comes assentientibus filiis suis Ugone et Rainaldo comite Barri et sorore eorum Stephania..” and their part in the same property made by “Gerardus castellanus Barri et filii eius Robertus, Riquinus, Hugo et Mahildis soror eiusdem castellani et filius eius Stephanus de Sorceio”. Thierry & his wife had one child:

a) ETIENNE de Sorcy “senior” . Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of property “Romundicuria” to Riéval made by “Theodericus de Sorceio” with the consent of “uxore eius Mathilde filioque suo Stephano” by charter dated 9 Mar 1141 (O.S.?)[423]. Châtelain de Sorcy. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of “vallem inter duas vias a Fracia usque ad fagetum Commarceii et a Chelma” to Riéval made by “...Theoderici etiam de Sorceio et Mahildis uxoris eius filiique eorum Stephani, Odonisque de Sorceio et Hadevydis uxoris eius” by charter dated 1165[424]. The same charter also approves the donation of a field made by “hominibus Stephani senioris castellani de Sorceio et Theoderici patris sui”. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “usuarium pasturarum” made by “Odo et Stephanus senior domini de Sorceio”, by charter dated 1179[425]. [m JUDITH, daughter of ---. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “croadem in territorio de Neves...Marchavea” made by “hæredes Juditha domina de Sorceio et Severicus de Belloramo et Matildis uxor eius” for the soul of “Stephani junioris”, by charter dated 1179[426]. Etienne & his wife had [two children]:

i) [ETIENNE de Sorcy “junior” . Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “locum de Bellomonte qui antiquitus...Rampans...cum pasturis...terræ castello de Commarceio” made by “domini de Commarceio Stephania...assensu Simonis filii sui et filiarum suarum et Stephanus junior de Sorceio et Savaricus de Belleramo assensu Theoderici Metensis episcopi et Petri Tullensis episcopi”, by charter dated 1179[427]. Pope Lucius III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “Neves scilicet Commarceio, Sorbeio, Meligneio, Levovilla, locum de Bemont qui antiquitatis Rampuns...animalium pasturis...terræ domino de Commerceio pertinentis” made by “Stephania comitissa prædicti castri assensu Simonis filii sui et filiarum suarum Sophiæ et Agnetis et Stephani quondam Metensis episcopi [so the original donation dated to before 1162] a quo illum in feudum tenebat, et Stephanus de Sorceio et Savaricus de Belloramo assensu uxoris suæ Mathildis, et Philippus castellanus Barri assensu filiorum suorum Gerardi et Ulrici”, by charter dated 5 Jan 1181 (O.S.?)[428].

ii) [MATHILDE . Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “croadem in territorio de Neves...Marchavea” made by “hæredes Juditha domina de Sorceio et Severicus de Belloramo et Matildis uxor eius” for the soul of “Stephani junioris”, by charter dated 1179[429]. Pope Lucius III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “...animalium pasturis...terræ domino de Commerceio pertinentis” made by “...Stephanus de Sorceio et Savaricus de Belloramo assensu uxoris suæ Mathildis...”, by charter dated 5 Jan 1181 (O.S.?)[430]. m SAVARY de Belleram, son of ---. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “locum de Bellomonte qui antiquitus...Rampans...cum pasturis...terræ castello de Commarceio” made by “domini de Commarceio Stephania...assensu Simonis filii sui et filiarum suarum et Stephanus junior de Sorceio et Savaricus de Belleramo...”, by charter dated 1179[431].

5. EUDES de Sorcy (-[after 1165]). Seigneur de Sorcy. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of “vallem inter duas vias a Fracia usque ad fagetum Commarceii et a Chelma” to Riéval made by “...Theoderici etiam de Sorceio et Mahildis uxoris eius filiique eorum Stephani, Odonisque de Sorceio et Hadevydis uxoris eius” by charter dated 1165[432]. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “usuarium pasturarum” made by “Odo et Stephanus senior domini de Sorceio”, by charter dated 1179[433]. m HAWIDE, daughter of [THIERRY d’Ambacourt Châtelain de Bar & his wife Hastica ---]. Henri Bishop of Toul confirmed the donation of “vallem inter duas vias a Fracia usque ad fagetum Commarceii et a Chelma” to Riéval made by “...Theoderici etiam de Sorceio et Mahildis uxoris eius filiique eorum Stephani, Odonisque de Sorceio et Hadevydis uxoris eius” by charter dated 1165[434]. As noted above, this charter suggests that Thierry de Sorcy and Eudes de Sorcy held some interest in Commercy, maybe through their respective wives to explain their presence in the document. If that is correct, maybe their wives were sisters. That possibility appears to be supported by another confirmation in the same charter which indicates that Mathilde, wife of Thierry de Sorcy, was the sister of Gérard Châtelain de Bar (see above). The same charter dated 1165 also approves the donation of a mill by “Hadevidis domina de Sorceio uxor domini Odonis” with the consent of “filio eius Waltero canonico et archidiacono, Hugone genero eius et uxore eius prædictæ dominæ filia”. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “molendinum de Vacon” made by “Havildis domina de Sorceio” with the consent of “Valteri filii sui et Bartholomeæ suæ cognomento bonæ filiæ et Hugonis generi sui”, by charter dated 1179[435]. Eudes & his wife had two children:

a) GAUTHIER . Archdeacon. Henri Bishop of Toul approved the donation of a mill to Riéval by “Hadevidis domina de Sorceio uxor domini Odonis” with the consent of “filio eius Waltero canonico et archidiacono, Hugone genero eius et uxore eius prædictæ dominæ filia”, by charter dated 1165[436]. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “molendinum de Vacon” made by “Havildis domina de Sorceio” with the consent of “Valteri filii sui et Bartholomeæ suæ cognomento bonæ filiæ et Hugonis generi sui”, by charter dated 1179[437].

b) BARTHOLOMEA [Bonne] . Henri Bishop of Toul approved the donation of a mill to Riéval by “Hadevidis domina de Sorceio uxor domini Odonis” with the consent of “filio eius Waltero canonico et archidiacono, Hugone genero eius et uxore eius prædictæ dominæ filia”, by charter dated 1165[438]. Pope Alexander III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of “molendinum de Vacon” made by “Havildis domina de Sorceio” with the consent of “Valteri filii sui et Bartholomeæ suæ cognomento bonæ filiæ et Hugonis generi sui”, by charter dated 1179[439]. m HUGUES, son of ---. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, he was a member of a younger branch of the Reynal family[440]. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not been identified. Seigneur de Sorcy. Pope Lucius III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of property “quatuor falces prati...in brolio suo ultra Nawam” made by “Hugo dominus de Sorceio” for “filio suo Theobaldo” who was buried in the church, by charter dated 5 Jan 1181 (O.S.?)[441]. Hugues & his wife had one child:

i) THIBAUT (-before 1181, bur Riéval). Pope Lucius III confirmed donations made to Riéval abbey, including the donation of property “quatuor falces prati...in brolio suo ultra Nawam” made by “Hugo dominus de Sorceio” for “filio suo Theobaldo” who was buried in the church, by charter dated 5 Jan 1181 (O.S.?)[442].

Chapter 7. COMTES de DORMOIS

The county of Dormois ("Dulcomensis") lay to the west of the river Meuse north of Verdun. Vanderkindere says that it corresponded “aux cantons de Vienne le Château, Grand-Pré, Buzancy, Dun et Varennes”[443]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Dulmense…" to King Charles[444]. The county of Grandpré, shown in the document CHAMPAGNE-PORCIEN, RETHEL, GRANDPRE, later emerged in the western part of this area[445].

The following references taken from the Chronicon Maceriense [Chronique de Mézières] are untrustworthy. Vanderkindere noted that the Chronicon was written not earlier than the 18th century and that “Wattenbach a pu [la] qualifier : eine ganz späte Falschung”[446]. The authenticity of the document was also contested by Longnon in France[447].

1. [THIERRY (-930). Comte de Dormois. [The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 930 of "Theodoricus brevis Dulcomensis"[448]. As noted above, this source should be treated with extreme caution.] m ---. The name of Thierry´s wife is not known. Thierry & his wife had one child:]

a) [JULIA (-1004). The Chronicon Maceriense records in 930 that "Marcus miles curia Rodulphi regis" married "Juliam…Theodorici unicam filiam"[449]. The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 1004 of "Julia Marci uxore" and that "Hermanus Grandipratensis" invaded "castrum Julie"[450]. As noted above, this source should be treated with extreme caution.] m ([930]) as his second wife, MARC, son of --- (-960). Comte de Dormois.]

2. [MARC (-960). [The Chronicon Maceriense records in 925 that "Manasses Porcensis, Marcus Dulcomensis et Guarinus Castriencis" defeated "cum Reginaldo Rociensi Normannos apud Calvum montem", and in a later passage recording that "Marcus pectens porcos dictus est" not because of his sluggishness but because he grunted[451]. Comte de Dormois: the Chronicon Maceriense records in 930 that "Marcus miles curia Rodulphi regis" married "Juliam…Theodorici unicam filiam", explaining that he was childless "ex Felicitate"[452]. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 930 that "Marcus miles curia Rodulphi regis" married "Juliam…Theodorici unicam filiam", adding that "Rodulphus" granted him "comitatum Dulcomensem" when he married[453]. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 939 that "Lothariensis Oto dux" removed "Marcum Dulcomensem et Staduni gubernatorem" from office because he had attacked "cum Guarino Maceriensi…Hugonem Remensem" and forced "Arnoldum Flandrensem usque ad Arduennas"[454]. The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 960 of "senex Marcus Dulcomensis sine progenie" [from the context meaning without male children, it appears, bearing in mind the similar report in a subsequent passage of the death of "Guarinus sine progenie" which specifies that he left a daughter] "in castro Julie"[455]. As noted above, this source should be treated with extreme caution. m firstly ---. The name of Marc´s first wife is not known. m secondly ([930]) JULIA, daughter of THIERRY Comte de Dormois & his wife --- (-1004). The Chronicon Maceriense records in 930 that "Marcus miles curia Rodulphi regis" married "Juliam…Theodorici unicam filiam"[456]. The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 1004 of "Julia Marci uxore" and that "Hermanus Grandipratensis" invaded "castrum Julie"[457]. Marc & his first wife had one child:]

a) [GILLA . The Chronicon Maceriense records in 929 that "Guarinus" married "Gillam Marci filiam", explaining that he was childless "ex Felicitate"[458]. As noted above, this source should be used with extreme caution. m as his second wife, WARIN Comte de Castres, son of ERLEBOLD Comte de Castres & his second wife Isabelle --- (-960).]

3. [HERMANN de Grandpré (-after 1004). The Chronicon Maceriense records the death in 1004 of "Julia Marci uxore" and that "Hermanus Grandipratensis" invaded "castrum Julie"[459]. The Chronicon Maceriense records in 1020 that "Hermanus Grandipratensis cum Manasse Registensi" had a dispute because "Manasses filius Manasses et Ordele" claimed the right to "castrum Julie et in Dulcomensem comitatum" as the son of "Ordela mater nata…ex Guarino et Gilla Marci Dulcomensis filia"[460]. As noted above, this source should be treated with extreme caution.]

1. [HEZELIN (-after 1008). “Comte de Grandpré”. Arnoul Archbishop of Reims confirmed that “Hecelinus comes de Grandi-Prato” held “advocationem...de potestate Meuræ” [Manre?] from “duce Godefrido”, that he had given “advocationem” to “militi suo Gaulino” who had exceeded his authority, and that Hezelin had exchanged the advocacy with the archbishopric for property “in Summa-Axona”, by charter dated 1008[461]. The existence of this person is uncertain. Doubt about the dating of this charter is introduced by attempting to identify “duce Godefrido”: no duke of Upper Lotharingia named Godefroi is known until Godefroi II was installed as duke in 1044; Godefroi I Duke of Lower Lotharingia was installed as duke in 1012, although Grandpré would not normally have fallen under Lower Lotharingian jurisdiction. In addition, the reference to “comes de Grandi Prato” appears anachronistic considering that early 11th century charters rarely specified the geographical epithets attributed to the counts named in the documents. Either this charter is spurious or it was misdated and actually refers to Hildrad [Hezelin] who is named below.]

Barthélemy identifies Herman Comte d’Eename (died 28 May 1029), son of Godefroi Comte de Verdun and his wife Mechtild of Saxony (see elsewhere in the present document), as ancestor of the Grandpré family [462]. His reconstruction of the early generations of the Grandpré family is difficult to reconcile with the sources quoted below.

[Two] siblings:

1. HILDRAD [Hezelin], son of --- (-Galilee 11 Dec ----, bur Verdun Saint-Vanne). Heimo Bishop of Verdun confirmed an exchange of property by charter dated 1020 which names "comes Hildradus"[463]. "Hildradus cognomento Hescelinus comes" donated property "Bolruuel" for "Hercendis uxoris mee, Richardi quoque filii mei quem ad clericatus" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 1020, subscribed by "Albrici nepotis mei"[464]. “Comitibus hiis: Hecelone, Henrico, Gisilberto, Sibodone, Arnulfo” subscribed the charter dated 1029 under which Poppo Archbishop of Trier deplored damage caused to monasteries and donated “ecclesiam Longuion” to the abbey of Notre-Dame-des-Martyrs[465]. "Heinricus…rex" confirmed the foundation and possessions of the convent of Maria Magdalena at Verdun by charter dated 16 Jun 1040, on the petition of "Ricardi Virdunensis ecclesiæ presulis,…quodam suæ dioceseos clerico Ermenfrido, …tempore patris sui Heizelini comitis", which records donations by "Beroldi…quod imprimis eius pater comes Hezelinus…tradidit…[et] Guota per manus mariti sui Gotefridi ducis…aliud etiam de Ionvilla quæ dedit Adelaidis comitissa"[466]. The Chronicon Hugonis records that "Hildradus comes" offered "Richardum filium suum post episcopum" to the church and died in Galilee but was buried at Verdun[467]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "III Id Dec" of "Hildradus comes pater domni Richardi episcopi qui nobis tradidit…apud Bolrourum et ad Theonis"[468]. [m firstly ---. As noted below under Hildrad’s son Richard, the wording of the 1020 charter in which he is named suggests that Hildrad’s known wife Hersende may not have been his mother.] m [firstly/secondly] ([1012/15], separated [1020/23]) [as her first husband,] HERSENDE, daughter of ---. "Hildradus cognomento Hescelinus comes" donated property "Bolruuel" for "Hercendis uxoris mee, Richardi quoque filii mei quem ad clericatus" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 1020, subscribed by "Albrici nepotis mei"[469]. The precise parentage of Hersende is unknown. However, her possible relationship to Gérard Bishop of Cambrai, who was the son of Arnaud Seigneur de Florennes, is indicated by the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium which records that "Gerardus episcopus…nepte" was the wife of "Hezelino", when discussing their marital problems[470]. Gérard was elected bishop in 1010 but it is unlikely that he was born much earlier than 990, bearing in mind that his mother was the daughter of Godefroi Comte de Verdun whose marriage is dated to [963]. It is therefore probable that "nepte" in Gesta should be translated as a more remote family relationship than "niece": any children of Gerard's brothers and sisters could not have been born earlier than 1005, whereas Hildrad's son Richard (presumably born from his marriage with the bishop's “neptis”) was assigned to be a cleric at Verdun Saint-Vanne in 1020. It is possible that the bishop's relationship with Hersende was through his mother's family, the comtes de Verdun. Hersende may have married again after her separation. Such a remarriage could provide one solution to the difficulty of the parentage of Ermengarde, wife of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu, shown below as Hildrad’s possible daughter. Ermengarde’s extensive property holdings suggest that she was a sole heiress, and unlikely to have inherited all her property from the Grandpré family whose succession would have been shared between Hildrad’s sons. If that is correct, she may have been born from a later marriage of her mother and inherited most of her property from her father. If that speculation is correct, no indication has been found to identify Hersende’s second husband. [m secondly ---. Another possible solution to the problem relating to Ermengarde, discussed above, would be if Hildrad married again after his earlier marriage ended and that she inherited her properties from his second wife, who would have been her mother. It is emphasised that these suggestions are speculative.] Hildrad & his [first] wife had [one] child:

a) RICHARD (-7 Nov 1046, bur Verdun). "Hildradus cognomento Hescelinus comes" donated property "Bolruuel" for "Hercendis uxoris mee, Richardi quoque filii mei quem ad clericatus" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 1020, subscribed by "Albrici nepotis mei"[471]. The reference to "filii mei" rather than "filii nostri" in this document suggests that Richard may not have been the son of Hildrad by his marriage to Hersende. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records a donation by Richard Bishop of Verdun "pro anima patris sui comitis Hildradi qui cognomentus est Hecelinus"[472]. Bishop of Verdun 1039. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 1039 of “Raymbertus episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Richardus”[473]. "Heinricus…rex" confirmed the foundation and possessions of the convent of Maria Magdalena at Verdun by charter dated 16 Jun 1040, on the petition of "Ricardi Virdunensis ecclesiæ presulis,…quodam suæ dioceseos clerico Ermenfrido, …tempore patris sui Heizelini comitis", which records donations by "Beroldi…quod imprimis eius pater comes Hezelinus…tradidit…[et] Guota per manus mariti sui Gotefridi ducis…aliud etiam de Ionvilla quæ dedit Adelaidis comitissa"[474]. The Chronicon Hugonis records that "Hildradus comes" offered "Richardum filium suum post episcopum" to the church and died in Galilee[475]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "VII Id MXLVI" of "dominus Richardus episcopus Virdunensis"[476].

Hildrad & his [first/second] wife had [four] children:

b) HERMAN [Hezelin] (-[4/5] Mar ----, after [1073/76]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified, although it is indicated by the 1064 charter of his supposed sister cited below. Comte [de Grandpré?]. "Ermentrudis de Harenzey" donated "allodium…Sumey" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert, for the soul of "mariti mei Gozolonis", with the consent of "filiis meis…Cunone comite Rodulfo Guidone Joanne Henrico et fratribus meis Hezelino comite et Rainaldo et Balduino", by charter dated 1064[477].

- COMTES de GRANDPRE.

c) RENAUD (-after 1064). "Ermentrudis de Harenzey" donated "allodium…Sumey" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert, for the soul of "mariti mei Gozolonis", with the consent of "filiis meis…Cunone comite Rodulfo Guidone Joanne Henrico et fratribus meis Hezelino comite et Rainaldo et Balduino", by charter dated 1064[478].

d) BAUDOUIN (-[2 Jun?] after 1064). "Ermentrudis de Harenzey" donated "allodium…Sumey" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert, for the soul of "mariti mei Gozolonis", with the consent of "filiis meis…Cunone comite Rodulfo Guidone Joanne Henrico et fratribus meis Hezelino comite et Rainaldo et Balduino", by charter dated 1064[479]. Kupper suggests that Baudouin, son of Hildrad, may have been the same person as Baudouin, father of Frédéric [I] Comte de Toul, whose parentage is unknown. This suggestion would explain the family connection and close personal relationship between Ermengarde/Ermentrude wife of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu (sister of Baudouin [de Grandpré], see below) and Henri de Toul Bishop of Liège (son/grandson of the second Baudouin) which is revealed in the charters cited below in which they are named together[480]. [The necrology of Reims records the death “IV Non Jun” of “Balduinus de Grandiprato frater Hecelini comitis”[481]. It is uncertain whether this entry relates to Baudouin or his nephew, also named Baudouin.]

e) [BEROLD (-after 16 Jun 1040). "Heinricus…rex" confirmed the foundation and possessions of the convent of Maria Magdalena at Verdun by charter dated 16 Jun 1040, on the petition of "Ricardi Virdunensis ecclesiæ presulis,…quodam suæ dioceseos clerico Ermenfrido, …tempore patris sui Heizelini comitis", which records donations by "Beroldi…quod imprimis eius pater comes Hezelinus…tradidit…[et] Guota per manus mariti sui Gotefridi ducis…aliud etiam de Ionvilla quæ dedit Adelaidis comitissa"[482].]

Hildrad & his [first/second] wife had [one child]:

f) [ERMENGARDE [Ermentrude] ([1020/25?]-[7 or 10 Mar] [1092/1107], bur [Saint-Feuillien de Fosses]). Roland says that Ermentrude, wife of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu, was “issue de la famille comtale de Grandpré en Champagne”[483]. He cites the 1064 charter under which "Ermentrudis de Harenzey" donated "allodium…Sumey" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert on condition that she could be buried there with her husband, for the soul of "mariti mei Gozolonis", with the consent of "filiis meis…Cunone comite Rodulfo Guidone Joanne Henrico et fratribus meis Hezelino comite et Rainaldo et Balduino"[484]. Roland suggests that “Sumey” (which he identifies as “le village de Sumey, Cimay ou Chimay qui existait autrefois près de Chauvency-les-Forges, dans le canton actuel de Montmédy, Meuse”) was her property inherited from her own family, hence the consent required from her brothers[485]. Ermengarde’s three brothers are identified as Herman [Hezelin], Renaud and Baudouin who are shown above. The primary source which confirms that she was also the daughter of Comte Hildrad [Hezelin], their father, has not been identified. The charters quoted below show that Ermengarde had extensive property holdings in her own right. It is unlikely that she would have inherited all this property from the Grandpré family, whose succession would have been shared between Hildrad’s sons. As indicated above, two solutions seem possible. Firstly, after Hildrad and his known wife Hersende separated, one of the parties married again and Ermengarde was born from that second marriage, inheriting her properties from the new spouse. In that case, Hildrad’s sons would still have been “fratribus meis” (referring to Ermengarde) in the 1064 charter. It is emphasised that this suggestion is completely speculative. Secondly, Vanderkindere identifies “Harenzey”, linked to her name in the 1064 charter, as “Harzé, seigneurie relevant du comté de Montaigu”[486], while Kupper suggests that “Harzé: Belgique, prov. de Liège, arr. de Huy, comm. d’Aywaille” was her dower after Gozelon’s death and not property which she inherited from her own family[487]. Two charters record donations to churches in Liège made by “Ermengarde” (who is thereby shown to have been an heiress of some local importance[488]), the first of which records the close involvement of Henri Bishop of Liège [possible son of Baudouin, Ermengarde’s brother who is shown above] and both of which name members of the Montaigu family: (1) "Ermengardis avorum meorum predecessione ammonita" donated property at "Wereme...in Berlenges et in Jalmin...apud Lon [Looz]...in Rumines...in Curinge..." to churches of Sainte-Marie et Saint-Lambert de Liège, with the agreement of “Heinrico Leodiensium episcopo” who with the donor wished to be buried in the same church (“in...ecclesie in loco...communiter voluerimus requiescere”), by charter dated 5 Feb 1078, witnessed by "Reinerus advocatus, comes Adelbertus, Heinricus, Warnerus, filius eius Heinricus, comes Cono, Rodulphus frater, comes Otto, comes Arnulphus, Godefridus et Arnulphus, Godescalcus de Cennaco...", reserving rights of “comes Theodericus super ea advocaturam”, all confirmed by “comes Heinricus”[489]; and (2) "Ermengardis comitissa…ab avis atque atavis nobilibus" donated property "apud Villas Worommes [Waremmes] et Longum-Campum [Longchamp]…allodium de Rumines [Rummen]…allodium de Curinges [Curenge/Kuringen]…allodium…apud Gelmines [Gelmen] et Berlinges [Berlingen]…allodium de Brede [Brée] cum ecclesia…quos dedit Gerardo comiti" to the church of Saint-Barthélémy de Liège by charter dated 1078, witnessed by "tunc advocatus…comes Henricus de Dolvin-Castello…comes Cono de Monte-Acuto, Reginardus de Roden, Witmannus de Molenarche…"[490]. In return, Bishop Henri accorded property rights to Ermengarde in Vreren and Alken as well as revenue from transport duties levied in Liège[491]. Ermengarde’s extensive donations represent an important stage in the expansion of the temporal power of the church in Liège. “La très noble dame Ermengarde” donated “un moulin et une brasserie situés à Waremme, près du pont” to the altar of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine in the crypt of Liège Sainte-Croix, with the consent of “Henri de Verdun bishop of Liège”, by charter dated 1082[492]. A charter dated [2 Apr 1089] records that “comitissam Ermentrudem...et filius eius comes Cono”, at the request of “Henricus...Leodicensis episcopus sed antea Virdunensis archidaconus”, donated “inter alia quamplura pietatis sue beneficia...allodium...in villa Liuns [Lion-devant-Dun]” to Saint-Airy de Verdun with the consent of “fratribus suis Rodulfo et Widone...ipso domno Henrico episcopo cum comite eiusdem...Henrico de Durboio et Godescalco de Ciniaco”, as well as an exchange of property with Liège Saint-Barthélémy[493]. Gérard Bishop of Cambrai confirmed various donations to Saint-André du Cateau, including the donation of “alodium...S. Gaugerico” made by "Ermengardis de Monte Acuto" for the souls of "sua et conjugum et parentorum suorum", by charter dated 1091[494]. The following two necrology entries may refer to Ermengarde. The necrology of Fosses records the death 7 Mar of “Ermengardis comitissa”[495]. The necrology of Verdun Sainte-Vanne records the death “VI Id Mar” of “Ermengardis comitissa”[496]. Ermengarde’s possible place of burial is indicated as follows. The 5 Feb 1078 charter quoted above states that both Ermengarde and Henri [de Toul] Bishop of Liège wished to be buried in the same place (contradicting her wish expressed in the 1064 charter, although her wishes may have changed in the interval). Bishop Henri chose to be buried at Saint-Feuillien de Fosses: a charter dated 1092 records an arbitral judgment confirmed “allodium...Boignières”, donated by “Henricus piæ memoriæ Leodiensis episcopus” for his burial there and confirmed by “Cononis...comitis et Godescalci de Cennaco, Hugonis...de Daules”, to the church of Fosses, although the document notes that the bishop was in fact buried “partim incuria, partim negligentia...in Hoyensi ecclesia”[497]. Ermengarde’s connection with Fosses is established by the 1102/1112 Miracles de Saint-Feuillien which record that an (unnamed) noble widow, living in the castle built near the monastery of Saint-Feuillien (“matrona quædam haut infimo nata loco tempore viduitatis suæ”), requested a canonical prebend at the church from her relative Henri Bishop of Liège (“Henrico piæ memoriæ episcopo sibi in sanguine proximo”)[498], while an end-11th century list of canons of Saint-Feuillien includes “Ermendrudis”, whom Cyrille Lambot suggested was this unnamed “matrona”[499]. It is not known whether her place of burial was changed after Henri Bishop of Liège was buried elsewhere. A charter dated to [1111-13] recalls the donation of “molendinum...in Woromia” to Liège Sainte-Croix, altar of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine, made by “mulier nobilissima Ermengardis...annuente bone memorie Henrico episcopo”, the claim made after her death by “episcopus Otbertus”, and a hearing before Heinrich V King of Germany in Dec 1107[500]. It will be seen that documents quoted above name “Ermentrude” as well as “Ermengarde”, but common references to members of the Montaigu family and especially to Henri [de Toul] Bishop of Liège suggest that they all relate to the same person. The alternative would involve the separate existence of Ermentrude and Ermengarde, each married to a different “Comte de Montaigu” as shown by the 1064 and 1091 charters respectively. From a chronological point of view, this appears unlikely to be correct: no record has been found of Gozelon having a brother or first cousin who could have married Ermengarde, Gozelon’s son Conon is already recorded with two wives, while his grandsons (sons of Conon) would have been young for marriage in 1091. m [firstly/secondly] ([1040 or before?]) GOZELON Comte de Montaigu, son of --- (-1064, bur Saint Hubert). Turning to her other marriage, the fact of Ermengarde having married at least twice is confirmed by the 1091 charter cited above (the document refers to her “conjugum”). Vanderkindere suggests that she married firstly Arnaud [Comte de Hesbaie], son of [Comte Otto [Looz] & his wife ---], on the basis that Waremme (one of the properties which she donated in 1078, see above) was a Hesbaie possession and may have been her dower from this earlier supposed marriage[501]. Kupper touches on the possibility of this earlier marriage[502], but presumably it represents only one of many possible explanations for Ermengarde’s property interests: for example, she could have inherited property from an unrecorded ancestor or other relative or, as suggested above, from her father if he was her mother’s second husband. Another possibility for Ermengarde’s other marriage is that she married secondly after the death of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu, but if that is correct no indication has been found of the identity of her second husband.

2. [---. m ---.] One child:

a) [ALBERIC (-after 1020). "Hildradus cognomento Hescelinus comes" donated property "Bolruuel" for "Hercendis uxoris mee, Richardi quoque filii mei quem ad clericatus" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 1020, subscribed by "Albrici nepotis mei"[503]. The precise relationship between Hildrad and Alberic has not been identified.]

Chapter 8. COMTES d'IVOIS et de WOEVRE

The county of Ivois/Woeuvre lay between the rivers Meuse and Semois eastwards beyond the towns of Longlier and Neufchâteau, and comprised the doyennés of Ivois and Juvigny [504]. The area now forms part of the province of Luxembourg in present-day Belgium. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Wavrense comitatus II…" to King Charles[505], it being assumed that one of the two counties in "Wavrense" was Ivois whose name does not appear separately in the document. The county of Ivois is referred to by name in a charter dated 21 Nov 955 which records an agreement between "Eremboldus miles" and the archbishop of Trier relating to property including "Aduna in comitatu Ivotio inter Boura et Lannilley"[506].

A. COMTES d’IVOIS et de WOEVRE

BERENGAR [I], son of [GEBHARD Graf im Niederlahngau & his wife ---] (-14 or 15 Jun, 882 or before). The ancestry of Berengar which is suggested here is not beyond doubt. However, the charter dated 18 Sep 882 under which "Hildebertus filius quondam Berengarii comitis" donated property to Verdun Saint-Vanne is subscribed by "Stephanus comes, Matfridus comes…"[507] both of whom appear to have been closely connected with the family of "Adalardo" who is described as "propinquis" of Berengar in the Annales Bertiniani[508]. Comte [d’Ivois]: the references to his sons quoted below suggest that Berengar was count in Ivois/Woeuvre. The Kalendarium Sanctæ Mariæ Virdunensis records the death "XVII Kal Jul" of "Berengerus comes qui dedit fratribus Superiacum"[509]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "XVIII Kal Jul" of "Berengarius comes qui dedit fratribus Superiacum"[510].

m ---. The name of Berengar's wife is not known.

Berengar & his wife had two children:

1. HILDEBERT (-18 Sep ----). "Hildebertus filius quondam Berengarii comitis" donated property "res…mee in comitatu Vuabrinse prope fluvio…Cherus villam…Beuram" for "germano meo Berengario" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 18 Sep 882, subscribed by "Stephanus comes, Matfridus comes, Witpertus comes"[511]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "XIV Kal Oct" of "Hildebertus comes"[512].

2. BERENGAR (-[before 18 Sep 882]). "Hildebertus filius quondam Berengarii comitis" donated property "res…mee in comitatu Vuabrinse prope fluvio…Cherus villam…Beuram" for "germano meo Berengario" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 18 Sep 882[513].

The origin of Raoul [I] is not known.

1. RAOUL [Rodolphe] [I] (-8 Feb 946 or before). [Comte d'Ivois]. The county governed by Raoul cannot be identified with certainty. However, Longlier (which is named in charters associated with Raoul's widow and one of his sons (see below) is located in the doyenné d'Ivois[514]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "VI Id Feb" of "Rodulfus comes"[515]. m EVA, daughter of --- (-13 Aug after 946). Otto I King of Germany granted "matrone…Leue et filio eius Cuonrath" property "in villa Lunglier…in comitatu Rodulfi comitis in Osninge" by charter dated 946[516], "Lunglier" being identified with "Lunglar" which is one of the properties donated by charter dated 26 Sep 982 in accordance with the last wishes of "Cunradus filius Ruodolfi quondam comitis" (see below). "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[517]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "Id Aug" of "Eva comitissa Dea sacrata"[518]. Raoul [I] & his wife had three children:

a) RAOUL [Rodolphe] [II] (-[960/65]). "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[519]. It is assumed that he was installed as Comte de Verdun after the death of Otto Duke of Lower Lotharingia[520], although no primary source has been found which confirms the date. However, the charter dated to [960] suggests that "Gotdefridi comitis" was count at that date and therefore that Raoul had been displaced. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the properties of the convent of St Vanne at Verdun, among which that donated by "…Geldulfi villam…dono Rodulfi filii Rodulfi comitis…", and donated "Mosomum" on the petition of "Herimanni comitis" by charter dated 1015[521].

b) CONON [Konrad] (-killed in battle Cotrone 15 Jul 982). "Otto…imperator augustus" made donations "in regno Lothariensi…Amella et Geldulfi villas in pago Uuebra in comitatu Reginhardi comitis…Morlinga et Lazehi in pago Mosalgovve et in comitatu Sigifrid comitis…Lunglar in pago Osning in comitatu Kozilonis comitis…Uelme in pago Haspongouue in comitatu Eremfridi comitis…Ernustesvuilere in pago Bliesichgoue in comitatu Volcmari comitis" to the Kloster St Gorgonius at Gorze in accordance with the last wishes of "Cunradus filius Ruodolfi quondam comitis" killed in battle with the Sarracens, by charter dated 26 Sep 982[522]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "II Id Jul" of "Cono comes qui dedit…locum quicquid habuit infra Lotharii regnum…Amellam, Geldolfivillam, Felmam, Morlingon, Herlisvillare, Longlar et Lacci"[523].

c) HILDEGONDE (-12 Aug ----). “Hildegundis comitissa” donated the church of Saint-Pierre d´Amal “in pago Waprensi et comitatu Virdunensi” to Gorze Abbey, for the soul of “filii mei Rodulfi”, by charter dated 959[524]. Hildegonde donated property "le prieuré d'Amel, dans le voisinage de Joudreville" to Saint-Arnoul de Metz in memory of her late son Rodolphe by charter dated 959 which names her husband Comte Odacer[525]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "II Id Aug" of "Ildegundis comitissa"[526]. m firstly WALFRID, son of --- (-[952/55]). m secondly ([952/59]) ODACRE, son of ---. Walfrid & his wife had one child:

i) RAOUL [III] [Rodolphe] (-959 or before). Rodolphe donated property "Martille dans le Saulnois" to Saint-Arnoul de Metz by charter dated 952 which names his father Walfrid, his grandfather the late count Rodolphe[527]. “Hildegundis comitissa” donated the church of Saint-Pierre d´Amal “in pago Waprensi et comitatu Virdunensi” to Gorze Abbey, for the soul of “filii mei Rodulfi”, by charter dated 959[528].

2. [--- . m ---.] The exact relationship between the brothers Giselbert and Otto and the family of Raoul is not known. However, in the charter dated to [960] "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property for the souls of "…parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne[529].

a) GISELBERT (-[959/60]). “Gisleberti comitis…item Gisleberti comitis, Erlebaldi, Ragimbaldi comitis…” subscribed a charter dated 959 under which “Fridericus…Francorum dux” recorded the settlement of a property “in pago et comitatu Scarponinse et Wabrensi, Virdunensi quoque” between Gorze Abbey and “vir illustrus…Aquinus…cum coniuge sua Adelindi”[530]. "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[531].

b) OTTO (-16 Apr after 978). "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[532]. Graf von Bidgau: "Udo cum coniuge mea Gisla" donated property "in pago Bedensi in comitatu Otthonis" to St Maximin at Trier by charter dated 978[533]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "XVI Kal Mai" of "Otto comes"[534].

1. GISELBERT (-[killed in battle Cotrone] 14 Jul [982]). The necrology of Gorze records the death "II Id Jul" of "Gislebertus comes qui dedit nobis Gismundi villam"[535]. “Gisleberti comitis…item Gisleberti comitis, Erlebaldi, Ragimbaldi comitis…” subscribed a charter dated 959 under which “Fridericus…Francorum dux” recorded the settlement of a property “in pago et comitatu Scarponinse et Wabrensi, Virdunensi quoque” between Gorze Abbey and “vir illustrus…Aquinus…cum coniuge sua Adelindi”[536].

1. ETIENNE (-after [956]). Comte de Porcien. Etienne and his wife Frédévide founded the priory of Thin le Moutier at Porcien[537]. Etienne built the castle of Mirwart (in Ivois), and donated property to the abbey of Chauvency (near Montmédy) after he became paralysed[538]. It is suggested that this means that he invaded the county of Ivois, displaced Comte Raoul [II] and installed himself as Comte d'Ivois. The Miracula Sancti Huberti record that "comes Stephanus" donated part of Chauvency ("Calvenciaco") to Saint-Hubert, dated to [955][539].

OTTO, son of [ALBERT [I] Comte de Vermandois & his [second] wife Gerberga of Lotharingia] ([950/55]-[986/87]). "Ottonem, Alberti Vermandensium comitis filium" is named in the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium[540]. A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[541]. Otto is named with his parents in a charter of Comte Adalbert dated 2 Nov [958/59][542]. There appears to be no direct proof that Otto, ancestor of the Comtes de Chiny, was the same person as Otto, son of Adalbert Comte de Vermandois. The Historia Monasterii Mosomense records that "Ottonem comitem" built "castellum…Warcus" (Warcq, Ardennes, in the comitatus Castritius) in 971, and suggests his affiliation when, in a later passage, it clarifies that "superius dictus Ottho erat comes, Otthonum…Romanorum imperatorum…germanissima progenies"[543]. The editor of the MGH SS edition of the Historia identifies Otto with the son of Albert [I] Comte de Vermandois and Gerberge, daughter of Emperor Otto I's sister[544]. A subsequent passage of the Historia dates the foundation of the monastery to 24 Jul 971[545], implying that the events recorded earlier in the text predated this foundation. If this is correct, 971 seems early for Otto de Vermandois to have constructed Warcq in light of his estimated birth date (which appears reasonably robust). It is assumed that Otto conquered Ivois around the same time as building the castle of Warcq, and installed himself as Comte d'Ivois[546]. Gerbert, in a letter dated to Oct 986, records that "dux Cono pro suo Ottone insidias molitur"[547]. In the same letter, he also records that "Laudunensis episcopus" left "Dordingum" (Dourdon?) on the advice of "Ottonis et Heriberti" in support of "ducem" (which appears to refer to Hugues Capet). Settipani suggests that "Otto" in this text refers to the holder of Warcq[548]. However, all other passages in Gerbert's letters which name "Ottonis et Heriberti" (in that order) appear to refer to Eudes I Comte de Blois and his first cousin Héribert [V] Comte de Troyes. It is unclear from the full text of this letter whether the two references to "Ottone" and to "Ottonis" relate to the same person. "Dux Cono" has not been identified, although it may refer to Konrad I Duke of Swabia. If this is correct, it is possible that the first "Ottone" is a different person from the second "Ottonis" as there is no other passage which links the Blois count to the Swabian duke. Settipani states that Otto died "between 986 and 987", without specifying the basis for this speculation[549].

m ---. The name of Otto's wife is not known.

Otto & his wife had one child:

1. LOUIS [I] (-murdered 29 Sep 1025). The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "comitem Chisneiensem Ludowvicum, filum Ottonis comitis et patrem alterius Ludovici domni pontificis nostri Alberonis avi, Bullonienses, milites patris eiusdem ducis [=dux et marchio Godefridus, Gozelonis ducis filius]"[550]. Comte de Chiny.

- COMTES de CHINY.

B. COMTES de CHINY

The county of Chiny appears to have developed in the early 11th century from the previous county of Ivois[551]. The area now forms part of the province of Luxembourg in present-day Belgium. The county of Chiny included the present-day cantons of Virton, Etalle, Florenville, Neufchâteau, Montmédy and Carignan, as well as the castles of Warcq on the Meuse, which was built in 971 by Otto ancestor of the later comtes de Chiny, and Givet[552].

LOUIS [I], son of OTTO Comte d’Ivois [Vermandois] & his wife --- (-murdered 29 Sep 1025). The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "comitem Chisneiensem Ludowvicum, filum Ottonis comitis et patrem alterius Ludovici domni pontificis nostri Alberonis avi, Bullonienses, milites patris eiusdem ducis [=dux et marchio Godefridus, Gozelonis ducis filius]"[553]. Comte de Chiny. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that Rambert Bishop of Verdun appointed "comitem Chisneiensem Ludovicum, filium Ottonis comitis" as count of the town of Verdun, presumably after the resignation of Friedrich, but that Gozelon Duke of Lower Lotharingia (brother of Friedrich) invaded the town with Baudouin Count of Flanders and murdered Louis[554]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "IV Kal Oct" of "Ludovicus ex comite monachus pro cuius anima habemus V mansos apud Geronis villam"[555].

m ADELAIS, daughter of --- (-after [1038/40]). "Domina Adelaydis comitissa uxor quondam Hludovici comitis" donated property to Verdun Saint-Vanne by undated charter, subscribed by "Gislebertus comes"[556]. The subscription by Giselbert Comte de Looz suggests that Adelais may have been his close relative, maybe his sister. "Adelaydis comitissa uxor quondam…Ludouici comitis" donated property "per manum Gozelonis ducis atque Godefridi…et pro eius amore Dominique Frederici prefati ducis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [1038/40], subscribed by "dux Gozelo et eius filius Godefridus"[557].

Louis [I] & his wife had two children:

1. LOUIS [II] (-[17 Jan] before 1066). The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "comitem Chisneiensem Ludowvicum, filum Ottonis comitis et patrem alterius Ludovici domni pontificis nostri Alberonis avi, Bullonienses, milites patris eiusdem ducis [=dux et marchio Godefridus, Gozelonis ducis filius]"[558]. Comte de Chiny. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XVI Kal Feb" of "Ludouicus comes"[559], which may refer to Louis [II]. m SOPHIE, daughter of ---. Europäische Stammtafeln names “Sophie, died 1078” as the wife of Louis [II][560]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified. Louis [II] & his wife had two children:

a) ARNOUL (-16 Apr 1106). “Arnulphus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais, filius Ludovici comitis” founded a monastery “in villa Pyrorum…in honore S. Sulpitii”, subject to “ecclesiæ S. Petri et S. Hugberti in Ardenna”, by undated charter signed by “Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius”[561]. Comte de Chiny.

- see below.

b) MANASSES (-after 1068). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Manasses frater Arnulfi" when recording that he became a monk at St Hubert[562]. “Arnulphus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais, filius Ludovici comitis” founded a monastery “in villa Pyrorum…in honore S. Sulpitii”, subject to “ecclesiæ S. Petri et S. Hugberti in Ardenna”, by undated charter signed by “Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius”[563]. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais filius Ludoguici comitis" donated revenue from the church of Prix to Ardenne Saint-Hubert by charter dated to 1066, signed by "Arnulfi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[564]. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelail, filius Ludoguici comitis" founded the priory of Priez by charter dated 1068, signed by "Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[565].

2. LIUTGARDIS . The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus", recording that "Riquinus" was killed by "Heribrando Bulionensi" and buried at St Hubert[566]. m RICHER de Sancy, son of --- (-before 1084).

ARNOUL de Chiny, son of LOUIS [II] Comte de Chiny & his wife Sophie --- (-16 Apr 1106). “Arnulphus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais, filius Ludovici comitis” founded a monastery “in villa Pyrorum…in honore S. Sulpitii”, subject to “ecclesiæ S. Petri et S. Hugberti in Ardenna”, by undated charter signed by “Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius”[567]. Comte de Chiny. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais filius Ludoguici comitis" donated revenue from the church of Prix to Ardenne Saint-Hubert by charter dated to 1066, signed by "Arnulfi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[568]. The Chronicle of Saint-Hubert records the donation by "Arnulpho comiti Chiniacensi" of "cella Pirensis" to Saint-Hubert in 1068[569]. "Dux et marchio Godefridus…uxoris mee Beatricis" confirmed the rights of the church of Verdun Saint-Vanne granted by "patre meo Gozelone", with the consent of "comitis Manasse", by charter dated [1065/66], subscribed by "comitis Manasse et filii eius Rainaldi, Hezelini comitis, comitis Arnulfi de Chisneio"[570]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines specifies that "Arnulfus comes Chisniaci" was also "comes de Givel et de Warc"[571]. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelail, filius Ludoguici comitis" founded the priory of Priez by charter dated 1068, signed by "Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[572]. The Chronicle of Saint-Hubert records that, after the death of "Adeladis uxor Arnulfi, soror…Ebali Rocejensis", "Manasses…frater eiusdem Arnulfi" became a monk at the abbey but died within one month, adding that Comte Arnoul together with "quatuor fratres…Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus, filii Richezonis ex Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis" (of whom "Riquinus" was killed by "Heribrando Bulloniensi" and was buried next to "prædictæ Adeladis") donated property[573]. "…comes Arnulfus de Kyney…" witnessed the charter dated 1091 under which Henri de Verdun Bishop of Liège approved the foundation of Flône[574]. "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[575]. He founded Orval in 1097. The Chronicon Sancti Huberti records that "Arnulfus comes Chisniacensis" became a monk "in hoc loco Kal Apr…XVI Kal Mai obit"[576].

m firstly ADELA de Ramerupt, daughter of HILDUIN [IV] de Montdidier et de Ramerupt Comte de Roucy & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-[1068/69], bur Saint-Hubert, Ardennes). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Adele" as seventh daughter of Hilduin Comte de Roucy and names her husband "Arnulfo comiti de Chisneio"[577]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis clarifies the question when it refers to, but does not name, "quintam…Hilduini comitis filiam" as wife of "Arnulfus comes de Cinni"[578]. “Arnulphus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais, filius Ludovici comitis” founded a monastery “in villa Pyrorum…in honore S. Sulpitii”, subject to “ecclesiæ S. Petri et S. Hugberti in Ardenna”, by undated charter signed by “Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius”[579]. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelais filius Ludoguici comitis" donated revenue from the church of Prix to Ardenne Saint-Hubert by charter dated to 1066, signed by "Arnulfi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[580]. "Arnulfus comes cum coniuge mea Adelail, filius Ludoguici comitis" founded the priory of Priez by charter dated 1068, signed by "Arnulphi comitis et Manasse fratris eius…"[581]. The Chronicle of Saint-Hubert records the burial of "Adeladis uxor Arnulphi, soror…Ebali Roceiensis" at Saint-Hubert, dated to [1068/69] from the context[582].

m secondly ERMENGARDE, daughter of --- (-before 1081). Europäische Stammtafeln names “Ermengarde, died before 1081” as the second wife of Comte Arnoul[583]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified.

m thirdly AGNES, daughter of ---. Europäische Stammtafeln names “Agnes” as the third wife of Comte Arnoul[584]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified.

Arnoul & his first wife had six children:

1. OTTO [II] (-1131 or after). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ottonem comitem et sorores eius" as children of "Arnulfus comes de Cinni" and his wife Adela[585]. "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[586]. Comte de Chiny. A charter dated 30 Sep 1124 notifies the consecration of the church of Orval, in the presence of “Otto comes de Cisney cum sua uxore Adelada et filiis suis...Frederico Remensis ecclesiæ præposito et Alberto post patrem comite”, noting that the count confirmed the actions of “pater suus Arnulphus...jussu Mathildis marchionissæ”[587]. The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "filius eius [=Arnulfus comes Chisniacensis] Otto" when recording that he died with "Henrico Coloniæ"[588]. m (before 1097) ALIX de Namur, daughter of ALBERT III Comte de Namur & his wife Ida of Saxony. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Alaide sorore comitis Godefridi Namucensis" as wife of "comes Otto de Cisneio"[589]. "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[590]. A charter dated 30 Sep 1124 notifies the consecration of the church of Orval, in the presence of “Otto comes de Cisney cum sua uxore Adelada et filiis suis...Frederico Remensis ecclesiæ præposito et Alberto post patrem comite”[591]. Otto [II] & his wife had seven children:

a) IDA (-before 1125). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium which records [her brother] "Adalbero Metensium primicerius, filiorum Lovaniensis domini avunculus"[592]. The estimated date of her marriage indicates that Ida must have been one of her parents’ older children. m ([1105]) as his first wife, GODEFROI Comte de Louvain, son of HENRI II Comte de Louvain & his wife Adela [Adelheid] in der Betuwe (-25 Jan 1139, bur Afflighem). Heinrich V King of Germany invested him as GODEFROI V "le Barbu" Duke of Lower Lotharingia in 1106.

b) ODA (-after 1134). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium which records [her brother] "Adalbero Metensium primicerius...quia comitissa Durachiensis erat soror eius"[593]. Alexander Bishop of Liège confirmed a donation made by “Durachiensi comite Gisleberto, eiusque filiis Ottone, Brunone, Theoderico et Oda comitissa” by charter dated 1134[594]. The estimated date of her marriage indicates that Oda must have been one of her parents’ older children. m (after 1114) as his second wife, GISELBERT Comte de Duras, son of OTTO van Looz Comte de Duras & his wife Oda de Duras (-before 1138).

c) HUGUES . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Hugo et comes Albertus et Fredericus Remensis ecclesie prepositus" as sons of "Ottonem comitem [de Cinni]"[595].

d) ALBERT (-29 Sep 1162). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Hugo et comes Albertus et Fredericus Remensis ecclesie prepositus" as sons of "Ottonem comitem [de Cinni]"[596]. The estimated date of Albert’s marriage ([1140]) suggests that he was considerably younger than his sister Ida (whose marriage is dated to [1105]). Is it possible that they were born from different mothers? Comte de Chiny.

- see below.

e) FREDERIC (-after 30 Sep 1124). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Hugo et comes Albertus et Fredericus Remensis ecclesie prepositus" as sons of "Ottonem comitem [de Cinni]"[597]. "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[598]. Provost at Reims: a charter dated 30 Sep 1124 notifies the consecration of the church of Orval, in the presence of “Otto comes de Cisney cum sua uxore Adelada et filiis suis...Frederico Remensis ecclesiæ præposito et Alberto post patrem comite”[599].

f) ADALBERO (-[26] Mar 1145). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "quoque episcopus Albero Leodiensis", stating that he recovered "Bullonium per beatum Lambertum", and his sister "comitissa Lovaniensis que comiti Lovanii peperit primum Godefridum comitem", specifying that they were "de prosapia Namucensi"[600], the latter expression being one used by Alberic to indicate maternal ancestry. The passage follows that dealing with the family of Alix de Namur and her husband "comiti Ottoni de Chisneio", although the parentage of the Bishop of Liège and his sister is not specified precisely. Bishop of Liège 1136. The Continuatio Gemblacensis of Sigebert's Chronica records the death in 1136 of "domnus Alexander Leodicensium episcopus” and the succession of “domnus Adelbero ex clero Mettensi” as bishop[601]. “Albero...Leodiensis ecclesiæ episcopus” restored Stablo, referring to the unlawful claims made by “avunculum nostrum Namucensem comitem Godefridum” and by “germanus noster Eustachius Leodii advocatus” who occupied “villam Turnines”, by charter dated 1139[602]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the succession of “Alberonem...secundum primicerium Metensis ecclesie, iuvenem...de prosapia Namucensi...sororis sue filius esset dux Lovanii Godefridus filius predicti G. ducis”[603]. The Continuatio Gemblacensis of Sigebert's Chronica records war in 1140 between "Alberonem episcopum Leodicensem” and “Heinricum comitem Namucensem” after the comte de Namur invaded “opidum...Fossis” and burnt the town and “monasterio beati Foillani”[604]. The Continuatio Gemblacensis of Sigebert's Chronica records the death in 1145 of "Adelbero Leodicensis episcopus” and the succession of “Heinricus...ex clero sancti Lamberti, secundus huius nominis presul”[605]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the death in 1155 [error for 1145] of Bishop Adalbero “Ortide” after holding office for 15 years and his burial “Ortine...VI Kal Apr”[606].

g) EUSTACHE (-after 1156). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1139 under which “Albero...Leodiensis ecclesiæ episcopus” restored Stablo, referring to the unlawful claims made by “avunculum nostrum Namucensem comitem Godefridum”, and by “germanus noster Eustachius Leodii advocatus” who occupied “villam Turnines” claiming that “Wigerus de Woronna cujus filiam uxorem duxerat” had been granted the property by “prædicto avunculo nostro Namucense comite”[607]. Avoué de Hesbaye.

- AVOUES de HESBAIE, SEIGNEURS de LUMAIN.

2. LOUIS . "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[608]. 1097/1124.

3. HAWIDE . The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Galteri et fratris eius Dodonis et uxoris eius Hawidis filiæ Arnulfi comitis", implying that "Galteri" was husband of Hawide[609]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names the husband of "reliqua soror Ottonis" as "Dodoni de Cons"[610]. 1088. m DODON de Cons, son of ADELON de Cons & his wife ---. Albert of Aix records that "Godefridus dux regni Lotharingiæ…fraterque eius uterinus Baldewinus, Warnerus de Greis cognatus ipsius Ducis, Baldewinus pariter de Burch, Reinhardus comes de Tul, Petrus…frater ipsius, Dodo de Cons, Henricus de Ascha ac frater illius Godefridus" left for Jerusalem in Aug 1096[611]. Albert of Aix names "…Dodo de Cuons, rufus capite…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[612].

4. CLEMENCE . Europäische Stammtafeln names her and records her marriage[613]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. m HUGEL de Waha Châtelain de Mirwart, son of BOVO de Duras & his wife [Beatrix de Laroche].

5. BEATRIX . Europäische Stammtafeln names her[614]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified.

6. daughter . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names the children of "soror Ottonis" as "Arnulfum Treverensem archidiaconum et Cononem "[615]. This presumably refers to one of the daughters of Comte Arnoul named above but it is not known which. m ---. This couple had two children:

a) ARNOUL . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names the children of "soror Ottonis" as "Arnulfum Treverensem archidiaconum et Cononem "[616]. Archdeacon of Trier.

b) CONON . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names the children of "soror Ottonis" as "Arnulfum Treverensem archidiaconum et Cononem "[617].

Arnoul & his [third] wife had one child:

7. ADALBERO (-1156). According to Europäische Stammtafeln , Adalbero was Comte Arnoul’s son by his third wife[618]. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not been found, although it appears correct that Adalbero must have been considerably younger than his siblings who are named above. Bishop of Verdun 1131. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that “dominum Alberonem ecclesiæ suæ archidiaconum filium Arnulfi comitis Chisneiensium” was elected as bishop of Verdun, dated to 1131[619]. Abdicated 1153/56. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium (Continuatio) records that “Albero...episcopus” resigned his bishopric and retired to “claustrum sancti Pauli Virdunensis Premonstratensis ordinis” where he died in 1158 and was buried “in maiore ecclesia beate Marie”[620].

ALBERT de Chiny, son of OTTO [II] Comte de Chiny & his wife Alix de Namur (-29 Sep 1162, bur Orval). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Hugo et comes Albertus et Fredericus Remensis ecclesie prepositus" as sons of "Ottonem comitem [de Cinni]"[621]. The estimated date of Albert’s marriage ([1140]) suggests that he was considerably younger than his sister Ida (whose marriage is dated to [1105]). Is it possible that they were born from different mothers? The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comes Albertus" as son of "comes Otto de Cisneio" and his wife Alix[622]. "Arnulfus…comes" founded the priory of Sainte-Valpurge at Chiny, confirmed by "filiorum meorum Ottonis et Ludovici, nurus…meæ Adeleid", by charter dated 1097, later confirmed by "Ottonis comitis et Frederici præpositi Remensis et Alberti comitis filiorum eius et Adadis comitissæ et Guillelmi avocati"[623]. A charter dated 30 Sep 1124 notifies the consecration of the church of Orval, in the presence of “Otto comes de Cisney cum sua uxore Adelada et filiis suis...Frederico Remensis ecclesiæ præposito et Alberto post patrem comite”[624]. Comte de Chiny. “Albertus Chisneiacensis comes cum uxore mea Agnete et filio Lodoyco” confirmed donations made to Sainte-Walburge by charter dated to after 18 Jun 1158[625]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "avus eius [Ludovici…comes de Cisneio] Albertus comes" was buried "in Aureavalle"[626]. The necrology of Orval records the death “III Kal Oct” of “Albertus comes de Chiney qui adduxit in conventum Cisterciensem” and his donation of property “in Sabulo”[627].

m ([1140]) AGNES de Bar, daughter of RENAUD I Comte de Bar & his second wife Gisèle de Vaudémont (-after 1185). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Agenete sorore eiusdem comitis [=comes Barri iunior Raymaldus" specifying that she was mother of "episcopus Vidunensis Arnulfus de Cisneio"[628]. “Albertus Chisneiacensis comes cum uxore mea Agnete et filio Lodoyco” confirmed donations made to Sainte-Walburge by charter dated to after 18 Jun 1158[629]. “Agnes...comitissa de Chisnei...coram filiis meis Lodovico et Theodorico” attested that “dominus Cono senior de Hons” had donated “usuaria nemoris Bellonis Campaniæ“ to Orval, recalling that the donation had originally been made “per manum meam et mariti mei piæ memoriæ comitis Alberti” with the consent of “piæ memoriæ Symonis ducis Lotaringiæ” from whom Cono held half of the property, by charter dated 1172[630]. "Anetis comitissa de Chinei" donated part of the forest of Blanchampagne to the church of Moulins, for the soul of "domini Alberti comitis", by charter dated to [1185] which names "filios meos heredes, maxime Ludovicum et Teodericum"[631].

Albert & his wife had eight children:

1. LOUIS [III] (-Belgrade [5 Aug] 1189). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[632], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". “Albertus Chisneiacensis comes cum uxore mea Agnete et filio Lodoyco” confirmed donations made to Sainte-Walburge by charter dated to after 18 Jun 1158[633]. Comte de Chiny. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei” confirmed the donation of “usuaria banni de Poillei” made by “dominus Amalricus de Radulfi-curte“ [Raucourt] to Orval, recalling that the donation had originally been made by “Radulfus pater Amalrici...per manus patris mei comitis Alberti piæ memoriæ”, by charter dated 1162, witnessed by “Amalricus archidiaconus patruus prædicti Amalrici...”[634]. “Agnes...comitissa de Chisnei...coram filiis meis Lodovico et Theodorico” attested that “dominus Cono senior de Hons” had donated “usuaria nemoris Bellonis Campaniæ“ to Orval, recalling that the donation had originally been made “per manum meam et mariti mei piæ memoriæ comitis Alberti” with the consent of “piæ memoriæ Symonis ducis Lotaringiæ” from whom Cono held half of the property, by charter dated 1172[635]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei necdum habens filium vel filiam...cum conjuge mea Sophia comitissa” confirmed donations to Orval, including those made by “avus meus Ottho”, with the consent of “matre mea et fratribus meis Hugone et Theodorico“, by charter dated 1173 (before 23 May)[636]. “Lodovicus...comes de Chisnei...cum uxore mea Sophia” confirmed an agreement made between Orval and “Dudo de Malendrei et uxor eius” by charter dated 1178[637]. "Anetis comitissa de Chinei" donated part of the forest of Blanchampagne to the church of Moulins, for the soul of "domini Alberti comitis", by charter dated to [1185] which names "filios meos heredes, maxime Ludovicum et Teodericum"[638]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei...per manus uxoris meæ Sophiæ et filii mei Ludovici et matris meæ et fratris mei Theodorici” confirmed the donation of “nemore Bellonis Campaniæ” made to Orval by “homines mei Cono de Viler, Symon de Firmitate et Lambertus de Staules” by charter dated 1185[639]. [The necrology of Orval records the death “IV Id Aug” of “Ludovicus comes de Chiney, qui renovavit cartas nostras”[640]. It is not known with certainty to which Louis Comte de Chiny this entry relates.] m (before 23 May 1173) as her first husband, SOPHIE, daughter of --- (-13 Aug [1207 or after]). “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei necdum habens filium vel filiam...cum conjuge mea Sophia comitissa” confirmed donations to Orval, including those made by “avus meus Ottho”, with the consent of “matre mea et fratribus meis Hugone et Theodorico“, by charter dated 1173 (before 23 May)[641]. “Lodovicus...comes de Chisnei...cum uxore mea Sophia” confirmed an agreement made between Orval and “Dudo de Malendrei et uxor eius” by charter dated 1178[642]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei...per manus uxoris meæ Sophiæ et filii mei Ludovici et matris meæ et fratris mei Theodorici” confirmed the donation of “nemore Bellonis Campaniæ” made to Orval by “homines mei Cono de Viler, Symon de Firmitate et Lambertus de Staules” by charter dated 1185[643]. She married secondly ([1190?]) Anseau [III] de Garlande. “Ansellus de Gallanda” granted privileges to “burgensibus meis de Turnomio”, with the consent of “Sofie uxoris mee et Johannis fratris mei”, by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Sofia uxor mea, Johannes frater meus, Willelmus frater meus, Aubertus de Andesello, Ansellus de Insula…"[644]. “Sophia comitissa de Chisnei...per manum filiorum meorum Ludovici comitis junioris de Chisneio et Anselmi” donated “pratum apud Briuele super Mosa” [Brieule-sur-Meuse] to Orval, with the consent of “domini Anselmi de Gerlande mariti mei”, by charter dated 1197[645]. The name of her second son suggests that he was born from her second marriage. “Sophia...comitissa de Chisneio...quoque filius eius comes de Chisneio” notified that “homines...de Morei” had donated a field to Orval by charter dated 1198[646]. “Sophia comitissa de Chisneio” noted an agreement between Orval abbey and “Balduinus Bocez de Yvodio” by charter dated 1201[647]. She married thirdly (1201) Gauthier Seigneur d'Yvoix. “Galtherus dominus Yvodii et...eius uxor Sophia comitissa de Chisneio” donated “patronatum...ecclesiæ de Giversei” to Orval, for the souls of “domini Ludovici comitis de Chisnei et domini Anselmi de Garlande”, by charter dated 1201[648]. “Ludovicus junior...comes de Chineio...cum matre mea Sophia” donated harvest “in molendino...apud Verton” to Orval, in exchange for revenue from property “apud Savinsart” which had been donated by “mater mea Sophia comitissa” for the soul of “bonæ memoriæ patris mei Ludovici comitis”, by charter dated 1207[649]. The necrology of Orval records the death “Id Aug” of “Sophia comitissa de Chiney” and her donation of “molendinum de Brieule et...census a Saint Vinsart”[650]. Louis [III] & his wife had [two] children:

a) LOUIS [IV] (after 1173-7 Oct 1226, bur Orval). “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei...per manus uxoris meæ Sophiæ et filii mei Ludovici et matris meæ et fratris mei Theodorici” confirmed the donation of “nemore Bellonis Campaniæ” made to Orval by “homines mei Cono de Viler, Symon de Firmitate et Lambertus de Staules” by charter dated 1185[651]. His father’s charter dated 1173 (before 23 May) states that he was childless at that date. Comte de Chiny. “Sophia comitissa de Chisnei...per manum filiorum meorum Ludovici comitis junioris de Chisneio et Anselmi” donated “pratum apud Briuele super Mosa” to Orval, with the consent of “domini Anselmi de Gerlande mariti mei”, by charter dated 1197[652]. “Sophia...comitissa de Chisneio...quoque filius eius comes de Chisneio” notified that “homines...de Morei” had donated a field to Orval by charter dated 1198[653]. “Ludovicus Ludovici filius comes de Chisneio” approved an arbitral decision relating to a dispute between Orval and “Henricum dominum Firmitatis” by charter dated 1200[654]. [655]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chinei” donated “patronatum...ecclesiæ de Giversei, de Trembloit et de Chamoulhei” to Orval by charter dated 1200, under his seal and that of “domini Gaufridi de Asperomonte cognati mei”[656]. Louis’s family relationship with Geoffroy [I] d’Aspremont was through his paternal aunt who had married Geoffroy’s father. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisneio” noted that “nobilis vir Guido cognomento Senescalcus et uxor eius Helvidis de Radulficurte” had donated fishing rights “in aqua sua de Poillei” to Orval by charter dated 1205[657]. “Ludovicus comes de Chisneio” declared that “dominus Dudo miles de Malendrei infirmitate detentus et senio” had made donations to Orval, now ratified by “Ulricus miles gener eiusdem cum uxore Ysolde...Galteri...alterius fratris...”, by charter dated 1206[658]. “Ludovicus junior...comes de Chineio...cum matre mea Sophia” donated harvest “in molendino...apud Verton” to Orval, in exchange for revenue from property “apud Savinsart” which had been donated by “mater mea Sophia comitissa” for the soul of “bonæ memoriæ patris mei Ludovici comitis”, by charter dated 1207[659]. “Ludovicus comes de Chisnei” reached agreement with Orval concerning “prato ante Yvodium”, with the consent of “uxor mea Mathildis...cum filiabus meis Johenne et Agnes”, by charter dated Jul 1212[660]. "Ludovici comitis de Chisni, Egidii de Hierge, Arnulphi de Morelmes, Jacobi de Orcismont" signed the charter dated 1218 under which "Rogerus de Cimaco…castellaniam de Covinio" confirmed his rights and those of the bishop of Liège in Couvin[661]. “Ludovicus comes de Chiny” reached noted a settlement of a dispute with Orval involving “terris de Ysengiermont” by charter dated 17 Jan 1226[662]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the death in 1226 of "Ludovicus…comes de Cisneio" and his burial "in Aureavalle" with "avus eius Albertus comes"[663]. “Henricus comes Barri” attested that “consanguineus meus Ludovicus comes de Chisney in magna infirmitate...apud Chaors” donated property “in molendino de Thonele” to Orval by testament before he died, with the consent of “M. uxor sua comitissa et Johanna primogenita sua”, by charter dated Nov 1226[664]. The necrology of Orval records the death “V Id Oct” of “Lodovicus comes de Chiney” and his donation of “molendinum de Tonelle”[665]. m (after Feb 1205) as her second husband, MATHILDE d'Avesnes, widow of NICOLAS [IV] Seigneur de Rumigny, daughter of JACQUES Seigneur d'Avesnes & his wife Adeline de Guise ([1170]-5 Nov, 1237 or after). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Machtildem, Aelidem, Adeluyam et Agnetem" as the four daughters of "Nicolai Plukelli filius primogenitus Jacobus" and his wife, adding that "primogenita" married "comiti de Cisneio" and (incorrectly) as her second husband "domino Nicolao de Rumengni"[666]. “Ludovicus comes de Chisnei” reached agreement with Orval concerning “prato ante Yvodium”, with the consent of “uxor mea Mathildis...cum filiabus meis Johenne et Agnes”, by charter dated Jul 1212[667]. “Henricus comes Barri” attested that “consanguineus meus Ludovicus comes de Chisney in magna infirmitate...apud Chaors” donated property “in molendino de Thonele” to Orval by testament before he died, with the consent of “M. uxor sua comitissa et Johanna primogenita sua”, by charter dated Nov 1226[668]. “...Comitissa de Chinniaco, soror domini Bouchardi de Avenis et filie eius...” and others requested the archbishop of Reims to confirm their agreement regarding the Flanders succession by charter dated [Feb] 1235, confirmed before 8 Apr 1235 by the archbishop[669]. “Mathildis domina de Rumegny” donated “duo diurnalia vinearum apud Ars” to Orval, with the consent of “abbas Aureævallis et soror mea de Rosoir”, by charter dated Jul 1237[670]. The necrology of Orval records the death “Non Nov” of “Matildis comitissa de Chiny uxor Ludovici junioris” and her donation of “molendinum de Tonelle et...prati ante Ivodium”[671]. Louis [IV] & his wife had three children:

i) JEANNE (-17 Jan 1271). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joanna" as oldest of the three daughters of "comiti de Cisneio" and his wife "Machtildem", adding that Jeanne married "comiti Lossensi Arnulfo" and naming their four sons and two daughters[672]. “Ludovicus comes de Chisnei” reached agreement with Orval concerning “prato ante Yvodium”, with the consent of “uxor mea Mathildis...cum filiabus meis Johenne et Agnes”, by charter dated Jul 1212[673]. “Henricus comes Barri” attested that “consanguineus meus Ludovicus comes de Chisney in magna infirmitate...apud Chaors” donated property “in molendino de Thonele” to Orval by testament before he died, with the consent of “M. uxor sua comitissa et Johanna primogenita sua”, by charter dated Nov 1226[674]. “...Comitissa de Chinniaco, soror domini Bouchardi de Avenis et filie eius...” and others requested the archbishop of Reims to confirm their agreement regarding the Flanders succession by charter dated [Feb] 1235, confirmed before 8 Apr 1235 by the archbishop[675]. "Arnoux cuens de Los et de Chisni" acknowledged "Phelippe contesse de Bar…et Thiebaut son fil" as his suzerains in respect of "la terre de Chisni…que je tieng de par ma femme Jehanne la contesse" by charter dated Feb 1240[676]. "Arnous comte de Los et de Chiny et Jehanne comtesse des memes lieux" declared having given a dowry to "Nicholon chevalier seigneur de Kyening" for his marriage to "leur fille Julienne" by charter dated 1267[677]. The necrology of Orval records the death “XVI Kal Feb” of “Joanna comitissa de Chiny” and her donation of “molendinum de Herbeval”[678]. m (before 1230) ARNOUL [IV] Comte de Looz, son of GERARD [III] Graf von Rieneck [Looz] & his wife Kunigunde von Zimmern (-[24 Nov 1272/Feb 1273]).

ii) AGNES (-before 1235). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "secunda filia comitis de Chini et Machtildis filiæ Jacobi Avesnensis" was "domina de Agimont et de Givet" and married "domino Joanni de Retest, Hugonis in comitatu successori" by whom she had one daughter who died young[679]. “Ludovicus comes de Chisnei” reached agreement with Orval concerning “prato ante Yvodium”, with the consent of “uxor mea Mathildis...cum filiabus meis Johenne et Agnes”, by charter dated Jul 1212[680]. “Dominus Johannes de Chimereyo frater domini Hugonis comitis Registestensis” granted pasturage and other rights to Mont Dieu abbey, with the consent of “uxoris mee”, by charter dated Apr 1232[681]. Dame d'Agimont et de Givet. m (before Apr 1232) as his first wife, JEAN de Rethel, son of HUGUES [II] Comte de Rethel & his wife Félicité de Broyes dame de Beaufort (-[2 Apr/15 Jul] 1251). He succeeded his brother in 1243 as Comte de Rethel.

iii) ISABELLE ([1207/10?]-after Apr 1259, possibly [5 Jun 1270/24 Jun 1273], maybe after 1285). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "tertia filia comitis de Chini et Machtildis filiæ Jacobi Avesnensis" married "Ostoni de Trasengnues" by whom she had sons and daughters[682]. Dame de Florenville et de Saint-Loup: “Ysabeaz damme de Florenvile et de Saint Lou et Jehan li Ardenois ses filz” settled disputes with Chiny priory by charter dated Dec 1255[683]. The seigneurie de Florenville, which formed part of the county of Chiny, consisted of Florenville, Martué, Chassepierre, Azy, Ménil, Laiche, Fontenoille, Sainte-Cécile, Mortehan, Cugnon and Auby[684]. “Saint-Lou” was Saint-Loup au Bois, now Saint-Loup-Terrier, département Ardennes, arrondissement Vouziers[685]. The property was different from “Saint-Loup-en-Champagne” (département Ardennes, arrondissement Rethel), held during this period by the Grandpré-Château-Porcien (see the document CHAMPAGNE NOBILITY-PORCIEN, RETHEL) and Termes families[686]. As discussed in the document HAINAUT under Isabelle’s supposed son, Saint-Loup au Bois was around that time held by Renaud de Saint-Loup. Thierry d’Orjo, in order to explain the Dec 1255 charter connecting Saint-Loup with Isabelle de Chiny, suggests her possible second marriage to Renaud, which could also explain the marriage of Isabelle’s son and Renaud’s daughter (by their earlier marriages) and the subsequent inheritance of Saint-Loup by that couple’s daughter Catherine (see HAINAUT)[687]. “Isabieaz damme de Florenville et Jehans chevaliers ses fiz diz Ardenois” reached agreement with Orval about “Conkes le Vies et le Novele”, “Rasses, Watiers et Ostelet...filh à moi Isabial dame de Florenville” committing to respect the agreement, by charter dated Apr 1259[688]. Massonnet records that Isabelle freed Fontenoille 5 Jun 1270[689]. The poet Jacques Bretel, on the occasion of a tournament at Chauvency in 1285, wrote that “En Ardenne...y est une dame...Isabelle de Florainville, le Chastel” : could this refer to Isabelle de Chiny?[690]. While this is possible, the charters dated 24 Jun 1273 and 19 Mar 1273 (O.S.), quoted in the document HAINAUT, which deal with property held by her successors, suggest that Isabelle was deceased at the time. m as his second wife, OSTE [IV] Seigneur de Trazegnies, son of GILLES [II] Seigneur de Trazegnies & his wife Alix van Boulaere ([1200/02]-[12 Aug 1241/Apr 1242]).

b) [--- . “Theodoricus dominus de Walcurt”, on his marriage “cum filiam comitis Ludovici” whose dowry was “terræ de Urgeou”, confirmed rights “super...silvæ...Forest”, disputed by “patre uxoris meæ”, to Orval by charter dated 1200[691]. The chronology suggests that “comes Ludovicus” was Louis [III] Comte de Chimay, although if that is correct it is somewhat surprising that this charter does not refer to him as deceased. Her dowry was Houdeng, Gœgnies and Haine, as shown by the charter dated 1232 under which “Gilles seigneur de Barbançon” notified that [her son] “Amalric custos de Walecuria” had transferred to his father “l’alleu de Houdeng-Gœgnies-Haine qui lui revenait de sa mère”[692]. The relationship between the Walcourt and Chiny families is also indicated by the dispensation required for the marriage of Gilles Seigneur de Walcourt, son of Thierry, with the widow of Gilles Seigneur de Hierges, who was descended from Alix de Chiny (supposed paternal aunt of the wife of Thierry de Walcourt). m ([1200]) as his first wife, THIERRY [II] Seigneur de Walcourt, son of WERY [II] Seigneur de Walcourt & his wife Gerberge de Montaigu (-[Jul 1234/Jun 1237]).]

2. THIERRY (-after 1207). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[693], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". “Agnes...comitissa de Chisnei...coram filiis meis Lodovico et Theodorico” attested that “dominus Cono senior de Hons” had donated “usuaria nemoris Bellonis Campaniæ“ to Orval, recalling that the donation had originally been made “per manum meam et mariti mei piæ memoriæ comitis Alberti” with the consent of “piæ memoriæ Symonis ducis Lotaringiæ” from whom Cono held half of the property, by charter dated 1172[694]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei necdum habens filium vel filiam...cum conjuge mea Sophia comitissa” confirmed donations to Orval, including those made by “avus meus Ottho”, with the consent of “matre mea et fratribus meis Hugone et Theodorico“, by charter dated 1173 (before 23 May)[695]. "Anetis comitissa de Chinei" donated part of the forest of Blanchampagne to the church of Moulins, for the soul of "domini Alberti comitis", by charter dated to [1185] which names "filios meos heredes, maxime Ludovicum et Teodericum"[696]. “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei...per manus uxoris meæ Sophiæ et filii mei Ludovici et matris meæ et fratris mei Theodorici” confirmed the donation of “nemore Bellonis Campaniæ” made to Orval by “homines mei Cono de Viler, Symon de Firmitate et Lambertus de Staules” by charter dated 1185, 1200, and 1207[697]. Seigneur de Malières [Mellier], d'Etalle et de Neufchâteau. "Theodoricus de Malliers" donated produce from "molendino meo...ante Novum Castellum" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert for “memoria mea et uxoris meæ Elisabeth”, with the consenl of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Arnulphi et filiæ meæ Hawidis", by charter dated 1199[698]. Vannérus cites other charters in which he was named dated 1193, [1195], 1197, 26 Jul 1199, and 1207[699]. m ELISABETH, daughter of --- (-after 1199). "Theodoricus de Malliers" donated produce from "molendino meo...ante Novum Castellum" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert for “memoria mea et uxoris meæ Elisabeth”, with the consenl of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Arnulphi et filiæ meæ Hawidis", by charter dated 1199[700]. Thierry & his wife had three children:

a) HUGUES (-[2 Feb/Mar] [1229/30]). "Theodoricus de Malliers" donated produce from "molendino meo...ante Novum Castellum" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert for “memoria mea et uxoris meæ Elisabeth”, with the consenl of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Arnulphi et filiæ meæ Hawidis", by charter dated 1199[701]. Seigneur de Malières [Mellier] et de Neufchâteau. “Hugues Seigneur de Malières” acknowledged “estre homme lige de son cousin Henry comte de Bar” after the homage “de son neveu Louis comte de Chiny” and promised that, after the death of “M. Renaud de Douchery son beau-père”, he would retake land “en fief dudit comte” by charter dated Mar 1220[702]. Vannérus cites other charters in which he was named dated Mar 1221, 1224, and 2 Feb 1229[703]. He died before his wife’s Mar 1229 (O.S.) charter cited below. m as her first husband, LUCIE de Douchery, daughter of RENAUD Châtelain de Mézières, Avoué de Donchery & his wife --- (-after Apr 1244). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated Mar 1220 under which [her husband] “Hugues Seigneur de Malières” acknowledged “estre homme lige de son cousin Henry comte de Bar” after the homage “de son neveu Louis comte de Chiny” and promised that, after the death of “M. Renaud de Douchery son beau-père”, he would retake land “en fief dudit comte”[704]. “Lucie dame de Marliers et chastelainne de Maisieres et...Thiebaus ses fiz sires dou Nuefchastel en Ardenne” founded a chapel “à Saint Bale deleiz Donchery” by charter dated Mar 1229 (O.S.?)[705]. “Lucia domina de Marliers...et filius meus dominus Theobaldus miles...assensu”, confirmed a donation made by “domini Hugonis quondam mariti mei” to Orval by charter dated 24 Apr 1234[706]. “Lucie dame de Marliers et Thiebaus mes filz sires del Nufchastel” donated various properties to Orval by charter dated Jun 1239[707]. She married secondly Gauthier de Beaufort Seigneur de Goesnes, confirmed by the Apr 1244 charter cited below. She married thirdly Aubry de Certisy [Courtiézy]: “Bauduins sire d’Autri” granted his rights “au bois d’Arches, la moitié de ce je avoie ancontre monsignor Aubri de Certisi et madame de Marliers sa femme”, to Hugues [III] Comte de Rethel by charter dated Oct 1239[708]. Lucie châtelaine de Mézières donated property to Mézières Saint-Pierre, for the anniversaries of “Regnaud son père, d’Isabelle sa fille, de Hugues de Mellier son premier mari, de Wautier de Beaufort son second époux, d’Aubri de Courtisi son troisième mari encore vivant, de Thibaut de Mellier son fils”, by charter dated Apr 1244[709]. She is named as deceased in the 30 Apr 1258 charter in which [her son] “Thiebaus sires de Marliers chastellains de Maisieres et sires de Vrigne” notified his donations made “puis le deces de madame ma mere” to Saint-Bale chapel[710]. Hugues & his wife had two children:

i) THIBAUT de Mellier (-after Sep 1271). Seigneur de Mellier et de Neufchâteau. “Lucie dame de Marliers et chastelainne de Maisieres et...Thiebaus ses fiz sires dou Nuefchastel en Ardenne” founded a chapel “à Saint Bale deleiz Donchery” by charter dated Mar 1229 (O.S.?)[711]. “Lucia domina de Marliers...et filius meus dominus Theobaldus miles...assensu”, confirmed a donation made by “domini Hugonis quondam mariti mei” to Orval by charter dated 24 Apr 1234[712]. Herr von Falkenstein.

- HERREN von FALKENSTEIN[713].

ii) ISABELLE de Mellier (-before Apr 1244). Lucie châtelaine de Mézières donated property to Mézières Saint-Pierre, for the anniversaries of “...Isabelle sa fille...”, by charter dated Apr 1244[714]. The position of her name in the document suggests that Isabelle was deceased at the time. Vannérus discusses her possible marriages[715]. In particular, he says that “je suis tenté de voir en elle la mère de cette Isabeau, fille de feu Philippon châtelain de Bar” named in the Jan 1257 (O.S.) as “nièce” of Thibaut de Mellier[716]. same person as...? [--- de Mellier . The correctness of Vannérus’s suggestion noted above depends firstly on “nièce” being used in the Jan 1257 document in its strict sense of “niece” (which is not inevitable considering the broad range of uses of the terms “nepos/neptis/neveu/nièce” in medieval documents) and secondly that, if the term did mean “niece”, Isabelle was the same sister of Thibaut who married Philippe Châtelain de Bar. Considering this uncertainty, it is preferable to show an unnamed daughter of Hugues de Chiny Seigneur de Mellier as the possible wife of Philippe until more corroborative information emerges. m PHILIPPE Châtelain de Bar, son of --- (-before Jan 1258).]

b) ARNAUD (-after 1199). "Theodoricus de Malliers" donated produce from "molendino meo...ante Novum Castellum" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert for “memoria mea et uxoris meæ Elisabeth”, with the consenl of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Arnulphi et filiæ meæ Hawidis", by charter dated 1199[717].

c) HAWIDIS (-after 1199). "Theodoricus de Malliers" donated produce from "molendino meo...ante Novum Castellum" to Ardenne Saint-Hubert for “memoria mea et uxoris meæ Elisabeth”, with the consenl of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Arnulphi et filiæ meæ Hawidis", by charter dated 1199[718].

3. ARNOUL (-killed Sainte-Ménehould 14 Aug 1181, bur Verdun Notre-Dame). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[719], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". Thesaurarius of Verdun. Bishop of Verdun 1172. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 1171 of “Richardus electus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Arnoldus”[720]. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium (Continuatio) records that “Arnulphus” succeeded Richard as bishop of Verdun, but was killed when “miles Albertus...cognomento Pichot dominus de Sancta Manehilde” invaded the bishopric of Verdun in 1181 and was buried “in maiore ecclesia beate Marie”[721]. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 1181 of “Arnoldus episcopus Virdunensis” shot in the head by an arrow “ante castrum Sancta Manehulde”[722].

4. ALIX (-9 Aug, after 1177, bur Brogne Abbey). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[723], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the installation as Bishop of Verdun of "Albertus de Hirgis nepos ex sorore episcopi Arnulfi et comitis de Cisneio Ludovici et Theoderici de Marleriis", recalling that he had a brother "Ludowicum qui longo tempore fuit abbas Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis"[724]. The necrology of Brogne records the death "V Id Aug" of "Alaidis domina de Hierge uxor domini Manassis"[725]. m as his second wife, MANASSES de Hierges, son of HERIBRAND de Hierges & his wife Hodierne de Rethel (-[Brogne Abbey] 8 Jan 1176).

5. IDA . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[726], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". m GOBERT [V] Seigneur d'Aspremont, son of GOBERT [IV] Seigneur d´Aspremont & his wife Adelaide de Dun (-on Crusade 26 Sep 1190).

6. daughter . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comes Ludovicus, Theodericus de Marleriis, episcopus Arnulphus Virdunensis, domna de Hirges et Ida domna de Asperomonte et mater Rogerii de Walehem" as children of "Albertus comes senior Namucensis"[727], although "Namucensis" is an error for "Cisneiensis". m ROGER de Valden, son of ---.

7. HUGUES . “Ludovicus...comes de Chisnei necdum habens filium vel filiam...cum conjuge mea Sophia comitissa” confirmed donations to Orval, including those made by “avus meus Ottho”, with the consent of “matre mea et fratribus meis Hugone et Theodorico“, by charter dated 1173 (before 23 May)[728]. 1220. m --- de Donchéry, daughter of RENAUD de Donchéry & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified.

8. daughter . The Annales Mosomagenses record in 1187 that “Formarus Trevirorum archiepiscopus” ordained and consecrated “sororem comitis Ludovici de Chisne, abbatissam de Givine”[729]. Abbess of [Givet].

C. COMTES de LONGWY

The county of Longwy developed in the southern part of the county of Methingau (Matensis), which lay to the east of the county of Ivois and south of the county of Arlon, bound on the east by the river Moselle. It corresponded to the doyennés of Mersch and Luxembourg. Lietard, a relative of Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun, is the first recorded count of Longwy in the last quarter of the 10th century and first quarter of the 11th century. Longwy was inherited by the family of the Comtes de Luxembourg, although there is considerable confusion about the precise path of inheritance as discussed further below. In 1136, it passed to Ermensende de Luxembourg, daughter of Conrad Comte [de Luxembourg], who transmitted the county to the family of the comtes de Namur.

Two possible siblings:

1. [--- . m ---.] One child:

a) WICFRID (-31 Aug or 1 Sep 983 or 984 or 986). Bishop of Verdun 980. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 958 of “Berengarius episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Wicfridus qui fundavit ecclesiam sancti Pauli Virdun”[730]. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that "Wicfridus episcopus" was "de Bawariorum partibus vir Teutonicus"[731]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "Pridie Kal Aug" of "Winfridus episcopus qui dedit fratribus Beslanc"[732]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "II Kal Sep" of "Wicfridus episcopus Virdunensis"[733]. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 986 of “Wicfridus” and the succession of “Adelbero”[734].

2. [--- .] m WERNER [Graf von Rothenburg], son of ---. ["Varneri comitis, Richardi comitis…" witnessed the charter dated 986 under which Gérard Bishop of Toul donated the church of Andelier to the abbey of Saint-Mansuy[735]. It is uncertain whether "Varneri comitis" refers to the father of Godila.] One child:

a) GODILA (-1015). Thietmar names a "nobly born woman from the West…Godila" as wife of Lothar, naming her father Werner and specifying that her cousin was Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun[736]. Thietmar records that Godila remained unmarried for four years after her husband died then married secondly "her relative Hermann"[737]. Godila's second husband has been identified as Hermann [II] Graf von Werl[738]. If this is correct she must have been his second wife as Thietmar records that "she was denied any hope of future offspring" as she was excommunicated for the marriage, her husband being "her relative"[739]. m firstly LOTHAR [III] Graf von Walbeck, Markgraf der Nordmark, son of LOTHAR [II] Graf von Walbeck & his wife Mathilde von Arneburg (-25 Jan 1003, bur Köln Cathedral). m secondly (1007) as his second wife, HERMANN [II] Graf von Werl, son of HERMANN [I] Graf von Werl & his wife Gerberga of Burgundy (-after 14 Sep [1029]).

Two brothers, related to Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun and (according to the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, quoted below) to Konrad II King of Germany, although the precise family relationships are not known.

1. LIETARD (-[Trier St. Maximin] 19 May [1015/20], bur Verdun Saint-Vanne [or Trier St. Maximin]). The Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis names "comes Lietardus, Ottonis imperator consanguineus", records his bringing "habitu religionis…beato Vitono" to "villam sui iuris Bailodium dictam", his work "perquirendo iusticiam in curia Heinrici imperatoris" and his death at "Treviris apud Sanctum Maximum" where he was buried[740]. Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun agreed an exchange of property with "sobrini nepotes" Liuthard and Richwin de Longwy by charter dated 973[741]. Comte de Longwy. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which records that "comes Letardus de Longui pater Manegaudi et Gislebertus comes de Luscelenburch" were "nepotes" of Emperor Konrad II[742]. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the properties of the convent of St Vanne at Verdun, among which that donated by "…comes…Liutardus…in pago Waprensi in comitatu de Custrei…Bailodium", and donated "Mosomum" on the petition of "Herimanni comitis" by charter dated 1015[743]. The Hugonis Chronicon records that "domnus Liethardus comes de Marceio" became a monk in the monastery of Verdun St Vanne, to which he donated "Bailodium", and died and was buried at Verdun[744]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XIV Kal Jun" of "Lietardus ex comite conversus qui…Baylodium" donated[745]. m EMMEHILD, daughter of --- (-14 Jan ----). The Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis names "uxor etiam ipsius venerandi comitis, Emmehyldis" and her donation to the church of Verdun[746]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XIX Kal Feb" of "Emmehildis comitissa uxor domni Lietardi comitis qui Bailodium nobis dedit"[747]. Comte Lietard [III] & his wife had one child:

a) MANEGOLD (-[1040]). The Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis names "filio suo [=comitis Lietardi] comite Manegaudo", recording that he opposed his father's religious donations, which were later confirmed after his father's death in the court of Emperor Heinrich II[748].

2. RICHWIN (-after 973). Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun agreed an exchange of property with "sobrini nepotes" Liuthard and Richwin de Longwy by charter dated 973[749].

1. SIBODO (-after 1029). Comte de [---]. “Comitibus hiis: Hecelone, Henrico, Gisilberto, Sibodone, Arnulfo” subscribed the charter dated 1029 under which Poppo Archbishop of Trier deplored damage caused to monasteries and donated “ecclesiam Longuion” to the abbey of Notre-Dame-des-Martyrs[750].

Longwy passed to Giselbert, future Comte de Luxembourg, as indicated by the charters cited below. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois Fontaines, quoted below, indicates his relationship with Liétard Comte de Longwy who is named above, through a common connection with Emperor Konrad II, but neither the precise relationship between Giselbert and Liétard nor the circumstances of Giselbert’s inheritance of Longwy has been ascertained.

1. GISELBERT, son of FRIEDRICH Graf im Moselgau, Vogt of Stablo and Malmédy [Luxembourg] & his wife [--- von Hammerstein] [Konradiner] ([1005/10?]-15 Aug [30 Jun 1056/1059]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which records that "comes Letardus de Longui pater Manegaudi et Gislebertus comes de Luscelenburch pater comitis Conradi" were "nepotes" of Emperor Konrad II[751]. Giselbert’s family connection with the emperor was presumably through his mother. Comte de Longwy: Vannérus records that Giselbert was named in charters dated 1029 and 1030 “relatifs à Longuyon”, in the witness list “au synode général tenu à Trèves en 1030”, and as “comes Giselbertus de Lunguvich” in a charter dated to [1031/32] which records complaints by the abbot of Echternach (no source citations)[752]. He succeeded his brother in 1047 as Comte de [Luxembourg].

The suggestion that Adalbert [Albert] [later Adalbert Duke of Upper Lotharingia], son of Gerhard Comte [de Metz] & his wife Gisela --- (-killed in battle near Thuin 11 Nov 1048) was Comte de Longwy appears to be incorrect. It appears based on a misinterpretation of the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium which names "Albertum de Longui castro, quem…ducem", the text appearing to refer to the duke of Upper Lotharingia[753]. No other record has been found of Longwy being held by the family of the Grafen von Metz, between whom and the earlier comtes de Longwy no family relationship has been identified. Szabolcs de Vajay suggests that the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium incorrectly attributes Longwy to Duke Adalbert, confusing him with Albert [II] Graf von Dachsburg, first husband of Ermensende de Luxembourg who is later recorded as heiress of Longwy[754]. Vannérus highlights the solution to the problem, indicating that the Gesta’s “Longui castro” in fact indicated “Longcastre = Longchâtel = Longchâteau” and not Longwy “ainsi que Louis Schaudel l’a déjà prouvé”[755]. If that is correct Duke Adalbert was never Comte de Longwy.

The identification of Ermensende, first wife of Conrad [I] Comte [de Luxembourg], as “Ctss de Longwy” also appears to be based on a misinterpretion of the primary sources. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitissa de Longui et de Castris Ermensendis" as wife of "Conrado comiti de Luscelenburch"[756]. "Castris" is normally the Latin name for Bliescastel (see elsewhere in the present document). No connection has been identified between Ermensende and the Bliescastel family, although her daughter’s husband was Graf von Bliescastel. Concerning Longwy, the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Albertum de Longui castro, quem…ducem"[757], the text appearing to refer to Adalbert [Graf von Metz], later duke of Upper Lotharingia (see the preceding paragraph). Vannérus (summarising Renn), after suggesting that Albéric transformed the Gesta’s “Longui castro” into “Longui et de Castris” and therefore dismissing any supposed Bliescastel connection, highlights that “Longui castro” in fact indicated “Longcastre = Longchâtel = Longchâteau” and not Longwy “ainsi que Louis Schaudel l’a déjà prouvé”[758]. Vannérus indicates the other passage in the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines quoted above (recording that "comes Letardus de Longui pater Manegaudi et Gislebertus comes de Luscelenburch pater comitis Conradi" were "nepotes" of Emperor Konrad II[759]) and that Giselbert Comte de Luxembourg inherited Longwy as indicated by the [1031/32] charter cited above[760]. If that is correct, Conrad de Luxembourg inherited Longwy from his father and not through his wife.

Chapter 9. GRAFEN in MEINFELD

The county of Meinfeld/Mayenfeld (pagus Magnacensis) was located in the area to the south of the confluence of the rivers Mosel and Rhine, east of the county of Bidgau also in Upper Lotharingia and Eifelgau in the duchy of Lower Lotharingia[761]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Megenensium…" to King Ludwig[762]. Between the 9th and early 11th centuries, references have been found to Grafen in Mainfeld but the county appears to have been held conjointly with other counties. In the early 12th century, the county of Virneburg (see the document FRANCONIA, LOWER RHINE NOBILITY) emerged in part of the area of the county of Mainfeld[763].

1. MEGINGOZ [II], son of [MEGINGOZ [I] & his wife ---] (-killed 28 Aug 892, bur Trier St Maximin). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. However, his unusual name suggests a close family relationship with Megingoz [I]. The Miraculæ S. Maximi record that "Megingaudo, regni huius duci" was granted the monastery of "abbate Herkenberto", St Maximin from the context, by Emperor Arnulf[764]. Graf in Mainfeld: "Arnolfus…rex" donated property "in pago Meinifeld…villam Ribanache" to Kloster St Maximin at Trier naming "comes noster…Megingoz" by charter dated 23 Jan 888[765]. "Arnolfus…rex" donated property "in pago Uuormazfelda in comitatu Megingaudi…in villa Dechidestein" to Kloster Fulda on the proposal of "Pobbonis et Deotpoldi [comitum]" by charter dated 21 Jul 889[766]. Regino records that "Megingaudus comes, nepos supradicti Odonis regis" was killed "892 V Kal Sep" by "Alberico in monasterio sancti Xysti quod vocatur Rotila", specifying that he was buried in "Treverim apud sanctum Maximum" and in a later passage that "Arnolfi Zvendiboldo filio" was given the honours of "Megingaudi comitis" in 892[767]. The Annales Einsidlenses record the death in 991 of "Manegold comes"[768]. m as her first husband, GISELA, daughter of ---. The Miraculi Sanctæ Waldburgis names "Gisela matrona pernobilis, uxor Burchardi, Walochonis comitis filii, quæ antea matrimonio iuncta fuerat comitis Megindaudi"[769]. She married secondly Burkhard, who later succeeded as Graf von Mayenfeld.

1. BURKHARD, son of WALACHO & his wife --- (-after 28 Oct 905). "Hludowicus…rex" confirmed privileges to Kloster St Gallen by charter dated 24 Jun 903 in which among "fidelium nostrum" was listed "Purchart filius Vualahonis"[770]. Graf von Mainfeld: "Wuieldrud" donated property to Münster St Martin with the consent of "senioris mariti mei…Hildiberti" by charter dated 28 Oct 905 made "in pago Meginouelt…in comitatu Burchardi comitis"[771].

1. UDO (-after 29 Apr 964). Wicfried Archbishop of Köln donated property “in pago Juliacense in comitatu Godefridi comitis in castello…Julicha…in pago…Bunnensi in comitatu Eremfridi comitis…in villa Brunheim…in comitatu…Udonis comitis in villa Reinsa” to the Ursulastift by charter dated 2 Aug 945, signed by “fratris eius Godefridi comitis…”[772]. "Herimannis…comes" donated property "in…villæ…Eilba in Maginensi pago" to Münster St Martin for the soul of "nostræ matris Rihuuare" by charter dated 10 Jun 963, witnessed by “Vdonis comitis, Bernhardi vice comitis, Raginboldi vice comitis...”[773]. Graf in Mainfeld: "Volpertus..." donated “in villa...Mertilacha in marca Mertilachoro” to Köln St. Martin by charter dated 29 Apr 964 “in pago Megonouelt...in comitatu Vdoni”[774].

1. BECELIN [Biliso] (-after 3 May 1019). [The abbot of Gorze ratified acquisitions at “Flammereshem in Wormatie” by charter dated 14 Sep 977, subscribed by “…Bozelonis comitis…”[775]. It is not known whether this document refers to the later Graf in Meinfeld.] Graf [in Moselgau]: Emperor Otto III confirmed rights in Wasserbillig "in pago…Muselgowi et in comitatu Becelini comitis" to the abbot of St Maximin by undated charter, dated to [997/1002][776]. Graf in Meinfeld: Emperor Otto III donated "curtem Andernacho...in pago Meinefeld ac comitatu Becelini comitis" to Aachen St. Maria by charter dated 28 Jul 998[777]. Heribert Archbishop of Köln donated revenue from property "in villa…Remago" to Kloster Deutz by charter dated 1 Apr 1003, witnessed by "…Cristiani comitis, Herimanni advocati Diuitensis ecclesie, Bilisonis comitis…"[778]. Heribert Archbishop of Köln donated property "curtim…Antwilre", donated by "Baldericus comes et coniunx eius…Adela", to Kloster Deutz by charter dated 1 Apr 1003, witnessed by "…Cristiani comitis, Herimanni advocati Diuitensis ecclesie, Bilisonis comitis…"[779]. King Heinrich II donated "decimam ex Walecre et Goslar et Trutmannie...villas...Soron et Salmaniam [Salm] in pago Liuwa [Liège?] in comitatu--- sitas, Neroldeshausen...sitam in pago Natresgauwe in comitatu Widelonis, Horcheim insuper in pago Colingauwe et comitatu---, Kivenheim...in pago Meinuelt et comitatu Bethelini" to Aachen by charter dated 13 Aug 1005[780]. An undated charter, dated to [1004/09] or [1017/24], records the rights of Kloster St Maximin over Wasserbillich, on the advice of "ducis Henrici…advocati…Becelini comitis"[781]. Heribert Archbishop of Köln donated property "ecclesiam…in villa…Zudendorp", except for "decimarum parte" held by "nepoti meo Folcnando", to Kloster Deutz by charter dated 1 Mar 1009, witnessed by "…Cristiani comitis…Bilisonis comitis…"[782]. Heribert Archbishop of Köln donated property "ecclesiam…in villa…Sethone…in pago…Betuam", donated by "Baldericus cum uxore Adela", to Kloster Deutz by charter dated 17 Jul 1015, witnessed by "…Cristiani comitis…Bilisonis comitis…"[783]. Heribert Archbishop of Köln confirmed previous donations to Kloster Deutz by charter dated 3 May 1019, witnessed by "…Cristiani comitis, Herimanni defensoris eiusdem Tuitensis ecclesie, Adolfi fratris eius, Gerhardi defensoris domus, Gerhardi Iuliensis, Bilisonis comitis"[784]. His name suggests a connection with Becelin Graf [in Bidgau], although primary source references to the latter are dated up to 1041 which suggests an unusually long career if they were the same person.

Chapter 10. COMTES de METZ (GRAFEN von METZ)

The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…civitatem Mettis cum abbatia S. Petri et S. Martini et comitatu Moslensi" to King Ludwig[785]. Vanderkindere suggests that the "pagus Moslensis" was a geographical expression which covered the whole of the upper Moselle area from Rübenach, west of Koblenz, to Jussy, Ars and Cheminot upstream of Metz[786].

A. GRAFEN von METZ (MATFRIEDE)

Use of the name “Walacho” in this family suggests a possible relationship with the “Walacho” family of Grafen im Wormsgau (see the document FRANCONIA NOBILITY). Insufficient data is available to go beyond speculation about what the precise family connection might have been.

ADALHARD [IV], son of [ADALHARD [III] & his wife ---] (-[2 Jan] 890). The primary source which identifies Adalhard [IV] as the son of Adalhard [III] has not been identified. However, the Catalogus abbatem Epternacensium names "Adelardus iunior comes" as [lay] abbot of Echternach in 878 until 890, suggesting that he may have had the same name as his father[787]. "Hludowicus…rex" confirmed a donation of property "in pago Muselahgeuui in comitatu Adalhardi villam…Berge" to Kloster Fulda by charter dated 24 Jul 880[788]. Emperor Karl III granted property "in Weitereiba in comitatu Adalhardi ad Rosbach" to Kloster Fulda by charter dated 7 Apr 884[789]. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont records the death "IV Non Jan" of "Adellardus"[790], although it is not certain that this refers to Adalhard [IV]. Hlawitschka suggests that Adelhard [IV] married ---, [daughter of Matfried [II] & his wife ---], or daughter of Matfried's sister and that the couple were the parents of the three brothers Gebhard and Matfried Counts of Metz and Richer Bishop of Verdun[791].]

Five possible children:

No source has yet been identified which names the parents of the following five brothers. The fact that one is named Matfried suggests a close family relationship with Adalhard [IV] and his wife, assuming that she was the daughter of Matfried [II]. A descent from Adalhard [IV] is also suggested by the common use of the names Stefan and Gerhard in the two families. While the various sources quoted below establish that all five were brothers, no source has been found which indicates that they all shared the same mother (see the discussion about the possible distinction between the terms “fratres” and “germani” under Walacho, below).

1. STEFAN (-after [900]). Comte de Chaumont: Arnulf King of Germany granted property "in pago Calmenzgouve in comitatu Stephani in locis…Granswillari et Rosieres" to "abbati Stephano" by charter dated 19 May 891[792]. Emperor Arnulf confirmed complaints by Arnaud Bishop of Toul against "comes Stephanus et Gerardus frater suus et Matfridus", on the intervention of "filii nostri Zuenzoboldi et Vikenindi ducis", by undated charter, marked as spurious in the compilation although there is no reason why the genealogical information should be considered inaccurate[793]. Graf von Bidgau: King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Piatahgeuue in comitatu Stefani comitis…Steinheim, Carescara, Oppilendorf, Bullendorf, Arenza, Maquila, Gladehch, Uffichine" to the canons of Echternach by charter dated 28 Oct 895[794]. Regino records in 896 "circa festivitatem sancti Andreæ" that "Albricus comes" [not otherwise identified], who had killed “Megingaudum”, was killed by “Stephano fratre Walonis”[795]. Regino records that in 897 "Stephanus, Odacar, Gerardus et Matfridus comites" had their honours confiscated, presumably as a result of this revenge killing, and the reconciliation of "Stephanus, Gerhardus et Matfridus" with King Zwentibold soon afterwards after the intervention of Emperor Arnulf[796]. The reconciliation was short-lived, as Regino specifies that "Zuantibold" was killed in battle "900 Id Aug" by "comitibus Stephano, Gerardo et Matfriedo circa Mosam"[797]. Ludwig IV "das Kind" King of the East Franks confirmed an exchange of property (including “locum...in regione Wetereiba nomine Salzaha”) between Kloster Fulda and "nobilis comes Stefan" with the consent of "germani sui Walohonis viri religiosi" by spurious charter dated 900[798]. The following document refers to the same transaction: “Stephan...comes” donated property “in regione Wetareibu...Salzaha...” near “Crichesfeld” to Fulda, with the consent of “germani mei Walahes”, by charter dated 900[799]. No later reference to Stefan has been found, which suggests that he died soon afterwards.

2. WALACHO [Walo] (-after [900]). He is named as brother of Stefan by Regino who records in 896 "circa festivitatem sancti Andreæ" that "Albricus comes" [not otherwise identified], who had killed “Megingaudum”, was killed by “Stephano fratre Walonis”[800]. This last phrase suggests that Walacho was in some way senior to Stefan, but the precise nature of this seniority has not been established unless it was because of Walacho’s ecclesiastical office which is unspecified by Regino. Ludwig IV "das Kind" King of Germany confirmed an exchange of property between Kloster Fulda and "nobilis comes Stefan" with the consent of "germani sui Walohonis viri religiosi" by spurious charter dated 900[801]. No later reference to Walacho has been found, which suggests that he died soon afterwards. Walacho’s precise ecclesiastical appointment (“viri religiosi”) has not been ascertained, although this office means that Walacho must have been a different person from Walacho [II] Graf im Wormsgau who is named with his comital title in sources dated between 897 and 902 (maybe 936) (see the document FRANCONIA NOBILITY). The following document refers to the same transaction: “Stephan...comes” donated property “in regione Wetareibu...Salzaha...” near “Crichesfeld” to Fulda, with the consent of “germani mei Walahes”, by charter dated 900[802]. These are the only sources quoted in the present section which describe two of the brothers as “germani” rather than “fratres”. The significance of this distinction is difficult to assess. The classical Latin term “germanus” meant a full brother born to the same parents, while “frater” could include half-brothers, although Depoin cites pre-11th century sources in which “germanus” described brothers who shared the same father but not the same mother[803]. Unfortunately, practical usage of Latin family terms in medieval times was inconsistent and it would be unwise to draw definite conclusions about doubtful cases in the absence of corroborative data[804]. Nevertheless, it is interesting to highlight the distinction between the use of the two terms in relation to Walacho and his brothers, while impossible to draw reliable conclusions about its significance.

3. GERHARD ([870/75][805]-killed in battle 22 Jun 910). The De Rebus Treverensibus sæculi VIII-X Libellus names two brothers "Gerardus et Meffridus" specifying that Gerhard married Oda, widow of King Zwentibold[806]. Regino records that in 897 "Stephanus, Odacar, Gerardus et Matfridus comites" had their honours confiscated, and the reconciliation of "Stephanus, Gerhardus et Matfridus" with King Zwentibold soon after[807]. The reconciliation was short-lived, as Regino specifies that "Zuantibold" was killed in battle "900 Id Aug" by "comitibus Stephano, Gerardo et Matfriedo circa Mosam"[808]. Regino records that "Chuonradus comes" sent "filium suum Chuonradum" against "Gerardum et fratrem eius Matfridum" in 906[809]. The Annales Laubecenses record that "Gebehardum ducem et Liutfredum" were killed in battle against the Bavarians in 910[810]. m (after 13 Aug 900) as her second husband, ODA, widow of ZWENTIBOLD King of Lotharingia [Carolingian], daughter of OTTO "des Erlauchten" Duke of Saxony & his wife Hedwig ([884][811]-[2 Jul] after 952). Regino records that "Gerhard comes" married "Odam uxorem Zuendiboldi regis" after killing her first husband in battle in 900[812]. "Otto…rex" confirmed the donation of property "in pago…Hamalant in comitatu Vuigmanni" to St Moritz at Magdeburg by "nostra amita…Uota" by charter dated 30 Dec 952[813]. Gerhard & his wife had four children:

a) WICFRID (-9 Jul 953). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 2 Aug 945, relating to roperty "in pago Juliacense in comitatu Godefridi comitis", subscribed by "Wichfridi archiepiscopi…fratris eius Godefridi comitis"[814]. Abbot of St Ursula at Köln. Deacon 922. Archbishop of Köln 925. Regino records in 923 the death of “Herimannus...Coloniensis episcopus” and the appointment of “Wigfridus”[815]. Flodoard records in 953 the death of “Wicfredus Coloniensis antistes” and the ordination of “Bruno frater regis Ottonis” to whom “rex Otto” also granted “regnum Lothariense”[816]. The Continuator of Regino records the death in 953 of “Wigfridus Coloniensis ecclesiæ archiepiscopus” and the appointment of “Brun frater regis”[817]. Archchancellor 950. The Annales Colonienses record the death in 953 of "Wicfridus archiepiscopus" and the succession of "Bruno"[818]. The Kalendarium of Köln Cathedral records the death “VII Id Jul” of “Wifridus archiepiscopus”[819].

b) UDA (-after 18 May 963). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. A charter dated 943 refers to "Gozlines…miles…ex nobilissimis regni Chlotarii ducens prosapia" (the wording implying that he was then deceased) and the donation by "uxor eius Uda et filius eius…Regingerus" to St Maximin at Trier of property "Hunzelinesdorph", subscribed by "Ogonis abbatis, Friderici, Gisilberti, Sigeberti fratrum predicti Gozlini"[820]. "Otto…rex" confirmed a donation of property "Dauantri in pago…Hamalant in comitatu Wichmanni comitis…" inherited by "Uda nostra nepta" by charter dated 28 Aug 960[821]. "Uda…comitissa" donated property "in pago Rizzigowi cui Egylolfus comes" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…seniorique mei Gozlini necnon filiorum meorum Henrici…et Reginheri, Godefridi quoque et Adalberonis" by charter dated 18 May 963 witnessed by "Sigefrido comite, Richwino comite"[822]. m GOZLIN [Gozelon] Comte, son of WIGERICH [III] Graf im Bidgau & his wife Cunegundis --- ([before 915]-[12 Oct 942/16 Feb 943][823] [19 Oct 942]).

c) daughter. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. m ---, a Bavarian.

d) GOTTFRIED ([905/10]-26 Mar after 949). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. his birth date range is estimated from the likely marriage date of his parents and the date his father died. Property "in pago Juliacense in comitatu Godefridi comitis" is referred to in a charter dated 2 Aug 945, signed by "Wichfridi archiepiscopi…fratris eius Godefridi comitis"[824]. "Otto…rex" confirmed the possession of Süsteren abbey for Kloster Prüm by charter dated 1 Jun 949, which names "Wicfridus episcopus…Godefridus comes…"[825]. Graf im Jülichgau. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont records the death "4 Kal Apr" of "Godefridus comes"[826]. m (before [934]) ERMENTRUDE, daughter of ---. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont: lists (1) "Dumnus Gislibertus dux…Dumna Girberga, Ainricus, Haduidis…", which is followed by (2) "Gottefridus comes cum infantibus…suis, Ermentridis comitissa"[827], and (3) "Gotefridus, Ermendrudis, Gotefridus, Gebardus, Gerardus, Adelardus, Girberga" assumed to be Gottfried, his wife, four sons and daughter[828]. , and (4) "…Caroli imperatoris…Hludowici imperatoris, Hlotarii, Caroli, Ermentrudis"[829], which may represent an abbreviated attempt to set out the ancestry of Ermentrude wife of Graf Gottfried. Hlawitschka suggests[830] that Ermentrude was Ermentrude of the Franks, daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks & his first wife Frederuna. He appears to base this on another name list in the Liber Memorialis naming the Carolingian kings and emperors (in order) "…Caroli imperatoris…Hludowici imperatoris, Hlotarii, Caroli, Ermentrudis"[831], suggesting that this represents an abbreviated attempt to set out the ancestry of Ermentrude wife of Graf Gottfried. However, the connection between entries (1) to (3) and entry (4) appears to be speculation. Gottfried & his wife had five children:

i) GOTTFRIED (-in Italy 964). The Vita Adelheidis refers to the four brothers of "Gerbirg…filia ducis Godefridi", of whom "unus paterno nominee...obiit [sine] legitimæ uxoris et liberorum…alter …attavus fuit Henrici nuper defuncti imperatoris [Heinrich III]", the remaining two being ancestors of German nobles[832]. He died of fever in Italy. "Otto…imperator augustus" gave property in Villers-Ghislain to the abbey of St Ghislain "pro remedio…quondam…ducis nostri Godefridi" on the request of Bruno archbishop of Köln and "Richarius comes" by charter dated 2 Jun 965[833].

ii) GERBERGA (after 934-[995]). The Vita Adelheidis names "Gerbirg…filia ducis Godefridi" as wife of "Megengoz"[834]. The Memorial of "Megendaudus…Gerbirga marito" also names "Irmendrudis", recording that she was born with them, presumably indicating that she was their daughter, with the name "Adelheidis abbatissa" recorded at the end of the passage out of context[835]. m MEGINGOZ, son of --- (-14 Jan [998]).

iii) GEBHARD . The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont in [930s/940s] names (in order) "Gotefridus, Ermendrudis, Gotefridus, Gebardus, Gerardus, Adelardus, Girberga" assumed to be Gottfried, his wife, four sons and daughter [836].

iv) GERHARD ([930/35][837]-after 963). The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont in [930s/940s] names (in order) "Gotefridus, Ermendrudis, Gotefridus, Gebardus, Gerardus, Adelardus, Girberga" assumed to be Gottfried, his wife, four sons and daughter540. Graf von Metz 963. The Vita Adelheidis refers to the four brothers of "Gerbirg…filia ducis Godefridi", of whom "unus paterno nominee...obiit [sine] legitimæ uxoris et liberorum…alter …attavus fuit Henrici nuper defuncti imperatoris [Heinrich III]", the remaining two being ancestors of German nobles[838].

- see below.

v) ADELARD . The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont in [930s/940s] names (in order) "Gotefridus, Ermendrudis, Gotefridus, Gebardus, Gerardus, Adelardus, Girberga" assumed to be Gottfried, his wife, four sons and daughter540.

4. MATFRIED (-19 Aug [930]). The De Rebus Treverensibus sæculi VIII-X Libellus names two brothers "Gerardus et Meffridus"[839]. Regino records that in 897 "Stephanus, Odacar, Gerardus et Matfridus comites" had their honours confiscated, and the reconciliation of "Stephanus, Gerhardus et Matfridus" with King Zwentibold soon after[840]. The reconciliation was short-lived, as Regino specifies that "Zuantibold" was killed in battle "900 Id Aug" by "comitibus Stephano, Gerardo et Matfriedo circa Mosam"[841]. Graf [von Metz]. Regino records that "Chuonradus comes" sent "filium suum Chuonradum" against "Gerardum et fratrem eius Matfridum" in 906[842]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus"[843]. A document dated 7 Nov 921 recording a meeting between Charles III "le Simple" King of France and Heinrich I King of Germany names "Matfredus, Erkengerus, Hagano, Boso, Waltherus, Isaac, Ragenberus, Theodricus, Adalardus, Adelelmus" as representatives of the former[844]. "Bernacrus…et uxor mea Eva necnon et filia nostra Albuera" donated property "Radinga in pago Metensi in comitatu Matfridi" to St Maximin, supported by "Giselbertum comitem…atque abbatis", by charter dated 926[845]. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont records the death "XIV Kal Sep" of "Matfridus"[846]. m LANTSIND, daughter of RADALD & his wife Rotrud --- (-7 Mar ----). The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont names "Domini Dadoni episcopi cum genitore Radaldo et matri Rotrude sororibusque Uuilburch et Lantsint cum fratre Adelberto et filiis suis"[847]. Her marriage is confirmed by Flodoard naming "Bernuino, Dadonis episcopi nepoti"[848], Bishop Dado being Lantsind's brother and Bernuin her son, combined with the Vita of Johannes von Gorze which names "[Adelbert] cum fratris Bernuini Virdunensis episcopi"[849]. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont records the death "Non Mar" of "Lantsquent"[850]. Matfried & his wife had three children:

a) ADALBERT (-killed in battle 27 Jan or 10 Feb 944). The Vita of Johannes von Gorze names "[Adelbert] cum fratris Bernuini Virdunensis episcopi"[851]. Regino records that "Adalbertus comes filius Matfridi" was killed in 944 by "Uodone"[852]. Graf [von Metz]. m as her first husband, LIUTGARDE, daughter of WIGERICH [III] Graf im Bidgau & his wife Cunegundis --- (-after 4 Aug 960). "Liutgardis" donated property "in comitatu Nithegowe cui Godefridus comes" inherited from "parentibus meis Wigerico et Cunegunda" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…parentum meorum, seniorum quoque meorum Alberti et Everhardi vel filiorum meorum" by charter dated 8 Apr 960[853]. A more precise indication of the parentage of Liutgarde's two husbands has not been identified. She married secondly [Eberhard [IV] Graf im Nordgau] [Egisheim]. Eberhard [IV] Graf im Nordgau is shown as Liutgarde's second husband in Poull[854] and Europäische Stammtafeln[855]. Rösch[856] is more cautious, referring to Liutgarde's second husband as "Eberhard" without citing his origin. Wegener[857] assumes that the wording of the 960 charter means that "Alberti et Everhardi" were Liutgard's successive husbands and that both were deceased at the date of the charter, although this is not necessarily the only interpretation of the text. He argues that Liutgarde's second husband could not therefore have been Eberhard [IV] Graf im Nordgau, who died in [972/73], and suggests that "Eberhard" was Eberhard Duke of Bavaria [Liutpoldinger]. However, as the last reference to Duke Eberhard is in 938, this would mean that he was Luitgarde's first husband, which appears unlikely if the order of the names of her two husbands in the charter was chronological. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines provides some interesting corroboration for Liutgarde's marriage to Graf Eberhard [IV] by recording "comes Hugo de Daburg, pater sancti Leonis pape" as "consobrinus" of "imperator Conradus"[858]. If Liutgarde's two marriages were as shown here, Hugo [IX] Graf von Egisheim was second cousin once removed of Emperor Konrad, the emperor being the great-grandson of Liutgarde by her first marriage, and Hugo her grandson by her first marriage. Adalbert & his wife had two children:

i) MATFRIED (before 944-). The Notitiæ Altorfenses names "Mefridus, patruus prefatorum dominorum" (referring to "comitis Eberhardi sive comitis Hugonis vel istorum fratrum Gerhardi et Maffridi") in relation to a donation he made to Metz St Etienne[859]. These four brothers were the sons of Hugo [V] "Raucus" Graf im Nordgau [Egisheim], who was the son of Luitgarde [Wigeriche] and her second husband Eberhard Graf im Nordgau. The relationship "patruus" referred to above is therefore consistent with Matfried having been paternal uncle of the brothers, uterine half-brother of their father. No other primary source which confirms his parentage has yet been identified. 960. m ---, [relative of Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun].

ii) [LIUTGARDE . Thierry Stasser suggests that the wife of Robert [I] Comte de Namur may have been [Liutgarde], daughter of Adalbert Graf [von Metz], emphasising that this purely speculative based only on onomastics[860]. m ROBERT [I] Comte de Namur, son of ---.]

b) BERNOIN (-939). The Vita of Johannes von Gorze names "[Adelbert] cum fratris Bernuini Virdunensis episcopi"[861]. Flodoard names "Bernuino, Dadonis episcopi nepoti"[862], referring to Bernoin's maternal uncle. Gallia Christiana records the succession as bishop of Verdun in 925 of “Bernuinum Dadonis nepotem, comitis Adelberti germanum”[863]. Bishop of Verdun 928. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 920 of “Dado episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Bernoynus”[864]. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 941 of “Bernoinus episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Berengarius Ottonis imperatoris consanguineus”[865].

c) daughter . The Vita of Johannes von Gorze names "cognatus ipsius [Adalberti]…Lantberti, nam eius sororem habebat"[866]. m LAMBERT, son of ---.

5. RICHER (-23 Jul 945, bur Liège Saint-Pierre). Abbot of Prüm [892]: Regino records the death in 892 of “Farabertus abba Prumensis cœnobii” and the election of "Richarium, fratrem Gerhardi et Mathfridi" as his successor[867]. Bishop of Liège [920]. The Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensis records that “Richario” was appointed bishop of Liège in succession to Stefan[868]. Sigebert's Chronica records in 921 that, after the death of "Stephano Leodicensium episcopo", “Richarius” was ordained bishop “a Karolo per auctoritatem papæ Romani”, rejecting “Hilduino qui pecunia data duci Gisleberto ambiebat ab eo sibi dari episcopatum”[869]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the succession of “Richarius...abbas Prumiensis et Stabulensis a rege Francorum Karolo Simplico electus per auctoritatem pape Iohannis...decimi”[870]. The Annales Lobienses record the death in 920 of "Stephanus episcopus Leodicensium" and the dispute between "Hilduinum et Richarium" over which should succeed, Hilduin being supported by "Gisleberti ducis" and Richer by "Karolus" as well as the Pope, and record the election of "Richarius" in 922[871]. The Annales Stabulenses record the death in 945 of "Richeri episcopi"[872]. The Annales Lobienses record the death in 945 of "Richarius Leodicensium episcopus" and the succession of "Uhogo"[873]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the death “X Kal Aug” 945 of “Richarius” after holding office for 24 years and his burial “in ecclesia sancti Petri”[874]. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont records the death "X Kal Aug" of "Richerus episcopus"[875].

GERHARD, son of GOTTFRIED Graf im Jülichgau & his wife Ermentrude of the Franks ([930/35]-after 963). The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont in [930s/940s] names (in order) "Gotefridus, Ermendrudis, Gotefridus, Gebardus, Gerardus, Adelardus, Girberga" assumed to be Gottffried, his wife, four sons and daughter[876]. Graf von Metz 963. The Vita Adelheidis refers to the four brothers of "Gerbirg…filia ducis Godefridi", of whom "unus paterno nominee...obiit [sine] legitimæ uxoris et liberorum…alter …attavus fuit Henrici nuper defuncti imperatoris [Heinrich III]", the remaining two being ancestors of German nobles[877].

m ---. The name of Gerhard's wife is not known.

Gerhard & his wife had [two possible children]:

1. [RICHARD ([950/55][878]-after 986). Graf [von Metz]. 982. Nephew of Wicfrid Bishop of Verdun, although the primary source on which this is based has not been identified, nor the precise nature of the relationship. "Varneri comitis, Richardi comitis…" witnessed the charter dated 986 under which Gérard Bishop of Toul donated the church of Andelier to the abbey of Saint-Mansuy[879].]

2. [GERHARD . No proof has been found of the paternity of Richard and his possible brother Gerhard. However, the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines provides some interesting support for the affiliation shown here by recording "comes Hugo de Daburg, pater sancti Leonis pape" as "consobrinus" of "imperator Conradus"[880]. If Liutgarde, supposed paternal grandmother of Richard and Gerhard, married twice as shown above, Hugo [VI] Graf von Egisheim would have been second cousin once removed of Emperor Konrad, the emperor being the great-grandson of Liutgarde by her first marriage, Hugo being her grandson by her first marriage.

Three siblings. No primary source has been found which confirms their parentage. From a chronological point of view, they could have been children of Richard Graf von Metz or his supposed brother Gerhard who are shown above.

1. GERHARD (-[1021/33]). Herimannus names "Gerhardum comitem, Counradi postea imperatoris avunculum" when recording his defeat in 1017 by "Godefridus dux partis Lotharingorum"[881]. Wipo names "Adalheida ex nobilissima gente Litharingorum oriunda…soror…comitem Gerhardi et Adalberti" and mother of "maioris Chuononis", specifying that the brothers were "de antiquo genere Troianorum regem"[882]. Graf [von Metz] 1006. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the properties of the convent of St Vanne at Verdun, among which that donated by "Gerardi comitis…[et] Rodulfi filii Rodulfi comitis…[et] comes Gotdefridus…et Herimannus comes in comitatu Bracbantinse…[et] frater eius dux Godefridus", and donated "Mosomum" on the petition of "Herimanni comitis" by charter dated 1015[883]. "Comes Gerardus" donated property to the monastery of Fruttuaria, at the request of "conjuge Eva" for the soul of "filii sui Sigifredi defuncti", by charter dated 1020, witnessed by "Girardi, Giselberti, Folmarii comitum…"[884]. m EVA [de Luxembourg], daughter of SIEGFRIED Comte [de Luxembourg] & his wife Hedwig --- (-19 Apr after 18 Jun 1040). "Comes Gerardus" donated property to the monastery of Fruttuaria, at the request of "conjuge Eva" for the soul of "filii sui Sigifredi defuncti", by charter dated 1020, witnessed by "Girardi, Giselberti, Folmarii comitum…"[885]. Her parentage is deduced from Thietmar naming her son Siegfried, son of Count Gerhard, "the empress's nephew"[886]. This is confirmed by "Henricus…rex" granting property "in villa Morlinga in pago Musiligeauue in comitatu Uirad" to "Abenze…ex parte sue sororis contectalis Heinrici imperatoris" by charter dated 18 Jun 1040[887]. Gerhard & his wife had [two] children:

a) SIEGFRIED (-[27 Aug 1017/3 Feb 1020]). Thietmar names Siegfried, son of Count Gerhard, specifying that he was the empress's nephew and recording that he was captured when his father met Godefroi Duke of Lower Lotharingia for "a judicial duel" 27 Aug 1017[888]. "Comes Gerardus" donated property to the monastery of Fruttuaria, at the request of "conjuge Eva" for the soul of "filii sui Sigifredi defuncti", by charter dated 1020, witnessed by "Girardi, Giselberti, Folmarii comitum…"[889].

b) [BERSCINDA . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. Abbess of Remiremont [1030/1040].]

2. ADALBERT (-(-[1 Feb/30 Jun] 1037 or after, bur Bourzonville Monastery). Wipo names "Adalheida ex nobilissima gente Litharingorum oriunda…soror…comitem Gerhardi et Adalberti" and mother of "maioris Chuononis"[890]. Graf von Metz.

- see below.

3. ADELHEID ([975][891]-19 May [1039/46], bur Öhningen Stiftskirche). Wipo names "Adalheida ex nobilissima gente Litharingorum oriunda…soror…comitem Gerhardi et Adalberti" and mother of "maioris Chuononis"[892]. Her second marriage is suggested by the Vita Meinwerci which names "Gebehardus iuvenis, frater imperatoris" when recording his tonsure at the synod in 1028[893], Gerhard not being named elsewhere as the full brother of Emperor Konrad I. m firstly HEINRICH Graf im Wormsgau, son of OTTO Duke of Carinthia, Graf im Nahe-, Speier-, und Wormsgau [Salier] & his wife Judith --- (-[20 Sep 989/1000]). m secondly ---. The name of Adelheid's second husband is not known. Adelheid & her second husband had [three] children:

a) GEBHARD ([after 1000]-1060). The Vita Meinwerci names "Gebehardus iuvenis, frater imperatoris" when recording his tonsure at the synod in 1028[894]. Herimannus names "Gebehardus, Counradi imperatoris ex matre Adalheide frater" when recording his installation as Bishop of Regensburg in 1036[895]. "Heinricus…rex" granted property "in loco…Ramprehtestetin/Ramarsstetin…in marchia et in comitatu Arnoldi marchionis" to "Adalrammo fideli nostro" by charter dated 1 Oct 1043 on the petition of "Gebehardi episcopi patrui nostri"[896].

b) [ROTHILD ([after 1000]-2 Dec ----). The death of "Chrothildis Ottonis III filia, Conradi imperatoris soror, avia mea" is recorded "IV Non Dec" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[897]. While Rothild could clearly not have been the daughter of Emperor Otto III, it would be chronologically plausible if she was the uterine half-sister of Emperor Konrad II. If she had been the emperor's full sister there would no doubt have been more than this single reference to her existence. m ---. The name of Rothild's husband is not known.] Rothild & her husband had one child:

i) DADA "de Monte Walcherii" (-17 Oct ----). The death of "Dada de monte Walcherii, mater mea, Crothildis filia" is recorded "XVI Kal Nov" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[898]. m RAINER --- (-27 Jul ----). The death of "Raynerus, pater meus" is recorded "VI Kal Aug" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[899]. Rainer & his wife had four children:

(a) FRIEDRICH (-11 Feb before [1140]). The death of "Fredericus laycus, frater meus" is recorded "III Idus Feb" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[900].

(b) GERHARD (-16 Oct before [1140]). The death of "Gerardus laycus, frater meus" is recorded "XVII Kal Nov" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[901].

(c) RAINER (-11 Dec before [1140]). The death of "Raynerus iunior, frater meus" is recorded "III Id Dec" in the Necrologium included in the Chronicon Hugonis[902].

(d) HUGO (Verdun 1065-[1140][903]). Monk at Verdun and at the abbey of Flavigny, he was the author of the Chronicon Hugonis.

c) [---. m ---.]

i) LIETARD . "Lietardus, imperatoris Conradi nepos et consanguineus" is named in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, when recording that he became a monk at Verdun under Frederic of Lotharingia "Bailodium [=Baileu] tradens"[904]. This must have occurred before 1022, the date of Frederic's death. It is not known how Lietard was related to Emperor Konrad, but the most likely possibility is that one his parents was the emperor's uterine brother or sister. This is further supported by the reference to Verdun, where the son of his supposed first cousin was also a monk. The name Lietard suggests a family connection with the Comtes de Huy (see the document LOWER LOTHARINGIAN NOBILITY).

ADALBERT, son of [RICHARD Graf von Metz or GERARD Graf von Metz] & his wife --- (-[1 Feb/30 Jun] 1037 or after, bur Bourzonville Monastery). Wipo names "Adalheida ex nobilissima gente Litharingorum oriunda…soror…comitem Gerhardi et Adalberti" and mother of "maioris Chuononis"[905]. Graf von Metz. The Chronicle of St Bénigne de Dijon records a donation by "Albertus comes Mettensis" of "villam Vulferei", recording that after his death "Girardus dux filius eius" cancelled the donation, undated but listed among records of other donations in the late 1020s[906]. "Adelbertus dux et marchio Lotoringie et Iuditta uxor mea ducissa et marchionissa" donated property "villam nostram Mamendorf" to the abbey of St Matthew by charter dated 12 Jun 1037[907]. The testament dated 1037 of "Adalbero…prepositus S Paulini Treuerensis" is witnessed by "Adelberti avunculi nostri marchionis et ducis Lothoringie et Iuditte amicte nostre uxoris sue"[908].

m JUDITH, daughter of --- (-27 Jul [1037/38], bur Bourzonville/Busendorf). The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names "Adalbertus comes marchio et uxor sua Iuditha" as parents of Gerhard, noting that they were both buried in the monastery and in a later passage noting their joint donation dated "1033 pridie Kal Feb"[909]. "Iuta marchionissa Litoringie" donated property "villam nostram Mamendorf" to the abbey of St Matthew by charter dated 1030[910]. "Adelbertus dux et marchio Lotoringie et Iuditta uxor mea ducissa et marchionissa" donated property "villam nostram Mamendorf" to the abbey of St Matthew by charter dated 12 Jun 1037[911]. The testament dated 1037 of "Adalbero…prepositus S Paulini Treuerensis" is witnessed by "Adelberti avunculi nostri marchionis et ducis Lothoringie et Iuditte amicte nostre uxoris sue"[912]. It is not clear from the document whether it was Judith or her husband who was the blood relation of Adalbero. "Avunculus" suggests that Adalbert was Adalbero's maternal uncle. This cannot be correct as Adalbert's brother Gerhard is recorded as having married Siegfried's daughter Eva, who would in that case have been his niece. It appears more likely, therefore, that the relationship was with Judith. "Amita" suggests that Judith was Adalbero´s paternal aunt. However, Siegfried´s birth is estimated to [930/40]. The precise relationship between Judith and Siegfried cannot be ascertained.

Graf Adalbert & his wife had one child:

1. GERHARD (-1045, bur Bourzonville Monastery). The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names "Gerhardus comes marchio filius [Adalbertus comes marchio et uxor sua Iuditha] cum uxore sua Gisela", noting that they were both buried in the monastery[913]. Graf. "Gerardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the souls of "patris mei Adalberti et avunculi mei Gerardi" by charter dated 30 Jun 1033[914]. Gérard Comte d'Alsace settled a dispute with the abbess of Remiremont for the souls of "Adelbert et Juditte ses père et mère" by charter, now lost, dated May 1038[915]. m GISELA, daughter of --- (-bur Bourzonville Monastery). "Gerardus…Lothariensium dux" donated property to Echternach abbey by charter dated 11 Apr 1067 which names "uxoris mea Hadvidis filiique nostre Theoderici…patris mei Gerhardi matrisque meæ Gislæ"[916]. The Codex de l’Angelica records “comitissa Gisla” donating a serf to Remiremont “ante domnum suum Girardum et filiam suam Beatricem sacratistam...”, undated[917]. Graf Gerhard & his wife had eleven children:

a) ADALBERT [Albert] (-killed in battle near Thuin 11 Nov 1048). The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[918]. Emperor Heinrich III appointed him as ADALBERT Duke of Upper Lotharingia in early 1047, after confiscating the duchy from Godefroi II "le Barbu" Duke of Upper Lotharingia. [Comte de Longwy. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Albertum de Longui castro, quem…ducem", the text appearing to refer to the duke of Upper Lotharingia[919]. No other record has been found of Longwy being held by the family of the Grafen von Metz. Szabolcs de Vajay suggests that the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium incorrectly attributes Longwy to Duke Adalbert, confusing him with Albert [II] Graf von Dachsburg, first husband of Ermensende de Luxembourg who is later recorded as heiress of Longwy[920]. Vannérus highlights the solution to the problem, indicating that the Gesta’s “Longui castro” in fact indicated “Longcastre = Longchâtel = Longchâteau” and not Longwy “ainsi que Louis Schaudel l’a déjà prouvé”[921]. If that is correct Duke Adalbert was never Comte de Longwy.] Duke Adalbert was killed fighting the forces of ex-Duke Godefroi. No indication has been found of the name of Duke Adalbert's wife, assuming that he was married at all. Szabolcs de Vajay[922] has confirmed the incorrectness of his earlier proposition that Duke Adalbert's wife was Clémence de Foix, and that the Duke was the father of Etiennette (wife of Guillaume Comte de Bourgogne) and Clémence (wife of Conrad Comte de Luxembourg). The Kalendarium Sanctæ Mariæ Virdunensis records the death "III Id Nov" of "fuit prœlium ducis Alberti"[923]. No indication has been found of the name of Duke Adalbert's wife. Szabolcs de Vajay[924] has confirmed the incorrectness of his previous proposition that she was Clémence de Foix, and that the duke was the father of Etiennette (wife of Guillaume Comte de Bourgogne) and Clémence (wife of Conrad Comte de Luxembourg).

b) GERHARD (-Remiremont [14 Apr] or 11 Aug [1070]). The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[925]. In an earlier passage, the same source names "Odelrico comite et Gerhardo duce" as sons and successors of "Gerhardus comes marchio [et] cum uxore sua Gisela"[926]. Graf von Metz. Emperor Heinrich III appointed him as GERARD Duke of Upper Lotharingia after his brother was killed in battle in Nov 1048.

- DUKES of LORRAINE.

c) KONRAD . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[927].

d) ADALBERO . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[928].

e) BEATRIX . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[929]. Nun at Remiremont. The Codex de l’Angelica records “comitissa Gisla” donating a serf to Remiremont “ante domnum suum Girardum et filiam suam Beatricem sacratistam...”, undated[930].

f) ODELRICH (-1065 or after, bur Bourzonville Monastery). A letter of Rodulfi Abbatis quotes a charter of "Adelbero…Metensis episcopus" dated 1065 which is signed by "domnus Theodericus nepos eius, domnus Gervoldus archidiaconus, domnus Odelricus frater ducis Gerardi…"[931]. The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names "Odelrico comite et Gerhardo duce" as sons and successors of "Gerhardus comes marchio [et] cum uxore sua Gisela"[932]. Odelrich is not included in the list of the ten other children of Gerhard and Gisela included in another passage of the same source[933]. The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names "filiis [Gisila…et Gerhardo duce] Odelrico", recording that he was buried with his parents[934].

g) CUONO . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[935]. Hlawitschka suggests that those named after Beatrix were more distant relations[936].

h) ODA . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[937]. Hlawitschka suggests that those named after Beatrix were more distant relations[938]. Abbess of Remiremont 1048-1070.

i) AZELINE . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[939]. Hlawitschka suggests that those named after Beatrix were more distant relations[940].

j) IDA . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[941]. Hlawitschka suggests that those named after Beatrix were more distant relations[942].

k) ADELHEID . The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ names (in order) "Adalbertus, Gerhardus, Cuonradus, Adalbero, Beatrix, Cuono, Huoda abbatissa, Azelinus, Ida, Adeleth" as children of "Gerhardus comes [et] Gisela"[943]. Hlawitschka suggests that those named after Beatrix were more distant relations[944].

B. GRAFEN von METZ (FOLMAR)

FOLMAR [VII] de Metz, son of FOLMAR [VI] Comte de Metz & his wife Suanehilde --- (-25 Jun 1111, bur Lixheim). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Metz, Huneburg et Lunéville. He founded Lixheim in 1107.

m ---. The name of Folmar's wife is not known.

Graf Folmar [VII] & his wife had three children:

1. FOLMAR [VIII] (-1145, bur Beaupré). Graf von Metz et de Homburg. “Folmaro comite eiusdem loci advocato, Gomaro subadvocato...” subscribed the charter dated 1121 under which Etienne Bishop of Metz confirmed the property of Longueville abbey[945]. "…Comes Folmarus, Hugonellus heres et filius meus" subscribed the charter dated 1128 under which "Comes Rainaldus" restored property at Maidières to Liège Saint-Lambert on the advice of "fratris nostri Stephani Metensi episcopi"[946]. He founded the abbey of Beaupré in 1135. A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[947]. m MECHTILD [de Dagsburg, daughter of ALBERT [I] [de Moha] Graf von Egisheim und Dagsburg & his second wife Ermensende de Luxembourg] (-[1135/57]). The subscription by "Hugonis filii Folmari comitis…" of the charter dated to [1124] under which "Ermensendis comitissa Namucensis" confirmed the prior donation of property to the church of Verdun Sainte-Vanne by "senioris mei comitis Alberti"[948] is explained by Hugo being the grantor's grandson. If that is correct, the subscriber’s mother would have been the daughter of Albert [II], by his second wife. A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[949]. “Folmarus comes de Castello et comitissa Mathildis mater uxoris meæ” founded Beaupré, recorded in a charter dated 1161[950]. Graf Folmar [VIII] & his wife had six children:

a) HUGO (-1159 or after). "Ermensendis comitissa Namucensis" confirmed the prior donation of property to the church of Verdun Saint-Vanne by "senioris mei comitis Alberti" by charter dated to [1124], subscribed by "domni mei Godefridi comitis et filii mei Henrici comitis, Hugonis filii Folmari comitis, Everardi filii Aiulfi comitis"[951]. "…Comes Folmarus, Hugonellus heres et filius meus" subscribed the charter dated 1128 under which "Comes Rainaldus" restored property at Maidières to Liège Saint-Lambert on the advice of "fratris nostri Stephani Metensi episcopi"[952]. Graf von Homburg 1147. Graf von Metz 1157. A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[953].

b) FOLMAR [IX] (-1171 or after). A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[954]. Graf von Lunéville 1160.

c) ALBERT . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1147.

d) CLEMENTIA . A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[955]. “Folmarus…comes de Castel…et uxor mea Clementia” made declarations relating to Gorze Abbey by charter dated to [1152/60][956]. “Folmarus comes de Castello et comitissa Mathildis mater uxoris meæ” founded Beaupré, recorded in a charter dated 1161[957]. m her second cousin, FOLMAR [I] Graf von Bliescastel, son of GOTTFRIED [I] Graf von Bliescastel & his wife ---.

e) AGNES (-before 1180). A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[958]. Heiress of Longwy. m LUDWIG [I] Graf von Looz und Rieneck Stadtgraf von Mainz, son of ARNAUD [II] Comte de Looz, Graf von Rieneck & his wife [Aleide ---] (-11 Aug 1171).

f) ADELHEID (-after 1157). A charter dated 1157 confirms the foundation of the abbey of Beaupré “III Kal Mar” 1135 by “Folmarus comes Metensis...conjux eius femina felicis memoriæ comitissa Mathildis sed et filii eorum Folmarus et Hugo necnon et filiæ Clementia, Agnes et Adeleidis”[959].

2. HUGUES . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1101.

3. THEOGAR (-1120). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Bishop of Metz 1117, installed 1118.

Chapter 11. GRAFEN im NIEDGAU

The county of Niedgau, whose name derives from the river Nied a tributary of the river Sarre, lay south and west of the county of Lower Saargau, east of the counties of Metz and Rizzigau, and north of Saulnois[960]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Nitachowa…" to King Ludwig[961]. In the late 10th century, properties in Niedgau are recorded in the county of Siegfried Comte [de Luxembourg][962]. Adalbert Comte de Metz founded the abbey of Bouzonville in the county of Nitagau[963]. The Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ records that "Adalbertus comes [Comte de Metz] marchio et uxor sua Iuditha" founded the monastery of Bouzonville in the county of Niedgau in 1033[964], and it appears that the county remained with their descendants the dukes of Lorraine.

[Three] siblings:

1. HATTO (-after 19 Jan 882). Graf im Niedgau. "Hatto comes" donated property adjacent to that of "Luitfredus comes nepos meus" to "monasterio Blidenstat…in pago Nithegowe in villa Wilena" by charter dated 13 Nov 849[965]. An agreement between Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks and his brother Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks dated Jun 860 names "nobilis ac fidelibus laicis…Chuonradus, Evrardus, Adalardus, Arnustus, Warnarius, Liutfridus, Hruodolfus, Erkingarius, Gislebertus, Ratbodus, Arnulfus, Hugo, item Chuonradus, Liutharius, Berengarius, Matfridus, Boso, Sigeri, Hartmannus, Liuthardus, Richuinus, Wigricus, Hunfridus, Bernoldus, Hatto, Adalbertus, Burchardus, Christianus, Leutulfus, Hessi, Herimannus, item Hruodulfus, Sigehardus"[966]. "Hludovicus rex" donated property "ex fisco nostro Wisibad in pago Cunigeshundra in villa…Nordinstat in comitatu Hattonis comitis" to Kloster Bleidenstatt by charter dated 19 Jan 882[967].

2. [--- . m ---. One child]:

a) LIUTFRIED (-after [874]). "Hatto comes" donated property adjacent to that of "Luitfredus comes nepos meus" to "monasterio Blidenstat…in pago Nithegowe in villa Wilena" by charter dated 13 Nov 849[968]. Graf im Niedgau. A charter dated to [874] records a donation of property "in Francia in pago Nitichevve in comitatu Liutfridi in villa…Hurnovva"[969].

3. WALTRUD . A summary of donations to Kloster Bleidenstatt includes the donation by "Hatto comes et soror eius Waltrud" of property "in Biburc", undated[970].

1. LIETARD [II] (-after 911). Graf im Niedgau. The monastery of St Maximin exchanged property "in pago Nedinse in comitatu Liutardi in loco…Burmeringas" for property "in pago Bedinse in comitatu Widrici…villa…Eslingis" with Rorich (vassal of Trier) by charter dated 1 Jan 909[971]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks granted property "Lestorphem…in pago Indensi [Nidensi]" to the church of Cambrai, with the consent of "Letardo…eiusdem pagi…comite", by charter dated 911[972].

1. EBERHARD (-before 965). m MATHILDE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 18 Oct 965 under which her daughter "Rigalind" donated property "hereditatis mee in pago Nithagowe in comitatu eiusdem Burcardi" to Kloster Bleidenstatt, for the souls of "parentum meorum Eburhardi et Mathildis", with the consent of "fratris mei Burcardi"[973]. Eberhard & his wife had three children:

a) BURKHARD (-after 18 Oct 965). Graf im Niedgau. "Rigalind" donated property "hereditatis mee in pago Nithagowe in comitatu eiusdem Burcardi" to Kloster Bleidenstatt, for the souls of "parentum meorum Eburhardi et Mathildis", with the consent of "fratris mei Burcardi", by charter dated 18 Oct 965, signed by "Rigalindis, Burcardi comitis, Eburhardi fratris eius…"[974].

b) EBERHARD (-after 18 Oct 965). "Rigalind" donated property "hereditatis mee in pago Nithagowe in comitatu eiusdem Burcardi" to Kloster Bleidenstatt, for the souls of "parentum meorum Eburhardi et Mathildis", with the consent of "fratris mei Burcardi", by charter dated 18 Oct 965, signed by "Rigalindis, Burcardi comitis, Eburhardi fratris eius…"[975].

c) REGELIND (-after 18 Oct 965). "Rigalind" donated property "hereditatis mee in pago Nithagowe in comitatu eiusdem Burcardi" to Kloster Bleidenstatt, for the souls of "parentum meorum Eburhardi et Mathildis", with the consent of "fratris mei Burcardi", by charter dated 18 Oct 965, signed by "Rigalindis, Burcardi comitis, Eburhardi fratris eius…"[976].

Chapter 12. COMTES d'ORNOIS

The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Odornense, quod Bernardus habuit…" to King Ludwig[977], and "…comitatum…Tullense aliud Odornense, quod Tetmarus habuit…" to King Charles[978]. The latter appears to refer to the county of Toul, but the former was probably a separate county. Vanderkindere suggests several different areas where this county may have been located: along the river Ornain (tributary of the Marne) either in the doyennés of Ligy and Dammarie ("upper" Ornois) or the doyennés of Gondrecourt and Reynel ("lower" Ornois); on the western border of Upper Lotharingia between the Perthois (in France) and the Soulossois; to the north of Verdun along the river Orne, a tributary of the Moselle[979]. Judging by the other territories which were assigned to King Ludwig under the 870 agreement, it is more likely that Ornois ruled by Bernard was in the eastern part of what was later the duchy of Upper Lotharingia.

1. BERNARD (-after 8 Aug 870). Comte d'Ornois. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Odornense, quod Bernardus habuit…" to King Ludwig[980].

Chapter 13. GRAFEN von SAARBRÜCKEN

The county of Lower Saargau included Saarbrücken, Saarlouis and Saarburg. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Sarachowa subterior…" to King Ludwig[981]. The county of Lower Saargau was also referred to as comitatus Waldervinga in the 10th century, and was part of the pagus Rezcensis [Rizzigau] which lay along the Mosel valley from Thionville to Sierck[982]. After the death of Comte Egilolf, Siegfried Comte [de Luxembourg] is recorded with properties in Rizzigau. Emperor Otto III granted the castle of Saarbrücken and its dependencies Völklingen, Quierscheidt and Wehrden to the bishop of Metz by charter dated 14 Apr 999[983]. However, the Luxembourg family of Siegfried continued to retain interests in the Lower Saargau, as demonstrated by the testament dated 12 Nov 1036 of "Adalbero…prepositus S Paulini Treuerensis", son of Siegfried, who is called in this document "dominus de Ruscheio, de Serico, de Sarburch et de Berincastel"[984]. The castle of Saarbrücken ("castellum Sarebrucca…in pago Sargowe") was confirmed once more in the hands of the church of Metz by Heinrich IV King of Germany by charter dated 3 Apr 1065[985]. By 1080, the county of Saarbrücken was held by Count Sigebert [I], whose ancestry is not known.

A. EARLY GRAFEN in SAARBRÜCKEN

1. EGILOLF (-after 963). Graf von Rizzigau: "Thiedo" donated property "Dalahem…in Rezcensi pago in comitatu Walderuingen cui Egilolfus comes preesse viditur" to St Maximin for the soul of "patris mei Humberti" by charter dated 962[986]. "Uda…comitissa" donated property "in pago Rizzigowi cui Egylolfus comes" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…seniorique mei Gozlini necnon filiorum meorum Henrici…et Reginheri, Godefridi quoque et Adalberonis" by charter dated 18 May 963 witnessed by "Sigefrido comite, Richwino comite"[987]. Vanderkindere suggests that Egilolf may have been the father of Comte Siegfried, who is recorded with properties in Rizzigau, or of his wife[988].

2. ODACRE [III] (-after 991). Graf in Saarbrücken. "Sigericus cum coniuge mea Betta" founded the abbey of Vergaville "in comitatu Saraburg ubi…Odacher…præesse, in villa Widirgo Deldorf", including donations of property "in comitatu Dextroch ubi Teodebertus præsidet…in comitatu Mortisna ubi Regimboldus præest…", with the consent of "filio nostro Deoderico", by charter dated 966, signed by "Sigerici comitis, Dominæ Bettæ, Odachri comitis…Theotberti comitis…" and sworn by "Lambertus filius ipsorum…ad vicem Cancellarii"[989]. "Odacker" donated property "in pago Salnensi in comitatu Hosonis ad Destrardo" the abbey of Longeville by charter dated 991, signed by "comitis Odakri, comitis Ymmonis…"[990]. same person as…? ODACRE . m (before 959) as her second husband, HILDEGONDE, widow of WALFRID, daughter of RAOUL Comte [d´Ivois] & his wife Eva --- (-12 Aug ----). Hildegonde donated property "le prieuré d'Amel, dans le voisinage de Joudreville" to Saint-Arnoul de Metz in memory of her late son Rodolphe by charter dated 959 which names her husband Comte Odacre[991].

B. GRAFEN im SAARGAU, GRAFEN von SAARBRÜCKEN

1. SIGEBERT [I] (-1105 or after). Heinrich IV King of Germany granted "villam…Wategozingen…in pago Saregowe et in comitatu eiusdem Sigeberti" to "nostro fideli Sigeberto" by charter dated 1080[992]. 1105. Graf im Saargau. m ---. The name of Sigebert's wife is not known. Graf Sigebert [I] & his wife had four children:

a) SIGEBERT [II] (-1130 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. “Sigebertus comes, Anselmus advocatus...” witnessed the charter dated 1109 under which Conrad Bishop of Strasbourg confirmed the privileges of the church "juxta Birsa...sancti Leonardo" [Bersch][993]. “...Sigebertus comes et frater eius Fridericus comes” witnessed the charter dated 2 Jan 1126 (O.S.?) under which Lothar King of Germany confirmed the privileges of St Blasius[994]. Graf von Elsass. Graf von Hohenburg. Vogt von Rosheim.

- GRAFEN von WERDE.

b) FRIEDRICH [I] (-before 1135). “...Sigebertus comes et frater eius Fridericus comes” witnessed the charter dated 2 Jan 1126 (O.S.?) under which Lothar King of Germany confirmed the privileges of St Blasius[995]. Graf von Saarbrücken. "Willelmus comes de Luzzelenburch, Hermanus comes de Caluerlage, Reinoldus comes, Conradus comes, Arnoldus comes, Gerlagus comes, Imeko comes, Gerhardus comes de Heinnersberch, Hermannus comes de Salmena et filius eius, Friderikus comes de Sarebrugge…" witnessed the charter dated 27 Dec 1127 under which Lothar King of Germany granted property in Dreiech to "ministeriali Cuonrado de Hagen…[et] uxori suæ Liuckardi"[996]. m as her second husband, GISELA, widow of --- [von Tecklenburg], daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not been identified. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[997], she may have been Gisela de Lorraine, daughter of Thierry II Duke of Lorraine & his second wife Gertrude de Flandre. The basis for this speculation is not known. Albero Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster Wadegozingen made by "domina Gisela comitis Friderici de Sarbrucken vidua…cum filio suo Simone" by charter dated 1135[998]. Graf Friedrich [I] & his wife had three children:

i) SIMON [I] (-1183 or after). Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster Wadegozingen made by "domina Gisela comitis Friderici de Sarbrucken vidua…cum filio suo Simone" by charter dated 1135[999]. Graf von Saarbrücken 1139.

- see below.

ii) ADALBERT (-Erfurt 17 Jul 1141, bur Mainz Cathedral). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Provost of Erfurt St Maria 1128. Archbishop of Mainz 1138.

iii) AGNES (-bur Abtei Walburg). The Urspergensium Chronicon refers to the second wife of "Friedrich I pater ipsius" as "de genere comitum…Zwainbrug et de Sarbrug"[1000]. The Gesta Friderici of Otto of Freising records the marriage of "Fridericus dux, mortua uxore sua Iuditha" and "Friderici comitis de Sarbruch, fratris Alberti episcopi, filiam Agnetem"[1001]. m ([1132/33]) as his second wife, FRIEDRICH II “der Einäugige” Duke of Swabia, son of FRIEDRICH I Duke of Swabia [Staufen] & his wife Agnes of Germany (1090-Alzey 4 or 6 Apr 1147, bur Walburg Abbey).

c) ADALBERT (-23 Jun 1137). The Gesta Friderici of Otto of Freising names "Friderici comitis de Sarbruch, fratris Alberti episcopi…" when recording the marriage of his niece[1002]. Imperial Chancellor 1105. Provost of Aachen St Maria 1108. Provost of Maastricht St Servatius 1109. Archbishop of Mainz 1111.

d) BRUNO (-19 Oct 1123, bur Limburg an der Hardt). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Abbot of Lorsch. Bishop of Speyer 1107.

2. WINITHER (-after 1088). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Abbot of Hornbach 1072. Abbot of Lorsch 1077. Elekt von Worms 1085. Monk at Hirsau 1088.

SIMON [I] von Saarbrücken, son of FRIEDRICH [I] Graf im Saargau & his wife Gisela --- (-1183 or after). Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation to Kloster Wadegozingen made by "domina Gisela comitis Friderici de Sarbrucken vidua…cum filio suo Simone" by charter dated 1135[1003]. Graf von Saarbrücken 1139. Advocat of Kloster Disibodenberg: "Symon comes de Sarbrukken…" witnessed the charter dated 1143 under which Heinrich [I] Archbishop of Mainz donated property to Kloster Disibodenberg "per manum comitis Simsonis advocati ecclesie sancti Disibodi"[1004]. Hillin Bishop of Trier confirmed an exchange of property "in pago Nahgove in archiepiscopatu Moguntino per manum Folmari comitis de Castele et advocati prædictæ curiæ" for property "in Nasove…in pago Logenæ" with the bishop of Worms, represented by "advocati maioris domus Symonis comitis de Sarbruke", adding that "prædictum castrum de Nasove" had been occupied violently by "antecessores Ruberti et Arnoldi de Lurenberg", by charter dated 9 Mar 1158 witnessed by "Symon advocatus maioris domus Wormatiensis ecclesiæ, Folmar comes de Castele, Cunradus comes de Cherberch, Hemico comes de Boimeneburch, Godefridus comes de Spanheim, Gerlacus comes de Veldenze…"[1005]. The Annales Sancti Disibodi (Continuatio) records that "castrum Sarebrucha comitis Symonis" was reduced to ruins along with his three other castles on the orders of the emperor in 1168[1006].

m MECHTILD, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[1007], she may have been Mechtild, daughter of Meinhard Graf von Sponheim, but the basis for this speculation is not know.

Graf Simon [I] & his wife had [eight] children:

1. SIMON [II] (-1207 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Graf von Saarbrücken. "…Brunone preposito s. Marie in Colonia eiusque fratre Euerhardo comite de Seyne, Theoderico comite de Widhe et filio eius Theoderico clerico, Reginhere comite de Froisbrecht, Ulrico comite de Nurberg et eius filio Gerhardo comite de Are, Gerhardo comite de Dietsa, Bertholdo comite de Kazinelelnboge, Ludeuico comite de Spanheim, Simone comite de Sarebrucke, Henrico comite de Kessele…" witnessed the charter dated 1189 under which Philipp Archbishop of Köln granted "castrum Stakelecke et advocatiam in Bacherache" to "palatini comitis Cuonradi…et eius iugali domine Irmentrudi eiusque filie Agneti"[1008]. "Comes Simon de Sarbrucken et uxor eius Lutgardis" granted the church of Boekenheim to Kloster Wadegozingen by charter dated 1196[1009]. m (before 1180) as her first husband, LIUTGARDE von Leiningen, daughter of --- (-1239 or after). "Comes Simon de Sarbrucken et uxor eius Lutgardis" granted the church of Boekenheim to Kloster Wadegozingen by charter dated 1196[1010]. "Hanricus comes de Duobus Pontibus et Albertus S. Paulini in Treviri prepositus et Symon comes de Sarbricken et mater eius Lucardis comitissa" confirmed the donation of land at Putzerburg to Kloster Wadegozingen by charter dated to before 1212[1011]. "Lucardis comitissa de Sarbrucken assensu filii mei Simonis comitis" donated property to Kloster Wadegozingen, for the soul of "viri mei bonæ memoriæ Simonis comitis patris supra dicti Simonis et cæterorum liberorum meorum", by charter dated 1218[1012]. She married secondly (1220) Lothar Graf zu Wied. "Cunradis qui dicor Siluester comes" donated part of the churches at Blidendorf and Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, at the request of "Symonis comitis de Sarbrucken et…matris suæ Lukardis comitissæ de Wide", for the soul of "collateralis meæ Giselæ sororis iam dicti comitis Simonis", by charter dated 1220[1013]. "Lucardis comitissa de Wide…mater Simonis comitis de Sarbrucken" donated the church of Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen by charter dated 1220[1014]. "Luterus comes de Wide et…collateralis mea Lucardis" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, at the request of "Symonis Walrami ducis de Lemburg et filiorum eius et domini Henrici comitis Gemini Pontis per manum Simonis comitis de Sarbrucken" by charter dated 1223[1015]. "Lukardis comitissa" donated property at Hünerscherre to Kloster Otterburg, with the consent of "filiorum meorum", by undated charter, "Symon comes Sarapontis" confirmed the same donation by "domina et mater mea" by undated charter, and Heinrich Bishop of Worms confirmed the same donation by "mater nostra comitissa de Weyden" by charter dated 22 Nov 1233[1016]. Graf Simon [II] & his wife had six children:

a) SIMON [III] (-[22 Nov 1233/4 Apr 1235]). "Hanricus comes de Duobus Pontibus et Albertus S. Paulini in Treviri prepositus et Symon comes de Sarbricken et mater eius Lucardis comitissa" confirmed the donation of land at Putzerburg to Kloster Wadegozingen by charter dated to before 1212[1017]. Graf von Saarbrücken. "Sifridus comes de Liningen, Simon comes de Saraponte…" witnessed the charter dated 1 Apr 1214 under which Friedrich II King of Germany granted protection to the churches of Rodenkirchen and Hagene[1018]. "Lucardis comitissa de Sarbrucken assensu filii mei Simonis comitis" donated property to Kloster Wadegozingen, for the soul of "viri mei bonæ memoriæ Simonis comitis patris supra dicti Simonis et cæterorum liberorum meorum", by charter dated 1218[1019]. "Simon comes Sarepont et…mater mea Lucardis comitissa in Wide" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "ducis cognati mei Walrami et filiorum suorum Henrici et Walrami et Henrici Gemini Pontis comitis patrui mei et…cognati mei Henrici comitis de Castello et…Lutheri comitis de Wide" by charter dated 1223[1020]. "Fridericus comes de Liningen" donated his part of the church at Blidersdorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "cognati mei domini Walrami ducis de Limburgh et…fratris mei Symonis comitis de Sarbrucken", by charter dated 1223[1021]. "Simon comes Sarepontis" renounced the inheritance of "uxor mea soror domini Mathæi ducis Lotharingiæ et March." in favour of "duci prenominato" by charter dated 20 Sep 1226[1022]. The charter dated 31 May 1227, under which the bishop of Metz invested his daughter "Loretæ filiæ…Simonis Sarepontis primogenitæ Sarbruche" with "comitatum Saræpontis et totum feodum quod de me tenet"[1023], suggests that Simon [III] had died by that date. However, his mother "Lukardis comitissa" donated property at Hünerscherre to Kloster Otterburg, with the consent of "filiorum meorum", by undated charter, "Symon comes Sarapontis" confirmed the same donation by "domina et mater mea" by undated charter, and Heinrich Bishop of Worms confirmed the same donation by "mater nostra comitissa de Weyden" by charter dated 22 Nov 1233[1024]. While the first two of this series of charters are undated, it is likely that the original donation predated the third charter by only a few months at most. It is possible therefore that Simon [III] resigned his interest, in whole or in part, in the county of Saarbrücken before May 1227 and that he survived several more years. m ([1215/20]) LAURETTE de Lorraine, daughter of FERRY II Duke of Lorraine & his wife Agnes de Bar ([1195/1200]-after 30 Sep 1226). "Simon comes Sarepontis" renounced the inheritance of "uxor mea soror domini Mathæi ducis Lotharingiæ et March." in favour of "duci prenominato" by charter dated 20 Sep 1226[1025]. Her parentage and marriage are also indicated by a charter dated 8 Oct 1271 which relates that Saarbrücken was the fief of the bishop of Metz, recording that "bone memorie Jacobus quondam Metensis episcopus" (son of Ferry II Duke of Lorraine) had enfeoffed "Lorettam relictam…neptem propriam"[1026]. The primary source which confirms her name has not been identified. The date of her marriage is suggested by the estimated marriage date of her oldest daughter. Graf Simon [III] & his wife had five children:

i) DIETRICH (-before 12 May 1227). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. m JEANNE d'Aspremont, daughter of --- (-after 1227). The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified.

ii) LORETTA ([1220?]-[13 Nov 1270/8 Oct 1271]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "primogenitus Joffridus” of “Juliana" and "domino Goberto de Asperomonte" married “comitissam Salebruges” but died childless[1027]. The bishop of Metz invested "Loretæ filiæ…Simonis Sarepontis primogenitæ Sarbruche" with "comitatum Saræpontis et totum feodum quod de me tenet" by charter dated 31 May 1227[1028]. Henri Comte de Bar notified that “Jofroi de Aspremont e Lorete sa fem qui fu fille Simon lo conte de Salebruche ma nieçaim” and “Maaut e Jehanne serors cele Lorete“ had agreed the division of the Saarbrücken inheritance by charter dated 4 Apr 1235 “[1029]. Jean Bishop of Metz confirmed the division of the county of Saarbrücken between "Joffroi mon neveu d´Aspremont et Lorate sa famme fille Simon conte de Salebruche" and "Mahaus et Jehane serors Lorate" by charter dated Apr 1235[1030]. Her parentage is indicated by a charter dated 8 Oct 1271 which relates that Saarbrücken was the fief of the bishop of Metz, recording that "bone memorie Jacobus quondam Metensis episcopus" (son of Ferry II Duke of Lorraine) had enfeoffed "Lorettam relictam…neptem propriam"[1031]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not been identified, although her second husband’s use of the Saarbrücken comital title suggests that it is correct. Gräfin von Saarbrücken. "Lorete filie…Simonis comitis Sarepontis primogenite" acknowledged holding "Sarbruche et comitatum Sarepontis" from the bishop of Metz by charter dated 31 May 1227[1032]. “Lorette comtesse de Sarrebrück” confirmed a grant of land to “Boemont de Sarebruche” by charter dated Feb 1268 (O.S.?)[1033]. The 13 Nov 1270 source which names her has not been identified. Hugo records a monument at Wadgasse recording “Loretæ comitissæ Sarebrukensis matris comitis Simonis anno 1271”[1034]: the year of death seems correct (the 8 Oct 1271 charter quoted below under her sister Mathilde confirms that Loretta was deceased at the time) but the existence of this supposed son seems impossible. m firstly (before 4 Apr 1235) GEOFFROY [II] Seigneur d'Aspremont et de Dun, son of GOBERT [VI] Seigneur d´Aspremont & his wife Julienne de Rosoy (-Mansurah Jan 1250). "Jofridus comes Sarepontis et dominus Asperimontis" swore homage to "domini mei Metensis episcopi" by charter dated 11 Feb 1243 (O. S.)[1035]. Graf von Saarbrücken. m secondly ([1252]) [as his first wife,] DIETRICH LUF von Kleve Herr von Dinslaken und Wesel, son of DIETRICH [IV] "Nust" Graf von Kleve & his second wife Hedwig von Meissen ([1228]-25 May 1277). Graf von Saarbrücken 1252.

iii) MATHILDE (-30 Aug 1276, bur Besançon Saint-Etienne). Henri Comte de Bar notified that “Jofroi de Aspremont e Lorete sa fem qui fu fille Simon lo conte de Salebruche ma nieçaim” and “Maaut e Jehanne serors cele Lorete“ had agreed the division of the Saarbrücken inheritance by charter dated 4 Apr 1235 “[1036]. Jean Bishop of Metz confirmed the division of the county of Saarbrücken between "Joffroi mon neveu d´Aspremont et Lorate sa famme fille Simon conte de Salebruche" and "Mahaus et Jehane serors Lorate" by charter dated Apr 1235[1037]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not been identified. The date of her second marriage is indicated by the following document: Amedée “Seigneur de Montfaucon et de Commercy” sealed a charter dated 1251 under which the chapter of Commercy Saint-Nicolas donated annuel produce to “Aubry chanoine de Broyes”[1038]. Gilles Bishop of Toul notified an agreement between “seignor Ami de monfacon et Mahaut sa fame” and “les anfanz dou premier mari à la dite dame...Simon, Ferri, Jaquemin et Lourete“ relating to “le deuaire sa fame...la voiere dou Nuef Chastel” by charter dated Aug 1257[1039]. "Mechtildis domina Montis Falconis et vallis Colonie" donated property to "patruus noster…Nuhusensis præpositus" by charter dated 8 Jan 1260[1040]. Her parentage and second marriage are indicated by a charter dated 8 Oct 1271 which relates that Saarbrücken was the fief of the bishop of Metz, recording that "bone memorie Jacobus quondam Metensis episcopus" (son of Ferry II Duke of Lorraine) had enfeoffed "Lorettam relictam…neptem propriam" and that, on the death of the latter, "germane dicte Lorete…primogenita domina Mahout domina Montisfalconis" inherited the castle[1041]. Gräfin von Saarbrücken. The necrology of Besançon Saint-Etienne records the death “XVIII Kal Feb” 1279 (O.S.) of “Amedeus dominus Montis Falconis”, noting his burial “in capelli S. Maymbodi”, and of “Maltildis comitissa de Salebruches eius uxor et Richardus eorum filius”[1042]. m firstly SIMON [II] Seigneur de Commercy, son of GAUCHER [I] Seigneur de Commercy & his wife Agnes --- (-before Dec 1248). "Symon comes Sarepontensis et dominus Comerceyo" granted property "de Sinnewilre et de Cincwilre" to "domino Friderico dicto Cosle" by charter dated 23 Jun 1266[1043]. m secondly (before Dec 1248) AMEDEE Seigneur de Montfaucon, son of RICHARD [III] de Montfaucon Comte de Montbéliard & his wife Agnes d’Auxonne [Bourgogne-Comté] (-15 Jan 1280, bur Besançon Saint-Etienne). Seigneur de Commercy 1256. Graf von Saarbrücken.

iv) JEANNE (-before 1286). Henri Comte de Bar notified that “Jofroi de Aspremont e Lorete sa fem qui fu fille Simon lo conte de Salebruche ma nieçaim” and “Maaut e Jehanne serors cele Lorete“ had agreed the division of the Saarbrücken inheritance by charter dated 4 Apr 1235 “[1044]. Jean Bishop of Metz confirmed the division of the county of Saarbrücken between "Joffroi mon neveu d´Aspremont et Lorate sa famme fille Simon conte de Salebruche" and "Mahaus et Jehane serors Lorate" by charter dated Apr 1235[1045]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified. Dame de Thicourt. m ([1235]) SIMON [V] Seigneur de Clefmont, son of SIMON [IV] Seigneur de Clefmont [en Bassigny] & his first wife Ermesende de Vandeuvre (-[1280]).

v) ELISABETH (-1271 or after). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. m HUGO [III] Graf von Lützelstein, son of HUGO [II] Comte de Lunéville, Graf von Lützelstein & his first wife --- (-after 1283).

b) FRIEDRICH (-1237). "Comes Fridericus de Leiningen…comes Fridericus de Saraponte" witnessed the charter dated 29 Aug 1210 under which Emperor Otto IV confirmed the donation made by "Cunradus comes de Zolre qui et Burggravius de Nurenberg" to the church of Speyer[1046]. "Fridericus comes de Liningen" donated his part of the church at Blidersdorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "cognati mei domini Walrami ducis de Limburgh et…fratris mei Symonis comitis de Sarbrucken…mater mea Lucardis", and with the consent of "collateralis meæ et liberorum meorum", by charter dated 1223[1047]. Graf von Leiningen.

- GRAFEN von LEININGEN.

c) HEINRICH (-12 Sep 1234). "Lukardis comitissa" donated property at Hünerscherre to Kloster Otterburg, with the consent of "filiorum meorum", by undated charter, "Symon comes Sarapontis" confirmed the same donation by "domina et mater mea" by undated charter, and Heinrich Bishop of Worms confirmed the same donation by "mater nostra comitissa de Weyden" by charter dated 22 Nov 1233[1048]. Provost of Worms cathedral 1194. Provost at Wimpfen 1195. Abbot of Lorsch 1200. Provost of Neuhausen St Cyriakus 1212. Bishop of Worms 1217.

d) STEPHAN (-[2 Apr 1263/21 Dec 1264]). Provost of Neuhausen St Cyriakus 1221. Archdeacon at Worms. "Stephanus…prepositus in Nuhufa et archidiaconus Wormaciensis" confirmed the donation of the church of Liestorf to Kloster Wadegozingen made by "bone memorie fratris mei comitis Sareponti" by charter dated 1233[1049]. "Mechtildis domina Montis Falconis et vallis Colonie" donated property to "patruus noster…Nuhusensis præpositus" by charter dated 8 Jan 1260[1050].

e) GISELA ([1180/1200]-1265 or after). Her birth date is estimated very approximately from the her parents’ marriage date. The date of death of her husband suggests that Gisela was probably born in the later part of this date range. "Cunradis qui dicor Siluester comes" donated part of the churches at Blidendorf and Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, at the request of "Symonis comitis de Sarbrucken et…matris suæ Lukardis comitissæ de Wide", for the soul of "collateralis meæ Giselæ sororis iam dicti comitis Simonis", by charter dated 1220[1051]. "Conradus comes Sylvester, Gysela comitissa, Emicho filius eorum" confirmed the donation to Flonheim St Maria made by "Heynrico homine nostro, marite Hepele de Vlanheim" by charter dated 14 Mar 1243[1052]. m KONRAD [II] Wildgraf, son of GERHARD Wildgraf und Graf von Kyrburg & his wife Agnes von Wittelsbach (-1263 or after).

f) AGNES (-1261 or after). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. "H --- dictus comes Irsutus et…domina Agnes uxor mea" donated property at Massholderbach to Kloster Otterburg by charter dated Dec 1247[1053]. m HEINRICH [I] Raugraf von Altenbaumburg, son of RUPRECHT Raugraf & his wife Hedwig von Eberstein (-19 Oct 1261, bur Kloster Rosenthal bei Göllheim).

2. HEINRICH [I] (-[1228]). "…Henricus comes de Spanheim, Henricus comes de Sarbrucken, Gerlacus comes de Veldense, Bertoldus comes de Dietse, Gotfridus comes de Vebing…" witnessed the charter dated 1192 under which Emperor Heinrich VI confirmed privileges of the church of Mainz[1054]. "Simon comes Sarepont et…mater mea Lucardis comitissa in Wide" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "ducis cognati mei Walrami et filiorum suorum Henrici et Walrami et Henrici Gemini Ponits comitis patrui mei et…cognati mei Henrici comitis de Castello et…Lutheri comitis de Wide" by charter dated 1223[1055]. Graf von Zweibrücken.

- GRAFEN von ZWEIBRÜCKEN.

3. FRIEDRICH (-before 1187). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified.

4. GOTTFRIED . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1187. Canon at Mainz.

5. ADALBERT (-1210 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Provost at St Paulin 1160. Archdeacon at Trier 1173/1189.

6. [SOPHIE (-1215 or after). Philipp Archbishop of Köln confirmed rights of the abbey of Rolduc, at the request of "Dominus Henricus de Lymburg filius Domini Henrici et nepos ducis Walerami…quam uxor eius Domina Sophia et filii eius Henricus et Waleramnus" by charter dated 1178[1056]. The parentage of Sophie is not known. Ernst suggests that she was the daughter of Simon [I] Graf von Saarbrücken, basing this on the introduction of the names Simon and Friedrich into the family of the dukes of Limburg[1057]. A close relationship between the two families is shown by the charter dated 1223 under which "Simon comes Sarepont et…mater mea Lucardis comitissa in Wide" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "ducis cognati mei Walrami et filiorum suorum Henrici et Walrami et Henrici Gemini Pontis comitis patrui mei et…cognati mei Henrici comitis de Castello et…Lutheri comitis de Wide"[1058]. The term cognatus, used in reference to three individuals in this charter, means “stepfather” in the case of Lothar Graf von Wied. It is suggested that “Henrici comitis de Castello” refers to Heinrich Graf von Bliescastel (no Graf von Castell named Heinrich has been identified at that period), maybe the son of the donor’s paternal aunt. The chronology suggests that Walran Duke of Limburg could have been the son of another of the donor’s paternal aunts. "Sophia ducissa de Lenburch" founded an anniversary at Liège cathedral, for the soul of "filii mei Simonis", by undated charter[1059]. m HENDRIK III Duke of Limburg, of HENDRIK II Duke of Limburg, Comte d'Arlon & his first wife Mathilde von Saffenberg heiress of Rode (-Klosterrath 21 Jun 1221, bur Rode Abbey).]

7. [JUTTA (-before 1223). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. A close relationship between the Saarbrücken and Bliescastel families is shown by the charter dated 1223 under which "Simon comes Sarepont et…mater mea Lucardis comitissa in Wide" donated part of the church at Listorf to Kloster Wadegozingen, with the advice of "ducis cognati mei Walrami et filiorum suorum Henrici et Walrami et Henrici Gemini Pontis comitis patrui mei et…cognati mei Henrici comitis de Castello et…Lutheri comitis de Wide"[1060]. The term cognatus, used in reference to three individuals in this charter, means “stepfather” in the case of Lothar Graf von Wied. It is suggested that “Henrici comitis de Castello” refers to Heinrich Graf von Bliescastel (no Graf von Castell named Heinrich has been identified at that period), maybe the son of the donor’s paternal aunt. m FOLMAR [II] Graf von Bliescastel, son of FOLMAR [I] Graf von Bliescastel & his wife Clementia von Metz (-before 1223).]

8. AGNES (-before 1180). The Magdeburger Schöppenchronik records that “Gunter van Keverberch” married “Agneten des greven dochter van Sarabrucke”[1061]. m as his first wife, GÜNTHER [III] Graf von Käfernburg und Schwarzburg, son of SIZZO [II] Graf von Schwarzburg & his wife Gisela von Berg ([1135]-after 15 Jan 1197).

C. GRAFEN von SAARBRÜCKEN (COMMERCY)

SIMON [III] de Commercy, son of SIMON [II] Seigneur de Commercy & his wife Mathilde von Saarbrücken (-[1307/09]). Gilles Bishop of Toul notified an agreement between “seignor Ami de monfacon et Mahaut sa fame” and “les anfanz dou premier mari à la dite dame...Simon, Ferri, Jaquemin et Lourete“ relating to “le deuaire sa fame...la voiere dou Nuef Chastel” by charter dated Aug 1257[1062]. Seigneur de Commercy. Simon and his brother Ferry were declared “hors de mainbournie” by charter dated 1259[1063]. Simon and his brother Ferry “seigneurs et hoirs de Commercy” granted Ernecourt to “leur beau-père Amé” by charter dated 1259[1064]. Graf von Saarbrücken.

m firstly MARGUERITE, daughter of --- (-before 1269).

m secondly ([1269]) as her second husband, MATHILDE de Sexfontaines, widow of GUILLAUME Seigneur de Lézinnes [Villehardouin], daughter of --- (-[May/20 Dec] 1285, bur Riéval). “Girard [error for Erard?] et Guillaume frères seigneurs de Lézinnes” declared that “feue Marguerite reine de Navarre” had granted revenue to “Mahaut de Sexfontaines femme dudit Guillaume” on her marriage, returnable if she died childless, by charter dated Jan 1263 (O.S.)[1065]. The primary source which confirms the co-identity of the widow of Guillaume de Lézinnes and the second wife of Simon [III] Graf von Saarbrücken has not been identified (although the name, but not the family origin, of Simon’s wife’s first husband is confirmed in her testament quoted below). “Simons cuens de Sarrebruche et sire de Comercey” donated property to Riéval for the anniversary of “nostre...compagne sa en arrierres...[qui] gist en laditte abbaye de Rievauls” by charter dated 20 Dec 1285[1066]. The testament of “Mahaus [contesse de Sare]bruche et dame de Commercei”, dated May 1285, made charitable donations including “aus povres de Vile Hardewi“, requests payment of “ce je suis tenue à paier lou testament Willame mon mari”, and appoints “mon mari lou conte de Sarebruche...” as one of her executors[1067].

Simon [III] & his first wife had children:

1. JOHANN [I] von Saarbrücken (-23 Jan 1341). Graf von Saarbrücken. “Jehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Gille de Bar sa compaigne et espouse contesse…et Symos de Sarrebruches chlr sigr dou dit Comarcey” certified 20 May 1352 having seen a charter dated 2 Feb 1324 under which “Iehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Mahault dasprmont sa compaigne et espouse contesse...et Iehans leurs fils” granted privileges to Commercy[1068]. m firstly (before 9 Aug 1309) MATHILDE d´Aspremont, daughter of GOBERT [VII] Seigneur d´Aspremont & his wife Agnes de Coucy (-1329). “Jehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Gille de Bar sa compaigne et espouse contesse…et Symos de Sarrebruches chlr sigr dou dit Comarcey” certified 20 May 1352 having seen a charter dated 2 Feb 1324 under which “Iehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Mahault dasprmont sa compaigne et espouse contesse...et Iehans leurs fils” granted privileges to Commercy[1069]. m secondly (1329) as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Grancey, widow of HUGUES de Belleveuvre, daughter of EUDES [V] Seigneur de Grancey & his wife Isabelle de Blâmont (-after 1342). “Marguerite comtesse de Sarrebruck” relinquished rights over revenue in favour of “son oncle Philippe de Vienne seigneur de Pymont et à sa femme” by charter dated 1342[1070]. Her family relationship with Philippe de Vienne has not been traced. Johann [I] & his first wife had children:

a) SIMON von Saarbrücken (-1325). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 21 Jun 1309 quoted below. m (contract Vienne 22 May 1309, 21 Jun 1309) as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Savoie, widow of JEAN de Salins Seigneur de Vignory et de Saint-Dizier, daughter of LOUIS [I] de Savoie Baron de Vaud & his second wife Jeanne de Montfort[-l'Amaury] (-7 Aug [1313 or 1323], bur Wadgassen). The contract of marriage between "Gio. di Chalon figlio di Stefano Conte d'Auxerre" and "Margarita figlia primogenita di Ludovico di Savoia Signore di Vaud" is dated Apr 1293[1071]. The testament of "Gioanna di Monfort Contessa di Forest Moglie di Ludovico de Savoia Signore di Vaud" dated Nov 1293 makes bequests to "…Margarita, Gioannetta, Beatrice, Eleonora, Cattarina e Bianca pur sue figlie…"[1072]. The contract of marriage between "Margarita di Savoia Sorella di Lodovico di Savoia Signore di Vaud Vedova di Gio. di annoiri" and "Simone figlio del Conte Gio. di Salbruc" is dated 21 Jun 1309[1073]. An inscription at Wadgasse, since disappeared, recorded the burial of “daisme Marguerite de Savoie femme Simon de Commercey-Sarburg” who died 6 Aug 1323[1074]. Hugo records a monument at Wadgasse recording “Margaretæ à Sabaudia uxoris Simonis de Commerceio, 1313”[1075]. Simon & his wife had three children:

i) JOHANN [II] von Saarbrücken (-[Sep 1380/24 Mar 1381]). The 29 Mar 1340 testament of Louis [II] de Savoie Baron de Vaud names his nephew Jean de Saarbrucken and his two sisters[1076]. Graf von Saarbrücken. “Jehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Gille de Bar sa compaigne et espouse contesse…et Symos de Sarrebruches chlr sigr dou dit Comarcey” certified 20 May 1352 having seen a charter dated 2 Feb 1324 under which “Iehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Mahault dasprmont sa compaigne et espouse contesse...et Iehans leurs fils” granted privileges to Commercy[1077]. The testament of “Jehan conte de Sarrebruche seigneur de Comarcey et boutiller de France”, dated 30 Mar 1380, chose burial at Commercy Saint-Nicolas if he died in France and at “l’abbaye du Val de Cossanges en Allemagne” if he died in Germany, founded anniversaries for “bonne mémoire monsieur Simon de Sarrebruche et madame Marguerite de Savoie sa femme mes père et mère...feu ma...famme dame Gille de Bar” at Commercy, and named “ma...fille et héritière seule...Jehanne comtesse de Nassouue”[1078]. m (before Jan 1334) GILLETTE de Bar, daughter of PIERRE de Bar Seigneur de Pierrefort & his first wife Jeanne de Vienne (-[22 Apr 1356/27 Sep 1362]). “Jehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Gille de Bar sa compaigne et espouse contesse…et Symos de Sarrebruches chlr sigr dou dit Comarcey” certified 20 May 1352 having seen a charter dated 2 Feb 1324 under which “Iehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Mahault dasprmont sa compaigne et espouse contesse...et Iehans leurs fils” granted privileges to Commercy[1079]. Her parentage is indicated by the testament of “Henris de Bar sire de Pierrefort chevalier fils M. Pere de Bar, qui fuit”, dated 8 Nov 1378, which named “mon...freire le conte de Saurebruche...” as executors[1080]. Johann [II] & his wife had one child:

(a) JOHANNA von Saarbrücken (-Oct 1381). The testament of “Jehan conte de Sarrebruche seigneur de Comarcey et boutiller de France”, dated 30 Mar 1380, named “ma...fille et héritière seule...Jehanne comtesse de Nassouue”[1081]. Gräfin von Saarbrücken. m (1353) as his second wife, JOHANN von Nassau, son of GERLACH [I] Graf von Nassau in Wiesbaden, Idstein and Weilburg & his first wife Agnes von Hessen (1309-Weilburg 20 Sep 1371). He succeeded in 1355 as Graf von Nassau in Weilburg.

ii) MATHILDE von Saarbrücken (-after 1354). m firstly (1334) SIMON [I] Graf von Salm, son of JOHANN [I] Graf von Salm & his wife Jeanne de Joinville (-killed in battle Crécy 26 Jul 1346). m secondly JOHANN, son of ---.

iii) JOHANNA von Saarbrücken (-[1374/76]). m (before 1344) GERHARD [VIII] Herr von Blankenheim, son of GERHARD [VII] Herr von Blankenheim & his wife Anna Wildgräfin (-[1375/14 Feb 1377]).

b) JOHANN von Saarbrücken (-1344). “Jehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Gille de Bar sa compaigne et espouse contesse…et Symos de Sarrebruches chlr sigr dou dit Comarcey” certified 20 May 1352 having seen a charter dated 2 Feb 1324 under which “Iehans contes de Sarrebruches et sires de Comarcey, Mahault dasprmont sa compaigne et espouse contesse...et Iehans leurs fils” granted privileges to Commercy[1082]. Seigneur de Commercy. Pope John XXII granted indulgence to "Iohanni nato Iohannis comitis de Saraponte militi" and “nobili mulieri Aelydi eius uxori Met. dioc.”, dated 16 Apr 1331[1083].

- SEIGNEURS de COMMERCY.

c) AGNES von Saarbrücken (-before 1 Mar 1337). m SIMON [II] Graf von Zweibrücken, son of WALRAM [I] Graf von Zweibrücken & his wife Agnes de Vaudémont (-before 1312).

d) MATHILDE von Saarbrücken (-after 1332). m JOHANN Herr von Lichtenberg, son of JOHANN [I] “der Aeltere” Herr von Lichtenberg & his wife Adelheid von Werdenberg-Montfort (-before 7 Feb 1327).

Johann [I] & his second wife had [one child]:

e) [MARGARETA von Saarbrücken (-[14 Sep 1394/[Mar] 1395], bur Lausanne Notre-Dame). Charrière names Margareta as the daughter of Simon von Saarbrücken and his wife Marguerite de Savoie-Vaud[1084]. Margareta’s appointment of Eudes [VII] Seigneur de Grancey as her heir in her testament, cited below, suggests that she was the daughter of Johann [I] Graf von Saarbrücken by his second wife who was Eudes [VII]’s paternal aunt. No direct family relationship has been found between Simon von Saarbrücken and the Grancey family, which makes Margareta’s testament difficult to understand if Simon was her father. This suggestion appears corroborated by Margareta’s absence from the 29 Mar 1340 testament of Louis [II] de Savoie Baron de Vaud, which names his nephew Jean de Saarbrucken and refers to Jean’s two sisters [presumably referring to Mathilde and Johanna] but does not refer to a third sister [Margareta][1085]. “Loys de Cossonay seignour de Berchier et Marguerite de Sarbruches sa femme” acknowledged receipt of payment from “mon...oncle Monsr de Montbeliart” by charter dated 1365[1086]. The testament of “Marguerite de Salabruche”, dated 14 Sep 1394, requested burial at Lausanne Notre-Dame, named “Odon sire de Grancey chevalier” as her heir in the duchy of Burgundy and bequeathed all her other assets to her husband Louis Seigneur de Cossonay, except bequests to “Aymon bâtard de Cossonay”[1087]. Charrière suggests that she predeceased her husband as no record has been found which indicates her holding the castle of Bercher in her own name[1088]. m (before 1365) LOUIS [III] de Cossonay Seigneur de Bercher, son of LOUIS [I] Seigneur de Cossonay & his wife Isabelle de Grandson (-[Sep 1394/12 Apr 1395], maybe 19 Sep 1394, bur Lausanne Notre-Dame). He succeeded his nephew in 1383 as Seigneur de Cossonay.]

2. AGNES von Saarbrücken (-after 1304). m (before 27 May 1267) EBERHARD [I] Graf von Zweibrücken, son of HEINRICH [II] Graf von Zweibrücken & his wife Agnes von Eberstein (-[1316/1321]).

Simon [III] & his second wife had two children:

3. LAURETTE von Saarbrücken (-before 1323). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 24 Jul 1302 under which “Ancel de Joinville chevalier seigneur de Reynel” named “monseigneur Jean de Commercy son serourge fils de...Simon comte de Sarrebruck” as guarantor to Ferry Duke of Lorraine[1089]. "Anseau de Joinville et Laure de Sarrebrück sa femme" founded a chapel at Montiers-sur-Saulx which they donated to Ecurey abbey by charter dated 1315[1090]. m (before 24 Jul 1302) as his first wife, ANSEAU de Joinville Seigneur de Joinville et de Reynel, son of JEAN Seigneur de Joinville, Sénéchal de Champagne & his second wife Alix de Reynel (-3 Jan [1342/43]).

4. JEANNE von Saarbrücken (-after Mar 1327). Frau von Bettingen: “Jehenne de Salebruge dame de Beinville et de Bettenges” confirmed a loan to “singneur Willame singneur de Prihs” made by “ihr verstorbener Gemahl Jakes de Wademont sire de Beinville”, guaranteed by certain property “en notre ville de Nattenem, qui attient a la singnorie de Bettenges”, by charter dated 28 Aug 1301[1091]. “Guillaume de Vyenne sire de Montmeret” granted revenue to “messire Jehan de Hassonville chevalier”, after the death of “dame Jehenne de Sarrebruche dame de Benville”, with the consent of “Marguerite de Vauldemont dame de Maison...dame de Montmerret femme dudit Guillaume de Vyenne et fille naturelle de ladicte dame Jehenne Sarebruche dame de Benville”, by charter dated Oct 1322[1092]. “Jehanne de Commarcey dame de Baynville” acted as guarantor for “Guillaume de Vyanne mes fils sires de Saint George” in respect of a debt owed to “monseignour Pierre de Bar seignour de Pierrefort” by charter dated Mar 1326 (O.S.)[1093]. “Huards de Ruppes chevalier” notified his claim against “Jehan de Sarrebruche signour de Commarcey et monsignour Hanry son freire” for part of Commercy which he claimed belonged to “ma...espouse Jehanne de Vienne de droit ad cause de succession de madame Jehanne de Sarrebruche dame de Bainville et fille monsignour Simon jadiz conte de Sarrebruche, qui morut sires de Commarcey, sa grand meire, qui fuit” by charter dated 4 Aug 1360[1094]. m (before Jul 1298) JACQUES de Vaudémont Seigneur de Bainville, son of HENRI [I] Comte de Vaudémont & his wife Marguerite de la Roche (-killed in battle Sicily 1299, after 2 Jul).

Chapter 14. COMTES de SAINTOIS

The county of Saintois lay south of the county of Toul, east of Soulosse and west of Chaumont. It appears to have been closely associated with the county of Soulosse[1095]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Suentisium… Solocense…" to King Ludwig[1096]. The county of Vaudémont (see the document LORRAINE) later evolved in the southern part of the county of Saintois[1097].

1. HUGUES (-after 9 Oct 891). Comte de Saintois. Arnulf King of Germany donated property "in pago Sagintensi in comitatu Hugonis" to the church of Toul by charter dated 9 Oct 891[1098].

1. RICHWIN, son of LOUIS [I] & his wife --- ([980/90]-after 1052). Comte de Saintois. "Rainardi comitis […juniore], Conradi comitis…comite Ricuino juniore" witnessed the charter of Brunon Bishop of Toul dated 1043 which confirms the foundation of the priory of Deuilly by "Galterius de Daguliaco cum…conjugis suæ Adilæ", another version of the same document being signed by "Valtheri comitis, Rainardi comitis, Odelrici comitis, alterius Odelrici comitis…"[1099]. "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis…Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[1100].

Chapter 15. COMTES de SAULNOIS

The county of Saulnois (comitatus Salinensis) was named after the river Seille, a tributary of the river Moselle. It lay south of the county of Niedgau, east of Charpeigne, west of Saargau and north of Chaumont[1101]. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Seline…" to King Ludwig[1102]. Vanderkindere associates the county of Saulnois closely with the neighbouring county of Soulosse (comitatus Solocinse), which was located upstream of the source of the river Meuse and named after Soulosse on the Vair, in the arrondissement of Neufchâteau, Vosges.

1. TEUTBERT (-10 Oct, after 966). Comte de Saulnois, based at Destrich near Sarreguemines[1103]. “Regimbaldus comes” donated “Maurivillam in comitatu Salnini” to Metz Saint-Arnoul by charter dated 16 Jun 958, signed by "Fredelindæ conjugis eiusdem Regimbaldi, Teutberti comitis, Odacri comitis…"[1104]. "Otto…imperator augustus" confirmed the property rights of the convent of Bouxières by charter dated 2 Jun 965, which recapitulates donations to the convent among which one by "Teutbertus comes" of property "Haveringi villam…in comitatu Hornense" for the burial of "uxoris suæ Iudittæ et oblatione filiæ suæ Rotlindis"[1105]. "Fredericus…Lothariensium Dux" confirmed donations of property at Murecourt to Bouxières by charter dated 26 Oct 966, signed by "Teutberti comitis, Lictardi comitis, Widonis comitis…"[1106]. "Sigericus cum coniuge mea Betta" founded the abbey of Vergaville "in comitatu Saraburg ubi…Odacher…præesse, in villa Widirgo Deldorf", including donations of property "in comitatu Dextroch ubi Teodebertus præsidet…in comitatu Mortisna ubi Regimboldus præest…", with the consent of "filio nostro Deoderico", by charter dated 966, signed by "Sigerici comitis, Dominæ Bettæ, Odachri comitis…Theotberti comitis…" and sworn by "Lambertus filius ipsorum…ad vicem Cancellarii"[1107]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "VI Id Oct" of "Thicbertus comes"[1108]. m JUDITH, daughter of --- (-10 May ----, before 2 Jun 965). "Otto…imperator augustus" confirmed the property rights of the convent of Bouxières by charter dated 2 Jun 965, which recapitulates donations to the convent among which one by "Teutbertus comes" of property "Haveringi villam…in comitatu Hornense" for the burial of "uxoris suæ Iudittæ et oblatione filiæ suæ Rotlindis"[1109]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "VI Id Mai" of "Juditha comitissa"[1110]. Teutbert & his wife had two children:

a) BENOÎT . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Abbot of Saint-Arnoul at Metz[1111].

b) ROTLIND (-before 2 Jun 965). "Otto…imperator augustus" confirmed the property rights of the convent of Bouxières by charter dated 2 Jun 965, which recapitulates donations to the convent among which one by "Teutbertus comes" of property "Haveringi villam…in comitatu Hornense" for the burial of "uxoris suæ Iudittæ et oblatione filiæ suæ Rotlindis"[1112]. Nun at Bouxières.

2. BOSO (-after 991). "Odacker" donated property "in pago Salnensi in comitatu Hosonis ad Destrardo" the abbey of Longeville by charter dated 991, signed by "comitis Odakri, comitis Ymmonis…"[1113].

Chapter 16. COMTES de TOUL

A. COMTES de TOUL

1. THIETMAR (-after 8 Aug 870). Comte de Toul. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum…Tullense aliud Odornense, quod Tetmarus habuit…" to King Charles[1115].

2. HUGUES (-after 1 Nov 891). Arnulf King of Germany granted property "in pago Tullense in comitatu Hugonis in loco…Pontus" to "presbytero…Eginolf", at the request of "Engilperonis capellani et notarii nostri nec non Alberici vassalli nostri", by charter dated 1 Nov 891[1116].

3. EBERHARD (-after 27 Dec 929). Comte de Toul. "Heinricus…rex" granted the income from the county of Toul to the bishop of Toul at the request of "Ebarhardi…comitis atque propinqui nostri" by charter dated 28 Dec 927[1117]. "Heinricus…rex" granted property "Gundolphi villam…in comitatu Tullense" to the bishop of Toul by charter dated 27 Dec 929, which records the presence of "consanguineus noster comes Heberhardus"[1118]. This Count Eberhard has not otherwise been identified, nor has his relationship to Heinrich I King of Germany been established.

4. GUY (-after 26 Oct 966). Comte de Toul. Gaucelin Bishop of Toul reformed the abbey of Saint-Evre by charter dated 936 witnessed by "Widonis comitis…"[1119]. "Fredericus…Lothariensium Dux" confirmed donations of property at Murecourt to Bouxières by charter dated 26 Oct 966, signed by "Teutberti comitis, Lictardi comitis, Widonis comitis…"[1120].

5. SENDEBAUD (-21 Mar after 971). Comte de Toul. A charter dated 9 Oct 971 records various donations to the church of Saint-Michel at Toul signed by "Gerardus…Sindebaldi comitis Tullensis…"[1121]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "XII Kal Apr" of "Sendebaldus comes qui dedit nobis Mett curtim cum domo Oric"[1122].

1. INGRAN . m IMMA, daughter of ---. Ingran & his wife had [two] children:

a) [AZZO [Azelin] (-after 982). As noted below, Azzo is recorded as the brother of Gérard Bishop of Toul. However, no primary source has been identified which confirms that he was the son of Ingran. It is possible that Azzo was the uterine brother of Bishop Gérard, born from another marriage of their mother. Comte de Toul. The abbot of Gorze ratified acquisitions at “Flammereshem in Wormatie” by charter dated 14 Sep 977, subscribed by “Immonis comitis palatii, Birardi comitis, Alardi comitis, Azzonis comitis, Bozelonis comitis, Folmeri comitis, Hardonis comitis, Hamedei advocate loci”[1123]. Gérard Bishop of Toul confirmed the property of the abbey of Saint-Mansuy by charter dated 982 witnessed by "…Azelini comitis Tullensis, fratris domni pontificis…"[1124].]

b) GERARD ([934/35]-22 Apr 994). Bishop of Toul 963. The Vita Sancti Gerardi Epicopi records “Gerardus Agrippinensi oriundus regione...patre Ingranno matre Emma”[1125]. Gérard Bishop of Toul confirmed the property of the abbey of Saint-Mansuy by charter dated 982 witnessed by "…Azelini comitis Tullensis, fratris domni pontificis…"[1126].

1. RAIMBAUD (-after 1019). Comte de Toul. "Comte Raimbaud" subscribed a charter of Bishop Berthold dated 1019[1127]. Udo Bishop of Toul issued a charter dated 1069 relating to the county of Toul which names "antiqui comites…Raimbaldus et Rainaldus major filius eius, atque Rainaldus minor", witnessed by "Gerardi Lothariensium Ducis, Luthulphi comitis, Haymonis comitis, Odelrici de Nanceio…"[1128]. m ---. The name of Raimbaud's wife is not known. Raimbaud & his wife had one child:

a) RAINARD [I] (-before 14 Jul 1034). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 1069 issued by Udo Bishop of Toul relating to the county of Toul which names "antiqui comites…Raimbaldus et Rainaldus major filius eius, atque Rainaldus minor"[1129]. Comte de Toul. Brunon Bishop of Toul confirmed the churches possessed by the abbey of Saint-Eure, including "ecclesiam in Tantonis-villa" donated by "vir recordabilis memoriæ Rainardus ex comite in prædicto monasterio monachus factus", by charter dated 14 Jul 1034[1130]. m ---. The name of Rainard's wife is not known. Rainard [I] & his wife had one child:

i) RAINARD [II] (-[1051/52]). Udo Bishop of Toul issued a charter dated 1069 relating to the county of Toul which names "antiqui comites…Raimbaldus et Rainaldus major filius eius, atque Rainaldus minor"[1131]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1070 under which "Fredericus…civitatis Leucorum comes" confirmed property at Viller-le-ses to the abbey of Saint-Eure, naming "comitibus meis antecessoribus Raimbaldo et Rainaldo majore eiusque filio Rainaldo minore meo socero"[1132]. Comte de Toul. "Rainardi comitis […juniore], Conradi comitis…comite Ricuino juniore" witnessed the charter of Brunon Bishop of Toul dated 1043 which confirms the foundation of the priory of Deuilly by "Galterius de Daguliaco cum…conjugis suæ Adilæ", another version of the same document being signed by "Valtheri comitis, Rainardi comitis, Odelrici comitis, alterius Odelrici comitis…"[1133]. "Gerardi Ducis, Othonis Marchionis, Ludovici Comitis de Montione, Renaldi Comitis Tullensis, Hamonis de Brixeio, Milonis filii Rodulphi de Gondricurte" witnessed the bull of Pope Leo IX dated 1051 which confirms the church of Saint-Diey[1134]. m ---. The name of Rainard's wife is not known. Rainard [II] & his wife had one child:

(a) GERTRUDE de Toul (6 or 7 Aug ----). Udon Bishop of Toul issued a charter relating to the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville dated 17 Oct 1052 which records that "Fredericus comes" married "filiam Reinardi Tullensis comitis…Gertrudis" from whom she inherited the county[1135]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "6 Aug" of "Gertrudis comitissa" and "7 Aug" of "Gertrudis comitissa"[1136], one of whom probably refers to Gertrude wife of Comte Frédéric [I] whose own death appears to be recorded in the same source. m FREDERIC [I] Comte d'Astenois, son of BAUDOUIN & his wife --- (-29 Jan after 1080).

1. ARDULPH (-after 15 Oct 1062). Comte de Toul. The dating clause of a charter dated 15 Oct 1062, which records a judgment of Udo Bishop of Toul, states “regnante Henrico IV Rom. Rege, Duce Gerardo, Ardulpho Tullensi comite...”[1137].

B. COMTES d'ASTENOIS et de TOUL

No primary source has been identified which confirms the parentage of Baudouin. Kupper suggests that he may have been Baudouin, son of Hildrad (ancestor of the comtes de Grandpré), which would explain the family connection and close personal relationship between Ermengarde/Ermentrude wife of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu (sister of that Baudouin) and Henri [de Toul] Bishop of Liège (son/grandson of this second Baudouin, shown below), which is revealed in the charters in which they are named together[1138].

1. BAUDOUIN (-18 or 19 Nov ----). The Kalendarium Sanctæ Mariæ Virdunensis records the death "XIII Kal Dec" of "Balduinus comes pater Henrici episcopi"[1139]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "XIV Kal Dec" of "Balduinus comes"[1140]. m ---. The name of Baudouin's wife is not known. Baudouin & his wife had [two] children:

a) FREDERIC [I] (-29 Jan after 1080). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified, although as noted below Frédéric is recorded as the brother of Henri Bishop of Liège, who is in turn recorded in one source as the son of Baudouin. Comte d'Astenois. Comte de Toul. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Heinricus venerabilis Leodiensium præsul" as brother of "Fredericus comes Tullensis"[1141]. "Fredericus…civitatis Leucorum comes" confirmed property at Viller-le-ses to the abbey of Saint-Eure by charter dated 1070, which names "comitibus meis antecessoribus Raimbaldo et Rainaldo majore eiusque filio Rainaldo minore meo socero", signed by "Haimonis comitis, Everardi comitis, Gilberti filii eius…"[1142]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "IV Kal Feb" of "Fredericus comes, Leodicensis episcopi frater"[1143]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "29 Jan" of "Fridericus comes"[1144]. m GERTRUDE de Toul, daughter of RAINARD [II] Comte de Toul & his wife --- (6 or 7 Aug ----). Udon Bishop of Toul issued a charter relating to the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville dated 17 Oct 1052 which records that "Fredericus comes" married "filiam Reinardi Tullensis comitis…Gertrudis" from whom she inherited the county[1145]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "6 Aug" of "Gertrudis comitissa" and "7 Aug" of "Gertrudis comitissa"[1146], one of whom probably refers to Gertrude wife of Comte Frédéric [I] whose own death appears to be recorded in the same source. Frédéric [I] & his wife had two children:

i) RAINARD [III] (-17 or 18 Feb [1116/20]). The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Rainaldus et Petrus" as sons of "Fredericus comes Tullensis"[1147]. Comte de Toul. Pibo Bishop of Toul granted privileges to the monastery of Toul Saint-Léon and named "dux Theodericus et Simon puer eius filius, et frater ducis Gerardus comes et Renardus comes Tillensis" by charter dated 10 Oct 1091[1148]. Albert of Aix records that "Godefridus dux regni Lotharingiæ…fraterque eius uterinus Baldewinus, Warnerus de Greis cognatus ipsius Ducis, Baldewinus pariter de Burch, Reinhardus comes de Tul, Petrus…frater ipsius, Dodo de Cons, Henricus de Ascha ac frater illius Godefridus" left for Jerusalem in Aug 1096[1149]. Albert of Aix names "…Petrus de Staneis, Renardus de Tul civitate…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[1150]. Albert of Aix records "Petrus de Stadeneis, Reinardus de Tul frater eius, Warnerus de Greis, Henricus de Ascha, Reinardus de Hamersbach, Walterus de Domedart" as those who guarded Adhémar Bishop of Le Puy into the mountains towards the port of Simeon after finding the holy lance, dated to mid-1098 from the context[1151]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XIII Kal Mar" of "Raynardus comes Tullensis"[1152]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "18 Feb" of "Renaldus comes"[1153]. m as her first husband, GISELE de Vaudémont, daughter of GERARD [I] Comte de Vaudémont & his [second] wife Heilwig von Egisheim ([before 1095?]-26 Dec after 1141, bur Saint-Mihiel). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitem Wanderii Montis Hugonem et sororem eius Gislam" as children of "Gerardum…primus comes Wanderi Montis" & his [second] wife, specifying that Gisela was "comitissa Barri"[1154]. The chronology of the lives of her children by her first marriage suggests that Gisèle was probably born before [1095]. Her first marriage is deduced from the same source which records that "comes Raynaldus Barri" became the stepfather of "comitis Frederici Tullensis et fratrum suorum Theoderici et Wedrici" although without naming his wife[1155]. It should be noted that these two texts do not establish beyond doubt that the widow of Renier Comte de Toul was also the daughter of Gérard Comte de Vaudémont. It is therefore not impossible that Comte Renaud married twice, firstly to Gisèle daughter of Comte Gérard, and secondly to the unnamed widow of Comte Rainard. However, no indication has yet been found in the primary sources to indicate that this is correct. She married secondly (before [1120]) Renaud I Comte de Bar. Rainard [III] & his wife had three children:

(a) FREDERIC [II] (-18 Jul, 1142 or after). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "comes Raynaldus Barri" became the stepfather of "comitis Frederici Tullensis et fratrum suorum Theoderici et Wedrici" but does not name his wife[1156]. Comte de Toul. “Fridericus...Tullensium comes...et uxor mea Hawuidis” confirmed a donation to Tart abbey made by Mathieu Duc de Lorraine by charter dated 1142, witnessed by “...Rainaldus comes Barrensis, Henricus frater comitis Friderici...”[1157]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XV Kal Aug" of "Fridericus comes Tulensis"[1158]. m (before mid-1128) HADWIDE de Lorraine, daughter of SIMON I Duke of Lorraine & his wife Adelaide de Louvain (-[27 Jan, 29 Jan or 23 Feb] after 1142). “Fridericus...Tullensium comes...et uxor mea Hawuidis” confirmed a donation to Tart abbey made by Mathieu Duc de Lorraine by charter dated 1142, witnessed by “...Rainaldus comes Barrensis, Henricus frater comitis Friderici...”[1159]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "27 Jan" of "Helvydis comitissa", "29 Jan" of "Helvydis comitissa", and "23 Feb" of "Havidis comitissa"[1160]. Frédéric [II] & his wife had one child:

(1) HENRI [I] (-[1 Jan] [1148/49] or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. [Comte de Dampierre-en-Astenois: Boson Bishop of Châlons (who held office from 1153 to 1161) records a donation made by “comitissa de Damperre et Henricus filius eius” of “terram...in territorio Veteris Dampierre”, undated, while another of his charters refers to the same donation made by “Henricus comes de Damperre”[1161]. It is not known whether these documents refer to the wife of Rainard [III] Comte de Toul or of Frédéric [II] Comte de Toul.] Comte de Toul. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "1 Jan" of "Henricus et Theodoricus comites"[1162].

(b) HENRI (-after 1142). “Fridericus...Tullensium comes...et uxor mea Hawuidis” confirmed a donation to Tart abbey made by Mathieu Duc de Lorraine by charter dated 1142, witnessed by “...Rainaldus comes Barrensis, Henricus frater comitis Friderici...”[1163]. [Comte de Dampierre-en-Astenois: Boson Bishop of Châlons (who held office from 1153 to 1161) records a donation made by “comitissa de Damperre et Henricus filius eius” of “terram...in territorio Veteris Dampierre”, undated, while another of his charters refers to the same donation made by “Henricus comes de Damperre”[1164]. It is not known whether these documents refer to the wife of Rainard [III] Comte de Toul or of Frédéric [II] Comte de Toul.] m ---. The name of Henri's wife is not known. Henri & his wife had one child:

(1) RAINARD (-[1191]). There is some difference of opinion about the precise parentage of Rainard [I] Comte de Dampierre-en-Astenois. Barthélemy, in the introduction to his collection of Dampierre-en-Astenois charters, states that “les comtes d’Astenois...étaient issues d’un cadet des comtes de Toul”, adding in a later passage that Rainard [II] de Dampierre descended “à la quatrième génération” from Pierre, son of Frédéric II Comte de Toul, although he gives no details of the descent[1165]. Europäische Stammtafeln agrees about the family connection with the comtes de Toul, but shows Rainard [II] as the grandson of Henri de Toul, younger son of Rainard [III] Comte de Toul (brother of Pierre)[1166]. The question is resolved by the following charter: Guy Bishop of Châlons confirmed the possessions of Montier abbey, including the confirmation made by Rainard “dominus de Damperre filius Henrici” of donations made by “predecessores eius Fredericus comes et Henricus filius eius”, undated, but recorded in a bull of Pope Alexander III dated 1163[1167]. Seigneur de Dampierre [en-Astenois], later Comte.

- COMTES de DAMPIERRE-en-ASTENOIS.

ii) PIERRE (-[13 Jan] after 1096). The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Rainaldus et Petrus" as sons of "Fredericus comes Tullensis"[1168]. William of Tyre names "Petrus comes de Stadeneis, Rainardus comes Tullensis frater eius" as members of the contingent of Baudouin de Boulogne in Asia Minor on the First Crusade[1169]. Albert of Aix records that "Godefridus dux regni Lotharingiæ…fraterque eius uterinus Baldewinus, Warnerus de Greis cognatus ipsius Ducis, Baldewinus pariter de Burch, Reinhardus comes de Tul, Petrus…frater ipsius, Dodo de Cons, Henricus de Ascha ac frater illius Godefridus" left for Jerusalem in Aug 1096[1170]. Comte de Stenay. Albert of Aix records "Petrus de Stadeneis, Reinardus de Tul frater eius, Warnerus de Greis, Henricus de Ascha, Reinardus de Hamersbach, Walterus de Domedart" as those who guarded Adhémar Bishop of Le Puy into the mountains towards the port of Simeon after finding the holy lance, dated to mid-1098 from the context[1171]. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "13 Jan" of "Petrus comes"[1172]. m HADVIDE, daughter of --- (-[27 Jan, 29 Jan or 23 Feb] ----). The primary source which confirms her marriage has not been identified. The Obituaire de Saint-Mansuy records the death "27 Jan" of "Helvydis comitissa", "29 Jan" of "Helvydis comitissa", and "23 Feb" of "Havidis comitissa"[1173].

b) [HENRI (-31 May 1092, bur Huy Notre-Dame). The primary sources are contradictory regarding the parentage of Henri. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium names "Heinricus venerabilis Leodiensium præsul" as brother of "Fredericus comes Tullensis"[1174]. The Kalendarium Sanctæ Mariæ Virdunensis records the death "XIII Kal Dec" of [his father] "Balduinus comes pater Henrici episcopi"[1175]. On the other hand, the Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium names "Heinricum…Virdunensem archidiaconum…filium…Frederici comitis Tullensis"[1176]. Not enough is known about the chronology of the Toul family to decide which version is more likely to be correct. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "Henricus episcopus [Leodiensis]" was "ex una parte cognatus ducis Godefridi"[1177], but this relationship has not been identified. Bishop of Liège 1075. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records that “dux Bullonil Godefridus” supported the candidature of “Henricum cognatum suum Virdunensem archidiaconum...filium...Frederici comitis Tullensis” to succeed Theodoin as bishop of Liège[1178]. Sigebert's Chronica records the death in 1091 of "Heinricus Leodicensium episcopus" and the succession of “Otbertus ex clero eiusdem æcclesiæ”[1179]. The Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium records the death “pridie Kal Jun” 1091 of Bishop Henri and his burial “Hoii in ecclesia beate Marie”[1180]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "Pridie Kal Mai" of "Henricus episcopus Leodiensis"[1181].]

Chapter 17. COMTES de VERDUN

The county of Verdun existed at least from the late 9th century. The division of Lotharingian territories agreed 8 Aug 870 between Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks and his half-brother Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks allocated "…comitatum… Viridunense…" to King Charles[1182], and Richwin is recorded as comte in Verdun in a charter dated 895[1183]. The county of Verdun was acquired by the bishop of Verdun: a charter dated 17 Aug 1156 of Emperor Friedrich I "Barbarossa" indicates that the acquisition took place during the reign of Emperor Otto III[1184]. However, a charter of Heimo Bishop of Verdun dated 1020 names "domni Frederici…comes nostre civitatis"[1185], which suggests that the acquisition may have been progressive, or at least that Friedrich remained as count of the town of Verdun under the overall administration of the bishop. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that Rambert Bishop of Verdun appointed "comitem Chisneiensem Ludovicum, filium Ottonis comitis" as count of the town of Verdun, presumably after the resignation of Friedrich, but that Gozelon Duke of Lower Lotharingia (brother of Friedrich) invaded the town with Baudouin Count of Flanders and murdered Louis[1186].

A. COMTES de VERDUN [890]-[960]

1. RICHWIN [Richizo] (-murdered 923). Comte [de Verdun]. King Zwentibold donated property "in pago Uirdunensi in comitatu Rihuuini atque in pago Scarmis in comitatu Irenfridi capellam…Acei" to the monks of St Mihiel by charter dated 14 Aug 895[1187]. "Zuendeboldus…rex" donated property to the church of Trier by charter dated 23 Jan 899 which names "Richquinus et Widiacus…comites nostri"[1188]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks issued a charter dated 11 Jun 913 which names "Richuinus comes"[1189]. King Charles III confirmed a donation to Verdun St Michael, at the request of "comite Ricunio atque Erlebodo", by charter dated 24 Nov 915[1190]. King Charles III restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus"[1191]. “Riquinus...comes et abba ex monasterio sancti Petri Apostolorum principis Metensi ecclesia” granted property of the abbey “in comitatu Sarpontensi in villa...Campels” to “Remdendis Deo sacrata et Theilalfus filius suus” by charter dated 1 Feb 918, subscribed by “Hugo comes...”[1192]. Flodoard records in 921 that "Ricuni infidelis" opposed Charles III “le Simple” King of the West Franks “in regnum Lotharii”[1193]. Flodoard records that "Boso filius Richardi" killed "Ricuinum" in 923[1194]. m firstly ---, daughter of ENGUERRAND & his wife Friderada ---. Regino names "Friderada" as wife of "Engilrammo ex qua filiam quam postmodem Richwinus comes in coniugem accepti"[1195]. In the same passage, Regino also records that Richwin ordered the beheading of his first wife for her unchastity. m secondly ([916/19] or after) as her second husband, CUNIGONDE, widow of WIGERICH [III], daughter of --- & his wife Ermentrud --- ([895]-after [930/40]). Her parentage and first marriage are indicated by the charter dated to [915] under which Charles III “le Simple” King of the West Franks donated the abbeys of Hastières and Saint-Rombaut to Liège Saint-Lambert, granting the enjoyment for life to "comes Windricus...uxoris eius...Cunegundis et unius filiorum ipsorum...nostri nepotis Adelberonis"[1196]. Her first and second marriages are confirmed by the Vita Iohannis Gorziensis which names "episcopo…Adalberone" (her son by her first husband) and "vitrico…eius Richizone" (her second husband)[1197]. Her parentage is confirmed more specifically because the mother of Siegfried Count of Luxembourg is named "Cynigund", daughter of "Irmindrud" daughter of Louis II "le Bègue" King of the West Franks, in an 11th century genealogy which traces the ancestry of Siegfried's daughter Empress Kunigunde[1198]. [She may have married thirdly ---. This possible third marriage is discussed in the document LUXEMBOURG, SALM.] Comte Richwin & his [first/second] wife had one child:

a) OTTO (-943). Widukind names "præfciensque regioni Lothariorum Oddonem, Ricwinus filium, et ut nepotem suum filium Isilberhti, optimæ pulata est coniugio"[1199]. He was installed as OTTO joint Duke of Lotharingia in 940. "Otto…rex" granted property "Nordbelt in villa…Mangunile in comitatu Sointinse" to "viro Volguuin" at the request of "Ottonis ducis" by charter dated 17 Nov 942[1200]. Regino records the death in 943 of "Otto dux"[1201].

1. RAOUL [Rudolf] [II], son of RAOUL [I] Comte d'Ivois & his wife Eva --- (-[960/65]). "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[1202]. It is assumed that he was installed as Comte de Verdun after the death of Otto Duke of Lower Lotharingia[1203], although no primary source has been found which confirms the date. However, the charter dated to [960] suggests that "Gotdefridi comitis" was count at that date and therefore that Raoul had been displaced. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the properties of the convent of St Vanne at Verdun, among which that donated by "…Geldulfi villam…dono Rodulfi filii Rodulfi comitis…", and donated "Mosomum" on the petition of "Herimanni comitis" by charter dated 1015[1204].

B. COMTES de VERDUN [960]-[1020] (FAMILY of WIGERICH)

GODEFROI, son of Comte GOZELON & his wife Uda [Matfriede] (-3 Sep [998 or after], bur Gent St Peter). "Uda…comitissa" donated property "in pago Rizzigowi cui Egylolfus comes" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…seniorique mei Gozlini necnon filiorum meorum Henrici…et Reginheri, Godefridi quoque et Adalberonis" by charter dated 18 May 963 witnessed by "Sigefrido comite, Richwino comite"[1205]. "Otto…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the rights of "monasterio super fluvium Mose" founded by "Gotefridi comitis nostrique fidelis…et coniux sua pro anime sui fratris Alberonis" by charter dated 6 Apr 997[1206]. Graf von Bidgau: "Bovo cum coniuge mea Engila" donated property "ex hereditate paterna…in villa Dundeva in comitatu Bedense cui Godefridus comes preesse dinoscitur" to St Maximin at Trier by charter dated 1 Nov 959[1207]. He was installed as Comte de Verdun before [960]: "Rodulfus filius quondam…comitis Rodulfi et eius…coniugis Evæ" donated property "res…meæ…in pago et in comitatu Virdunensi…Geldulfi villa" for the souls of "senioris mei Wigfridi episcopi et parentis mei Ottonis, Gisleberti quondam comitis fratris" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated to [960], subscribed by "Gotdefridi comitis et fratris eius Heinrici"[1208]. "Godefridi comitis, Ingelberti advocati, Arnulfi junioris marchysi…" signed the charter dated 11 Apr 969 under which "Theodericus comes" donated "sui iuris possessionem…Frilingim in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[1209]. Comte de Hainaut 973. "Godefridus comes et uxor sua Mathildis" donated "regium fiscum Holinium…in pago Tornacensi…et…Ramelgeis ecclesia…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated [21 Jan] 974, signed by "Arnulfi…junioris marchysi, Herimanni comitis filiis Godefridi comitis, Wiggeri, Ingelberti advocati…"[1210]. "Godefridus…comes et uxor mea Mathildis" donated "Holinum…in pago Tornacensi…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 21 Jan 979, signed by "…Hermanni comitis filii Godefridi comitis…Ingelberti advocati…"[1211]. Marquis d'Eenham. The Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium records that "comites Godefridus…[et] Arnulfus" defended Cambrai against Lothaire King of the West Franks, during the absence of Emperor Otto II in Poland, dated to 979, and against Eudes de Vermandois who had constructed Vinchy castle near the city[1212]. The Epistolæ Bambergenses name "Gottefredus et Arnulfus marchiones" among those who sent contingents for the Italian expedition of 980[1213], which likely refer to Godefroi Comte de Verdun et de Hainaut (who was marquis d'Eenham) and Arnoul de Cambrai (marquis de Valenciennes). Richer records that "Belgicæ dux Theodericus, necnon et vir nobilis ac strenuus Godefridus, Sigefridus quoque vir illustris, Bardo etiam et Gozilo fratres clarissimi et nominatissimi" captured Verdun in 985[1214]. He helped defend Verdun against Lothaire King of the West Franks in [984/85], but was captured together with Siegfried Comte de Luxembourg[1215]. Otto III King of Germany confirmed rights of Gant Saint-Pierre abbey in property "in pago Haginao villam Dulciacum [et]…in pago Bracbanto villam Wandeleni…quam Eilbodo…tradidit…", at the request of "Godefridi et Arnulfi comitem", by charter dated 20 May 988[1216]. Richer records that "Godefridus comes cum duobus filiis suis, atque Ragenerus Remensium vice-dominus" were among the lay representatives at the council of Mouzon in 995[1217]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "comes Raginerus" captured "Montem castri" from "comiti Godefrido" in 998[1218] which, if the text refers to this Godefroi, suggests a later date of death (assuming the dating of Alberic is accurate). The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "III Non Sep" of "Godefridus comes pater ducis Gozelonis qui nobis Borrarum dedit"[1219].

m ([963]) as her second husband, MECHTILD of Saxony, widow of BALDWIN III joint Count of Flanders, daughter of HERMANN Billung Duke in Saxony & his [first/second] wife [Oda ---/Hildesuit ---] ([942]-Ghent 25 May 1008, bur Ghent St Peter). The Annalista Saxo names (in order) "Bennonis ducis, qui et Bernhardus et Liudigeri comitis et Machtildis comitisse" as brothers and sister of "domna Suanehildis [filia] Herimanni ducis de Liuniburh", recording the names of Mechtild's two husbands[1220]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildis comitissa Saxonie" as wife of "Godefridi Ardennensis"[1221]. Sigebert names "dux Godefridus…Eihamensis" and states that he married "Mathildem, filiam Herimanni ducis Saxonum, viduam relictam Baldewini comitis"[1222]. "Godefridus comes et uxor sua Mathildis" donated "regium fiscum Holinium…in pago Tornacensi…et…Ramelgeis ecclesia…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated [21 Jan] 974[1223]. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the rights and property of Kloster Mouzon donated by (among others) "dux Fredericus pro anima Ottonis…[et] Godefridus comes et coniux sua Mathildis pro anima sui fratris Adalberonis archiepiscopi" by charter dated 1023[1224]. The necrology of Liège Saint-Lambert records the death "VIII Kal Jun" of "Mathildis comitisse"[1225]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "VIII Kal Jun" of "domna Matildis comitissa"[1226].

Comte Godefroi & his wife had [eleven] children:

1. ADALBERO (-in Italy 18 Apr 988, bur Verdun Cathedral). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium[1227]. He was appointed Bishop of Verdun in 984 by his uncle Adalbero Bishop of Reims, which triggered the latter's dispute with Lothaire King of the West Franks as the appointment was made without the king's permission[1228]. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 986 of “Wicfridus episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Adelbero”[1229]. "Adalbero, filius comitis Godefridi" is named in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, when recording his appointment as Bishop of Verdun[1230]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "episcopum Virdunensem Alberonem, comitem Fridericum…comitem de Daburc Hermannum…et duos duces Godefridum et Gothelonem" as sons of "Godefridi Ardennensis" and his wife Mechtild, recording in an earlier passage the election of "alter Adalbero, filius comitis Godefridi" as Bishop of Verdun in 984[1231]. The earlier paragraph also records the appointment at the same time of "Adalbero filius Friderici ducis" as Bishop of Metz, making it clear that the two were different persons, disproving the assertion in Poull[1232]. The necrology of Verdun Cathedral records the death "XIV Kal Mai" of "Adelbero episcopus virdun. ecclesie"[1233]. Adalbero died in Italy, his body being brought back by his brother "comite Frederico" and buried in Verdun Cathedral[1234].

2. FREDERIC (-Verdun 6 Jan 1022, bur Monastery St Guy). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, which specifies that Frederic became a monk and made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem[1235]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "episcopum Virdunensem Alberonem, comitem Fridericum…comitem de Daburc Hermannum…et duos duces Godefridum et Gothelonem" as sons of "Godefridi Ardennensis" and his wife Mechtild, specifying that Frederic was "Sancti Vitonii monachum"[1236]. "Comite Frederico" is named as brother of Adalbero Bishop of Verdun in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, when recording that he repatriated Adalbero's body from Italy[1237]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Verdun. It is uncertain how long Frederic remained as count in Verdun as the charter dated 17 Aug 1156 of Emperor Friedrich I "Barbarossa" indicates that the county of Verdun was transferred to the bishop of Verdun during the reign of Emperor Otto III[1238]. However, a charter dated 1020, under which Heimo Bishop of Verdun confirmed an exchange of property, names "domni Frederici…comes nostre civitatis"[1239], which suggests that Frederic continued as count at least in part of the county. The charter dated [1020] of Abbot Richard demonstrates that Frederic must have resigned the county soon after, as it refers to "temporis dominus Fredericus qui comes Virdunensis civitatis fuerat" adding that he became a monk at Saint-Vanne[1240]. Frederic was also Comte de Castres, as shown by the charter dated 5 May 1005 under which Heinrich II King of Germany granted market rights at "Doncheria…in comitatu…Frederici comitis…Castricensis" to Saint-Médard de Soissons[1241]. The necrology of St Vaast records the death in 1022 of "Fridericus avunculus Balduini Barbati comitis Flandriæ, ortus ex Godefrido Barbato comite Arduennæ, Virduni, Bullonii et Mathilde comitissæ Saxoniæ", noting that he was "præpositus Sancti Vedasti" from 1001 until his death, and his burial "monasterium Sancti Widoni"[1242].

3. HERMAN [Hezelo] (-28 May 1029, bur Verdun Saint-Vanne). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium[1243]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "episcopum Virdunensem Alberonem, comitem Fridericum…comitem de Daburc Hermannum…et duos duces Godefridum et Gothelonem" as sons of "Godefridi Ardennensis" and his wife Mechtild[1244]. "Arnulfi…junioris marchysi, Herimanni comitis filiis Godefridi comitis…" signed the charter dated [21 Jan] 974 under which "Godefridus comes et uxor sua Mathildis" donated "regium fiscum Holinium…in pago Tornacensi…et…Ramelgeis ecclesia…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[1245]. "Godefridus…comes et uxor mea Mathildis" donated "Holinum…in pago Tornacensi…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 21 Jan 979, signed by "…Hermanni comitis filii Godefridi comitis…Ingelberti advocati…"[1246]. Comte d'Eename. Sigebert names "Godefridum, Gozcelonem, Hezcelonem" as the three sons of "dux Godefridus…Eihamensis" & his wife, stating that "Hezcelo comes" inherited "castrum Eiham cum provincia Brabantensi" after his father's death[1247]. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" confirmed the properties of the convent of St Vanne at Verdun, among which that donated by "Florihing mansum…dono Gerardi comitis…[et] Geldulfi villam…dono Rodulfi filii Rodulfi comitis…[et] comes Gotdefridus…et Herimannus comes in comitatu Bracbantinse…Haslud…et…Feilsecum…[et] frater eius dux Godefridus…Beurunes… comes…Liutardus…in pago Waprensi in comitatu de Custrei…Bailodium", and donated "Mosomum" on the petition of "Herimanni comitis" by charter dated 1015[1248]. Graf in Eifelgau und in Westfalen 1017. The necrology of Liège Saint-Lambert records the death "V Kal Jun" of "Herimanni comitis"[1249]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "V Kal Apr" of "Herimannus comes qui nobis dedit…apud domnum Basolum"[1250]. m [firstly] MATHILDE, daughter of ---. The Chronicon Hugonis names "Gregorium et Godefridum" as the two sons of "Herimannus qui et Hezelo & Mathildem"[1251]. [m secondly GODA, daughter of ---. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XV Kal Jun" of "domna Goda que dedit nobis ecclesiam de Felsira"[1252]. No direct confirmation of this supposed second marriage of Herman has yet been found. However, the charter of Emperor Heinrich II, referred to above, confirms that the church of Velsique ("Feilsecum/Felsira") was donated to Verdun Saint-Vanne by Comte Herman. As the necrology confirms that Goda was also associated with the donation, it is likely that she was his wife at the time. As shown below, two of Comte Herman's infant children were buried in the same church, which suggests that they may have been born from this marriage. They are named by Sigebert who also names Mathilde as Herman's daughter, but does not name his three other children who are referred to in other sources. The date of Mathilde's marriage suggests that she was one of Herman's younger children. If this is correct, it is more likely that Goda was Herman's second wife if she was his wife at all.] Comte Herman & his [first] wife had three children:

a) GREGOIRE . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Gregorius Leodiensis archidyaconis" as son of "comitem de Daburc Hermannum [filii Godefridi Ardennensis]"[1253]. The Chronicon Hugonis names "Gregorium et Godefridum" as the two sons of "Herimannus qui et Hezelo & Mathildem", specifying in a later passage that Gregorius entered the church "in annis puerilibus"[1254]. Archdeacon of Liège. The Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis names "filius comitis Hermanni bonæ memoriæ Gregorius Leodiensis archidiaconus"[1255].

b) GODEFROI . The Chronicon Hugonis names "Gregorium et Godefridum" as the two sons of "Herimannus qui et Hezelo & Mathildem"[1256]. same person as…? GOTTFRIED . This co-identity is suggested in Europäische Stammtafeln[1257], but the basis for the speculation is not known. Graf in Westfalen.

- GRAFEN von CAPPENBERG.

c) ODILIA . The Chronico Virdunensi names "Odiliam" as the daughter of "Herimannus qui et Hezelo [et] Mathildem uxorem", specifying that she was "abbatissa…in monasterio S Odiliæ"[1258].

Comte Herman & his [second] wife had three children:

d) HERMANN (-young, bur Velsique). Sigebert names "filium…Herimannum et filiam…Berthildem" as the children of "Hezcelo comes" who died young and were buried "in ecclesia apud Felseka"[1259].

e) BERTILDE (-young, bur Velsique). Sigebert names "filium…Herimannum et filiam…Berthildem" as the children of "Hezcelo comes" who died young and were buried "in ecclesia apud Felseka"[1260].

f) MATHILDE de Verdun (-after 1039). The Ruperti Chronicon records "ältera filia [=Herimannus] Raginero Montensi Brabantiam tradidit" but does not name her[1261]. Sigebert refers to "alteram…filiam [Hezcelonis comitis]" who married "Reginero, Montensi comiti, simul cum tota provincia Brabantensi"[1262]. The Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium records the marriage of "Rainerius" and "filiam Herimanni comitis" but adds that Bishop Gérard was displeased because of the consanguinity between the parties[1263]. This relationship has not been traced. The primary source which confirms her name has not been identified. m ([1015]) REGINAR [V] Comte de Hainaut, son of REGINAR [IV] Comte de Hainaut & his wife Hedwige de France (-after 1039).

Comte Herman had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

g) GODEFROI (-[before 995], bur Ham). The Chronicon Hugonis names "ex concubina filium nomine Godefridum" as another son of "Herimannus qui et Hezelo", in addition to the others named above, specifying in a later passage that he died before his father (who made a donation for his soul) and was buried at Ham[1264]. The Chronico Virdunensi names "Godefridum" as the son of "Godofredus…ex concubina"[1265]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "XII Kal Nov" of "Godefridus filius Herimanni comitis pro cuius anima…Gengeauia alia Ham ab ipse comite"[1266].

4. GODEFROI (-26 Sep 1023, bur Verdun Saint-Vanne). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, which specifies that Godefroi and Gozelon succeeded as dukes[1267]. The Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi names "Arnulphum comitem Flandrensem, Godefridum ducem, Gozelonem ducem, fratres" as children of "Mathildis soror Guepe et Berthe [Burgundiæ]"[1268]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that the Emperor conferred "ducatus Lotharingie" on "comiti Godefrido Virdunensi, filio Godefridi Ardennensis" after the death of Otto Duke of Lower Lotharingia [Carolingian], an event which the chronicler records under 1005[1269]. He was installed in 1012 as GODEFROI I Duke of Lower Lotharingia by Emperor Heinrich II. "Heinricus…Romanorum imperator augustus" renewed the privileges of Kloster Fulda by undated charter, placed in the compilation with other charters dated 1020, witnessed by "Godifridi ducis, Berinhardi ducis, Thiederici ducis, Welphonis comitis, Cunonis comitis, Kunrati comitis, Ottonis comitis, Adilbrahtis comitis, Bobonis comitis, Friderici comitis, Bezilini comitis, Ezonis comitis palatini"[1270], the order of witnesses presumably giving some idea of the relative importance of these named nobles at the court of Emperor Heinrich II at the time. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 1023 of "Godefridus dux"[1271]. The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "V Kal Oct" of "Godefridus dux frater Gocelonis ducis qui nobis in Beurunes xx mansos dedit"[1272]. The necrology of Liège Saint-Lambert records the death "VI Kal Oct" of "Godefridi pacifici ducis"[1273].

5. GOZELON ([968/73]-19 Apr 1044, bur Münsterbilsen). "Adalberonem…episcopum, Fredericum et Herimannum comites, Godefridum atque Gozelonem" are named (in order) as the five sons of "comiti Godefrido" and "Mathildis Saxoniæ comitissa" in the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, which specifies that Godefroi and Gozelon succeeded as dukes[1274]. He is named, and his parentage given, in the Annalista Saxo[1275]. Count in the March of Antwerp. He succeeded his brother in 1023 as GOZELON I Duke of Lower Lotharingia. He succeeded in 1033 as GOZELON I Duke of Upper Lotharingia.

- DUKES of LOWER LOTHARINGIA.

6. ADELA . The Vita Meinwerci records a donation (undated, but with other donations dated [1022]) of "comes…Godizo" with the consent of "coniugis suæ Addilæ ac sororis suæ heredis iustissimæ", witnessed by "Liudolfi, Udonis, Hiddonis, Acca comitum"[1276]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not so far been identified. m GODIZO Graf von Aspelt und Heimbach, son of RICHIZO & his wife --- (-after [1022]).

7. IRMGARD (-1042). The Vita Popponis names "Ermengarde…principis Godefridi filia"[1277]. Thietmar records the excommunication of "nepos meus Oddo et uxor eius Irmirgerd, consanguinitate proxima iniuste diu coniuncti" in 1018, providing no details of the relationship between the two, and in a later passage records their separation[1278]. The validity of her marriage was challenged by the church on grounds of consanguinity, the dispute continuing for ten years before the marriage was finally accepted[1279]. "Heinricus…rex" granted property "in villis Harive, Vals, Apine, Falchenberch…in pago Livgowe et in comitatu Dietbaldi comitis" to "Irmingardæ nepti nostræ" by charter dated 5 Feb 1041, on the petition of "ducum Gozelonis filiique sui Gotefridi"[1280]. "Heinricus…rex" restituted property to Kloster Hersfeld "post obitum Hirmingarde comitissæ" which Emperor Konrad II had granted to Graf Otto, by charter dated 5 Jan 1043[1281]. m OTTO von Hammerstein Graf in der Wetterau und im Engersgau, son of HERIBERT, Pfalzgraf, Graf im Kinziggau [Konradiner] & his wife Imiza --- (-[5 Jun 1036]).

8. ERMENTRUDE (-7 Mar after 1010). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. Roland records the wife of Arnaud as “Ermentrude, fille de Godefroid le Captif et de Mathilde de Saxe” but he does not cite the corresponding primary source[1282]. He states also that “Arnoul seigneur de Florennes reçut en bénéfice du comte Herman son beau-frère l’abbaye d’Hautmont”, again without citing the corresponding primary source but Roland’s wording suggests that the document may indicate the family relationship between the two parties[1283]. m ARNAUD Seigneur de Florennes, son of Comte GODEFROI & his wife Alpaide --- (-22 Oct [1002/10]).

9. [REGINLIND (-1 Feb [1050]). The Vita Adalberonis Episcopi Wirziburgensis records that "comes Arnoldus…in Lambacensi loco" married "Regila nobili uxore ex Francia orientali oriunda"[1284]. According to Wegener, she was the daughter of Godefroi Comte de Verdun[1285]. He cites no primary source in support and it is difficult to see how Reginlind could have been described as "ex Francia orientali" if this parentage is correct. The hypothesis would certainly explain the transmission of the names Gottfried, Adalbero and Mechtild into the family of the Grafen von Wels und Lambach, but there must be other explanations for this. "Chuonradus…rex" granted property "inter villam Frumanaha et inter fluvios Danubium et Maraha in comitatu Adalberti marchionis" to "fideli nostro comiti Arnoldo eiusque uxori Reginlinde ac filiis utrorumque" by charter dated 11 May 1025[1286]. The necrology of Lambach records the death "Kal Feb" of "Regila marchionissa mater ep Adalberonis"[1287]. m ARNOLD [II] Graf von Wels und Lambach, son of ARNOLD [I] Graf in Rottagau & his wife --- (-1055). Markgraf in der Kärtner Mark 1035.]

10. [GERBERGE . According to Europäische Stammtafeln[1288], the wife of Folmar [IV] may have been the daughter of Godefroi Comte de Verdun and his wife Mechtild of Saxony [Billung] but the basis for this speculation is not known. m FOLMAR [IV] Graf von Metz Graf im Bliesgau, son of FOLMAR [III] Graf von Metz, Graf im Bliesgau & his wife Bertha --- (-1026 or after). 999/1026.

11. [--- . m ---.] One child:

a) RAOUL [Rodolphe] (-[1039/46]). Abbot of Saint-Germain de Montfaucon (Dormois) [984/88]. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that Adalbero Bishop of Verdun granted "abbatiam sancti Germani" to "Rodulfo nepoti suo", adding that he lived "ad tempora domni Richardi episcopi" (who is recorded as bishop between 1039 and 1046)[1289]. Vanderkindere suggests that Raoul was the son of Raoul [II] Comte d'Ivois (see COMTES de CHINY)[1290], but this appears to be based on little more than the common name as the text confuses him with his supposed father.

The precise relationship between the following person, a relative of Gérard de Florennes Bishop of Cambrai, has not been ascertained.

1. HERSENDE . "Hildradus cognomento Hescelinus comes" donated property "Bolruuel" for "Hercendis uxoris mee, Richardi quoque filii mei quem ad clericatus" to Verdun Saint-Vanne by charter dated 1020, subscribed by "Albrici nepotis mei"[1291]. The precise parentage of Hersende is unknown. However, her possible relationship to Gérard Bishop of Cambrai, who was the son of Arnaud Seigneur de Florennes, is indicated by the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium which records that "Gerardus episcopus…nepte" was the wife of "Hezelino". Gérard was elected bishop in 1010 but it is unlikely that he was born much earlier than 990, bearing in mind that his mother was the daughter of Godefroi Comte de Verdun whose marriage is dated to [963]. It is therefore probable that "nepte" in Gesta should be translated as a more remote family relationship than "niece": any children of Gerard's brothers and sisters could not have been born earlier than 1005, whereas Hildrad's son Richard (presumably born from his marriage with the bishop's niece) was assigned to be a cleric at Verdun Saint-Vanne in 1020. It is possible that the bishop's relationship with Hersende was through his mother's family, the comtes de Verdun. The primary source which confirms that Hersende’s marriage to Hildrad was terminated has not been identified. Assuming that the information is correct, she may have married again after the separation. This remarriage could provide one solution to the difficulty of the parentage of Ermengarde, wife of Gozelon Comte de Montaigu, shown below as Hildrad’s possible daughter. Ermengarde’s extensive property holdings suggest that she was a sole heiress, and unlikely to have inherited all her property from the Grandpré family whose succession would have been shared between Hildrad’s sons. If that is correct, she may have been born from a later marriage of her mother and inherited most of her property from her father. If that speculation is correct, no indication has been found to identify Hersende’s second husband. m [firstly] ([1012/15], separated [1020/23]) [as his first/second wife?,] HILDRAD [Hezelin] Comte [de Grandpré], son of --- (-Galilee 11 Dec ----, bur Verdun Saint-Vanne). [m secondly ([1020/25?]) ---.]

Chapter 18. OTHER UPPER LOTHARINGIAN NOBILITY

Three brothers, parents not identified:

1. ADALBERT [Albert] . Comte. "Theodericus…Vidunensis ecclesiæ episcopum" confirmed the property of Verdun la Madeleine, including the donation of "ecclesi…Villare" by "frater meus Albertus comes", by charter dated 1047[1292].

2. THIERRY (-Apr 1088). Provost of Basel. Bishop of Verdun 1046. The Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis record the death in 1046 of “Richardus episcopus Virdunensis” and the succession of “Theodericus”[1293]. "Theodericus…Vidunensis ecclesiæ episcopum" confirmed the property of Verdun la Madeleine, including the donation of "ecclesi…Villare" by "frater meus Albertus comes", by charter dated 1047[1294]. The Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium records that “Theodericus...natura Teutonicus et Basiliensis ecclesiæ fuerat canonicus” succeeded Richard as bishop of Verdun and held office for 43 years[1295].

3. WISELO (-after 17 Oct 1052). "Richuini comitis Segintensis, Haimonis comitis…Everardi de Sorceio…Gosberti de Asperomonte…Wiselonis fratris Theoderici Virdunensis episcopi…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1052 under which Udon Bishop of Toul regulated the avouerie of the abbey of Bleurville[1296].

1. RICHER de Sancy (-before 1084). m LIUTGARDIS de Chiny, daughter of LOUIS [I] Comte de Chiny & his wife Adelais ---. The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus", recording that "Riquinus" was killed by "Heribrando Bulionensi" and buried at St Hubert[1297]. Richer & his wife had four children:

a) HUGUES (-after 1109). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus"[1298]. A bull of Pope Lucius III dated 1084 records that "Roberto milite et fratre eius Widerico atque Hugone et Ludovico et Rurico fratre eius" founded the priory "ante Sanctiacum castrum sitam" and donated it to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne[1299]. "Raimboldus miles de Mucei, Hugonis de Sancei et Er--- nobilissime filius et uxor mea Coniza" donated "allodium nostrum Bomellam…in Falmania" to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne by charter dated 1109, signed by "Guilelmi [comitis Lucem]burgensis, Godefridi comitis Namucensis, [Ottonis] comitis Chiniacensis, Rurici et filiorum eius Guilelmi et Ludovici, Roberti de Sancei…"[1300]. m ---.

b) LOUIS (-after 1084). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus"[1301]. A bull of Pope Lucius III dated 1084 records that "Roberto milite et fratre eius Widerico atque Hugone et Ludovico et Rurico fratre eius" founded the priory "ante Sanctiacum castrum sitam" and donated it to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne[1302].

c) RODERIC (-after 1109). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus"[1303]. A bull of Pope Lucius III dated 1084 records that "Roberto milite et fratre eius Widerico atque Hugone et Ludovico et Rurico fratre eius" founded the priory "ante Sanctiacum castrum sitam" and donated it to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne[1304]. "Raimboldus miles de Mucei, Hugonis de Sancei et Er--- nobilissime filius et uxor mea Coniza" donated "allodium nostrum Bomellam…in Falmania" to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne by charter dated 1109, signed by "Guilelmi [comitis Lucem]burgensis, Godefridi comitis Namucensis, [Ottonis] comitis Chiniacensis, Rurici et filiorum eius Guilelmi et Ludovici, Roberti de Sancei…"[1305]. m ---. The name of Roderic´s wife is not known. Roderic & his wife had two children:

i) GUILLAUME . "Raimboldus miles de Mucei, Hugonis de Sancei et Er--- nobilissime filius et uxor mea Coniza" donated "allodium nostrum Bomellam…in Falmania" to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne by charter dated 1109, signed by "Guilelmi [comitis Lucem]burgensis, Godefridi comitis Namucensis, [Ottonis] comitis Chiniacensis, Rurici et filiorum eius Guilelmi et Ludovici, Roberti de Sancei…"[1306].

ii) LOUIS . "Raimboldus miles de Mucei, Hugonis de Sancei et Er--- nobilissime filius et uxor mea Coniza" donated "allodium nostrum Bomellam…in Falmania" to the abbey of Saint-Hubert, Ardenne by charter dated 1109, signed by "Guilelmi [comitis Lucem]burgensis, Godefridi comitis Namucensis, [Ottonis] comitis Chiniacensis, Rurici et filiorum eius Guilelmi et Ludovici, Roberti de Sancei…"[1307].

d) RICHWIN (-killed before 1084). The Chronicon Sancti Huberti names "Liegarde amita Arnulfi comitis", her husband "Richizonis" and their four sons "Hugo et Ludovicus, Rodericus et Riquinus", recording that "Riquinus" was killed by "Heribrando Bulionensi" and buried at St Hubert[1308].

1. GERHARD (-after 1143). Graf von Bierbach. "…Gerhart comes de Berebach et frater eius Henric…" witnessed the charter dated 1143, after 27 Sep, under which Heinrich Archbishop of Mainz confirmed property of Kloster St Victor, Mainz[1309].

2. HEINRICH (-after 1143). "…Gerhart comes de Berebach et frater eius Henric…" witnessed the charter dated 1143, after 27 Sep, under which Heinrich Archbishop of Mainz confirmed property of Kloster St Victor, Mainz[1310].

1. --- von Homburg . m IDA, daughter of ---. "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea domina Ida" confirmed property in the wood of Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 11 Feb 1266[1311]. "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea Ida et…filii mei Ludovicus de Sarwerden et Philippus" confirmed property at Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1268[1312]. One child:

a) FRIEDRICH . Graf von Homburg. "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea domina Ida" confirmed property in the wood of Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 11 Feb 1266[1313]. "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea Ida et…filii mei Ludovicus de Sarwerden et Philippus" confirmed property at Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1268[1314]. m ---. The name of Friedrich´s wife is not known. Friedrich & his wife had two children:

i) LUDWIG . "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea Ida et…filii mei Ludovicus de Sarwerden et Philippus" confirmed property at Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1268[1315]. "Ludowicus et Philippus germani et comiti de Hoenberg" freed property at Kallstadt for Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1279[1316].

ii) PHILIPP . "Fridericus comes de Homberg ac…genitrix mea Ida et…filii mei Ludovicus de Sarwerden et Philippus" confirmed property at Wilenstein to Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1268[1317]. "Ludowicus et Philippus germani et comiti de Hoenberg" freed property at Kallstadt for Kloster Otterberg by charter dated 1279[1318].

ADALBERO de Dun . "...Adalberonis de Duna..." witnessed the charter dated 1075 under which Udo Archbishop of Trier confirmed the donation of property “in villa Olkebach” made to St. Simeon by “Hugo...de Hachenueles”[1319]. "...Adelberone de Dune..." witnessed the charter dated 1107 under which Bruno Archbishop of Trier founded Kloster Springirsbach[1320].

LUDO de Dun . "Herebertus de Conz et filii eius tres Fulco clericus, laici Hugo et Alexander..." witnessed the charter dated 1 Aug 1136 which records various donations to Trier St. Peter, including the donations made by “Ludo de Duno et uxor eius Helewis et filii eorum Manasses et Iohannes”[1321].

RICHARD de Dun . "Ministerialibus...Richardo de Duna…" witnessed the charter dated 1183 under which Konrad Pfalzgraf bei Rhein settled a dispute between Kloster Springierbach and Gottfried Graf von Sponheim[1322].

GUILLAUME de Dun . Seigneur de Dun. "Godefridus et Fredericus fratres comites de Vernenburgh" donated their castle and county to Johann Archbishop of Trier by charter dated 9 Aug 1187 witnessed by "Henrici comitis Palatini Reni advocatie ecclesie predicte…Walrami comitis in Spanheim, Conradi de Blankenheim et Wilhelmi domni in Duna…"[1323].

JACQUES de Dun . "Rudolfus de Malberc, Didericus de Bruch, Henricus de Dune, Fridericus de Merle, Jacobus de Dune..." witnessed the charter dated to [1191/96] under which Johann Archbishop of Trier mortgaged property to “Wernhero de Bonlanden”[1324].

HENRI de Dun . "Dominus Philippus de Wildenberch, Henricus de Duna…" subscribed the charter dated 19 Feb 1237 under which “Waleramus de Lymburch” granted “advocatiam...de Comze” to “nepos meus Willelmus comes Juliacensis”[1325].

HERBERT de Cons . "Herebertus de Conz et filii eius tres Fulco clericus, laici Hugo et Alexander..." witnessed the charter dated 1 Aug 1136 which records various donations to Trier St. Peter, including the donations made by “Ludo de Duno et uxor eius Helewis et filii eorum Manasses et Iohannes”[1326].

"...Methfridus de Numage et frater eius Eberhardus..." witnessed the charter dated 6 Jan 1157 under which Emperor Friedrich I confirmed St. Maximin abbey to Hillin Archbishop of Köln[1327]. "Chono de Malberch, Wirricus Mafredus et Henricus de Numagia…" witnessed the charter dated 1174 under which Arnold Archbishop of Trier confirmed the agreement between “Theodericus Friderici de Ponte filius” and Kloster Himmelrode concerning “ville Cordule...decima”[1328].

[1] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, pp. 193-5.

[2] Warner, D. A. (trans.) The Chronicon of Thietmar of Merseburg (2001) (Manchester University Press), 1. 23, p. 84.

[3] Longnon, A. (1885) Atlas historique de la France depuis César jusqu´à nos tours (Paris), pp. 113-5.

[4] Longnon (1885), pp. 115-6.

[5] Longnon (1885), pp. 116-8.

[6] Longnon (1885), pp. 118.

[7] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[8] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[9] Beyer, H. (ed.) (1860) Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien (Coblenz), Vol. I, (“Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I”), 338 and 339, pp. 393-4, consulted at <http:/www.rlb.de/mrHist/> (12 Dec 2007).

[10] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 19 (27), MHG SS VIII, p. 578.

[11] Gesta Treverorum 16, 1122, MGH SS VIII, p. 189. The date "1032" is included in the footnote by the editor.

[12] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 338 and 339, pp. 393-4.

[13] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 3, MGH SS XXV, p. 383.

[14] Gesta Treverorum 16, 1122, MGH SS VIII, p. 189. The date "1032" is included in the footnote by the editor.

[15] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 338 and 339, pp. 393-94.

[16] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1064, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[17] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 367, p. 424.

[18] Kupper, J. L. ‘Les origines du duché de Limbourg-sur-Vesdre’, Revue belge de philologie et d’histoire, Tome 85, fasc. 3-4 (2007), p. 626, footnote (93), [available at <https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_2007_num_85_3_5096 > (26 May 2018)], citing Wampach, H. C. (1935) Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien bis zur burgundischen Zeit, 332, p. 449, not consulted, but the charter also found in Olms, G. (1974) Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien, p. 438.

[19] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 388, p. 444.

[20] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 4, MGH SS XXV, p. 383.

[21] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1107, MGH SS XXIII, p. 816.

[22] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1064, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[23] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 3, MGH SS XXV, p. 383.

[24] Gesta Treverorum 16, 1122, MGH SS VIII, p. 189. The date "1032" is included in the footnote by the editor.

[25] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 338 and 339, pp. 393-94.

[26] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 367, p. 424.

[27] Kupper ‘Limbourg-sur-Vesdre’ (2007), p. 626, footnote (93), citing Wampach (1935), 332, p. 449, not consulted, but the charter also found in Olms (1974), p. 438.

[28] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 388, p. 444.

[29] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1064, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[30] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1064, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[31] Gesta Treverorum 16, 1122, MGH SS VIII, p. 189. The date "1032" is included in the footnote by the editor.

[32] Gesta Treverorum 16, 1122, MGH SS VIII, p. 189. The date "1032" is included in the footnote by the editor.

[33] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 3, MGH SS XXV, p. 383.

[34] Vanderkindere, A. (1902) La formation territoriale des principautés belges au moyen-âge (Brussels), Vol. II, p. 393.

[35] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[36] D O II 39, p. 49.

[37] Adnuntatio domni Karoli, MGH LL 1, p. 469.

[38] Karoli II Imp. Conventus Carisiacensis, MGH LL 1, p. 537.

[39] D LJ 12, p. 349.

[40] D Arn 89, p. 131.

[41] D Arn 188, p. 290, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[42] D Zw 5, p. 25.

[43] D LK 79, p. 217, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[44] D Zw 27, p. 65.

[45] Gade, J. A. (1951) Luxemburg in the Middle Ages (Leiden), p. 48.

[46] D LK 17, p. 120.

[47] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 153, p. 216.

[48] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 159, p. 222.

[49] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 179, p. 241.

[50] D O III 238, p. 655.

[51] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 205, p. 265.

[52] Bloch, H. ´Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters S. Vanne zu Verdun´, Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde ("Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898)"), 1898, XIV, p. 400.

[53] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[54] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 251, p. 307.

[55] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[56] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 220, p. 278.

[57] Annalista Saxo 1002.

[58] Herimanni Augiensis Chronicon 1008, MHG SS V, p. 119.

[59] Gade (1951), p. 53. This brother Adalbert is not given in .

[60] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 269, p. 325.

[61] Thietmar 8.18, p. 374.

[62] Mommsen, T. E. and Morrison, K. F. (trans.) (1962) Imperial Lives and Letters of the Eleventh Century (New York), "Wipo, On the election and consecration of Conrad II (1024)", from "The Deeds of Conrad II (Gesta Chuonradi II imperatoris)", reproduced in Hill, B. H. (1972) Medieval Monarchy in Action: The German Empire from Henry I to Henry IV (London), pp. 192-201. .

[63] Historia Episcoporum Pataviensium et Ducum Bavariæ 1026, MGH SS XXV, p. 627.

[64] Necrologium Genealogicum Ranshofense, Passau Necrologies I, p. 424.

[65] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome II, col. 56, and D K II 189, p. 251.

[66] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome II, col. 59.

[67] Calmet, A. (1748) Histoire de Lorraine (Nancy), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxviii.

[68] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 324, p. 377.

[69] Lacomblet, T. J. (ed.) (1840) Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins, Band I (Düsseldorf), 177, p. 110.

[70] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 318, p. 372.

[71] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 338, p. 393.

[72] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 352, p. 409.

[73] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 355, p. 412.

[74] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 375, p. 432.

[75] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 380, p. 437.

[76] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 392, p. 448.

[77] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 395, p. 451.

[78] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 410, p. 469.

[79] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 415, p. 475.

[80] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 375, p. 432.

[81] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 380, p. 437.

[82] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 392, p. 448.

[83] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 395, p. 451.

[84] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 415, p. 475.

[85] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 395, p. 451.

[86] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 408, p. 467.

[87] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 428, p. 490.

[88] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 431, p. 492.

[89] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 431, p. 492.

[90] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 437, p. 498.

[91] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 515, p. 571.

[92] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 543, p. 600.

[93] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 571, p. 629.

[94] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 597, p. 653.

[95] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 598, p. 655.

[96] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 603, p. 661.

[97] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 605, p. 665.

[98] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 616, p. 677.

[99] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 656, p. 712.

[100] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 6, p. 42.

[101] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 22, p. 59.

[102] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 659, p. 714.

[103] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 70, p. 112.

[104] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 84.85.II, p. 123.

[105] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 122, p. 164.

[106] Hontheim, J. N. von (1750) Historia Trevirensis Diplomatica et Pragmatica, Tome I ("Trier Diplomatica (Hontheim)"), CCCCXXXVII, p. 623.

[107] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 155, p. 197.

[108] Fahne, A. (1858) Geschichte der Grafen jetzigen Fürsten zu Salm-Reifferscheid (Köln), Band II, 12, p. 7.

[109] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 220, p. 259.

[110] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 659, p. 714.

[111] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 505, p. 354.

[112] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 220, p. 259.

[113] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 398, p. 316.

[114] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 220, p. 259.

[115] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 252, p. 292.

[116] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 236, p. 196.

[117] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 398, p. 316.

[118] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 484, p. 377.

[119] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 669, p. 507.

[120] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 84.85.II, p. 123.

[121] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 252, p. 292.

[122] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 252, p. 292.

[123] Fahne (1858), Band II, 33, 49, pp. 17, 29.

[124] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[125] Fahne (1858), Band II, 48, p. 29.

[126] Fahne (1858), Band II, 59, p. 34.

[127] Fahne (1858), Band II, 62, p. 36.

[128] Trier Diplomatica (Hontheim), Tome I, CCCCXXXVII, p. 623.

[129] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 145, p. 187.

[130] Fahne (1858), Band II, 14, p. 9.

[131] Fahne (1858), Band II, 16, p. 10.

[132] Fahne (1858), Band II, 18, p. 11.

[133] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 145, p. 187.

[134] Fahne (1858), Band II, 14, p. 9.

[135] Fahne (1858), Band II, 16, p. 10.

[136] Fahne (1858), Band II, 18, p. 11.

[137] Le Mercier de Morière, L. (1893) Catalogue des actes de Mathieu II Duc de Lorraine (Nancy), Pièces justificatives, XXVII, p. 276.

[138] Le Mercier de Morière (1893), Pièces justificatives, XLV, p. 299.

[139] Le Mercier de Morière (1893), Pièces justificatives, XXVII, p. 276.

[140] Le Mercier de Morière (1893), Pièces justificatives, XLV, p. 299.

[141] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[142] Fahne (1858), Band II, 36, p. 18.

[143] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[144] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[145] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[146] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[147] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[148] Fahne (1858), Band II, 35, p. 18.

[149] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 1277, p. 928.

[150] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 1473, p. 1065.

[151] Köln Quellen, Band II, 470, p. 508.

[152] Fahne (1858), Band II, 59, p. 34.

[153] Fahne (1858), Band II, 62, p. 36.

[154] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band II, 661, p. 389.

[155] Fahne (1858), Band II, 61, p. 35.

[156] Fahne (1858), Band II, 67, p. 39.

[157] Kremer (1781), Band III, CXXXIII, p. 150.

[158] Fahne (1858), Band II, 68, p. 40.

[159] Fahne (1858), Band II, 59, p. 34.

[160] Fahne (1858), Band II, 62, p. 36.

[161] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band II, 760, p. 449.

[162] Vannérus, J. ‘Les seigneurs de Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein, de la maison de Chiny’, Institut archéologique de Luxembourg, Annales, Tome XLII, Année 1907 (Arlon, 1907), p. 322.

[163] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band II, 891, p. 530.

[164] Fahne (1858), Band II, 97, p. 62.

[165] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 324, footnote (1).

[166] Goerz, A. (1886) Mittelrheinische Regesten, IV Theil (Coblenz), 800, p. 182.

[167] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), pp. 322-3.

[168] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), Annexes, IV, p. 337.

[169] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 322.

[170] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), Annexes, IV, p. 337.

[171] Fahne (1858), Band II, p. 78.

[172] Fahne (1858), Band II, 113, p. 74.

[173] Fahne (1858), Band II, p. 78.

[174] Fahne (1858), Band II, p. 78.

[175] Fahne (1858), Band II, 147, p. 95.

[176] Van Werveke, N. ‘Inventaire analytique des archives du château d’Ansenbourg’, Publications de la Section Historique de l’Institut G-D. de Luxembourg, Vol. XLVII (Luxembourg, 1899), 34, p. 28.

[177] Wurth-Paquet, F. X. ‘Table chronologique des chartes et diplômes...de Luxembourg’, Publications de la Section historique de l’Institut [du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, Vol. II, [XXIV], Année 1868 (Luxembourg, 1869), 300, p. 70.

[178] Wurth-Paquet ‘Chartes et diplômes...de Luxembourg’, Vol. II, [XXIV] (1868/69), 377, p. 83.

[179] Fahne (1858), Band II, 147, p. 95.

[180] Sauerland, H. V. (1905) Urkunden und Regesten zur Geschichte der Rheinlande aus dem vatikanischen Archiv (Bonn) (“Rheinlande Vatikanischen”), Band III, 785, p. 308.

[181] Wampach, Band X 1 (1955), 279, p. 433.

[182] Van Werveke ‘Ansenbourg’, Vol. XLVII (1899), 34, p. 28.

[183] Wurth-Paquet, F. X. ‘Table chronologique des chartes et diplômes...de Luxembourg’, Publications de la Section historique de l’Institut [du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, Vol. II, [XXIV], Année 1868 (Luxembourg, 1869), 300, p. 70.

[184] Wurth-Paquet ‘Chartes et diplômes...de Luxembourg’, Vol. II, [XXIV] (1868/69), 324, p. 73.

[185] Van Werveke ‘Ansenbourg’, Vol. XLVII (1899), 39, p. 34.

[186] ES VII 158.

[187] Fahne (1858), Band II, 125, p. 80.

[188] Fahne (1858), Band II, 97, p. 62.

[189] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band III, 19, p. 13.

[190] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[191] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 105, p. 109.

[192] Codex Laureshamensis (1768), Tome I, XL, p. 77.

[193] Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 374.

[194] D Arn 33, p. 49.

[195] Worms Codex (1734) Tome II, X, p. 10.

[196] D Zw 3, p. 20.

[197] Codex Laureshamensis (1768), Tome I, LIX, p. 107.

[198] Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 385.

[199] ES I.2 200.

[200] Worms Codex (1734) Tome II, X, p. 10.

[201] D Arn 154, p. 234.

[202] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 134, p. 141.

[203] D Zw 13, 39.

[204] Reginonis Chronicon 897, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[205] Reginonis Chronicon 898, MGH SS I, p. 608.

[206] Reginonis Chronicon 899, MGH SS I, p. 601.

[207] D´Herbomez, A. (ed.) (1898) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Gorze, Mettensia II (Paris) ("Gorze"), 114, p. 207.

[208] D O II 280, p. 325.

[209] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxliii.

[210] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 270, p. 326.

[211] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 273, p. 328.

[212] Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium, 35, MGH SS VIII, p. 642.

[213] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlviii, and Lesort, A. (1909) Chronique et chartes de l'abbaye de Saint-Mihiel, Mettensia 27 (Paris), n^o. 39, p. 153, quoted in Poull, G. (1994) La Maison souveraine et ducale de Bar (Nancy), p. 20, and n^o. 43 and 44, pp. 166-71, cited in Poull (1994), p. 76.

[214] Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 982.

[215] ES XVIII 152.

[216] Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 982.

[217] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxvi.

[218] Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 982.

[219] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxvi.

[220] Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 982.

[221] Fundatio Ecclesiæ Sancti Georgii Lunarensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 982.

[222] D H IV 396, p. 524 (marked Verunechtet? in the compilation).

[223] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[224] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[225] Speyer Urkundenbuch 83, p. 91.

[226] Speyer Urkundenbuch 93, p. 103.

[227] Baumann, F. L., Meyer von Knonau, G. & Kiem, M. (eds.) (1883) Die ältesten Urkunden von allerheiligen in Schaffhausen, Rheinau und Muri (Basel) ("Schaffhausen, Rheinau und Muri:") Acta Murensia, I. p. 3.

[228] Speyer Urkundenbuch 83, p. 91.

[229] Speyer Urkundenbuch 83, p. 91.

[230] ES XVIII 154, extinct in the male line in 1449.

[231] François, J. & Tabouillet, N. (1781) Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz, p. 134.

[232] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[233] For example in Brandenburg, E. (1935) Die Nachkommen Karls des Grossen, p. 44.

[234] Origines Guelficæ, Vol. III, pp. 181.

[235] Jordan, K., trans. Falla, P. S. (1986) Henry the Lion: a Biography (Clarendon Press, Oxford), p. 256.

[236] Beyer, H., Eltester, L. & Goerz, A. (eds.) (1865) Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien (Coblenz), Vol. II, (“Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch II”), 19, p. 56.

[237] Documenta Monasteriorum Wirtembergico (1720), p. 147.

[238] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[239] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[240] Speyer Urkundenbuch 93, p. 103.

[241] Gorze 187, p. 320.

[242] Worms Codex (1734) Tome II, LXXXV, p. 78.

[243] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, LXXXVII, p. 698.

[244] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 134.

[245] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch II, 19, p. 56.

[246] Gorze 187, p. 320.

[247] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, LXXXVII, p. 698.

[248] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 134.

[249] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch II, 283, p. 318.

[250] Kremer, J. M. (1785) Genealogische Geschichte des altern ardennischen Geschlechts, Codex Diplomaticus (Frankfurt) ("Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex"), VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVIII, p. 312.

[251] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch II, 283, p. 318.

[252] Eltester, L. & Goerz, A. (eds.) (1874) Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien (Coblenz), Vol. III, ("Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III"), 462, p. 362.

[253] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 462, p. 362.

[254] Günther, W. (1823) Codex Diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus (Coblenz) Theil II, 105, p. 200.

[255] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 943, p. 706.

[256] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil II, 174, p. 282.

[257] Becker, W. (ed.) (1881) Das Necrologium der vormaligen Prämonstratenser-Abtei Arnstein an der Lahn, Annalen des Vereins Nassauische Alterthumskunde und Geschichtsforschung, Band XVI (Wiesbaden) ("Arnstein an der Lahn Necrologium"), p. 150.

[258] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 462, p. 362.

[259] Marichal, P. (ed.) (1903-05) Cartulaire de l´évêché de Metz, Mettensia IV (Paris) ("Metz Evêché"), 163, p. 362.

[260] Poull, G. (1991) La Maison ducale de Lorraine (Presses universitaires de Nancy), p. 56.

[261] Le Mercier de Morière (1893), Pièces justificatives, XXVIII, p. 276.

[262] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 726, p. 547.

[263] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 609, p. 466.

[264] Richeri Gesta Senoniensis Ecclesiæ IV, 31, MGH SS XXV, p. 318.

[265] Albrecht, K. (1891) Rappoltsteinisches Urkundenbuch (Colmar), Band I, 113, p. 103.

[266] Alsatia Diplomatica, Tome II, DCXCVI, p. 6.

[267] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil II, 105, p. 200.

[268] Grüsner, J. A. (1775) Diplomatische Beyträge (Frankfurt, Hanau, Leipzig), Vol. II, p. 55.

[269] Goerz, A. (1881) Mittelrheinische Regesten, III Theil (Coblenz), 2282, p. 516.

[270] Wenck, H. B. (1783) Hessische Landesgeschichte mit einem Urkundenbuch, Band I Katzenelnbogisches Urkundenbuch (Darmstadt) ("Katzenelnbogisches Urkundenbuch"), CI, p. 67.

[271] Katzenelnbogisches Urkundenbuch, CXXX, p. 84.

[272] Grüsner (1775), Vol. II, p. 55.

[273] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 609, p. 466.

[274] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. III, 943, p. 706.

[275] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil II, 178.9, p. 289.

[276] Grüsner (1775), Vol. II, p. 55.

[277] Wigand, P. (1834) Archiv für Geschichte und Alterthumskunde Westphalens (Lemgo), Band VI, Diplomatische Beiträge zu einer Geschichte der Grafen von Arnsberg und Rietberg, XXXI, p. 216.

[278] Staatsarchiv Münster (ed.) (1908) Westfälisches Urkundenbuch, Band VII (Münster) (“Westfälisches Urkundenburch Band VII (1908)”), 603, p. 268.

[279] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil II, 178.8, p. 289.

[280] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band II, 369, p. 196.

[281] Monumenta Germaniæ Historica, Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum, Nova Series, Tome VI (Berlin, 1929), Chronica Comitum de Marka, p. 38.

[282] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil II, 178.8, p. 289.

[283] Westfälisches Urkundenburch, Band VII (1908), 1130, p. 513.

[284] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 134.

[285] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1170, MGH SS XXIII, p. 853.

[286] Urkundenbuch Strassburg, Band I, 192, p. 154.

[287] Urkundenbuch Strassburg, Band I, 192, p. 154.

[288] Calmet (1728), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccccxl.

[289] ES XVIII 153.

[290] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium Continuatio, 5, MGH SS VIII, p. 519.

[291] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 527.

[292] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1187, MGH SS XXIII, p. 861.

[293] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber III, 42, MGH SS XXV, p. 111.

[294] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 377.

[295] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[296] Settipani, C. and Kerrebrouck, P. van (1993) La préhistoire des Capétiens 481-987, 1ère partie, Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq), p. 326 footnote 317.

[297] Duvivier, C. (1903) Actes et documents anciens interéssant la Belgique, Nouvelle série (Brussels), 1, p. 1.

[298] Le Long, N. (1783) Histoire ecclésiastique et civile du diocèse de Laon (Chalon), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[299] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[300] Revue de Champagne et de Brie (1880), pp. 9 and 340 note 4, citing Bibliothèque de l´école des Hautes-Etudes, XIe fasc, p. 123 [information provided by Bert M. Kamp in a private email to the author dated 16 Oct 2011].

[301] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 427, citing Histoire de Metz III, 43.

[302] Flodoardi Annales 920, MGH SS III, pp. 369-70 and 374, and Flodoardus Remensis Historia Remensis Ecclesiæ IV, XVI, MGH SS XXXVI, p. 408.

[303] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 159, p. 222.

[304] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[305] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[306] Duvivier (1903), 1, p. 1.

[307] Genealogiæ Comitum Flandriæ, Witgeri Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis MGH SS IX, p. 303.

[308] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[309] Revue de Champagne et de Brie (1880), pp. 9 and 340 note 4, citing Bibliothèque de l´école des Hautes-Etudes, XIe fasc, p. 123 [information provided by Bert M. Kamp in a private email to the author dated 16 Oct 2011].

[310] Duvivier (1903), 1, p. 1.

[311] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[312] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[313] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[314] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[315] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[316] Revue de Champagne et de Brie (1880), pp. 9 and 340 note 4, citing Bibliothèque de l´école des Hautes-Etudes, XIe fasc, p. 123 [information provided by Bert M. Kamp in a private email to the author dated 16 Oct 2011].

[317] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[318] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 593.

[319] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[320] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, pp. 48-9.

[321] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[322] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 6, MGH SS IV, p. 47.

[323] D F I 149, p. 251.

[324] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVI, p. 426.

[325] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXIX, p. 430.

[326] D H II 96, p. 120.

[327] Necrology of Arras St Vaast, p. 10.

[328] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 426.

[329] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[330] Gorze 69, p. 125.

[331] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 427, citing Histoire de Metz III, 43.

[332] Reginonis Chronicon 883, MGH SS I, p. 594.

[333] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 105, p. 109.

[334] Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 374.

[335] D Arn 33, p. 49.

[336] D Zw 3, p. 20.

[337] Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 385.

[338] Settipani (1993), p. 326 footnote 317.

[339] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 427, citing Histoire de Metz III, 43.

[340] Flodoardi Annales 920, MGH SS III, pp. 369-70 and 374, and Flodoardus Remensis Historia Remensis Ecclesiæ IV, XVI, MGH SS XXXVI, p. 408.

[341] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 159, p. 222.

[342] Cartulaire de Saint-Mihiel, cited in Grosdidier de Matons, M. ´Le Comté de Bar des Origines au Traité de Bruges (vers 950-1301)´, Annuaire de la Société d´Histoire et d´Archéologie de la Lorraine, Tome XXX (Bar-le-Duc, 1921), p. 78.

[343] Cartulaire de Saint-Mihiel, cited in Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 78.

[344] Schoepflin, J. D. (1772) Alsatia Diplomatica Tome I (Mannheim), DCLXXX, p. 477.

[345] Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 77.

[346] Gallia Christiana XIII, p. 462, quoted in Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 77.

[347] Dom Luc d'Achéry Spicilège, ed. 1657, Chronique de Saint Pierre le Vif de Sens, Vol. II, pp. 740-1, cited in Poull (1994), p. 70.

[348] D H II 147, p. 175.

[349] Gallia Christiana XIII, p. 462, quoted in Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 77.

[350] D K II 117, p. 162.

[351] Gallia Christiana XIII, p. 462, quoted in Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 77.

[352] D H II 147, p. 175.

[353] Gallia Christiana XIII, p. 462, quoted in Grosdidier de Matons, M. ´Le Comté de Bar des Origines au Traité de Bruges (vers 950-1301)´, Annuaire de la Société d´Histoire et d´Archéologie de la Lorraine, Tome XXX (Bar-le-Duc, 1921), p. 77.

[354] D K II 117, p. 162.

[355] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxii.

[356] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[357] Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium 39, MGH SS VIII, p. 644.

[358] Picard, B. (1707) Histoire ecclésiastique et politique de la ville et du diocèse de Toul, pp. 381-2, cited in Poull (1994), p. 70.

[359] Gallia Christiana XIII, p. 462, quoted in Grosdidier de Matons (1921), p. 77.

[360] ES I.2 226.

[361] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 310, p. 365.

[362] D H IV 127, p. 165.

[363] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 428.

[364] Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium, 39, MGH SS VIII, p. 644.

[365] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[366] Gesta Episcoporum Tullensium, 44, MGH SS VIII, p. 646.

[367] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 459.

[368] Chronicon Mediani Monasterii 6, MGH SS IV, p. 89.

[369] Chronicon Mediani Monasterii 6, MGH SS IV, p. 89.

[370] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 461.

[371] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 438.

[372] D Arn 89, p. 131.

[373] D Arn 188, p. 290, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[374] D Zw 5, p. 25.

[375] D LK 79, p. 217, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[376] Ex Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, MGH SS XXIV, p. 530.

[377] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cciii.

[378] Ex Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, MGH SS XXIV, p. 530.

[379] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cxcvi-cxcviii.

[380] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccvii.

[381] Ex Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, MGH SS XXIV, p. 530.

[382] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cxcvi-cxcviii.

[383] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccvii.

[384] Flodoard 962, MGH SS III, p. 406.

[385] Annales Remenses, MGH SS XIII, p. 82.

[386] Varin, P. (1844) Archives législatives de la ville de Reims (Paris) Seconde Partie, Statuts, Vol. I, p. 98.

[387] Ex Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, MGH SS XXIV, p. 530.

[388] François, J. & Tabouillet, N. (1781) Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz, p. 70.

[389] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 70.

[390] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 70.

[391] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes V, 17, p. 5.

[392] Gorze 108, p. 198.

[393] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxi.

[394] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 268.

[395] Gorze 116, p. 211.

[396] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 70.

[397] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes V, 17, p. 5.

[398] D K II 113, p. 158.

[399] Constantini Vita Adelberonis II , MGH SS IV, p. 665.

[400] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 462.

[401] Bibl. de Carpentras MS 1784 fo 521 r, cited in Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 105, and Revue Mabillon XIX 1929, p. 52 footnote 1.

[402] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxcv.

[403] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[404] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxliv.

[405] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlv.

[406] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XIX 1929, p. 52.

[407] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlv.

[408] Goffinet, H. (1879) Cartulaire de l’abbaye d’Orval (Brussels) (“Orval”), I, p. 1.

[409] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[410] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[411] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxliv.

[412] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlv.

[413] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 192.

[414] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxliv.

[415] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlv.

[416] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxlv.

[417] Gorze 151, pp. 264, 269.

[418] Calmet (1728), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccciii.

[419] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccv.

[420] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[421] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccv.

[422] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[423] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccv.

[424] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[425] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[426] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[427] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[428] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccxii.

[429] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[430] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccxii.

[431] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[432] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[433] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[434] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[435] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[436] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[437] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[438] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccvii.

[439] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccix.

[440] ES VII 4.

[441] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccxii.

[442] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccxii.

[443] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 378.

[444] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[445] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, pp. 386-7.

[446] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 386, citing “Archiv, XI, 211-215 ; cf. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen, II⁴, 402”.

[447] Revue de Champagne et de Brie (1880), pp. 9 and 340 note 4, citing Bibliothèque de l´école des Hautes-Etudes, XIe fasc, p. 123 [information provided by Bert M. Kamp in a private email to the author dated 16 Oct 2011].

[448] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[449] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[450] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 595.

[451] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[452] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[453] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[454] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[455] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[456] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[457] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 595.

[458] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 594.

[459] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 595.

[460] Le Long (1783), Pièces Justificatives, I, Chronique d´Alard de Gennilule abbé de Signy, p. 595.

[461] Mabillon, J. (1739) Annales ordinis S. Benedicti, Tome IV, IX, p. 633.

[462] Barthélemy, A. de ‘Notice historique sur la maison de Grandpré’, Revue de Champagne et de Brie (1879), Tome 8, p. 346-50.

[463] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVI, p. 426.

[464] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVII, p. 427.

[465] Orval, I, p. 1.

[466] D H III 53, p. 68.

[467] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et Divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.9, MGH SS VIII, p. 376.

[468] Bloch, H. (ed.) ´Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters S. Vanne zu Verdun´, Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, 14th year, 1901 (“Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902)”), Necrology, p. 148.

[469] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVII, p. 427.

[470] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium, Lib. III, 33, MGH SS VII, Lib. 479.

[471] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVII, p. 427.

[472] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 10, MGH SS IV, p. 51.

[473] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[474] D H III 53, p. 68.

[475] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et Divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.9, MGH SS VIII, p. 376.

[476] Das Nekrolog des Klosters S Vanne, Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, 14th year 1902 ("Necrology Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902)"), p. 147.

[477] Kurth, G. (1903) Chartes de l’abbaye de Saint-Hubert en Ardenne (Bruxelles) (“Ardenne Saint-Hubert”), Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[478] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[479] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[480] Kupper, J. L. ‘La donation de la comtesse Ermengarde à l’église de Liège (1078)’, Bulletin de la Commission royale d’histoire, Académie royale de Belgique, Tome 179 (2013), p. 12.

[481] Varin (1844) Statuts, Vol. I, p. 82.

[482] D H III 53, p. 68.

[483] Roland ‘Les seigneurs et comtes de Rochefort’ (1893), p. 89.

[484] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[485] Roland ‘Les seigneurs et comtes de Rochefort’ (1893), p. 89.

[486] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 167.

[487] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 10, footnote 29.

[488] See the map at Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 29.

[489] Liège Saint-Lambert, Tome I, XXVI, p. 38.

[490] Foppens, J. F. (1748) Diplomatum Belgicorum nova collectio, sive supplementum ad opera diplomatica Auberti Miræi (Brussels), Tome IV, Pars IV, V, p. 505.

[491] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 22.

[492] Poncelet, E. (1911) Inventaire analytique des chartes de la collégiale Sainte-Croix à Liège (Brussels), 7, p. 6, and 17, p. 13.

[493] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), Annexe IV, p. 42.

[494] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 167, quoting Le Glay, A. J. G. (1849) Glossaire topographique de l’ancien Cambrésis (Cambrai), p. 20.

[495] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 15, footnote 44, quoting Obituaire de la collégiale de Fosses, Archives de l’Etat de Namur, Archives ecclésiastiques, Chapitre de Fosses, p. 144 n. 119.

[496] Bloch, H. (ed.) ´Die älteren Urkunden des Klosters S. Vanne zu Verdun´, Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, 14th year, 1901 (“Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902)”), Necrology, p. 137.

[497] Reiffenberg, Baron de (1844) Monuments pour servir à l’histoire des provinces de Namur, de Hainaut et de Luxembourg (Bruxelles), Tome I, Chartrier de Namur, I, p. 125.

[498] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 9, quoting Balau, S. (1903) Les sources de l’histoire de Liège au moyen âge. Etude critique (Bruxelles), pp. 237-8.

[499] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 9, quoting Lambot, C. ‘Les membres du chapitre de Fosses dans le dernier quart du Xie siècle’, Annales de la Société archéologique de Namur, Tome 47 (1953-54), pp. 421-38, reprinted in Revue bénédictine, Tome 79 (1969), pp. 288-303, at 290, 295-99.

[500] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), pp. 15-16, and Annexe VI, p. 47.

[501] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 141.

[502] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 19, footnote 67, and p. 23.

[503] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVII, p. 427.

[504] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 338.

[505] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[506] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 199, p. 259.

[507] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), VI, p. 384.

[508] Annales Bertiniani 865.

[509] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), Appendice Kalendarium S. Mariæ Virdunensis, p. 312.

[510] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 229.

[511] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), VI, p. 384.

[512] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 271.

[513] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), VI, p. 384.

[514] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 340.

[515] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[516] D O I 80, p. 159.

[517] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[518] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[519] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[520] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 368.

[521] D H II 340, p. 431.

[522] D O II 280, p. 325.

[523] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[524] Gorze 107, p. 196.

[525] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 341, citing Histoire de Metz III, pr. 74.

[526] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[527] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 341, citing Histoire de Metz III, pr. 68.

[528] Gorze 107, p. 196.

[529] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[530] Gorze 108, p. 198.

[531] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[532] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[533] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch 1, 251, p. 307.

[534] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[535] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 268.

[536] Gorze 108, p. 198.

[537] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 343, citing Lelong Histoire du diocese de Laon, p. 163.

[538] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 343.

[539] Ex Miraculis S. Hucberti 20, MGH SS XV.2, p. 912. .

[540] Gesta Episcorum Cameracensium I.96, MGH SS VII, p. 439.

[541] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[542] Lot, F. (1891) Les derniers Carolingiens, Lothaire, Louis V, Charles de Lorraine (Paris), p. 65, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[543] Historia Monasterii Mosomensis, 1.6 and 1.7, MGH SS XIV pp. 604 and 605.

[544] MGH SS XIV, p. 605 footnote 1.

[545] Historia Monasterii Mosomensis, 2.1, MGH SS XIV p. 609.

[546] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 344.

[547] Havet, J. (ed.) (1889) Lettres de Gerbert 983-997 (Paris) ("Gerbert") 94, p. 86.

[548] Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[549] Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[550] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[551] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 338.

[552] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 346.

[553] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[554] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[555] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 146.

[556] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXXVI, p. 442.

[557] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXXVII, p. 443.

[558] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[559] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 135.

[560] ES VII 42.

[561] Veterum Scriptorum I, col. 472.

[562] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[563] Veterum Scriptorum I, col. 472.

[564] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XXII, p. 23.

[565] Foppens (1748), Tome IV, Pars IV, III, p. 504.

[566] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[567] Veterum Scriptorum I, col. 472.

[568] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XXII, p. 23.

[569] Hanquet, K. (ed.) (1906) La chronique de Saint-Hubert dite Cantatorium (Brussels), 15, p. 33.

[570] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), LIV, p. 77.

[571] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1068, MGH SS XXIII, p. 796.

[572] Foppens (1748), Tome IV, Pars IV, III, p. 504.

[573] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XXVII, p. 30.

[574] Evrard, M. (ed.) ´Documents relatifs à l´abbaye de Flône´, Analectes pour servir à l´histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome XXIII (Louvain, 1892) ("Flône"), I, p. 282.

[575] Jeantin, M. (1851) Les Chroniques de l´Ardenne et des Woëpvres, Tome I (Paris, Nancy), p. 155, and Orval, II, p. 3.

[576] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 98 (129), MGH SS VIII, p. 629.

[577] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1063, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[578] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[579] Veterum Scriptorum I, col. 472.

[580] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XXII, p. 23.

[581] Foppens (1748), Tome IV, Pars IV, III, p. 504.

[582] Chronique de Saint-Hubert, 16, p. 37.

[583] ES VII 42.

[584] ES VII 42.

[585] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[586] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 155.

[587] Orval, III, p. 6.

[588] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 98 (129), MGH SS VIII, p. 629.

[589] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1131, MGH SS XXIII, p. 830.

[590] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 155.

[591] Orval, III, p. 6.

[592] Rodulfi, Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium XII.14, MGH SS X, p. 311.

[593] Rodulfi, Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium XII.14, MGH SS X, p. 311.

[594] Goffinet, H. ‘Sur Albéron II Evêque de Liège’, Bulletin de l’Institut archéologique Liègeois, Tome XI (Liège, 1872), p. 8, quoting Revue Catholique (1858), p. 408.

[595] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[596] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[597] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[598] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 155.

[599] Orval, III, p. 6.

[600] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[601] Continuatio Gemblacensis Sigeberti Chronica 1136, MGH SS VI, p. 385.

[602] Patrologia Latina, Vol. 189, XIII, col. 1477.

[603] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber III, 25, MGH SS XXV, p. 100.

[604] Continuatio Gemblacensis Sigeberti Chronica 1140, MGH SS VI, p. 387.

[605] Continuatio Gemblacensis Sigeberti Chronica 1145, MGH SS VI, p. 389.

[606] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber III, 29, MGH SS XXV, p. 101.

[607] Patrologia Latina, Vol. 189, XIII, col. 1477.

[608] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 155.

[609] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 66 (78), MGH SS VIII, p. 601.

[610] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[611] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. I, p. 299.

[612] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXIII, p. 317.

[613] ES VII 42.

[614] ES VII 42.

[615] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[616] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[617] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[618] ES VII 42.

[619] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, 29, MGH SS VIII, p. 508.

[620] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium Continuatio, 2, MGH SS VIII, p. 517.

[621] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 18, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[622] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1131, MGH SS XXIII, p. 830.

[623] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 155.

[624] Orval, III, p. 6.

[625] Orval, XX, p. 32.

[626] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1226, MGH SS XXIII, p. 918.

[627] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 237.

[628] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1170, MGH SS XXIII, p. 853.

[629] Orval, XX, p. 32.

[630] Orval, XXVIII, p. 42.

[631] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXVII, p. 150.

[632] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[633] Orval, XX, p. 32.

[634] Orval, XXII, p. 34.

[635] Orval, XXVIII, p. 42.

[636] Orval, XXIX, p. 44.

[637] Orval, XL, p. 68.

[638] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXVII, p. 150.

[639] Orval, LVIII, p. 94.

[640] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 234.

[641] Orval, XXIX, p. 44.

[642] Orval, XL, p. 68.

[643] Orval, LVIII, p. 94.

[644] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes I, 410, p. 172.

[645] Orval, LXXVI, p. 115.

[646] Orval, LXXIX, p. 117.

[647] Orval, XCV, p. 134.

[648] Orval, XCVI, p. 135.

[649] Orval, CIX, p. 149.

[650] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 234.

[651] Orval, LVIII, p. 94.

[652] Orval, LXXVI, p. 115.

[653] Orval, LXXIX, p. 117.

[654] Orval, XCII, p. 131.

[655] Orval, LXXIX, p. 117.

[656] Orval, XCIII, p. 133.

[657] Orval, CII, p. 141.

[658] Orval, CVII, p. 146.

[659] Orval, CIX, p. 149.

[660] Orval, CXXIV, p. 166.

[661] Bormans, S. (ed.) (1875) Cartulaire de la commune de Couvin (Namur) ("Couvin"), 2, p. 6.

[662] Orval, CXLIV, p. 183.

[663] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1226, MGH SS XXIII, p. 918.

[664] Orval, CXLIX, p. 189.

[665] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 238.

[666] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, pp. 560-1.

[667] Orval, CXXIV, p. 166.

[668] Orval, CXLIX, p. 189.

[669] Duvivier, C. A. (1894) La querelle des d’Avesnes et des Dampierre jusqu’à la mort de Jean d’Avesnes (Paris), Tome II, Preuves, XLI-XLII, pp. 61-4.

[670] Orval, CCXV, p. 247.

[671] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 239.

[672] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[673] Orval, CXXIV, p. 166.

[674] Orval, CXLIX, p. 189.

[675] Duvivier, C. A. (1894) La querelle des d’Avesnes et des Dampierre jusqu’à la mort de Jean d’Avesnes (Paris), Tome II, Preuves, XLI-XLII, pp. 61-4.

[676] Jeantin (1851), Tome I, p. 264.

[677] Ernst, S. P. (1847) Histoire de Limbourg, Tome VI (Liège), CCCXXVI, 47, p. 435.

[678] Analectes pour servir à l’histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome III (Louvain, Brussels, 1866), p. 224.

[679] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[680] Orval, CXXIV, p. 166.

[681] Saige, G., Lacaille, H. and Labande, L. H. (1902) Trésor des chartes du comté de Rethel (Monaco) (“Chartes Rethel”), Tome I, LXXI, p. 108.

[682] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[683] Orval, CCCXIV, p. 336.

[684] Le Marquis de Trazegnies, in an email to the author dated 9 Jun 2019.

[685] Thierry d’Orjo in emails to the author dated 12 & 16 Jun 2019, citing Gueillot, O. (2003) Dictionnaire de l’Arrondissement de Vouziers, Tome VII, p. 93.

[686] Thierry d’Orjo in emails to the author dated 12 and 16 Jun 2019, citing Robert, G. (1935) Documents relatifs au comté de Porcien (Monaco, Paris), pp. 356-7.

[687] Thierry d’Orjo in emails to the author dated 12 and 16 Jun 2019.

[688] Orval, CCCXXIX, p. 352.

[689] Massonnet, J. ‘Histoire de Chassepierre’, Annales de l’Institut archéologique de Luxembourg, Tome 83 (1953), p. 360.

[690] Trazegnies (2018) Otton III (IV), p. 26, footnote 44, no citation reference.

[691] Goffinet, H. (1879) Cartulaire de l’abbaye d’Orval (Brussels) (“Orval”), LXXXVI, p. 123.

[692] Berlière ‘Seigneurs de Walcourt’ (1893), p. 42, citing “Cartulaire de Saint-Foillan, aux archives du royaume [de Belgique], du XIII siècle: Cartul. et Manuscrits, no. 115a, pp. 225-6”.

[693] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[694] Orval, XXVIII, p. 42.

[695] Orval, XXIX, p. 44.

[696] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXXXII, p. 176.

[697] Orval, LVIII, p. 94.

[698] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[699] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 305.

[700] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[701] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[702] Gachard, M. ‘Notice d’une Collection de documents concernant le comté de Chiny qui est conservée dans les Archives départementales de la Moselle, à Metz’, Compte rendu des séances de la Commission Royale d’Histoire ou Recueil de ses Bulletins, Series 3, Tome 10 (Brussels, 1869), p. 105.

[703] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 307.

[704] Gachard ‘Chiny’ (1869), p. 105.

[705] Chartes Rethel, Tome I, LXV, p. 101.

[706] Orval, CXCV, p. 229.

[707] Orval, CCXXXIII, p. 262.

[708] Chartes Rethel, Tome I, LXXXV, p. 138.

[709] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 309, citing Revue historique des Ardennes, I, p. 279 [not yet consulted].

[710] Chartes Rethel, Tome I, CLXXX, p. 298.

[711] Chartes Rethel, Tome I, LXV, p. 101.

[712] Orval, CXCV, p. 229.

[713] ES VII 42.

[714] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 309, citing Revue historique des Ardennes, I, p. 279 [not yet consulted].

[715] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 310.

[716] Vannérus ‘Mellier, Neufchâteau et Falkenstein’ (1907), p. 310.

[717] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[718] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XVIII, p. 19.

[719] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[720] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 527.

[721] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium Continuatio, 3, 5, MGH SS VIII, p. 517.

[722] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 527.

[723] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[724] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1187, MGH SS XXIII, p. 861.

[725] Barbier, J. (ed.) ´Obituaire de l´abbaye de Brogne ou de Saint-Gérard´, Analectes pour servir à l´histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, Tome XVIII (2e série, Tome II) (Louvain, 1882) ("Brogne Necrology"), p. 334.

[726] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[727] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[728] Orval, XXIX, p. 44.

[729] Annales Mosomagenses, MGH SS III, p. 162.

[730] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[731] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 3, MGH SS IV, p. 46.

[732] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 263.

[733] Necrology Verdun Saint-Vanne, p. 145.

[734] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[735] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxlii.

[736] Thietmar 4.39, p. 179.

[737] Thietmar 6.86, p. 294, footnote 147 citing Thietmar MGH SrG n.s. IX, p. 378 footnote 1 ("Godila's second husband was Hermann [II] Graf von Werle").

[738] Thietmar, p. 294, footnote 147 citing Thietmar MGH SrG n.s. IX, p. 378 footnote 1 ("Godila's second husband was Hermann [II] Graf von Werle").

[739] Thietmar 6.86, p. 294.

[740] Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis 9, MGH SS XI, p. 285.

[741] Wegener, W. (1965/67) Genealogischen Tafeln zur mitteleuropäischen Geschichte (Verlag Degener), p. 73, which does not cite the primary source.

[742] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[743] D H II 340, p. 431.

[744] Hugonis Chronicon II, 9, MGH SS VIII, p. 376.

[745] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 140.

[746] Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis 9, MGH SS XI, p. 285.

[747] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 135.

[748] Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis 9, MGH SS XI, p. 285.

[749] Wegener (1965/67), p. 73, which does not cite the primary source.

[750] Orval, I, p. 1.

[751] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[752] Vannérus, J. ‘La première dynastie luxembourgeoise. A propos de l’étude de Heinz Renn, Das erste Luxemburger Grafenhaus (963-1136)’, Revue belge de philologie et d’histoire, Tome 25, fasc. 3-4 (1946), p. 827, footnote (2), and p. 828 (continuation of the same footnote). Available at <https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1946_num_25_3_1764> (23 Nov 2021).

[753] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[754] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Parlons encore d'Etiennette', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Oxford), p. 4.

[755] Vannérus ‘La première dynastie luxembourgeoise’ (1946), p. 836, citing Schaudel, L. (1921) Les Comtes de Salm et l’Abbaye de Senones (Nancy), pp. 15-21.

[756] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[757] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[758] Vannérus ‘La première dynastie luxembourgeoise’ (1946), p. 836, citing Schaudel, L. (1921) Les Comtes de Salm et l’Abbaye de Senones (Nancy), pp. 15-21.

[759] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[760] Vannérus ‘La première dynastie luxembourgeoise’ (1946), pp. 835-8.

[761] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 402.

[762] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[763] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 403.

[764] Ex Sigehardi Miraculis S. Maximini 8, MGH SS IV, p. 231.

[765] D Arn 10, p. 18.

[766] D Arn 58, p. 82.

[767] Reginonis Chronicon 892, MGH SS I, pp. 604 and 605.

[768] Annales Einsidlenses 991, MGH SS III, p. 144.

[769] Wolfhardi, Miraculi Sanctæ Waldburgis III.5, MGH SS XV.I, p. 549.

[770] D LK 20, p. 125.

[771] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 151, p. 115.

[772] Niederrheinisches Urkundenbuch IV.1, 604, p. 761.

[773] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch 213, p. 272.

[774] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil I, 17, p. 67.

[775] Gorze 114, p. 207.

[776] D O III 364, p. 793.

[777] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 131, p. 82.

[778] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 137, p. 85.

[779] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 138, p. 86.

[780] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 144, p. 88.

[781] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 332, p. 385.

[782] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 146, p. 90.

[783] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 138, p. 86.

[784] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band I, 153, p. 94.

[785] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[786] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 417.

[787] Catalogus abbatem Epternacensium MGH SS XXIII, p. 31 and MGH SS XIII, pp. 739 and 741.

[788] D LJ 17, p. 356.

[789] D Karl 97, p. 157.

[790] Hlawitschka, E. (ed.) (1970) Liber Memorialis de Remiremont (Berlin, MGH), quoted in Hlawitschka, E. (1969) Die Anfänge des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen, Genealogische Untersuchungen zur Geschichte Lothringens und des Reiches im 9. 10 and 11 Jahrhundert (Saarbrücken), p. 72.

[791] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 168.

[792] D Arn 89, p. 131.

[793] D Arn 188, p. 290, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[794] D Zw 5, p. 25.

[795] Reginonis Chronicon 896, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[796] Reginonis Chronicon 897, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[797] Reginonis Chronicon 900, MGH SS I, p. 609.

[798] D LK 79, p. 217, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[799] Reimer, H. (ed.) (1891) Hessisches Urkundenbuch, Zweiter Abteilung, Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herren von Hanau und der ehemaligen Provinz Hanau (Leipzig), Band I (“Urkundenbuch Herren Hanau (1891), Band I”), 35, p. 18.

[800] Reginonis Chronicon 896, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[801] D LK 79, p. 217, marked "unecht" in the compilation.

[802] Urkundenbuch Herren Hanau (1891), Band I, 35, p. 18.

[803] Depoin, J. ‘Les relations de famille au moyen-âge’, Mémoires de la Société Historique et Archéologique de l’arrondissement de Pontoise et du Vexin, Tome XXXII (1913), pp. 60-2.

[804] Cawley, C. ‘Was my Aunt her Grandmother’s Niece? A Guide to Relationship Terms in Medieval Latin’, Foundations, Vol. 7 (2015), pp. 25-53, available at <http://fmg.ac/publications/journal/vol-7a/400-fnd7-01b> (31 Jan 2017).

[805] Birth date range estimated on the basis of his known career.

[806] De Rebus Treverensibus sæculi VIII-X Libellus 14, MGH SS XIV, p. 104.

[807] Reginonis Chronicon 897, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[808] Reginonis Chronicon 900, MGH SS I, p. 609.

[809] Reginonis Chronicon 906, MGH SS I, p. 611.

[810] Annales Laubecenses 910, MGH SS I, p. 55.

[811] Speculative birth date suggested by Jackman, D. C. (1997) Criticism and Critique, sidelights on the Konradiner (Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research), p. 88, apparently to fit with his theory about Oda's supposed third marriage.

[812] Reginonis Chronicon 900, MGH SS I, p. 609.

[813] D O I 216, p. 299.

[814] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Tome IV, 604, p. 761, and Oediger, F. W. Registen I, 335, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 56.

[815] Continuator Reginonis, 923, MGH SS I, p. 616.

[816] Flodoard 953, MGH SS III, p. 402.

[817] Continuator Reginonis, 953, MGH SS I, p. 622.

[818] Annales Colonienses 953, MGH SS I, p. 98.

[819] Lacomblet, T. J. (1857) Archiv für die Geschichte des Niederrheins (Düsseldorf), Band II, p. 15.

[820] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 179, p. 241.

[821] D O I 216, p. 298.

[822] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 212, p. 272.

[823] ES I.2 202.

[824] Lacomblet, T. J. (ed.) (1858) Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins IV 604, p. 761, and Oediger, F. W. Registen I, 335, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 56.

[825] D O I 111, p. 194.

[826] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 72.

[827] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, p. 9, Hlawitschka (1969), p. 57, suggesting the estimated date.

[828] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, p. 9, Hlawitschka (1969), p. 57, suggesting the estimated date.

[829] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, p. 2.

[830] Hlawitschka (1969), pp. 68-9.

[831] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, p. 2.

[832] Vita Adelheidis abbatissæ Vilicensis 3, MGH SS XV.2, p. 757.

[833] D O I 291, p. 408.

[834] Vita Adelheidis abbatissæ Vilicensis 3, MGH SS XV.2, p. 757.

[835] MGH Poetæ Latini medii ævi, V.1, Die Ottonenzeit, Grabschriften, p. 306.

[836] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 57.

[837] Probable birth date range in light of the estimated birth date range of his father.

[838] Vita Adelheidis abbatissæ Vilicensis 3, MGH SS XV.2, p. 757.

[839] De Rebus Treverensibus sæculi VIII-X Libellus 14, MGH SS XIV, p. 104.

[840] Reginonis Chronicon 897, MGH SS I, p. 607.

[841] Reginonis Chronicon 900, MGH SS I, p. 609.

[842] Reginonis Chronicon 906, MGH SS I, p. 611.

[843] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 159, p. 222.

[844] Karoli III et Heinrici I pactum ad Bonnam castrum, MGH LL 1, p. 567.

[845] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 165, p. 229.

[846] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 72.

[847] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 72.

[848] Flodoard 925, MGH SS VIII, p. 358.

[849] Vita Johanns von Gorze, MGH SS IV 38, p. 347.

[850] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 72.

[851] Vita Johanns von Gorze, MGH SS IV 38, p. 347.

[852] Continuator Reginonis Trevirensis 944, MGH SS I, p. 619.

[853] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 206, p. 266.

[854] Poull (1994), p. 10.

[855] ES I.2 200B.

[856] Rösch, S. (1977) Caroli Magni Progenies (Verlag Degener & Co, Neustadt an der Aisch), p. 141.

[857] Wegener (1965/67), p. 73.

[858] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[859] Notitiæ Altorfenses III, MGH SS XV.2, p. 994, footnote 11 specifying that all four were sons of Hugo, founder of the monastery.

[860] Stasser, T. 'L'épouse de Robert I de Namur: Essai d'identification', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 115.

[861] Vita Johanns von Gorze, MGH SS IV 38, p. 347.

[862] Flodoard 925, MGH SS VIII, p. 358.

[863] Gallia Christiana, Tome XIII, col. 1178.

[864] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[865] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[866] Vita Johanns von Gorze, MGH SS IV 36, p. 347.

[867] Reginonis Chronicon 892, MGH SS I, p. 604.

[868] Anselmi Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensis, 20, MGH SS VII, p. 200.

[869] Sigeberti Chronica 921, MGH SS VI, p. 346.

[870] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber II, 42, MGH SS XXV, p. 52.

[871] Annales Lobienses, MGH SS XIII, p. 233.

[872] Annales Stabulenses, MGH SS XIII, p. 42.

[873] Annales Lobienses, MGH SS XIII, p. 234.

[874] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber II, 42, MGH SS XXV, p. 52.

[875] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 73.

[876] Liber Memorialis de Remiremont, quoted in Hlawitschka (1969), p. 57.

[877] Vita Adelheidis abbatissæ Vilicensis 3, MGH SS XV.2, p. 757.

[878] Birth date range estimated from the likely birth date ranges of his father and his possible daughter Adelheid.

[879] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxlii.

[880] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[881] Herimanni Augiensis Chronicon 1017, MHG SS V, p. 119.

[882] Wiponis, Vita Chuonradi II Imperatoris 2, MGH SS XI, p. 258.

[883] D H II 340, p. 431.

[884] Hoffman, G. (ed.) (1731) Nova scriptorum ac monumentorum collectio, Tome I, Sam. Guichenoni Bibliothecam Sebusianam et Paridis de Crassis diarium cur. rom (Leipzig) ("Bibliotheca Sebusiana"), Centuria I, LXXV, p. 138.

[885] Bibliotheca Sebusiana, Centuria I, LXXV, p. 138.

[886] Thietmar 7.62, p. 352.

[887] D H III 55, p. 72.

[888] Thietmar 7.62, p. 352.

[889] Bibliotheca Sebusiana, Centuria I, LXXV, p. 138.

[890] Wiponis, Vita Chuonradi II Imperatoris 2, MGH SS XI, p. 258.

[891] Birth date estimated from the birth of her oldest son Emperor Konrad I in 992, but bearing in mind the likely birth dates of her father and paternal grandfather.

[892] Wiponis, Vita Chuonradi II Imperatoris 2, MGH SS XI, p. 258.

[893] Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 200, MGH SS XI, p. 154, the date "1025" is inserted in the margin.

[894] Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 200, MGH SS XI, p. 154, the date "1025" is inserted in the margin.

[895] Herimanni Augiensis Chronicon 1036, MHG SS V, p. 122.

[896] D H III 110, p. 139.

[897] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 287.

[898] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 287.

[899] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 286.

[900] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 285.

[901] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 287.

[902] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Necrologium, MGH SS VIII, p. 287.

[903] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis Introduction, MGH SS VIII, p. 282.

[904] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, p. 49.

[905] Wiponis, Vita Chuonradi II Imperatoris 2, MGH SS XI, p. 258.

[906] Abbé E. Bougaud (ed.) (1875) Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Bénigne de Dijon ( Dijon) ("Chronicle St-Bénigne de Dijon"), p. 170.

[907] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 309, p. 363.

[908] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 308, III, p. 362.

[909] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ I and III, MGH SS XV.2, pp. 978 and 979.

[910] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 303, p. 355.

[911] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 309, p. 363.

[912] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 308, III, p. 362.

[913] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ I, MGH SS XV.2, p. 978.

[914] Dijon Saint-Bénigne II, 313, p. 92.

[915] Bridot, J. (ed.) Chartes de l'abbaye de Remiremont des origins à 1231 (Brépols) ("Remiremont") 16, p. 57.

[916] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 366, p. 423.

[917] Didier-Laurent, Abbé ‘L’abbaye de Remiremont’, Mémoires de la Société d’archéologie lorraine, Tome XLVII (Nancy, 1897), p. 385.

[918] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[919] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[920] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Parlons encore d'Etiennette', p. 4.

[921] Vannérus ‘La première dynastie luxembourgeoise’ (1946), p. 836, citing Schaudel, L. (1921) Les Comtes de Salm et l’Abbaye de Senones (Nancy), pp. 15-21.

[922] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Parlons encore d'Etiennette', pp. 2-6.

[923] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), Appendice Kalendarium S. Mariæ Virdunensis, p. 314.

[924] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Parlons encore d'Etiennette', pp. 2-6.

[925] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[926] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ I, MGH SS XV.2, p. 978.

[927] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[928] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[929] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[930] Didier-Laurent ‘L’abbaye de Remiremont’ (1897), p. 385.

[931] Epistola Rodulfi Abbatis ad Waleramnum Ducem, MGH SS X, p. 325.

[932] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ I, MGH SS XV.2, p. 978.

[933] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[934] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 978.

[935] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[936] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 81.

[937] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[938] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 81.

[939] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[940] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 81.

[941] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[942] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 81.

[943] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ IV, MGH SS XV.2, p. 980.

[944] Hlawitschka (1969), p. 81.

[945] Calmet (1728), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxv.

[946] Liège Saint-Lambert, Vol. I, XXXVI, p. 58.

[947] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[948] Verdun Sainte-Vanne (1902), LXXVI, p. 98.

[949] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[950] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, LXXXVII, p. 698.

[951] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), LXXVI, p. 98.

[952] Liège Saint-Lambert XXXVI, p. 58.

[953] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[954] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[955] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[956] Gorze 187, p. 320.

[957] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, LXXXVII, p. 698.

[958] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[959] Calmet (1757), Tome V, Preuves, col. ccclxiii.

[960] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 414.

[961] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[962] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 415.

[963] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 415.

[964] Notitiæ Fundationis Monasterii Bosonis-Villæ I and III, MGH SS XV.2, pp. 978 and 979.

[965] Menzel, K. & Sauer, W. (eds.) (1885) Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1 (Wiesbaden), 62, p. 27.

[966] Adnuntatio domni Karoli, MGH LL 1, p. 469.

[967] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 73, p. 32.

[968] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 62, p. 27.

[969] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 66, p. 29, and D LD 155, p. 218.

[970] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 80.26, p. 36.

[971] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 153, p. 216.

[972] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 414, quoting Leglay Glossaire topographique de l'ancien Cambrésis, no. 1.

[973] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 93, p. 45.

[974] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 93, p. 45.

[975] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 93, p. 45.

[976] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 93, p. 45.

[977] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[978] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[979] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 457.

[980] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[981] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[982] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 410.

[983] D O III 316, p. 742.

[984] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 308, I, p. 360.

[985] D H IV 143, p. 185.

[986] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 210, p. 270.

[987] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 212, p. 272.

[988] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 411.

[989] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxi.

[990] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxlvi.

[991] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 341, citing Histoire de Metz III, pr. 74.

[992] D H IV 324, p. 425.

[993] Alsatia Diplomatica I, CCXXXIX, p. 187.

[994] Herrgott, M. (1737) Genealogiæ Diplomaticæ Habsburgicæ (Vienna), Vol. II, CCVI, p. 149.

[995] Herrgott (1737), Vol. II, CCVI, p. 149.

[996] Simon, J. (1865) Die Geschichte des reichständischen Hauses Ysenburg und Büdingen, Band III Das Ysenburg und Büdingensche Urkundenbuch (Frankfurt) ("Isenburg Urkundenbuch"), III, p. 4.

[997] ES XVIII 147.

[998] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, X, p. 291.

[999] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, X, p. 291.

[1000] Burchardi et Cuonradi Urspergensium Chronicon, MGH SS XXIII, p. 345.

[1001] Gesta Friderici Imperatoris Ottonis Frisingensis I.21, MGH SS XX, p. 362.

[1002] Gesta Friderici Imperatoris Ottonis Frisingensis I.21, MGH SS XX, p. 362.

[1003] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, X, p. 291.

[1004] Stumpf, K. F. (ed.) (1863) Urkunden zur Geschichte des Erzbisthums Mainz im zwölften Jahrhundert (Acta Maguntina Seculi XII) (Innsbruck) ("Mainz Urkunden 12th Century"), 24, p. 27.

[1005] Schannat, J. F. (1734) Historiæ Episcopatus Wormatiensis, Tome II, Codex Probationem (Frankfurt) ("Worms Codex (1734) Tome II"), LXXXV, p. 78.

[1006] Annales Sancti Disibodi (Continuatio) 1168, MGH SS XVII, p. 30.

[1007] ES XVIII 147.

[1008] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch II, 96, p. 133.

[1009] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XIX, p. 306.

[1010] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XIX, p. 306.

[1011] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXI, p. 307.

[1012] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIII, p. 308.

[1013] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIV, p. 309.

[1014] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXV, p. 309.

[1015] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVII, p. 311.

[1016] Otterberg, 62, 63 and 64, pp. 46-7.

[1017] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXI, p. 307.

[1018] Huillard-Bréholles, J. L. A. (ed.) (1852) Historia Diplomatica Friderici Secundi (Paris), Tome I, Pars I, p. 295.

[1019] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIII, p. 308.

[1020] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVIII, p. 312.

[1021] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIX, p. 312.

[1022] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XL, p. 320.

[1023] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XLIII, p. 322.

[1024] Otterberg, 62, 63 and 64, pp. 46-7.

[1025] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XL, p. 320.

[1026] Metz Evêché, 110, p. 277.

[1027] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, pp. 561.

[1028] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XLIII, p. 322.

[1029] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire du XIIIe siècle dans la collection de Lorraine à la Bibliothèque Nationale’, Notices et Extraits des Manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Tome XXVIII, 2e partie (Paris, 1878), 8, p. 19.

[1030] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, L, p. 327.

[1031] Metz Evêché, 110, p. 277.

[1032] Metz Evêché, 146, p. 342.

[1033] Chartes de la famille de Reinach déposées aux archives du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (Luxembourg, 1877), (“Reinach (1877)”), 9, p. 4.

[1034] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, col. 1010.

[1035] Metz Evêché, 11, p. 12.

[1036] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire Lorraine’ (1878), Tome XXVIII, 2e partie, 8, p. 19.

[1037] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, L, p. 327.

[1038] François-Vivès ‘Les seigneurs de Commercy’ (1936), Tome LXXIV, p. 136, citing “Arch. de M.-et-M., B 633, no. 6”.

[1039] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire Lorraine’ (1878), Tome XXVIII, 2e partie, 63, p. 59.

[1040] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, LXII, p. 336.

[1041] Metz Evêché, 110, p. 277.

[1042] Mémoires et documents inédits pour servir à l’histoire de la Franche-Comté, Tome 9 (Besançon, 1900), Obituarium capituli metropolitani Bisuntini, 23-5, p. 11.

[1043] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, LXVIII, p. 341.

[1044] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire Lorraine’ (1878), Tome XXVIII, 2e partie, 8, p. 19.

[1045] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, L, p. 327.

[1046] Stillfried, R. M. von (1843) Monumenta Zollerana, Quellensammlung zur Geschichte des erlauchten Hauses der Grafen von Zollern und Burggrafen von Nürnberg, Erster Theil (Halle) ("Monumenta Zollerana (1843))", XVII, p. 31.

[1047] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIX, p. 312.

[1048] Otterberg, 62, 63 and 64, pp. 46-7.

[1049] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XLVII, p. 325.

[1050] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, LXII, p. 336.

[1051] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXIV, p. 309.

[1052] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch III, 765, p. 576.

[1053] Otterberg, 81, p. 59.

[1054] Gudenus, V. F. de (1743) Codex Diplomaticus Moguntiaca (Goettingen), Tome I, CXIV, p. 312

[1055] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVIII, p. 312.

[1056] Ernst (1847), Tome VI, LXVII, p. 156.

[1057] Ernst (1839), Tome III, pp. 360-3.

[1058] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVIII, p. 312.

[1059] Ernst (1847), Tome VI, LXXVII, p. 164.

[1060] Ardennisches Geschlecht Codex, VII, Chartularium Saræpontanum, XXVIII, p. 312.

[1061] Janicke (1869) Die Chroniken der niedersächsischen Städte, Magdeburg (Leipzig), Band I, p. 129.

[1062] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire Lorraine’ (1878), Tome XXVIII, 2e partie, 63, p. 59.

[1063] François-Vivès ‘Les seigneurs de Commercy’ (1936), Tome LXXIV, p. 136, citing “B. N. Coll. Moreau, vol. 891, fol. 86”.

[1064] François-Vivès ‘Les seigneurs de Commercy’ (1936), Tome LXXIV, p. 136, citing “B. N. Coll. Moreau, vol. 891, fol. 86”.

[1065] Arbois de Jubainville, H. (1866) Histoire des Ducs et des Comtes de Champagne, Tome VI (Paris), 3327, p. 5.

[1066] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, Probationes, col. ccccxvi.

[1067] Natalis de Wailly ‘Actes en langue vulgaire Lorraine’ (1878), Tome XXVIII, 2e partie, 247, p. 173.

[1068] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 54.

[1069] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 54.

[1070] Gauthier, J. (1883) Inventaire sommaire des archives départementales antérieures à 1790, Archives civiles série B, Chambre des comptes de Franche-Comté, Tome I, Département du Doubs (Besançon) (“Inventaire sommaire des archives du Doubs (1883)”), B. 214, p. 91.

[1071] State Archives, volume 102, page 19, fascicule 1.

[1072] State Archives, volume 104, pages 33 and 34, fascicules 20.1 and 20.2.

[1073] State Archives, volume 102, page 33, fascicule 1.

[1074] François-Vivès ‘Les seigneurs de Commercy’ (1936), Tome LXXIV, p. 158.

[1075] Præmonstratensis Annales (1736), Tome II, col. 1010.

[1076] State Archives, volume 104, pages 46, 47 and 49, fascicules 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.

[1077] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 54.

[1078] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 147.

[1079] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 54.

[1080] Calmet, A. (1728) Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Lorraine (Nancy), Tome II, Preuves, col. dcxlviii.

[1081] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 147.

[1082] Dumont (1843), Tome I, p. 54.

[1083] Rheinlande Vatikanischen, Band II, 3032, p. 405.

[1084] Charrière, M. L. de (1865) Recherches sur les dynastes de Cossonay (Lausanne), p. 162.

[1085] State Archives, volume 104, pages 46, 47 and 49, fascicules 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.

[1086] Charrière (1865), Pièces justificatives, XLIX, p. 339.

[1087] Charrière (1865), p. 161, citing “Arch. cant. titres de baill. d’Yverdon, coté no. 54”.

[1088] Charrière (1865), p. 162.

[1089] Germain, L. ‘Fragment d’études historiques sur le comté de Vaudémont – Ancel de Joinville’, Mémoires de la Société archéologique lorraine, Tome XXXIV (Nancy, 1884), 4, p. 238.

[1090] Delaborde, H. F. (1894) Jean de Joinville et les seigneurs de Joinville suivi d'un catalogue de leurs actes (Paris) ("Delaborde, Seigneurs de Joinville, Actes"), 754, p. 414.

[1091] Schmidt-Kallenberg, L. (1908) Nachträge zu den Inventaren der nichtstaatlichen Archive des Kreises Coesfeld (Archive Manderscheid-Blankenheim in Dülmen u. a.) (Münster), [Veröffentlichungen der Historische Kommission der Provinz Westfalen, Inventare der nichtstaatlichen Archive der Provinz Westfalen, Band I Regierungsbezirk Münster, Heft IVa Kreis Coesfeld (Nachträge)], 3, p. 54.

[1092] Documents Vosges, Tome VII, p. 197.

[1093] Documents Vosges, Tome VII, p. 199.

[1094] Documents Vosges, Tome VII, p. 205.

[1095] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 452.

[1096] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[1097] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 454.

[1098] D Arn 93, p. 136.

[1099] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxii.

[1100] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[1101] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 442.

[1102] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 194.

[1103] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 443.

[1104] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes V, 17, p. 5.

[1105] D O I 288, p. 402.

[1106] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxx.

[1107] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxi.

[1108] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[1109] D O I 288, p. 402.

[1110] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[1111] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 267.

[1112] D O I 288, p. 402.

[1113] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxlvi.

[1114] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[1115] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[1116] D Arn 95, p. 139.

[1117] D H I 16, p. 52.

[1118] D H I 21, p. 57.

[1119] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. clxxxi.

[1120] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxx.

[1121] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxvi.

[1122] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 269.

[1123] Gorze 114, p. 207.

[1124] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxxvii.

[1125] Widrici Vita S. Gerardi Episcopi, 2, MGH SS IV, p. 492.

[1126] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxxxvii.

[1127] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 434, citing Gallia Christiana XIII, pr. 462.

[1128] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxxxviii.

[1129] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxxxviii.

[1130] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxvii.

[1131] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxxxviii.

[1132] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxliv.

[1133] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxii.

[1134] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. ccxcv.

[1135] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[1136] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 281.

[1137] Sommier, J. C. (1726) Histoire de l´église de Saint-Diez, E, p. 353.

[1138] Kupper ‘Ermengarde’ (2013), p. 12.

[1139] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), Appendice Kalendarium S. Mariæ Virdunensis, p. 314.

[1140] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 296.

[1141] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 7, MGH SS X, p. 494.

[1142] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccxliv.

[1143] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 174.

[1144] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 99.

[1145] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[1146] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 281.

[1147] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 7, MGH SS X, p. 494.

[1148] Calmet, A. (1748) Histoire de Lorraine (Nancy), Tome III, Preuves, col. xx.

[1149] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. I, p. 299.

[1150] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXIII, p. 317.

[1151] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber IV, Cap. XLVII, p. 422.

[1152] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 136.

[1153] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 101.

[1154] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1070, MGH SS XXIII, p. 796.

[1155] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1127, MGH SS XXIII, p. 828.

[1156] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1127, MGH SS XXIII, p. 828.

[1157] Plancher, U. (ed.) (1739) Histoire générale et particulière de Bourgogne (Dijon), Tome I, Preuves, LXIII, p.xlii.

[1158] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 143.

[1159] Plancher (1739), Tome I, Preuves, LXIII, p.xlii.

[1160] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 101.

[1161] Barthélemy, E. de ‘Les Seigneurs de Dampierre-en-Astenois’, Revue d’Histoire nobiliaire et d’Archéologie héraldique, 1ère année (Paris, 1882), p. 36, footnote 3 quoting ‘Cartul. de Monthiers fol. 19’ and ‘fol. 6’ respectively.

[1162] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 96.

[1163] Plancher (1739), Tome I, Preuves, LXIII, p.xlii.

[1164] Barthélemy ‘Dampierre-en-Astenois’ (1882), p. 36, footnote 3 quoting ‘Cartul. de Monthiers fol. 19’ and ‘fol. 6’ respectively.

[1165] Barthélemy, A. de ‘Chartes de départ et de retour des comtes de Dampierre-en-Astenois: IV et V croisades’, Archives de l’Orient Latin, Tome II (Paris, 1884), Documents – Chartes I, pp. 184, 186.

[1166] ES VII 5.

[1167] Barthélemy ‘Dampierre-en-Astenois’ (1882), p. 37 (no citation reference).

[1168] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 7, MGH SS X, p. 494.

[1169] RHC, Historiens occidentaux I, Historia Rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum ("L'estoire de Eracles Empereur et la conqueste de la terre d'Outremer"), (“William of Tyre”) III.XVII, p. 136.

[1170] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. I, p. 299.

[1171] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber IV, Cap. XLVII, p. 422.

[1172] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 97.

[1173] Mavot, P. 'L'obituaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Mansuy-lès-Toul', Revue Mabillon XVIII 1928, p. 101.

[1174] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 7, MGH SS X, p. 494.

[1175] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), Appendice Kalendarium S. Mariæ Virdunensis, p. 314.

[1176] Ægidii Aurevallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium III.11, MGH SS XXV, p. 88.

[1177] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1070, MGH SS XXIII, p. 798.

[1178] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber III, 11, MGH SS XXV, p. 88.

[1179] Sigeberti Chronica 1091, MGH SS VI, p. 366.

[1180] Aegidii Aurævallensis Gesta Episcoporum Leodiensium, Liber III, 13, MGH SS XXV, p. 90.

[1181] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 224.

[1182] MGH LL Capitularia regum Francorum II, p. 195.

[1183] D Zw 3, p. 20.

[1184] D F I 149, p. 251.

[1185] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVI, p. 426.

[1186] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.

[1187] D Zw 3, p. 20.

[1188] D Zw 27, p. 65.

[1189] RHGF IX, XLIX, p. 517.

[1190] RHGF IX, XLIX, p. 517.

[1191] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 159, p. 222.

[1192] Preuves de l´Histoire de Metz (1781), p. 56.

[1193] Flodoard 921, MGH SS III, p. 369.

[1194] Flodoardi Annales 923, MGH SS III, p. 371.

[1195] Reginonis Chronicon 883, MGH SS I, p. 594.

[1196] Miraeus (Le Mire), A. (1723) Opera diplomatica et historica, 2nd edn. (Louvain), Tome II, II, p. 805.

[1197] Vita Iohannes Gorziensis 105, MGH SS IV, p. 367.

[1198] Tabula Genealogica ex Codice Bibl. Regiæ Monacensis, MGH SS II, p. 314.

[1199] Widukindi Res Gestæ Saxonicæ II.26, MGH SS III, p. 445.

[1200] D O I 52, p. 135.

[1201] Continuator Reginonis Trevirensis 943, MGH SS I, p. 619.

[1202] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[1203] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 368.

[1204] D H II 340, p. 431.

[1205] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 212, p. 272.

[1206] D O III 238, p. 655.

[1207] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 205, p. 265.

[1208] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XIV, p. 400.

[1209] Fayen, A. (1906) Cartulaire de la ville de Gand, Chartes et documents T. I, Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis (Gand) ("Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis"), 77, p. 80.

[1210] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 86, p. 85.

[1211] Lokeren, A. van (1868) Chartes et documents de l´abbaye de Saint Pierre au Mont Blandin à Gand (Gand) ("Gand Saint-Pierre"), 51, p. 48.

[1212] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium I, 101 and 103, p. 443.

[1213] Epistolæ Bambergenses, Bibliotheca rerum germanicarum V, p. 472, quoted in Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 75.

[1214] Guadet, J. (ed.) (1845) Richeri Historiarum (Paris) ("Richer") III.CIII, p. 126.

[1215] Gade (1951), p. 51.

[1216] D O III 44, p. 444.

[1217] Richeri Historiarum IV, 99, MGH SS III, p. 654.

[1218] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 998, MGH SS XXIII, p. 777.

[1219] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 145.

[1220] Annalista Saxo 1002.

[1221] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[1222] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 399.

[1223] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 86, p. 85.

[1224] D H II 492, p. 626.

[1225] L'obituaire de la cathédrale de Saint-Lambert de Liège, p. 69.

[1226] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 140.

[1227] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, p. 48.

[1228] McKitterick, R. (1983) Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians 751-987 (Longman, London and New York), p. 327.

[1229] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[1230] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 6, MGH SS IV, p. 47.

[1231] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 984 and 1005, MGH SS XXIII, pp. 772 and 778.

[1232] Poull (1994), p. 15.

[1233] Aimond, C. 'Le nécrologe de la cathédrale de Verdun', Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für lothringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Year 21 (second part) (1910), p. 204.

[1234] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 6, MGH SS IV, p. 47.

[1235] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, pp. 48-9.

[1236] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[1237] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 6, MGH SS IV, p. 47.

[1238] D F I 149, p. 251.

[1239] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVI, p. 426.

[1240] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXIX, p. 430.

[1241] D H II 96, p. 120.

[1242] Necrology of Arras St Vaast, p. 10.

[1243] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, p. 48.

[1244] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[1245] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 86, p. 85.

[1246] Gand Saint-Pierre, 51, p. 48.

[1247] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 399.

[1248] D H II 340, p. 431.

[1249] L'obituaire de la cathédrale de Saint-Lambert de Liège, p. 71.

[1250] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 138.

[1251] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.3 and 8, MGH SS VIII, pp. 370 and 375.

[1252] Necrology Verdun Saint-Vanne, p. 149.

[1253] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[1254] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.3 and 8, MGH SS VIII, pp. 370 and 375.

[1255] Vita Richardi abbatis S Vidoni Virdunensis 10, MGH SS XI, p. 286.

[1256] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.3 and 8, MGH SS VIII, pp. 370 and 375.

[1257] ES VIII 98a.

[1258] Chronico Virdunensi, RCGF 10, p. 207.

[1259] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 399.

[1260] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 399.

[1261] Ruperti Chronicon, Sancti Laurentii Leodiensis 12, MGH SS VIII, p. 266, footnote 23, although the text names her father "comes Hezelo qui alio nomine Heinricus, frater Gozelonis ducis".

[1262] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 399.

[1263] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium III.10, MGH SS 7, p. 469.

[1264] Chronicon Hugonis, monachi Virdunensis et divionensis abbatis Flaviniacensis II.3 and 8, MGH SS VIII, pp. 370 and 375.

[1265] Chronico Virdunensi, RCGF 10, p. 207.

[1266] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 147.

[1267] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, p. 48.

[1268] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 5, MGH SS XXV, p. 384.

[1269] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.

[1270] D H II 427, p. 542.

[1271] Annales Blandinienses 1023, MGH SS V, p. 26.

[1272] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1902), Necrology, p. 146.

[1273] L'obituaire de la cathédrale de Saint-Lambert de Liège, p. 78.

[1274] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, continuatio 9, MGH SS IV, p. 48.

[1275] Annalista Saxo 1037.

[1276] Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 168, MGH SS XI, p. 144.

[1277] Vita Popponis Abbatis Stabulensis 19, MGH SS XI, p. 305.

[1278] Thietmar 8.7 and 8.18, pp. 366 and 374.

[1279] Fuhrmann, H., trans. Reuter, T. (1995) Germany in the high middle ages c.1050-1200 (Cambridge University Press), p. 226.

[1280] D H III 74, p. 98, the introduction stating that Irmgard was widow of Otto von Hammerstein.

[1281] D H III 100, p. 127.

[1282] Roland, C. G. ‘Histoire généalogique de la maison de Rumigny-Florennes’, Annales de la Société Archéologique de Namur, Tome 19 (Namur, 1891), p. 79.

[1283] Roland ‘Rumigny-Florennes’ (1891), p. 81.

[1284] Vita Adalberonis Episcopi Wirziburgensis 1, MGH SS XII, p. 130.

[1285] Wegener (1965/67), p. 139, citing "Trotter, p. 40".

[1286] D K II 33, p. 36.

[1287] Fragmentum Necrologicæ Lambacenses, Passau Necrologies I, p. 406.

[1288] ES XVIII 152.

[1289] Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 6, MGH SS IV, p. 47.

[1290] Vanderkindere (1902), Vol. II, p. 343.

[1291] Verdun Saint-Vanne (1898), XXVII, p. 427.

[1292] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxvii.

[1293] Annales Sancti Vitoni Virdunensis, MGH SS VIII, p. 526.

[1294] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cclxxvii.

[1295] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, 1, 9, MGH SS VIII, pp. 491, 497.

[1296] Calmet (1748), Tome II, Preuves, col. cccviii.

[1297] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[1298] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[1299] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXI, p. 78.

[1300] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXXVII, p. 93.

[1301] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[1302] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXI, p. 78.

[1303] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[1304] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXI, p. 78.

[1305] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXXVII, p. 93.

[1306] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXXVII, p. 93.

[1307] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, LXXVII, p. 93.

[1308] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 16, MGH SS VIII, p. 576.

[1309] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 202, p. 139.

[1310] Codex diplomaticus Nassoicus, Band I, Part 1, 202, p. 139.

[1311] Otterberg, 155, p. 116.

[1312] Otterberg, 161, p. 119.

[1313] Otterberg, 155, p. 116.

[1314] Otterberg, 161, p. 119.

[1315] Otterberg, 161, p. 119.

[1316] Otterberg, 219, p. 163.

[1317] Otterberg, 161, p. 119.

[1318] Otterberg, 219, p. 163.

[1319] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 375, p. 432.

[1320] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 415, p. 475.

[1321] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 487, p. 541.

[1322] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 58, p. 93.

[1323] Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus, Theil I, 217, p. 452.

[1324] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 155, p. 197.

[1325] Niederrheins Urkundenbuch, Band II, 224, p. 116.

[1326] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 487, p. 541.

[1327] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. I, 598, p. 655.

[1328] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol. II, 22, p. 59.