This document sets out some noble families in Scotland who were granted no title of nobility, at least not before the 14th century, and whose origin in the main can be traced back to the 12th century. It represents a selection of these families, chosen only because they were the ones for whom records were found in the primary sources so far consulted. The scope of this document is being expanded as further sources are studied. It should be emphasised that the reconstructions in this document do not generally include outlines from secondary sources. The idea is to expand the reconstructions based only on primary sources, to avoid perpetuating errors.

In the 12th century, powerful families emerged which were unconnected with specific earldoms, in particular the Comyn, Bruce and Stewart families. The latter two are dealt with in the document SCOTLAND KINGS (together with the Balliol family), but the Comyn family is shown in the present document. Among the other families which are set out in this document are several of Norman English ancestry. One explanation for their arrival in Scotland is provided in the mid-14th century Scalacronica which records that William King of Scotland, after his release from captivity in England in 1174, returned to Scotland with "plusours dez filz pusnes dez seygnours Dengleterre" and granted them lands: "dez Baillolfs, de Bruys, de Soulis et de Mowbray, et les Saynclers; lez Hayes, lez Giffardis, lez Ramesays, et Laundels; lez Biseys, les Berkleys, lez Walenges, lez Boysis, lez Mountgomeris; lez Vaus, lez Coleuyles, lez Fryfers, lez Grames, Lez Gourlays et plusours autres"[1].

Several chapters of this document have, where indicated, been expanded and corrected with information researched by the Declaration of Arbroath Family History Project. This Project, run by the Genealogical Studies Postgraduate Programme based in the Centre for Lifelong Learning of the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, consisted of two strands. One focussed on researching the lives and families of the 48 nobles and barons who were either named in the 6 Apr 1320 Arbroath declaration document or attached their seals to it[2]. The second aimed to develop methodologies for the use of genetic genealogy in tracing early descents. The data added has been contributed by Graham S. Holton, who led the Project.

AVENELL

The relationship, if any, between this Avenell family and the Avenell family which is set out in the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY has not yet been established.

1. GERVASE Avenell (-after [1155/56]). The Pipe Roll 1155/56 records "Gervase Avenel" in Nottinghamshire[3].

1. ROBERT Avenell (-after [1180]). The seal of "Roberti Avenel" is appended to a charter of "Robert Avenel and Gervase his son" for Melrose abbey dated to [1180][4]. "Rob Auenel" donated "terram meam de Eschedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "dño meo Willo reg Scott…Geruasii heredis mei", for the soul of "Sibbille uxoris mee", by undated charter[5]. m SIBYLLA, daughter of ---. "Rob Auenel" donated "terram meam de Eschedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "dño meo Willo reg Scott…Geruasii heredis mei", for the soul of "Sibbille uxoris mee", by undated charter[6]. Robert & his wife had three children:

a) GERVASE Avenell (-1219). "Rob Auenel" donated "terram meam de Eschedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "dño meo Willo reg Scott…Geruasii heredis mei", for the soul of "Sibbille uxoris mee", by undated charter[7]. The seal of "Roberti Avenel" is appended to a charter of "Robert Avenel and Gervase his son" for Melrose abbey dated to [1180][8]. "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey, witnessed by "…Walt Olif, Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia, Geruasi nepos Rob Auen, Glai nepos ei, Rob fili Rob Aueñ"[9]. "Geruasi Auenel filii Robtii Auenel" donated "terram de Eskedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Geruasio filio meo", for the souls of "mea et uxoris mee", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Sibilla uxore mea, Gervasio filio meo et herede…Roberto filio meo…"[10]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1219 of "Gervasius de Avenal"[11]. m SIBYLLA, daughter of ---. "Geruasi Auenel filii Robtii Auenel" donated "terram de Eskedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Geruasio filio meo", for the souls of "mea et uxoris mee", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Sibilla uxore mea, Gervasio filio meo et herede…Roberto filio meo…"[12]. Gervase & his wife had four children:

i) GERVASE Avenell . "Geruasi Auenel filii Robtii Auenel" donated "terram de Eskedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Geruasio filio meo", for the souls of "mea et uxoris mee", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Sibilla uxore mea, Gervasio filio meo et herede…Roberto filio meo…"[13].

ii) ROBERT Avenell . "Geruasi Auenel filii Robtii Auenel" donated "terram de Eskedale" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Geruasio filio meo", for the souls of "mea et uxoris mee", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Sibilla uxore mea, Gervasio filio meo et herede…Roberto filio meo…"[14].

iii) ROGER Avenell (-after [1230]). "Rogerus Auenel filius Geruasii Auenel" confirmed the donation of "terram de Eskedale" to Melrose abbey made by "Geruasi Auenel pater meus…Roberti Auenel avus meus" by undated charter[15]. "…Rogero Avenel, Alano de Mundegumeri, David de Lindeseie, Rogero filio Glay…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scottorum" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Inuerwic" made to Melrose abbey by "Rogerius filius Glay et Willemus de Haskerrestun et Ricardus de Haskerrestun frater eius et Johannes filius Alani de Mundegumeri et Vicencius filius Roberti Avenel et Nicholaus filius Rollandi"[16]. The seal of "Rogeri Avenel" is appended to a charter of "Roger Avenel son of Gervase Avenel" relating to lands in Dumfriesshire for Melrose abbey dated to [1230][17].

iv) JOHN Avenell . "Johannes Auenel filius Geruasii Auenel" donated land "in territorio de Torthorald quam Willielmus filius Glay…dedit" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[18].

b) ROBERT Avenell . "…Walt Olif, Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia, Geruasi nepos Rob Auen, Glai nepos ei, Rob fili Rob Aueñ" witnessed the undated charter under which "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey[19]. m ---. The name of Robert’s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had one child:

i) VINCENT Avenell . "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scottorum" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Inuerwic" made to Melrose abbey by "Rogerius filius Glay et Willemus de Haskerrestun et Ricardus de Haskerrestun frater eius et Johannes filius Alani de Mundegumeri et Vicencius filius Roberti Avenel et Nicholaus filius Rollandi", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Rogero Avenel, Alano de Mundegumeri, David de Lindeseie, Rogero filio Glay…"[20].

c) daughter . The Chronicle of Melrose refers to "the daughter of Robert Avenal" as the mother of King William's daughter Isabel[21]. Mistress of WILLIAM I “the Lion” King of Scotland, son of HENRY of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland & his wife Ada de Warenne (1143-Stirling 4 Dec 1214, bur Arbroath Abbey).

2. --- . m ---. [Two] children (the documentation does not confirm that they were brothers):

a) GERVASE . "…Walt Olif, Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia, Geruasi nepos Rob Auen, Glai nepos ei, Rob fili Rob Aueñ" witnessed the undated charter under which "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey[22].

b) [GLAY . "…David comes frater regis Scotie…Glai nepos domni Roberti Avenel…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Robertus Avenel et Geruasi heres eius" donated property to Melrose abbey[23]. "…Walt Olif, Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia, Geruasi nepos Rob Auen, Glai nepos ei, Rob fili Rob Aueñ" witnessed the undated charter under which "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey[24]. "Glaj nepos Robi Auenel" donated property at "Molle" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "mea et uxoris mee et liberorum meorum", by undated charter[25].] m ---. The name of Glay’s wife is not known. Glay & his wife had two children:

i) ROGER . "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scottorum" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Inuerwic" made to Melrose abbey by "Rogerius filius Glay et Willemus de Haskerrestun et Ricardus de Haskerrestun frater eius et Johannes filius Alani de Mundegumeri et Vicencius filius Roberti Avenel et Nicholaus filius Rollandi", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Rogero Avenel, Alano de Mundegumeri, David de Lindeseie, Rogero filio Glay…"[26].

ii) WILLIAM . "Johannes Auenel filius Geruasii Auenel" donated land "in territorio de Torthorald quam Willielmus filius Glay…dedit" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[27].

3. ROGER Avenell (-1243). m ---. The name of Roger’s wife is not known. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) --- Avenell . Balfour Paul names “the daughter and heiress of Roger Avenel (who died 1243)” as the wife of Henry [III] de Graham, adding that she brought “the lordships of Abercorn in Linlithgowshire, Kilbucho and Newlands in Peeblesshire, and Eskdale in Dumfriesshire” to her husband, but he does not cite the primary source on which the information is based[28]. m HENRY [III] Graham of Dalkeith, son of HENRY [II] Graham of Dalkeith & his wife --- (-after 1283).

1. GERVASE Avenell (-after 1322). m (after 23 Apr 1299) as her second husband, JOAN de Clare, widow of DUNCAN Macduff Earl of Fife, daughter of GILBERT de Clare Earl of Gloucester & his first wife Alix de Lusignan (1264-after 1322). A charter dated 6 Jun 1292 records that King Edward I granted permission to "Johanna de Clare comitissa de Fif uxor quondam Duncani comitis de Fif" to marry whom she pleases on payment of a fine of 1000 marks[29].

BERKELEY, BARCLAY

The relationship, if any, between this Berkeley family and the Berkeley family which is set out in the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY has not yet been established. The mid-14th century Scalacronica records that William King of Scotland, after his release from captivity in England in 1174, returned to Scotland with "plusours dez filz pusnes dez seygnours Dengleterre" and granted them lands, naming in its list "…les Berkleys…"[30]. Smyth indicates that the Berkeley family of Scotland was descended from "Henry and Richard the fifth and sixth sonnes" of Maurice de Berkeley and his wife Alice de Berkeley[31]. The specific source on which he relies for this information is unclear. From a chronological point of view, it appears unlikely to be correct as the births of Maurice and Alice’s younger children can probably be dated to after [1170], later than the probable dates of the earliest charters in which the Scottish Berkeleys are named.

1. WALTER de Berkeley ). "…Waltero de Berkele…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland donated property "de Pednewem et de Amestroder" to the priory of the Isle of May[32]. "…Waltero de Berchele camerario…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed the freedoms of the priory of the Isle of May[33]. "…Waltero de Berchelai camerario…" subscribed the under charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed toftis of Kinloss, recorded in a charter dated 1355[34]. "…Willo de Lindes…Walt de Berk, Rob de Berk, Henrico de Graham" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Melrose abbey by "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer eisdem monarch"[35]. m (after [1200]) as her second husband, EVA, widow of ROBERT de Quincy, daughter of ---. "Eua quondam uxor Roberti de Quinci" donated property "de Edmundesten" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "dominorum meorum Robti de Quinci et Walteri de Berkeley et Rolandi fratris mei et Johis filii mei et Christine sororis mee", to Melrose abbey by undated charter[36]. Eva was the sister of Christine, wife of William de Brus of Annandale (see the document SCOTLAND KINGS) and second wife of Patrick Earl of Dunbar (see SCOTLAND, MORMAERS, EARLS & LORDS). Walter & his wife had [one] child:

a) JOHN de Berkeley . "Eua quondam uxor Roberti de Quinci" donated property "de Edmundesten" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "dominorum meorum Robti de Quinci et Walteri de Berkeley et Rolandi fratris mei et Johis filii mei et Christine sororis mee", to Melrose abbey by undated charter[37]. "…Joa--- filio Walteri de Berkeley, Roberto Berkeley…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer reg Scotie" settled a dispute relating to "Bleinesley" donated to Melrose abbey[38].

2. ROBERT de Berkeley . "…Willelmo de Haia, Roberto de Berkel…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Login" made to Scone Abbey by "Malcolmus comes Atholie"[39]. "Robertus de Berkeley et Cecilia sponsa ipsius et heredum eorum" donated "terre in territorio de Mackistun" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[40]. "…Joa--- filio Walteri de Berkeley, Roberto Berkeley…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer reg Scotie" settled a dispute relating to "Bleinesley" donated to Melrose abbey[41]. "…Willo de Lindes…Walt de Berk, Rob de Berk, Henrico de Graham" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Melrose abbey by "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer eisdem monarch"[42]. m CECILIA, daughter of ---. "Robertus de Berkeley et Cecilia sponsa ipsius et heredum eorum" donated "terre in territorio de Mackistun" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[43].

3. HUGH de Berkeley . "…Hug de Berkeley Just Laodon" witnessed the charter dated 16 Oct [1224 or 1259] under which Alexander II or Alexander III King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Perth by "Rogerus de Quincy com Wynton constab Scot"[44]. "Willelmus de Haya filius Johannis de Haya miles et dñs de Lochqwerwerd" confirmed the donation of "petera de Lochqwerwerd…Wulueftrother", donated by "Roberti filii David quondam dñni de Locherum", to Newbattle abbey, witnessed by "…dnis Hugonis de Berkelay…"[45].

4. DAVID de Berkeley . "David de Berkeley dominus de Brechyn" donated "piscariam meam super aquam de Tay in terra de Angus…Cruchuc", with the consent of "Margarete sponse mee", to Balmerino Abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Duncano comite de Fyff…"[46]. m MARGARET, daughter of ---. "David de Berkeley dominus de Brechyn" donated "piscariam meam super aquam de Tay in terra de Angus…Cruchuc", with the consent of "Margarete sponse mee", to Balmerino Abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Duncano comite de Fyff…"[47].

5. HUMPHREY de Berkeley . "Umfridus de Berkel" donated "terram de Balfeth" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…Will Cumyn…Malcolmo fil comitis Dunec et Dunec fratre suo…Ric fil Will Cumyn…Agatha sponsa mea…"[48]. m AGATHA, daughter of ---. "Umfridus de Berkel" donated "terram de Balfeth" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…Agatha sponsa mea…"[49]. Humphrey & his wife had two children:

a) MARY de Berkeley . Her parentage and marriage are shown in the Complete Peerage without citing the corresponding primary source[50]. Balfour Paul’s Scots Peerage does not name the wife of Earl Malcolm[51]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m MALCOLM Earl of Angus, son of DUNCAN Earl of Angus & his wife --- (-[1237/42]).

b) RICHENDA de Berkeley (-after 1244). "Richenda filia Umfredi de Berkelay" confirmed a donation to Aberbrothoc, made "tempe Robti filii Warnebald…mariti mei", by undated charter, confirmed by Alexander King of Scotland by another charter dated 7 Mar "Anno regni dni Reg trcesio" (30th = 1244?) the donation of "Richenda filia et heres Umfridi de Berkelay et Agathe sponse sue…in…viduitatis sue"[52]. m ROBERT, son of WARNEBALD & his wife ---.

6. DAVID de Barclay (-after 1306). The Ragman Roll names "…David de Berkele...del counte de Fyfe…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[53]. Barbour’s The Brus records "Schir Thomas Randol…Shir Alexander Fraser and Schir David the Berclay…and Hew de la Hay" among those who were taken prisoner at the battle of Methven in 1306[54]. The Ragman Roll names "…David de Berkele...del counte de Fyfe…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[55].

Two brothers, parents not identified. Balfour Paul, in relation to David de Barclay named below, says that “it has not been ascertained to what family he belonged”[56]. The chronology suggests that David de Barclay, shown below, may not have been the same person as David de Barclay who was named between 1296 and 1306 (see above).

1. DAVID de Barclay (-murdered Aberdeen 25 Jan 1351). Lord of Brechin: King Robert I granted "the lands of Knocqy, in Glenesk [Forfar], quas David de Brechin forisfecit", and "the lands of Rothmay, the lands of Brechine and Kinloche, and sundry others", to “David de Barclay”, dated to after [Aug] 1320 (the death of his father-in-law)[57]. “David de Berkeley dominus de Brechyn” donated “picariam...super aquam de Tay in terra de Angus…le Cruchuc...” to Balmerinoch St Mary, with the consent of "Margarete sponse mee", by undated charter[58]. Barber’s Life of King Robert Bruce records that “dominus David de Berclay miles” was killed 1351 “apud Abirden, nocte Carnisprivij” by "Johannem de Sancto Michaele et complices suos, ex procuratione, ut fertur, Domini Willelmi de Douglas, fratris sui, quem idem David fecit teneri", and that “prædictus Johannes de Sancto Michaele” was killed soon afterwards[59]. m (contract 26 Mar 1315) MARGARET de Brechin, daughter of DAVID de Brechin & his first wife Margaret de Bonkyl ([1304/20 Jul 1305]-). “David de Berclay miles” granted “omnes terras meas de Carny Berclay, de Carny Murthach, Wchtirmonesy, de Thorr de Kindesleffis, de Edalston et de Hindeford” to "Margarete filie domini Dauid de Brechyn militis...racione dotis pro matrimonio inter nos contrahendo" by charter dated 26 Mar 1315[60]. “David de Berkeley dominus de Brechyn” donated “picariam...super aquam de Tay in terra de Angus…le Cruchuc...” to Balmerinoch St Mary, with the consent of "Margarete sponse mee", by undated charter[61]. David & his wife had two children:

a) DAVID Barclay (-[13 Oct 1366/16 Apr 1369]). Lord of Brechin. Balfour Paul cites documents dated 1363, 5 Feb 1362 (O.S.), and 13 Oct 1366 in which he was named, and notes that he “was dead some time before 16 Apr 1369”[62]. By undated charter (dated to after 1353) “Isabella de Fyfe domina eiusdem ac filia domina Duncani quondam comitis de Fyfe” confirmed the charter of “bone memorie domini David de Bercley domini de Breychyn”, quoted: “David de Berekley dominus de Breychyn” granted "terram...de Kyndestleiyth” to “consanguineo nostro Hugoni de Bercley, filio David de Berclay avunculi nostri" by undated charter[63]. “David de Barclay dominus de Brechine” confirmed “terra de Dunmore” to “dominus Rogerus de Mortuomari miles” by charter dated 9 Oct 1363, witnessed by "...dominis Roberto de Erskyne tunc camerario Scotie, David de Grame et David de Fleming militibus, Alexandro de Lyndesay et David de Barclay avunculis nostris...”, quoted in a “Notoriall Transumpt” dated 23 Jan 1442[64]. m as her first husband, JANET [Keith], daughter of [EDWARD Keith of Synton & his second wife Christiana de Menteith] (-1413). Balfour Paul records her first marriage[65]. She married secondly (before 13 Apr 1370) as his second wife, Thomas Erskine of Erskine. Follow her hyperlink for discussion about her parentage and second marriage. Her marriages are confirmed by the testimony of “Thomas Besat of Baluelye”, dated 6 Jun 1437, concerning the succession of Brechin, who said that “...the last scher David Berclay umquhile lord of Brechyn...had na brothir...bot alanerli a duoghter, the quhilk was marit witht Walter Steuart knicht, erl of Athol, sumtym", and that he (the witness) had been “seruand onto my lord scher Thomas of Erskyn...and my lade Dame Jehan his wife, that was modir to David Steuart’s modir”[66]. David & his wife had one child:

i) MARGARET Barclay (-before 1 Aug 1404). By charter dated 22 Oct 1378, Robert II King of Scotland confirmed the charter of his son as follows: “Walterus Senescalli filius...Roberti...regis Scottorum...dominus baronie de Brechyn infra vicecomitatum de Forfar et Margarete sponsa sua filia et heres quondam domini Favid de Berclay domini dicte baronie” confirmed that “David de Arroch” sold “medietate tenementi de Arroch...in baronia de Brechin predicta” to "Thome de Rate domino de Ouwres” to “consanguineo nostro Hugoni de Bercley, filio David de Berclay avunculi nostri" by charter dated 19 Oct 1378[67]. m (before 19 Oct 1378) WALTER Stewart, son of son of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his second wife Eupheme of Ross ([after 13 Aug 1362]-beheaded Edinburgh 26 Mar 1437). Lord of Brechin, de iure uxoris. Earl of Caithness 1402. Earl of Atholl before 8 Jun 1404, and Earl Palatine of Strathearn 22 Jul 1424.

b) JEAN Barclay . Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage, and names the couple’s two daughters, their husbands, and some descendants[68]. The information is partially confirmed by the testimony of “Thomas Besat of Baluelye”, dated 6 Jun 1437, concerning the succession of Brechin, who said that “Jehan Berclay, the wif of scher David Flemyng, was ful systir til the last scher David Berclay umquhile lord of Brechyn” and that the couple had "twa douchtires, an callit Jonet an uthir Marioun, and Jonet bair Alexander of Seytoun, and Marioun Thomas de Maule, the quhilk decesit at the Harlaw", indicating that the witness had heard “my lord scher Thomas of Erskyn...and my lade Dam Jehan his wif, that was modir to David Stewart’s modir” say that “failyand of David Steuart and of his modir...Seytonis and Maulis war verra ayris to the Berclayis landis”, that “Alexandir of Seytoun...was sumtym purpost til haf mariet...with Elisobeth his daouchtir that was wif to Duncan of Wemys”[69]. m DAVID Fleming, son of ---.

2. DAVID Barclay (-after 9 Oct 1363). He is named as father of Hugh, and uncle of David (see above), in the charter cited below under his son. “David de Barclay dominus de Brechine” confirmed “terra de Dunmore” to “dominus Rogerus de Mortuomari miles” by charter dated 9 Oct 1363, witnessed by "...dominis Roberto de Erskyne tunc camerario Scotie, David de Grame et David de Fleming militibus, Alexandro de Lyndesay et David de Barclay avunculis nostris...”, quoted in a “Notoriall Transumpt” dated 23 Jan 1442[70]. m ---. David’s wife has not been identified. David & his wife had one child:

a) HUGH de Barclay (-after 18 Sep 1389). His parentage is confirmed by the following document. By undated charter (dated to after 1353) “Isabella de Fyfe domina eiusdem ac filia domina Duncani quondam comitis de Fyfe” confirmed the charter of “bone memorie domini David de Bercley domini de Breychyn”, quoted: “David de Berekley dominus de Breychyn” granted "terram...de Kyndestleiyth” to “consanguineo nostro Hugoni de Bercley, filio David de Berclay avunculi nostri" by undated charter[71]. "Hugo Barclay dominus de Kippo" donated revenue from "baronia nostra de Aryngosyk" to Perth Blackfriars by charter dated 18 Sep 1389[72].

BISSET

1. HENRY Bisset (-after 22 Sep 1196). "…Roll constabul, Philipp de Mubray, Willmo de Valloñ, Henr Biset, Thomas de Colville, Adam fil Herb, Ferg fratre Roll, Alexander de Finton" witnessed the charter dated 22 Sep (no year, but dated to after 1196) under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey made by "Walterus Corbet filius Walteri"[75].

2. JOHN Bisset [I] (-after 1214). "…Johe Biseth…" witnessed an undated charter (dated to 1204 by the editor of the Beauly cartulary[76]) under which "Henricus de Graham filius Petrus de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuch" to Newbattle abbey[77]. "Johannes Byseth" donated "ecclesie de Kyltalargy" to the church of Moray by undated charter, dated to after 1214, witnessed by "W fratre meo, H. Corbeth…"[78]. The dating of these charters is early for this John Bisset to have been the same person as John, younger brother of Walter Bisset, who is shown below.

3. MARGARET (-1242). Matthew of Paris records the death in 1242 of "Margareta Bisset"[79].

1. WALTER Bisset (-after [17 Jun] 1230). An assize dated [17 Jun] 1230 inquired if "Walter Biset father of Walter Biset” was seized of land “in Helse and a mill in Rochester”, and “Reginald de Cornulle...calls to warrant Arnulph Biset”[80]. m ---. The name of Walter’s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

a) WALTER Bisset . An assize dated [17 Jun] 1230 inquired if "Walter Biset father of Walter Biset” was seized of land “in Helse and a mill in Rochester”, and “Reginald de Cornulle...calls to warrant Arnulph Biset”[81].

2. ARNULF Bisset (-after [17 Jun] 1230). An assize dated [17 Jun] 1230 inquired if "Walter Biset father of Walter Biset” was seized of land “in Helse and a mill in Rochester”, and “Reginald de Cornulle...calls to warrant Arnulph Biset”[82].

[Four] brothers, parents not known, although they were presumably closely related to Henry Bisset and John Bisset [I]:

1. WALTER Bisset (-Arran 1252). "…Waltero Byset…Willelmo Byset…" witnessed the undated charter under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed rights of the priory of the Isle of May[83]. "…Waltero Byseth…Willelmo Byset…" witnessed the charter dated 19 Apr 1232 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the donation made to the church of Brechin by "Gylandrys Mac Lod"[84]. "…Johanne Biset, Waltero Biset…Willelmo Biset" witnessed the charter dated 7 Oct 1232 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed revenue from "molendinorum nostrorum de Inuernarn" to the hospital of Spey[85]. "Gaulterius Byseth" donated "ecclesiam suam de Cultir" to Kelso monastery by undated charter witnessed by "Dno Roberto cognato meo…"[86]. Lord of Aboyne, Aberdeenshire[87]. Matthew of Paris records that "Walterus Biset" murdered "Paterico filio Thomæ de Galeweia" after a tournament in 1242 and that Walter was allowed to go into exile by Alexander II King of England[88]. The Chronicle of Melrose records in 1243 that "John Biseth and his uncle Walter…were outlawed because (as fame reported) this John had murdered Patric de Athol"[89]. Henry III King of England granted the manor of Lowdham, Nottinghamshire to Walter Byset in Aug 1243[90]. The Chronicle of Melrose records that "the accursed traitor Walter Bisset" incited Henry III King of England to march north intending to invade Scotland in 1244, but a treaty of peace was concluded 24 Aug 1244[91]. A charter dated 24 Jun 1245 mandates "Maurice Fitz Gerald justiciary of Ireland to cause galleys from Ireland to be well equipped and sent to the king in Wales by counsel of Walter Byset and John Byset his brother"[92]. "Walter Byset" was granted "the manor of Ludham, to hold until he recover his lands in Scotland" dated 8 Dec 1246[93]. A charter dated 26 Mar 1248 granted to "Walter Byset, who has fortified a castle in Scotland…licence to buy corn in Ulster to provision it"[94]. "Walt Byseth…Nich Corbeth…" witnessed the charter dated 1249 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed "feodum de Muskilburg" to Dunfermline monastery[95]. "Walt Byset…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Jul 1251 under which "Gregorius de Maleville filiius Willi de Maleville" donated "ecclesiam de Malevill" to Dunfermline monastery[96]. The Inquisitions for Walter Bisset dated 1252 named Thomas his nephew as his heir[97]. m (1233) --- of Galloway, daughter of ROLAND Lord of Galloway & his wife Helen de Morville. The Liber Pluscardensis records the marriage in 1233 of "Alanus de Galwidia…sororem suam" and "Waltero de Biseth"[98]. The Chronicle of Melrose records in 1233 that "Alan of Galloway gave…his sister to Walter Biseth"[99].

2. JOHN BISSET [II] ([1190/1205]-before 1252). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 24 Jun 1245 which mandates "Maurice Fitz Gerald justiciary of Ireland to cause galleys from Ireland to be well equipped and sent to the king in Wales by counsel of Walter Byset and John Byset his brother"[100]. His birth date range is estimated based on the birth date estimated for his son. Lord of the Aird, residing either at Lovat or Beaufort, Inverness[101]. A bull of Pope Gregory IX dated 1231 confirms the foundation of Beauly priory (near Ross) by "Johannes Biseth"[102].

- see below.

3. WILLIAM Bisset (-after 7 Oct 1232). "…Waltero Byset…Willelmo Byset…" witnessed the undated charter under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed rights of the priory of the Isle of May[103]. "Willeilmus Byseth" donated "ecclesiam de Aberteth" to Beauly priory by charter dated to 1231, witnessed by "…Domino Johanne fratre meo…Hugone Corbet…"[104]. "…Waltero Byseth…Willelmo Byset…" witnessed the charter dated 19 Apr 1232 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the donation made to the church of Brechin by "Gylandrys Mac Lod"[105]. "…Johanne Biset, Waltero Biset…Willelmo Biset" witnessed the charter dated 7 Oct 1232 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed revenue from "molendinorum nostrorum de Inuernarn" to the hospital of Spey[106]. Andrew Bishop of Moray confirmed the donation of "decimas garbarum…infra parochiam ecclesiæ de Abertarf" to Beauly priory "juxta Beaufort" made by "Willelmus Byseth" by charter dated to 1242[107].

4. [--- Bisset . The father of Thomas Bisset may have been either John or William, brothers of Walter Bisset, who are named above. m ---. One child:

a) THOMAS BISSET (-after 1243). The Inquisitions for Walter Bisset dated 1252 named Thomas his nephew as his heir[108].

JOHN BISSET [II], son of --- Bisset & his wife --- ([1190/1205]-before 1252). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 24 Jun 1245 which mandates "Maurice Fitz Gerald justiciary of Ireland to cause galleys from Ireland to be well equipped and sent to the king in Wales by counsel of Walter Byset and John Byset his brother"[109]. His birth date range is estimated based on the birth date estimated for his son. Lord of the Aird, residing either at Lovat or Beaufort, Inverness[110]. A bull of Pope Gregory IX dated 1231 confirms the foundation of Beauly priory (near Ross) by "Johannes Biseth"[111]. "Willeilmus Byseth" donated "ecclesiam de Aberteth" to Beauly priory by charter dated to 1231, witnessed by "…Domino Johanne fratre meo…Hugone Corbet…"[112]. "…Johanne Biset, Waltero Biset…Willelmo Biset" witnessed the charter dated 7 Oct 1232 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed revenue from "molendinorum nostrorum de Inuernarn" to the hospital of Spey[113]. The Chronicle of Melrose records in 1243 that "John Biseth and his uncle Walter…were outlawed because (as fame reported) this John had murdered Patric de Athol"[114].

m firstly ---. The name of John’s first wife is not known.

m secondly AGATHA, daughter of ---. The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 records that "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago" held specified land in Ireland from Richard de Burgh and that before his death her "dowered Lady Agatha Byset his stepmother" in these lands[115].

John [II] & his first wife had one child:

1. JOHN Bisset [III] ([1215/25]-1259). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 27 Oct 1278 under which his daughters "heirs of John Biset junior deceased" appointed their husbands (see below) to receive their shares of their father’s lands[116]. His birth date is estimated on the assumption that his daughters were minors when he died. Lord of the Aird. A charter dated 27 Feb 1258 records an agreement between the bishop of Moray and "dominum Johannem Byseth" concerning "terre ecclesie de Cuneway et…in Ros…Herchelys", and property which John Bisset had claimed belonged to "terra sua de le Ard", witnessed by "…domino Roberto Biseth…"[117]. The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 records that "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago" held specified land in Ireland from Richard de Burgh, that before his death her "dowered Lady Agatha Byset his stepmother" in these lands, and names "William de Fenton and Cecilia his wife, Andrew de Bosco and Elizabeth his wife, and David de Graham and Muriel his wife…his daughters and of age" as his "nearest heirs"[118]. m ---. John & his wife had three children:

a) CECILIA Bisset ([1250/55]-). The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 names "William de Fenton and Cecilia his wife, Andrew de Bosco and Elizabeth his wife, and David de Graham and Muriel his wife…his daughters and of age" as "nearest heirs" of "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago"[119]. The chronology suggests that the three daughters of John Bisset were minors when their father died. A charter dated 27 Oct 1278 records that "Cecilia eldest daughter and one of the heirs of John Biset junior deceased" appointed "her husband William de Fentone" to receive her share of her father’s lands[120]. "Cecilia Bysath sponsa quondam domini Willielmi de Fentoun" donated "tertiam partem terræ de Altyr" to Beauly priory by undated charter, dated to after 1315, witnessed by "Domino Patricio de Grahame milite…"[121]. m WILLIAM de Fenton, son of ---.

b) ELIZABETH Bisset . The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 names "William de Fenton and Cecilia his wife, Andrew de Bosco and Elizabeth his wife, and David de Graham and Muriel his wife…his daughters and of age" as "nearest heirs" of "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago"[122]. A charter dated 27 Oct 1278 records that "Elizabeth another daughter [of John Biset junior deceased]" appointed "Andrew Boys her husband" to receive her share of her father’s lands[123]. "Andreas de Boscho et Elizabetha sponsa sua" donated "castrum nostrum de Eddir-dor" to Beauly priory by charter dated 14 Dec 1278[124]. "Elizabet Byseth filia…quondam domini Johannis Byseth, domina de Kelrevoch, sponsa quondam domini Andree de Bosco" granted "terram meam de Kelrevoch" to "Hugoni de Rose et Marie sponse sue filie mee" by undated charter[125]. "Elyzabet Bysheth sponsa quondam domini Andree de Bosco militis" surrendered "terras meas de Kelravoch" to John Balliol King of Scotland by charter dated to [1295][126]. m ANDREW de Boscho, son of --- (-before 1291).

c) MURIEL Bisset ([1255/59]-). The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 names "William de Fenton and Cecilia his wife, Andrew de Bosco and Elizabeth his wife, and David de Graham and Muriel his wife…his daughters and of age" as "nearest heirs" of "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago"[127]. Her marriage can be dated to before 1268: Balfour Paul cites a document dated 1292, which records that the husbands of Muriel and her two sisters had received from "William Wyscard or Wishart Archdeacon of St Andrews and Chancellor of the King" charters deposited by their late father, and notes that Chancellor Wishart became bishop of Glasgow in 1268[128]. A charter dated 27 Oct 1278 records that "Mulrella the youngest daughter [of John Biset junior deceased]" appointed "David de Graham her husband" to receive her share of her father’s lands[129]. m ([1267/68]) DAVID [IV] de Graham, son of [DAVID [III] de Graham & his wife Agnes ---] (-[Jul 1297/17 May 1298]).

2. ROBERT Bisset (-[1290/96]). A charter dated 27 Feb 1258 records an agreement between the bishop of Moray and "dominum Johannem Byseth" concerning "terre ecclesie de Cuneway et…in Ros…Herchelys", witnessed by "…domino Roberto Biseth…"[130]. Lord of Upsetlington, Berwickshire. "Robert Byseth dñs de Upsedilington" donated "hospitale sci Leonardi in territorio meo de Upsedilington iux Twede ex opposito de Horwerden" to Kelso monastery, with the consent of "Christiane uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Waltero Byseth…Will Byseth…"[131]. A writ dated 17 Mar 1290 ordered the chamberlain of Scotland to pay the fee due from "Roberto Byset militi"[132]. m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. "Robert Byseth dñs de Upsedilington" donated "hospitale sci Leonardi in territorio meo de Upsedilington iux Twede ex opposito de Horwerden" to Kelso monastery, with the consent of "Christiane uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Waltero Byseth…Will Byseth…"[133]. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Bisset . A charter dated Jun 1292 confirms the settlement of a dispute between Newbattle abbey and "dno Willo Byseth" concerning property "in tenemento de Merton"[134]. The Ragman Roll names "…William Byset…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[135]. A charter dated 10 Jun 1297 records the submission of "William Biset fuiz et heir Robt Byset qui mort est" to Edward I King of England[136].

3. JOHN Bisset . m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. "Christiana Byseth dna de Clerkynton juxta Kerinton in Laudonia…in viduitate mea" donated "ecclesie mee de Clerkynton", for the soul of "dni Johannis Byseth quondam mariti mei", by undated charter witnessed by "dnis Willo et Laurenco de Abyrnethy, Willo de Leuyngiston, Alex de Seton militibus…"[137]. John & his wife had one child:

a) WALTER Bisset . "Walterus Beset dns de Clerkyngton" confirmed the donation of "ecclesie de Clerkynton" made by "matris mee dna Christiana Beset filie quondam dni ---" by undated charter[138].

4. WALTER Bisset (-after 12 Dec 1304). The Ragman Roll names "…Wautier Byset…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[139]. "Walterus dictus Byseth…dño de Iossindru" donated property to Scone abbey by charter dated 12 Dec 1304[140].

CAMPBELL

This section has been completely rewritten, with input from Graham S. Holton leader of the Declaration of Arbroath Family History Project (see the Introduction to the present document). Analysing the early history of the Campbell family is particularly complex, considering the limited available primary source material and the conflicting perspectives provided by secondary sources. In line with the approach generally adopted in Medieval Lands, the following reconstruction starts from the basis of the primary sources. These include some sources referenced by Balfour Paul’s The Scots Peerage[141], the originals of which have not been found but which Balfour Paul describes in enough detail to provide confidence in the accuracy of his descriptions. On the other hand, Balfour Paul’s reconstruction of the early generations of the family should be used with caution as some of his conclusions are inconsistent with the documents. Earlier secondary source material has also been taken into account, in particular a manuscript entitled Ane accompt of the Genealogie of the Campbells, probably dated to soon after 1776 but the first half of which incorporates an earlier narrative which ends with Archibald Campbell 9th Earl of Argyll (who died 30 Jun 1685[142])[143]. The earliest parts of the Ane accompt, purporting to trace the family’s descent from King Arthur and before[144], are clearly legendary. Sellar reproduces “Duncansone’s Genealogie” of the Campbell family (dated to [1670/76]) which is based on the Ane accompt and suggests that the parts which record the descent from the late-13th century may be historically accurate[145]. It is at least clear that from the late-14th/early-15th centuries more of the information can be checked against primary source data, but many of the details from the late-13th and 14th centuries remain unverifiable. Reference to this unverified information has been included below in the hope that more primary sources may emerge against which it can be checked.

No overall reconstruction of the Campbell family in the late 13th century has been attempted, although possible family relationships, shown in Balfour Paul and the Ane Accompt, are highlighted below. As will be seen, Campbells are recorded in six different areas of Scotland, which suggests the existence of several different branches of the family (assuming that they all descended from a common ancestor, which is not verifiable).

1. GILLESPIC Campbell [of Stirlingshire] (-[1280]). Balfour Paul records that "Sir Gillespic or Archibald Campbell or Cambel...received in 1263, or held from the Crown, the lands of Menstrie and Sauchie, then in Stirlingshire"[146]. The Ane accompt says that Gillespic was son of “Dugald” (son of “Duncan”) and his wife “ffindoig daughter to Nachten mcGilmorie...”, and brother of Duncan [I] who is shown below[147]. These family relationships have not been corroborated. "Gillespic Cambel" witnessed the charter dated 1266 under which Alexander III King of Scotland erected the Burgh of Newburgh[148]. Balfour Paul says that Gillespic "is said to have died about 1280"[149]. He cites no source, but the date is consistent with his dating of the first charter in which Gillespic’s son Colin is named. m ---. No primary source has been found which names Gillespic’s wife. The Ane accompt records that he married “Efferick daughter to Coline foresd of Carrick”[150]. Balfour Paul says that "there was no Colin of Carrick known to history, and no corroborative evidence has been for found for [the] marriage"[151]. Sellar, noting that the marriage “has been generally disbelieved” (citing in particular Balfour Paul), highlights the existence of “Nicholas of Carrick...son of Duncan Earl of Carrick” (named in an undated charter cited in the Carrick chapter of the document SCOTLAND EARLS-Creations 1162-1398, and generally assumed to be the same person as Neil Earl of Carrick) and suggests that “a mistaken assimilation of the names Nicholas and Neill has led to confusion”. He indicates that the latinised “Nicholas” normally represents the name “Colin” (given to Gillespic’s son) and not “Neil”, which is generally rendered “Nigellus” in Latin. Sellar concludes that “the story of Gillespic’s marriage then is feasible. More than that, it is probable”[152]: if he is right, he married Efferic of Carrick, daughter of [Nicholas [Colin] of Carrick & his wife ---]. However, Sellar also discusses possible Gaelic origins of the Campbell family, noting in particular that Gillespic’s son Colin is probably identifiable as “Cailean Mór, from whom the style MacCailein Mór derives”[153]. Once the third language Gaelic is introduced into the problem, it is uncertain how a Gaelic-speaking 13th century monk would have translated Gaelic names into Latin. If that is correct, Sellar’s latinisation pattern for the names Neil, Colin and Nicholas would not necessarily apply. It is suggested that this possible origin of Gillespic’s should be treated with some caution until more source material emerges. In addition to referring to Efferic, Balfour Paul says that Gillespic’s wife "according to Douglas” was “Margaret, daughter of William Somervill baron of Carnwath", but also says that “no corroborative evidence has been found” for this marriage[154]. Gillespic & his wife had one child:

a) COLIN Campbell (-killed in battle String of Lorne [1296], before 28 Aug 1296, bur Kilchrenan on Lochawe, church of St Peter). His parentage is confirmed by the 1293 document cited below. Colin presumably died before the 28 Aug 1296 Ragman Roll, in which he is not named.

- see below.

1. DUNCAN [I] “Duf/Dubh” Campbell [of Kintyre] (-after 1293). “Duncan Duf” is recorded in 1293 in the sheriffdom of Kintyre[155]. Sellar suggests[156] that he was the same person who is recorded in the Ane accompt as Duncan “Dubh”, son of “Dugald” (son of “Duncan”) and his wife “ffindoig daughter to Nachten mcGilmorie...”, and brother of Gillespic who is shown above[157]. These family relationships have not been corroborated. It is uncertain whether Duncan [I] was the same person as either Duncan [II] or Duncan [III] who are shown below.

Five Campbells whose possible relationships to each other, and to the main Campbell line descended from Gillespic, have not been ascertained with certainty but are speculated upon by secondary sources as indicated below.

1. DUNCAN [II] Campbell [of the Isles] [of Argyll] (-after 28 Aug 1296, maybe after 1306). The Ragman Roll names "…Duncan Cambel del Illes…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296, in a group which includes some noble names but no other Campbells[158]. His separate entry in the Ragman Roll suggests that Duncan [II] was a different person from Duncan [III] who is shown below. No other connection has been found between the Campbell family and “the Isles”. Neither the Ane accompt nor Balfour Paul names Duncan [II]. [Robertson indexes a charter under which "Duncan Campbell" was granted "sundry lands in Argyle" by Robert I King of Scotland, so dated to after 1306[159], but it is not known whether this document relates to Duncan [II] or Duncan [III] (as indicated by Balfour Paul, see below[160]).]

2. ARTHUR Campbell [of the county of Perth] (-after 1306). The Ragman Roll names "…Dougal Cambel…Arthur Cambel…Duncan Cambel...del counte de Perth…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296, in a mixed group of people from different counties[161]. Presumably the order of the three names reflects their relative seniority to each other in the Campbell family. Their names being listed in the same group and their common connection with Perth suggest a family relationship. It seems that “...Dougal Cambel...” can be identified as Dugal son of Colin (see below). If that is correct, “...Arthur Cambel...Duncan Cambel” could have been his younger brothers or cousins. The Ane accompt names Arthur as son of Duncan “Dubh” and ancestor of “the house of Strachurr”[162], while Balfour Paul says that “Sir Arthur who...swore fealty to Edward I in 1296” was “another son assigned to Sir Colin [son of Gillespic], though the relationship is doubtful”[163]. Balfour Paul records that “Sir Arthur...likewise joined King Robert Bruce” (so dated to after 1306) from whom he obtained two charters of the “Constabulary of Dunstaffnage, and the mains thereof, whilk Alexander of Argyle had in his hands” (it is not clear from which source he is quoting) and also charters “of the three penny lands of Torrinturks, in Lorne, and others”[164]. John Maitland Thomson records “carta Arthuri Campbell de constabularia [custodia castri] de Dunstafage” and another “carta Arthuri Campbell de terris [constabularia castri] de Dunstafage” (both undated)[165]. same person as...? ARTHUR Campbell (-after 1331). Balfour Paul says that “Sir Arthur” sent a ship “to Tarbert while the castle was building in 1326, in which six men were dispatched to the King in Arran”, that he was named “in an Act of Parliament, 1331, as having a dispute with John Moray of Drumsargard, about some lands in Ayrshire” and that among the missing charters of David II is one to Arthur Cambell “quod nulli subjicitur pro terris nisi regi”[166]. The gap between the earlier sources and the earliest of these later references suggests the possibility of a different Arthur Campbell being involved.

3. DUNCAN [III] Campbell [of the county of Perth] [of Argyll] (-after 28 Aug 1296, maybe after 1306). The Ragman Roll names "…Dougal Cambel…Arthur Cambel…Duncan Cambel...del counte de Perth…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296, in a mixed group of people from different counties[167]. As noted above under Arthur, presumably the order of the three names reflects their relative seniority to each other in the Campbell family. Their names being listed in the same group and their common connection with Perth suggest a family relationship. As noted above, it seems that “...Dougal Cambel...” can be identified as Dugal son of Colin (see below). If that is correct, “...Arthur Cambel...Duncan Cambel” could have been his younger brothers or cousins. The Ane accompt does not name Duncan [III]. Balfour Paul names him as son of Colin[168]. [Robertson indexes a charter under which "Duncan Campbell" was granted "sundry lands in Argyle" by Robert I King of Scotland, so dated to after 1306[169]. It is not known whether this document relates to Duncan [III] (as indicated by Balfour Paul[170]) or Duncan [II] (who is ignored by Balfour Paul, see above).]

4. THOMAS Campbell [of the county of Perth] (-after 28 Aug 1296). The Ragman Roll names "…Thomas Cambel…tenantz le Roi du counte de Perth…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296, in a mixed group of tenants from different counties and no other Campbells[171]. Although in the same county as "…Dougal Cambel…Arthur Cambel…Duncan Cambel..." who are named elsewhere in the Roll, Thomas’s absence from their group suggests that he was not closely related to them. A seal attached to a “Fragment of homage” (undated) names “Thome Cambel”[172]. Neither the Ane accompt nor Balfour Paul names Thomas.

5. NEIL Campbell [of the county of Ayr] (-after 11 Jun 1297). The references to “Master” in the following sources indicate that Neil was a cleric. No indication has been found of his parentage. Neither the Ane accompt nor Balfour Paul names him. William Rishanger’s Annales Regiæ Scotiæ records “...Magister Nigellus Cambel...” among the arbitrators of the “Great Cause” in 1292 [173]. “...Master Nigel Cambel...” was named among those who delivered "articles...for the use of...Lady Isabella de Brus Queen of Norway" 25 Sep 1293[174]. The Ragman Roll names "…Mestre Neel Cambel…del counte de Are" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296 in a mixed group of people from Ayr (followed by signatories from other counties) and no other Campbells[175]. The Ragman Roll also names "…Mestre Neel Cambel…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296 in another group which includes few noticeably prominent noble names and no other Campbells[176]. It is not known whether the two references indicate the existence of two separate persons named “Mestre Neel Cambel” or whether the same person swore allegiance twice. Permission was delivered 11 Jun 1297 for “...Master Nigel Cambelle...” and others "going to Scotland on [their] affairs"[177].

The parentage of Donald Campbell is uncertain. Balfour Paul says that he was the son of Colin, son of Gillespic Campbell (see below)[178]. He cites a 16 Mar 1308 source, noted below, saying that Donald was named therein “with his brother Neil”: unfortunately, this document has not been found so it has not been checked to see if it specifies the family relationship. The Ane accompt records “Eun or Hew”, as another supposed brother of Gillespic and Duncan “Dubh” (see above) and possible ancestor of “the house of Lowdown”, implying (but not stating explicitly) that he was the father of Donald. Sellar says that this is “more doubtful”, suggesting that it is more probable that Donald Campbell was Neil’s brother “although the evidence is admittedly tenuous”[179]. Another potential difficulty seems to be that Donald was “of Dunbarton” in the Ragman Roll, in a separate group from the three Campbells who were “of Perth” in the same source. Donald being the only Campbell to seal the 6 Apr 1320 Arbroath declaration (see below) suggests that he was at that time the senior member of the family (either senior in age or senior by family descent).

1. DONALD Campbell [of the county of Dunbarton, later Forfar] (-after 6 Apr 1320). The Ragman Roll names "…Sire Dovenal Cambel del counte de Dunbretan…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296 in a mixed group of knights from different counties (no other Campbells)[180]. “...Sir Dovenald Cambel with 2 [knights/esquires?]...” is named in a document dated 8 Jan 1304 (N.S.), addressed to “Sir James de Dalylegh the K’s clerk” by "John Botetourte justiciar of Galloway, Annan", among those the latter “has retained” for “a foray on the enemy”[181]. “...Dovenald Cambel...knights...” is named among jurors at an inquisition 31 Aug 1304 into privileges claimed by "Robert de Brus earl of Carrick in Annandale"[182]. Balfour Paul records that Donald later “joined Bruce” and “with his brother Neil appended his seal to the letter from the magnates of Scotland to the king of France, 16 Mar 1308” in which “they declined to go on a proposed crusade till Scotland was free from war” (no source citation)[183]. King Robert I granted him “in the county of Forfar...half of the lands of Reid Castle, which he afterwards resigned to his son Duncan” and also “the lands quhilk is called Veneduloche or Benderloch in Lorne” (undated)[184]. “...Donald Campbell...” is named in and sealed the 6 Apr 1320 declaration of Arbroath[185]. m AMABILLA, daughter of ---. She is named in the reference to her son Duncan cited below. Donald & his wife had one child:

a) DUNCAN Campbell [of Forfar, later Kirkudbright] . As noted above, his father resigned his lands in Forfar to Duncan. "Duncan son and heir of Donald Cambel and Amabilla his wife" was granted lands in Borgus parish, co. Kirkcudbright by "Roland Ascolog or Magachen and Katarina his wife"[186]. m SUSANNA Crawford, daughter of ---. Balfour Paul records her family origin and marriage and says that the couple were ancestors of the Campbells of Loudoun[187]. The chronology suggests that Susanna could have been one of the two unnamed daughters of Andrew Crawford referred to in a document dated early Nov 1303 which records "Robert de Kethe" requesting the king to confirm his holding “the ward and marriage of the two daughters of Andrew de Crawford”, which he had bought from John Balliol King of Scotland, the document being endorsed “the king gave it to Sir Nigel Cambel”, while another attached document records “the said Robert prosecuted his petition” and the king appointing auditors who “prohibited Nigel from marrying the younger daughter till it should be discussed by the Council...but Nigel having married thereafter, was called before the Council for contempt” which he defended[188].

COLIN Campbell, son of GILLESPIC Campbell & his wife --- (-killed in battle String of Lorne [1296], before 28 Aug 1296, bur Kilchrenan on Lochawe, church of St Peter). His parentage is confirmed by the 1293 document cited below. "...Domino Colino Campbell..." witnessed the undated charter (dated to “about 1281” by Balfour Paul[189]) under which "domino Johanni de Luss" swore homage for "terra de Banwrith..."[190]. Colin supported Robert Bruce’s claim to the crown of Scotland in 1291[191]. "Colyn Cambel miles filius quondam dni Gylascop Kambel" guaranteed the donation to Newbattle priory made by "dni Willo de Lyndd filio quondam dni David de Lyndd" by charter dated 1293[192]. Balfour Paul says that Colin Campbell was killed in [1296] "in a contest with his powerful neighbour the Lord of Lorne at…the String of Lorne" and was buried "at Kilchrenan on Lochawe, at the church of St Peter the Deacon, where his tombstone may still be seen" (no source citation)[193]. Colin presumably died before the 28 Aug 1296 Ragman Roll, in which he is not named.

m ---. The name of Colin’s wife is not known. The Ane accompt says that Colin married “Janet daughter to Sir John Sinclair [of Dunglass]”[194]. This information has not been verified.

Colin & his wife had [five] children (in addition, Balfour Paul names Donald, died after 6 Apr 1320 see above, as another son):

1. NICOLAS Campbell (-[1304]). Balfour Paul records “Sir Neil” as the oldest son of Colin, noting the 17 Oct 1282 charter which names "…Nigello filio Colini Campbell…" (see below)[195]. However, that document appears to refer to Neil Campbell, not Nicolas, Andrew B. W. MacEwen highlighting the separate existence of the two brothers[196]. MacEwen’s suggestion is consistent with the apparent contradiction between “Neil” having defected to Robert Bruce’s Scottish cause in [1304] (see below) and the rights of Nicholas’s son and heir being respected by the English king in [1304/05]. “...Nicolaus Cambel...” is named among the auditors for Robert Bruce in the proceedings dated 5 Jun 1291[197]. Bailie of Lochawe and Ardskeodnish: King Edward I named “Nicho Cambel ballivo R de Leghor et Ardescothyn” in an order dated 10 Sep 1296[198]. A charter dated 10 Oct 1296 confirmed an undated charter (dated to [1290] by Balfour Paul[199]) under which "Richard de Burgo Earl of Ulster, lord of Connaught" granted "his castle and burgh del Roo" to "James the Steward of Scotland and Egidia his wife (the earl’s sister in frank marriage" witnessed by "…Sir Nicholas de Chambelle"[200]. The Ragman Roll names "...Nicol Cambel...knights" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[201]: Nicholas signed jointly with a group which included several Scottish earls and other prominent nobles (but no other Campbells), suggesting his seniority in the Campbell family. The following documents indicate that Nicholas died in [1304]: “John de Dovedale, to whom the king has given by charter Sir Nichol Cambel’s lands in fee, as his son and heir is under age” petitioned the king to “give him the ward of the infant’s lands till majority, and his marriage”, dated to [1304][202]. An order dated 25 Oct 1305 records "Ward of Nicholas Cambel’s land and marriage of his heir committed to John de Dovedala"[203]. m ---. No primary source has been found which names Nicholas’s wife. Nicholas & his wife had one child:

a) --- Campbell (-after 25 Oct 1305). He is referred to, but not named, as a minor in the [1304] and 25 Oct 1305 documents cited above under his father. Balfour Paul names Dugal Campbell as son of “Neil Campbell” (see below)[204]. MacEwen, when highlighting the separate existence of “Nicholas” and “Neil”, records Mariot Campbell (wife of Colin Campbell of Lochow, see below) as “great-granddaughter and sole heiress” of “Nicholas Campbell”[205]. If he is correct, Mariot would be the granddaughter of this unnamed heir of Nicholas who would have been Dugal. However, the 3 Aug 1323 document cited below records an agreement between "Dugallum Campbell filium Colin Campbell, militis" and "Dugallum filium Nigelli" concerning land "de Ardscodniche et advocationem ecclesie de Kilmartin"[206]. “Dugallum filium Nigelli” was Mariot’s grandfather (see below), but “filium Nigelli” indicates that he was the son of Neil not Nicholas (assuming that the name Neil/Nigellus is correctly distinguishable in Latin from Nicholas, as discussed above under Gillespic’s wife). If that is correct, no further reference has been found to the unnamed heir of Nicholas or to any other named Campbell who could be identified as him. This heir presumably died young.

2. NEIL Campbell (-[26 Apr 1315/1316]). "…Nigello filio Colini Campbell…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1282 under which "Willelmus de Kynmonde et filius et heres Agnetis filie quondam Willelmi dicti de Ketilstoune" donated "terre de Badyndath" to Cambuskenneth priory[207]. As noted above, MacEwen highlights the separate existence of “Nicholas Campbell” and his brother “Neil Campbell”[208]. MacEwen suggests that the latter was illegitimate (the basis for this suggestion has not been ascertained). The 17 Oct 1282 charter suggests that Neil would have been about the same age as his brother Nicholas. However, Neil is not recorded again in the sources for many years. One explanation for the long gap could be that the earlier Neil died and was later replaced by another son who was given the same name, maybe born to a different mother. Neil’s absence from the Ragman Roll may be explained by his youth, which would be consistent with this hypothesis of two sons being named Neil.

- see below.

3. DUGAL Campbell [of the county of Perth] (-after 3 Aug 1323). His parentage is confirmed by the 3 Aug 1323 charter cited below. [The Ragman Roll names "…Dougal Cambel…Arthur Cambel…Duncan Cambel...del counte de Perth…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296, in a mixed group of people from different counties[209]. Presumably the order of their three names reflects their relative seniority in the Campbell family. Their names being listed in the same group suggests a family relationship: if that is correct, maybe they are listed in descending order of age. “...Dougal Cambel...” could be identified as Dugal son of Colin: if that is correct, “...Arthur Cambel...Duncan Cambel” were his younger brothers or cousins as discussed above.] Robertson indexes charters under which "Dougall Campbell" was granted "sundry lands in Argyle", and 24 Jan 1312 "the Isle of Torsa" in Argyll and "the lands of Menstrie in vicecomit, de Clackamman", by Robert I King of Scotland[210]. Robertson indexes a charter dated 3 Aug 1323 which records an agreement between "Dugallum Campbell filium Colin Campbell, militis" and "Dugallum filium Nigelli" concerning land "de Ardscodniche et advocationem ecclesie de Kilmartin"[211].

4. [GILLESPIC Campbell . Balfour Paul names Gillespic as son of Colin Campbell, citing “Roseneath MS” with no other details about his life or the citation[212].]

5. [daughter . Balfour Paul says that Angus married "a daughter of Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow" but does not cite the corresponding primary source[213]. m ANGUS Macdonald Lord of the Isles, son of DONALD Lord of the Isles & his wife --- Stewart (-[1296]).]

NEIL Campbell, son of COLIN Campbell & his wife --- (-[26 Apr 1315/1316]). "…Nigello filio Colini Campbell…" witnessed the charter dated 17 Oct 1282 under which "Willelmus de Kynmonde et filius et heres Agnetis filie quondam Willelmi dicti de Ketilstoune" donated "terre de Badyndath" to Cambuskenneth priory[214]. As noted above, MacEwen highlights the separate existence of “Nicholas Campbell” and his brother “Neil Campbell”[215]. MacEwen suggests that the latter was illegitimate (the basis for this suggestion has not been ascertained). The 17 Oct 1282 charter suggests that Neil would have been about the same age as his brother Nicholas. However, Neil is not recorded again in the sources for many years. One explanation for the long gap could be that the earlier Neil died and was later replaced by another son who was given the same name, maybe born to a different mother. Neil’s absence from the Ragman Roll may be explained by his youth, which would be consistent with this hypothesis of two sons being named Neil. King Edward I granted the custody of lands in Cumberland of the heir of "Sir Hubert de Multon...also letters-patent empowering Margaret, Hubert’s widow, to marry him if she will" 13 Feb 1302 (N.S.) but revoked the grant before 8 Jan 1304 (N.S.) when the custody was with “Robert de Langeton”[216]. "Chevaliers...Neel Cambel..." is named in a roll of magnates who served under King Edward I at the siege of Stirling, dated 1303[217]. Neil is named in the documents dated early Nov 1303 quoted below under his [second] wife. He defected from the English king to join Robert Bruce some time in [1304/early 1306] as confirmed by an order dated 20 Jun 1306 which granted custody of the Multon heir to “Robert de Cardoill...[in] the king’s hands by reason of Nigel Cambel, to whom the said custody was formerly granted, having betaken himself to Scotland against the king”[218]. The Ane accompt records details of the career of “Sir Neill Campbell” in service to the Scottish king which have been unverified elsewhere[219]. Safe conduct was granted 21 Aug 1309 to "John de Menteth and Nigel Cambel knights, the Scottish envoys coming to treat with Richard de Burgo earl of Ulster"[220]. Robertson indexes an undated charter under which Robert I King of Scotland granted "all the lands quhilks were David Earl of Athole’s" to "Sir Neill Campbell and Mary his spouse sister to the king and John their son"[221]. Balfour Paul records that Neil “was one of the great Barons in the Parliament that met at Ayr 26 Apr 1315, when the succession to the crown of Scotland was settled” and says that “Sir Neil is said to have died before 1316” (no sources cited)[222].

m firstly --- (-before Dec 1301). The name of Neil’s first wife is not known, but the fact of this first marriage is confirmed by the likely birth date of his eldest son Colin before [1295/1300?] as shown below. Her early death is confirmed by the king’s licence dated 13 Dec 1301 for "Margaret late the wife of…Hubert de Multon" to marry "Nigel Cambel, if she will", at the same time as the grant of custody of the heir of the deceased to Neil Campbell[223]. The Ane accompt says that “this Sir Neill Campbell” married “also Margaret daughter of Sir John Cameron of whom he had a son called Dugald Campbell” (see below)[224]. This statement has not been verified, but the Ane accompt is clearly confused about Neil’s family as it also says that Mary Bruce was mother of his son Colin which is chronologically impossible.

[m secondly ([Nov 1303] [annulled?]) --- de Crawford, daughter of ANDREW de Crawford & his wife ---. A document dated early Nov 1303 records "Robert de Kethe" requesting the king to confirm his holding “the ward and marriage of the two daughters of Andrew de Crawford”, which he had bought from John Balliol King of Scotland, but which was endorsed “the king gave it to Sir Nigel Cambel” while another attached document records “the said Robert prosecuted his petition” and the king appointing auditors who “prohibited Nigel from marrying the younger daughter till it should be discussed by the Council...but Nigel having married thereafter, was called before the Council for contempt” which he defended[225]. It is not known whether this supposed marriage was annulled after the hearing before the Council.]

m [thirdly] ([1305] or [1312]) as her first husband, Lady MARY Bruce, daughter of ROBERT de Brus Lord of Annandale & his first wife Margaret Ctss of Carrick ([1273]-before 22 Sep 1323). Orders for the "farther…custody of the countesses of Carrick and Buchan, Marie and Christine the sisters, and Margerie the daughter, of Robert de Brus", specifying that "three of the ladies to be in kages", are dated 7 Nov 1306[226]. Her first marriage is confirmed by an undated charter indexed by Robertson under which Robert I King of Scotland granted "all the lands quhilks were David Earl of Athole’s" to "Sir Neill Campbell and Mary his spouse sister to the king and John their son"[227]. It is assumed that Mary’s first marriage took place after her release from custody in 1312, but it is not impossible that she was married before her imprisonment, which would date the marriage to [1305]: the career of the couple’s son John, noted below, would seem tight chronologically if he was born [1313/14]. She married secondly Alexander Fraser. Her second marriage and her date of death are confirmed by the 22 Sep 1323 charter under which Robert I King of Scotland granted land at Auchincarnie to "Alexandro Fraser militi" and "heredibus suis inter ipsum et quondam Mariam de Brwce sponsam suam, sororem nostram"[228].

Neil & his first wife had two children:

1. COLIN Campbell ([before 1295/1300?]-before 2 May 1343). Robertson indexes a charter [dated 10 Feb 1315[229]] under which Robert I King of Scotland granted "the lands of Lauchaw, Ardscodniche" to "Colini fil Nigelli Campbell"[230]. This date suggests Colin’s birth some time before 1300, to his father’s first wife. Balfour Paul records that Colin accompanied King Robert I to Ireland in 1316 and in 1334 "recovered from the English the castle of Dunoon, in Cowal, for which David II rewarded him with the hereditary keepership of the castle" (citing “a charter in the possession of the Duke of Argyll is quoted by Douglas”)[231]. Balfour Paul records that Colin died "before May 1343" (no source cited)[232]. m ---. Balfour Paul states that Colin Campbell "is said to have married Helena, daughter of Sir John Mor, son of the Earl of Lennox"[233]. This is presumably based on the Ane accompt which says that Colin married “Helena daughter to Sir John More whom Colvin supposes to have been the son of trhe Earle of Lennox”[234]. The accuracy of this suggestion is unknown, but the Ane accompt is clearly confused as in a later passage it records that [her son] “Gillespig More or Sir Archibald” married “Isobella daughter to Sir John Lamont, called Sir John More”[235]. “Sir John Mor/More” has not been identified in the Lennox family (see the document SCOTLAND, EARLS CREATED 1162-1398). Colin & his wife had three children:

a) ARCHIBALD [Gillespic] Campbell (-before 1394). David II King of Scotland granted "all the lands which by just right pertained to Dugall Cambell, brother of Gillespic" to "Gillespick Cambell, son of Sir Colin Cambell knight" by charter dated 4 Jul 1343[236].

- see below.

b) DUGAL Campbell (-after 4 Jul 1343). David II King of Scotland granted "all the lands which by just right pertained to Dugall Cambell, brother of Gillespic" to "Gillespick Cambell, son of Sir Colin Cambell knight" by charter dated 4 Jul 1343[237].

c) ALICE Campbell (-after 13 Jun 1371). Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage, citing a charter dated 13 Jun 1371 under which Robert II King of Scotland confirmed land “in Norton, in the barony of Ratho, in the country of Edinburgh” to the couple[238]. m ALLAN Lauder of Hatton.

2. DUGAL Campbell (-after 3 Aug 1323). Balfour Paul names Dugal Campbell as son of “Neil Campbell”[239]. The Ane accompt says that Neil married “also Margaret daughter of Sir John Cameron of whom he had a son called Dugald Campbell”[240]. On the other hand, MacEwen, when highlighting the separate existence of “Nicholas Campbell” and his brother “Neil Campbell” (see above), records Mariot Campbell (wife of Colin Campbell of Lochow, see below) as “great-granddaughter and sole heiress” of “Nicholas Campbell”[241]. However, the following document indicates that Dugal was in fact the son of “Neil” (assuming that the name Neil/Nigellus is correctly distinguishable in Latin from Nicholas, as discussed above under Gillespic’s wife): Robertson indexes a charter dated 3 Aug 1323 which records an agreement between "Dugallum Campbell filium Colin Campbell, militis" and "Dugallum filium Nigelli" concerning land "de Ardscodniche et advocationem ecclesie de Kilmartin"[242]. m MARGARET Glasreth, daughter of --- Glasreth of Glassary & his wife ---. Balfour Paul states that Dugal Campbell, son of Colin Campbell, "married Margaret, sister of John Glasreth of Glassary, and received with her lands in Glassry"[243]. It seems that Balfour Paul has incorrectly identified her husband’s father: MacEwen confirms that Mariot Campbell (wife of Colin Campbell of Lochow, see below) was “heiress of Menstrie and Ardskeodnish as well as of one third of Glassary (through her paternal grandmother)”, presumably indicating Margaret Glasreth[244]. Dugal & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN ["M’Cwill"] Campbell . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Balfour Paul names John as son of Dugal, and father of Mariot[245]. The Ane accompt says that “Dugald Campbell son to Sir Neill had a son called John...[who] had a daughter named Mary who was afterward maried to her own cousin Coline Iongantich”[246]. He is named "M’Cwill Cambel" in the 12 Mar 1440 charter quoted below under his daughter. m MARIOT of Glenurchy, daughter of JOHN of Glenurchy & his wife ---. David II King of Scotland granted "the whole land of Glenurquhay" to "Mariote of Glenurquhay, daughter of John of Glenurquhay and spouse of John Campbell" by charter dated 5 Apr 1358[247]. MacEwen confirms that Mariot Campbell (wife of Colin Campbell of Lochow, see below) was “heiress of...Glenurchy (through her mother)”[248]. John & his wife had one child:

i) MARIOT Campbell . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 12 Mar 1440 under which her grandson "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife"[249]. m (dispensation 1372) as his second wife, COLIN Campbell of Lochow, son of ARCHIBALD Campbell & his wife --- (-[1412/14]).

Neil & his [third] wife had one child:

3. JOHN Campbell ([1305/06] or [1313/14]-killed in battle Halidon Hill 19 Jul 1333). Robertson indexes an undated charter under which Robert I King of Scotland granted "all the lands quhilks were David Earl of Athole’s" to "Sir Neill Campbell and Mary his spouse sister to the king and John their son"[250]. His alternative birth dates are estimated from the possible marriage dates of his parents (see above), although if he was born in [1313/14] he would have been young for marriage in [1329]. Balfour Paul indicates that John succeeded his parents in the lands of Atholl, adding that "there can be no doubt he held the title of Earl of Atholl" based on his undated charter granting “the lands of Ballandro and Inverbervy, in the sheriffdom of the Mearns or Kincardine” to “Sir Roger Mortimer”, later confirmed by charter dated 31 Jan [1360][251]. m ([1329]) as her second husband, JOAN Menteith, widow of MALISE Earl of Strathearn, daughter of JOHN Menteith of Rusky & his wife --- (-after 20 Mar 1367). The Complete Peerage records her first marriage[252]. Her second marriage is confirmed by a Papal dispensation dated 11 Jul 1339 for her third marriage, which notes that it was required because of the relationship between her second and third husbands[253]. She married thirdly (Papal dispensation 11 Jul 1339) Maurice Moray Earl of Strathearn, and fourthly ([Nov 1346/Oct 1347], post-nuptial dispensation 9 Nov 1347[254]) as his second wife, William [IV] Sutherland Earl of Sutherland.

The primary sources which confirm the precise relationships between the following persons and the main Campbell family shown above have not been identified.

1. DUNCAN Campbell of Gaunan . "Duncanus comes de Levenax" granted "terras de Drumfad ester et Kyrkmychel westyr" to "Murdaco filio Malcolmi…domini de Leky" by undated charter witnessed by "Duncano Campbell domino de Gaunan, Alexandro de Levenax, Alano de Levenax, Waltero de Levenax, fratribus nostris…"[255].

2. IVAR Campbell . "Waltero de Fosselane, Willielmo de Galbraith, Murdaco fratre comitis de Levenax, Yvaro Campbell, Malcolmo filio Duncano" witnessed the undated charter under which "Donaldus comes de Levenax" granted land "de Eschend" to "Andree de Cunninghame"[256].

3. CHARLES Campbell (-after 14 Aug 1364). "Robert Erskine of that Ilk" gave "Colin Cambell son of Archibald Campbell of Lochow" the ward "and marriage of the lands of Menestrie, belonging to --- Cambell, son and heir of John Cambell of Menistre" by charter dated 14 Aug 1364[257]. "Robert Duke of Albany, Earl of Fyfe and Menteth, governor of Scotland" gave "the lands of Menstrie in the shire of Clackmannan…resigned by Charles Cambell" to "his…son Duncan Cambell of Lochow" by charter dated 18 Jan 1404, witnessed by "…John Stewart Earl of Buchan son of the grantor…Dougall and Donald Cambel brothers-german…"[258].

It should be noted that, from this point on, the account of the Campbell family in the Ane accompt is corroborated by more primary source material[259].

ARCHIBALD [Gillespic] Campbell, son of COLIN Campbell & his wife --- (-before 1394). David II King of Scotland granted "all the lands which by just right pertained to Dugall Cambell, brother of Gillespic" to "Gillespick Cambell, son of Sir Colin Cambell knight" by charter dated 4 Jul 1343[260]. Balfour Paul records his parentage “styled Lord of Arran and Knapdale” (no source cited)[261]. “Johannes de Menthet dominus de Cnappedol et de Aran” confirmed “terras...in Cnappodol...” to “consanguineo meo Gilleasbeg Cambel domino de Lochowo” by charter dated 29 Nov 1353[262]. The precise family relationship between the grantor and grantee has not been ascertained. “...Ghillaspie Cambel et Colinus filius suus...” were among those who confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1360 which records an agreement between “Johannem de Dromud” and “Johannem de Meneteth et Alexandrum de Meneteth, fratres quondam Walteri de Meneteth”, settling disputes after “dicti quondam Walteri de Meneteth, et Malcolmi ac Willelmi fratrum eiusdem” were killed by the Drummond family[263]. Balfour Paul cites other charters dated 29 Nov 1352, 11 Oct 1363, Jun 1368, 18 Feb 1369, 15 Mar [1368/69], and 24 May 1382 in which he was named, and says that he "died, apparently, before 1394" (no source cited)[264].

[m firstly ---. Balfour Paul states that Archibald Campbell is "said to have married first a daughter of Sir John Menteith, second son of Walter Stewart Earl of Menteith" but implies that there is no proof that this statement is correct[265].]

m [secondly] ISABELLA [Mary] Lamont, daughter of JOHN Lamont, third of that Ilk & his wife ---. The Ane accompt says that “Gillespig More or Sir Archibald” married “Isobella daughter to Sir John Lamont, called Sir John More”[266]. The marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 12 Mar 1440 under which her grandson "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife"[267].

Archibald & his [second] wife had three children:

1. COLIN Campbell of Lochow (-[1412/14]). “...Ghillaspie Cambel et Colinus filius suus...” were among those who confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1360 which records an agreement between “Johannem de Dromud” and “Johannem de Meneteth et Alexandrum de Meneteth, fratres quondam Walteri de Meneteth”, settling disputes after “dicti quondam Walteri de Meneteth, et Malcolmi ac Willelmi fratrum eiusdem” were killed by the Drummond family[268]. "Robert Erskine of that Ilk" gave "Colin Cambell son of Archibald Campbell of Lochow" the ward "and marriage of the lands of Menestrie, belonging to --- Cambell, son and heir of John Cambell of Menistre" by charter dated 14 Aug 1364[269]. "John de Prestwyk, son and heir of the deceased Mariot Garrechel" granted "half of the isle of Insalte in the barony of Lechaw" to "Colin Cambale, son and heir of Gyllaspic Cambale Lord of Lochaw" by charter dated 10 Sep 1375[270]. Robert Duke of Albany granted “the lands of Strathachy, within the barony of Cowal-Stewart” to “Colin Campbell Lord of Lochow” by charter dated 5 May 1404, witnessed by “Sir John Stewart of Derneley”[271]. m firstly (dispensation 1362, repudiated before 1372) CATHERINE of Lorn, daughter of ---. MacEwen records her family origin and marriage, noting that her husband repudiated her in order to marry Mariot[272]. m secondly (dispensation 1372) his second cousin, MARIOT Campbell, daughter of JOHN Campbell & his wife Mariot of Glenurchy. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 12 Mar 1440 under which her grandson "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife"[273]. Colin & his second wife had six children:

a) DUNCAN Campbell (-1453, bur Kilmun). "Robert Duke of Albany, Earl of Fyfe and Menteth, governor of Scotland" gave "the lands of Menstrie in the shire of Clackmannan…resigned by Charles Cambell" to "his…son Duncan Cambell of Lochow" by charter dated 18 Jan 1404, witnessed by "…John Stewart Earl of Buchan son of the grantor…Dougall and Donald Cambel brothers-german…"[274]. "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife" by charter dated 12 Mar 1440[275]. He was created Lord Campbell in 1445. "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariota daughter of M’Owill" by charter dated Mar 1440[276]. m firstly (before 18 Jan 1404) MARJORY Stewart, daughter of ROBERT Stewart Duke of Albany & his [first wife Margaret Graham Ctss of Menteith/second wife Muriella Keith] (-before Aug 1432). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 18 Jan 1404 under which "Robert Duke of Albany, Earl of Fyfe and Menteth, governor of Scotland" gave "the lands of Menstrie in the shire of Clackmannan…resigned by Charles Cambell" to "his…son [=son-in-law] Duncan Cambell of Lochow"[277]. No record has been found to indicate how many years before this date she may have married: it is not therefore possible to suggest whether Marjory was born from her father’s first or second marriage. Her marriage is also confirmed by the charter dated 12 Mar 1440 under which her grandson "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife"[278]. m secondly MARGARET Stewart, daughter of JOHN Stewart of Ardgowan and Blackhall & his wife ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 12 Mar 1440 under which her grandson "Sir Duncan le Cambel knight Lord of Lochawe" donated alms from "his lands of Ardenaslate" to the church of Dunovyng [Dunoon], for the souls of "his grandfather Celestin Cambel and Isabella Lamont [Laigmani] his lawful wife…Colin Cambel his father and Mariote filie M’Cwill Cambel matris quondam nostre…his late wife Marcellina Stewart and Margaret Stewart his present wife"[279].

- LORDS CAMPBELL, DUKES of ARGYLL[280].

b) JOHN Campbell . Balfour Paul states that John, son of Colin Campbell, was ancestor of "the old family of Barbreck and of Succoth"[281]. The Ane accompt records his parentage, noting that from him “descended the old house of Barbreck”[282].

c) COLIN Campbell of Ardkinglas (-after 6 May 1428). The Ane accompt records his parentage, noting that he had a son “John Reivach because he had spots and fernticles on his face” from whom “descended the house of Ardkinglas”[283].

d) DUGAL Campbell (-after 18 Jan 1404). "Robert Duke of Albany, Earl of Fyfe and Menteth, governor of Scotland" gave "the lands of Menstrie in the shire of Clackmannan…resigned by Charles Cambell" to "his…son Duncan Cambell of Lochow" by charter dated 18 Jan 1404, witnessed by "…Dougall and Donald Cambel brothers-german…"[284]. The Ane accompt records his parentage, noting that he was “of Over Lochow, inde Dunstaffnadge and his family”[285].

e) DONALD Campbell (-after 4 Aug 1442). "Robert Duke of Albany, Earl of Fyfe and Menteth, governor of Scotland" gave "the lands of Menstrie in the shire of Clackmannan…resigned by Charles Cambell" to "his…son Duncan Cambell of Lochow" by charter dated 18 Jan 1404, witnessed by "…Dougall and Donald Cambel brothers-german…"[286]. The Ane accompt records his parentage, noting that he “got the estate of Duntroon, from whom is the family of Duntroon”[287].

f) CHRISTIANA Campbell . "Duncanus comes de Levenax" confirmed the grant of "totas terras meas de Keanlochlong, Innerywach, Glenloyn et Portkebillis" to "Christiane Campbell filie domini Colini Campbell domini de Lochow sponse sue" by "Duncani Makfarlane filii et heredis quondam Malcolmi Makfarlane domini de Arrochar" by undated charter [dated to 1395[288]] witnessed by "domino Johanne Campbell decano de Ergyil, Duncano Campbell domino de Gaunan…"[289]. m DUNCAN Macfarlane, son of MALCOLM Macfarlane Lord of Arrochar & his wife ---.

2. DUNCAN Campbell . Balfour Paul states that Duncan, son of Archibald Campbell, is "said to be the ancestor of the family of Stronchormaig or Glenfeochan"[290]. The Ane accompt (naming him “Duncan Skeodnasach”) records his parentage, noting “from whom came McConochy of Stronehormage”[291].

3. ELLEN Campbell (-after 1434). The Ane accompt records her parentage and two marriages, naming her first husband “John McDonald Earle of Ross”[292]. Balfour Paul notes the chronological impossibility that the Earl of Ross was Ellen’s first husband[293]. The source which correctly identifies her first husband has not been found. m firstly JOHN Macdonald of the Isles, son of JOHN Macdonald Lord of the Isles & his first wife Eupheme (-before 30 Mar 1373). m secondly (dispensation to recontract marriage 30 Mar 1373) DUNCAN of Lennox, son of WALTER de Fasselane Earl of Lennox & his wife Margaret of Lennox (-executed Stirling Castle 25 May 1425, bur Church of the Friars Preachers). He succeeded as Earl of Lennox in 1385.

COLVILLE

1. WILLIAM de Colville (-after [1157/58]). The Pipe Roll 1157/58 records "William de Colewill" in Lincolnshire[295].

1. PHILIP de Colville . "Philippus de Colvill" donated "terre in Hetoun ex dono Galphridi de Percy et Henrici patris sui" to Dryburgh monastery by undated charter[296]. "…Philipp de Colevill…" witnessed the undated charter under which "W. Cumin" donated "terra…Mucraht…Kerkentulaht…Balain" to the church of Glasgow[297]. m ---. The name of Philip’s wife is not known. Philip & his wife had one child:

a) THOMAS de Colville (-1219). "…Tomas filius Philippi de Koleuile…" witnessed the undated charter under which Joscelin Bishop of Glasgow confirmed the donation to Melrose abbey made by "Huctred de Grubesheued et heredes ei"[298]. "…Roll constabul, Philipp de Mubray, Willmo de Valloñ, Henr Biset, Thomas de Colville, Adam fil Herb, Ferg fratre Roll, Alexander de Finton" witnessed the charter dated 22 Sep (no year, but dated to after 1196) under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey made by "Walterus Corbet filius Walteri"[299]. "Thomas de Colevilla cognomento Scot" donated "quartam partam de Almelidum…Keresban" to Melrose abbey by undated charter (dated to after 1200) witnessed by "…Alano filio Rolandi de Galewai, Fergus filio Uctredi, Edgaro filio Douenad, Dunkano filio Gilbti comite de Carric…"[300]. "…Thom de Collevill…" witnessed the charter dated 1 Mar [1200/02] under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donations made by "Willm Cumin" of "terra…Mucraht…Kerkentulaht…Balain" to the church of Glasgow[301]. The Chronicle of Melrose records in 1210 that "Thomas de Colville was taken prisoner and placed in confinement at Edinburgh, on account of the rebellion which he had been plotting against the king…as report had been generally stated" and that "at the feast of St Martin he redeemed himself"[302]. The Chronicle of Melrose records the death in 1219 of "Adam de Colville" [presumably an error for Thomas][303]. m ---. The name of Thomas’s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had seven children:

i) JOHN de Colville . His parentage is confirmed by the attestation of his granddaughter "domine Eustachie Lachene", dated 1316, relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye", which states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" had "duos fratres Willelmum…et Thomam"[304], read together with the sources quoted below which name William as the son of Thomas. m ---. John & his wife had one child:

(a) WILLIAM de Coleville (-[1280]). An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" was succeeded by "filius suus legitimus Willelmus", who married "filiam domini Johanis de Normanville" by whom he was father of "Thomam et Eustaciam istam"[305].

- see below.

ii) WILLIAM de Colville . "Willelmus de Coleville fil Thome de Colevill" donated "quartam partam de Almelidum…Keresban" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "T. patris mei et Ade uxoris mee", by undated charter dated to [1224][306]. "Willelmus de Collevill filius Thome de Collevill" confirmed the donation to Newbattle priory made by "dni Thome de Collevill patris mei" by undated charter witnessed by "Dno David de Lynddessay dno de Luffenauch, Willo de Lyndd dno de Lamberto…"[307]. m as her second husband, ADA, widow of JOHN Malherbe [Morham], daughter of --- (-after [1224]). "Ada matris Johannis de Morham" donated property to Newbattle priory, with the consent of "domini et viri mei Willi de Collewyll", by undated charter[308]. "Willelmus de Coleville fil Thome de Colevill" donated "quartam partam de Almelidum…Keresban" to Melrose abbey, for the souls of "T. patris mei et Ade uxoris mee", by undated charter dated to [1224][309].

iii) THOMAS de Colville . An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" had "duos fratres Willelmum…et Thomam", and that William claimed the church after Thomas died without heirs[310].

iv) daughter . An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" records that, after the death of "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille…fratres Willelmum", "sorores dicti Willelmi" claimed the church from their nephew, adding that they married "le Marechauz, alia le Mautalenz, tercia cum le Heronnz" and that the fourth "virgo mortua est"[311]. m --- Marshall, son of ---.

v) daughter . An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" records that, after the death of "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille…fratres Willelmum", "sorores dicti Willelmi" claimed the church from their nephew, adding that they married "le Marechauz, alia le Mautalenz, tercia cum le Heronnz" and that the fourth "virgo mortua est"[312]. m --- Maitland, son of ---.

vi) daughter . An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" records that, after the death of "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille…fratres Willelmum", "sorores dicti Willelmi" claimed the church from their nephew, adding that they married "le Marechauz, alia le Mautalenz, tercia cum le Heronnz" and that the fourth "virgo mortua est"[313]. m --- Heron, son of ---.

vii) daughter . An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" records that, after the death of "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille…fratres Willelmum", "sorores dicti Willelmi" claimed the church from their nephew, adding that they married "le Marechauz, alia le Mautalenz, tercia cum le Heronnz" and that the fourth "virgo mortua est"[314].

WILLIAM de Coleville, son of JOHN de Colville & his wife --- (-[1280]). An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" was succeeded by "filius suus legitimus Willelmus", who married "filiam domini Johanis de Normanville" by whom he was father of "Thomam et Eustaciam istam"[315].

m --- de Normanville, daughter of JOHN de Normanville & his wife ---. An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" was succeeded by "filius suus legitimus Willelmus", who married "filiam domini Johanis de Normanville" by whom he was father of "Thomam et Eustaciam istam"[316].

William & his wife had two children:

1. THOMAS de Colville (-[1320/24]). An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" was succeeded by "filius suus legitimus Willelmus", who married "filiam domini Johanis de Normanville" by whom he was father of "Thomam et Eustaciam istam"[317].

- LORDS COLVILLE of CULROSS[318].

2. EUSTACHIA de Colville (-after 18 Jul 1316). An attestation of "domine Eustachie Lachene" dated 1316 relating to "ecclesie de Oucheltrye" states that "avus suus dominus Johannes de Coluille" was succeeded by "filius suus legitimus Willelmus", who married "filiam domini Johanis de Normanville" by whom he was father of "Thomam et Eustaciam istam"[319]. m as his second wife, REGINALD Le Chen, son of --- (-before 1296).

COMYN

A family of Norman origin, they established themselves in Scotland during the reign of King David I. They acquired extensive political power, consolidated by land acquisition and by marrying the heiresses of two Scottish earldoms, although no member of the Comyn family was ever created an earl in his own right. The appointment of members of the family as two of the six guardians of the realm after the death of Alexander III King of Scotland in 1286 represented the summit of their political influence. The Comyn family maintained their position of power during the reign of King John Balliol, whose sister was married to John Comyn Lord of Badenoch. After the fall of John Balliol in 1296, the Comyn leaders were sent to England, although their fortunes had revived by 1302 when John Comyn was appointed sole guardian of Scotland. He also led negotiations for the Scottish submission to the English in early 1304. However, Robert Bruce's murder of John Comyn in 1306 marked the start of the family's political decline.

1. ROBERT Cumin (-killed in battle 28 Jan [1068/69]). Orderic Vitalis records that William I King of England “anno tertio regni sui” granted “Dunelmensem comitatum” to “Rodberto de Cuminis”, but that he was killed by the citizens on the first night he entered the town[320]. Simeon of Durham records that William I King of England sent "comitem Rodbertum cognomento Cumin" to administer "Northymbris as aquilonam plagam Tine" in the third year of his reign and that he was killed in battle "V Kal Feb"[321].

Two brothers, parents unknown.

1. WILLIAM Cumin [Comyn] (-[1160]). Of Norman origin, he was a clerk in the chancery of Henry I King of England from [1121]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo Cumino" in Warwickshire[322]. Archdeacon of Worcester from before 1133. He attempted to succeed Geoffrey Rufus as Bishop of Durham in 1141, supported by David I King of Scotland, but relinquished the claim in 1144[323]. The Continuatio of Simeon of Durham records that "Willelmus…Cumin" became Bishop of Durham "ex datione imperatricis" but was challenged in 1143[324].

2. --- CUMIN [Comyn] . m ---. The fact that one of her grandsons was called "Odinel" suggests that the wife of this unnamed brother of William Cumin may have been related to Odinel [I] de Umfraville. Three children:

a) WILLIAM Comyn (-killed Merrington 1144). The Continuatio of Simeon of Durham records that "juvenis miles Willelmus nepos Willelmi Cumin" attacked the church of St John at Merrington but was killed, in 1144[325]. He and his brothers established themselves at the Scottish court before 1140[326].

b) RICHARD Comyn (-[1179]). The Continuatio of Simeon of Durham records that "Ricardus nepos Willelmi Cumin frater illius Willelmi defuncti" was granted the castle of Allerton in 1144 as part of the arrangements which led to his uncle withdrawing his claims to the bishopric of Durham[327].

- see below.

c) WALTER Comyn (-after 1158). “R. Cumin” donated property to Hexham Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Hextildis”, by undated charter which names “fratrem meum Walterum”[328]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Waltero Comin ii m" in Warwick in [1158/59][329].

d) OSBERT Comyn (-1144). Osbert is named as fourth brother by Young in his genealogical table of the Comyn family (no sources cited)[330]. The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

1. WILLIAM Comyn (-after [1155/56]). The Pipe Roll 1155/56 records "William Cumin and John Marshall" in Norfolk, Suffolk, Leicestershire and Devonshire, and “William Cumin” in Hertfordshire, Somerset, Warwickshire[331].

2. JOHN Comyn (-after [1165/66]). The Pipe Roll 1157/58 records "John Cumin" in Somerset[332]. The Pipe Roll 1159/60 records "John Cumin" in Worcestershire[333]. The 1165/66 Pipe Roll records "John Cumin, 40s, of the debt of Walter Cumin" in Gloucestershire[334].

3. WALTER Comyn (-[before 1166]). The 1165/66 Pipe Roll records "John Cumin, 40s, of the debt of Walter Cumin" in Gloucestershire[335]. The entry suggests that John was the heir of Walter, who was deceased.

4. WILLIAM Comyn (-after [1167/68]). The 1167/68 Pipe Roll records "William Cumin" in “Hemelhampsteda [under Berchamsteda]”[336].

It is not known whether the following persons were related to the main Comyn family, but their connection with Normandy suggests that this might be the case:

1. BERNARD Comyn (-after [1180/82]). "…Bernardo Cumin…" subscribed the charter dated [1172/78] under which Henry II King of England granted concessions to the lepers at Mont-aux-Malades[337]. Henry II King of England confirmed the purchase of a house at Rouen, at the request of "Bernardi Cumin et Hawise uxoris sue et Willelmi filii sue primogeniti et aliorum liberorum suorum et Radulfi de Sancto Amando heredum Radulfi filii Stephani", by charter dated to [1180/82][338]. m HAWISE, daughter of --- (-after [1180/82]). Henry II King of England confirmed the purchase of a house at Rouen, at the request of "Bernardi Cumin et Hawise uxoris sue et Willelmi filii sue primogeniti et aliorum liberorum suorum et Radulfi de Sancto Amando heredum Radulfi filii Stephani", by charter dated to [1180/82][339]. Bernard & his wife had children:

a) WILLIAM Comyn . Henry II King of England confirmed the purchase of a house at Rouen, at the request of "Bernardi Cumin et Hawise uxoris sue et Willelmi filii sue primogeniti et aliorum liberorum suorum et Radulfi de Sancto Amando heredum Radulfi filii Stephani", by charter dated to [1180/82][340].

b) other children . Henry II King of England confirmed the purchase of a house at Rouen, at the request of "Bernardi Cumin et Hawise uxoris sue et Willelmi filii sue primogeniti et aliorum liberorum suorum et Radulfi de Sancto Amando heredum Radulfi filii Stephani", by charter dated to [1180/82][341].

RICHARD Comyn, son of --- Cumin [Comyn] (-[1179]). The Continuatio of Simeon of Durham records that "Ricardus nepos Willelmi Cumin frater illius Willelmi defuncti" was granted the castle of Allerton in 1144 as part of the arrangements which led to his uncle withdrawing his claims to the bishopric of Durham[342]. He was granted land in Tynedale, in south-west Northumberland, on his marriage, and acquired land in Peeblesshire and Roxburghshire. “R. Cumin” donated property to Hexham Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Hextildis”, by undated charter which names “fratrem meum Walterum”[343]. "Ric Cymyn" donated "ecclesiam de Lyntunruderie" to Kelso monastery, for the souls of "Henrici comitis dni mei et…Johis filii mei quorum corpa apud eos tumulant", by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "Hextild sponsa mea, Od filio meo…"[344]. "Ricardus Cumin" donated [Slapfeld] to Holyrood Abbey, with the consent of "Hestild uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by charter dated to [1166] witnessed by "…Odinello et Simone filiis meis…"[345]. William "the Lion" King of Scotland appointed him Justiciar of Scotland before 1173. He was one of the hostages for the performance of the Treaty of Falaise in Dec 1174[346]. "…David Olifard, Philippo de Valoniis camerario, Ricardo Cumyn" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland granted "unum plenarium tofftum" to Scone Abbey over its territories[347].

m ([1144/50]) as her first husband, HEXTILDA of Tynedale, daughter of [UHTRED Lord of Tynedale & his wife Bethoc of Scotland]. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Hextilde" as daughter and heiress of "Gothrik", son of "Dovenald filius Duncani filii Erici", and "Willelmo" as her son and heir[348]. However, in the Great Roll, John Comyn traced his descent from Bethoc, daughter and heiress of Donald[349]. This conflict in the claimant’s genealogy is suspicious. In any case, the chronology for Hextilda’s supposed descent from King Donald Bane is stretched to the limit of credibility. It is suggested that the supposed parentage of Hextilda should be treated with caution. “R. Cumin” donated property to Hexham Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Hextildis”, by undated charter which names “fratrem meum Walterum”[350]. "Ric Cymyn" donated "ecclesiam de Lyntunruderie" to Kelso monastery, for the souls of "Henrici comitis dni mei et…Johis filii mei quorum corpa apud eos tumulant", by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "Hextild sponsa mea, Od filio meo…"[351]. "Ricardus Cumin" donated [Slapfeld] to Holyrood Abbey, with the consent of "Hestild uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by charter dated to [1166] witnessed by "…Odinello et Simone filiis meis…"[352]. Hextilda married secondly (after 1179), as his second wife, her second cousin, Malcolm Earl of Atholl. Her second marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Hextildis comitissa de Eththetela” donated property to Rievall Abbey, for the soul of “domini mei Richardi Cumin”[353]. "Malcolmus comes de Athoil" donated "ecclesiam de Dul" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "Dunecano comite de Fif, Hextilda comitissa sponsa mea…Henrico et Dunecano filiis meis…"[354]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham lists (in order) "Hextild, Willelmus, Odenellus, Simon, Ricardus Cumin…", and in a later passage "Malcolmus filius Mal. et comes Athodlie, Hextilda filia Ucthredi uxor eius…"[355].

Richard Comyn & his wife had [six] children:

1. JOHN Comyn (-before [1160], bur Kelso Abbey). "Ric Cymyn" donated "ecclesiam de Lyntunruderie" to Kelso monastery, for the souls of "Henrici comitis dni mei et…Johis filii mei quorum corpa apud eos tumulant", by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "Hextild sponsa mea, Od filio meo…"[356].

2. WILLIAM Comyn (-1233 or after 12 Feb 1236). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Hextilde" as daughter and heiress of "Gothrik", son of "Dovenald filius Duncani filii Erici", and "Willelmo" as her son and heir[357]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham lists (in order) "Hextild, Willelmus, Odenellus, Simon, Ricardus Cumin…"[358]. He expanded the family's landed interests with acquisitions around Glasgow. The 1167/68 Pipe Roll records "Williuam Cumin" in “Hemelhampsteda [under Berchamsteda]”[359]. "…Willelmo Cumyn…" subscribed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scottorum" founded Lindores Abbey[360]. "…Willelmo Cuming…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Jul (no year) under which William King of Scotland donated "totam terram de Strathylaf" to Kinloss[361]. "…Com. Patricio, Will Cumin, Waltero de Lindes, Rog fil Henr……" witnessed the undated charter under which "David marescall dñi regis Scott" donated "piscarias meas de Thveda" to Melrose abbey[362]. The names of the witnesses suggest that the document should be dated to the late 12th century. He was appointed Sheriff of Forfar and in [1205] Justiciar of Scotia[363]. "Umfridus de Berkel" donated "terram de Balfeth" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…Will Cumyn…Ric fil Will Cumyn…"[364]. He succeeded as Earl of Buchan, de iure uxoris. "Willelmus Cumin comes de Buchan" donated revenue from property in "Inuermer" to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "Margerie uxoris nostre", by undated charter[365]. "Wills Cumyn comes et Margar sponsa sua comitissa de Buchan" donated "ecclesiam de Buthelny" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter[366]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, in [1210/11] (“Anno Regis Johannis XII”), records payments made by "Roberto de Mandeville" and "Willelmo Comin" in Wiltshire[367]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, in [1211/12] (“Anno Regis Johannis XIII”), records payments made by "Robertus de Mandeville et Robertus Maudut et Willelmus Comin" for 1 knight’s fee "quod [fuit] Gerardi Giffard" in Wiltshire[368]. An order dated 1220 records that, whereas “Andrew Giffard, who held the Barony of Fontil by hereditary right, was dead and had resigned the Barony temp. King John...to Robert de Mandeville, Robert Mauduit, William Cumin and William de Fontibus, as right heirs of the Barony”, the “vavassoria” were now delivered to “Robert de Mandeville and the other heirs above named”, Round discussing “vavassoria”[369]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1232, records payments made by "Robertus Maudut...Willelmus Comin...sed Robertus de Mandeville debet eois acquietare"[370]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1233 of "Willelmus Cumyn comes de Buchane" who founded "ecclesiam de Deer"[371]. "…Willelmo Cumyn comite de Buchan justiciar Scotie…Waltero Cumin…" subscribed the charter dated 12 Feb 1236 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to Kinloss[372]. m firstly (1200 or after) SARAH, daughter and co-heiress of ROBERT FitzHugh [Giffard] & his wife ---. "Willelmus Cumin" paid a fine for the marriage of "juniore filia Rob fil Hug" and part of her inheritance in Northamptonshire, dated 1200[373]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m secondly (1210 or before) [as her second husband,] MARGARET Ctss of Buchan, daughter of FERGUS Earl of Buchan & his wife --- (-[8 Apr 1242/1244]). "Margareta comitissa de Buchan…in…viduitatis mee" donated property to Aberbrothoc, as "comes Fergus pater meus" had done, by undated charter[374]. The Complete Peerage dates this charter to "before 1199" and uses this as the basis for her supposed first marriage[375]. "Wills Cumyn comes et Margar sponsa sua comitissa de Buchan" donated "ecclesiam de Buthelny" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter[376]. "Willelmus Cumin comes de Buchan" donated revenue from property in "Inuermer" to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "Margerie uxoris nostre", by undated charter[377]. "Margeria comitissa de Buchan" donated revenue from property in "Inuermer" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter, presumably dated to after her husband’s death as he is not named in the document, witnessed by "…Roberto Cumyn…"[378]. Earl William & his first wife had [six] children:

a) RICHARD Comyn (-[1244/49]). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Rychard and Waltyre" as the sons of "Willame Cwmyn"[379]. "Umfridus de Berkel" donated "terram de Balfeth" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…Will Cumyn…Ric fil Will Cumyn…"[380].

- see below.

b) WALTER Comyn (-Nov 1258). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Rychard and Waltyre" as the sons of "Willame Cwmyn", adding that Walter was "Erle off Monteth"[381]. "…Willelmo Cumin comite de Buchan…Waltero Cumin, Jordano Cumin…" witnessed the charter dated 28 Jun (no year) under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed a donation by "Ricardo Reuel" to Balmerino Abbey[382]. He was granted the lordship of Badenoch in 1229[383]. "Walterus Cumyn comes de Menteith et Margaretta comitissa uxor comitis Henrici…" donated property to Cupar abbey by charter dated 9 Aug 1232 "coram nobis Isabell comitissa, heres legittima Atholiæ…post obitum domini sui Thomæ comitis de Galawayea"[384]. "…Willelmo Cumyn comite de Buchan justiciar Scotie…Waltero Cumin…" subscribed the charter dated 12 Feb 1236 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to Kinloss[385]. He succeeded as Earl of Menteith, de iure uxoris. "Walterus Cumyn filius Willelmi Cumyn" made a donation to Scone abbey by undated charter[386]. Matthew of Paris records that "Walterus Cumin comes in Scotia" died in 1258 after falling from his horse[387]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1258 of "Walterus Comyn comes veteranus de Menteth veneno uxoris suæ"[388]. m (before 9 Aug 1232 or [30 Jun 1233/9 Jan 1234]) as her first husband, ISABEL Ctss of Menteith, daughter of [MAURICE Earl of Menteith & his wife ---] (-[Jan 1264/1272]). The Complete Peerage dates Isabel’s marriage to Walter Comyn to “seemingly between 30 Jun 1233 and 9 Jan 1233/4”[389]. However, the couple’s marriage before 9 Aug 1232 would best explain Walter being named “comes de Menteith” in the charter of that date cited above. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1258 of "Walterus Comyn comes veteranus de Menteth veneno uxoris suæ" and that the following year his wife married "cuidam ignobili militi Angligenæ Johanni Russel"[390]. The Complete Peerage indicates the date range of her death[391].

c) [JORDAN Comyn . "…Willelmo Cumin comite de Buchan…Waltero Cumin, Jordano Cumin…" witnessed the charter dated 28 Jun (no year) under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed a donation by "Ricardo Reuel" to Balmerino Abbey[392]. It is not known whether the witnesses Walter and Jordan were sons of William Comyn Earl of Buchan but this appears probable.]

d) JEAN Comyn . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m WILLIAM Earl of Ross, son of FERQUHARD MacTaggart Earl of Ross & his wife --- (-Earl's Allan May 1274).

e) [JOHN Comyn (-in France 1242). No information has been found on the parentage of John Comyn. It is probable that he was another son or grandson of William Comyn Earl of Buchan. He succeeded as Earl of Angus, de iure uxoris. The Chronicle of Melrose records the death in 1242 of "John Cumin earl of Angus…in France"[393]. m as her first husband, MATILDA Ctss of Angus, daughter of MALCOLM Earl of Angus & his wife Mary Berkeley. The Complete Peerage records her first marriage without citing the corresponding primary source[394], although it is implied from the Chronicle of Melrose which records the death in 1242 of "John Cumin earl of Angus…in France"[395].]

f) DAVID Comyn (-[1244/7 Aug 1247]). "…Domino A. Cummyng, domino David Cummyng…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldovenus comes de Levenax" granted land "in Levenax…Buthernockis et…Kyncaith" to "Wilielmo filio Arthuri filii Galbrait"[396]. m ISABEL de Valoignes, daughter of WILLIAM de Valoignes Chamberlain of Scotland & his wife Loreta de Quincy (-before 17 Apr 1253). "Henry de Balliol and Lora his wife, David Cumin and Isabel his wife, and Piers de Maudue and Christine his wife, had livery of the lands which Christine, late the wife of W. Earl of Maundeville had held from the king in chief" dated 25 May 1233[397]. "Ysabella de Valloñ dña de Killebrid" donated "terre de Dalkarn" to the church of Glasgow, for the souls of "dñi DD Comyn mariti mei iam defuncti", by undated charter witnessed by "dño W. de Valloniis fratre meo, W. de Mortuo Mari decano…"[398]. A writ dated 17 Apr "37 Hen III", after the death of "Isabel de Valoynes alias de Valoiniis" names "William Comin alias de Valoynes her son age variously stated as 16 and 17 is her heir"[399]. David & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM Comyn of Kilbride ([1236/37]-before 9 Feb 1282 [O.S.?]). A writ dated 17 Apr "37 Hen III", after the death of "Isabel de Valoynes alias de Valoiniis" names "William Comin alias de Valoynes her son age variously stated as 16 and 17 is her heir"[400]. Inquisitions after a writ dated 9 Feb "11 Edw I" following the death of "William Comyn of Scotland...” name “John his son aged 18 is his next heir”[401]. m as her first husband, EUPHEMIA, daughter of --- (-before Jan 1289). The Inquisitions after the death of "Eufemiæ quæ fuit uxor Willelmi Comyn de Killebridge" are dated 27 Jan 1289, 7 Feb 1289 and 10 Mar 1289, and name "Johannes filius dicti Willelmi et dictæ Eufemiæ…heres ipsius Eufemiæ" aged 23[402]. She married secondly as his second wife, Andrew Moray. The Fine Roll 25 May 1289 states that "Eufemia quæ fuit uxor Willelmi Comyn de Kyrkebride" married "Andreæ de Murreve sine licentia regis"[403]. A charter dated 11 Nov 1286 records redress sought by the six Guardians of Scotland from the Guardian of England for "Sir Andrew de Moray and Euphemia his wife"[404]. William & his wife had two children:

(a) JOHN Comyn ([1263/64]-before 1315). Inquisitions after a writ dated 9 Feb "11 Edw I" following the death of "William Comyn of Scotland...” name “John his son aged 18 is his next heir”[405]. The Inquisitions after the death of "Eufemiæ quæ fuit uxor Willelmi Comyn de Killebridge" are dated 27 Jan 1289, 7 Feb 1289 and 10 Mar 1289, and name "Johannes filius dicti Willelmi et dictæ Eufemiæ…heres ipsius Eufemiæ" aged 23[406]. A charter dated 16 Feb 1290 records an inquiry as to the residence of "Johannes Comyn filius et heres Willelmi Comyn de Kilbride" at the death of his father, a note on the reverse of the document recording that witnesses swore that he was "ad castrum de Kilbride in Scota" at the time and for two years previously[407].

(b) EDMUND Comyn (-killed in battle Bannockburn 23 Jun 1314). A charter dated 16 May 1296 names "…Edmund Comyn of Kilbride…" among those captured at Dunbar castle (27 Apr 1296[408]) and sent to Nottingham castle[409]. A charter dated 9 Aug 1297 records the submission of "Esmon Comyn de Kylebryde" to Edward I King of England[410]. A charter dated 29 Jun 1298 records the forfeiture of the lands of "Edmundus Comyn et Henricus de Chartres" to the king[411]. m MARIA, daughter of ---. Edmund & his wife had two children:

(1) EUPHEMIA Comyn . m WILLIAM La Beche .

(2) MARIA Comyn .

William Comyn & his second wife had six children:

g) ALEXANDER Comyn (-[1 Jan/5 Apr] 1290). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Alysawndyr that Erle wes off Buchane" as "the thryd brothyr" of "Rychard and Waltyre", sons of "Willame Cwmyn"[412]. He succeeded his mother in [1244] as Earl of Buchan. "Alex Cumyn comes de Buchan" confirmed the donation of property in "Inuerinhe" made by "bone memorie Willi patris nostri et Margarie matris nostre" to St Andrew’s priory, by undated charter witnessed by "…Jacobo de Lascelles…"[413].

- EARLS of BUCHAN.

h) WILLIAM Comyn .

i) FERGUS Comyn (-after [1270/82]). "Willelmus de Lewyngston" confirmed the donation of "molendini sui de Salehton" made by "dominus Fergusys Cumyn miles quondam dominus de Gorgyn predecessor mei", reciting the charter of the latter (dated to [1260]) which was witnessed by "Serlone de Setona et Alex filio suo", by charter dated Mar 1328 witnessed by "Dominis Alex de Seton…militibus…"[414]. "Alexandro Comyne comite de Bochane iusticiario Scocie, Fergusi fratre eius, Malcolmo de Moravia tunc vicecomite de Perth…Ranulpho de Laceles…Willielmo de Moravia filio domini Malcolmi de Moravia, Duncano filii Fergusii, Lorne fratre eius…" witnessed the charter dated to [1270/82] under which Malise Earl of Strathearn granted property to "domino Malisio de Logy, filio quondam domini Malisii senescalli de Stratherene"[415].

j) IDONEA Comyn . Balfour Paul says that William Comyn Earl of Buchan granted "the lands of Huchtercule in Mar" to Gilbert de Hay on his marriage with his daughter, commenting that the charter in question was transcribed in 1628 by Sir James Balfour but appears no longer to exist[416]. "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter[417]. m (before 1233) GILBERT de Haye, son of DAVID de Haye & [his first wife Ethen ---] (-after 1258).

k) AGNES Comyn . m PHILIP de Fedarg . He was the founder of the family of Meldrum of Meldrum[418].

l) ELIZABETH Comyn (-[1265/66]). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death, dated to [1265/66] from the context, of "comitissa de Mar, soror comitis de Buchania"[419]. m as his first wife, WILLIAM Earl of Mar, son of DUNCAN Earl of Mar & his wife --- (-before 25 Jul 1281, maybe before Jan 1279).

3. ODINEL Comyn (-after [1166]). "Ric Cymyn" donated "ecclesiam de Lyntunruderie" to Kelso monastery, for the souls of "Henrici comitis dni mei et…Johis filii mei quorum corpa apud eos tumulant", by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "Hextild sponsa mea, Od filio meo…"[420]. "Ricardus Cumin" donated [Slapfeld] to Holyrood Abbey, with the consent of "Hestild uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by charter dated to [1166] witnessed by "…Odinello et Simone filiis meis…"[421]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham lists (in order) "Hextild, Willelmus, Odenellus, Simon, Ricardus Cumin…"[422].

4. SIMON Comyn (-after [1166]). "Ricardus Cumin" donated [Slapfeld] to Holyrood Abbey, with the consent of "Hestild uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by charter dated to [1166] witnessed by "…Odinello et Simone filiis meis…"[423]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham lists (in order) "Hextild, Willelmus, Odenellus, Simon, Ricardus Cumin…"[424].

5. [ROBERT Comyn . "Margeria comitissa de Buchan" donated revenue from property in "Inuermer" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter, presumably dated to after her husband’s death as he is not named in the document, witnessed by "…Roberto Cumyn…"[425]. The parentage of Robert Comyn has not yet been identified. He may have been the donor’s brother-in-law.]

6. [IDONEA Comyn . "Willelmus Comyn comes de Buchane" granted "Ydonis sorore mea in…maritagium Blith et Ingolneston" to "Ade fil Gilberti" by undated charter[426]. Given the death of Richard Comyn in [1179], and the marriage of William Comyn (which brought him the earldom of Buchan) in "1210 or before", Idonea must have been older than usual at the time of this marriage. Another possibility is that "sorore" in this document is an error for "filie", and that Idonea was William’s daughter rather than his sister. "Christiana quondam filia Ade filii Gilberti" donated "totam terram meam de Ingolistum" to the church of Glasgow, for the souls of "dni Ade filii Gilberti patris mei et Ydonee matris mee et…dni Henrici filii et heredis mei et uxoris sue et puerorum suorum…dni Walteri Cumyn et dni Alexi comiti de Bochan et dni Johis Comyn…" by undated charter[427]. m ADAM, son of GILBERT & his wife ---.]

1. --- Comyn . m ---, sister of RALPH, daughter of ---. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by an assize held on [26 Apr] 1210 enquiring whether "Ralf avunculus of Richard Cumin was seized in a carucate of land in Hundeby at his death...[who appointed] his sister Richard’s mother as his heirs" and “Hugh abbot of Jedburgh” relating to the donation of “the advowson of the church of Bastenethwait” made by “Waldef son of Gosepatric father of Cristiana”[428]. Two children:

a) --- Comyn (-before 1204). His parentage is confirmed by an assize held on [26 Apr] 1210, enquiring whether "Ralf avunculus of Richard Cumin was seized in a carucate of land in Hundeby at his death...[who appointed] his sister Richard’s mother as his heirs", which asserts that “Richard had an elder brother, who had a son, whose sons yet live”[429]. m ---. One child:

i) --- Comyn (-before 1204). His parentage is confirmed by an assize held on [26 Apr] 1210, enquiring whether "Ralf avunculus of Richard Cumin was seized in a carucate of land in Hundeby at his death...[who appointed] his sister Richard’s mother as his heirs", which asserts that “Richard had an elder brother, who had a son, whose sons yet live”[430]. m ---. Children:

(a) sons Comyn . Their parentage is confirmed by an assize held on [26 Apr] 1210, enquiring whether "Ralf avunculus of Richard Cumin was seized in a carucate of land in Hundeby at his death...[who appointed] his sister Richard’s mother as his heirs", which asserts that “Richard had an elder brother, who had a son, whose sons yet live”[431].

b) RICHARD Comyn (-after [3/5] Jan 1204). "Richard Cumin has letters of protection from the K [John] until he returns from his journey to Jerusalem", dated [3/5] Jan 1204[432].

2. WILLIAM Comyn (-[1210/14 Feb 1224]). "Dño Willo Cumyn de Suttenfeld…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to [1210], under which "Willelmus Comyn comes de Buchane" granted "Ydonis sorore mea in…maritagium Blith et Ingolneston" to "Ade fil Gilberti"[433]. m as her first husband, EVA, daughter of --- (-after 14 Feb 1224). Henry III King of England granted letters of conduct to "Eva que fuit uxor Willelmi Cumin" dated 14 Feb 1224[434]. She married secondly (1224) John de Mar. Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Johannes de Mat et Eua uxor eius" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo" for "terciam partem duarum parcium de Suttefeldia ut dotem ipsius Eue unde Willelmus Cumin quondam vir suus"[435]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Johannes de Mar et Eua uxor eius" against "Robertum de Mandeuilla" for "terciam partem quarte partis uille de Suttona…et terciam partem quarte partis uille de Dorcet…et…de Alesfordia in com. Warr. ut dotem suam, unde Willemus Cumin quondam vir eiusdem Eue eam dotavit"[436].

3. WALTER Comyn (-after [1 Jun] 1225). m MARGERY, daughter of [--- de Limesey] & his wife Isabella --- (-after [19 Jun] 1221). "Hameria wife of Walter Cumin of Hunderschete in the county of Somerset" made a claim against “Ralf de Limesie”, dated [19 Jun] 1221, which also names her husband[437]. Court papers dated [1 Jun] 1225 record a claim by "Ralf de Limesi” against “Walter Cumin and Margery his wife” for “three parts of a knight’s fee in Saperton” and that “Isabella, mother of the said Ralf and Margery, acknowledges that she claims nothing therein but dower”[438]. The legal disputes between Margery and her brother suggest that they may not have been full siblings, maybe born from two marriages of their mother.

1. WILLIAM Comyn (-[after 24 Jul 1236]). m MARGERY, daughter of --- (-before 24 Jul 1236). King Henry III commanded "Alicia de Moyun” not to dispose of “the ward of the land which William Cumin held of her as the heritage of Margery his wife” because of the disputed succession, dated 24 Jul 1236[439]. The relationship, if any, between Margery and Alice de Mohun née Briwere has not been traced. William & his wife had one child:

a) MARGERY Comyn (-after 24 Jul 1236). King Henry III, seeing that "Alicia de Moyun has deceived him by the suggestion that there was another lawful heir to the manor of Sturton than Margery daughter of William Cumin”, ordered the sheriff of Warwick “to give Alicia seizin as custodian to cause John de Cantilupe and the said Margery his wife to have such seizin”, dated 24 Jul 1236[440]. m JOHN de Cauntelo, son of [WILLIAM [II] de Cauntelo & his wife ---] (-after 24 Jul 1236).

RICHARD Comyn, son of WILLIAM Comyn Earl of Buchan & his first wife Sarah FitzHugh (-[1244/49]). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Rychard and Waltyre" as the sons of "Willame Cwmyn"[441]. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Ricardo" as son and heir of "Willelmo"[442]. "Willelmus Cumyn comes de Buchane" confirmed the donation of "unam petra cere anuatim" to the church of Glasgow by undated charter witnessed by "Ric Cumyn fil meo, Adam fil comit de Buhchan, Willo fil Robto de Hasting…"[443]. "Umfridus de Berkel" donated "terram de Balfeth" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…Will Cumyn…Ric fil Will Cumyn…"[444].

m ---. The name of Richard’s wife is not known.

Richard & his wife had three children:

1. JOHN Comyn "the Red" (-1277). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Johanni" as son and heir of "Ricardo", son of "Willelmo"[445]. Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Jhon Red Cwmyn" as son of "Rychard Cwmyn"[446]. Justiciar of Galloway. He succeeded his uncle Walter Earl of Menteith in 1258 as Lord of Badenoch. He also claimed the Earldom of Menteith, as his uncle's heir, and seized his uncle's widow and her second husband in 1261[447]. He served Henry III King of England, was captured at the battle of Lewes in 1264 and was granted land in England. He, however, supported Simon de Montfort against the English king, his English lands being forfeited[448]. m firstly EVA, daughter of ---. Eva is shown as first wife of John Comyn "the Red" by Young in his genealogical table of the Comyn family (no sources cited)[449]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Andrew MacEwen refers to evidence which "suggests a double marriage alliance…about 1240 between Sir Walter fitz Alan II and Richard Comyn by which the Steward’s son and heir Alexander married Comyn’s daughter Joanna, while Comyn’s son and heir John married Sir Walter’s daughter Eva", but he does not cite the nature of the evidence in question[450]. m secondly ([1265/70]) ALICE [de Lindsay of Lamberton, daughter of WALTER de Lindsay & his wife Christiana ---] (-after 18 Nov 1279). Records of pleas and assises at Werke in Tyndale dated 18 Nov 1279 name "Alicia widow of John Comyn whose lands are worth 400 marks yearly" among "ladies who are and ought to be in the king’s gift"[451]. Balfour Paul suggests that her parentage is confirmed by her possession of Ulseby and her son John Comyn (presumably indicating John Comyn "the Black") being guardian of Sir Alexander Lindsay, son of her supposed sister Margaret and David de Lindsay[452]. However, the chronology suggests that John Comyn "the Black" was the son of John Comyn’s first wife. Considering the birth of her supposed father Walter de Lindsay in [1231/33], it is unlikely that Alice could have married John Comyn before [1265] at the earliest. John Comyn & his [first] wife had ten children (it is possible that some younger children were born from John Comyn’s second marriage, but the difficulty of estimating their dates of birth makes it difficult to identify which children these may have been]:

a) WILLIAM Comyn (-after 3 Mar 1279). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Willo" as son and heir of "Johanni", son of "Ricardo", son of "Willelmo", adding that the first named William died without heirs and was succeeded by "isti Johanni…fratr et heredi"[453]. Lord of Kirkintiloch. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the lawsuit at York in 1272 between "Johannem Comyn" and "Walterum Bullok pro comitatu de Menteth", adding that "Willelmus filius ipsius Johannis" had married "filiam comitissæ prioris"[454]. "Iohannes Cumyne filius bone memorie quondam domini Iohannis Cumyne" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1278, witnessed by "Dominis Willelmo et Alexandro fratribus nostris…"[455]. m as her first husband, ISABEL Russell, daughter of JOHN Russell & his wife Isabel Ctss of Menteith (-1306 or after). "Isabella wife of William Comyn…in Scotland" appointed two attorneys in the English courts for two years by charter dated 3 Mar 1279[456]. King Edward I granted to "William Comyn and Isabella his wife" rent from "Grocene, which the late John Russel, father of Isabella, whose heir she is, held by knight’s service of William de Monte Caniso" by charter dated 8 Jan 1291[457]. She married secondly Edmund de Hastings of Inchmahome.

b) JOHN Comyn "the Black" (-Lochindorb Castle 1302). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Willo" as son and heir of "Johanni", son of "Ricardo", son of "Willelmo", adding that the first named William died without heirs and was succeeded by "isti Johanni…fratr et heredi"[458]. He succeeded his father in 1277 as Lord of Badenoch.

- see below.

c) ALEXANDER Comyn (-after 27 Jul 1296). "Iohannes Cumyne filius bone memorie quondam domini Iohannis Cumyne" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1278, witnessed by "Dominis Willelmo et Alexandro fratribus nostris…"[459]. The Ragman Roll names "Alexander Comyn" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Elgyn in Moray 27 Jul 1296[460]. m as her second husband, EVA, widow of ALEXANDER de Moray, daughter of --- (-after 3 Sep 1296). A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Eva ‘uxor’domini Alexandri Comyn de Badenaghe", who was captured "apud Dunbar", who requested restoration of "terræ de dote domini Alexandri de Morreve, quondam viri sui"[461].

d) JOHN Comyn junior (after 1258-[1295]). Records of pleas and assises at Werke in Tyndale dated 18 Nov 1279 includes an inquiry into property held by "John Cumyn senior brother of John Cumyn junior […a minor]…after the death of Sir John Cumyn father of these brothers", awarding the land to John Comyn junior, and if he died "in minority without heir of his body, [to] Robert Cumyn his uterine brother", providing for payments to "Alicia, Robert’s sister if then unmarried"[462].

e) ROBERT Comyn (-1306). Records of pleas and assises at Werke in Tyndale dated 18 Nov 1279 includes an inquiry into property held by "John Cumyn senior brother of John Cumyn junior […a minor]…after the death of Sir John Cumyn father of these brothers", awarding the land to John Comyn junior, and if he died "in minority without heir of his body, [to] Robert Cumyn his uterine brother", providing for payments to "Alicia, Robert’s sister if then unmarried"[463]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "dominus Robertus Comyn" was wounded when defending "consanguinei sui domini Johannis Comyn" from the attack against him when meeting Robert Bruce Earl of Carrick "IV Id Feb" in 1305 (O.S.)[464].

f) ALICE Comyn . Records of pleas and assises at Werke in Tyndale dated 18 Nov 1279 includes an inquiry into property held by "John Cumyn senior brother of John Cumyn junior […a minor]…after the death of Sir John Cumyn father of these brothers", awarding the land to John Comyn junior, and if he died "in minority without heir of his body, [to] Robert Cumyn his uterine brother", providing for payments to "Alicia, Robert’s sister if then unmarried"[465]. It is not known whether Alice was the same person as one of the unnamed daughters who are shown below.

g) daughter . Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "the Red Cwmyn" had four daughters, of whom the eldest married "Rychard Sward"[466]. m RICHARD Siward, son of ---.

h) daughter . Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "the Red Cwmyn" had four daughters, of whom the second married "Godfray…Mowbray" by whom she had "a swne…Willame, John the nest…Rogere…Phylipe the knycht…the fyft…Godfray", adding that the fifth son "efftyr Bankburne, as I herd say…in Ingland he tuk…off the Frere Prechowris the habyte"[467]. m GEOFFREY de Mowbray, son of ---.

i) daughter . Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "the Red Cwmyn" had four daughters, of whom the third married "Alysawndyr off Argayle" by whom she had "Jhon off Lorne…Ewyn off Lorne"[468]. m ALEXANDER Macdougall Lord of Argyll, son of EWEN Lord of Argyll & his wife ---.

j) daughter . Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "the Red Cwmyn" had four daughters, of whom the fourth married "the Lord…off Murrawe" by whom she had "Andrew off Murrawe, that efftyr that wes at the Bryg off Stryvelyne slayne"[469]. m as his first wife, ANDREW de Moray, son of WALTER de Moray & his wife --- (-[6 Nov 1297/10 Nov 1300]).

k) daughter . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by Letters of inquisition, after the death of "Lady Willelma, daughter of the late Sir William Douglas", are dated 30 Dec 1303 and record that "Sir John Comyn grandfather of the present Sir John Comyn" gave land at "Dalserfe to Sir William de Galbrathe in frank marriage with his daughter, and that the said Sir William gave it ot his son in frank marriage" with the deceased[470]. m WILLIAM Galbraithe, son of ---.

2. WILLIAM Comyn .

3. RICHARD Comyn (-after 1264). "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "…Ricardo Cumyn filio Ricardi Cumyn…"[471]. Imprisoned by Henry III King of England, Margaret Queen of Scotland (the English king's daughter) appealed for his release in 1264[472].

JOHN Comyn "the Black", son of JOHN Comyn Lord of Badenoch & his first wife Eva --- (-Lochindorb Castle 1302). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "dñi Johannis Comyn" name "Willo" as son and heir of "Johanni", son of "Ricardo", son of "Willelmo", adding that the first named William died without heirs and was succeeded by "isti Johanni…fratr et heredi"[473]. Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil names "Jhon the Blak Cwmyn" as son of "Jhon Red Cwmyn"[474]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Johannes filius Johannis Comyn" was knighted by King Alexander in 1267 "apud Berwicum"[475]. He succeeded his father in 1277 as Lord of Badenoch. "Iohannes Cumyne filius bone memorie quondam domini Iohannis Cumyne" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1278, witnessed by "Dominis Willelmo et Alexandro fratribus nostris…"[476]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the appointment of "domino Willelmo Fraser episcopo Sancti Andreæ, Duncano comite de Fyfe, et Johanne Comyn comite de Buchan, ex parte boreali aquæ de Forth, Roberto episcopo Glasguensi, domino Johanne Comyn, et Jacobo senescallo Scotiæ, ex parte australi eiusdem" as the six guardians of the realm after the death in 1286 of King Alexander III[477]. He was one of the claimants to the throne of Scotland in 1291, 9^th in order on the Great Roll of Scotland, his claim being as a descendant of Donald Bane King of Scotland through his paternal great-grandmother Hextilda, who was the king's granddaughter. Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "Jhon the Blak Cwmyn" died "at Lowchyndorb"[478].

m ALIANORE [Mary/Marjory] Balliol, daughter of JOHN de Balliol of Barnard Castle, co Durham & his wife Devorguilla of Galloway. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Johannes de Balliolo…filiam…Marjoriam, sororem…Johannes regis" married "Johanni Comyn"[479]. Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "Jhon Blak Cwmyn" married "Jhon the Ballyollis douchtyr…that he gat on Derworgyll"[480].

John & his wife had two children:

1. JOHN Comyn "the Red" (-murdered Dumfries 10 Feb 1306). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Johannem" as the son of "Johannes de Balliolo…filiam…Marjoriam, sororem…Johannes regis" and her husband "Johanni Comyn", adding that he was killed "apud Dumfries" by "Robertus de Bruce, qui postea fuit rex"[481]. He succeeded his father in 1302 as Lord of Badenoch. He was appointed sole guardian of Scotland in 1302 and led negotiations for the Scottish submission to the English in early 1304. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the murder "IV Id Feb" in 1305 (O.S.) of "Johannem de Red Comyn" when meeting Robert Bruce Earl of Carrick[482]. m JEANNE de Valence, daughter of GUILLAUME de Lusignan "de Valence" Lord of Pembroke & his wife Joan de Munchensy. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including an order of restoration of land at Tyndale to "sa cosine dame Johane femme monsieur Johan Comyn le fiz"[483]. A charter dated 26 Mar 1298 records King Edward I’s mandate for "consanguinueæ nostræ Johannæ uxori Johannis Comyn de Badenaghe junioris…cum liberis suis consanguineis nostris" to come to London[484]. John & his wife had [four] children:

a) JOHN Comyn (-killed in battle Bannockburn 23 Jun 1314). He succeeded his father in 1306 as Lord of Badenoch. m as her first husband, MARGARET Wake, daughter of JOHN Wake of Liddel, Cumberland, Lord Wake & his wife Joan --- ([1299/1300]-from the Black death 29 Sep 1349). She married secondly Edmund "of Woodstock" Earl of Kent. She succeeded her brother in 1349 as Baroness Wake. John & his wife had one child:

i) ADOMAR Comyn ([1314/15]-1316).

b) [ADOMAR Comyn (-after Aug 1296). The Ragman Roll names "…Eymer Comyn…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[485].]

c) ELIZABETH Comyn (1 Nov 1299-20 Nov 1372). m firstly ([24 Jul 1326/23 Mar 1327]) RICHARD Talbot, son of GILBERT Talbot & his wife Anne le Botiler of Wem, Shropshire ([1305]-23 Oct 1356). He was summoned to parliament 27 Jan 1332, whereby he is held to have become Lord Talbot. m secondly ([21 Feb 1358/16 Feb 1361]) JOHN Bromwych (-before 20 Sep 1388).

d) JOAN Comyn (-1326). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Johannem…Comyn…filiam" married "David comiti Atholiæ"[486]. m DAVID de Strathbogie Earl of Atholl, son of JOHN of Strathbogie Earl of Atholl & his wife Margaret of Mar (-28 Dec 1326).

2. WILLIAM Comyn .

1. WALTER COMYN (-killed in battle Annan 16 Dec 1332). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Waltero Comyn…militibus" was among those killed when King Edward Balliol was defeated "XVII Kal Jan" in 1332 at Annan[487].

CORBET

The relationship, if any, between this Corbet family and the Corbet family in Shropshire (see the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY) has not yet been established. A connection is suggested by the fact that "…Robertus Corbet…" witnessed two charters which are dated to the reign of Alexander I King of Scotland[488], and also because no further trace has been found in England of Robert Corbet’s son Robert after [1141/42].

1. WALTER Corbet (-after [1200]). "...Walter Corbet..." witnessed the charter dated to [1166] under which William King of Scotland confirmed the grant of property to “Robert de Brus”[489]. "…Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey[490]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated "tenementum meum de Colpinhope in territorio de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Roberto et Gauterio filiis meis…"[491]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated property "in territorio ville de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Dna Asa coniuge mea, Rob et Gautio filiis meis…"[492]. "…W. patre meo Corbet…Willo Corbet…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Robertus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey[493]. m ASA de Umfraville, daughter of GILBERT de Umfraville & his wife ---. "Gauterius Corbet" donated property "in territorio ville de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Dna Asa coniuge mea, Rob et Gautio filiis meis…"[494]. Her parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Robertus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey, for the soul of "avi mei Gilebti de Umframvilla"[495]. Walter & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT Corbet . "Robertus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey, for the soul of "avi mei Gilebti de Umframvilla", by undated charter witnessed by "…W. patre meo Corbet…Willo Corbet…"[496]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated "tenementum meum de Colpinhope in territorio de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Roberto et Gauterio filiis meis…"[497]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated property "in territorio ville de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Dna Asa coniuge mea, Rob et Gautio filiis meis…"[498].

b) WALTER Corbet of Mackerston . "Walterus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey, for the soul of "avi mei Gilebti de Umframvilla…et…mea et Alicie sponse mee", by undated charter witnessed by "…W. patre meo Corbet…Robto Corbet fratre meo…Willo Corbet…"[499]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated "tenementum meum de Colpinhope in territorio de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Roberto et Gauterio filiis meis…"[500]. "Gauterius Corbet" donated property "in territorio ville de Schottun" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200], witnessed by "Dna Asa coniuge mea, Rob et Gautio filiis meis…"[501]. m ALICE de Valognes, daughter of ---. "Walterus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey, for the soul of "avi mei Gilebti de Umframvilla…et…mea et Alicie sponse mee", by undated charter[502]. "Cristina filia Walteri Corbet" donated a serf to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "Willi filii comitis Patricii mariti mei et Aliiz de Valoniis matris mee", to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "Walteri Corbet patris mei et Aliz de Valoniis matris mee et W. filii comitis Patricii mariti mei", by undated charter[503]. Walter & his wife had two children:

i) CHRISTIANA Corbet (-1241, bur Melrose Abbey[504]). "Wills fil comitis Patricii de Dunbar" donated "Colpinhope cum molendino" to Kelso monastery, with the consent of "Cristiane sponse mee…filie et heredis Walteri Corbet", by charter dated to [1230][505]. An undated charter records a claim by "dñi Willi filii dñi Patricii comitis de Dunbar…et Christiane Corbet uxor eius" relating to "terra de Cliftona"[506]. "Cristina filia Walteri Corbet" donated a serf to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "Willi filii comitis Patricii mariti mei et Aliiz de Valoniis matris mee", to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "Walteri Corbet patris mei et Aliz de Valoniis matris mee et W. filii comitis Patricii mariti mei", by undated charter[507]. m WILLIAM de Dunbar, son of PATRICK Earl of Dunbar & his first wife Ada of Scotland (-1253[508]).

ii) ALICE Corbet . "Wills filius comitis Patricii et Cristina Corbet sponsa eius" confirmed the donation made by his wife to St Andrew’s, with the consent of "dni Dunecani filii comitis Dunec et dne Aliz Corbet uxoris eius" donated serfs to St Andrew’s priory, by undated charter[509]. m DUNCAN Macduff, son of DUNCAN Macduff Earl of Fife & his wife ---.

2. WILLIAM Corbet . "…W. patre meo Corbet…Willo Corbet…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Robertus Corbet filius filie Gilebti de Umframvilla" donated "elemosina quondam parte terre mee in territorio de Cliftun" to Melrose abbey[510].

3. RICHARD Corbet . "…Ricardo Corbet…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to [1213/28], under which "Comes Malcolmus de Fyffe" confirmed "terram…de Levingstoun…et…de Hirmanstoun", which "idem Willelmus de me tenuit", to "Archebaldo de Douglas filio Willelmi de Douglas"[511].

4. HUGH Corbet (-after 1231). "Johannes Byseth" donated "ecclesie de Kyltalargy" to the church of Moray by undated charter, dated to after 1214, witnessed by "W fratre meo, H. Corbeth…"[512]. "Willeilmus Byseth" donated "ecclesiam de Aberteth" to Beauly priory by charter dated to 1231, witnessed by "…Domino Johanne fratre meo…Hugone Corbet…"[513].

The precise relationship between Nicholas Corbet and Alexander III King of Scotland (charter dated 1255, see below) has not been ascertained:

5. NICHOLAS Corbet (-after 1255). "Robto de Ros, David de Graham…Willelmo filio comitis, Henrico de Graham, Nicholao Corbeth, Waltero filio Walterii senescalli, Roberto filio comitis…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to before 1232, under which "Patricius comes de Dunbar" reached agreement with Melrose abbey about "terra sita in territorio de Halsingtune"[514]. "Nicholaius Corbet" donated "piscarias meas…in flumine de Tweda" to Melrose abbey, for the health of "sponse mee Margarete", by undated charter, confirmed by another charter of Alexander II King of Scotland dated 6 Feb 1228[515]. "Walt Byseth…Nich Corbeth…" witnessed the charter dated 1249 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed "feodum de Muskilburg" to Dunfermline monastery[516]. “Nicholao Corbet consanguineo domini nostri regis Scotiæ” was appointed for a mission in England by charter dated 1255[517]. m MARGARET, daughter of --- (-after 6 Feb 1228). "Nicholaius Corbet" donated "piscarias meas…in flumine de Tweda" to Melrose abbey, for the health of "sponse mee Margarete", by undated charter, confirmed by another charter of Alexander II King of Scotland dated 6 Feb 1228[518].

6. NICHOLAS Corbet (-[10 May 1275/24 Feb 1280]). "Nicholas Corbet" appointed agents to pursue his claim to part of "the heritage of Avelina late wife of Edmund the king’s brother of the heritage of Muntfichet" by charter dated 10 May 1275[519]. m as her first husband, MARGERY de Laval, daughter of HUGH de Laval & his wife Matilda --- (-after 30 May 1281). Inquisitions after a writ dated 24 Feb "9 Edw I" following the death of "Maud sometime the wife of Hugh de Valle alias Laval" name “Philippa the wife of Roger de Lancaster and Margery late the wife of Nicholas Corbet are her next heirs and of full age. The said Hugh begot four sons of the said Maud, who died before her death”[520]. A charter dated 30 May 1281 sworn to King Edward I by "Margery widow of Nicholas Corbet, cousin and one of the heirs of Richard de Montfichet" for land they held under Richard’s inheritance now restored to her by the king[521]. It is unclear from this document whether the relationship with Richard Montfichet was through Nicholas or his wife, although the restoration of the land in question to her suggests that she may have been the heiress. The relationship with the Montfichet family (see the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY) has not yet been traced, but presumably either Nicholas or his wife was descendant from one of the sisters of Richard (who died in 1267). She married secondly (after 1 Nov 1281) Ralph FitzWilliam. King Edward I granted leave to "Ralf fitz William" to marry "Margery widow of Nicholas Corbet" by charter dated 1 Nov 1281[522].

7. ADAM Corbet (-after Aug 1296). The Ragman Roll names "…Adam Corbet…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[523].

8. ALEXANDER Corbet (-after 1315). "Patricius de Graham" donated "tertiam partem meam terræ de Altre" to Beauly priory by undated charter, dated to [1315/25], which names "nobilis memoriæ dominus Johannes Byseth…domini David patris mei", witnessed by "…Alexandro Corbuyt, Alano de Lasculis"[524].

DRUMMOND

According to Europäische Stammtafeln, the eldest son of András I King of Hungary went to Scotland in 1055, where he is alleged to have been the ancestor of the Drummond family[525]. If that is correct, it is surprising that this Hungarian origin is not mentioned either in The Complete Peerage[526] or in Burke's Dormant and Extinct Peerages[527]. It is stated in Burke's Peerage & Baronetage[528] that the Drummond family "allegedly migrated from Hungary to Scotland in the 11th century" but no details of the alleged ancestry are given earlier than Malcolm Drummond (early 14th century). In any case, it is unclear why the king of Hungary's eldest son, whose eventual succession prospects must have been good despite the rule of primogeniture not having been established to govern the Hungarian succession, would have left his country in this way. Balfour Paul recounts the tradition that "Maurice, a Hungarian of noble birth" commanded the Dromond, the ship which took Edgar Ætheling and his sisters into exile in Scotland in [1067], was rewarded with lands, and was ancestor of the family which adopted its name from the vessel[529]. The earliest surviving record of the legend appears to be William Drummond’s 1681 History[530], followed and embellished in the early 19th century by David Malcolm[531], although it is unclear how the narrative has survived into modern secondary sources. As noted below, the earliest surviving primary source record of the Drummond ancestry dates from the 13th century.

1. MALCOLM Beg (-after [1250]). "…Malcolmo Beg…" witnessed the charter dated 3 Mar 1238 under which "Maldoney comes de Levenax" donated property to Paisley monastery[532]. "…Malcolmo Beg, Johanne filio suo…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldouney comes de Levenax" granted property to "domino David de Grame"[533]. m ---. The name of Malcolm’s wife is not known. Malcolm & his wife had [two] children:

a) [MALCOLM de Drummond (-after 1301). "…Malcolmo de Drummond…" witnessed the charter dated 14 Feb 1273 under which "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" confirmed the lands of the church of Kilpatrick[534].] m ---. The name of Malcolm’s wife is not known. Malcolm & his wife had [two] children:

i) [GILBERT de Drummond (-[killed in battle Dupplin 12 Aug 1332]). “Murdacus comes de Meneteth” granted “occidentalem dimidietatem ville de Buchchoppill...infra comitem nostrum de Meneteth” to “Gilberto de Drommond”, withe successive succession to “Matildem sponsam suam...Elene filie predicti Gilberti...Elysabeth soror predicte Helene...Johanna soror predicte Elysabeth...Anabilla soror predicte Johanne”, assuming that none of the daughters had masculine heirs, by charter dated to [1330][535]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. She is named in the [1330] charter cited under her husband. Gilbert & [his wife: note that the [1330] document does not state that Matilda was their mother] had four children:

(a) ELLEN de Drummond . She is named in the [1330] charter cited under her father.

(b) ELIZABETH de Drummond . She is named in the [1330] charter cited under her father.

(d) ANNABELLA de Drummond . She is named in the [1330] charter cited under her father.

ii) MALCOLM de Drummond (-after 1346). m ---. The name of Malcolm’s wife is not known. Malcolm & his wife had three children:

- see below.

b) JOHN de Drummond (-after Oct 1304). "…Malcolmo Beg, Johanne filio suo…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldouney comes de Levenax" granted property to "domino David de Grame"[536]. m ELENA, daughter of --- (-after 11 Oct 1304). Land in restored Northumberland was restored to "John de Drummond and Elena his wife’s dower there" by charter dated 11 Oct 1304[537]. John & his wife had two children:

i) CHRISTIANA de Drummond . "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" granted "totam terram de Ardeureane et Ardenalochreth" to "Christiane et Margarete de Drummond filiabus Johannis de Drummond" by undated charter[538].

ii) MARGARET de Drummond . "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" granted "totam terram de Ardeureane et Ardenalochreth" to "Christiane et Margarete de Drummond filiabus Johannis de Drummond" by undated charter[539].

MALCOLM de Drummond, son of MALCOLM de Drummond & his wife --- (-after 1346). “Domino Alexandro de Meneteth fratre nostro, Johanne de Menteth, domino Waltero de Menteth, Malcolmo de Drummond, Gillecrist filio Doueualdi...” witnessed the charter dated to [1330] under which “Murdacus comes de Meneteth” granted property to “Gilberto de Drommond...”[540].

m ---. The name of Malcolm’s wife is not known.

Malcolm & his wife had three children:

1. JOHN Drummond (-after 17 May 1360). A charter dated 17 May 1360 records an agreement between “Johannem de Dromud” and “Johannem de Meneteth et Alexandrum de Meneteth, fratres quondam Walteri de Meneteth”, settling disputes after “dicti quondam Walteri de Meneteth, et Malcolmi ac Willelmi fratrum eiusdem” were killed, under which John de Drummond agreed compensation for actions “per ipsum Johannem de Drumod, Mauricium fratrem suum, et Walterum de Morauia” and confirmed, among other commitments, “terram suam de Rosnef...infra comitatum de Leuenax” to “Alexandro de Meneteth”, confirmed by “Walterus de Buchanane, nepos dicti quondam Walteri...Ghillaspie Cambel et Colinus filius suus...dominus senescallus Scocie, comes de Strathern...comites de Douglas et de Anegus, ac dominus Johannes de Meneteth dominus de Arane”[541]. m [MARY Montefichet, daughter of WILLIAM Montefichet of Auchterarder and Cargill & his wife ---]. John Drummond had three children:

a) MALCOLM Drummond (-Nov 1402). m (before Jul 1388) ISABEL Douglas, daughter of WILLIAM Earl of Douglas & Mar & his wife Margaret of Mar ([1360]-[Aug/Sep] 1408). Ctss of Mar, suo iure. She married secondly as his first wife, Alexander Stewart. The seal of "Isabel comitissa de Mare et Garviath" is appended to a contract between "Isabella de Douglas countess of Mar and of Garviach" and "Sir Alexander Stuart son of Alexander Stuart Earl of Buchan" dated 1404[542].

b) JOHN Drummond (-1428). m ELIZABETH St Clair, daughter of HENRY St Clair Earl of Orkney & his wife ---.

- DRUMMOND FAMILY, later EARLS of PERTH.

c) ANNABEL Drummond ([1350]-1401). Burnett dates their marriage to “in or shortly before 1367”, noting the 3 May 1367 charter under which King David II granting the earldom of Atholl to “John Stewart of Kyle...his wife Annabella”[543]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the coronation at Scone in 1390 of "rex Robertus tercius" and "Anabella de Drommond"[544]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1401 of "Anabella"[545]. m ([1366/3 May 1367]) JOHN Stewart, son of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his first wife Elizabeth Mure ([1337]-4 Apr 1406). He succeeded his father in 1390 as ROBERT III King of Scotland.

2. MAURICE Drummond (-after 1368). “Mauricium fratrem suum, et Walterum de Morauia” are named in the 17 May 1360 charter of John Drummond quoted in full above[546].

3. MARGARET Drummond (-[Avignon] soon after 31 Jan 1375). The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records the second marriage of "lord David king of Scotland" and "Margaret of Logie" at "Inchmurdach" in 1363[547]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the marriage "apud Enchemarthow", dated to [1362/63] from the context, of King David and "Margaretam de Logi, filiam domini Malcolmi de Drummond" and their divorce without her consent "circa festum Carnis Brevii" in 1369[548]. m firstly JOHN Logie of that Ilk, son of ---. m secondly (Inchmurdach Manor, Fife or Inchmahone Priory, Perthshire Apr or Dec 1363, divorced 20 Mar 1370) as his second wife, DAVID II King of Scotland, son of ROBERT I King of Scotland & his second wife Elizabeth de Burgh (Dunfermline Palace, Fife 5 Mar 1324-Edinburgh Castle 22 Feb 1371, bur Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh).

DURWARD (LUNDIE)

1. [549]MALCOLM de Lundie . m --- of Mar, daughter of GILCHRIST Earl of Mar & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the undated charter under which her son "Thom hostiar dñi regis" confirmed donations to the church of Munimusc made by "avus meus et matre mea"[550]. Other charters quoted in the document SCOTLAND, MORMAERS, EARLS, LORDS indicate donations to the same church by Gilchrist Earl of Mar. The reference in the charter quoted to the donor’s mother indicates that "avus meus" must have been his maternal grandfather, suggesting in turn that he was Earl Gilchrist. Malcolm & his wife had one child:

a) THOMAS de Lundie (-1231). "Thomæ filii Malcolmi de Lyndyne, hostiarii domini regis Scotiæ" donated "terra mea de Balelmeryremath" to Cupar abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Malcolmo comite de Fyffe, Gartneo comite de Mar et Malcolmo filio eius, Villielmo de Bois, Valtero hostiario de Lundyn"[551]. "Th hostiar dñi Reg Scoc" donated the church of Afford to the church of Munimusc by unated charter[552]. "Thom hostiar dñi regis" confirmed donations to the church of Munimusc made by "avus meus et matre mea" by undated charter[553]. William King of Scotland confirmed donations to Aberbrothoc, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Kynnern" made by "Thome Hostiarii", by charter dated to before 1199[554]. m ---. The name of Thomas’s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had two children:

i) ALAN Durward (-[1268/75], bur Cuprose). "…A hostiar comite Athol…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Jan 1234 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed "terram…de Kalentyr" to Holyrood abbey[555]. "Alan Ostiari dni Regis" confirmed the donation of "nemore de Trostach" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…David de Hasting…Colyn Ostiari…"[556]. "Alani Hostiarii domini regis" donated "de duabus Dauatis terræ in territorio meo de Luntrathen, viz. Clentolath et Balcassay" to Cupar abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Domino Nigello comite de Carryke, Domino Johane de Hasting, Domino Gilberto de Haya…Domino Colino de Lundein"[557]. He was appointed Justiciar of Scotia in [1244][558]. "Alanus Ostiarius, Justiciarius Scocie" donated property "in parochia de Logindurnach" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "pie recordationis domini mei Alexandri quondam…regis Scocie et…Margerie uxoris mee", by undated charter dated to after 1249, witnessed by "Domino Colino Ostiario fratre meo…"[559]. The Chronicle of Melrose reports that he plotted in 1251 to have his illegitimate daughter "by the sister of the king" legitimated and declared heir to the throne, the plot being revealed by Henry III King of England[560]. Alan Durward rebelled again in 1254, defeated a Scottish army, and plotted to capture King Alexander at Edinburgh in 1255 under the pretext of arranging a peace conference[561]. Alan Durward claimed the earldom of Mar in 1257, impugning the legitimacy of his predecessors, a bull of Pope Alexander IV dated 4 Oct 1257 detailing the whole case[562]. "David de Strathbolgy comes Atholiæ" confirmed the donation of "terra de Dunfolemthim" to Cupar abbey made by "Nessus medicus domini regis" [see above], for the souls of "Domini David de Hastings quondam comitis Atholiæ et Forflissæ comitissæ suæ et Elenæ quondam sponsæ nostræ", by undated charter witnessed by "…Domino Alano Hostiario…Domino Thoma Hostiario…"[563]. The Chronicle of Lanercost records the death in 1268 of "dominus Alanus dictus Durward, comitis de Fife propinquus"[564]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1275 of "Alanus Ostiarius" and his burial "apud monasterium de Cupro", adding that his lands were divided between "tribus filiabus"[565]. [m firstly (before Jan 1210) as her second husband, ISABEL Ctss of Atholl, daughter of HENRY Earl of Atholl & his wife Margaret --- (-before 1242). This possible marriage is discussed by Noel Paton[566]. It would explain why Alan Durward was designated Earl of Atholl in 1233 and 1235, as he may have held the earldom in wardship for his supposed stepson[567].] m [secondly] ([1244]) MARJORY, illegitimate daughter of ALEXANDER III King of Scotland & his mistress ---. "Alanus Ostiarius, Justiciarius Scocie" donated property "in parochia de Logindurnach" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "pie recordationis domini mei Alexandri quondam…regis Scocie et…Margerie uxoris mee", by undated charter dated to after 1249, witnessed by "Domino Colino Ostiario fratre meo…"[568]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) which records that "Robertus abbas de Dunfermelyn, cancellarius regis" was accused of proposing "sororem regis notham…uxorem Alani Ostiarii" as successor to the throne in 1251[569]. Alan & his [second] wife had three children:

(a) ERMENGARDE . The Chronicle of Melrose[570] reports that her father plotted in 1251 to have his illegitimate daughter "by the sister of the king" legitimated and declared heir to the throne, the plot being revealed by Henry III King of England. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Nicolai de Soules" name "Ermegarde" as the daughter of "Margarete…uxori Alani le Husser" but do not name her husband[571]. m [WILLIAM] de Soulis, son of [NICHOLAS [I] de Soulis & his wife ---].

(b) daughter (-after 1275). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1275 of "Alanus Ostiarius" and his burial "apud monasterium de Cupro", adding that his lands were divided between "tribus filiabus"[572].

(c) daughter (-after 1275). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1275 of "Alanus Ostiarius" and his burial "apud monasterium de Cupro", adding that his lands were divided between "tribus filiabus"[573].

ii) COLIN . "Alan Ostiari dni Regis" confirmed the donation of "nemore de Trostach" to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "…David de Hasting…Colyn Ostiari…"[574]. "Alanus Ostiarius, Justiciarius Scocie" donated property "in parochia de Logindurnach" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "pie recordationis domini mei Alexandri quondam…regis Scocie et…Margerie uxoris mee", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Colino Ostiario fratre meo…"[575]. "Alani Hostiarii domini regis" donated "de duabus Dauatis terræ in territorio meo de Luntrathen, viz. Clentolath et Balcassay" to Cupar abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Domino Nigello comite de Carryke, Domino Johane de Hasting, Domino Gilberto de Haya…Domino Colino de Lundein"[576].

2. PHILIP de Lundie . William King of Scotland confirmed the donation to Cupar abbey, made by "Thomæ filii Malcolmi de Lyndyne, hostiarii domini regis Scotiæ", by charter dated 3 Apr [no year] witnessed by "Gartneo comite de Mar, Malcolmo filio comitis Gartnei, David Mariscallo, Philippo de Lundyne, Alexandro filio Thore"[577].

3. THOMAS . "David de Strathbolgy comes Atholiæ" confirmed the donation of "terra de Dunfolemthim" to Cupar abbey made by "Nessus medicus domini regis" [see above], for the souls of "Domini David de Hastings quondam comitis Atholiæ et Forflissæ comitissæ suæ et Elenæ quondam sponsæ nostræ", by undated charter witnessed by "…Domino Alano Hostiario…Domino Thoma Hostiario…"[578].

4. THOMAS Durward (-after Jul 1296). The Ragman Roll names "Thomas Durward called ‘le Usser’, knight of Scotland" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Aberdeen 15 Jul 1296[579].

FLEMING

1. MALCOLM Fleming (-after 29 Dec 1351). "…Domino Malcolmo Flemyng, domino Jacobo senescallo fratre quondam domini Walteri quondam senescalli Scotie, domino Alano Senescallo…" subscribed the charter dated Nov 1330 under which "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" donated "ecclesiam de Kylpatrick" to Paisley monastery[580]. "…Mauricio de Moravia consanguineis nostris Malcolmo Flemyng Willlemo de Dowglas et Thoma de Carnoco cancellario nostro militibus" witnessed the charter dated 29 Dec 1351 under which "David rex Scottorum" confirmed the possessions of Scone abbey[581]. "Dovenaldus comes de Levenax" confirmed "totam terram de Buchnwl" to "Patricio de Lindsay filio domini Patricii de Lindsay militis" by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Malcolmo Flemyng comite de Wygtone…"[582]. m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 24 Nov 1399 under which "Robertus rex Scottorum" confirmed the donation to Holyrood made by "consanguinei nostri David Flemyng de Bigare…et de Leigne…cum consensu…Malcolmi filii mei et heredis" for the souls of "Isabelle sponse mee…Malcolmi Flemyng patris mei et Christiane matris mee"[583]. Malcolm & his wife had one child:

a) DAVID Fleming (-after 24 Nov 1399). "David Flemyng filius et heres domini Malcolmi Flemyng domini de Byger militis" donated revenue from his lands to Holyrood abbey by charter dated 20 Oct 1392[584]. "Robertus rex Scottorum" confirmed the previous donation to Holyrood made by "consanguinei nostri David Flemyng de Bigare…et de Leigne…cum consensu…Malcolmi filii mei et heredis" for the souls of "Isabelle sponse mee…Malcolmi Flemyng patris mei et Christiane matris mee", by charter dated 24 Nov 1399[585]. m ISABEL, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 24 Nov 1399 under which "Robertus rex Scottorum" confirmed the donation to Holyrood made by "consanguinei nostri David Flemyng de Bigare…et de Leigne…cum consensu…Malcolmi filii mei et heredis" for the souls of "Isabelle sponse mee…Malcolmi Flemyng patris mei et Christiane matris mee"[586]. David & his wife had one child:

i) MALCOLM Fleming . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 24 Nov 1399 under which "Robertus rex Scottorum" confirmed the donation to Holyrood made by "consanguinei nostri David Flemyng de Bigare…et de Leigne…cum consensu…Malcolmi filii mei et heredis" for the souls of "Isabelle sponse mee…Malcolmi Flemyng patris mei et Christiane matris mee"[587].

FRASER

The early generations of the Fraser family cannot be reconstructed with certainty. However, the repetition of certain names, for example Simon, Alexander and Bernard, suggest that all the different branches which are shown below were related and descend from a common ancestor. The family has been studied in detail by Alexander Fraser, Lord Saltoun whose three volume work was published in 1879[588]. This work is scholarly, and balanced, although a little wordy. Above all, it does not try to invent connections which cannot be corroborated by primary source data, while at the same time indulging in sensible speculation.

1. SIMON Fraser (-before [1190]). "Symon Fraser" donated "ecclesia de Keth" the monastery of Kelso by charter dated to [1160][589]. It is likely that he was related to Gilbert de Umfraville, who donated his share of the same church to Kelso[590]. m ---. The name of Simon’s wife is not known. Simon & his wife had one child:

a) EDA Fraser . "Hugo Lorens et Eda uxor eia filia et heres Symonis Fraser" confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Keth" made to the monastery of Kelso by "qm Symon Fraser", by charter dated to [1190][591]. m HUGH Lawrence, son of ---. Hugh & his wife had [one child]:

i) [--- . Her parentage and marriage are indicated by the charter dated to [1190] under which her son "Herveius filius Philippi Marescalli" confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Keth" made to the monastery of Kelso by "qm Symon Fraser" [who would have been her maternal grandfather][592]. m PHILIP Marshall, son of ---.]

2. GILBERT Fraser (-after [1166/82]). "…Gilbert Fraser…" witnessed the charter dated to [1166/82] under which "Comes Waldeuus" donated "pasturam super Lambermoram" to Melrose abbey[593].

3. UDARD . m ---, daughter of KYLVERT & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Adam filius Udardi" confirmed the donation of "carucatam terre de tellure de Hale" made by "qm Olyuerus avunculus meus" to Newbattle abbey[594]. Udard & his wife had one child:

a) ADAM Fraser (-after [1214/16]). "Adam filius Udardi" confirmed the donation of "carucatam terre de tellure de Hale" made by "qm Olyuerus avunculus meus" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Dno Bernardo Fraser…"[595]. "Adam Fraser" donated "carucate terre…Snytherig in tenemento de Snythale", referring to the donation made by "Olyveri avunculi mei", to Newbattle abbey[596]. "Bernardo Fraser, Adam filio Udardi…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to [1214/16] by Fraser[597]) which records an agreement between the abbot of Newbattle and "Johannem de Morham filius Johannis Malherb"[598]. m CONSTANCE, daughter of ---. "Laurencius Fraser filius Adam Fraser filii Udardi Fraser" confirmed the donation of "terre et pasture" made by "Olyverus avunculus patris mei…qm Adam pater meus" to Newbattle abbey, for the soul of "Constancie matris mee", by undated charter[599]. Adam & his wife had one child:

i) LAWRENCE Fraser (-before [1292/1306]). "Laurencius Fraser filius Adam Fraser filii Udardi Fraser" confirmed the donation of "terre et pasture" made by "Olyverus avunculus patris mei…qm Adam pater meus" to Newbattle abbey, for the soul of "Constancie matris mee", by undated charter[600]. "Simone Freshell, Laurencio Freser…" witnessed the charter, dated to before 1289, of "Willelmus Cumyne de Kylbride"[601].

b) [BERNARD Fraser . "Adam filius Udardi" confirmed the donation of "carucatam terre de tellure de Hale" made by "qm Olyuerus avunculus meus" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter witnessed by "Dno Bernardo Fraser…"[602]. "Adam filio Udardi…Bernardo Fraser" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maria de Hales filia Kyluerti…in viduitate mea" donated "terre in territorio de Northales" to Newbattle abbey, naming "Randulphi nepotis mei"[603]. Both these documents, which refer to the maternal relatives of Adam Fraser, suggest that Bernard Fraser was probably his brother. "Bernardo Fraser, Adam filio Udardi…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to [1214/16] by Fraser[604]) which records an agreement between the abbot of Newbattle and "Johannem de Morham filius Johannis Malherb"[605].] same person as…? BERNARD Fraser (-after 12 Nov 1247). The chronology suggests that there may have been two persons named Bernard Fraser during the period [1214/16] to 1247. "Bernardus Fraser" confirmed the donation of land "in feudo de Forton" made by "Nesius de London frater meus…mortuus" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "Domina E. Regina Scott…"[606]. The relationship between Bernard Fraser and Ness, who was "Nesius filius Nesii" who made donations to Newbattle[607], has not been traced. It is possible that "frater" should be interpreted either as "brother-in-law" or more strictly as "uterine brother". The fact that Gilbert Fraser witnessed one of the charters of Ness suggests that uterine brother may be the correct interpretation, and that Bernard’s mother (presumably also the mother of Gilbert in this hypothesis) married twice. Viscount of Stirling: Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to Newbattle by charter dated 1 May 1234 which names "Bernardus Fraser vicecomes noster de Stuelyn"[608]. Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the foundation of Lindores abbey by charter dated 12 Nov 1247, witnessed by "…Bernardo Fraser…"[609].

4. THOMAS Fraser . "…Thomas Freser" witnessed the undated charter under which "Com. Patricius de Dunbar" donated "totam terram arabile…Sorweleffeld" to Melrose abbey[610].

1. GILBERT Fraser (-[1262/64]). "…Gileberto Fraser" witnessed the undated charter (dated to "before 1214" by Fraser[611]) under which "Nesius filius Nesii" donated revenue from his land to Newbattle abbey[612]. Viscount of Traquair. A charter dated to 1233 ordered "domino Gilberto Fraser tunc vicecomite de Treuqr" to decide a dispute between the bishop of Glasgow and "Mariota filia Samuel"[613]. "Domino Gilberto Fraser vicecomite de Treuqr…" witnessed the charter dated to [1233/49] which records the donation of the chapel of St Mary at Ingolfhiston to the church of Glasgow made by "Cristiana quondam filia Ade filii Gilberti"[614]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Gilebertus Fraser et Cristiana uxor eius et Johannes filius illorum"[615]. m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Gilebertus Fraser et Cristiana uxor eius et Johannes filius illorum"[616]. Gilbert & his wife had four children:

a) JOHN Fraser . The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Gilebertus Fraser et Cristiana uxor eius et Johannes filius illorum"[617]. Fraser suggests that John predeceased his father as he had not been identified in sources again after the latter’s death[618]. m ALICE de Cunigburg, daughter of WILLIAM de Cunigburg Lord of Stapilgorton & his wife ---. "Willelmus de Cunyburg filius Willelmi de Cunyburg" granted "Alicia filia mea in liberum matrimonium" to "Johannis Fraser" together with "terram de Rig…tenui de Rogero Auenell" by charter dated to before 1243 [when Roger Avenell died][619]. John & his wife had [one child]:

i) [RICHARD Fraser (-[1306/07]). Fraser indicates that Richard possessed an estate near Arkelton, which he places to the east of Rigfoot, the dowry of the wife of John Fraser, suggesting that Richard was John’s son[620]. "Johan de Luk" petitioned Edward I King of England for "les terres de Tolkefrisel qui furent a Mons Richard Fraser en Contez d Estivelyn" and "de Corueton qui furent a Alex Fraser" by undated charter[621].]

b) SIMON Fraser (-[1280/83]). "Willelmus Fraser decanus Glasg" commited to makes payments to the church of Glasgow, with "dominum Symone Fras militem et Andream Fras fratres nostros" acting as fiduciaries, by charter dated 1279[622]. "…Simone Fraser et Andrea fratre eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Nicholaus de Grham miles primogenitus dñi Henrici de Grham" confirmed the donation of "terra…in villa et territorio de Halsington" to Melrose abbey made by "Willelmus de Alewentona"[623]. Viscount of Peebles: "Malcolmus filius David Dunne de Conestablestun et Alicia filia Willi de Morevill eius sponsa" donated land "in territorio de Edulsistun" to the church of Glasgow by undated charter witnessed by "domino Symone Fraser tunc vicecomitis de P…"[624]. m ---. The name of Simon’s wife is not known. Simon & his wife had one child:

i) SIMON Fraser (-end 1291). Fraser records that Simon Fraser, who is not described as a knight, is named in the record pf the parliament held at Scone 5 Feb 1284, concluding that he must have been a different person from Simon Fraser senior who is invariably titled knight in source documents[625]. "Simone Freshell, Laurencio Freser…" witnessed the charter, dated to before 1289, of "Willelmus Cumyne de Kylbride"[626]. Keeper of the Royal Forests of Traquair and Selkirk. A charter dated 13 Oct 1296 records the submission of "Simon Fresel del Conte de Pebbles" to Edward I King of England[627]. The date of his death is set by the charter dated 15 Jan 1292 under which Edward I King of England granted the keeperships of the Forests of Traquair and Selkirk to "William Comyn, son of John Comyn, to be held by him in the same manner that it had been held by Simon Fraser, lately deceased"[628]. m as her first husband, MARY, daughter of ---. Edward I King of England granted the "maritagium of Maria, the widow of the late Simon Fraser" to "Richard Siward" by charter dated Apr 1294[629]. She married secondly ([1294/95]) as his second wife, Richard Siward. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Maria uxor domini Ricardi Syward, qui Ricardus est in prisona domini regis" requested restoration of property claiming that she had "ix infantes, de quibus iv…dicti Ricardi viri sui ex altera uxore et quinque infantes que fuerunt de Simonis Fresel, quondam viri sui"[630]. Simon & his wife had five children:

(a) SIMON Fraser (-executed London 8 Sep 1306). Edward I King of England granted his paternal lands to "Simon Fraser" by charter dated 12 Jul 1292[631]. A charter dated 28 May 1297 records the submission of "Simon Fraser chivaler" to Edward I King of England[632]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Johannes Comyn…et Simon Fraser miles" fought the English in 1300[633]. Simon Fraser was captured at the battle of Methven, taken to London, tried and executed[634]. m MARY, daughter of ---. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Maria uxor domini Simonis Fraser" requesting restoration of property "ad sustentationem suam et puerorum suorum"[635]. Simon & his wife had two children:

(1) daughter . m GILBERT Hay of Locherwart, son of ---.

(2) daughter . m PATRICK Fleming, son of ---.

(b) THOMAS Fraser (-[before 1306]). "Thomas de Grey" requested the lands of "Thom Fraser frere Mons Symon Fraser…et les terres Alex Fraser qui fu le fitz Andr Fraser" by charter dated 1306[636]. It is not known whether this document means that Thomas had predeceased the request or whether his lands had been confiscated.

(c) three other children . A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Maria uxor domini Ricardi Syward" requested restoration of property claiming that she had "ix infantes, de quibus…quinque…de Simonis Fresel, quondam viri sui"[637].

c) ANDREW Fraser (-after 23 Jun 1297). "Willelmus Fraser decanus Glasg" commited to makes payments to the church of Glasgow, with "dominum Symone Fras militem et Andream Fras fratres nostros" acting as fiduciaries, by charter dated 1279[638]. "Andr Fras filii quondam Gilbti Fras militis" donated property in Gordon to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1280][639]. "…Simone Fraser et Andrea fratre eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Nicholaus de Grham miles primogenitus dñi Henrici de Grham" confirmed the donation of "terra…in villa et territorio de Halsington" to Melrose abbey made by "Willelmus de Alewentona"[640]. A charter dated 23 Jun 1297 records the submission of "Andreu Fraser" to Edward I King of England[641].

d) WILLIAM Fraser (-Arteville 19 Sep 1297, bur Paris, church of Frères Prêcheurs). "Willelmus Fraser decanus Glasg" commited to makes payments to the church of Glasgow, with "dominum Symone Fras militem et Andream Fras fratres nostros" acting as fiduciaries, by charter dated 1279[642]. The Chronicle of Lanercost records the appointment of "Willelmus Freser, regis æque cancellarius" as bishop of St Andrew’s in 1279[643].

1. ANDREW Fraser . Fraser indicates that the descent of the sheriffship of Stirling, the inheritance of lands in Ugtrethrestrother, and the assedation of lands in Torry, all indicate that Alexander was the son of Andrew Fraser[644]. He further suggests that the Andrew Fraser in question was the son of Richard Fraser, son of John Fraser (see above), from whom he must have inherited the estates of Touch-fraser. However, there does not appear to be any surviving primary source which confirms that this hypothesis is correct. m ---. The name of Andrew’s wife is not known. Andrew & his wife had four children:

a) ALEXANDER Fraser (-killed in battle Dupplin 1332). "Thomas de Grey" requested the lands of "Thom Fraser frere Mons Symon Fraser…et les terres Alex Fraser qui fu le fitz Andr Fraser" by charter dated 1306[645]. Bernard Abbot of Arbroath granted lands of Torry for life to "Alexander Fraser filius quondam domini Andree Fraser, militis" by charter dated 1312[646]. "…Alexandro Fraser et Roberto de Keith mareschallo Scotiæ, militibus" witnessed the charter dated 12 Apr 1316 under which Robert I King of Scotland granted annual revenue from the farms of Perth to Perth Blackfriars[647]. Chamberlain of Scotland from 1319 to [1326]. "…Jacobo domino de Duglas, Gilberto de Haya constabulario nostro, Alexandro Fraser camerario nostro militibus" witnessed the charter dated 1 Mar "anno nostri vicesimo" (1326) under which "Robertus…rex Scottorum" confirmed donations to Scone abbey[648]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "…Alexandro Fraser…" were killed at Duplin Moor 11 Aug 1332 fighting Edward Balliol[649]. m (1316) as her second husband, Lady MARY Bruce, widow of NEIL Campbell of Lochow, daughter of ROBERT de Brus Lord of Annandale & his first wife Margaret Ctss of Carrick ([1273]-before 22 Sep 1323). Follow her hyperlink for details of her first marriage. Her second marriage and her date of death are confirmed by the 22 Sep 1323 charter under which Robert I King of Scotland granted land at Auchincarnie to "Alexandro Fraser militi" and "heredibus suis inter ipsum et quondam Mariam de Brwce sponsam suam, sororem nostram"[650]. Alexander & his wife had two children:

i) JOHN Fraser ([1316/17]-after 1334). Robert I King of Scotland granted the forest of Cragy to "Alexandro Fraser militi…et Joanni filio suo, nepoti nostro" by charter dated 6 Apr 1327[651]. m ---. John & his wife had one child:

(a) MARGARET Fraser . "Sir William of Keith marischal of Scotland" granted the lands of Mathers to Alexander of Berkley, with the consent of "Margaret his wife", by charter dated 3 May 1351[652]. m WILLIAM de Keith, son of EDWARD Keith Marshal & his first wife Isabella Sinton (-[1410]).

ii) WILLIAM Fraser (-killed in battle Neville's Cross 17 Oct 1346). Robertson indexes a charter from David II King of Scotland which records a grant "of the thanedom of Collie…[which] was Alexander Frazer’s his father’s" to "William Frazer and Margaret Murray his spouse"[653]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Johannes Ranulphi comes Moraviæ ac etiam comes de Strathern constabularius Scotiæ…David filius et heres David de Lindsay…Willelmus Fraser…" were killed at Durham 17 Oct 1346[654]. m MARGARET Moray, daughter of ANDREW Moray of Bothwell & his wife ---. Robertson indexes a charter from David II King of Scotland which records a grant "of the thanedom of Collie…[which] was Alexander Frazer’s his father’s" to "William Frazer and Margaret Murray his spouse"[655].

- FRASER FAMILY of COWIE and DURRIS[656].

b) ANDREW FRASER (-killed in battle Halidon 19 Jul 1333). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Andreas, Simon et Jacobus Fraser fratres" were among those killed "XIV Kal Aug" in 1333 at "bellum de Halidona"[657].

c) SIMON Fraser (-killed in battle Halidon 19 Jul 1333). Barbour’s The Brus records "Schir Alexander the Fraser…and his brothir Symon"[658]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Simonem Fraser et Robertum de Keth" captured Perth from the forces of King Edward Balliol "Non Oct" in 1332 and that "Simon Fraser" was among those who defeated the king at Annan 16 Dec 1332[659]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Andreas, Simon et Jacobus Fraser fratres" were among those killed "XIV Kal Aug" in 1333 at "bellum de Halidona"[660]. m MARGARET, daughter of [--- Earl of Caithness & his wife ---]. Fraser records that Simon Fraser married "Margaret co-heiress of an Earl of Caithness", suggesting that her father must have been Earl Magnus[661]. From his text, it is difficult to ascertain the source on which this information is based. From a chronological point of view, assuming that her parentage is correctly stated, it seems more likely that she was the daughter of Earl John.

d) JAMES FRASER (-killed in battle Halidon 19 Jul 1333). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Andreas, Simon et Jacobus Fraser fratres" were among those killed "XIV Kal Aug" in 1333 at "bellum de Halidona"[662].

1. ALEXANDER Fraser (-before 7 Jul 1296). m ---. The name of Alexander’s wife is not known. Alexander & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Fraser (-after 28 Aug 1296). A charter dated 7 Jul 1296 records the submission of "Willame Fraser le fuiz jadys Mons Alisandre Fraser" to Edward I King of England[663]. The Ragman Roll names "…William Freser…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[664].

1. ALEXANDER Fraser (-[1306/07]). The Ragman Roll names "…Alisaundre Fresel…knights" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[665]. Barbour’s The Brus records "Schir Thomas Randol…Shir Alexander Fraser and Schir David the Berclay…and Hew de la Hay" among those who were taken prisoner at the battle of Methven in 1306[666]. "Johan de Luk" petitioned Edward I King of England for "les terres de Tolkefrisel qui furent a Mons Richard Fraser en Contez d Estivelyn" and "de Corueton qui furent a Alex Fraser" by undated charter[667].

GIFFARD

The relationship, if any, between this Giffard family and the Giffard families which are set out in the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY D-K has not yet been established. The mid-14th century Scalacronica records that William King of Scotland, after his release from captivity in England in 1174, returned to Scotland with "plusours dez filz pusnes dez seygnours Dengleterre" and granted them lands, naming in its list "…lez Giffardis…"[668].

1. JOHN Giffard . m ---. The name of John’s wife is not known. John & his wife had three children:

a) HUGH Giffard . "Hugo Giffard filius Iohannis Giffard" donated "terram de Pethpotin", which he held from "Willelmus Giffard frater meus" after the death of the latter, to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dño Ric Giffard fratre nostro…"[669]. "…Gillebto comite de Stradtherin, Malcolmo comite de Athewethle, Nesio filio Willi, Willo de Morthemer, Hugone Giffar, Willo de Haia, Willo Mathle, Adam filio Iuette" witnessed the undated charter, dated to after [1170], under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Sconin" to St Andrew’s priory[670]. "Morgrundus comes de Mar" donated "ecclesiam Miggehwith" to St Andrew’s priory, confirmed by "Agnetis comitisse sponse mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Ada comitissa, Hela comitissa, Alexandro de sco Martino, Hugone Giffard, Willo Giffard…Willo filio Hugonis Giffard…"[671]. "Ada comitissa mater regis Scot" donated "unam marcham argenti", from "Malisus de Pethmolin", to St Andrew’s priory for lighting the church, for the soul of "comitis Henrici sponsi mei", by undated charter, dated to before 1178, witnessed by "Hug Giff, Alexandro de sco Martino, Hug de Baiol…Willo Giff…"[672]. "Hugo Gyffard" donated "Kressewelle", for the soul of "dne mee Ade comitisse", to Newbattle abbey by undated charter[673]. William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "medietatem de Hadgillin in Dunde" to St Andrew’s priory by "Hugo Giffard" by undated charter, witnessed by "…Nesio filio Willi, Willo de Mortimer, Willo de Haia…"[674]. "Willelmus de Haya pincerna regis Scocie" donated "terre in Petmulyn" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "Hug Giffard…"[675]. m ---. The name of Hugh’s wife is not known. Hugh & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM Giffard . "Morgrundus comes de Mar" donated "ecclesiam Miggehwith" to St Andrew’s priory, confirmed by "Agnetis comitisse sponse mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Ada comitissa, Hela comitissa, Alexandro de sco Martino, Hugone Giffard, Willo Giffard…Willo filio Hugonis Giffard…"[676]. "Willelmus Gyffard" confirmed the donation of "Kressewelle" by "patris mei", to Newbattle abbey by undated charter[677]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

(a) JOHN Giffard . "…Johe Giffard…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scotorum" donated "elemosinam totum Kanum et Kuneueth" to St Andrew’s priory[678]. "Johannes Gyffard" confirmed the donation of "Kressewelle" by "avi mei", to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Henr de Graham…"[679].

b) WILLIAM Giffard . "Morgrundus comes de Mar" donated "ecclesiam Miggehwith" to St Andrew’s priory, confirmed by "Agnetis comitisse sponse mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Ada comitissa, Hela comitissa, Alexandro de sco Martino, Hugone Giffard, Willo Giffard…Willo filio Hugonis Giffard…"[680]. "Ada comitissa mater regis Scot" donated "unam marcham argenti", from "Malisus de Pethmolin", to St Andrew’s priory for lighting the church, for the soul of "comitis Henrici sponsi mei", by undated charter, dated to before 1178, witnessed by "Hug Giff, Alexandro de sco Martino, Hug de Baiol…Willo Giff…"[681].

c) RICHARD Giffard . "Hugo Giffard filius Iohannis Giffard" donated "terram de Pethpotin", which he held from "Willelmus Giffard frater meus" after the death of the latter, to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dño Ric Giffard fratre nostro…"[682].

The following person has not otherwise been identified, nor his relationship either to the main Giffard family or to Alexander III King of Scotland, or to the three other individuals named in the source quoted below, ascertained:

1. RICHARD Giffard (-after 30 Aug 1250). Pope Innocent IV mandated the bishops of St Andrews and Dunkeld, at the request of the king of Scotland, to assign “to Richard called ‘Giffard’ kinsman of the said king who is going to the Holy Land with five knights at his own expense, 400 marks...” and “suitable sums are also to be assigned to Thomas Paynel, Alan de Lasceles and Adam Penkethan his cousins who are going with him at their own expense”, dated 30 Aug 1250[683].

GORDON

1. RICHARD de Gordon . "Richer de Gordun" donated "ecclesie sci Michael de villa mea de Gordun" to Kelso monastery by undated charter[684]. m ---. The name of Richard’s wife is not known. Richard & his wife had one child:

a) THOMAS de Gordon (-after [1180]). "Thomas fil Rich de Gordun" confirmed donations to Kelso monastery made by "patris meis" by charter dated to [1180][685]. m ---. The name of Thomas’s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had one child:

i) THOMAS de Gordon (-after [1250]). "Thomas de Gordun filius Thome de Gordun" donated property to Kelso monastery, with the consent of "Mariori uxoris mee", naming "Ric avus meus et Thomas pater meus", by charter dated to [1250][686]. m MARJORY, daughter of --- (-after [1250]). "Thomas de Gordun filius Thome de Gordun" donated property to Kelso monastery, with the consent of "Mariori uxoris mee", naming "Ric avus meus et Thomas pater meus", by charter dated to [1250][687]. Thomas & his wife had one child:

(a) ALICE Gordon (-after [1270]). "Alicia de Gordun filia et heres quondam Dni Thome de Gordun militis junioris" confirmed donations to Kelso monastery, made by "dno Ricardo abavo meo sive a dno Thoma quondam avo meo sive a dno Thoma quondam patre meo", for the souls of "patris mei et Ade de Gordun quondam sponsi mei", by charter dated to [1270][688]. m ADAM de Gordon, son of ---.

1. ADAM de Gordon (-before [1270]). "Adam de Gordun miles" donated "petariam meam in territorio de Faunes" to Dryburgh monastery, for the souls of "mee et Alicie sponse mee", by undated charter[689]. "Johannes Marescallus de Keth" donated "terram…in territorio de Jonystoun…usque ad terram quam Symon Fraser dedit" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Adam de Gordoun…"[690]. m ALICE de Gordon, daughter of THOMAS de Gordon & his wife ---. "Alicia de Gordun filia et heres quondam Dni Thome de Gordun militis junioris" confirmed donations to Kelso monastery, made by "dno Ricardo abavo meo sive a dno Thoma quondam avo meo sive a dno Thoma quondam patre meo", for the souls of "patris mei et Ade de Gordun quondam sponsi mei", by charter dated to [1270][691]. "Adam de Gordun miles" donated "petariam meam in territorio de Faunes" to Dryburgh monastery, for the souls of "mee et Alicie sponse mee", by undated charter[692]. Adam & his wife had one child:

a) ADAM de Gordon (-after 1308). "Adam filius Ade de Gordoun" donated property to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1300][693]. "Dnm Adam de Gordun milite" reached agreement with Kelso monastery about property "in territorio de Westgordun ex dono bone memorie dni Andr Fraser", by charter dated 1308[694]. "Dñis Johanne filio comitis…Adam de Gordon…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Patricius de Dunbar comes Marchie" confirmed his predecessors’ donations to Melrose abbey[695]. "Adam de Gordon miles" donated property "in territorio…de est Gordon" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, which names "Johanne filio meo"[696]. "Adam de Gordon filii dñi Adae de Gordon" confirmed the donation "in territorio…de est Gordon" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[697]. m ---. The name of Adam’s wife is not known. Adam & his wife had one child:

i) JOHN Gordon . "Adam de Gordon miles" donated property "in territorio…de est Gordon" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, which names "Johanne filio meo"[698].

GRAHAM

The mid-14th century Scalacronica records that William King of Scotland, after his release from captivity in England in 1174, returned to Scotland with "plusours dez filz pusnes dez seygnours Dengleterre" and granted them lands, naming in its list "…lez Grames…"[699]. As far as the Graham family is concerned, it looks like the Scalacronica’s version of events is incomplete as a reference has been found to a William Graham in a charter from the reign of King David I. Nevertheless, it is possible that this William was a member of the same family who arrived in Scotland at an earlier time and encouragement his fellow family members to emigrate northwards. If that is correct, it is probable that the family was of Anglo-Norman origin, although no earlier references have been found to the family in England. For example, no person of the name Graham is recorded in the English 1129/30 Pipe Roll. As can be seen below, there is considerable uncertainty about the precise ancestry of the branch of this family which was later created dukes of Montrose. In particular, it is not known with certainty how many different individuals existed who were named David de Graham.

1. WILLIAM de Graham (-after [1147/52]). "…Willelmo de Graham…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to before [1142], under which David I King of Scotland confirmed "ecclesiam de Lohworuara" to the church of Glasgow[700]. "Henr filio Regis, Willelmo de Graham…" witnessed the charter under which David I King of Scotland donated "ecclesie Sancti Cudberti juxta castell" to Holyrood abbey[701]. "…Willelmo de Graham…" witnessed the undated charter issued by Robert Bishop of St Andrews to Herbert Bishop of Glasgtow concerning "ecclesia de Lohworuora"[702]. Balfour Paul dates this last document to [1147/52][703].

Two brothers, parents not known. Balfour Paul says that they “may be supposed to have been [the] sons” of William de Graham[704]. Two points suggest that this speculation may not be correct. Firstly, if the Scalacronica is correct (as pointed out in the introduction to the present chapter) in suggesting that members of the Graham family migrated to Scotland with the return from captivity in England of King William I, it is possible that Peter and Alan were more remote relations of William who were tempted to join their relative north of the border, although the charter dated to [1153/59] (in which Henry [I] de Graham is named) suggests that the Scalacronica may not be accurate. Secondly, the name William does not feature prominently among the known descendants of Peter and Alan, suggesting that William who is named above may not have been a direct ancestor.

1. PETER de Graham (-[after 1174]). Lord of Dalkeith. "Petrus de Graham" donated "terram de Balnebueth" to Newbattle abbey, for the soul of "uxoris mee Geue et…filios meos", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Alano fratre Petri de Graham, Willelmo de Graham…"[705]. Balfour Paul dates this document to “the early part of the reign of William the Lion”[706]. m [as her second husband,] GEVA, [widow of ---,] daughter of ---. "Petrus de Graham" donated "terram de Balnebueth" to Newbattle abbey, for the soul of "uxoris mee Geue et…filios meos", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Alano fratre Petri de Graham, Willelmo de Graham…"[707]. The possibility of her first marriage is suggested by the charter (dated to 1204) under which [her son] "Henricus de Graham filius Petrus de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuch" to Newbattle abbey witnessed by "…Rob nepote domine Geue"[708]. Peter & his wife had two children:

a) HENRY [I] de Graham (-after 1204). "Ada comitissa matris Regis Scott" donated "Berford" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "DD filio meo…Henrico et Willo filiis Petri de Graham"[709]. Balfour Paul dates this document to [1153/59][710]. "Henricus de Graham filius Petrus de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuch" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter (dated to 1204 by the editor of the Beauly cartulary[711]) witnessed by "…Alexand de Graham…Rob nepote domine Geue"[712]. m ---. The name of Henry’s wife is not known. Henry [I] & his wife had two children:

i) HENRY [II] de Graham (-after 1233). "Henricus de Graham filius Henrici de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuth" to Newbattle abbey, made by "avus meus et pater meus P. et H. de Graham", by undated charter[713].

- see below.

ii) PETER Graham . According to Balfour Paul, he was ancestor of the Graham families of Elvingston near Haddington[714].

b) WILLIAM de Graham (-after [1153/59]). "Ada comitissa matris Regis Scott" donated "Berford" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "DD filio meo…Henrico et Willo filiis Petri de Graham"[715].

2. ALAN de Graham . "Petrus de Graham" donated "terram de Balnebueth" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Alano fratre Petri de Graham, Willelmo de Graham…"[716]. m ---. The name of Alan’s wife is not known. Alan & his wife had [one child]:

a) [WILLIAM de Graham . "Petrus de Graham" donated "terram de Balnebueth" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Alano fratre Petri de Graham, Willelmo de Graham…"[717]. Balfour Paul suggests that the order of their names in this document suggests that they were father and son[718].]

1. PATRICK [I] de Graham . "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" confirmed "terram de Kynerine" to "dominus Patricius de Grame" by undated charter[719].

2. ALEXANDER de Graham (-after 1204). "Henricus de Graham filius Petrus de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuch" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter (dated to 1204 by the editor of the Beauly cartulary[720]) witnessed by "…Alexand de Graham…"[721].

HENRY [II] de Graham, son of HENRY [I] de Graham & his wife --- (-after 1233). "Henricus de Graham filius Henrici de Graham" confirmed the donation of "terram de Balnebuth" to Newbattle abbey, made by "avus meus et pater meus P. et H. de Graham", by undated charter[722].

m ---. The name of Henry’s wife is not known.

Henry [II] & his wife had children:

1. HENRY [III] de Graham (-after 1283). "…Willo de Lindes…Walt de Berk, Rob de Berk, Henrico de Graham" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Melrose abbey by "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer eisdem monarch"[723]. "Robto de Ros, David de Graham…Willelmo filio comitis, Henrico de Graham, Nicholao Corbeth, Waltero filio Walterii senescalli, Roberto filio comitis…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to before 1232, under which "Patricius comes de Dunbar" reached agreement with Melrose abbey about "terra sita in territorio de Halsingtune"[724]. "Henricus de Grahame" donated land by undated charter witnessed by "…Nich de Grahame Henrico de Grahame…"[725]. m --- Avenell, daughter of ROGER Avenell & his wife ---. Balfour Paul names “the daughter and heiress of Roger Avenel (who died 1243)” as the wife of Henry [III] de Graham, adding that she brought “the lordships of Abercorn in Linlithgowshire, Kilbucho and Newlands in Peeblesshire, and Eskdale in Dumfriesshire” to her husband, but he does not cite the primary source on which the information is based[726]. Henry [III] & his wife had two children:

a) NICHOLAS de Graham of Dalkeith (-after 20 Jan 1292). "Nicholaus de Grham miles primogenitus dñi Henrici de Grham" confirmed the donation of "terra…in villa et territorio de Halsington" to Melrose abbey made by "Willelmus de Alewentona" by undated charter[727]. "Henricus de Grahame" donated land by undated charter witnessed by "…Nich de Grahame Henrico de Grahame filio Radulpho de Corry"[728]. A charter dated 20 Jan 1292 records the homage sworn to King Edward I by "Nicholai de Graham (qui Mariam sororem et heredem Muriellæ quondam comitissæ de Mar defunctæ, duxit in uxorem)" for the lands held from the king by "eadem Muriella soror ipsius Mariæ" when she died[729]. m MARY of Strathearn, daughter of MALISE Earl of Strathearn & his first wife Marjory de Muschamp of Wooler ([1250/51]-after 1306). The Inquisitions on the death of "Muriella quondam comitissa de Mar" are dated 23 Nov 1291 and name "Maria uxor Nicholai de Graham [soror] dictæ Muriellæ…propinquor heres" aged 40[730]. Nicholas & his wife had one child:

i) JOHN Graham of Abercorn (-25 Apr 1337). "Johannes de Graham miles filius et heres Dñi Nicholai de Graham" donated "totam terram de Eskedal" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, dated to the early 14th century[731]. "Johannes de Graham dñs de Abrecorn" confirmed "terram…in tenemento de Dalketh" to "Roberto de Lauuedre" by charter dated 4 Mar 1315 witnessed by "…dño Jacobo de Douglas…"[732]. m ISABELLA, daughter of --- (-after Apr 1337). John & his wife had two children:

(a) JOHN Graham (-after 6 Jan 1342). Balfour Paul states that, as the last of the direct male line, he resigned Dalkeith in favour of William Douglas of Laudonia 6 Jan 1343[733].

(b) ISABEL de Graham . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. Balfour Paul records her parentage (as “sister of Sir John Graham of Abercorn”) and marriage (no source cited)[734]. Burnett says that the mother of John Stewart of Ralston “is said to have been Isabel, daughter of Sir John Graham of Abercorn”[735]. m as his second wife, WALTER Stewart, son of JAMES 5^th High Steward of Scotland & his [third] wife Egidia de Burgh ([1292]-9 Apr [1326/29]).

b) HENRY de Graham . "Henricus de Grahame" donated land by undated charter witnessed by "…Nich de Grahame Henrico de Grahame filio Radulpho de Corry"[736].

2. NICHOLAS de Graham . According to Balfour Paul, he was ancestor of the Graham families of Tarbolton and Waiston in Ayrshire[737].

1. DAVID [I] de Graham . Balfour Paul says that David [I] "appears to have [been]" the son of William de Graham, supposed son of Alan de Graham (see above)[738]. The chronology of this suggestion appears plausible, but this suggested affiliation is only one of several possibilities. The frequent use of the name Patrick among the descendants of David [I] suggests a close connection with Patrick [I] who is named above. It should be noted that the neither the names David nor Patrick feature in the known descendants of the brothers Peter and Alan de Graham (see above). m [as her second husband,] AMABEL, [widow of [NICHOLAS] de Faunes,] daughter of --- (-after [1200]). "Ricardus de Faunes" confirmed the donation of property in "Melocstan" made by "David fratri meo fil dd de Graham", naming "matrem nostram Amable", by charter dated to [1200][739]. As noted below under her son Richard, her possible first marriage is not the only explanation for her son adopting the name Faunes. David [I] & his wife had [two] children:

a) DAVID [II] de Graham ([before 1180]-after [1232]). "Ricardus de Faunes" confirmed the donation of property in "Melocstan" made by "David fratri meo fil DD de Graham", naming "matrem nostram Amable", by charter dated to [1200][740]. "David de Graham fil David de Graham" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Melokestan" made by "Ric de Fauhnes" by charter dated to [1200][741].

- see below.

b) [RICHARD de Faunes (-[1230]). "Ricardus de Faunes" confirmed the donation of property in "Melocstan" made by "David fratri meo fil DD de Graham", naming "matrem nostram Amable", by charter dated to [1200][742]. Richard could have been the uterine brother of David de Graham, born from their mother’s first marriage. Alternatively, if that marriage had been childless, he could have been the son of David de Graham who adopted his mother’s name as successor to her property holdings.] m ---. The name of Richard’s wife is not known. Richard & his wife had two children:

i) ADAM de Faunes (-before [1260]). "Adam de Faulmes fil Ric de Fauhnes" confirmed the donation of property in "Melokestan" made by "quondam David de Graham avunculus meus" by charter dated to [1230][743].

ii) CHRISTIANA de Faunes . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated to [1260] under which her son "Philipp de Haliburton fil et heres dni Willi de Haliburton militis et Cristiana sponse eiusdem" confirmed the donation of property "in villam de Melocstan" made by "Ric de Fauhnes…Adam de Faulmes quondam avunculus meus"[744]. m WILLIAM de Haliburton, son of ---.

DAVID [II] de Graham, son of DAVID [I] de Graham & his wife Amabel --- ([before 1180]-after [1232]). "Ricardus de Faunes" confirmed the donation of property in "Melocstan" made by "David fratri meo fil DD de Graham", naming "matrem nostram Amable", by charter dated to [1200][745]. This document suggests that David [II] was already of age at the time, therefore probably born before [1180]. "David de Graham fil David de Graham" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Melokestan" made by "Ric de Fauhnes" by charter dated to [1200][746]. "P. comes de Dumbar" confirmed the donation of property in "Melostan" made by "fil dd de Graham fratris Ric de Faunes…[et] dña Amable matris eiusdem Ric", naming "matrem nostram Amable", by charter dated to [1200][747]. "…Domino David de Grahame…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldovenus comes de Levenax" granted land "in Levenax…Buthernockis et…Kyncaith" to "Wilielmo filio Arthuri filii Galbrait"[748]. ["Robto de Ros, David de Graham…Willelmo filio comitis, Henrico de Graham, Nicholao Corbeth, Waltero filio Walterii senescalli, Roberto filio comitis…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to before 1232, under which "Patricius comes de Dunbar" reached agreement with Melrose abbey about "terra sita in territorio de Halsingtune"[749]. It is not known whether this document refers to David [II] or the supposed David [III].]

m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known.

David [II] & his wife had [one child]:

1. [DAVID [III] de Graham (-after 1264). The chronology of the Graham family strongly suggests the addition of another generation between David [II] and the brothers Patrick [II] and David [IV]. The marriage date of David [IV] can be dated with reasonable accuracy to [1267/68] given the relatively tight chronology for the birth of his wife in [1255/59], while Patrick [II]’s marriage is unlikely to have taken place much before 1251. These dates suggest the births of Patrick [II] and David [IV] in the range [1225/45], which appears inconsistent with David [II] already having been adult in [1200]. In addition, Balfour Paul cites several charters, dated between [1232] and 1264 in which "David de Graham" is named[750]. If that David de Graham was the same person who is named in the [1200] document, he would have had an unusually lengthy career. These indications point to the existence of “David [III] de Graham”, probably the son of David [II]. m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known. Balfour Paul says that "the Christian name of Sir David’s wife was Agnes, and there is reason to believe that her surname was Noble, and that the lands of Kinpunt and Eliston in Linlithgowshire, acquired by Sir David from Ralph Noble and Thomas Noble, were so obtained in marriage with her, she being mentioned in these grants but in no other known charter in favour of Sir David, excepting King Alexander’s confirmation in 1253"[751]. Balfour Paul indicates David [II] as the husband of Agnes. However, if the existence of David [III] is correctly posited, the chronology suggests that Agnes would have been his wife. David [III] & his wife had [two children]:

a) [PATRICK [II] de Graham (-killed in battle Dunbar 28 Apr 1296). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. The best explanation for the various documents which are quoted in the present section is that Patrick [II] was the son of David [III]. Balfour Paul says that "Crawfurd, who has been followed by Douglas and Wood, here inserts in the family tree another David, son of [David [II]] and father of Patrick [II]", based on the authority of a charter dated to [1260/71] under which "Malise Earl of Strathearn" granted “the lands of Kincardine and others” to “David de Graham” (no source reference provided) who was assumed to be the husband of Annabella of Strathearn, and adds that this supposed David is not named in any other source[752]. As discussed elsewhere in the present document, David, the grantee of the charter dated to [1260/71], can most likely be identified as David [V], son of Patrick [II] and his wife Annabella. In addition, two different sources (quoted below) name Patrick de Graham as the husband of Annabella (although they do not specify that she was “de Strathearn”). In any case, assuming that the date of Annabella’s birth is correctly estimated as shown below, there is insufficient time for an additional generation to be inserted in the Graham family at this point. This appears especially to be the case assuming that it is correct, as suggested above, that the “missing” generation in this family is represented by the supposed David [III], presumed father of Patrick [II]. The “Crawfurd” hypothesis would also require that the supposed “David de Graham” and his son Patrick [II] both married ladies named Annabella, not impossible of course but something of a coincidence. "…Domino Patricio de Grahame, Johanne filio meo primogenito…" witnessed the charter dated 1272 under which "Alexander dominus de Striueling miles" confirmed the donation of the church "in villa de Alueth" to Cambuskenneth priory[753]. His death in battle is confirmed by the charter dated 3 Sep 1296 which records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Annabella quæ fuit uxor Patricii de Graham" who was killed in battle "contra regem apud Dunbar"[754]. m ([1251/60]) [as her second husband,] ANNABELLA of Strathearn, [widow of JOHN of Lestalrig,] daughter of ROBERT Earl of Strathearn & his wife --- ([1230/40]-after 3 Sep 1296). "Malisius comes Strathern" granted "terram de Kynkardyn in Kather ieuenas…juxta Huctahardouer" to "Amabilie sorori mee ad ipsam maritandam" by undated charter[755]. Balfour Paul dates this document to "c 1251-60" but does not explain his reasoning[756]. Her birth date is difficult to estimate. The birth of the oldest child of her brother Malise Earl of Strathearn is dated to [1244], which suggests that Malise was probably not born later than [1220/25], while their father’s death is dated to “before Aug 1244”. Annabella was therefore probably born within the wide range of [1215/40]. If her brother’s charter quoted above is correctly dated by Balfour Paul, she would have been born during the later part of this range (specified for presentation purposes above as [1230/40]). This suggestion appears corroborated by her son still being alive in 1325. Balfour Paul says that "it is possible that she had previously been married to John of Lestalrig [Restalrig], for on 22 Nov 1293 there was an appeal taken to Edward I, as Lord Superior of Scotland, by Simon de Lestalrig, in a complaint by him to John Baliol, that Patrick de Graham, in time of the fatuity of the said John, had impetrated certain rights over Restalrig through Annabella, wife of the said John, to the loss and damage of Simon, John’s son and heir"[757]. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Annabella quæ fuit uxor Patricii de Graham" who was killed in battle "contra regem apud Dunbar"[758]. The Ragman Roll names "…Anable widow of Patrick de Graham…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[759]. Patrick [II] & his wife had [two or more] children:

i) DAVID [V] de Graham (-after 5 Mar 1325). "…Domino Patricio de Grahame, Johanne filio meo primogenito…" witnessed the charter dated 1272 under which "Alexander dominus de Striueling miles" confirmed the donation of the church "in villa de Alueth" to Cambuskenneth priory[760].

- see below.

ii) son(s) (-after 1272). The fact that Patrick [II] had a younger son or sons is confirmed by the charter dated 1272, under which "Alexander dominus de Striueling miles" confirmed the donation of the church "in villa de Alueth" to Cambuskenneth priory, subscribed by "…domino Patricio de Grahame, Johanne filio meo primogenito…"[761].

b) [DAVID [IV] de Graham (-[Jul 1297/17 Mar 1298]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. However, the documents quoted in this section which name both David [IV] and David [V] de Graham (who are clearly two distinct individuals) can best be explained if David [IV] was the son of David [III]. [Balfour Paul records that "Malise Earl of Strathearn" [David’s maternal uncle] granted “the lands of Kincardine and others” to “David de Graham” by charter dated to [1260/71] but does not provide the source reference[762]. It is not certain whether this grant refers to David [V] or his supposed paternal uncle David [IV]. However, a grant of land by Earl Malise is best explained by a close family relationship, which would only be the case if the grantee was David [V].] David de Graham and his nephew David de Graham were taken prisoner in 1297 at the battle of Dunbar in which his brother Patrick was killed[763]. An undated charter, dated to before 5 Dec 1298, records a dispute between Archibald Bishop of Moray and "dominum Willelmum de Fentwine militem et dominum David de Graham militem ac eiusdem David heredem Patricium" about "ecclesie de Kyntalargyn…et…piscaria de Esse fluminis de Thorn" to the hospital of Spey[764]. m ([1267/68]) MURIEL Bisset, daughter of JOHN Bisset & his wife --- ([1255/59]-). The Inquisition of a jury in Ireland dated 10 Aug 1278 names "William de Fenton and Cecilia his wife, Andrew de Bosco and Elizabeth his wife, and David de Graham and Muriel his wife…his daughters and of age" as "nearest heirs" of "John Byset son and heir of the late John Byset…[who] died 19 years ago"[765]. Her marriage can be dated to before 1268: Balfour Paul cites a document dated 1292, which records that the husbands of Muriel and her two sisters had received from "William Wyscard or Wishart Archdeacon of St Andrews and Chancellor of the King" charters deposited by their late father, and notes that Chancellor Wishart became bishop of Glasgow in 1268[766]. A charter dated 27 Oct 1278 records that "Mulrella the youngest daughter [of John Biset junior deceased]" appointed "David de Graham her husband" to receive her share of her father’s lands[767]. David [IV] & his wife had [two] children:

i) PATRICK [III] de Graham ([after 1280]-after 19 Jul 1333). Edward I King of England granted the marriage of "Patricii filii et heredis David de Graham defuncti" to "Robertus de Feltone" by charter dated 17 Mar 1298[768]. An undated charter, dated to before 5 Dec 1298, records a dispute between Archibald Bishop of Moray and "dominum Willelmum de Fentwine militem et dominum David de Graham militem ac eiusdem David heredem Patricium" about "ecclesie de Kyntalargyn…et…piscaria de Esse fluminis de Thorn" to the hospital of Spey[769]. Patrick de Graham was sent as a prisoner to the Tower of London in 1304[770]. Patrick probably remained a prisoner in England until after the battle of Bannockburn[771]. "Cecilia Bysath sponsa quondam domini Willielmi de Fentoun" donated "tertiam partem terræ de Altyr" to Beauly priory by undated charter, dated to after 1315, witnessed by "Domino Patricio de Grahame milite…"[772]. "Patricius de Graham" donated "tertiam partem meam terræ de Altre" to Beauly priory by undated charter, dated to [1315/25], which names "nobilis memoriæ dominus Johannes Byseth…domini David patris mei", witnessed by "…Alexandro Corbuyt, Alano de Lasculis"[773]. Balfour Paul records that Patrick [III] was taken prisoner at the battle of Halidon Hill in 1333[774]. m [--- of Argyll, daughter of JOHN of Argyll & his wife ---. Balfour Paul says that Patrick [III] “married a daughter of John of Argyll, it would appear without the consent of Robert de Felton to whom...his marriage had been granted by King Edward I”. He adds that “there is no record of his issue, but from the fact that Hugh Fraser Lord of Lovat in 1367 did homage to the Bishop of Moray for Kiltarlity and the fishings of Farrar, it has been supposed that he left a daughter through whom his share of Lovat was carried to the Frasers”. He also says that “it appears from an instrument of resignation of William the Graham, son and heir of Henry the Graham, in favour of Thomas Earl of Moray his overlord dated at Chanonry 2 Aug 1420, that the lands of Kerdale belonged to a family of Graham to the early part of the 15th century...”[775].]

ii) [--- de Graham . m ---. One child:

(a) MARGARET de Graham (-after 1341). Balfour Paul says that her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter of her son Hugh Earl of Ross which names Patrick de Graham "avunculus meus", but assumes that this means that her father was David Graham and her husband William Earl of Ross[776]. From a chronological point of view, this seems improbable. It is more likely that Earl Hugh addresses Patrick de Graham as "avunculus", meaning his wife’s uncle, in which case his wife was the daughter of one of Patrick’s brothers. [The marriage contract between "Alexm de Moravia de Drumsergorth" and "dominam Eufemiam…Reginam Scocie…dnam Joneta de Munymuske sorore dicte dne Regine" is dated 24 Nov 1370[777]. The chronology suggests that Janet must have been the queen’s uterine sister, born from her mother’s second marriage, otherwise the bride would have been in her late thirties at the time of the marriage. If that is correct, Janet would have been Margaret’s daughter by John de Barclay.] m firstly (before 1329, Papal dispensation 24 Nov 1329) as his second wife, HUGH Earl of Ross, son of WILLIAM de Ross Earl of Ross & his wife Eupheme --- (-killed in battle Halidon Hill 19 Jul 1333, bur Fearn). m secondly (Papal dispensation 13 Apr 1341) JOHN de Barclay, son of ---.

1. JOHN de Graham (-hanged 28 Feb 1347). Balfour Paul states that, according to Fraser, John de Graham Earl of Menteith was a younger son of Patrick [II] de Graham[778], but also cites a contrary view[779]. From a chronological point of view, it seems unlikely that John could have been the son of Patrick de Graham and his wife Annabella, whose marriage has been dated to [1251/60], given the date of John’s own marriage. Earl of Menteith, de iure uxoris. m (before 1334, Papal dispensation 1 May 1334) MARY de Menteith, daughter of ALAN de Menteith Earl of Menteith & his wife Marjory [Macduff?] ([1300/06?]-before 29 Apr 1360). Balfour Paul notes the date of the Papal dispensation for her marriage but says that “they had been married sometime before that date” (no source cited)[780]. Follow her hyperlink for other information about Mary and for the couple’s daughter Margaret who was heiress of Menteith.

1. JOHN de Graham . m ---. John & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN de Graham . "Johannes de Grame filius et heres Johannis de Grame de Achyncloych" relinquished "crofto iacente in villa de Dalketh" to "domino meo domino Jacobo de Douglas militi domino de Dalketh" by charter dated 12 Apr 1370[781]. m ---. John & his wife had one child:

i) ALAN de Graham . An undated charter records an agreement between "Alanus de Grahame filius et heres quondam dñi Johannis de Grahame militis" and "Jacobo de Douglas dño de Abirdoure"[782].

DAVID [V] de Graham, son of PATRICK [II] de Graham & his wife Annabella of Strathearn (-after 5 Mar 1325). [Balfour Paul records that "Malise Earl of Strathearn" [David’s maternal uncle] granted “the lands of Kincardine and others” to “David de Graham” by charter dated to [1260/71] but does not provide the source reference[783]. It is not certain whether this grant refers to David [V] or his paternal uncle David [IV]. However, a grant of land by Earl Malise is best explained by a close family relationship, which would only be the case if the grantee was David [V].] "…Domino Patricio de Grahame, Johanne filio meo primogenito…" witnessed the charter dated 1272 under which "Alexander dominus de Striueling miles" confirmed the donation of the church "in villa de Alueth" to Cambuskenneth priory[784]. A charter dated 16 May 1296 names "…David son of Patrick de Graham…" among those captured at Dunbar castle (27 Apr 1296[785]) and sent to the Tower of London[786]. Balfour Paul records that "Sir David de Graham pater" was granted land by Robert I King of Scotland by two charters dated 5 Mar 1325[787]. Balfour Paul says that "the date of the death of Sir David de Graham is not known, but probably he died about the same time as his great sovereign"[788].

m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known.

David [V] & his wife had two children:

1. DAVID [VI] de Graham (-after 30 Nov 1376). "David de Grahame miles dñs de Dundass" confirmed the grant of "terris montium de Dundass" to "dño Jacobo de Douglas militis dño de Dalketh" by charter dated 20 Feb 1369 witnessed by "…Patricio de Grahame filio meo et herede, David de Grahame filio meo…"[789]. m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known. David [VI] & his wife had two children:

a) PATRICK de Graham of Dundaff and Kincardine (-after 6 May 1400). "David de Grahame miles dñs de Dundass" confirmed the grant of "terris montium de Dundass" to "dño Jacobo de Douglas militis dño de Dalketh" by charter dated 20 Feb 1369 witnessed by "…Patricio de Grahame filio meo et herede, David de Grahame filio meo…"[790]. m firstly MATILDA, daughter of ---. "Angus Hawincross of that Ilk" granted “part of the lands at Boclair” to “Patrick of Graham knight son and heir to David de Graham Lord of Dundaff and Matilda wife of the said Patrick” by charter dated 24 Aug 1372[791]. m secondly ([1384]) EGIDIA Stewart, daughter of JOHN Stewart of Ralston & his wife ---. Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage, noting that she was ancestress of the Grahams, Earls of Strathearn (no sources cited)[792]. Burnett says that “they seem to have been married about 1384”, citing accounts dated Mar 1384 (O.S.) and Apr 1386 “to Sir Patrick of Graham in virtue of the contract of marriage between himself and the King’s niece”[793]. Patrick & his first wife had two children:

i) WILLIAM Graham of Kincardine (-1424). m firstly ---. m secondly (13 Nov 1413) as her third husband, Lady MARY Stewart, widow firstly of GEORGE Douglas Earl of Angus and secondly of WILLIAM Cunningham, daughter of ROBERT III King of Scotland & his wife Annabel Drummond (-after 1458, bur Strathblane). Balfour Paul records her parentage and four marriages, noting that ”she was dead in 1458, and was buried in the parish church of Strathblane”[794]. She married fourthly (1425) William Edmonton of Duntreath. William & his first wife had three children:

(a) ALEXANDER Graham (-[14 Mar 1416/1420]).

- LORDS GRAHAM, later DUKES of MONTROSE[795].

(b) JOHN Graham (-[after 21 Jan 1427]).

(c) ELIZABETH Graham (-after 1416). Balfour Paul states that Robert Keith was betrothed to "Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Graham" who had a dispensation dated 1 Aug 1404 to marry "Walter [Stewart] Earl of Caithness"[796]. Accounts dated 1416 record payments to “Johanni Stewart de Dundonald, fratri naturali quondam regis”, noting “ut patet literas Elizabeth de Grame, sponse sue, sub sigillo domini de Grahame, patris sui”[797]. Burnett suggests that “unless illegitimate” Elizabeth must have been born from her father’s first marriage, as her father’s second wife “Mary Countess of Angus...was Sir John Stewart’s niece”[798]. Betrothed (dispensation 1 Aug 1404[799]) to WALTER Stewart Earl of Atholl, son of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his second wife Eupheme of Ross ([after 13 Aug 1362]-beheaded Edinburgh 26 Mar 1437). m JOHN Stewart of Dundonald “the Red Stewart”, illegitimate son of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his mistress --- (-killed Dunbarton 1425).

William & his second wife had children:

(d) ROBERT Graham (-after 1420).

(e) PATRICK Graham .

(f) WILLIAM Graham of Garvock (-after 1473).

(g) HENRY Graham .

(h) WALTER Graham (-after 31 Dec 1450).

ii) MATILDA Graham . m JOHN Drummond of Concraig, son of ---.

Patrick & his second wife had children:

iii) PATRICK Graham (-killed in battle Crieff 10 Aug 1413). Earl of Strathearn, de iure uxoris. m (dispensation 4 May 1414) to his first cousin once removed, EUPHEME Stewart Ctss Palatine of Strathearn, daughter of DAVID Stewart Earl Palatine of Strathearn, Earl of Caithness & his wife --- Lindsay ([1378]-1415). The Liber Pluscardensis names "comitem David de Strathern" as father of "comitissæ eiusdem" who married "fratre domini de Graham Willelmo"[800].

iv) ROBERT Graham of Kinpunt .

v) DAVID Graham (-after 1406).

vi) ALEXANDER Graham (-after 23 Oct 1460).

b) DAVID [VII] de Graham . "David de Grahame miles dñs de Dundass" confirmed the grant of "terris montium de Dundass" to "dño Jacobo de Douglas militis dño de Dalketh" by charter dated 20 Feb 1369 witnessed by "…Patricio de Grahame filio meo et herede, David de Grahame filio meo…"[801].

2. PATRICK de Graham (-after 1362).

HAMILTON

William Fraser records that “the origin of the family of Hamilton...is like that of many other noble families in Scotland involved in obscurity”[802]. He dismisses the family’s supposed descent from “the family of Bellamont, Earls of Leicester, through a younger son of the third Earl” as “imaginary”[803]. Riddell indicates that “[the] vaunted Hamilton descent from the English Earls of Leicester...can be refuted by the strictest legal evidence” (although he cites none)[804]. Joseph Bain says that “[he] has not seen anywhere that the argument in support of the Hamilton origin from Leicester, the cinquefoils in their shield, may also hold good for Northumberland, where the well-known Umfranvilles...bore a single cinquefoilon the shield”, suggesting that “a vassal adopting this would add to the number of the charges, and here is possibly the origin of the three cinquefoils in the Hamilton escutcheon”[805]. The Hamilton family was studied in the 1820s by John Anderson, who argues the alleged Leicester origin of the family, unconvincingly suggesting Hugh de Beaumont “Hugo the Pauper”, son of Robert de Beaumont-le-Roger Comte de Meulan (see the document NORMANDY NOBILITY-ALENÇON, EVREUX, MEULAN; PERCHE), as their ancestor[806].

1. RICHARD de Hameldon (-after [1196/97]). Accounts of the bishopric of Durham, dated to [1196/97], record payments to “...Richard de Hameldon...”[807].

2. ROBERT de Hameldon (-after [27 Apr] 1209). Pleas in Northumberland, dated to [27 Apr] 1209, include “...Robert de Hameldon...” among those chosen for “the great assize between Hugh de Balliol, plaintiff, and Robert Bertram, defendant” concerning “land in Pentemore”[808].

1. THOMAS de Hameldon . "...Thoma de Homeldun et Rogero filio eius…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to the [late] 12th century) in which "Walterus de Wildleshoueres" donated land "in territorio de Cliftona..." to Melrose abbey[809]. m ---. The name of Thomas’s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had one child:

a) ROGER de Hameldon . "...Thoma de Homeldun et Rogero filio eius…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to the [late] 12th century) in which "Walterus de Wildleshoueres" donated land "in territorio de Cliftona..." to Melrose abbey[810].

2. ROGER de Hameldon (-after 1245). Burton records, relating to Whitby abbey’s rights in Oxenham [Roxburghshire], that “...Roger de Hameldun quit-claimed to John, Abbot of Whitby [elected abbot 1245]...all his right herein”[811].

3. ROBERT de Hameldon . "...Rob de Hameld...Rog de Hameld…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to the 13th century) in which "Robertus de Muscamp filius Roberti de Muscamp" donated land "in territorio de Hethpol...ad Trolhopeburne..." to Melrose abbey[812].

4. RICHARD de Hameldon . "...Rob de Hameld...Rog de Hameld…" witnessed the undated charter (dated to the 13th century) in which "Robertus de Muscamp filius Roberti de Muscamp" donated land "in territorio de Hethpol...ad Trolhopeburne..." to Melrose abbey[813].

5. GILBERT de Hameldon (-after Dec 1272). "…Gilberto de Hameldun clerico..." witnessed the charter dated early Dec 1272 under which "Thomas de Cragyn filius et heres Johanne Hose" confirmed "ecclesie de Cragyn" to Paisley monastery[814].

1. GILBERT [de Hameldon] (-[killed in battle Bannockburn 24 Jun 1314]). Andrew Stuart records “Sir Gilbert de Hamilton, who obtained from Robert de Brus a grant of the barony of Cadzow” who “was killed at Bannockburn in 1314” (no source cited)[815]. This information has not been corroborated. Riddell suggests that “[these] tradition[s] concerning Sir Gilbert Hamilton...are all ideal...”[816]. The 1294 and 1296 charters of his son Walter, cited below, suggest that his father was either deceased at the time or had retired from public life. No primary source has yet been found which names Gilbert in his own capacity, unless he was the same person as "…Gilberto de Hameldun clerico..." named in the early Dec 1272 charter cited above, in which case he would of course have later resigned his ecclesiastical status. m ---. The name of Gilbert’s wife is not known. Gilbert & his wife had [three] children:

a) WALTER [de Hameldon/Hamilton] (-[after 1333, maybe before 1346]). Andrew Stuart names “Sir Walter de Hamilton, and the second Sir John de Hamilton of Rossaven...” as the two sons of “Sir Gilbert de Hamilton...killed at Bannockburn in 1314” (no source cited)[817]. "…Waltero filio Gilberti, laycis" witnessed the charter dated early Jan 1294 (O.S.?) under which "Jacobus Senescallus Scotie" confirmed rights "infra baroniam de Renfru" to Paisley monastery[818].

- see below.

b) [JOHN de Hamilton . Andrew Stuart names “Sir John de Hamilton of Rossaven, who in some of the Genealogical Histories is described as ancestor of the Hamiltons of Preston and its branches” as the second son of “Sir Gilbert de Hamilton...killed at Bannockburn in 1314” (no source cited)[819].]

c) HUGH . Andrew Stuart records an undated charter (“in the possession of the Robertsons of Earnock”) “granted by John Logan”, witnessed by “Walterus filius Gilbert et Hugo frater eiusdem”[820].

The identity of the first husband of Janet Keith is uncertain, although his being a member of the Hamilton family is confirmed by the charters cited below which name his sons. Balfour Paul names him “David Hamilton of Cadzow, who died before 1392”[821], while William Fraser records “David Fitz Walter [Hamilton of Cadzow]” between 1346 and 1375, and names “his wife Janet, whose surname is said to be Keith”[822]. The dates 1375 and 1392 are both incompatible with David Hamilton having been Janet’s first husband. Andrew Stuart reviews the sources which name “Sir David Hamilton of Cadzow, ancestor of the Duke of Hamilton’s family”, shows that his wife was a different member of the Keith family, and suggests that “John de Hamilton of Rossaven or his brother Hugo” was Janet’s first husband[823]. From a chronological point of view that suggestion seems unlikely to be correct, considering that their brother Walter was already adult when first named in Jan 1294 (O.S.) as shown above. It seems more likely that Janet’s husband would have been the son of a brother of Walter. Whoever her first husband, it is likely that he died before [1359/64?] considering the likely birth dates of her older children by her second husband.

1. --- Hamilton ([1325?]-[before [1359/64?]). His connection with the Hamilton family is discussed above. m ([1350?]) as her first husband, JANET Keith, daughter of WILLIAM Keith of Galston & his wife --- ([before 1336?]-after 24 Mar 1407). Andrew Stuart discusses her father’s career and notes his death “in 1336 or 1339”, suggesting that Janet would have been of marriageable age in “1346 or 1349” and also that “from the known ages of her children by Alexander Stewart...she must have married him before the year 1371” [which date seems late bearing in mind the chronology of her children by her second marriage][824]. Her first husband’s family origin is confirmed by the sources cited below which name her sons by this first marriage. She married secondly ([1359/64?]) Alexander Stewart of Darnley. John Stewart Earl of Carrick granted “manerium capitale de Galstoun...in Baronia nostra de Kyle infra vicecomitatum de Air...fuerunt Janetæ de Keth...sua pura et libera viduitate” to “consanguineo suo Alexandro Senescalli fili Alexandri Senescalli de Derneley...precistæ Janetæ sponsæ suæ” by undated charter[825]. She is named in the 10 Feb 1406 (O.S.) and 24 Mar 1407 charters cited below under her children: Two children:

a) ANDREW de Hamilton (-after 10 Feb 1407). “Johanna de Keth domina de Gallyston...in libera viduitate mea” granted “terras meas de Gallyston...” to [her son by her first marriage] “filio meo Andreæ de Hamilton” by charter dated 11 Dec 1406, witnessed by “...Willielmo de Hamilton filio meo militibus...Johanne Senescall filio meo domino de Cruickistoun...”, confirmed by Robert Stewart Duke of Albany 10 Feb 1406 (O.S.)[826].

b) WILLIAM de Hamilton (-after 24 Mar 1407). Robert Stewart Duke of Albany confirmed that “consanguinea nostra Janeta de Kecht domina de Gallystoun” granted “terris suis villæ de Bathkat...” to [her son by her first marriage] “consanguineo nostro Willelmo de Hamylton militi filio suo” by charter dated 24 Mar 1407[827].

WALTER [de Hameldon/Hamilton], son of GILBERT [de Hameldon] & his wife --- (-[after 1333, maybe before 1346]). Andrew Stuart names “Sir Walter de Hamilton, and the second Sir John de Hamilton of Rossaven...” as the two sons of “Sir Gilbert de Hamilton...killed at Bannockburn in 1314” (no source cited)[828]. "…Waltero filio Gilberti, laycis" witnessed the charter dated early Jan 1294 (O.S.?) under which "Jacobus Senescallus Scotie" confirmed rights "infra baroniam de Renfru" to Paisley monastery[829]. "…Waltero filio Gilberti..." witnessed the undated charter under which "Herbertus de Maxwell miles" donated annual payments from "molendinorum meorum de Mernes in le Aldton..." to Paisley monastery[830]. The Ragman Roll names "…Wauter fiz Gilbert de Hameldone…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[831]. Fraser records that King Edward I granted “the lands of Ughtrotherestrother (now Crawford Priory) in Fife” to Walter in 1306, although they were claimed by “Thomas de Grey” (no sources cited)[832]. "…Waltero filio Gilberti, militibus…" witnessed the charter dated early Nov 1313 under which "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" confirmed "ecclesiam de Kylpatrick in Levenax" to Paisley monastery[833]. King Robert I granted "tenementum de Machane quod fuit quondam Johannis Comyn cum pertinenciis in valle de Clude" to “Waltero filio Gilberti...et heredibus suis inter ipsum et Mariam de Gordoune sponsam suam...procreatis”, failing whom to “heredibus eiusdem Walteri de uxore sua priore...genitis”, by charter dated 3 Mar 1314 (O.S.)[834]. "Walterus filius Gilberti" donated "vestimenta" to the church of Glasgow, for the salvation of "mee et Mariote uxoris mee ac pro anima Helene uxoris quondam mee", by charter dated 12 Jul 1320[835]. King Robert I granted "Baroniam de Kenel in vicecomitatu de Edenburg...cum terris de Lethberd et de Aldcathi..." to “Waltero filio Gilberti militi...et Marie sponse sue...et heredibus suis de corporibus suis...procreatis”, by charter dated 28 Jul 1323[836]. Andrew Stuart says that Robert I King of Scotland granted “the barony of Kinniel” to Walter in 1324, and that Walter “appears to have been at the battle of Halidonhill in 1333” (no sources cited)[837]. On the last point, Hailes records “Walter FitzGilbert” among those who fought at Halidon Hill in the “Second Body”, led by “Robert, Stewart of Scotland” (no source cited)[838]. Balfour Paul says that, if that is correct, Walter must "have escaped from that conflict...but...there is no evidence", and says that “he appears...to have died before 1346” (no source cited)[839].

m firstly HELENA, daughter of ---. "Walterus filius Gilberti" donated "vestimenta" to the church of Glasgow, for the salvation of "mee et Mariote uxoris mee ac pro anima Helene uxoris quondam mee", by charter dated 12 Jul 1320[840].

m secondly ([1300?]) MARY Gordon, daughter of ---. Balfour Paul says that Mary “is assumed to be a daughter of Sir Adam Gordon of Gordon” (no source cited)[841]. If the birth of her son David is correctly estimated to [1300/05?] as suggested below, Mary would have married [1300?], a date which is consistent with her husband being adult in 1294 (see above). King Robert I granted "tenementum de Machane quod fuit quondam Johannis Comyn cum pertinenciis in valle de Clude" to “Waltero filio Gilberti...et heredibus suis inter ipsum et Mariam de Gordoune sponsam suam...procreatis”, failing whom to “heredibus eiusdem Walteri de uxore sua priore...genitis”, by charter dated 3 Mar 1314 (O.S.)[842]. "Walterus filius Gilberti" donated "vestimenta" to the church of Glasgow, for the salvation of "mee et Mariote uxoris mee ac pro anima Helene uxoris quondam mee", by charter dated 12 Jul 1320[843]. King Robert I granted "Baroniam de Kenel in vicecomitatu de Edenburg...cum terris de Lethberd et de Aldcathi..." to “Waltero filio Gilberti militi...et Marie sponse sue...et heredibus suis de corporibus suis...procreatis”, by charter dated 28 Jul 1323[844].

Walter & his first wife had [one or more] children:

1. [one or more] [daughter(s)?] (-before 1323). The 3 Mar 1314 (O.S.) charter cited above under Walter’s second wife refers to “the heirs by his previous wife” as substitute holders of the propery granted if his second wife died without surviving children. Their being passed over in the first place in favour of the children by his second marriage suggests that they may have been daughters, as presumably an older son and heir would not have been ignored.

Walter & his second wife had two children:

2. DAVID FitzWalter [Hamilton] ([1300/05?]-[1375/78]). If the birth of his oldest grandson John is correctly dated to [1350/60?] as shown below, his grandfather David could have been born [1300/05?]. King David II confirmed a grant of “the barony of Cadzow...in the sheriffdom of Lanark”, made by his father to "the deceased Walter filio Gilberti knight, father of David Fitz-Walter knight", and granted further property to David by charter dated 27 Dec 1368[845]. “...Dominus David filius Walteri dicti de Hamilton...” witnessed the undated charter cited below under his brother John. m ---. The primary source which names David’s wife has not been identified. Balfour Paul highlights Anderson’s opinion that David “appears to have married a daughter of William Earl of Ross”, but concludes that “there is no corroborative evidence”[846]. David & his wife had [five] children:

a) DAVID Hamilton ([1325/35?]-[Oct 1381/14 May 1392]). King Robert II, citing an earlier grant to “Sir Robert Erskyne”, confirmed that the latter had exchanged the property with "David de Hamylton, son and heir of David filio Walteri, knight", by charter dated 11 Nov 1375[847].

- see below.

b) JOHN Hamilton of Fingaltoun (-after 21 May 1395, maybe killed in battle Homildon Hill 14 Sep 1402, or died after 14 Sep 1402). Balfour Paul says that John “is usually said to be the brother of Sir Walter FitzGilbert, but the evidence adduced is very insufficient, and as he is described more than once as ‘uncle’ of Joh Hamilton, son of David, he appears rather to be a grandson of Sir Walter”[848]. “John de Hamilton Lord of Cadzow” granted "the...lands of Bawdriston..." to “Adam Forester of Corstorfyne” by charter dated 21 May 1395, witnessed by “John de Hamylton Lord of Fyngaltoun, the granter’s uncle, George of Prestoun, knights, John of Hamilton the granter’s brother...”[849]. Balfour Paul says that he “was present at the conflict of Momildon on 14 September 1402, and was either killed or taken prisoner there”[850]. Balfour Paul says that he “is said to have been twice married, first to Jane, daughter and heiress of Sir James Lyddell of Preston, and secondly to Anna, daughter of Sir William Seton of that Ilk”, adding that he “was the ancestor of the family of Hamilton of Preston, now represented by Sir William Stirling Hamilton, Bart.”[851].

- HAMILTON of PRESTON.

c) [WALTER Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “two other sons, Walter said to be ancestor of the Hamiltons of Cambuskeith and Sanquhar in Ayrshire, and Alan, described as of Larbert, are assigned to Sir David, but no direct evidence has been found”[852].]

d) [ALAN Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “two other sons, Walter said to be ancestor of the Hamiltons of Cambuskeith and Sanquhar in Ayrshire, and Alan, described as of Larbert, are assigned to Sir David, but no direct evidence has been found”[853].]

e) [--- Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “David FitzWalter appears to have had a daughter married to Simon Robertson of Earnock, as his grandson Sir John Hamilton of Cadzow designates John Roberton, son of Simon, as his cousin in a charter about 1390, granting him the lands of Earnock”[854]. m SIMON Roberton of Earnock, son of ---.]

3. JOHN Hamilton (-after 1394). A charter of "Adam More of Rowallan", dated at Maldislie 17 Feb 1383 (O.S.), names “John son of Walter styled of Hamilton”[855]. A document dated 20 Sep 1451 names him as living in 1394[856]. Balfour Paul says that he was ancestor of “the Hamiltons of Innerwick and the Earls of Haddington”[857]. m ELIZABETH Stewart, daughter of ALAN Stewart of Dreghorn & his wife ---. Andrew Stuart records her parentage and marriage, noting that “John Stewart dominus de Crookstoun” granted “terras meas de Ballincrieff, Elliotston, et Cousland...infra Baroniam de Bathgate in vicecomitatu Laudoniæ” to “Johanni filio Walteri dicti de Hamilton et Elizabethæ sponsæ suæ sorori nostræ” by undated charter (dated by Stuart to “not long before 1369”), witnessed by “Dominus Robertus de Erskine dominus eiusdem, dominus Alexander Seneschallus frater noster vicecomes de Lanark, dominus David filius Walteri dicti de Hamilton...”[858]. John & his wife had one child:

a) [ALEXANDER Hamilton of Innerwick (-[after 1406?]). Balfour Paul records his parentage, noting that he “is said to have survived till the reign of James I”[859]. He is named in his wife’s [1390] charter cited below. m (Papal dispensation 15 Sep 1361, married later?) ELIZABETH Stewart, daughter of THOMAS Stewart Earl of Angus, Lord of Abernethy & his wife Margaret de St Clair (-after [1390]). Robert II King of Scotland granted licence to “consanguinee nostre Elizabeth Senescalli filie iuniori et uni heredum quondam Thome Senescalli comitis Angusie consanguinei nostri” to enfeoff “seniorem sororem suam Margaretam comitissam de Marre alteram heredum dicti comitis consanguineam nostram” by charter dated 28 Feb 1378[860]. “Margareta comitissa de Angus et de Marre” granted “terras nostras dominii de Inuerwike...in constabularia de Hadingtoun de Balnebyn et de Drumcarne in dominio de Abrenethy...” to “fratri nostro Alexandro de Hamilton et Elisabeth sorori nostre sponse sue” by charter dated to [1390][861].] Alexander & his wife had [one child]:

i) [--- Hamilton . No primary source has been found which names this supposed person. However, as noted below, the chronology suggests the existence of another generation between Alexander Hamilton and Archibald Hamilton. m ---. [One child]:]

(1) [ARCHIBALD Hamilton of Innerwick . Balfour Paul records Archibald as son of Alexander Hamilton and his wife, noting documents dated 1454, 10 May 1458, [1458/65] in which he was named and adding that he “died between 1482 and Jul 1488”[862]. However, all these dates are incompatible with Alexander’s marriage shown above, suggesting that Archibald may have been Alexander’s grandson not his son.] m [MARGARET Montgomerie, daughter of JOHN Montgomerie of Thornton & his wife ---. Balfour Paul says that Archibald “is said to have married Margaret, daughter of John Montgomerie of Thornton, but there is no direct evidence of this” (no source cited)[863].] Archibald & his wife had children:

- HAMILTON of INNERWICK, EARLS of HADDINGTON (from 1627)[864].

DAVID Hamilton, son of DAVID FitzWalter [Hamilton] & his wife --- ([1325/35?]-[Oct 1381/14 May 1392]). If the birth of his oldest son John is correctly dated to [1350/60?] as shown below, David would have been born [1325/35?]. King Robert II, citing an earlier grant to “Sir Robert Erskyne”, confirmed that the latter had exchanged the property with "David de Hamylton, son and heir of David filio Walteri, knight", by charter dated 11 Nov 1375[865]. Balfour Paul says that David was “alive in October 1381, but the date of his death is uncertain, though it must have taken place before 1392, when his son was Lord of Cadzow” (no sources cited)[866].

m ([1350/60?]) ---. The primary source which confirms the name of David’s wife has not been identified. William Fraser records “David Fitz Walter [Hamilton of Cadzow]” between 1346 and 1375, and names “his wife Janet, whose surname is said to be Keith”[867]. Andrew Stuart reviews the sources which name “Sir David Hamilton of Cadzow, ancestor of the Duke of Hamilton’s family” and indicates that his wife was “Janet Keith daughter of Sir William Keith Marishall of Scotland”[868]. That deduction is unsatisfactory considering William’s daughter, also named Janet, who married Philip de Arbuthnott (see below). The Keith family has not been studied in sufficient detail to explain these anomalies. David’s wife is linked to the Keith family for presentational purposes as follows: Janet Keith, daughter of ---, but another possibility is that his wife was not named “Janet Keith” at all. Balfour Paul says that [her son] Andrew “had a charter on 11 December 1406 from his mother of lands in Ayrshire” (no source cited)[869], but he is again confusing the wife of David Hamilton with the wife of “--- Hamilton”.

David & his wife had [six] children:

1. JOHN Hamilton ([1350/60?]-after 28 Oct 1398, maybe killed in battle Homildon Hill 14 Sep 1402). His birth date is estimated very approximately from his likely marriage date, mainly to test the family chronology. John Hamilton was named with his brothers William and Andrew in a charter dated 1392[870]. “John de Hamilton Lord of Cadzow” granted "the...lands of Bawdriston..." to “Adam Forester of Corstorfyne” by charter dated 21 May 1395, witnessed by “John de Hamylton Lord of Fyngaltoun, the granter’s uncle, George of Prestoun, knights, John of Hamilton the granter’s brother...”[871]. The explanation for his resignation of his lands 25 Jul 1397, recorded in the 28 Jul 1397 charter cited below under his son James, has not been found: maybe it was due to some form of incapacity. Balfour Paul notes that “there is no information as to when he died, unless he be the Sir John Hamilton, elder, who appears in a list of prisoners and killed at Homildon 14 September 1402”[872]. m (before 8 Nov 1388) JACQUELINE Douglas, daughter of JAMES Douglas of Dalkeith & his [second] wife Agnes de Dunbar ([1373/75?]-after 19 Dec 1392). Her birth date is estimated from her parents’ marriage date and the likely birth date of her oldest son. Robert II King of Scotland confirmed “baronia de Kynele...” to “Johi de Hamiltoue de Cadyhow militi” and his heirs by “Jacobe de Douglas filie...fratris nostri Jacobi de Douglas de Dalketh sponse sue” by charter dated 8 Nov “Anno regni nostri octodecimo” [1388][873]. The testament of "Jacobus de Douglas dominus de Dalkeith", dated 30 Sep 1390, bequeathed property to "Jacobe filie mee… " and appointed executors “...dominum Johannem de Hamylton dominum de Cadyhow dominum Johannem de Leuyngstoun dominum de Calentare...”[874]. A second testament of "Jacobus de Douglas dominus de Dalkeith", dated 19 Dec 1392, bequeathed property to “Jacobe filie mee [including unam obligationem...per dominum Johannem de Hamyltone]...”[875]. Jacqueline was named first among the beneficiaries in both testaments. John & his wife had three children:

a) JAMES Hamilton ([1390?]-[24 May 1426/20 May 1441]). His birth date is suggested from the likely birth date of his mother and the estimated birth date of his oldest son, bearing in mind that James was recorded as a minor in the next document. King Robert III granted “the...lands of Kenel...within the sheriffdom of Edinburgh which had belonged to John Hamilton and were resigned by him in the King’s hands at Dumbarton on 25 July 1397” to "James de Hamilton, son and heir of John de Hamylton of Cadzow, knight", “reserving...to John Hamilton and David Fleming...contracts between them...respecting the marriage of James Hamilton and the tutory...of himself and his lands until he shall arrive at lawful age”, by charter dated 28 Jul 1397[876]. James Hamilton and his brother David were granted safe conduct to visit Calthorpe Castle in Lincolnshire, dated 6 Sep 1413[877]. Balfour Paul records that he “was one of the Scottish Barons who had safe conduct to meet King James I at Durham” dated Feb 1423 (O.S.), was one of “the hostages who were given as security for payment of the King’s ransom...first consigned to Fotheringhay and thense transferred to Dover Castle. The last notice of him as a hostage appears to be 24 May 1426”[878]. He presumably died before 20 May 1441 when his son is named Lord of Cadzow. m JANET Livingstone, daughter of ALEXANDER Livingstone Lord of Callendar & his wife --- (-after 20 Oct 1422). “Alexander of Levinstoun Lord of Kalender” granted "the...lands of Schawys in the barony of Mawchan and the sheriffdom of Lanark" to “James of Hamilton Lord of Cadoch and to his spouse Janet of Levynstoun, the granter’s daughter” by charter dated 20 Oct 1422, witnessed by “Thomas de Lowis, John de Levingston de Kalendar, Thomas de Hamylton...squires”[879]. James & his wife had [six] children:

i) JAMES Hamilton ([1415?]-6 Nov 1479). King James I granted “the lands of Dalserf in the barony of Machane and sheriffdom of Lanark, belonging to the King by reason of escheat, because James Hamilton of Cadzow had conferred the lands on David of Hamilton his brother...without the consent of the King...” to "James of Hamilton, son and apparent heir of James Hamilton of Cadzow...as freely as his father had held them" by charter dated 18 Apr 1426[880]. Lord of Cadzow. Lord Hamilton 3 Jul 1445.

- see below.

ii) ALEXANDER Hamilton (-after 1455). A charter of entail dated 1455 named “James Lord Hamilton, his lawful heirs, his natural son James, and his brothers and their issue in succession”[881]. Balfour Paul said that he was “probably the father of James Hamilton of Schawfiled who...had a charter of Whitecamp in 1474” and “is said to be the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Silvertonhill” (no source cited)[882].

iii) JOHN Hamilton (-[14 Jun 1449/1455]). “Sir James of Hamyltoun, knight, lord of Cadzow” granted land to "his kinsman or cousin James of Hamyltoun, son of the late Walter of Hamyltoun" by charter dated 20 May 1441, witnessed by “John of Hamyltoun and Gawin of Hamyltown, the granter’s brothers...”[883]. “William Balze lord of Lammyntown knight” appointed "John of Hamilton, brother of Sir James of Hamilton, knight lord of Cadzow, and Arthur of Hamilton, son of Andrew Hamilton" as proxies for a land transaction by charter dated 13 Aug 1442[884]. Balfour Paul notes a charter dated 14 Jun 1449 in which he received “the lands of Whitecamp and Kirkhope” and died “some time before 1455 leaving two sons William and Robert named in the entails of that year, but they must have died without issue...”[885].

iv) GAVIN Hamilton (-before 29 May 1493). “Sir James of Hamyltoun, knight, lord of Cadzow” granted land to "his kinsman or cousin James of Hamyltoun, son of the late Walter of Hamyltoun" by charter dated 20 May 1441, witnessed by “John of Hamyltoun and Gawin of Hamyltown, the granter’s brothers...”[886]. Provost of the Collegiate Church of Bothwell. Balfour Paul says that “he is claimed as the ancestor of the Hamiltons, Barons Dalzell, and their cadets”, through his illegitimate children[887].

v) [AGNES Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “Agnes Hamilton, who was married to Sir James Hamilton of Preston, is believed to be a daughter of this Lord of Cadzow”[888]. m JAMES Hamilton of Preston, son of ---.]

vi) [ELIZABETH Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “Elizabeth, a daughter is said to have been married to --- Chalmers of Gadgirth”[889]. m --- Chalmers of Gadgirth, son of ---.]

b) DAVID Hamilton (-after 18 Apr 1426). James Hamilton and his brother David were granted safe conduct to visit Calthorpe Castle in Lincolnshire, dated 6 Sep 1413[890]. David is named in the 18 Apr 1426 charter cited above under his nephew James Hamilton. Balfour Paul says that “he is said to be the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Dalserf”[891].

c) WALTER Hamilton (-before 20 May 1441). He is named as deceased in the 20 May 1441 charter, cited below under his son James, referring to “Roplache” [Raploch, Lanarkshire] from which Balfour Paul deduces that he “therefore seems to be the true ancestor of the Hamiltons of Raploch and others”[892]. m ---. Walter & his wife had one child:

i) JAMES Hamilton . “Sir James of Hamyltoun, knight, lord of Cadzow” granted "the lands of Roplache...” to “his kinsman or cousin James of Hamyltoun, son of the late Walter of Hamyltoun" by charter dated 20 May 1441, witnessed by “John of Hamyltoun and Gawin of Hamyltown, the granter’s brothers, Arthur of Hamyltoun, William Balze, Alexander of Hamyltoun and Thomas Hamyltoun of Nelysland”[893].

2. WILLIAM Hamilton (-after 1392). John Hamilton was named with his brothers William and Andrew in a charter dated 1392. He also says that William’s mother Janet Keith granted “the lands of Bathgate and others” to William[894], but he confuses her with the wife of “--- de Hamilton” who is named above. Balfour Paul says that William “was the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Bathgate” (no source cited)[895], but it is unsure whether he was referring to William son of David or William son of “--- de Hamilton”.

3. ANDREW Hamilton (-after 1392). John Hamilton was named with his brothers William and Andrew in a charter dated 1392[896]. Balfour Paul says that Andrew “had a charter on 11 December 1406 from his mother of lands in Ayrshire” and “is said to be the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Udstoun” (no sources cited)[897], but he is confusing Andrew with the son of “--- de Hamilton” who is named above.

4. JOHN Hamilton of Buthernock/Baldernock (-after 21 May 1395). Duncan Earl of Lennox granted “terras de Buthernok...in comitatu nostro de Levenax infra vicecomitatus de Strivelyng et de Dunbretaine, quas dominus Johannes de Hamilton antea de nobis tenuit in capite” to “Johanni de Hamilton” by undated charter[898], dated to “about 1390” by Balfour Paul[899]. “John de Hamilton Lord of Cadzow” granted "the...lands of Bawdriston..." to “Adam Forester of Corstorfyne” by charter dated 21 May 1395, witnessed by “John de Hamylton Lord of Fyngaltoun, the granter’s uncle, George of Prestoun, knights, John of Hamilton the granter’s brother...”[900]. m (after 6 May 1394) MARGARET Fraser, daughter of ---. “Johannes de Hamilton dominus de Buthernok” confirmed “terras meas de Buthernok” to “Margarete Fraser, sub spe matrimonii inter me et ipsam” by charter dated 6 May 1394[901]. Balfour Paul says that John “became the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Bardowie, now represented by John Hamilton Buchanan of Spittal and Leny”[902].

5. [ELIZABETH Hamilton (-after 1400). Balfour Paul says that “Elizabeth Hamilton, who in 1400 was wife of Sir Alexander Fraser of Cowie, is believed to be a daughter of David Hamilton”[903]. m Sir ALEXANDER Fraser of Cowie, son of ---.]

6. [GEORGE Hamilton . Balfour Paul says that “another son, George, who is said to have been the ancestor of the Hamiltons of Borland, is assigned to David Hamilton and Janet Keith, but though a George Hamilton does appear about that period, definite evidence of his relationship has not been found”[904].]

JAMES Hamilton, son of JAMES Hamilton & his wife Janet Livingstone ([1415?]-6 Nov 1479). King James I granted “the lands of Dalserf in the barony of Machane and sheriffdom of Lanark, belonging to the King by reason of escheat, because James Hamilton of Cadzow had conferred the lands on David of Hamilton his brother...without the consent of the King...” to "James of Hamilton, son and apparent heir of James Hamilton of Cadzow...as freely as his father had held them" by charter dated 18 Apr 1426[905]. Lord of Cadzow: “Sir James of Hamyltoun, knight, lord of Cadzow” granted "the lands of Roplache...” to “his kinsman or cousin James of Hamyltoun, son of the late Walter of Hamyltoun" by charter dated 20 May 1441, witnessed by “John of Hamyltoun and Gawin of Hamyltown, the granter’s brothers, Arthur of Hamyltoun, William Balze, Alexander of Hamyltoun and Thomas Hamyltoun of Nelysland”[906]. Lord Hamilton 3 Jul 1445[907]. Balfour Paul cites numerous charters in which he was named and records the date of his death[908].

m firstly (Papal dispensation 25 Feb 1441, [1441]) as her second husband, EUPHEMIA Graham, widow of ARCHIBALD Douglas Earl of Douglas, daughter of PATRICK Graham Earl of Strathearn & his wife --- (-[1 Aug/1 Nov] 1468). “Malise Earl of Menteith” granted "the lands of Elastonne...” to “his kinsman James Lord Hamilton, knight, and Eufamia his spouse, sister of Earl Malis (and widow of Archibald fifth Earl of Douglas)" by charter dated 17 Dec 1453[909]. King James II granted “the lands of the baronies of Drumsergart and Cormannok...” to "James Lord Hamilton and his spouse Euphamia Countess of Douglas, otherwise spouse of the deceased Archibald Earl of Douglas and Lord of Lauderdale”, by reason of “the forfeiture of James, formerly Earl of Douglas and Lord of Lauderdale", by charter dated 1 Jul 1455[910]. Balfour Paul records the date of her death[911].

m secondly ([Feb/Mar 1474], dispensation 25 Apr 1476) as her second husband, Lady MARY Stewart, widow of THOMAS Boyd Earl of Arran, daughter of JAMES II King of Scotland & his wife Maria van Gelre ([May 1453]-[May 1488]). Balfour Paul records her parentage and two marriages, as well as her two children by her second husband (no sources cited)[912]. The island of Arran, within the Sheriffdom of Bute, was given as her dower on her first marriage[913]. King James III confirmed “the lands of the barony of Kynneil...” to "James Lord Hamilton and his spouse Mary Stewart, the king’s sister” by charter dated 12 Jul 1474[914]. Balfour Paul records that she “apparently died in 1488”[915].

James & his first wife had one child (Balfour Paul also records his illegitimate children[916]):

1. ELIZABETH Hamilton . Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage[917]. m DAVID Earl of Crawford, son of ---. Duke of Montrose.

James & his second wife had two children:

2. JAMES Hamilton (-[26 Mar] 1529). Lord Hamilton. A charter dated 1 Aug 1489 records the grant of “the sheriffship of Lanark” to "James Lord Hamilton...as freely as the late James Hamilton, father...”[918]. Earl of Arran 11 Aug 1503[919]. m firstly (bigamously?, divorced 1504, and 11 Mar 1510[920]) as her second husband, ELIZABETH Home, widow/wife of THOMAS Hay of Yester, daughter of ALEXANDER Lord Home & his wife --- (-1544). Balfour Paul records details of her two marriages, her first husband’s absence abroad presumed dead, his subsequent return, and details about the couple’s divorce (see also her divorce document cited above for details)[921]. m secondly (banns 2/9/11 Nov 1516[922], before 23 Nov 1516) as her second husband, JANET Beaton, widow of Sir ROBERT Livingstone of Easter Wemyss and Drumry, daughter of [Sir DAVID Beaton of Creich & his wife ---] (-[1522]).

- EARLS of ARRAN, MARQUESSES of HAMILTON, DUKES of HAMILTON[923].

3. ELIZABETH Hamilton (-after Apr 1531). Fraser notes her document dated 28 Jun 1530[924]. m (contract 9 Apr 1494, Papal dispensation 15 Apr 1495) as his second wife, MATTHEW Stuart Earl of Lennox, son of JOHN Stewart Lord Darnley, Earl of Lennox & his wife Margaret Montgomerie (-killed in battle Flodden 9 Sep 1513). .

HAY

The connection between the following family and the family of La Haye, which is set out in the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY L-O, has not yet been found. William de Haye first appears in the later charters of Malcolm IV King of Scotland but no information has emerged which indicates the circumstances of his arrival in Scotland. The mid-14th century Scalacronica records that William King of Scotland, after his release from captivity in England in 1174, returned to Scotland with "plusours dez filz pusnes dez seygnours Dengleterre" and granted them lands, naming in its list "…lez Hayes…"[925]. As far as the Hay family is concerned, the numerous pre-1174 primary source references indicate that the Scalacronica’s version of events is incorrect, although it is possible that King William encouraged representatives of junior branches of the family to joint their relatives who were already established in Scotland. As the first William Hay is still recorded at the end of the 12th century, it is probable that the entries refer to two different individuals of this name, maybe father and son. Balfour Paul says that David de Haye, ancestor of the Earls of Erroll who was killed in battle at Durham 17 Oct 1346, was "probably the son of" Nicholas de Haye, who predeceased his father Gilbert de Hay (see below)[926].

1. --- de Haye . m [--- de Soulis, daughter of ---]. Her probable family origin is indicated by the undated charter under which "Willielmi de Haya" donated "terrarum de Ederpolls" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Malcolmi et Domini mei regis Willelmi et…Domini Ranulphi de Sules avunculi mei", by undated charter[927]. One child:

a) WILLIAM de Haye (-after 1199). "…David Olifard, Willelmo de Haya" witnessed the undated charter under which Malcolm IV King of Scotland protected the rights of Scone Abbey over its territories[928]. William King of Scotland granted “Herol” to “Willelmo de Haia” by undated charter[929]. "...William de Haia..." witnessed the charter dated to [1166] under which William King of Scotland confirmed the grant of property to “Robert de Brus”[930]. "…Willelmo de Haia…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland donated "Petother" to the priory of the Isle of May[931]. "Willielmi de Haya" donated "terrarum de Ederpolls" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Malcolmi et Domini mei regis Willelmi et…Domini Ranulphi de Sules avunculi mei", by undated charter[932]. "…Willelmo de Haia, Roberto de Berkel…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Login" made to Scone Abbey by "Malcolmus comes Atholie"[933]. "…Willelmo de Haia…" witnessed the charter dated 29 May (no year) under which William King of Scotland confirmed rights of Scone Abbey[934]. William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "medietatem de Hadgillin in Dunde" to St Andrew’s priory by "Hugo Giffard" by undated charter, witnessed by "…Nesio filio Willi, Willo de Mortimer, Willo de Haia…"[935]. "…Walt Corbet, Will de la Haia…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Geruasius Auenel filius Roberti Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram meam de Eschedale" made by "pater meus" to Melrose abbey[936]. "Willelmus de Haya pincerna regis Scocie" donated "terre in Petmulyn" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "Hug Giffard…"[937]. "…Willelmo de Haya…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Jul (no year) under which William King of Scotland donated "totam terram de Strathylaf" to Kinloss[938]. Justiciar of Lothian 1189-1199. m EVA, daughter of ---. "Eva et David de Haya filius suus" confirmed the donation of "terre in Petmulyn" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Willelmus de Haya" by undated charter, confirmed by William I King of Scotland by charter which names "Eva que fuit uxor Willi de Haya et David filius eiusdem Willi"[939]. "Thomæ de Haya" donated rights "super aquam de They" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi del Haya patris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Davide de Haya fratre meo, Roberto de Haya et Malcolmo de Haya fratribus meis, Eua mater mea, Ada sponsa mea…"[940]. "David de Haya" donated rights "super…aquam de They…inter Lornyn que divisam Randolph de Haia et Hermitagium…" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi Haya patris mei et Ethne matris mee et Eve uxoris meæ", with the consent of "Gilberti heredis mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto et Malcolmo fratribus meis…"[941]. It is assumed that this last document misrepresents the name of David’s mother, who is recorded as Eva in other documentation. William & his wife had seven children:

i) DAVID de Haye (-1230). "Eva et David de Haya filius suus" confirmed the donation of "terre in Petmulyn" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Willelmus de Haya" by undated charter, confirmed by William I King of Scotland by charter which names "Eva que fuit uxor Willi de Haya et David filius eiusdem Willi"[942].

- see below.

ii) ROBERT de Haye . "Johannes de Haya et uxor eius Juliana" donated property "in tofto illo quem Alanus de Lasceles vendidit Teoderico tinctori de Perth", by undated charter, dated to the mid-13th century, witnessed by "Domino David de Haya, Roberto fratre eius…"[943]. "Davide de Haya, Roberto, Thome et Johane de Hayis fratribus eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Johanis Gyffard de Polgauein" donated "viam…a ponte…inter terram meam de Polgavyn et terram ipsorum monachorum de Carso" to Cupar abbey[944]. "Thomæ de Haya" donated rights "super aquam de They" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi del Haya patris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Davide de Haya fratre meo, Roberto de Haya et Malcolmo de Haya fratribus meis, Eua mater mea, Ada sponsa mea…"[945]. "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[946]. "David de Haya" donated rights "super…aquam de They…inter Lornyn que divisam Randolph de Haia et Hermitagium…" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi Haya patris mei et Ethne matris mee et Eve uxoris meæ", with the consent of "Gilberti heredis mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto et Malcolmo fratribus meis…"[947].

iii) THOMAS de Haye (-after 3 Feb 1231). "Thomæ de Haya" donated rights "super aquam de They" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi del Haya patris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Davide de Haya fratre meo, Roberto de Haya et Malcolmo de Haya fratribus meis, Eua mater mea, Ada sponsa mea…"[948]. "Davide de Haya, Roberto, Thome et Johane de Hayis fratribus eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Johanis Gyffard de Polgauein" donated "viam…a ponte…inter terram meam de Polgavyn et terram ipsorum monachorum de Carso" to Cupar abbey[949]. "…Davide de Haya…Thoma de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the donation by "Robertus de Londoniis frater meus" made the priory of the Isle of May[950]. "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Thoma de Haya, Domino Johane de Haya…Domino Malcolmo de Haya, Domino Villielmo de Haya"[951]. "…Thoma de Haya, Johanne et Waltero fratribus suis…" witnessed the charter dated 3 Feb 1231 under which Alexander II King of Scotland founded Balmerino Abbey[952]. m ADA, daughter of ---. "Thomæ de Haya" donated rights "super aquam de They" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi del Haya patris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Davide de Haya fratre meo, Roberto de Haya et Malcolmo de Haya fratribus meis, Eua mater mea, Ada sponsa mea…"[953].

iv) JOHN de Haye (-after 1246). "Davide de Haya, Roberto, Thome et Johane de Hayis fratribus eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Johanis Gyffard de Polgauein" donated "viam…a ponte…inter terram meam de Polgavyn et terram ipsorum monachorum de Carso" to Cupar abbey[954]. "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Thoma de Haya, Domino Johane de Haya…Domino Malcolmo de Haya, Domino Villielmo de Haya"[955]. "…Johanne de Haya" subscribed the charter dated 7 Dec 1221 under which Alexander II King of Scotland donated "terram de Burgyn" to Kinloss[956]. "Johannes de Haya et uxor eius Juliana" donated property "in tofto illo quem Alanus de Lasceles vendidit Teoderico tinctori de Perth", by undated charter, dated to the mid-13th century, witnessed by "Domino David de Haya, Roberto fratre eius…"[957]. John de Haye was ancestor of the Hay family of Ardnaughton[958]. "Johanis de Haya de Adnachtan" donated rights "supra aquam de They et uno tofto in territorio de Adnachtan…Galuraw" to Cupar abbey, for the soul of "Julianæ de Lascelis quondam sponsæ meæ", with the consent of "Petri de Haya filii et heredis mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre meo, Domino Gilberto de Haya nepote meo, Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre eius"[959]. "…Thoma de Haya, Johanne et Waltero fratribus suis…" witnessed the charter dated 3 Feb 1231 under which Alexander II King of Scotland founded Balmerino Abbey[960]. m JULIANA de Lascelles, daughter of ---. "Johannes de Haya et uxor eius Juliana" donated property "in tofto illo quem Alanus de Lasceles vendidit Teoderico tinctori de Perth", by undated charter, dated to the mid-13th century, witnessed by "Domino David de Haya, Roberto fratre eius…"[961]. "Johanis de Haya de Adnachtan" donated rights "supra aquam de They et uno tofto in territorio de Adnachtan…Galuraw" to Cupar abbey, for the soul of "Julianæ de Lascelis quondam sponsæ meæ", with the consent of "Petri de Haya filii et heredis mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre meo, Domino Gilberto de Haya nepote meo, Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre eius"[962]. John & his wife had two children:

(a) WILLIAM de Haye . "Willelmus de Haya filius Johannis de Haya miles et dñs de Lochqwerwerd" confirmed the donation of "petera de Lochqwerwerd…Wulueftrother", donated by "Roberti filii David quondam dñni de Locherum", to Newbattle abbey, witnessed by "…dnis Hugonis de Berkelay…"[963]. "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Thoma de Haya, Domino Johane de Haya…Domino Malcolmo de Haya, Domino Villielmo de Haya"[964]. "Robertus de Lundoniis filius regis Scottorum" donated "toftum in burgo meo de Inuerkaithin" to Lindores Abbey by undated charter, dated to before 1219, witnessed by "Comite David fratre regis Scotorum, comite Patricio, William de Lindesei, Willelmo de Haya…"[965].

(b) PETER de Haye . "Johanis de Haya de Adnachtan" donated rights "supra aquam de They et uno tofto in territorio de Adnachtan…Galuraw" to Cupar abbey, for the soul of "Julianæ de Lascelis quondam sponsæ meæ", with the consent of "Petri de Haya filii et heredis mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre meo, Domino Gilberto de Haya nepote meo, Domino Villielmo de Haya fratre eius"[966].

v) MALCOLM de Haye (-after 1 Nov 1241). "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[967]. "Thomæ de Haya" donated rights "super aquam de They" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi del Haya patris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Davide de Haya fratre meo, Roberto de Haya et Malcolmo de Haya fratribus meis, Eua mater mea, Ada sponsa mea…"[968]. "David de Haya" donated rights "super…aquam de They…inter Lornyn que divisam Randolph de Haia et Hermitagium…" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi Haya patris mei et Ethne matris mee et Eve uxoris meæ", with the consent of "Gilberti heredis mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto et Malcolmo fratribus meis…"[969]. "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Thoma de Haya, Domino Johane de Haya…Domino Malcolmo de Haya, Domino Villielmo de Haya"[970]. "Gilberti de Haya" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1240, subscribed by "Domino Malcolmo de Haya avunculo meo, Domino Willelmo de Haya fratre meo…Roberto de Haya"[971]. “Henricus, filius Comitis David” donated property for the sustenance of “unius capellani...in capella de Inchemartyn infra curiam meam” by charter dated 1 Nov 1241, witnessed by “Malcomo de la Haye, persona de Erole, Andrea de Striueling, persona de Inchethor...Gileberto de la Haye...”[972].

vi) WILLIAM de Haye (-after 1230). "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter, witnessed by "Domino Thoma de Haya, Domino Johane de Haya…Domino Malcolmo de Haya, Domino Villielmo de Haya"[973]. "Domini Gilberti de Haya" confirmed the donation of "una carucata terræ" made to Cupar abbey by "Villielmus de Haya avunculus meus" by undated charter, witnessed by "Willielmo de Haya avunculo meo, David de Haya persona de Eroll fratre meo, Villielmo de Haya fratre meo…"[974]. m ADA, daughter of ---. "Willielmi de la Haya" donated "terram meam in le Carso de Gourein, quam mihi bonæ memoriæ dominus David del Haye frater meus…dedit" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "Adæ uxoris, Villielmi patris et Euæ matris", by undated charter[975].

vii) WALTER de Haye (-after 3 Feb 1231). "…Thoma de Haya, Johanne et Waltero fratribus suis…" witnessed the charter dated 3 Feb 1231 under which Alexander II King of Scotland founded Balmerino Abbey[976].

DAVID de Haye, son of WILLIAM de Haye & his wife Eva --- (-1230). "Eva et David de Haya filius suus" confirmed the donation of "terre in Petmulyn" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Willelmus de Haya" by undated charter, confirmed by William I King of Scotland by charter which names "Eva que fuit uxor Willi de Haya et David filius eiusdem Willi"[977]. "Davide de Haya, Roberto, Thome et Johane de Hayis fratribus eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Johanis Gyffard de Polgauein" donated "viam…a ponte…inter terram meam de Polgavyn et terram ipsorum monachorum de Carso" to Cupar abbey[978]. "Davidem de Haye, filium Villielmi del Haye" confirmed the donation of "terrarum de Ederpolls" to Cupar abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Villielmo del Haye patre meo…"[979]. "Johannes de Haya et uxor eius Juliana" donated property "in tofto illo quem Alanus de Lasceles vendidit Teoderico tinctori de Perth", by undated charter, dated to the mid-13th century, witnessed by "Domino David de Haya, Roberto fratre eius…"[980]. "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[981]. "David de Haya" donated rights "super…aquam de They…inter Lornyn que divisam Randolph de Haia et Hermitagium…" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi Haya patris mei et Ethne matris mee et Eve uxoris meæ", with the consent of "Gilberti heredis mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto et Malcolmo fratribus meis…"[982]. "…Davide de Haya…Thoma de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the donation by "Robertus de Londoniis frater meus" made the priory of the Isle of May[983].

m firstly ETHEN, daughter of ---. It is possible that she was Ethen of Strathearn, daughter of Gilbert Earl of Strathearn and his first wife Matilda de Albini. This is suggested by the undated charter under which her son "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", which is witnessed by "…Malisio de Strathern consanguineo meo…"[984]. The name "Ethen" is unusual, and it is possible that the relationship with Malise was through Gilbert’s mother. If the subscriber Malise of Strathearn was the son of Earl Gilbert, this possibility would present no chronological difficulties. If the hypothesis was correct, Gilbert was born from this first marriage of his father. "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[985].

m secondly EVA, daughter of ---. "David de Haya" donated rights "super…aquam de They…inter Lornyn que divisam Randolph de Haia et Hermitagium…" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Willielmi et Villielmi Haya patris mei et Ethne matris mee et Eve uxoris meæ", with the consent of "Gilberti heredis mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto et Malcolmo fratribus meis…"[986]. "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[987].

David & his [first] wife had [four] children:

1. GILBERT de Haye (-after 1258). "David de Haya" donated "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, for the souls of "uxorum mearum Ethne et Eue", by undated charter, witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo, Roberto de Haya fratre meo, Malcolmo de Haya fratre meo…"[988]. "Domini Gilberti de Haya" confirmed the donation of "una carucata terræ" made to Cupar abbey by "Villielmus de Haya avunculus meus" by undated charter, witnessed by "Willielmo de Haya avunculo meo, David de Haya persona de Eroll fratre meo, Villielmo de Haya fratre meo…"[989]. "Gilberti de Haya" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1240, subscribed by "Domino Malcolmo de Haya avunculo meo, Domino Willelmo de Haya fratre meo…Roberto de Haya"[990]. “Henricus, filius Comitis David” donated property for the sustenance of “unius capellani...in capella de Inchemartyn infra curiam meam” by charter dated 1 Nov 1241, witnessed by “Malcomo de la Haye, persona de Erole, Andrea de Striueling, persona de Inchethor...Gileberto de la Haye...”[991]. "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Dominis Rogero de Berkeley, Ricardo Cumyn filio Ricardi Cumyn militibus, Nicholao filio meo…Roberto de Haya nepote meo, Malisio de Strathern consanguineo meo…"[992]. "Matildis comitissa de Anego…in…viduitatis mee" confirmed its churches to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "dno Gilb de Haya, dno Johe de Haya, dno Willmo de Haya, dno Nigello de Mubray, dno Willmo Juuene de Haya…"[993]. "Dno G. de Haya, Dno Johe de Haya, Dno W. de Haya…Dno W. iuvene de Haya, Dno Malcolmo de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Matild comitissa de Anego" confirmed donations of "terre in territorio Kerimor" to Aberbrothoc[994]. m (before 1233) IDONEA Comyn, daughter of WILLIAM Comyn Earl of Buchan & his second wife Margaret Ctss of Buchan. Balfour Paul says that William Comyn Earl of Buchan granted "the lands of Huchtercule in Mar" to Gilbert de Hay on his marriage with his daughter, commenting that the charter in question was transcribed in 1628 by Sir James Balfour but appears no longer to exist[995]. "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter[996]. Gilbert & his wife had one child:

a) NICHOLAS de Haye (-[31 May/3 Sep] 1305). "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Dominis Rogero de Berkeley, Ricardo Cumyn filio Ricardi Cumyn militibus, Nicholao filio meo…Roberto de Haya nepote meo, Malisio de Strathern consanguineo meo…"[997].

- see below.

2. [JOHN de Haye . "Matildis comitissa de Anego…in…viduitatis mee" confirmed its churches to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "dno Gilb de Haya, dno Johe de Haya, dno Willmo de Haya, dno Nigello de Mubray, dno Willmo Juuene de Haya…"[998]. "Dno G. de Haya, Dno Johe de Haya, Dno W. de Haya…Dno W. iuvene de Haya, Dno Malcolmo de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Matild comitissa de Anego" confirmed donations of "terre in territorio Kerimor" to Aberbrothoc[999].]

3. DAVID de Haye of Eroll . "Domini Gilberti de Haya" confirmed the donation of "una carucata terræ" made to Cupar abbey by "Villielmus de Haya avunculus meus" by undated charter, witnessed by "Willielmo de Haya avunculo meo, David de Haya persona de Eroll fratre meo, Villielmo de Haya fratre meo…"[1000].

4. WILLIAM de Haye (-after 29 Apr 1251). "Domini Gilberti de Haya" confirmed the donation of "una carucata terræ" made to Cupar abbey by "Villielmus de Haya avunculus meus" by undated charter, witnessed by "Willielmo de Haya avunculo meo, David de Haya persona de Eroll fratre meo, Villielmo de Haya fratre meo…"[1001]. "Gilberti de Haya" donated property to Inchaffray Abbey by charter dated 1240, subscribed by "Domino Malcolmo de Haya avunculo meo, Domino Willelmo de Haya fratre meo…Roberto de Haya"[1002]. "Matildis comitissa de Anego…in…viduitatis mee" confirmed its churches to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "dno Gilb de Haya, dno Johe de Haya, dno Willmo de Haya, dno Nigello de Mubray, dno Willmo Juuene de Haya…"[1003]. "Dno G. de Haya, Dno Johe de Haya, Dno W. de Haya…Dno W. iuvene de Haya, Dno Malcolmo de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Matild comitissa de Anego" confirmed donations of "terre in territorio Kerimor" to Aberbrothoc[1004]. m ---. William & his wife had [three] children:

a) [ROBERT de Haye . "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Dominis Rogero de Berkeley, Ricardo Cumyn filio Ricardi Cumyn militibus, Nicholao filio meo…Roberto de Haya nepote meo, Malisio de Strathern consanguineo meo…"[1005].

b) [WILLIAM de Haye . "Matildis comitissa de Anego…in…viduitatis mee" confirmed its churches to Aberbrothoc by undated charter witnessed by "dno Gilb de Haya, dno Johe de Haya, dno Willmo de Haya, dno Nigello de Mubray, dno Willmo Juuene de Haya…"[1006]. "Dno G. de Haya, Dno Johe de Haya, Dno W. de Haya…Dno W. iuvene de Haya, Dno Malcolmo de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Matild comitissa de Anego" confirmed donations of "terre in territorio Kerimor" to Aberbrothoc[1007].]

c) [MALCOLM de Haye . "Dno G. de Haya, Dno Johe de Haya, Dno W. de Haya…Dno W. iuvene de Haya, Dno Malcolmo de Haya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Matild comitissa de Anego" confirmed donations of "terre in territorio Kerimor" to Aberbrothoc[1008].]

NICHOLAS de Haye, son of GILBERT de Haye & his wife Idonea Comyn (-[31 May/3 Sep] 1305). "Gilbertus de Haya" confirmed the donation of "terciam partem piscarie…de Glesbanin…[et] de Rugesablun" to Lindores Abbey, made by "bone memorie David de Haya pater meus", for the soul of "…Edoyne uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Dominis Rogero de Berkeley, Ricardo Cumyn filio Ricardi Cumyn militibus, Nicholao filio meo…Roberto de Haya nepote meo, Malisio de Strathern consanguineo meo…"[1009]. A charter dated 10 Jul 1296 records the submission of "Nichole de la Haye chevalier" to Edward I King of England[1010]. The Ragman Roll names "…Nicol de la Haye…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[1011]. He presumably died before 3 Sep 1305, the date of his son Gilbert’s charter cited below.

m JOANNA, daughter of ---. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Johanna uxor domini NIcholai de la Haya"[1012].

Nicholas & his wife had four children:

1. GILBERT de Haye (-Apr 1333). A charter dated 3 Sep 1305 records a grant to “domino Gilberto de Haya domino de Erol”, sealed by “Nicholai de Haya filii sui primogenitis et heredis”[1013]. “Willelmus de Haya dominus de Athmoris” donated property to Coupar-Angus by charter dated to [after 1305], witnessed by “...domino Johanne de Haya rectore ecclesie de Erol, dominiis Gilberto de Haya domino de Erol...militibus...”[1014]. “Gilbertus de Haya miles dominus de Erole” donated property to Coupar-Angus, for the soul of “domini Nicholay de Haya patris mei”, with the consent of “Nicholay filii mei primogenitis et heredis”, by charter dated to [1305/09][1015]. “Malisius comes de Strathern” confirmed the donation to Coupar-Angus made by “Gilbertus de Haya dominus de Erole” by charter dated to [1306], witnessed by “...Roberto de Strathern fratre meo, Malisio filio meo et herede...”[1016]. Constable of Scotland. "Gilbertus de Haia constabularius Scotie" confirmed donations to Cupar abbey, including the donation made by "Mariore comitisse Atholie, relicte quondam Johannis comitis Atholie et confirmatione David filii sui primogeniti et heredis", by charter dated 5 Oct 1309[1017]. "…Gilberto de Haya constabulario nostro Scotie, Roberto de Keth marescallo nostro Scotie militbus" witnessed the charter dated 7 Apr 1313 under which "Robertus…rex Scottorum" granted "totum thanagio de Scona" to Scone abbey[1018]. "…Gilberto de Haya constabulario Scocie…" witnessed the charter dated 12 Apr 1316 under which Robert I King of Scotland granted annual revenue from the farms of Perth to Perth Blackfriars[1019]. "Gilbertus de Hay dominus de Erole et constabularius Scotiæ" donated two lamps to Perth Blackfriars by charter dated 6 May 1324 witnessed by "dominis Nicholao de Haya ecclesiæ Dunkeldensis decano, Johanne rectore ecclesiæ de Erole fratribus nostris, Nicholao de Haya filio nostro…"[1020]. "…Jacobo domino de Duglas, Gilberto de Haya constabulario nostro, Alexandro Fraser camerario nostro militibus" witnessed the charter dated 1 Mar "anno nostri vicesimo" (1326) under which "Robertus…rex Scottorum" confirmed donations to Scone abbey[1021]. “Gilbertus de Haya dominus de Erole et Constabularius Scocie” donated property to Coupar-Angus by charter dated to [1331/33], witnessed by “...dominis Johanne de Inchemartyn et Johanne de Cambrun militibus...”[1022]. m ---. Gilbert & his wife had one child:

a) NICHOLAS de Haye (-[6 May 1324/Apr 1333]). A charter dated 3 Sep 1305 records a grant to “domino Gilberto de Haya domino de Erol”, sealed by “Nicholai de Haya filii sui primogenitis et heredis”[1023]. “Gilbertus de Haya miles dominus de Erole” donated property to Coupar-Angus, for the soul of “domini Nicholay de Haya patris mei”, with the consent of “Nicholay filii mei primogenitis et heredis”, by charter dated to [1305/09][1024]. "Gilbertus de Hay dominus de Erole et constabularius Scotiæ" donated two lamps to Perth Blackfriars by charter dated 6 May 1324 witnessed by "dominis Nicholao de Haya ecclesiæ Dunkeldensis decano, Johanne rectore ecclesiæ de Erole fratribus nostris, Nicholao de Haya filio nostro…"[1025]. The absence of later sources in which he is named suggests that Nicholas predeceased his father.

2. NICHOLAS de Haye . "Gilbertus de Hay dominus de Erole et constabularius Scotiæ" donated two lamps to Perth Blackfriars by charter dated 6 May 1324 witnessed by "dominis Nicholao de Haya ecclesiæ Dunkeldensis decano, Johanne rectore ecclesiæ de Erole fratribus nostris, Nicholao de Haya filio nostro…"[1026]. Deacon of Dunkeld.

3. JOHN de Haye . “Willelmus de Haya dominus de Athmoris” donated property to Coupar-Angus by charter dated to [after 1305], witnessed by “...domino Johanne de Haya rectore ecclesie de Erol, dominiis Gilberto de Haya domino de Erol...militibus...”[1027]. "Gilbertus de Hay dominus de Erole et constabularius Scotiæ" donated two lamps to Perth Blackfriars by charter dated 6 May 1324 witnessed by "dominis Nicholao de Haya ecclesiæ Dunkeldensis decano, Johanne rectore ecclesiæ de Erole fratribus nostris, Nicholao de Haya filio nostro…"[1028]. Rector of Erroll.

4. [HUGH de Haye (-after 1306). A charter dated 17 Jul 1296 records the submission of "Hughe de la Haye chevalier" to Edward I King of England[1029]. The chronology suggests that Hugh was another son of Nicholas de Haye but the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. Barbour’s The Brus records "Schir Thomas Randol…Shir Alexander Fraser and Schir David the Berclay…and Hew de la Hay" amolng those who were taken prisoner at the battle of Methven in 1306[1030].]

1. JOHN de Haye . He is named as deceased in his son’s charter cited below. m PETRONILLA, daughter of ---. She is named as deceased in her son’s charter cited below. John & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Haye (-after 1305). Lord of Admur. “Willelmus de Haya dominus de Athmoris” donated property to Coupar-Angus, for the souls of “Johannis patris mei et Petronille matris mee --- et...mee et Isabelle sponse mee”, by charter dated to [after 1305], witnessed by “...domino Johanne de Haya rectore ecclesie de Erol, dominiis Gilberto de Haya domino de Erol...militibus, Thomas de Haya filio meo et herede...”[1031]. m ISABEL, daughter of ---. She is named in her husband’s charter cited above. William & his wife had one child:

i) THOMAS de Haye . “Willelmus de Haya dominus de Athmoris” donated property to Coupar-Angus by charter dated to [after 1305], witnessed by “...Thomas de Haya filio meo et herede...”[1032].

Balfour Paul says that David de Haye, shown below, was ”probably the son of Nicolas de Haye” (who died [6 May 1324/Apr 1333], see above)[1033].

1. DAVID Hay of Erroll (-killed in battle Durham 17 Oct 1346). Baron of Erroll. m firstly --- Keith, daughter of JOHN Keith of Innerpeffer & his wife ---. m secondly MARGARET, daughter of --- (-after 12 Nov 1375). David & his first wife had one child:

a) THOMAS Hay of Erroll (-Jul 1406). Baron of Erroll. Constable of Scotland. m (before 7 Sep 1372[1034]) ELIZABETH Stewart, daughter of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his first wife Elizabeth Mure. Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage (no sources cited)[1035]. King Robert II granted an annuity to “Thomas Hay and Elizabeth the king’s daughter, and the children born and to be born of them” by charter dated 7 Sep 1372[1036].

- HAY of ERROLL, EARLS of ERROLL[1037].

HOME

According to Burke's Extinct Peerage[1038], the ancestor of the Earls of Home was William FitzPatrick de Dunbar, first cousin of Patrick Earl of Dunbar (see the document SCOTLAND, MORMAERS, EARLS, LORDS). Balfour Paul states that there is no proof this descent is correct, highlighting that the surname Home was in use long before the time of William FitzPatrick, as shown below[1039].

1. ALDEN de Home . m ---. The name of Alden’s wife is not known. Alden & his wife had two children:

a) ADAM . "Adam filio Aldin, Patricio filio eius…Gilberto filio Aldin…" witnessed the undated charter under which "comes Patricius de Dunbar" donated "ecclesiam de Laynell" to Coldstream[1040]. m ---. The name of Adam’s wife is not known. Adam & his wife had one child:

i) PATRICK . "Adam filio Aldin, Patricio filio eius…Gilberto filio Aldin…" witnessed the undated charter under which "comes Patricius de Dunbar" donated "ecclesiam de Laynell" to Coldstream[1041].

b) GILBERT de Home (-after [1198/99]). "Adam filio Aldin, Patricio filio eius…Gilberto filio Aldin…" witnessed the undated charter under which "comes Patricius de Dunbar" donated "ecclesiam de Laynell" to Coldstream[1042]. "Gilebert fil Alden de Hom" reached agreement with Kelso monastery about "beneficiis eccliasticis de Wederley" by undated charter, incorrectly dated to [1250] in the published cartulary[1043], dated by Balfour Paul to [1172/78][1044]. Gilbert de Home witnessed a charter dated to [1198/99] under which Patrick Earl of Dunbar donated property to Coldinham[1045].

2. WILLIAM de Home . William King of Scotland granted the lands and castle of Home to William de Home by charter dated 1214, now missing[1046]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Home (-after 7 Dec 1268). "Willelmus dñs de Home fil et heres…dni Willi militis quondam dni…ville de Home" confirmed the donation of property in "ville mee de Home" made by "bone memorie dni Cospatricii quondam comitis de Dumbar…dne Ade dce de Curtenay filie…dni P. quondam comitis de Dumbar", by charter dated 7 Dec 1268[1047]. "Willelmus dñs de Home fil et heres…dni Willi militis quondam dni…ville de Home" confirmed the donation of property in "ville mee de Home" made by "bone memorie dni Cospatricii quondam comitis de Dumbar…dne Ade dce de Curtenay filie…dni P. quondam comitis de Dumbar", by charter dated 7 Dec 1268[1048]. m as her first husband, MARIOT, daughter of ---. She married secondly Patrick Edgar. "Mariota domina de Hume quondam sponsa domini Patricii Edeger" confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Laynell" to Coldstream by undated charter[1049].

3. GEOFFREY de Home (-after 28 Jul 1296). The Ragman Roll names "Geffrai de Home…del counte de Lanark" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Elgyn in Moray 28 Jul 1296[1050]. "Galfridi de Home" is recorded as paying annual rent to Kelso abbey at Home[1051].

4. JOHN de Home . m ---. The name of John’s wife is not known. John & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN de Home . The accounts of the sheriffs of Berwick, Roxburgh and Edinburgh dated 1336/37 refer to the forfeited lands of "Johannis filii Johannis de Home et Christiane uxoris eius" and land previously held by "Willelmi de Home" now granted to "Gregorius de Home"[1052]. m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. The accounts of the sheriffs of Berwick, Roxburgh and Edinburgh dated 1336/37 refer to the forfeited lands of "Johannis filii Johannis de Home et Christiane uxoris eius" and land previously held by "Willelmi de Home" now granted to "Gregorius de Home"[1053].

5. WILLIAM de Home . The accounts of the sheriffs of Berwick, Roxburgh and Edinburgh dated 1336/37 refer to the forfeited lands of "Johannis filii Johannis de Home et Christiane uxoris eius" and land previously held by "Willelmi de Home" now granted to "Gregorius de Home"[1054].

6. GREGORY de Home (-after 1336). The accounts of the sheriffs of Berwick, Roxburgh and Edinburgh dated 1336/37 refer to the forfeited lands of "Johannis filii Johannis de Home et Christiane uxoris eius" and land previously held by "Willelmi de Home" now granted to "Gregorius de Home"[1055].

KEITH

1. HERVEY (-[1199 or after]). An undated charter records disputes concerning "ecclesia…de Keth" donated to the monastery of Kelso by "Herveus Marchad"[1056]. Balfour Paul says that “Herveus or Hervey, called also Herbert” is “said to have obtained from David I a grant of the north-west portion of the lands of Keith, in the parish of Humbie, in East Lothian” (no source cited), although he adds that he “is not found as a witness to any charter of King David I” (specifying that he was not the same person as “Hervi, son of Warin” who witnessed “the Annandale charter of 1124”[1057]. Balfour Paul also notes that “the south-east portion of the same manor came into the possession of Simon Fraser”, known as “Keith-Simon...afterwards known as Keith-Hundeby”, who donated the church of Keith to Kelso [1160] (confirmed by King Malcolm IV [1160/65] and later by King William IV)[1058]. A dispute about the tribute payable in respect of the chapel of Keith-Hervey payable by "Heruey" was settled by the Bishop of Glasgow and the prior of Paisely, as the Pope’s delegates (dated by Balfour Paul to "about the year 1176")[1059]. Balfour Paul says that Hervey “witnessed several charters of William the Lion between 1178 and 1199”[1060]. m ---. The name of Hervey’s wife is not known. Nisbet’s Heraldry says that he married “Margaret, daughter of William of Douglas” (Margaret, daughter of [William Douglas & his wife ---]), but Balfour Paul says that “this seems very doubtful”[1061]. In any case, the chronology of the two families suggests that a daughter of William de Douglas would have been much younger than Hervey Keith. Hervey & his wife had one child:

a) MALCOLM de Keith (-after [1220]). “...Malcolm fil Huic...” [interpreted by Balfour Paul as “son of Herveus”] witnessed a charter dated 1178 which records a dispute between Arbroath and Kelso abbeys[1062]. "…Malcolm de Keth…" witnessed the charter dated 30 Jan 1185 under which "Eschina de Londonis" confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Molle", for the souls of "dni mei Gauterii filii Alani et…filie mee que apud Kelcho sepulta est"[1063]. "…Malcolm de Keth" witnessed the charter dated to [1220] under which "Rob de Schottun" donated property to Kelso[1064].

Two brothers. Balfour Paul names them as sons of Malcolm de Keith, but he does not appear to cite any primary sources which confirm the family relationship[1065].

1. PHILIP de Keith (-[before 1225]). Marshall. m ---, daughter of [HUGH Lawrence & his wife Eda Fraser]. Her parentage and marriage are indicated by the charter dated to [1190] under which her son "Herveius filius Philippi Marescalli" confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Keth" made to the monastery of Kelso by "qm Symon Fraser" [who would have been her maternal grandfather][1066]. Philip & his wife had one child:

a) HERVEY de Keith (-after [1230]). "Herveius filius Philippi Marescalli" confirmed the donation of "ecclesia de Keth" made to the monastery of Kelso by "qm Symon Fraser", by charter dated to [1230][1067]. m ---. The name of Hervey’s wife is not known. Hervey & his wife had one child:

i) JOHN de Keith (-before 1270). "Johes de Keth Marescallus" settled a dispute with the monastery of Kelso concerning "ecclesia de Keth", referring to "patris mei Heruei Marescalli", by charter dated to [1250][1068].

- see below.

2. DAVID de Keith (-after 1214). Marshall. "David marescall dñi regis Scott" donated "piscarias meas de Thveda" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…com. Patricio, Will Cumin, Waltero de Lindes, Rog fil Henr……"[1069]. The names of the witnesses suggest that the document should be dated to the late 12th century. "…Com. Patricio, Will Cumin, Waltero de Lindes, Rog fil Henr……" witnessed the undated charter under which "David marescall dñi regis Scott" donated "piscarias meas de Thveda" to Melrose abbey[1070]. The names of the witnesses suggest that the document should be dated to the late 12th century. Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to St Andrew’s priory, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Dul" by "Malcolmi comitis de Hathoil et ex confirmacione Henrici filii sui", by undated charter, probably dated to the start of his reign, witnessed by "…Dauid marscall…"[1071]. m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known. David & his wife had one child:

a) RICHARD . Marshall. "Ricardus marescall regis Scocie" donated "piscarias meas de Twede…quas…[Will Lunok] tenuit de avunculo meo David de Bonule" to Melrose abbey by undated charter[1072]. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Agnes uxor Ricardi Mareschalle, filii David le Mareschalle", who was captured "apud Dunbar et est in prisona regis", who requested restoration of "xl marcatis terræ quæ dictus David pater dedit eis in…maritagium"[1073]. m AGNES, daughter of --- (-after 3 Sep 1296). A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Agnes uxor Ricardi Mareschalle, filii David le Mareschalle", who was captured "apud Dunbar et est in prisona regis", who requested restoration of "xl marcatis terræ quæ dictus David pater dedit eis in…maritagium"[1074].

JOHN de Keith, son of HERVEY de Keith & his wife --- (-before 1270). "Johes de Keth Marescallus" settled a dispute with the monastery of Kelso concerning "ecclesia de Keth", referring to "patris mei Heruei Marescalli", by charter dated to [1250][1075]. "Johannes Marescallus de Keth" donated "terram…in territorio de Jonystoun…usque ad terram quam Symon Fraser dedit" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Adam de Gordoun…"[1076].

m ---. The name of John’s wife is not known.

John & his wife had [three] children:

1. WILLIAM de Keith (-before 1293). "Dominis Willielmo Keth…militibus…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" granted land to "Patricio Galbraith"[1077], dated by Balfour Paul to 1270[1078]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had four children:

a) ROBERT de Keith (-killed in battle Durham 17 Oct 1346). "Robert de Keth miles marescallus Scocie" reached agreement with the monastery of Kelso about "Hundebyketh" by charter dated to [1300][1079]. "…Gilberto de Haya constabulario nostro Scotie, Roberto de Keth marescallo nostro Scotie militbus" witnessed the charter dated 7 Apr 1313 under which "Robertus…rex Scottorum" granted "totum thanagio de Scona" to Scone abbey[1080]. "…Alexandro Fraser et Roberto de Keith mareschallo Scotiæ, militibus" witnessed the charter dated 12 Apr 1316 under which Robert I King of Scotland granted annual revenue from the farms of Perth to Perth Blackfriars[1081]. Robert I King of Scotland granted revenue from land held by "Jacobus de Douglas de Laudonia miles" to "Reginaldo de Crauford" by undated charter witnessed by "…Jacobo dño de Douglas, Robto de Keth marescallo militibus"[1082]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Simonem Fraser et Robertum de Keth" captured Perth from the forces of King Edward Balliol "Non Oct" in 1332[1083]. "Robertus de Keth Marescallus Scocie" donated "tenementum de Jonystoun Inferiori" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Ricardo de Keth milite fratre nostro, domino Philippo rectore ecclesie de Byger fratre nostro, domino Adam de Keth avunculo nostro rectore ecclesie de Marescal Keth, Johanne filio nostro et herede…"[1084]. m ---. The name of Robert’s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had two children:

i) JOHN de Keith (-1324). "Robertus de Keth Marescallus Scocie" donated "tenementum de Jonystoun Inferiori" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Ricardo de Keth milite fratre nostro, domino Philippo rectore ecclesie de Byger fratre nostro, domino Adam de Keth avunculo nostro rectore ecclesie de Marescal Keth, Johanne filio nostro et herede…"[1085]. m --- de Soulis, daughter of NICHOLAS [II] de Soulis & his wife Margaret Comyn. Accounts of the viscount of Roxburgh dated 1335/36 record that "Johannis de Kethe" married "Willelmi de Soules…sororem"[1086]. John & his wife had three children:

(a) ROBERT de Keith (-after [1336]).

(b) EDWARD de Keith (-killed in battle Durham 17 Oct 1346).

ii) WILLIAM de Keith (-after Aug 1335).

b) EDWARD de Keith (-before 1351).

- see below.

c) RICHARD de Keith . "Robertus de Keth Marescallus Scocie" donated "tenementum de Jonystoun Inferiori" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Ricardo de Keth milite fratre nostro, domino Philippo rectore ecclesie de Byger fratre nostro, domino Adam de Keth avunculo nostro rectore ecclesie de Marescal Keth, Johanne filio nostro et herede…"[1087].

d) PHILIP de Keith . "Robertus de Keth Marescallus Scocie" donated "tenementum de Jonystoun Inferiori" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Ricardo de Keth milite fratre nostro, domino Philippo rectore ecclesie de Byger fratre nostro, domino Adam de Keth avunculo nostro rectore ecclesie de Marescal Keth, Johanne filio nostro et herede…"[1088].

2. ADAM de Keith . "Robertus de Keth Marescallus Scocie" donated "tenementum de Jonystoun Inferiori" to Soltre Hospital by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Ricardo de Keth milite fratre nostro, domino Philippo rectore ecclesie de Byger fratre nostro, domino Adam de Keth avunculo nostro rectore ecclesie de Marescal Keth, Johanne filio nostro et herede…"[1089].

3. [ROBERT? Keith . Balfour Paul names “another son (Robert?), ancestor of the Keiths of Galston in Ayrshire” (no source cited)[1090]. m ---. The name of [Robert?]’s wife is not known. He had [one child]:

a) [WILLIAM Keith of Galston (-killed Stirling [1336 or after 13 Jan 1337?]). Balfour Paul records his parentage, adding that he “repulsed the English at Berwick in 1318”, commanded “at Berwick in 1333”, was “ambassador to England in 1335”, and was “killed at the siege of Stirling in 1336” (no sources cited)[1091]. Dunbar records that the heart of King Robert I, taken on pilgrimage by Sir James Douglas, was returned to Scotland by “Sir William Keith” after Douglas was killed near Granada, dated to late 1330/early 1331[1092]. Edward III King of England granted safe passage to “Willelmus de Keth et Godefridus de Ros milites” to England dated 22 Apr 1335[1093]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the siege 13 Jan 1337 [misdated in view of Balfour Paul recording William’s death in 1336?] of "castrum de Dunbar per dominum Willelmum de Monte-acuto comitem Sarisberiæ..." and the participation of “dominus...Willelmus de Keth de Galstona...domino Richardo Talbot”[1094]. Andrew Stuart, in discussing William’s career, noties his death “in 1336 or 1339”[1095]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

i) JANET Keith of Galston ([before 1336?]-after 24 Mar 1407). Balfour Paul records her parentage and two marriages, the information being corroborated by the sources cited below[1096]. Andrew Stuart discusses her father’s career, noting his death “in 1336 or 1339”, and suggests that Janet would have been of marriageable age in “1346 or 1349” and also that “from the known ages of her children by Alexander Stewart...she must have married him before the year 1371”[1097]. Follow her first husband’s hyperlink for discussion about his possible identity Whoever her first husband, it is likely that he died before [1359/64] considering the likely birth dates of her older children by her second husband. John Stewart Earl of Carrick granted “manerium capitale de Galstoun...in Baronia nostra de Kyle infra vicecomitatum de Air...fuerunt Janetæ de Keth...sua pura et libera viduitate” to “consanguineo suo Alexandro Senescalli fili Alexandri Senescalli de Derneley...precistæ Janetæ sponsæ suæ” by undated charter[1098]. “Johanna de Keth domina de Gallyston...in libera viduitate mea” granted “terras meas de Gallyston...” to [her son by her first marriage] “filio meo Andreæ de Hamilton” by charter dated 11 Dec 1406, witnessed by “...Willielmo de Hamilton filio meo militibus...Johanne Senescall filio meo domino de Cruickistoun...”, confirmed by Robert Stewart Duke of Albany 10 Feb 1406 (O.S.)[1099]. Robert Stewart Duke of Albany confirmed that “consanguinea nostra Janeta de Kecht domina de Gallystoun” granted “terris suis villæ de Bathkat...” to [her son by her first marriage] “consanguineo nostro Willelmo de Hamylton militi filio suo” by charter dated 24 Mar 1407[1100]. m firstly ([1350?]) --- de Hamilton, son of --- ([1325?]-before [1359/64?]). m secondly ([1359/64?]) ALEXANDER Stewart of Darnley, son of ALEXANDER Stewart of Darnley & his wife --- (-[18 Oct 1399/5 May 1404]

The parentage and marriage of the following person have not been confirmed. William Fraser records “David Fitz Walter [Hamilton of Cadzow]” between 1346 and 1375, and names “his wife Janet, whose surname is said to be Keith”[1101]. Balfour Paul confuses her with Janet Keith, daughter of William Keith of Galston, who is named as wife of “--- Hamilton” (see above)[1102], which is chronologically impossible considering the her second marriage with Alexander Stewart. Andrew Stuart reviews the sources which name “Sir David Hamilton of Cadzow, ancestor of the Duke of Hamilton’s family” and indicates that his wife was “Janet Keith daughter of Sir William Keith Marishall of Scotland”[1103]. That deduction is unsatisfactory considering William Keith’s daughter, also named Janet, who married Philip de Arbuthnott (see below). The Keith family has not been studied in sufficient detail to explain these anomalies. Another possibility is that the wife of David Hamilton was not named “Janet Keith” at all.

1. [JANET Keith] ). Her possible parentage is discussed above. Balfour Paul says that [her son] Andrew “had a charter on 11 December 1406 from his mother of lands in Ayrshire” (no source cited)[1104], but he is confusing the wife of David Hamilton with the wife of “--- Hamilton” who is named above. m ([1350/60?]) DAVID Hamilton, son of DAVID FitzWalter [Hamilton] & his wife --- (-[Oct 1381/1392]).]

EDWARD de Keith of Sinton, son of WILLIAM de Keith & his wife --- (-before 1351).

m firstly (before Jul 1305) ISABELLA Sinton, daughter of ---.

m secondly CHRISTIANA, daughter of JOHN Menteith Lord of Arran & his wife Ellen of Mar. Depositions dated 6 Oct 1447 made by “Andreas de Keth de Inverwgy etatis octoginta annorum” state that “domini Roberti de Erskyne comitis de Marr” was descended from “domino comiti de Marr dicto Gartnay”, recording that “dictus comes Gartnay de Marr genuit Donaldum comitem de Marr et duas filias”, that the sisters of Earl Donald married “una cum Roberto de Broyss Rege [incorrect] que sine liberis decessit et alia soror...Domino Johanne de Menteth” by whom she had two daughters, of whom the older married “Dominus Edwardus de Keth qui genuit ex ea Jonetam” who married “Domino Thoma de Erskyn” who fathered “Dominum Robertum de Erskyn comitem de Marr sepedictum”[1105]. She married secondly as his second wife, Robert Erskine of that Ilk.

Edward & his first wife had two children:

1. WILLIAM de Keith (-15 Oct [1407/09]). "Sir William of Keith marischal of Scotland" granted the lands of Mathers to Alexander of Berkley, with the consent of "Margaret his wife", by charter dated 3 May 1351[1106]. The "Aberdeen Cathedral Breviary" records the death "15 Oct 140- [last digit illegible]" of William Keith the Marischal[1107]. m MARGARET Fraser, daughter of JOHN Fraser & his wife ---. "Sir William of Keith marischal of Scotland" granted the lands of Mathers to Alexander of Berkley, with the consent of "Margaret his wife", by charter dated 3 May 1351[1108]. William & his wife had children:

a) JOHN Keith (-18 Mar 1375). The "Aberdeen Cathedral Breviary" records the death "18 Mar 1374" (presumably O.S.) of John Keith, son of William Keith the Marischal[1109]. m (17 Jan 1374[1110]) as her first husband, Lady JEAN Stewart, daughter of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his first wife Elizabeth Mure (-after 1404). Balfour Paul records her parentage and three marriages, noting that she was ancestress of the Lords Torpichen (no sources cited)[1111]. King Robert II granted “the lands...of Sir William Keith his father” to “filio nostro Johanni de Keth” by charter dated 17 Jan 1373 (O.S.)[1112]. She married secondly ([27 Jun/4 Oct] 1376[1113]) John Lyon of Glamis (-killed 4 Nov 1382). She married thirdly ([4 Nov 1383/2 May 1384]) James Sandilands of Calder (-before 9 Nov 1397). John & his wife had children:

i) ROBERT Keith (-1401). The Chronicle of Andrew of Wyntoun records that “Robert de Ketht, a mychty man” besieged “in Fermaretine at Fivy...his awnt...that tym the Lord of Craufurdis wyf” in 1395 and that “Shyr James [error for David?] de Lyndesay than hir Lord movit agane hym in discord...”[1114]. The "Aberdeen Cathedral Breviary" records the death in 1401 of Robert Keith, son of John Keith[1115]. Betrothed to ELIZABETH Graham, daughter of WILLIAM Graham of Kincardine & his wife ---. Balfour Paul states that Robert Keith was betrothed to "Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Graham" who had a dispensation dated 1 Aug 1404 to marry "Walter [Stewart] Earl of Caithness"[1116].

ii) ELIZABETH Keith . She was eventual sole heiress to her grandmother Margaret Fraser[1117].

b) ROBERT Keith (-before 20 Jul 1430).

- KEITH, EARLS MARISCHAL.

c) ALEXANDER Keith of Grandown (-after 2 Jun 1413). m ([1391/1403]) as her second husband, Lady MARJORIE Stewart, widow of JOHN Dunbar Earl of Moray, daughter of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his first wife Elizabeth Mure (-after 6 May 1417). The Papal dispensation for the marriage of "Johannis de Dovibar" and "Mariorie Senescalli", issued by Pope Urban V, is dated 11 Jul 1370[1118]. Alexander & his wife had one child:

i) CHRISTIAN Keith . m PATRICK Ogilvy, son of ALEXANDER Ogilvy, Sheriff of Angus & his wife ---.

d) MURIELLA Keith (-[10 Nov? 1448/1 Jun 1449]). Accounts dated 1449 record payments made to “domine Murielle quondam ducisse Albanie”, “de termino beati Martini ultimo ante ipsius mortem et de termino Pentecostes ultimo preterito post dicte domine ducisse decessum”[1119]. m (Papal dispensation 4 May 1380) as his second wife, ROBERT Stewart Earl of Fife, son of ROBERT Earl of Strathearn [later ROBERT II King of Scotland] & his wife his first wife Elizabeth Mure ([1340]-3 Sep 1420). Duke of Albany 28 Apr 1398.

e) JANET Keith . m PHILIP de Arbuthnott, son of ---.

f) MARGARET Keith (-after 1397). m JAMES Lindsay of Crawford, son of JAMES Lindsay Lord of Crawford and Kirkmichael & his wife Egidia Stewart (-1397).

g) ELIZABETH Keith (-[1436]). m firstly ADAM Gordon of Huntly, son of ---. m secondly NICHOLAS Erskine of Kinnoull, son of --- (-before Dec 1406). m thirdly (Papal dispensation 2 Nov 1411) THOMAS Somerville of Carnwath, son of ---.

h) CHRISTIAN Keith . [m firstly] (Papal dispensation 1 Mar 1363) JOHN Hay, son of JOHN Hay of Tullibody & his wife ---. m [secondly] (before 27 Dec 1375) WILLIAM Lindsay of the Byres, son of ---.

2. JOHN de Keith . m (Papal dispensation 12 Mar 1369) MARIOT de Chen, daughter of REGINALD de Chen & his wife Mary de Moray.

Edward & his second wife had [one child]:

3. [JANET (-1413). Balfour Paul records her first marriage[1120]. Her marriages are confirmed by the testimony of “Thomas Besat of Baluelye”, dated 6 Jun 1437, concerning the succession of Brechin, who said that “...the last scher David Berclay umquhile lord of Brechyn...had na brothir...bot alanerli a duoghter, the quhilk was marit witht Walter Steuart knicht, erl of Athol, sumtym", and that he (the witness) had been “seruand onto my lord scher Thomas of Erskyn...and my lade Dame Jehan his wife, that was modir to David Steuart’s modir”[1121]. Her ancestry and second marriage are indicated by the charter dated 18 Mar 1390 (O.S.?) which notes that “Dominus Thomas de Erskyne miles” recorded a contract between “Schir Malcome of Dromonde and Schir Johne of Swyntone apone the landis of the erledome of Marre and the lordshipe of Garvyauch” acknowledging that “Issabell the said Schir Malcoms wyf is verray and lauchfull ayre and failliand of the ayrez of hir body the half of the fornemmyt erldome and lordship perteignys to my wyfe of richt of heretage” and requested the king’s confirmation of his wife’s rights[1122]. Balfour Paul points out that "the proof that her name was Keith or that she was the daughter of Sir Edward Keith and Christian Menteith is very meagre, a fact of which no notice was taken in stating evidence for the Mar Restitution Bill of 1885", adds that “the pedigree compiled in 1709 by Mr. George Erskine, bailie of Alloa, asserts that such was Janet’s parentage, and it has been taken for granted that he was right”, and reviews the evidence[1123]. The main part of this evidence consists of depositions dated 6 Oct 1447 made by “Andreas de Keth de Inverwgy etatis octoginta annorum” who states that “domini Roberti de Erskyne comitis de Marr” was descended from “domino comiti de Marr dicto Gartnay”, recording that “dictus comes Gartnay de Marr genuit Donaldum comitem de Marr et duas filias”, that “idem Donaldus genuit Thomam comitem de Marr et Margaretam”, that Thomas died childless and that Margaret married “Willelmo comiti de Dowglass qui genuit ex ea Jacobum et Ysabellam qui sine liberis decesserunt”, that the sisters of Earl Donald married “una cum Roberto de Broyss Rege [incorrect] que sine liberis decessit et alia soror...Domino Johanne de Menteth” by whom she had two daughters, of whom the older married “Dominus Edwardus de Keth qui genuit ex ea Jonetam” who married “Domino Thoma de Erskyn” who fathered “Dominum Robertum de Erskyn comitem de Marr sepedictum”[1124]. This deposition appears clear, and given the age of the deponent could in part have reflected his own first-hand knowledge of events. Whatever her precise parentage, it is clear that Janet was the heiress of the earldom of Mar, presumably descended from a sister of Duncan Earl of Mar. m firstly DAVID Barclay Lord of Brechin, son of DAVID de Barclay Lord of Brechin & his wife Margaret de Brechin (-[13 Oct 1366/16 Apr 1369]). m secondly (before 13 Apr 1370) as his second wife, THOMAS Erskine of Erskine, son of ROBERT Erskine & his first wife Beatrice Lindsay (-1405).]

LASCELLES

1. WALTER de Lascelles . m ---. The name of Walter’s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

a) ALAN de Lascelles . "Alanus filius Walteri de Lasceles" donated land "in parochia de Adhenauthen" to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by undated charter witnessed by "…Herueyo de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles…"[1125]. m ---.

2. ALAN de Lascelles . "…Alano de Laceles…" witnessed the undated charter, probably dated to the start of his reign, under which William King of Scotland confirmed the property of St Andrew’s priory[1126]. m ---. The name of Alan’s wife is not known. Alan & his wife had one child:

a) ALAN de Lascelles . "Alanus de Lasceles filius Alani de Lasceles et Juliane de Sumuille" donated "ecclesiam de Forgrund" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dunecano de Lasceles, Henrico de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles, Willo Giffard…"[1127].

3. DUNCAN de Lascelles (-after [1222/23]). "Alanus de Lasceles filius Alani de Lasceles et Juliane de Sumuille" donated "ecclesiam de Forgrund" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dunecano de Lasceles, Henrico de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles, Willo Giffard…"[1128]. "Dunecani de Lasceles" donated land "in territorio de Seggin" to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "mme et C. uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Herneyo de Lasceles, Ricardo filio eius…"[1129]. "Duncan de Lasceles and Christiana his wife account for 10 l for having her land of Boultona which is her heritage, since she cannot have a reasonable part of her heritage in Scotland", dated [1200/01][1130]. "...Dunecan de Lacelles..." acted as one of the pledges for “Adam the nephew of Hugh” in a dual with “John Cole”, dated to [1204/05][1131]. The 1206/07 Pipe Roll records that "Ralf de Hosdeng and Duncan de Lasceles and Christiana his wife account for 240 marks for having the whole land which Walter de Windlesores held of the K. [John] in capite the day he died"[1132]. The 1222/23 Pipe Rolls record a debt owed by "Dunecan de Lacelles”[1133]. m firstly CHRISTIANA de Windsor, daughter of WALTER de Windsor & his wife [Christiana de Wiham] (-[1206/07]). "Dunecani de Lasceles" donated land "in territorio de Seggin" to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "mme et C. uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Herneyo de Lasceles, Ricardo filio eius…"[1134]. "Duncan de Lasceles and Christiana his wife account for 10 l for having her land of Boultona which is her heritage, since she cannot have a reasonable part of her heritage in Scotland", dated [1200/01][1135]. Her parentage and marriage are indicated by the 1206/07 Pipe Roll which records that "Ralf de Hosdeng and Duncan de Lasceles and Christiana his wife account for 240 marks for having the whole land which Walter de Windlesores held of the K. [John] in capite the day he died"[1136]. m secondly ([1207/1 Dec 1208]) CHRISTIANA, daughter of WALTHEOF & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by an agreement dated 1 Dec 1208 between "Duncan de Lascelles and Christina his wife" and “Hugh abbot of Jedburgh” relating to the donation of “the advowson of the church of Bastenethwait” made by “Waldef son of Gosepatric father of Cristiana”[1137]. Duncan & his first wife had one child:

a) CHRISTIANA de Lascelles . An order dated 1211/12 records that "William Briwere accounts for 60 marks and one palfrey for the marriage of Cristiana daughter of Dunekan de Lasceles with the half of the vill of Burneham"[1138]. The Pipe Roll 1211 records that "Willelmus Briwerre" paid a fine for "maritagio Cristiane filie Dunekani de Lascel cum medietate vlle de Burnham" before Michaelmas 1211[1139]. m ([1211]) WILLIAM de Briwere, son of ---.

4. HENRY de Lascelles . "Alanus filius Walteri de Lasceles" donated land "in parochia de Adhenauthen" to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by undated charter witnessed by "…Herueyo de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles…"[1140]. "Alanus de Lasceles filius Alani de Lasceles et Juliane de Sumuille" donated "ecclesiam de Forgrund" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dunecano de Lasceles, Henrico de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles, Willo Giffard…"[1141]. "Dunecani de Lasceles" donated land "in territorio de Seggin" to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "mme et C. uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Herneyo de Lasceles, Ricardo filio eius…"[1142]. m ---. The name of Henry’s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) RICHARD de Lascelles . "Alanus filius Walteri de Lasceles" donated land "in parochia de Adhenauthen" to St Andrew’s priory, with the consent of "uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by undated charter witnessed by "…Herueyo de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles…"[1143]. "Alanus de Lasceles filius Alani de Lasceles et Juliane de Sumuille" donated "ecclesiam de Forgrund" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…Dunecano de Lasceles, Henrico de Lasceles, Ricardo de Lasceles, Willo Giffard…"[1144]. "Ricardus de Lasceles" donated land "de Frereton" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…W. de Lasceles…"[1145]. "Dunecani de Lasceles" donated land "in territorio de Seggin" to St Andrew’s priory, for the souls of "mme et C. uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Herneyo de Lasceles, Ricardo filio eius…"[1146].

5. WILLIAM de Lascelles (-after 1203). "Malcolmus filius Dunecani comitis de Fif" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam de Cupre…Marking…Sconin, capellam de Katel" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Dunecanus comes pater meus", by undated charter but presumably dated to soon after his father’s death in 1203, witnessed by "…Willo de Lascel…"[1147]. "Ricardus de Lasceles" donated land "de Frereton" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter witnessed by "…W. de Lasceles…"[1148]. "…Willelmo de Laceles…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland donated "ecclesiam de Foreys et ecclesiam de Dich" to the church of Moray[1149].

6. ROGER de Lascelles . m BEATRICE, daughter of ---. [One child]:

a) [THEOBALD de Lascelles of Aylesby (-[1220/30]). His possible parentage is shown in the Complete Peerage[1150]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Theobaldus de Lasceles…et Ada uxore eius" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo" for "terre…in Bulewico" which was "dotem ipsius Ade unde Willelmus de Curtenay quondam vir suus"[1151].] m as her second husband, ADA de Dunbar, widow of WILLIAM de Courtenay, of Bulwick, Upminster and Morle, daughter of PATRICK Earl of Dunbar & his first wife Ada of Scotland (-after [1230]). "P. comes de Dunbar et P. filius eius" donated property which "Willo de Curteneya et A. uxori ei teneant…de Home" to Kelso monastery by charter dated to [1200][1152]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Theobaldus de Lasceles…et Ada uxore eius" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo" for "terre…in Bulewico" which was "dotem ipsius Ade unde Willelmus de Curtenay quondam vir suus"[1153]. "Ada de Curtenay filia Patricis comitis de Dumbar" donated property "in territorio de Home" to Kelso monastery, for the souls of "maritorum meorum", by charter dated to [1230][1154].

7. JAMES Lascelles . "Alex Cumyn comes de Buchan" confirmed the donation of property in "Inuerinhe" made by "bone memorie Willi patris nostri et Margarie matris nostre" to St Andrew’s priory, by undated charter witnessed by "…Jacobo de Lascelles…"[1155].

8. RALPH Lascelles . "Alexandro Comyne comite de Bochane iusticiario Scocie, Fergusi fratre eius, Malcolmo de Moravia tunc vicecomite de Perth…Ranulpho de Laceles…Willielmo de Moravia filio domini Malcolmi de Moravia, Duncano filii Fergusii, Lorne fratre eius…" witnessed the charter dated to [1270/82] under which Malise Earl of Strathearn granted property to "domino Malisio de Logy, filio quondam domini Malisii senescalli de Stratherene"[1156]. A charter dated Jun 1296 records the submission of "Rauf de Lasceles chevalier" to Edward I King of England[1157].

9. WILLIAM Lascelles . The Ragman Roll names "William de Lasceles" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Elgyn in Moray 28 Jul 1296[1158].

10. ALAN de Lascelles (-after 1315). "Patricius de Graham" donated "tertiam partem meam terræ de Altre" to Beauly priory by undated charter, dated to [1315/25], which names "nobilis memoriæ dominus Johannes Byseth…domini David patris mei", witnessed by "…Alexandro Corbuyt, Alano de Lasculis"[1159].

LINDSAY

Two brothers:

1. WALTER de Lindsay . "…Galtio de Lyndeseia…" witnessed the charter dated to [1119/24] under which "David comes filii Malcolmi regis Scotorum" founded the monastery of Kelso[1160]. "…Walterus de Lindeseya…" witnessed the charter, dated to the reign of Alexander I King of Scotland, under which "David predicti regis Scotie germanum…Cumbrensis regionis princeps" [therefore dated to before 1124] listed the lands of the church of Glasgow[1161]. A charter dated 1185 lists lands of the Knights Templars, including lands “de tota Lindeseie” which includes “in Fordington, Aluredus decanus, pro uno tofto, de dono Walteri de Lindesei, xii d ad Pascham” and (in the subsequent sentence) "in Welletone, Walterus et frater eius, pro uno tofto xx d"[1162]. "…Walt de Lindeseia, W. de Lindeseia…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland donated "ecclesiam de Cadihou" to the church of Glasgow[1163]. "…Walt de Lindeseia, Willo fratre eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland confirmed "ecclesiam de Lohworuara" to the church of Glasgow[1164]. "Valterus de Lyndesay" donated "fartum Alwini ex illa parte aque versus Cadesley…per viam que ducit Windesdores" to Dryburgh monastery by undated charter[1165].

2. WILLIAM de Lindsay (-after 1147). "…Willelmo de Lindeseya…" witnessed the charter dated to [5 Aug/31 Dec] 1134 under which "Albreda filia Remelini, quæ fuit uxor Eustachii de Sellea" donated "manerium de Waltona" to Ramsey abbey[1166]. "…Walt de Lindeseia, Willo fratre eius…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland confirmed "ecclesiam de Lohworuara" to the church of Glasgow[1167]. "…Willo de Lindes…" witnessed the charter dated 29 Apr 1141 under which David King of Scotland donated "terram de Eldune…Dernewic" to Melrose abbey[1168]. "Willelmus de Lyndesay" donated "fartum Alwini ex illa parte aque versus Cadesley…per viam que ducit Windesdores" to Dryburgh monastery by undated charter[1169]. "Willelmus de Lyndesay" donated "duas bovatas terre in Ercildon" {Earlston} to Dryburgh monastery, with the consent of "Waltero filio et herede meo", by undated charter[1170]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

a) WALTER de Lindsay (-after 1164). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which "Willelmus de Lyndesay" donated "duas bovatas terre in Ercildon" {Earlston} to Dryburgh monastery, with the consent of "Waltero filio et herede meo"[1171]. Walter de Lindsay donated the church of Earlston to Kelso abbey, for the soul of his uncle Walter, and "concedente Willelmo filio meo", by undated charter[1172]. "…Willo de Lindesei, Walto de Lindesei…" witnessed the undated charter under which Malcolm IV King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesie de Foregrund" to St Andrew’s priory[1173]. The reversed order of the names in this charter, compared with "Walt de Lindeseia, Willo fratre eius" in the charter of Glasgow quoted above, suggests that the two witnesses were not the same as the brothers Walter and William who are named above. "…Waltero de Lindesia…" witnessed the undated charter under which Malcolm IV King of Scotland donated "decimas" from fishing around the island of May to the priory of the Isle of May[1174]. "…Walterus de Lyndesey…" witnessed the charter dated to [1133/60] under which "Radulfus filius Alfwini Child" donated "terra…in Huntendona" to Ramsey abbey[1175]. m ---. The name of Walter’s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM de Lindsay (-after [1200]). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his father Walter de Lindsay donated the church of Earlston to Kelso abbey, for the soul of his uncle Walter, and "concedente Willelmo filio meo"[1176].

- see below.

1. RANULF de Lindsay (-before 1158). "…Gospatricio filio Orm et Randulfo de Lindeseia…" witnessed the undated charter under which David King of Scotland confirmed the donation to St Bees made by "Matildis uxor Godardi"[1177]. "Ricardus de Lucy" donated land "in villa de Louswater", and confirmed the donation of "prato et capellam eiusdem ville" donated by "Rann[ulfi] de Lyndesey et Hetrede sponse sue", to St Bees, for the salvation of "Ade uxoris mee", by undated charter[1178]. m as her first husband, ETHELREDA, daughter of WALTHEOF & his wife Sigrid ---. The Cronicon Cumbriæ records that “Alanus filius et hæres eiusdem Waldevi” enfeoffed “Ranulpho” with property and “Etheldreda sorore sua”[1179]. "Ricardus de Lucy" donated land "in villa de Louswater", and confirmed the donation of "prato et capellam eiusdem ville" donated by "Rann[ulfi] de Lyndesey et Hetrede sponse sue", to St Bees, for the salvation of "Ade uxoris mee", by undated charter[1180]. She married secondly William de Eseby. "Willelmus de Essevilla" confirmed the donation of "capellam de Lousewater" made to St Bees by "Radulphus de Lyndesay et Hethreda sponsa mea" by undated charter[1181]. "Willelmus de Esseby" donated land "in Loretona" to St Bees, with the consent of "Hectrudis uxoris mee et Symonis heredis mei", by undated charter[1182].

WILLIAM de Lindsay, son of WALTER de Lindsay & his wife --- (-after [1200]). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his father Walter de Lindsay donated the church of Earlston to Kelso abbey, for the soul of his uncle Walter, and "concedente Willelmo filio meo"[1183]. ["W. de Lindeseia" donated "Fauope iuxta Led" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Swano filio Th--- Arosine de Lindeseia……"[1184]. This charter is included in the cartulary with charters dated to the reign of King Malcolm IV, although there appears to be little information in the document which helps its dating. Balfour Paul dates the charter to "before 1179"[1185]. If this is correct, "W. de Lindeseia" could either be William or his father Walter.] "…Will de Lyndesay…" is named as one of the hostages given to Henry II King of England in return for the liberation of William King of Scotland in 1174[1186]. "…Willo de Lindesei, Walto de Lindesei…" witnessed the undated charter under which Malcolm IV King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesie de Foregrund" to St Andrew’s priory[1187]. The reversed order of the names in this charter, compared with "Walt de Lindeseia, Willo fratre eius" in the charter of Glasgow quoted above, suggests that the two witnesses were not the same as the brothers Walter and William who are named above. The 1187/88 Pipe Roll records "William de Lindeseia owes 40 marks for having the right in the K’s court against Henry the clerk of Appelby, the Countess of Albemarle, and Nicholas de Stuteville in Uckemanebi and Blendherseta, and Wuering, and Leventona, and Laweswater, and Bekyrmet and Stapelthein" in Cumberland[1188]. "Willelmus de Lyndessay" donated "terre mee de Cruford" to Newbattle priory by undated charter, witnessed by "David comite frater regis, David herede meo, Waltero de Lyndd"[1189]. "…Willelmo de Lindesey…Dauid de Lindeseie…" subscribed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scottorum" founded Lindores Abbey[1190]. "…Willo de Lindes…Walt de Berk, Rob de Berk, Henrico de Graham" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Melrose abbey by "Alanus filius Walteri dapifer eisdem monarch"[1191]. Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to St Andrew’s priory, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Dul" by "Malcolmi comitis de Hathoil et ex confirmacione Henrici filii sui", by undated charter, probably dated to the start of his reign, witnessed by "…Willi de Lindesey…"[1192]. "Robertus de Lundoniis filius regis Scottorum" donated "toftum in burgo meo de Inuerkaithin" to Lindores Abbey by undated charter, dated to before 1219, witnessed by "Comite David fratre regis Scotorum, comite Patricio, William de Lindesei, Willelmo de Haya…"[1193]. "Domino David de Lindsay tunc justiciario Landonie, domino Willielmo de Lyndsay…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldovenus comes de Levenax" granted land "in Levenax…Buthernockis et…Kyncaith" to "Wilielmo filio Arthuri filii Galbrait"[1194]. "Willelmus de Lyndesay" donated land "in Ercildon" to Dryburgh monastery, with the consent of "Waltero filio meo", by undated charter[1195].

m firstly ---. The name of William’s first wife is not known.

m secondly ELEANOR de Limesey, daughter of GERARD de Limesey & his wife Amice de Bidun (-before 1223). Her parentage and marriage are indicated by a document dated [29 Oct] 1223 which records a claim against "Hugh de Hoddingesele and Basilia his wife...along with David de Lindesi” relating to charters of “Alan de Lymesia and Gerard his son father of said Basilia and grandfather of said David”[1196].

William & his first wife had one child:

1. WALTER de Lindsay (-[1221]). "Willelmus de Lyndesay" donated land "in Ercildon" to Dryburgh monastery, with the consent of "Waltero filio meo", by undated charter[1197]. Balfour Paul states that Walter de Lindsay was Lord of Lamberton before [1200] when he had a licence from the prior of Coldingham to have a private chapel in his castle there[1198]. "…Com. Patricio, Will Cumin, Waltero de Lindes, Rog fil Henr……" witnessed the undated charter under which "David marescall dñi regis Scott" donated "piscarias meas de Thveda" to Melrose abbey[1199]. The names of the witnesses suggest that the document should be dated to the late 12th century. "…Waltero de Lindesay…" subscribed the charter dated 7 Dec 1221 under which Alexander II King of Scotland donated "terram de Burgyn" to Kinloss[1200]. m ---. The name of Walter’s wife is not known. She married secondly (1222, Papal dispensation) P--- de Valognes, son of ---. The Chronicle of Melrose records that in 1222 "P. de Valoniis, with the consent of…the king" married "the widow of Walter de Lindsay, but against her own will, because they were connected in the third or fourth degree of relationship or affinity" after which "P" obtained a dispensation from the Pope in Rome[1201]. Walter & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de Lindsay (-1247). Balfour Paul states that William de Lindsay Lord of Lamberton, son of Walter de Lindsay, witnessed a charter of King Alexander II[1202].

- see below.

William & his second wife had two children:

2. DAVID de Lindsay (-after 12 Nov 1246). "Willelmus de Lyndessay" donated "terre mee de Cruford" to Newbattle priory by undated charter, witnessed by "David comite frater regis, David herede meo, Waltero de Lyndd"[1203]. His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Gerard de Lyndd filius DD de Lyndd" confirmed donations made to Newbattle priory by "Willelmus de Lyndd avus meus…Dauid de Lyndd fratris mei"[1204]. Balfour Paul states that David was older son of William & his second wife[1205]. "David de Lyndd fili David de Lyndd" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" made by "patre meo" to Newbattle priory, for the health of King Alexander, by undated charter[1206].

- see below.

3. WILLIAM de Lindsay (-after 25 Aug 1236). Balfour Paul states that William was younger son of William & his second wife, but he cites no corresponding primary source, although the chronology appears favourable[1207]. Seneschal to the Steward of Scotland. "…Wilelmo de Lyndesay…" witnessed the charter dated 25 Aug 1236 under which Alexander II King of Scotland donated "tribus ecclesie de Karryc" to Paisley monastery[1208].

- see below.

WILLIAM de Lindsay, son of WALTER de Lindsay & his wife --- (-1247). Balfour Paul states that William de Lindsay Lord of Lamberton, son of Walter de Lindsay, witnessed a charter of King Alexander II[1209].

m ([1220]) ALICE de Lancaster, daughter of GILBERT FitzRoger & his wife Hawise de Lancaster (-before 1247). A manuscript describing the descendants of “Ivo Tayleboyse” names “Helewisiam primogenitam…maritata Petro de Brus seniori, Alicia…maritata Willo de Lindesay et Serotam…maritata Alano de Multono” as the three sisters of "Willielmum de Lancastre…tertius et ultimus"[1210]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a writ dated Thursday after Epiphany "56 Hen III", after the death of her son "Walter de Lyndesay", which records "a moiety of the lands which were of William de Lonecastre his uncle, one of whose heirs he was, excepting the dower of Agnes sometime the wife of the said William"[1211].

William & his wife had one child:

1. WALTER de Lindsay ([1231/32]-2 Nov 1271). A writ dated 25 Dec "31 Hen III", after the death of "William de Lancastr" names "Peter de Brus of full age and Walter son of William de Lyndeseys aged 16 are his heirs", adding that he died "on Wednesday the vigil of St Andrew"[1212]. Lord of Lamberton. Inquisitions after the death of "Walter de Lyndesay", dated "Thursday after Epiphany, 56 Hen III", name "William his son, aged 21 at the Nativity of St John the Baptis last" as his heir, adding that he married "5 years ago at Whitsunday last…Ada daughter of John de Balliolo, with his father’s consent"[1213]. A writ dated Thursday after Epiphany "56 Hen III", after the death of "Walter de Lyndesay", states that he died "on the day of the Commemoration of All Souls last" and names "William his son, aged 21 at the nativity of St John the Baptist last, is his heir, and five years ago at Whitsunday last contracted marriage with Ada daughter of John de Balliolo, with his father’s consent"[1214]. m as her first husband, CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. She married secondly (before 23 Sep 1274) Walter Percy. Alexander III King of Scotland informed Edward I King of England that "with his assent Cristiana widow of Walter de Lyndesay had married Walter de Percy" by letter dated 23 Sep 1274[1215]. "Walter de Percy of Kyldale" paid a fine of 80 marks for marrying "Cristiana widow of Walter de Lindeseye" without King Edward’s permission by charter dated 14 Jun 1275[1216]. Inquisitions following a writ dated 10 Nov "10 Edw I", after the death of "William de Lyndeseye”, mentions land dowered to “Christiana mother of the said William”[1217]. Walter & his wife had [three] children:

a) WILLIAM de Lindsay of Lamberton (1250-before 10 Nov 1282). A writ dated Thursday after Epiphany "56 Hen III", after the death of "Walter de Lyndesay", states that he died "on the day of the Commemoration of All Souls last" and names "William his son, aged 21 at the nativity of St John the Baptist last, is his heir, and five years ago at Whitsunday last contracted marriage with Ada daughter of John de Balliolo, with his father’s consent"[1218]. Inquisitions following a writ dated 10 Nov "10 Edw I", after the death of "William de Lyndeseye”, name “Christiana his daughter aged 16 at the Annunciation 11 Edw I is his heir” and mentions land dowered to “Christiana mother of the said William”[1219]. m (15 May 1266) ADA Balliol, daughter of JOHN de Balliol of Barnard Castle, co Durham & his wife Devorguilla of Galloway. A writ dated Thursday after Epiphany "56 Hen III", after the death of "Walter de Lyndesay", states that he died "on the day of the Commemoration of All Souls last" and names "William his son, aged 21 at the nativity of St John the Baptist last, is his heir, and five years ago at Whitsunday last contracted marriage with Ada daughter of John de Balliolo, with his father’s consent"[1220]. A charter dated 27 Dec 1283 records the protection granted by King Edward I to "Ada widow of William de Lyndeseye about to set out for Scotland"[1221]. William & his wife had one child:

i) CHRISTIAN de Lindsay ([1267]-1320 or after). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire, names “Christiana de Lyndesay” as daughter of “secundo Willielmo”, adding that she married “Ingelranum de Gynes”[1222]. Inquisitions following a writ dated 10 Nov "10 Edw I", after the death of "William de Lyndeseye”, name “Christiana his daughter aged 16 at the Annunciation 11 Edw I is his heir”[1223]. A charter dated 28 May 1283 records the fealty sworn to King Edward I by "Ingeram de Gynes" who has married "Cristiana daughter and heiress of William de Lindesi deceased" for her father’s lands[1224]. 1320. m (before 28 May 1283) ENGUERRAND de Guines, son of ARNOUL [III] Comte de Guines & his wife Alix de Coucy (-after 1321). He succeeded in 1311 as Seigneur de Coucy.

b) [MARGARET de Lindsay . Balfour Paul shows her parentage and marriage[1225]. m DAVID de Lindsay, son of ---.]

c) [ALICE de Lindsay (-after 18 Nov 1279). Balfour Paul suggests that her parentage is confirmed by her possession of Ulseby and her son John Comyn (presumably indicating John Comyn "the Black") being guardian of Alexander Lindsay, son of her supposed sister Margaret and David de Lindsay[1226]. However, the chronology suggests that John Comyn "the Black" was the son of John Comyn’s first wife. Considering the birth of her supposed father Walter de Lindsay in [1231/33], it is unlikely that Alice could have married John Comyn before [1265] at the earliest. m ([1265/70]) as his second wife, JOHN Comyn Lord of Badenoch, son of RICHARD Comyn & his wife --- (-1277).]

DAVID de Lindsay, son of WILLIAM de Lindsay & his wife --- (-after 12 Nov 1246). "Willelmus de Lyndessay" donated "terre mee de Cruford" to Newbattle priory by undated charter, witnessed by "David comite frater regis, David herede meo, Waltero de Lyndd"[1227]. His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Gerard de Lyndd filius DD de Lyndd" confirmed donations made to Newbattle priory by "Willelmus de Lyndd avus meus…Dauid de Lyndd fratris mei"[1228]. "David de Lyndd fili David de Lyndd" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" made by "patre meo" to Newbattle priory, for the health of King Alexander, by undated charter[1229]. "David de Lyndd" confirmed the donation of "terre mee de Cruford" made by "pater meus Willelmus de Lyndd" to Newbattle priory by undated charter, witnessed by "Waltero de Lyndd, David Quincy, Alano de Somerwille…"[1230]. "…Willelmo de Lindesey…Dauid de Lindeseie…" subscribed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scottorum" founded Lindores Abbey[1231]. "…Dauid de Linesei, Waltero Olifer…" subscribed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scottorum" donated "ecclesiam de Lundors…ecclesiam de Dunde…ecclesiam de Durnach" to Lindores Abbey[1232]. "Malisius filius comitis Fertheth frater comitis Gilberti de Strathern" donated "Rathangothen" to Lindores Abbey, for the soul of "uxoris mee filie comitis David", by undated charter, witnessed by "Waltero Olifard, David de Lindeseia…David Olifard…"[1233]. "…Rogero Avenel, Alano de Mundegumeri, David de Lindeseie, Rogero filio Glay…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scottorum" confirmed the donation of property "in territorio de Inuerwic" made to Melrose abbey by "Rogerius filius Glay et Willemus de Haskerrestun et Ricardus de Haskerrestun frater eius et Johannes filius Alani de Mundegumeri et Vicencius filius Roberti Avenel et Nicholaus filius Rollandi"[1234]. "Domino David de Lindsay tunc justiciario Landonie, domino Willielmo de Lyndsay…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Maldovenus comes de Levenax" granted land "in Levenax…Buthernockis et…Kyncaith" to "Wilielmo filio Arthuri filii Galbrait"[1235]. "…David de Lindes…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Feb 1241 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the rights of Scone Abbey over "duas acre in territorio de Scona ubi molendinum…"[1236]. "…David de Lindesay justiciario Laudonie…" witnessed the charter dated 12 Nov 1246 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed a donation to Scone Abbey made by "Rogerus de Queinci comes Wintonie"[1237].

m MARJORY, illegitimate daughter of [DAVID of Scotland Earl of Huntingdon & his mistress ---] (-[after 1241]). "DD de Lyndes filius DD de Lyndes" donated revenue to Dunfermline abbey with "matri mee" by undated charter witnessed by "domina Margeria de Lyndeseya…"[1238]. This document suggests that Marjory lived during the later years of the life of her son David, who died in 1241. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by her great grandson "domini Roberti de Pinkeny" name "Margareta" as daughter of "Henr patre Regis Willi" but do not name her husband[1239]. If the hypothesis about Marjory’s date of death is correct, this alleged parentage is impossible from a chronological point of view. Balfour Paul suggests that she may have been the daughter of one of the sons of David Earl of Huntingdon who are named Henry[1240]. However, this suggestion appears to place her birth somewhat late, considering that her son David was already married when he died in 1241. She is shown here as the possible daughter of David Earl of Huntingdon, but that is only a suggestion.

David & his wife had five children:

1. DAVID de Lindsay (-before [15 Apr] 1241). "David de Lyndd fili David de Lyndd" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" made by "patre meo" to Newbattle priory, for the health of King Alexander, by undated charter[1241]. "David de Lyndeshey filius David de Lyndeshey" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" to Newbattle priory, for the soul of "Willi fratris mei", by undated charter witnessed by "…Waltero de Lindesey fratre meo…"[1242]. "DD de Lyndes filius DD de Lyndes" donated revenue to Dunfermline abbey with "matri mee" by undated charter witnessed by "domina Margeria de Lyndeseya…"[1243]. "David de Lyndeseia filius David de Lydeseia" donated revenue to Dunfermline monastery by undated charter witnessed by "…dña Margeria de Lyndeseya…"[1244]. m as her first husband, CHRISTIANA de Limesey, daughter of --- (-after [25 Jun] 1241). Her family origin and marriage are indicated by a document dated to [1225/26] which records that "the heirs of Amabilis de Limesi owe...of her fine not to be compelled to marry”, that “Hugh de Oddingseles and Basilia his wife” owe a debt, and that “David son and heir of David de Lindesi, who has one of Amabilis’s sisters” owes part[1245]. A document dated to [15 Apr] 1241 records that "Christiana widow of David de Lindesye, who had a writ for her dower versus Gerard de Doddingeseles in Bradefelde...is not present”[1246]. Christiana married secondly ([Apr/13 May] 1241) Robert de Pinkeney. The marriage is indicated by the following document, assuming that “Bradewelle” is the same as “Bradefelde” which is named in the document dated [15 Apr] 1241. "Robert de Pinkeny and Cristiana his wife” sued several individuals concerning rights of land, including “Simon the clerk of Bradewelle” relating to land “in Bradewelle in Oxfordshire which...they claim as Cristiana’s dower”, dated 13 May 1241[1247]. The marriage is also indicated by a document dated 16 May 1241 which records a claim by "Robert de Pinkeny and Cristiana his wife” against “Gerard de Oddingeseles”[1248], who is also named in the [15 Apr] 1241 document. "Robert de Pinkeny and Cristiana his wife” sued “Henry de Pinkeny” relating to land “in Whichinton which...they claim as Cristiana’s dower”, dated [25 Jun] 1241[1249].

2. GERARD de Lindsay (-1249). "Gerard de Lyndd filius DD de Lyndd" confirmed donations made to Newbattle priory by "Willelmus de Lyndd avus meus…Dauid de Lyndd fratris mei" by undated charter[1250]. "…Dño Gerardo de Lindeseya…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Johannes de Scot comes Cestrie et de Huntedon" confirmed the donations to St Andrew’s priory made by "pater noster comes David", undated but presumably dated to soon after his father’s death (in 1219)[1251]. A document dated to 1241 records "Gerard de Lindesi brother and heir of David de Lindesi [owes] 50 l for his relief”[1252].

3. WALTER de Lindsay . "David de Lyndeshey filius David de Lyndeshey" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" to Newbattle priory, for the soul of "Willi fratris mei", by undated charter witnessed by "…Waltero de Lindesey fratre meo…"[1253]. m CHRISTIANA Hose, daughter of JOHN Hose & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Walterus de Lyndesay miles filius et heres quondam Christiane Hose et Matildis soror eiusdem Christiane, heredes quondam domini Johannis Hose militis" confirmed the donation of "ecclesie de Cragyn" to Paisley monastery[1254]. One child:

a) WALTER de Lindsay . "Walterus de Lyndesay miles filius et heres quondam Christiane Hose et Matildis soror eiusdem Christiane, heredes quondam domini Johannis Hose militis" confirmed the donation of "ecclesie de Cragyn" to Paisley monastery by undated charter[1255].

4. WILLIAM de Lindsay (-before 1241). "David de Lyndeshey filius David de Lyndeshey" confirmed the donation of "terre mee in territorio de Crauford" to Newbattle priory, for the soul of "Willi fratris mei", by undated charter witnessed by "…Waltero de Lindesey fratre meo…"[1256].

5. ALICE de Lindsay (-[1252/54]). "Henry de Pinkeny, who had married Alicia sister and heir of Gerard de Lyndesi in the moiety of the barony of Lymesy” swore homage to King Henry III, dated 10 Apr 1249[1257]. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Roberti de Pinkeny" name "Alicia" as daughter of "Margareta", daughter of "Henri patre Regis Willi"[1258]. m HENRY de Pinkeney Lord of Wedon-Pinkeney, son of ROBERT de Pinkeney & his wife Aiglene --- (-before 16 May 1254). A writ after the death of "Henry de Pinkeny alias de Pynkeny", dated "2 Jul 38 Hen III", and later inquisitions, record that "Henry his son aged 26 and more is his heir" and refer to "Barton, 10 marks land held of Sir Henry de Hastinges in free marriage, which the deceased gave to Alice his daughter"[1259].

WILLIAM de Lindsay, son of WILLIAM de Lindsay & his second wife Eleanor de Limesay (-after 25 Aug 1236). Seneschal to the Steward of Scotland. "…Wilelmo de Lyndesay…" witnessed the charter dated 25 Aug 1236 under which Alexander II King of Scotland donated "tribus ecclesie de Karryc" to Paisley monastery[1260].

m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known.

William & his wife had one child:

1. DAVID Lindsay (-after 1249). "……David de Lindes patr fil Willi…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Feb 1241 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed a donation of "duas acras terre in territorio de Scona" to Scone abbey[1261]. m ---. The name of David’s wife is not known. David & his wife had two children:

a) DAVID Lindsay (-on crusade [1268/71]). Regent of Scotland 1255. High Chamberlain 1256. "…Davide de Lindesai juniore…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Alexander senescallus Scocie" confirmed the donation to Balmerino abbey of "una terra in burgo de Perth" made by "Walterus pater meus"[1262]. m MARGARET Lindsay, daughter of [WALTER de Lindsay & his wife Christiana ---]. Balfour Paul shows her parentage and marriage[1263]. "Willelmus de Lyndesay miles filius quondam dni David de Lyndeshay" donated revenue to Newbattle priory, for the souls of "dni David de Lydesay patris mei et Margarete de Lyndesay matris mee", by charter dated 1293[1264]. David & his wife had three children:

i) ALEXANDER Lindsay (-after 1308). The Ragman Roll names "…Phelippe de Lindeseye…Alisaundre de Lindeseye, knights" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[1265]. m ---. The name of Alexander’s wife is not known. Alexander & his wife had one child:

(a) DAVID Lindsay (-before 13 Oct 1357). "David de Lyndd dñs de Crauford filius et heres quondam dñi Alex de Lyndd" confirmed the donation "in territorio de Crauford" to Newbattle priory made by "Gerardi de Lyndd", to Newbattle priory by charter dated 1327[1266].

- see below.

(b) BEATRICE Lindsay . Duncan Earl of Fife granted his barony of Wester Caldor to “domine Beatrice de Douglas sponse quondam domini Archibaldi” for her lifetime and after her death to “Johannis de Douglas filio suo et heredi ac heredibus suis” by undated charter[1267]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not been identified, although Fraser notes that she and her second husband were ancestors of the Erskine Earls of Mar[1268]. m firstly ARCHIBALD Douglas, son of WILLIAM [III] Douglas of Douglas & his first wife Elizabeth Stewart (-killed in battle Halidon Hill 19 Jul 1333). m secondly ROBERT Erskine of Erskine, son of ---.

ii) WILLIAM Lindsay (-after [1310]). Lord of Symington, Ayrshire. "Willelmus de Lyndesay miles filius quondam dni David de Lyndeshay" donated revenue to Newbattle priory, for the souls of "dni David de Lydesay patris mei et Margarete de Lyndesay matris mee", by charter dated 1293[1269]. "Willelmus de Lindesay" donated property to Deer, for the souls and anniversaries of "Margarete comitisse de Bucquhan quondam sponse mee et Alisie de Lyndesay prioris sponse mee", by charter dated to [1310], witnessed by “domino Duncano Lindsay fratre meo...”[1270]. m firstly ALICE, daughter of ---. A charter dated 3 Sep 1296 records petitions to King Edward I by women whose estates had been seized in Scotland, including by "Alicia uxor Willelmi de Lindesay, qui est in curia Romana…per tres annos" who requested restoration of "terras dicti viri sui quæ sunt de hereditate ipsius Aliciæ"[1271]. "Willelmus de Lindesay" donated property to Deer, for the souls and anniversaries of "Margarete comitisse de Bucquhan quondam sponse mee et Alisie de Lyndesay prioris sponse mee", by charter dated to [1310], witnessed by “domino Duncano Lindsay fratre meo...”[1272]. m secondly [as her second husband,] MARGARET [Comyn, widow of JOHN Ross, daughter of ALEXANDER Comyn & his wife Joanna] (-before [1310]). "Willelmus de Lindesay" donated property to Deer, for the souls and anniversaries of "Margarete comitisse de Bucquhan quondam sponse mee et Alisie de Lyndesay prioris sponse mee", by charter dated to [1310], witnessed by “domino Duncano Lindsay fratre meo...”[1273]. The Complete Peerage suggests this identity of William’s second wife[1274]. It is not an ideal fit. John Comyn Earl of Buchan, uncle of Margaret daughter of Alexander Comyn, died in 1308. His heir appears to have been Alice, older sister of Margaret. It is therefore unclear how Margaret could legitimately have claimed to be countess of Buchan after he died. In any case, the date of death of William Lindsay’s second wife is not known, so it cannot be stated definitely that she survived Earl John. In addition, no indication has been found of the date of death of Margaret’s first husband which could show whether the suggestion is possible. Two other possibilities present themselves. Firstly, Margaret, wife of William Lindsay, could have been an otherwise unrecorded second wife of Alexander Comyn Earl of Buchan, the father of Earl John, who died in 1290. In that case, there would have been no doubt about her right to bear the title “countess of Buchan”. Secondly, she could have been Marjory, oldest sister of Earl John, who may have asserted a claim to the earldom of Buchan after the death of her brother as the oldest surviving heir of his generation. Marjory’s known husband, Patrick Earl of Dunbar, died in 1308 so a second marriage before the [1310] charter is possible, although no indication has been found of her own date of death so it is not known whether she survived Earl Patrick.

iii) DUNCAN Lindsay (-after [1310]). "Willelmus de Lindesay" donated property to Deer, for the souls and anniversaries of "Margarete comitisse de Bucquhan quondam sponse mee et Alisie de Lyndesay prioris sponse mee", by charter dated to [1310], witnessed by “domino Duncano Lindsay fratre meo...”[1275].

b) JOHN Lindsay . Chamberlain of Scotland. m DIONISIA, daughter of ALEXANDER Bene & his wife ---. John & his wife had two children:

i) SIMON Lindsay .

ii) PHILIP de Lindsay . The Ragman Roll names "…Phelippe de Lindeseye…Alisaundre de Lindeseye, knights" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[1276].

1. SIMON de Lindsay . "Symon de Lyndesie" donated "terram meam de Hungerigge…in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Helene filie mee", by undated charter, which provides the succession in the property of "Eschyna filia mea soror eius" in case of the death without heirs of Helena[1277]. m as her first husband, ISABEL Croc, daughter of ROBERT Croc & his wife ---. "Isabel sposa Roberti de Polloc" donated property "maritagium meum…in territorio de Molle" on her marriage to "Simoni de Lindesey", with the consent of "eiusdem R. viri...[et] patris mei Roberti Croc", by undated charter[1278]. She married secondly Robert de Pollock. Simon & his wife had two children:

a) HELENA de Lindsay . "Symon de Lyndesie" donated "terram meam de Hungerigge…in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Helene filie mee", by undated charter, which provides the succession in the property of "Eschyna filia mea soror eius" in case of the death without heirs of Helena[1279]. "Symon Mauleuerer et Gilibertus Avenel" confirmed the donation of "terram de Hungerigge in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey made by "Helene filie Symonis de Lindesie", confirmed by "Willi Auenel patris mei", by undated charter[1280].

b) ESCHINA de Lindsay . "Symon de Lyndesie" donated "terram meam de Hungerigge…in territorio de Molle" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Helene filie mee", by undated charter, which provides the succession in the property of "Eschyna filia mea soror eius" in case of the death without heirs of Helena[1281].

2. HUGH de Lindsay . m ---. The name of Hugh’s wife is not known. Hugh & his wife had one child:

a) PATRICK de Lindsay . "Malcolmus comes de Levenax" granted "totum officium…tosheagor de Levenax" to "Patricio de Lindsay filio domini Hugonis de Lindsay consanguineo nostro" by undated charter[1282]. The relationship between the two parties has not yet been traced. m ---. The name of Patrick’s wife is not known. Patrick & his wife had one child:

i) PATRICK de Lindsay . "Dovenaldus comes de Levenax" confirmed "totam terram de Buchnwl" to "Patricio de Lindsay filio domini Patricii de Lindsay militis" by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Malcolmo Flemyng comite de Wygtone…"[1283].

DAVID Lindsay, son of ALEXANDER Lindsay & his wife --- (-before 13 Oct 1357). "David de Lyndd dñs de Crauford filius et heres quondam dñi Alex de Lyndd" confirmed the donation "in territorio de Crauford" to Newbattle priory made by "Gerardi de Lyndd", to Newbattle priory by charter dated 1327[1284].

m (Papal dispensation 28 Nov 1324) as her second husband, MARIA Abernethy, widow of ANDREW de Leschelyn (Leslie), daughter of ALEXANDER de Abernethy & his wife ---.

David & his wife had children (see Balfour Paul for other children[1285]):

1. JAMES Lindsay (-1358 before 11 Nov). Lord of Crawford and Kirkmichael. m (Papal dispensation 11 Apr 1346, 21 Apr 1346) as her first wife, EGIDIA Stewart, daughter of WALTER Stewart & his second wife [Isabel de Graham] (-1396). The Papal dispensation for the marriage of "Jacobo nobili viro Jacobo de Lundesay" and "Egidie Steward", issued by Pope Clement VI, is dated 11 Apr 1346[1286]. She married secondly (1365 or before) Hugh Eglinton of Ardrossan. Burnett records payments to her “as widow of Sir James Lindsay...received from 1365 to 1375 by Sir Hugh Eglinton...paid to her [direct] Mar 1378 (O.S.)...without any indication of her remarriage”, noting that in “1379-80, 1380-1, 1381-2 and 1382-3 her son Sir James Lindsay appears as recipient of the whole annuity” and that she received payments direct again between 1383 and 1396 (full source citations)[1287]. She married thirdly (contract Oct 1378) as his second wife, James Douglas of Dalkeith and Arbroath. The marriage contract between "Egidia de Lyndesay" and "dñm Jacobum de Douglas dñm de Dalketh" is dated Oct 1378, witnessed by "dñis Willelmo de Douglas et Henrico fratribus predicti dñi Jacobi militibus Thoma de Douglas Nicholao de Douglas…"[1288]. The testament of "Jacobus de Douglas dominus de Dalkeith", dated 30 Sep 1390, bequeathed property to "…Egidie uxori mee…"[1289]. Burnett records that accounts in May 1397 indicate that “both mother and son had died within the previous year” (full source citations)[1290]. James & his wife had children (see Balfour Paul for other children[1291]):

a) JAMES Lindsay (-1397). Burnett records payments to his mother “as widow of Sir James Lindsay”, noting that in “1379-80, 1380-1, 1381-2 and 1382-3 her son Sir James Lindsay appears as recipient of the whole annuity” (full source citations)[1292]. Burnett records that accounts in May 1397 indicate that “both mother and son had died within the previous year” (full source citations)[1293]. m MARGARET Keith, daughter of WILLIAM Keith Marshal of Scotland & his wife Margaret Fraser (-after 1397). James & his wife had two children:

i) MARGARET Lindsay . m THOMAS Colville, son of ROBERT Colville of Oxenham & his wife --- (-1411).

ii) EUFEMIA Lindsay . m JOHN Herries of Terregles, son of ---.

2. ALEXANDER Lindsay of Glenesk, co. Angus (-[1382/83]). Lord of Glenesk. m firstly ([1358]) KATHERINE Stirling, daughter of JOHN Stirling of Glenesk & his wife --- (-before 1378). m secondly as her first husband, MARJORY Stewart, daughter of JOHN Stewart of Ralston & his wife --- (-1439). Balfour Paul records her parentage and two marriages, noting that she had at least one son by her second marriage (no sources cited)[1294]. Her parentage, name, and first marriage are confirmed by the following document: King Robert II granted property to “Sir David Lindsay [afterwards Earl of Crawford]”, with remainder to “his brother-german Alexander, whom failing, Willelmo Lindesay fratri eciam dicti David...nepte nostra Marjoria de Lindesay suscepto” [undated by Burnett][1295]. She married secondly (before 19 Oct 1384) Henry Douglas of Lugton. Her parentage and second marriage are confirmed by a 20 Mar 1416 indenture between “Robert Duke of Albany, [her brother] Sir Walter Stewart of Ralstoun, and [her son] William Douglas of Lugton “nevoy” of the last” by which Sir Walter “designed his ‘eme’, binds himself to resign Ralstoun and certain other lands to Douglas and his heirs”[1296]. Burnett dates her second marriage to “before 1387” and names her second husband “Sir Henry Douglas of Lugton and Lochleven (fourth son of Sir John Douglas, younger brother of the “Knight of Liddesdale”), who died 1391”[1297]. Accounts dated 1395, 1396, 1398, and 1400 record payments to “domine Marjorie de Lyndesay, sponse quondam domini Henrici de Douglas militis...testante domino Patricio Graham recipiente ex parte dicte domine Marjorie”[1298]. Burnett records that “a small annual payment from the fermes of Crailo...her third of an annuity...belonging to her first husband...assigned by her to the Minorite Friars of Dundee, enables us to fix the year of her death as 1439” (sources cited)[1299]. Alexander & his first wife had children:

a) DAVID Lindsay ([1465/66]-Castle Finhaven, co. Angus Feb 1407, bur Dundee, Grey Friars Church). King Robert II granted property to “Sir David Lindsay”, with remainder to “his brother-german Alexander, whom failing, Willelmo Lindesay fratri eciam dicti David...nepte nostra Marjoria de Lindesay suscepto” [undated by Burnett][1300]. He succeeded his first cousin in 1397 as Baron of Crawford. He was created Earl of Crawford [21 Apr/2 May] 1398 at Perth. m (Papal dispensation 22 Feb 1375[1301]) ELIZABETH Stewart, daughter of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his second wife Eupheme of Ross. Balfour Paul records the parentage “Jean (Katherine or Elizabeth)” and her marriage “about 1380”, noting that “Dr Burnett mentions in his Preface to the Exchequer Rolls...a Lady Catherine Logan, wife of Sir Robert Logan of Restalrig, whom he presumes to have been a daughter of Robert II, on the authority of a charter quoted by Duncan Stewart, granted by Robert III, ‘dilecto fratri suo Robert Logane, militi’, dated 5 Nov 1394”[1302]. Burnett cites a charter dated 1384 in which her husband is named “the King’s son”[1303]. The Chronicle of Andrew of Wyntoun records that “Robert de Ketht, a mychty man” besieged “in Fermaretine at Fivy...his awnt...that tym the Lord of Craufurdis wyf” in 1395 and that “Shyr James [error for David?] de Lyndesay than hir Lord movit agane hym in discord...”[1304].

- EARLS of CRAWFORD[1305].

b) ALEXANDER Lindsay (-[Jun 1397/May 1398]). King Robert II granted property to “Sir David Lindsay”, with remainder to “his brother-german Alexander, whom failing, Willelmo Lindesay fratri eciam dicti David...nepte nostra Marjoria de Lindesay suscepto” [undated by Burnett][1306].

c) --- Lindsay . m (before [1378]) DAVID Stewart Earl Palatine of Strathearn, son of ROBERT II King of Scotland & his second wife Eupheme of Ross ([1356/60]-before 15 Mar 1390).

Alexander & his second wife had children:

d) WILLIAM Lindsay of Rossie (-[1435/38]). King Robert II granted property to “Sir David Lindsay”, with remainder to “his brother-german Alexander, whom failing, Willelmo Lindesay fratri eciam dicti David...nepte nostra Marjoria de Lindesay suscepto” [undated by Burnett][1307]. m MATILDA Stewart, daughter of --- (-[1485]).

e) WALTER Lindsay (-killed in battle Verneuil 17 Aug 1424).

f) EUPHEMIA Lindsay .

MORTIMER

The relationship, if any, between this Mortimer family and the Mortimer family of the Earls of March, which is set out in the document ENGLISH EARLS 1207-1466, has not yet been established.

1. WILLIAM de Mortimer . "...William de Mortemer..." witnessed the charter dated to [1166] under which William King of Scotland confirmed the grant of property to “Robert de Brus”[1308]. "…Willelmo de Mortemer…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland donated property "de Pednewem et de Amestroder" to the priory of the Isle of May[1309]. "…Gillebto comite de Stradtherin, Malcolmo comite de Athewethle, Nesio filio Willi, Willo de Morthemer, Hugone Giffar, Willo de Haia, Willo Mathle, Adam filio Iuette" witnessed the undated charter, dated to after [1170], under which William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Sconin" to St Andrew’s priory[1310]. William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "medietatem de Hadgillin in Dunde" to St Andrew’s priory by "Hugo Giffard" by undated charter, witnessed by "…Nesio filio Willi, Willo de Mortimer, Willo de Haia…"[1311].

2. WALTER de Mortimer (-after 1200). Deacon of Glasgow. "…Dñs Willelmus…Glasguensis episcopus, magister Walterus de Mortuo Mari…decanus ecclesie Glasguensis…Johe nepote dni W. Glasg epi…" witnessed the charter dated to [1200/02] under which "Cecilia de Molle filia Eschine de Molle…in mea viduitate" donated "toftum et croftum que fuerunt Willi de Mollehope…[et] in dominio meo de Molle"[1312].

3. ROGER de Mortimer . "Rogero de Mortuomari" confirmed the donation of "Foweles" to the church of St Andrew’s made by "Willelmi Masculi, quam Arkebaldus de Forgrund tenuit cum filia ipsius Willelmi Masculi", and property granted by "Rex Malcolmus" to "Willelmo Masculo", confirmed by "Willelmus…Rex Scottorum", by undated charter witnessed by "Comite Duncano, Comite Gilberto…Malcolmo filio comitis Dunecani…"[1313]. William King of Scotland confirmed to "terram…Fuhles" to "Rogero de Morte mari", given to him by "Willelmi Maculi cum Cristina que fuit filia eiusdem Willelmi", by undated charter[1314]. m CHRISTINE, daughter of WILLIAM Maule & his wife ---. William King of Scotland confirmed to "terram…Fuhles" to "Rogero de Morte mari", given to him by "Willelmi Maculi cum Cristina que fuit filia eiusdem Willelmi", by undated charter[1315]. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) HUGH de Mortimer . "Hugo de Mortuo mari" confirmed the donation of "capellam de Foules" to the church of St Andrew’s made by "Willelmo Masculo avo meo", for the soul of "uxoris mee", by undated charter[1316].

4. WILLIAM de Mortimer (-after Aug 1261). "Radulfus Maylle" granted "terram…in territorio de Foulys…Drengysland" to "Willelmo de Mortuo mari" by charter dated Aug 1261[1317].

5. HUGH de Mortimer . Prior of the Isle of May. "…Hugone de Mortuo Mari priore de Maii…" witnessed the charter dated 29 May (no year) under which William King of Scotland confirmed rights of Scone Abbey[1318].

6. BARTHOLOMEW de Mortimer . "Jordano de Humetis, Ricardo de Humetis, Baudewino Wac…Bartholomeo de Mortuo mari..:Willelmo de Sae, Henrico de Humetis fratre suo…" witnessed the charter dated to the late 12th century under which "Lucia de Humetis" donated revenue from land at Bradecroft, near Stamford to Southwick priory, Lincolnshire[1319]. "…Bartholomeo de Mortemer…Constantino de Mortemer…" subscribed the undated charter (dated to the early 13th century) under which "comes David frater regis Scocie" donated land "in villa de Neutile" to Lindores Abbey[1320]. "…Barthol de Mortemer…Const de Mortem…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scotorum" donated "elemosinam totum Kanum et Kuneueth" to St Andrew’s priory[1321].

7. CONSTANTINE de Mortimer . "…Bartholomeo de Mortemer…Constantino de Mortemer…" subscribed the undated charter (dated to the early 13th century) under which "comes David frater regis Scocie" donated land "in villa de Neutile" to Lindores Abbey[1322]. "…Barthol de Mortemer…Const de Mortem…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Comes David frater regis Scotorum" donated "elemosinam totum Kanum et Kuneueth" to St Andrew’s priory[1323].

8. ROGER de Mortimer (-after 1214). William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Eglesgirg" to St Andrew’s priory by undated charter, witnessed by "…Rogero de Mortimer"[1324]. In the cartulary of St Andrew’s, this is the first charter in a series of King William’s confirmations which is not signed by William de Mortimer, suggesting that Roger was William’s successor. Sheriff of Perth. "…Rogero de Mortemer vicecomite de Pert…" witnessed the undated charter under which William King of Scotland confirmed the rights of "Willelmo Galeatori…in burgo meo de Pert"[1325]. "…Rogero de Mortimer…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Jul (no year) under which William King of Scotland donated "totam terram de Strathylaf" to Kinloss[1326]. "…Rogero de Mortuo Mari…" witnessed the undated charter under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the rights of Scone Abbey[1327].

9. --- de Mortimer . m --- Masculo, daughter of WILLIAM de Masculo & his wife ---. Her parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Hugo de Mortuo Mari" confirmed the donation of "capellam de Foules" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Willo Masculo auo meo"[1328]. One child:

a) HUGH de Mortimer . "Hugo de Mortuo Mari" confirmed the donation of "capellam de Foules" made to St Andrew’s priory by "Willo Masculo auo meo" by undated charter[1329].

10. WALTER de Mortimer (-20 Dec 1243). "…Waltero de Mortuo mari…" witnessed the charter dated 20 Dec 1243 which confirmed various properties of Holyrood abbey[1330].

RUTHVEN

The earls of Gowrie were descended from the following family. However, after the late 14th century there are breaks in the descent which cannot be confirmed by primary sources[1331].

1. SWEIN . m ---. The name of Swein’s wife is not known. Swein & his wife had one child:

a) THOR (-[1145/60]). "…Thor fil Suein…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to before [1142], under which David I King of Scotland confirmed "ecclesiam de Lohworuara" to the church of Glasgow[1332]. "Thor filius Swani" donated "ecclesia de Treuernent" to Holyrood abbey by undated charter witnessed by "…Neis fili Chilu, Ædmund filio Forn, Bernardo filio Tocce…"[1333]. m ---. Thorer & his wife had one child:

i) SWEIN (-after 1190). "W. de Lindeseia" donated "Fauope iuxta Led" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "…Swano filio Th--- Arosine de Lindeseia……"[1334]. This charter is included in the cartulary with charters dated to the reign of King Malcolm IV, although there appears to be little information in the document which helps its dating. "…Swano fil Thor…" witnessed the undated charter under which Malcolm IV King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam…in Kilrimund cum terra Kindargog" to St Andrew’s priory[1335]. "Swanus filiis Thori" donated "Ahednepobbel" to Scone Abbey, for the soul of "comitis Henrici", by undated charter, confirmed by William King of Scotland under another charter[1336]. m ---. The name of Swein’s wife is not known. Swein & his wife had four children:

(a) ARKEM . William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "decima frumenti mei de Forgrundi" made to Scone Abbey by "Arkemb et Hugoni filiis Swani de Forgrunde" by undated charter[1337].

(b) HUGH . William King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "decima frumenti mei de Forgrundi" made to Scone Abbey by "Arkemb et Hugoni filiis Swani de Forgrunde" by undated charter[1338].

(c) ALAN . His parentage is confirmed by an undated charter under which "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which was witnessed by "…Henr fil Alani fil Swani…"[1339].

- see below.

(d) WALTER (-after 5 May 1240). "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed, with the consent of "domini Walteri filii mei", an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which confirmed the donation of "Tubermure" made to Scone abbey by "Swan filius Thory auus meus", witnessed by "Gilbto comite de Stathern dño Robto filio ei, Rogero de Mortimer, Galfrido de Inutunglas vic de Pth, Dunecano fil Moregrund, Reginaldo de Warenn, Walto filio Swani, Henr fil Alani fil Swani…"[1340]. "Johannes clericus filius Mathei Lorimarii de Perth" confirmed the settlement of a dispute with Scone abbey by charter dated 5 May 1240, sealed by "domini Willelmi de Muntfichet vicecomitis de Perth, domini Walteri de Rothven, domini Willelmi de Blar et domini Willelmi Olifarth"[1341].

ALAN, son of SWEIN & his wife --- . His parentage is confirmed by an undated charter under which "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which was witnessed by "…Henr fil Alani fil Swani…"[1342].

m CECILIA Maule, daughter of WILLIAM Maule of Foulis & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1262 under which her grandson "Gilbertus dominus de Rothven in Strathern, miles, filius Walteri de Rothven" relinquished land in favour of "Willelmo de Mortuo Mari cognato meo", naming "Cecilie avie mee, filie domini Willielmi de Maule"[1343].

Alan & his wife had two children:

1. WALTER of Ruthven (-after 1245). Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed the donation of land "in Tibermur" made by "Walterus filius Alani", in confirmation of a donation by "Suanus filius Thori avus eiusdem Walteri", by undated charter[1344]. m CECILIA of Strathearn, daughter of GILBERT Earl of Strathearn & his wife . "Robertus comes de Strathern" confirmed "terra de Kulgasc" to "Waltero filio Alani et Cecilie sorori mee", granted to them by "Dñs comes Gilbtus de Strathern pater meus", by undated charter[1345]. Ancestors of the Earls of Gowrie. Walter & his wife had two children:

a) GILBERT of Ruthven (-[1266/79]). "Gilbertus dominus de Rothven in Strathern, miles, filius Walteri de Rothven" relinquished land in favour of "Willelmo de Mortuo Mari cognato meo", naming "Cecilie avie mee, filie domini Willielmi de Maule", by charter dated 31 Mar 1262[1346].

b) WILLIAM of Ruthven (-after [1298]). "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed, with the consent of "domini Walteri filii mei", an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which confirmed the donation of "Tubermure" made to Scone abbey by "Swan filius Thory auus meus", witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo…"[1347]. m . William & his wife had two children:

i) WALTER of Ruthven (-before 1330). "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed, with the consent of "domini Walteri filii mei", an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which confirmed the donation of "Tubermure" made to Scone abbey by "Swan filius Thory auus meus"[1348]. "…Waltero de Rothewen militibus…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Malisius comes de Strathern" granted revenue from Moneyth to "domino Johannis de Moravia de Drocyrgard"[1349]. "…Waltero de Rothvenn…militibus…" witnessed the undated charter under which "Malisius comes de Strathern" granted property to "Johannis de Moravia de Drocyrgard"[1350].

ii) GILBERT of Ruthven (-after [1298]). "Willelmus de Rotheuen" confirmed, with the consent of "domini Walteri filii mei", an earlier charter of "Walterus filius Alani bone memorie patris mei", which confirmed the donation of "Tubermure" made to Scone abbey by "Swan filius Thory auus meus", witnessed by "Gilberto filio meo…"[1351].

2. HENRY of Ruthven . "Walterus filius Alani" confirmed the donation of "Tubermure" made to Scone abbey by "Swan filius Thory auus meus" by undated charter, dated to before 1221, witnessed by "Gilbto comite de Stathern dño Robto filio ei, Rogero de Mortimer, Galfrido de Inutunglas vic de Pth, Dunecano fil Moregrund, Reginaldo de Warenn, Walto filio Swani, Henr fil Alani fil Wani…"[1352].

1. WILLIAM of Ruthven (-before 16 Apr 1346). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Balfour Paul does not specify his parentage[1353]. He could have been the son either of Walter de Ruthven or of his brother Gilbert (see above). "William of Ruthven" paid a fine for the relief of Newton in Edinburgh in 1330[1354]. According to Balfour Paul, he died "before Easter 1346", but he does not cite the corresponding primary source[1355]. m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had [two] children:

a) [WILLIAM of Ruthven (-before 25 Jun 1376). According to Balfour Paul, "it is supposed that" William was the son of William de Ruthven but he cites no primary source[1356]. Balfour Paul says that he died "before 25 Jun 1376"[1357]. m JOANNA, daughter of --- (-after 1363). Balfour Paul records a payment to "Joanna his wife" in 1363[1358].]

b) MARGARET of Ruthven . The marriage contract of "Alex de Setoune filii quondam domini Johanis de Setoune militis" and "Margareta filia quondam domini Willelmi de Rothven militis" is dated 16 Apr 1346[1359]. m (contract 16 Apr 1346) ALEXANDER de Seton, son of JOHN de Seton & his wife ---.

SETON

A. SETON FAMILY in SCOTLAND

1. PHILIP Seton . m as her first husband, MATILDA, daughter of --- Corbet & his wife ---. "Matildis Corb" renounced the claim by "Dño meo Patricio de Ridale" to "partem terre mee de Lillesclive" by undated charter witnessed by "…Alex de Setun filium meum…"[1360]. She married secondly Patrick de Ridale. Seir & his wife had two children:

a) ALEXANDER Seton (-after 1246). "Matildis Corb" renounced the claim by "Dño meo Patricio de Ridale" to "partem terre mee de Lillesclive" by undated charter witnessed by "…Alex de Setun filium meum…"[1361]. "…Alexandro de Seton…" subscribed the charter dated 12 Feb 1236 under which Alexander II King of Scotland confirmed donations to Kinloss[1362]. m ---.

b) EMMA Seton . "Alex de Seton" granted "terram meam de Beeth" to "Ad de Polliswrth cum Emma sorore mea in maritagium" by undated charter[1363]. m ADAM de Polesworth, son of ---.

2. SAHER Seton (-after [1260]). He is named in the charter of his son "Alexander de Setun miles filius dñi Seyri de Setun" (see below)[1364]. His name suggests descent from the Quincy family, later earls of Winchester (see the document ENGLISH EARLS 1207-1466). m ---. Saher & his wife had one child:

a) ALEXANDER Seton (-after [1270]). "Willelmus de Lewyngston" confirmed the donation of "molendini sui de Salehton" made by "dominus Fergusys Cumyn miles quondam dominus de Gorgyn predecessor mei", reciting the charter of the latter (dated to [1260]) which was witnessed by "Serlone de Setona et Alex filio suo", by charter dated Mar 1328 witnessed by "Dominis Alex de Seton…militibus…"[1365]. "Alexander de Setun miles filius dñi Seyri de Setun" donated land "in territorio de Ruchelau…Eddemundistun" to Melrose abbey by undated charter, dated to [1270][1366].

3. ALEXANDER Seton (-after 12 Aug 1348). "Willelmus de Lewyngston" confirmed the donation of "molendini sui de Salehton" made by "dominus Fergusys Cumyn miles quondam dominus de Gorgyn predecessor mei", reciting the charter of the latter (dated to [1260]) which was witnessed by "Serlone de Setona et Alex filio suo", by charter dated Mar 1328 witnessed by "Dominis Alex de Seton…militibus…"[1367]. This document suggests that Alexander Seton was closely related to Alexander Seton, son of Saher de Seton (see above).

B. SETON FAMILY in YORKSHIRE

1. JOHN Seton (-before 1299). The Victoria County History gives details of this Seton family, apparently unrelated to the Seton family in Scotland, which held Seaton in Hinderwell parish, Yorkshire as under-tenants[1368]. m ---. The name of John’s wife is not known. John & his wife had three children:

a) CHRISTOPHER Seton (-hanged [Oct] 1306). "Cristofor son and heir of John de Seton" did homage for his father’s lands 4 Oct 1299[1369]. A document dated 3 Mar 1304 (N.S.) confirmed that "Christopher de Setone" was in the king’s service and "will remain with him throughout the war"[1370]. Christopher evidently switched his allegiance to the Scots after this date, as he was captured by the English in the castle of Kildrummy [May/Oct] 1306, and hanged and drawn for treason. The Chronicle of Lanercost records that "Christoforus de Setone, Anglicus, qui duxerat sororem…Roberti, et Johannes [et] Humphridus germani dicti Christofori" were captured and hanged[1371]. m ([Mar 1304/1306]) as her second husband, CHRISTIAN Bruce, widow of GRATNEY Earl of Mar, daughter of ROBERT Bruce Earl of Carrick & his first wife Margaret Ctss of Carrick (-[1356/27 Jan 1357], bur Dunfermline). The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records that the eldest daughter of "Robert Earl of Carrick" married "Gartnay Earl of Mar"[1372]. Heiress of the Lordship of Garioch. The Chronicle of Lanercost records that "Christoforus de Setone, Anglicus…duxerat sororem…Roberti"[1373]. The source does not name Christopher’s wife, but the Papal dispensation for Christian’s third marriage names her "Cristiane de Setono nate quondam Robert de Bruys" (see below). It is assumed that the marriage took place after 3 Mar 1304, when Christopher Seton is recorded as supporting the English (see above). She married thirdly (Papal dispensation 20 Sep 1326, Cambuskenneth 1326) Andrew Moray of Bothwell. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the marriage of "Andreas de Moravia" and "dominam Christianam sororem…regis" at Cambuskenneth in 1326[1374]. The Papal dispensation for the marriage of "Andree de Moravia domino de Bothvile" and "Cristiane de Setono nate quondam Robert de Bruys", issued by Pope John XXII, is dated 20 Sep 1326[1375]. The same source records the death in 1357 of "the Lady Christiana of Bruce, King Robert’s sister" and her burial "at Dunfermline with her parents"[1376]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1356 of "domina Christiana de Broys, uxor quondam…domini Andreæ de Moravia, custodies Scociæ" and the burial of both of them "in capella Nostræ Dominæ de Dunfermlyn"[1377]. She married thirdly (dispensation 20 Sep 1325, Cambuskenneth 1326) Andrew Moray of Bothwell.

b) JOHN Seton (-hanged [Oct] 1306). The Chronicle of Lanercost records that "Christoforus de Setone, Anglicus, qui duxerat sororem…Roberti, et Johannes [et] Humphridus germani dicti Christofori" were captured and hanged[1378].

c) HUMPHREY Seton (-hanged [Oct] 1306). The Chronicle of Lanercost records that "Christoforus de Setone, Anglicus, qui duxerat sororem…Roberti, et Johannes [et] Humphridus germani dicti Christofori" were captured and hanged[1379].

SOULIS

[Three] siblings, parents not identified:

1. RANULPH [I] de Soulis (-after [1165/70]). "Henrico comite filio meo…Rondulfo de Sules…" witnessed the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland donated "Mortlmweit" {Morthwait} to Newbattle abbey[1380]. "Willielmi de Haya" donated "terrarum de Ederpolls" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Malcolmi et Domini mei regis Willelmi et…Domini Ranulphi de Sules avunculi mei", by undated charter[1381]. "Ranulphus de Sules pincerna Regis Scott" donated "unam carucatam terre in Gillemuriston" to Newbattle abbey by undated charter[1382], dated to [1165/70] by Balfour Paul[1383], confirmed by a charter of William King of Scotland[1384].

2. WILLIAM [I] de Soulis . m ---. The name of William’s wife is not known. William & his wife had two children:

a) RANULPH [II] de Soulis . "Ranulphus de Sules filius Willelmi de Sules" confirmed the donation of "illa carucata terre in Gillemuriston" made to Newbattle abbey by "patruus meus Ranulphus de Sules pincerna" by undated charter, witnessed by "Ricardo de Sules fratre meo…"[1385].

b) RICHARD de Soulis . "Ranulphus de Sules filius Willelmi de Sules" confirmed the donation of "illa carucata terre in Gillemuriston" made to Newbattle abbey by "patruus meus Ranulphus de Sules pincerna" by undated charter, witnessed by "Ricardo de Sules fratre meo…"[1386].

3. [sister . Her probable family origin is indicated by the undated charter under which "Willielmi de Haya" donated "terrarum de Ederpolls" to Cupar abbey, for the souls of "regis Malcolmi et Domini mei regis Willelmi et…Domini Ranulphi de Sules avunculi mei", by undated charter[1387]. m --- de Haye, son of ---.]

1. FULCO de Soulis . Fulco was closely related to the preceding family group, as shown by the common references to the donation of land at Gillemuriston to Newbattle abbey and by the fact that both Ranulph [I] de Soulis and Fulco de Soulis held the position pincerna in the royal court, but the exact relationship cannot be identified. "Fulco de Sules" confirmed the exchange of "illa carucata terre in Gillemuriston" made with Newbattle abbey by "Ranulphus de Sules filius Willelmi de Sules" for the land donated by "Ranulphus de Sules patruus ipsius" by undated charter[1388]. "…Fulcone de Sules pincerna Regis, Johannis de Graham, Henrico de Graham" witnessed the undated charter under which "Thomas de Lasialrich" donated "terram in Leth" to Newbattle abbey[1389]. m ---. The name of Fulco’s wife is not known. Fulco & his wife had one child:

a) NICHOLAS [I] de Soulis (-1264). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter, the dating clause of which states "in die anniversario obitus Fulconis patris mei", under which "Nicholas de Sules" donated "salina mea in Karso de Kalentyr" to Newbattle abbey[1390]. "…Nicholao de Sules" witnessed the charter dated 8 Oct 1235 under which Alexander II King of Scotland donated "terram nostram et forestum nostrum de Gledewys" {noted in the succeeding charter in the same cartulary as being adjacent to Morthwait, donated by an earlier charter witnessed by Ranulph de Soulis, see above} to Newbattle abbey[1391]. "Henr de Balliol cam, Johe de Vall, Nichol de Sulis" witnessed the charter dated 16 Feb 1246 under which Alexander II King of Scotland recorded a dispute regarding "terram de Dunroden quam tenet in Galuuath de dono Fergi" and Holyrood abbey[1392]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death "apud Rothomagum" in 1264 of "Nicholas de Soules, dominus Vallis de Lyddal" who was succeeded by "Willelmus filius eius"[1393]. m ---. The name of Nicholas’s wife is not known. Nicholas & his wife had [two] children:

i) WILLIAM [II] de Soulis (-after 8 Apr 1280). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Willelmus de Soulis, filius et heres Nicholai de Soulis" was knighted "die sancti Michaelis apud Hadington", dated to [1270/71] from the context[1394].

- see below.

WILLIAM [II] de Soulis, son of NICHOLAS [I] de Soulis & his wife --- (-after 8 Apr 1280). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Willelmus de Soulis, filius et heres Nicholai de Soulis" was knighted "die sancti Michaelis apud Hadington", dated to [1270/71] from the context[1395]. "Willelmo de Soulys…Nicholao de Haya…" witnessed the charter dated 8 Apr 1280 under which Alexander III King of Scotland confirmed the donation of "terram de Inuerlyth" made to Newbattle abbey by "Nicholaus Pistor"[1396].

same person as…? --- de Soulis . As noted below, the proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 do not name the father of Nicholas [II] de Soulis. The chronology suggests that he was William de Soulis, son of Nicholas [I] de Soulis, but this cannot yet be confirmed.

m ERMENGARDE Durward, daughter of ALAN Durward & his wife Marjory [of Scotland]. The Chronicle of Melrose[1397] reports that her father plotted in 1251 to have his illegitimate daughter "by the sister of the king" legitimated and declared heir to the throne, the plot being revealed by Henry III King of England. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Nicolai de Soules" name "Ermegarde" as the daughter of "Margarete…uxori Alani le Husser" but do not name her husband[1398].

--- & his wife had one child:

1. NICHOLAS [II] de Soulis (-after 1296). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Nicolai de Soules" name him as son of "Ermegarde", daughter of "Margarete…uxori Alani le Husser"[1399]. Claimant to the throne of Scotland in 1291, 6^th in order on the Great Roll of Scotland. The Ragman Roll names "Nicholas de Soules knight" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Elgyn in Moray 27 Jul 1296[1400]. m MARGARET Comyn, daughter of ALEXANDER Comyn Earl of Buchan & his wife Elizabeth de Quincy of Winchester. Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "Jhon and Alysandyre" had five sisters, the fifth of which married "Schyr Nychol de Sowlys" by whom she had "swnnys twa, Willame and Jhon"[1401]. Nicholas [II] & his wife had four children:

a) WILLIAM [III] de Soulis (-after Aug 1320). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "Jhon and Alysandyre" had five sisters, the fifth of which married "Schyr Nychol de Sowlys" by whom she had "swnnys twa, Willame and Jhon"[1402]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "dominus Willelmus de Sowlis et comitissa de Strathern" were convicted of high treason at a parliament in Scone in Aug 1320 and sentenced to life imprisonment[1403].

b) JOHN de Soulis (-after 1 Aug 1314). Andrew Wyntoun’s Cronykil records that "Jhon and Alysandyre" had five sisters, the fifth of which married "Schyr Nychol de Sowlys" by whom she had "swnnys twa, Willame and Jhon"[1404]. A charter dated 10 Oct 1296 confirmed a charter, undated by dated to [1290][1405], under which "Richard de Burgo Earl of Ulster, lord of Connaught" granted "his castle and burgh del Roo" to "James the Steward of Scotland and Egidia his wife (the earl’s sister in frank marriage" witnessed by "…Sir John de Soules…"[1406]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that John Balliol King of Scotland sent "Johannes de Soulis et Ingelramus Umfraville" to France in 1295 to negotiate the betrothal of his son Edward[1407]. The Chronicle of Lanercost records that "dominus Edwardus de Bruse, dominus Jacobus de Douglas, Johannes de Soules" invaded England "juxta Berwicum" 1 Aug 1314[1408].

c) THOMAS de Soulis . The Ragman Roll names "…Thomas de Soules…" among those who swore allegiance to Edward I King of England at Berwick-upon-Tweed 28 Aug 1296[1409].

d) daughter . Accounts of the viscount of Roxburgh dated 1335/36 record that "Johannis de Kethe" married "Willelmi de Soules…sororem"[1410]. m JOHN de Keith, son of ROBERT de Keith & his wife --- (-1324).

[1] Stevenson, J. (ed.) (1836) Scalacronica: by Sir Thomas Gray of Heton, Knight, a Chronicle of England and Scotland from 1166 to 1362 (Edinburgh) ("Scalacronica"), p. 41.

[2] Declaration of Arbroath 6 Apr 1320, University of St. Andrews, Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (“RPS”), at <https://www.rps.ac.uk/search.php?action=fetch_index_frame&fn=roberti_trans&id=324&query=arbroath+declaration&type=trans&variants=Arbroath|declared|Declaration&google=Arbroath|declared|Declaration> (4 Mar 2021).

[3] Bain, J. (1881) Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland preserved in the Public Record Office (Scottish Record Office) ("Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain)"), Vol. I, 43, 47, p. 7.

[4] Laing, H. (1850) Descriptive catalogue of the impressions from ancient Scottish seals (Edinburgh), 94, p. 23.

[5] Bannatyne Club (1837) Liber Sancte Marie de Melros: Munimenta Vetustiora Monasterii Cisterciensis de Melros (Edinburgh) ("Melrose Liber"), Tome I, 39, p. 30.

[6] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 39, p. 30.

[7] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 39, p. 30.

[8] Laing (1850), 94, p. 23.

[9] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[10] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 196, p. 175.

[11] Goodall, W. (ed.) (1759) Joannis de Fordun Scotichronicon cum Supplementis et Continuatione Walteri Boweri, Vols. I, II (Edinburgh) ("Joannis de Fordun (Goodall)"), Vol. II, Lib. IX, Cap. XXXIV, p. 43.

[12] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 196, p. 175.

[13] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 196, p. 175.

[14] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 196, p. 175.

[15] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 197, p. 177.

[16] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 62, p. 51.

[17] Laing (1850), 94, p. 23.

[18] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 204, p. 186.

[19] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[20] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 62, p. 51.

[21] Stevenson, J. (trans.) (1991) A Medieval Chronicle of Scotland: The Chronicle of Melrose (Llanerch Press reprint), 1183, p. 22.

[22] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[23] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 40, p. 33.

[24] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[25] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 135, p. 126.

[26] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 62, p. 51.

[27] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 204, p. 186.

[28] Balfour Paul, Sir J. (1909) The Scots Peerage (Edinburgh), Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 194.

[29] Stephenson, J. (ed.) (1870) Documents illustrative of the History of Scotland from the death of King Alexander the Third to the accession of Robert Bruce 1286-1306 (Edinburgh), Vol. I, CCLIII, p. 317.

[30] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[31] Maclean, J. (ed.) (1883) The Lives of the Berkeleys by John Smyth (Gloucester) ("Berkeleys Lives"), Vol. I, p. 75.

[32] Stuart, J. (ed.) (1868) Records of the Priory of the Isle of May (Edinburgh) ("Isle of May"), 14, p. 9.

[33] Isle of May, 16, p. 11.

[34] Stuart, J. (1872) Records of the Monastery of Kinloss (Edinburgh) ("Kinloss"), p. 124.

[35] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 98, p. 85.

[36] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 49, p. 40.

[37] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 49, p. 40.

[38] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 97, p. 84.

[39] Smythe, W. (1843) Liber Ecclesie de Scon, Munimenta Vetustiora Monasterii Sancte Trinitatis et Sancti Michaelis de Scon (Edinburgh) ("Scone"), 27, p. 21.

[40] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 90, p. 77.

[41] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 97, p. 84.

[42] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 98, p. 85.

[43] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 90, p. 77.

[44] Scone, 108, p. 72.

[45] Bannatyne Club (1849) Abbacie Cisterciensis beate virginis de Neubotle Chartarium Vetus (Edinburgh) ("Newbattle"), 16, p. 12.

[46] Abbotsford Club (1841) The Chartularies of Balmerino and Lindores, Liber Sancte Marie de Balmorinach (Edinburgh) ("Balmerino"), 45, p. 34.

[47] Balmerino, 45, p. 34.

[48] Bannatyne Club (1848) Liber S. Thome de Aberbrothoc (Edinburgh) ("Aberbrothoc"), 89, p. 60.

[49] Aberbrothoc, 89, p. 60.

[50] CP I 146.

[51] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. I, Angus, p. 166.

[52] Aberbrothoc, 263 and 264, pp. 199-200.

[53] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 209.

[54] Spalding Club (1856) The Brus writ be Master Johne Barbour (Aberdeen) ("The Brus"), p. 40.

[55] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 400.

[56] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Brechin, Lord of Brechin, p. 222.

[57] Robertson, W. (1799) Index drawn up about the year 1629 of many Records of Charters (Edinburgh), 79, p. 18, and 34, p. 26.

[58] Stuart, J. (1874) Registum de Panmure (Edinburgh) (“Panmure”), Vol. II, p. 220.

[59] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 221.

[60] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 219.

[61] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 220.

[62] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Brechin, Lord of Brechin, p. 223, citing Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scottorum (“R.M.S.”), folio vol. 64, No. 209 [not consulted].

[63] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 222.

[64] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 231.

[65] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Brechin, Lord of Brechin, p. 223, citing Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scottorum (“R.M.S.”), folio vol. 64, No. 209 [not consulted].

[66] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 230.

[67] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 224.

[68] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Brechin, Lord of Brechin, p. 223.

[69] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 230.

[70] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 231.

[71] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 222.

[72] Milne, R. (ed.) (1893) The Blackfriars of Perth: the Chartulary and Papers of their House (Edinburgh) ("Perth Blackfriars"), XXIII, p. 37.

[73] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[74] Batten, E. C. (1877) The Charters of the Priory of Beauly (London) ("Beauly"), p. 20.

[75] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 115, p. 107.

[76] Beauly, p. 19.

[77] Newbattle, 8, p. 6.

[78] Innes, C. N. (ed.) (1837) Registrum Episcopatus Moraviensis (Edinburgh) ("Moray Bishopric"), 71, p. 77.

[79] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1874) Matthæi Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majora (London) (“Matthew Paris”), Vol. IV, 1241, p. 200.

[80] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1100, p. 200.

[81] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1100, p. 200.

[82] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1100, p. 200.

[83] Isle of May, 20, p. 13.

[84] Bannatyne Club (1856) Registrum Episcopatus Brechinensis (Aberdeen) ("Brechin Bishopric"), Vol. I, 2, p. 3.

[85] Moray Bishopric, 110, p. 122.

[86] Innes, C. (ed.) (1846) Registrum cartarum abbacie Tironensis de Kelso 1113-1167 (Edinburgh) ("Kelso"), Tome I, 233, p. 191.

[87] Beauly, p. 36.

[88] Matthew Paris, Vol. IV, 1241, p. 200.

[89] Chronicle of Melrose, 1243, p. 68.

[90] Beauly, p. 46, citing Patent and Charter Rolls, 27 Hen. III, p. 739.

[91] Chronicle of Melrose, 1244, p. 69.

[92] Sweetman, H. S. (ed.) (1875) Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland preserved in the Public Record Office 1171-1251 (Vol. I) (London), 2755, p. 411.

[93] Maxwell Lyte, H. C. (ed.) (1903) Calendar of the Charter Rolls preserved in the Public Record Office, Vol. I, Henry III 1226-1257 (London) ("Charter Rolls Henry III 1226-1257"), p. 310.

[94] Calendar of Documents Ireland, Vol. I, 2925, p. 436.

[95] Bannatyne Club (1842) Liber Cartarum Abbatiæ Benedictine S. S. Trinitatis et B. Margarete Regine de Dunfermelyn (Edinburgh) ("Dunfermline"), 77, p. 44.

[96] Dunfermline, 160, p. 92.

[97] Beauly, p. 48, citing Maxwell Lyte, H. C. (ed.) (1904) Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III (London), 36 Hen. III.

[98] Skene, F. J. H. (ed.) (1877) Liber Pluscardensis, Historians of Scotland Vol. VII (Edinburgh), Vol. I, Liber VII, CX, p. 73.

[99] Chronicle of Melrose, 1233, p. 60.

[100] Calendar of Documents Ireland, Vol. I, 2755, p. 411.

[101] Beauly, p. 36.

[102] Beauly, I, p. 14.

[103] Isle of May, 20, p. 13.

[104] Beauly, II, p. 33.

[105] Brechin Bishopric, Vol. I, 2, p. 3.

[106] Moray Bishopric, 110, p. 122.

[107] Beauly, III, p. 38.

[108] Beauly, p. 48, citing Inquisitions 36 Hen. III.

[109] Calendar of Documents Ireland, Vol. I, 2755, p. 411.

[110] Beauly, p. 36.

[111] Beauly, I, p. 14.

[112] Beauly, II, p. 33.

[113] Moray Bishopric, 110, p. 122.

[114] Chronicle of Melrose, 1243, p. 68.

[115] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[116] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 129, p. 28.

[117] Moray Bishopric, 122, p. 133.

[118] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[119] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[120] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 129, p. 28.

[121] Beauly, VIII, p. 74.

[122] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[123] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 129, p. 28.

[124] Beauly, VII, p. 63.

[125] Rose, H. & Shaw, L. (1848) A Genealogical Deduction of the Family of Rose of Kilravock (Edinburgh), p. 28 [available for full download on Google Book].

[126] Rose & Shaw (1848), p. 29.

[127] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[128] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 203.

[129] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 129, p. 28.

[130] Moray Bishopric, 122, p. 133.

[131] Innes, C. (ed.) (1846) Registrum cartarum abbacie Tironensis de Kelso 1113-1167 (Edinburgh) ("Kelso"), Tome I, 240, p. 195.

[132] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, XCIV, p. 131.

[133] Kelso, Tome I, 240, p. 195.

[134] Newbattle, Appendix, VII, p. 291.

[135] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 199.

[136] Palgrave, Sir F. (1837) Documents and Records illustrating the History of Scotland (London), Vol. I, CI, p. 188.

[137] Newbattle, Appendix, VIII, p. 292.

[138] Newbattle, Appendix, X, p. 294.

[139] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 200.

[140] Scone, 127, p. 93.

[141] Balfour Paul, Sir J. (1904) The Scots Peerage, founded on Wood’s edition of Sir Robert Douglas’s Peerage of Scotland (Edinburgh), Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, pp. 319-93.

[142] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 366.

[143] MacPhail, J. R. N. (ed.) (1916) Highland Papers, Vol. II, Scottish History Society, Second Series, 12 (Edinburgh), p 70.

[144] MacPhail (1916), pp. 75-83.

[145] Sellar, W. D. H. ‘The Earliest Campbells - Norman, Briton or Gael’, Scottish Studies, Vol. 17, pp. 113-16, available at <https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5802c4d9414fb5e45ce4dc44/t/5998c534f43b55e2eecfab0f/1503184184438/Campbell%2C+Earliest-Norman%2CBriton%2CorGael.pdf> (4 Apr 2021).

[146] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 319, citing “Exchequer Rolls, i, 24” [not consulted].

[147] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 114-15, and MacPhail (1916), p. 83.

[148] Skene, W. F. and McBain, A. (ed.) (1902) The Highlanders of Scotland (Stirling), p. 357.

[149] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 319.

[150] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 114-16, and MacPhail (1916), p. 84.

[151] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 319.

[152] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 111, 116.

[153] Sellar ‘Campbells’, p. 111.

[154] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 319.

[155] Sellar ‘Campbells’, p. 116, citing Thomson, T. & Innes, C, The Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, Volume I (Edinburgh), p. 447 [not consulted].

[156] Sellar ‘Campbells’, p. 116.

[157] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 114-15, and MacPhail (1916), p. 83.

[158] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 200.

[159] Robertson (1799), 122, p. 14.

[160] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[161] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 204.

[162] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 114-16, and MacPhail (1916), p. 84.

[163] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 321.

[164] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, pp. 321-2.

[165] Thomson, J. M. (1912) The Register of the Great Seal of Scotland 1306-1424 (Edinburgh), Appendix 2, 353, 368, pp. 534-5.

[166] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 322, citing, respectively, “Exch. Rolls, I, 57 and Pref. lxxiii”, “Acta Parl. Scot., I. 153”, and “Robertson’s Index, 58” (not found in Robertson (1799)).

[167] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 204.

[168] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[169] Robertson (1799), 122, p. 14.

[170] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[171] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 202.

[172] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, Appendix, (III) Uncatalogued seals, Tray 4, 15, 385, p. 551.

[173] Riley, H. T. ed. (1865) Willelmi Rishanger...Chronica et Annales (London), p. 265.

[174] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 675, p. 158.

[175] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 205.

[176] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 199.

[177] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 961, p. 246.

[178] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[179] Sellar ‘Campbells’, pp. 114-16, and MacPhail (1916), p. 84.

[180] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 211.

[181] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1437, p. 377.

[182] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1588, p. 412.

[183] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[184] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[185] Declaration of Arbroath 6 Apr 1320, seal [9], at “RPS”.

[186] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 321, citing Original Charters (c. 1300) at Loudoun Castle.

[187] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 321.

[188] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1406, p. 362.

[189] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[190] Dennistoun, J. (ed.) (1833) Cartularium Comitatus de Levenax (Edinburgh) ("Lennox Cartularium"), pp. 20-1.

[191] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[192] Newbattle, 173, p. 138.

[193] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 320.

[194] MacPhail (1916), p. 85.

[195] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, pp. 320, 322.

[196] MacEwen, A. B. W. ‘The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d. 1309)’, Foundations, Vol. 3, no. 5 (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[197] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, Illustrations (after Introduction, p. ccxxiv), II, 3, p. v.

[198] Rotuli Scotiæ, Vol. I (1814), p. 32.

[199] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 322.

[200] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 847, p. 223.

[201] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 196.

[202] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1628, p. 434.

[203] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1717, p. 464.

[204] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 324.

[205] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[206] Robertson (1799), 4, p. 28.

[207] Fraser, W. (ed.) (1872) Registrum Monasterii S. Marie de Cambuskenneth (Edinburgh) ("Cambuskenneth"), 49, p. 67.

[208] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[209] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 204.

[210] Robertson (1799), 123, p. 14, and 10, 11, p. 15.

[211] Robertson (1799), 4, p. 28.

[212] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 321.

[213] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 321, and Vol. V, Macdonald Lord of the Isles, p. 34.

[214] Cambuskenneth, 49, p. 67.

[215] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[216] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I 1301-1307 (London, 1898), pp. 22, 206.

[217] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CXXVI, pp. 267, 274, .

[218] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I 1301-1307 (London, 1898), p. 443.

[219] MacPhail (1916), pp. 86-8.

[220] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, 101, p. 19.

[221] Robertson (1799), 11, p. 26.

[222] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 323.

[223] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I 1301-1307 (1898), p. 22.

[224] MacPhail (1916), p. 89.

[225] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1406, p. 362.

[226] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1851, p. 495.

[227] Robertson (1799), 11, p. 26.

[228] Fraser, A. (1879) The Frasers of Philorth (Edinburgh), Vol. II, Appendix of Charters, 3, p. 198.

[229] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, Part I (London, 1874), Appendix, Manuscripts of the Duke of Argyll, p. 473.

[230] Robertson (1799), 18, p. 26.

[231] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 325.

[232] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 325.

[233] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 325, citing "Argyll Charters".

[234] MacPhail (1916), p. 91.

[235] MacPhail (1916), p. 91.

[236] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 473.

[237] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 473.

[238] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 326.

[239] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 324.

[240] MacPhail (1916), p. 89.

[241] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[242] Robertson (1799), 4, p. 28.

[243] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 325, citing "Argyll Charters".

[244] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[245] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 324.

[246] MacPhail (1916), p. 89.

[247] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 477.

[248] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[249] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[250] Robertson (1799), 11, p. 26.

[251] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Earls of Atholl, pp. 434-5.

[252] CP XII/1 385.

[253] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Earls of Atholl, p. 435, citing “Thelner’s Monumenta Vetera, 275” [not consulted].

[254] CP XII/1 541-4.

[255] Lennox Cartularium, p. 77.

[256] Lennox Cartularium, p. 66.

[257] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[258] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[259] MacPhail (1916), p. 94.

[260] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 473.

[261] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Menteith, p. 132.

[262] Fraser, W. (1880) The Red Book of Menteith (Edinburgh), Vol. II, 26, p. 235.

[263] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 29, p. 239.

[264] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 327, citing "Inveraray MSS".

[265] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, pp. 326-.

[266] MacPhail (1916), p. 91.

[267] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[268] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 29, p. 239.

[269] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[270] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 473.

[271] Stuart, A. (1798) Genealogical History of the Stewarts (London), p. 102, noting “this charter is mentioned by Craufurd in his Officers of State, p. 42, [where] he refers to it as in the possession of the Duke of Argyle”.

[272] MacEwen ‘Wives of Sir James the Steward’ (Jan 2011), p. 396.

[273] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[274] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[275] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[276] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330.

[277] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[278] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[279] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 330, quoting Original Charter, No. 304, Gen. Reg. House.

[280] CP II 512, and Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, pp. 330-93.

[281] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 329, citing "Dunstaffnage MS and others".

[282] MacPhail (1916), p. 94.

[283] MacPhail (1916), p. 94.

[284] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[285] MacPhail (1916), p. 94.

[286] Fourth Report of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, p. 483.

[287] MacPhail (1916), p. 94.

[288] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 329.

[289] Lennox Cartularium, p. 65.

[290] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 327.

[291] MacPhail (1916), p. 91.

[292] MacPhail (1916), p. 91.

[293] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 327.

[294] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[295] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 43, p. 8.

[296] Bannatyne Club (1847) Liber S. Marie de Dryburgh: Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Premonstratensis de Dryburgh (Edinburgh) ("Dryburgh"), 225, p. 163.

[297] Innes, C. (ed.) (1843) Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis (Edinburgh) ("Glasgow Bishopric"), Tome I, 90, p. 78.

[298] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 118, p. 110.

[299] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 115, p. 107.

[300] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 192, p. 172.

[301] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 91, p. 79.

[302] Chronicle of Melrose, 1210, p. 34.

[303] Chronicle of Melrose, 1219, p. 54.

[304] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[305] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[306] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 194, p. 173.

[307] Newbattle, 189, p. 153.

[308] Newbattle, 99, p. 74.

[309] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 194, p. 173.

[310] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[311] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[312] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[313] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[314] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[315] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[316] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[317] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[318] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Lord Colville of Culross, pp. 538-68.

[319] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 400, p. 363.

[320] Le Prévost, A. (1845) Orderici Vitalis Historiæ Ecclesiasticæ (Paris) ("Orderic Vitalis (Prévost)"), Vol. II, Liber IV, V, p. 187.

[321] Surtees Society (1868) Symeonis Dunelmis Opera Collectanea, Vol. I (Durham), pp. 83-4.

[322] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Warwickshire, p. 108.

[323] Young, A. (1998) Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1212-1314 (Tuckwell Press), p. 15.

[324] Arnold, T. (ed.) (1885) Symeonis Monachi Opera Omnia (London), Vol. II, Symeonis Historia Regum Continuatio, 14, p. 312.

[325] Symeonis Historia Regum Continuatio, 17, p. 316.

[326] Young (1998), p. 15.

[327] Symeonis Historia Regum Continuatio, 17, p. 316.

[328] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hexham Priory, Northumberland, VI, p. 184.

[329] Hall, H. (ed.) (1896) The Red Book of the Exchequer (Liber rubeus de Scaccario) (London) ("Red Book Exchequer"), Part I, Knights fees, p. 18.

[330] Young (1998), p. x.

[331] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 31, 32, 33, 35, 38, 39, 40, p. 7.

[332] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 51, p. 8.

[333] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 69, p. 10.

[334] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 105, p. 14.

[335] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 105, p. 14.

[336] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 112, p. 15.

[337] Berger, E. (ed.) (1920) Recueil des actes de Henri II roi d’Angleterre et duc de Normandie (Paris) ("Actes Henri II"), Tome II, DXXIV, p. 87.

[338] Actes Henri II, Tome II, DCVI, p. 208.

[339] Actes Henri II, Tome II, DCVI, p. 208.

[340] Actes Henri II, Tome II, DCVI, p. 208.

[341] Actes Henri II, Tome II, DCVI, p. 208.

[342] Symeonis Historia Regum Continuatio, 17, p. 316.

[343] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hexham Priory, Northumberland, VI, p. 184.

[344] Kelso, Tome I, 274, p. 226.

[345] Bannatyne Club (1840) Liber Cartarum Sancte Crucis, Munimenta ecclesie Sancte Crucis de Edwinesburg (Edinburgh) ("Holyrood"), Cartæ ex Apographis, 5, p. 210.

[346] Young (1998), pp. 17-18.

[347] Scone, 19, p. 17.

[348] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[349] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, Introduction, p. xx.

[350] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hexham Priory, Northumberland, VI, p. 184.

[351] Innes, C. (ed.) (1846) Registrum cartarum abbacie Tironensis de Kelso 1113-1167 (Edinburgh) ("Kelso"), Tome I, 274, p. 226.

[352] Holyrood, Cartæ ex Apographis, 5, p. 210.

[353] Dugdale Monasticon V, Rievall Abbey, Yorkshire, XI, p. 284.

[354] Bannatyne Club (1841) Liber Cartarum Prioratus Sancti Andree in Scotia (Edinburgh) ("St Andrew’s Priory"), p. 245.

[355] Surtees Society (1841) Liber Vitæ Ecclesiæ Dunelmensis (London, Edinburgh, 1841) (“Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis”), pp. 62 and 100.

[356] Kelso, Tome I, 274, p. 226.

[357] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[358] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 62.

[359] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 112, p. 15.

[360] Dowden, J. (ed.) (1903) Chartulary of the Abbey of Lindores, Publications of the Scottish History Society Vol. XLII (Edinburgh) ("Lindores"), II, p. 2.

[361] Kinloss, p. 109.

[362] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 21, p. 16.

[363] Young (1998), pp. 19-21.

[364] Aberbrothoc, 89, p. 60.

[365] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 250.

[366] Aberbrothoc, 130, p. 92.

[367] Red Book Exchequer, Part II, p. 770.

[368] Red Book Exchequer, Part II, p. 770.

[369] Round ‘Giffard of Fonthill Giffard’ (Jul 1903), p. 140, quoting Close Roll, 4 Hen. III [1220], and pp. 141-2.

[370] Red Book Exchequer, Part II, p. 770.

[371] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber VII, CX, p. 73.

[372] Kinloss, p. 114.

[373] Duffus Hardy, T. (ed.) (1835) Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus in Turri Londinensi asservati tempore Regis Johannis (London) ("Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus"), 2 John, p. 89.

[374] Aberbrothoc, 132, p. 93.

[375] CP II 374.

[376] Aberbrothoc, 130, p. 92.

[377] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 250.

[378] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 252.

[379] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 310.

[380] Aberbrothoc, 89, p. 60.

[381] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 310.

[382] Balmerino, 3, p. 5.

[383] CP VIII 660 footnote g.

[384] Roger, C. (ed.) (1879) Rental Book of the Cistercian Abbey of Cupar-Angus (London) ("Cupar"), Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 34, p. 333.

[385] Kinloss, p. 114.

[386] Scone, 98, p. 63.

[387] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1874) Matthæi Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majora (London) (“Matthew Paris”), Vol. V, 1258, p. 724.

[388] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XI, p. 92.

[389] CP VIII 659.

[390] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XI, p. 92.

[391] CP VIII 662.

[392] Balmerino, 3, p. 5.

[393] Chronicle of Melrose, 1242, p. 68.

[394] CP I 146.

[395] Chronicle of Melrose, 1242, p. 68.

[396] Lennox Cartularium, p. 30.

[397] CP V 133 footnote f, citing Fine Roll, 17 Hen. III, m. 5.

[398] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 199, p. 159.

[399] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 280, p. 72.

[400] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 280, p. 72.

[401] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 486, p. 295.

[402] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, L, LII, and LV, pp. 69, 78, and 81.

[403] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, LV, p. 81, quoting Fine Roll, 17 Edw I m 11.

[404] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 307, p. 84.

[405] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 486, p. 295.

[406] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, L, LII, and LV, pp. 69, 78, and 81.

[407] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, LXXXIII, p. 120.

[408] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XXIV, p. 165.

[409] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 742, p. 176.

[410] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CII, p. 189.

[411] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, DXXI, p. 291.

[412] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 310.

[413] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 283.

[414] Holyrood, 87, p. 75.

[415] Fraser, W. (1868) The Red Book of Grandtully (Edinburgh), Vol. I, Appendix, I, p. 125.

[416] Balfour Paul, Vol. III, Hay, Earls of Erroll, p. 558, citing British Museum, MS Harleian 4693 fol. 33.

[417] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[418] Young (1998), p. 29.

[419] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXV, p. 109.

[420] Kelso, Tome I, 274, p. 226.

[421] Holyrood, Cartæ ex Apographis, 5, p. 210.

[422] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 62.

[423] Holyrood, Cartæ ex Apographis, 5, p. 210.

[424] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 62.

[425] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 252.

[426] Thomson, T. (ed.) (1853) Registrum Honoris de Morton (Edinburgh) ("Morton Registrum"), Vol. II, 5, p. 4.

[427] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 150, p. 127.

[428] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 466, p. 78.

[429] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 466, p. 78.

[430] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 466, p. 78.

[431] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 466, p. 78.

[432] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 341, p. 56.

[433] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 5, p. 4.

[434] Maxwell Lyte, H. C. (ed.) (1901) Patent Rolls of the reign of Henry III preserved in the Public Record Office 1215-1225 (London), p. 426.

[435] Maitland, F. W. (ed.) (1887) Bracton’s Note Book, a Collection of Cases…annotated…by Henry of Bratton (London) ("Bracton’s Note Book"), Vol. II, 904, p. 695.

[436] Bracton’s Note Book, Vol. II, 941, p. 718.

[437] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 807, p. 143.

[438] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 910, p. 163.

[439] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1283, p. 233.

[440] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1284, p. 234.

[441] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 310.

[442] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[443] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 117, p. 101.

[444] Aberbrothoc, 89, p. 60.

[445] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[446] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[447] Young (1998), p. 66.

[448] Young (1998), p. 81.

[449] Young (1998), p. x.

[450] MacEwen, A. B. W. ‘The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d. 1309)’, Foundations, Vol. 3, No. 5 (Jan 2011), p. 391 footnote 2.

[451] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 168, p. 54.

[452] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 5.

[453] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[454] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXXIII, p. 120.

[455] Lindsay, W. A., Dowden, D. Thomson, J. M. (eds.) (1907) Charters, Bulls and other documents relating to the Abbey of Inchaffray, Publications of the Scottish History Society Vol. LVI (Edinburgh) ("Inchaffray"), CVIII, p. 99.

[456] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 153, p. 48.

[457] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 466, p. 110.

[458] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[459] Inchaffray, CVIII, p. 99.

[460] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 195.

[461] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[462] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 168, p. 51.

[463] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 168, p. 51.

[464] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XII, Cap. VII, p. 228.

[465] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 168, p. 51.

[466] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 312.

[467] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 312.

[468] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 312.

[469] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 312.

[470] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1420, p. 372.

[471] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[472] Young (1998), p. 83.

[473] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 10, p. xi.

[474] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[475] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXIV, p. 108.

[476] Inchaffray, CVIII, p. 99.

[477] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. I, p. 136.

[478] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[479] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XIII, p. 149.

[480] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 312.

[481] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XIII, p. 149.

[482] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XII, Cap. VII, p. 228.

[483] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[484] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, DVI, p. 272.

[485] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 209.

[486] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XIII, p. 149.

[487] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXV, p. 308.

[488] Kelso, Tome I, 1, p. 3, and Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 1, p. 5.

[489] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 105, p. 14.

[490] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[491] Kelso, Tome II, 359, p. 287.

[492] Kelso, Tome II, 360, p. 287.

[493] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 113, p. 104.

[494] Kelso, Tome II, 360, p. 287.

[495] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 113, p. 104.

[496] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 113, p. 104.

[497] Kelso, Tome II, 359, p. 287.

[498] Kelso, Tome II, 360, p. 287.

[499] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 114, p. 105.

[500] Kelso, Tome II, 359, p. 287.

[501] Kelso, Tome II, 360, p. 287.

[502] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 114, p. 105.

[503] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 262.

[504] Chronicle of Melrose, 1241, p. 67, where she is described as "Christiana Corbet, the wife of William, the son of the earl".

[505] Kelso, Tome II, 361, p. 288.

[506] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 269, p. 238.

[507] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 262.

[508] Chronicle of Melrose, 1253, p. 89, where he is referred to as "William the earl's son".

[509] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 278.

[510] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 113, p. 104.

[511] Morton Registrum, Vol. I, Preface, Appendix, p. xxxiii.

[512] Moray Bishopric, 71, p. 77.

[513] Beauly, II, p. 33.

[514] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 235, p. 210.

[515] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 242, 243, pp. 217-8.

[516] Dunfermline, 77, p. 44.

[517] Rymer, T. (1745) Fœdera, Conventiones, Literæ 3^rd Edn (London), Tome I, Pars II, p. 6.

[518] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 242, 243, pp. 217-8.

[519] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 46, p. 11.

[520] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 408, p. 235.

[521] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 194, p. 60.

[522] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 203, p. 63.

[523] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 207.

[524] Beauly, IX, p. 78.

[525] ES II 154.

[526] CP IV article Drummond, p. 469.

[527] Burke's Dormant and Extinct Peerages (London, 1883) reprint (Genealogical Publishing Co. Inc, Baltimore, 1978).

[528] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage 106^th Edition, First Impression (Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), Vol. 2, article Perth, p. 2223.

[529] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VII, Drummond, Earl of Perth, p. 28.

[530] Drummond, W. (1889) The Genealogy of the Most Noble and Ancient House of Drummond 1681 (Glasgow), pp. 13-19.

[531] Malcolm, D. (1808) Genealogical Memoir of the Most Noble and Ancient House of Drummond (Edinburgh), pp. 4-13.

[532] Lennox Cartularium, p. 12.

[533] Lennox Cartularium, p. 37.

[534] Lennox Cartularium, p. 14.

[535] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 21, p. 227.

[536] Lennox Cartularium, p. 37.

[537] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1594, p. 416.

[538] Lennox Cartularium, p. 46.

[539] Lennox Cartularium, p. 46.

[540] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 21, p. 227.

[541] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 29, p. 239.

[542] Laing, H. (1850) Descriptive catalogue of the impressions from ancient Scottish seals (Edinburgh), 241, p. 45.

[543] Burnett, G. (1880) The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV (Edinburgh), Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxx, citing “Harleian MSS. 4695”.

[544] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber X, CXI, p. 330.

[545] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber X, CXVII, p. 341.

[546] Fraser Menteith, Vol. II (1880), 29, p. 239.

[547] John of Fordun (Skene), Annals, CLXXXV, p. 370.

[548] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber IX, CXLVI, p. 307.

[549] Young, A. (1998) Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1212-1314 (Tuckwell Press), p. 38.

[550] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 369.

[551] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 62, p. 341.

[552] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 365.

[553] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 369.

[554] Aberbrothoc, 1, p. 3.

[555] Holyrood, 65, p. 51.

[556] Aberbrothoc, 128, p. 91.

[557] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 66, p. 342.

[558] Young (1998), p. 48.

[559] Lindores, LXXX, p. 85.

[560] Chronicle of Melrose, 1251, p. 88.

[561] Chronicle of Melrose, 1254 and 1255, p. 89.

[562] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Mar, p. 575.

[563] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 87, p. 348.

[564] Maitland Club (1839) Chronicon de Lanercost (Edinburgh) ("Lanercost Chronicle"), 1268, p. 84.

[565] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXXV, p. 122.

[566] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. I, Atholl, p. 422, citing Paton, Sir N. Celtic Earls of Atholl (not yet consulted).

[567] CP I 305.

[568] Lindores, LXXX, p. 85.

[569] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. IV, p. 84.

[570] Chronicle of Melrose, 1251, p. 88.

[571] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 7, p. x.

[572] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXXV, p. 122.

[573] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXXV, p. 122.

[574] Aberbrothoc, 128, p. 91.

[575] Lindores, LXXX, p. 85.

[576] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 66, p. 342.

[577] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 63, p. 341.

[578] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 87, p. 348.

[579] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 195.

[580] Bannatyne Club (1832) Registrum Monasterii de Passelet (Edinburgh) ("Paisley Monastery"), p. 205.

[581] Scone, 150, p. 109.

[582] Lennox Cartularium, p. 51.

[583] Holyrood, 108, p. 109.

[584] Holyrood, 107, p. 107.

[585] Holyrood, 108, p. 109.

[586] Holyrood, 108, p. 109.

[587] Holyrood, 108, p. 109.

[588] Fraser, A. (1879) The Frasers of Philorth (Edinburgh), Vols. I, II and III.

[589] Kelso, Tome I, 85 and 98, pp. 62 and 72.

[590] Kelso, Tome I, 92, p. 68.

[591] Kelso, Tome I, 86, p. 62.

[592] Kelso, Tome I, 87, p. 64.

[593] Fraser, A. (1879) The Frasers of Pilorth (Edinburgh), Vol. I, p. 12.

[594] Newbattle, 74, p. 57.

[595] Newbattle, 74 and 76, pp. 57 and 59.

[596] Newbattle, 77, p. 59.

[597] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 28.

[598] Newbattle, 90, p. 67.

[599] Newbattle, 78, p. 60.

[600] Newbattle, 78, p. 60.

[601] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 4, p. 3.

[602] Newbattle, 74 and 76, pp. 57 and 59.

[603] Newbattle, 91, p. 69.

[604] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 28.

[605] Newbattle, 90, p. 67.

[606] Newbattle, 110, p. 81.

[607] Newbattle, 109 and 111, pp. 81-2.

[608] Newbattle, 165, p. 132.

[609] Lindores, CXX, p. 150 and note p. 271.

[610] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 104, p. 93.

[611] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 24.

[612] Newbattle, 111, p. 82.

[613] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 130, p. 111.

[614] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 150, p. 127.

[615] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 99.

[616] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 99.

[617] Liber Vitæ Dunelmensis, p. 99.

[618] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 34.

[619] Morton Registrum, Vol. I, 9, p. 8.

[620] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 34.

[621] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CXLII, 9, p. 303.

[622] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 232, p. 193.

[623] Melrose Liber, Tome II, Appendix, 18, p. 679.

[624] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 216, p. 175.

[625] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 76, citing Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, Vol. I, p. 82 (not yet consulted).

[626] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 4, p. 3.

[627] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, XLVIII, p. 155.

[628] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 78, citing Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, Vol. I, p. 92 (not yet consulted).

[629] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 78, citing Rotuli Scotiæ, Vol. I, p. 20 (not yet consulted).

[630] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[631] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 79, citing Rotuli Scotiæ, Vol. I, p. 9 (not yet consulted).

[632] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CXLII, 11, p. 303.

[633] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XII, Cap. I, p. 221.

[634] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 90.

[635] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 96.

[636] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CIV, p. 191.

[637] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[638] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 232, p. 193.

[639] Kelso, Tome I, 124, p. 94.

[640] Melrose Liber, Tome II, Appendix, 18, p. 679.

[641] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CIII, p. 190.

[642] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 232, p. 193.

[643] Lanercost Chronicle, 1279, p. 103.

[644] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 50.

[645] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CIV, p. 191.

[646] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, p. 66, quoting Antiquities of Aberdeenshire, Vol. I, p. 258 (not yet consulted).

[647] Perth Blackfriars, X, p. 8.

[648] Scone, 129, p. 95.

[649] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXIII, p. 305.

[650] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, Appendix of Charters, 3, p. 198.

[651] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, Appendix of Charters, 4, p. 199.

[652] Spalding Club (1847) Illustrations of the Topography and Antiquities of the Shires of Aberdeen and Banff (Aberdeen) ("Aberdeen Antiquities"), Vol. II, p. 72, footnote 1, citing Nisbet System of Heraldry, Vol. II, Appendix, p. 238.

[653] Robertson (1799), 14, p. 60.

[654] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIV, Cap. III, p. 343.

[655] Robertson (1799), 14, p. 60.

[656] Fraser (1879), Vol. I, pp. 103-68.

[657] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXVIII, p. 311.

[658] The Brus, pp. 187 and 192.

[659] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXV, pp. 308-9.

[660] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXVIII, p. 311.

[661] Fraser (1879), Vol. II, p. 128.

[662] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXVIII, p. 311.

[663] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, LXII, p. 165.

[664] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 199.

[665] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 195.

[666] The Brus, p. 40.

[667] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, CXLII, 9, p. 303.

[668] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[669] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 284.

[670] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 220.

[671] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 247.

[672] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 209.

[673] Newbattle, 81, p. 63.

[674] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 224.

[675] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 313.

[676] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 247.

[677] Newbattle, 82, p. 63.

[678] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 238.

[679] Newbattle, 83, p. 64.

[680] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 247.

[681] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 209.

[682] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 284.

[683] Bliss, W. H. (1893) Calendar of entries in the Papal registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland (London), Vol. I, p. 259.

[684] Kelso, Tome I, 118, p. 85.

[685] Kelso, Tome I, 126, p. 97.

[686] Kelso, Tome I, 121, p. 88.

[687] Kelso, Tome I, 121, p. 88.

[688] Kelso, Tome I, 120, p. 87.

[689] Dryburgh, 195, p. 140.

[690] Bannatyne Club (1861) Charters of the Hospital of Soltre, of Trinity College, Edinburgh and other collegiate churches in Mid-Lothian (Edinburgh) ("Soltre"), 36, p. 30.

[691] Kelso, Tome I, 120, p. 87.

[692] Dryburgh, 195, p. 140.

[693] Kelso, Tome I, 119, p. 86.

[694] Kelso, Tome I, 125, p. 96.

[695] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 365, p. 330.

[696] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 409, p. 375.

[697] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 410, p. 376.

[698] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 409, p. 375.

[699] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[700] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 8, p. 11.

[701] Holyrood, 3, p. 7.

[702] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 11, p. 13.

[703] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 193.

[704] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 193.

[705] Newbattle, 7, p. 6.

[706] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 194.

[707] Newbattle, 7, p. 6.

[708] Newbattle, 8, p. 6.

[709] Newbattle, 69, p. 55.

[710] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 194.

[711] Beauly, p. 19.

[712] Newbattle, 8, p. 6.

[713] Newbattle, 9, p. 7.

[714] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 198.

[715] Newbattle, 69, p. 55.

[716] Newbattle, 7, p. 6.

[717] Newbattle, 7, p. 6.

[718] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 199.

[719] Lennox Cartularium, p. 38.

[720] Beauly, p. 19.

[721] Newbattle, 8, p. 6.

[722] Newbattle, 9, p. 7.

[723] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 98, p. 85.

[724] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 235, p. 210.

[725] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 3, p. 2.

[726] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 194.

[727] Melrose Liber, Tome II, Appendix, 18, p. 679.

[728] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 3, p. 2.

[729] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, CXCV, p. 267.

[730] Stephenson (1870), Vol. I, CLXXX, p. 257.

[731] Melrose Liber, Tome II, 377, p. 341.

[732] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 20, p. 14.

[733] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 196.

[734] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 14.

[735] Burnett, G. (1880) The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV (Edinburgh), Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxxxviii, footnote 2.

[736] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 3, p. 2.

[737] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 197.

[738] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 199.

[739] Kelso, Tome I, 133, p. 102.

[740] Kelso, Tome I, 133, p. 102.

[741] Kelso, Tome I, 135, p. 103.

[742] Kelso, Tome I, 133, p. 102.

[743] Kelso, Tome I, 134, p. 103.

[744] Kelso, Tome I, 137, p. 105.

[745] Kelso, Tome I, 133, p. 102.

[746] Kelso, Tome I, 135, p. 103.

[747] Kelso, Tome I, 131, p. 100.

[748] Lennox Cartularium, p. 30.

[749] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 235, p. 210.

[750] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 202, footnote 4.

[751] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 200.

[752] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 202, footnote 4.

[753] Cambuskenneth, 14, p. 24.

[754] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[755] Bannatyne Club (1847) Liber Insule Missarum abbacie de Inchaffery Registrum Vetus (Edinburgh) ("Inchaffray Liber Insule Missarum"), Preface Appendix, p. xxxiii.

[756] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 202, footnote 4.

[757] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 207, citing Rotuli Scotiæ, i, 10.

[758] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[759] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 213.

[760] Cambuskenneth, 14, p. 24.

[761] Cambuskenneth, 14, p. 24.

[762] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 202, footnote 4.

[763] Beauly, p. 68.

[764] Moray Bishopric, 124, p. 136.

[765] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 163, p. 49.

[766] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 203.

[767] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 129, p. 28.

[768] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, DV, p. 271.

[769] Moray Bishopric, 124, p. 136.

[770] Beauly, p. 75.

[771] Beauly, p. 76.

[772] Beauly, VIII, p. 74.

[773] Beauly, IX, p. 78.

[774] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 204.

[775] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 204.

[776] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 204, citing Crawfurd’s Peerage, p. 338 (not yet consulted).

[777] Bannatyne Club (1847) Liber Insule Missarum abbacie de Inchaffery Registrum Vetus (Edinburgh) ("Inchaffray Liber Insule Missarum"), Preface Appendix, p. xlvii.

[778] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 208, citing Fraser Red Book of Menteith, Vol. I, p. 104 (not yet consulted).

[779] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 208, citing The Scottish Antiquary, Vol. XVII, p. 186 (not yet consulted).

[780] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Menteith, p. 137, citing “Acta Parl. Scot., i. 744”.

[781] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 113, p. 88.

[782] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 145, p. 119.

[783] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 202, footnote 4.

[784] Cambuskenneth, 14, p. 24.

[785] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XXIV, p. 165.

[786] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 742, p. 176.

[787] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 209.

[788] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 209.

[789] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 109, p. 85.

[790] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 109, p. 85.

[791] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, p. 214.

[792] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 15.

[793] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxcii.

[794] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 18, citing Fraser, W. (1885) Douglas Book, Vol. II (Edinburgh), p. 22.

[795] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Graham, Duke of Montrose, pp. 220-74.

[796] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Keith, Earl Marischal, p. 37.

[797] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, p. 254.

[798] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxvii, footnote 6.

[799] CP I 312.

[800] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber X, CII, p. 313.

[801] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 109, p. 85.

[802] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, The Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton (London, 1887), The Charters and Miscellaneous Historical Papers of...the Duke of Hamilton..., p. 1.

[803] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), p. 2.

[804] Riddell, J. (1843) Stewartiana...Robert II and Elizabeth Mure (Edinburgh), p. 77.

[805] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, Introduction, p. xxv.

[806] Anderson, J. (1825) Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton (Edinburgh), pp. 24-33.

[807] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 247, p. 38.

[808] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 451, p. 75.

[809] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 116, p. 107.

[810] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 116, p. 107.

[811] Burton, J. (1758) Monasticon Eboracense (York), p. 74.

[812] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 305, p. 267.

[813] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 305, p. 267.

[814] Paisley Monastery, p. 233.

[815] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 92, footnote continued on p. 93.

[816] Riddell (1843) Stewartiana, p. 77, citing Crawford’s Peerage, pp. 186-7.

[817] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 92, footnote continued on p. 93.

[818] Paisley Monastery, p. 96.

[819] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 92, footnote continued on p. 93.

[820] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 93, footnote continued from p. 92.

[821] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 29.

[822] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), p. 3.

[823] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 88-95.

[824] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 86-8.

[825] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 83.

[826] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 93-4.

[827] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 94.

[828] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 92, footnote continued on p. 93.

[829] Paisley Monastery, p. 96.

[830] Paisley Monastery, p. 103.

[831] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 212.

[832] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), p. 2.

[833] Paisley Monastery, p. 205.

[834] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 1, p. 12.

[835] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 267, p. 227.

[836] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 1, p. 12.

[837] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 93, footnote continued from p. 92.

[838] Dalrymple, Sir D. (Lord Hailes) (1779) Annals of Scotland (Edinburgh), Vol. II, Appendix IV, p. 369.

[839] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 341.

[840] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 267, p. 227.

[841] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 341-2.

[842] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 1, p. 12.

[843] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 267, p. 227.

[844] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 2, p. 12.

[845] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 3, p. 13.

[846] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 343, citing Anderson (1825), p. 42.

[847] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 5, p. 14.

[848] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 343.

[849] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 8, p. 15.

[850] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 343, citing “Tenth Rep. Hist. MSS. Com., App. vi. 77” [not consulted].

[851] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 343, citing “Tenth Rep. Hist. MSS. Com., App. vi. 77” [not consulted].

[852] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 343-4, citing Anderson (1825), pp. 42, 254.

[853] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 343-4, citing Anderson (1825), pp. 42, 254.

[854] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 344, citing “Nisbet’s Heraldry, ii. 154” [not consulted].

[855] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 342, citing “Original writ in Gen. Reg. Ho., No. 181a”.

[856] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 342, citing R. M. S., 20 September 1451.

[857] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 342.

[858] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 66, 76.

[859] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, Earls of Haddington, p. 304.

[860] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 160.

[861] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 161.

[862] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, Earls of Haddington, p. 304.

[863] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, Earls of Haddington, p. 304.

[864] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, Earls of Haddington, pp. 304-29.

[865] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 5, p. 14.

[866] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345.

[867] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), p. 3.

[868] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 88-95.

[869] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”, and “237”.

[870] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”.

[871] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 8, p. 15.

[872] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 346, citing “Tenth Rep. Hist. MSS Com., App. vi. 77” [not consulted].

[873] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 184, p. 162.

[874] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 193, p. 170.

[875] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 196, p. 179.

[876] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 7, p. 14.

[877] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 347, citing Rymer’s Fœdera, lx. 49” [not consulted].

[878] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 347, citing Bain Calendar of Documents, Vol. IV, nos. 942, 952, 980; “Fœdera, x. 351” [not consulted].

[879] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 9, p. 15.

[880] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 10, p. 15.

[881] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 348, citing “R. M. S., 23 Oct 1455.

[882] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 348.

[883] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 132, p. 213.

[884] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 11, p. 15.

[885] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 348.

[886] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 132, p. 213.

[887] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 349.

[888] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 349.

[889] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 349.

[890] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 347, citing Rymer’s Fœdera, lx. 49” [not consulted].

[891] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 347.

[892] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 347.

[893] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 132, p. 213.

[894] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”, and “237”.

[895] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”, and “237”.

[896] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”.

[897] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”, and “237”.

[898] Lennox Cartularium, p. 71.

[899] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345.

[900] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 8, p. 15.

[901] Lennox Cartularium, p. 72.

[902] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 345-6.

[903] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 346, and Anderson (1825), p. 47.

[904] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 346, citing Anderson (1825), p. 45.

[905] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 10, p. 15.

[906] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 132, p. 213.

[907] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 12, p. 15.

[908] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 350-2.

[909] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 13, p. 16.

[910] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 16, p. 17.

[911] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 350-2.

[912] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 20.

[913] CP I 220.

[914] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 23, p. 19.

[915] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 353, citing “R. M. S., 14 Oct 1482”.

[916] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 353-5.

[917] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 353.

[918] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 24, p. 19.

[919] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 25, p. 20.

[920] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 106, p. 49.

[921] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, pp. 358-60.

[922] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), 107, p. 51.

[923] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, pp. 360-97.

[924] Fraser (1874) The Lennox, Vol. I, p. 337.

[925] Scalacronica, p. 41.

[926] Balfour Paul, Vol. III, Hay, Earls of Erroll, p. 560.

[927] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 46, p. 336.

[928] Scone, 15, p. 12.

[929] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 126.

[930] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 105, p. 14.

[931] Isle of May, 15, p. 10.

[932] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 46, p. 336.

[933] Scone, 27, p. 21.

[934] Scone, 30, p. 22.

[935] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 224.

[936] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 41, p. 33.

[937] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 313.

[938] Kinloss, p. 109.

[939] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 313.

[940] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 57, p. 340.

[941] Roger, C. (ed.) (1880) Rental Book of the Cistercian Abbey of Cupar-Angus (London) ("Cupar"), Vol. II, Appendix, II, 2, p. 284.

[942] St Andrew’s Priory, pp. 313-4.

[943] Lindores, LXVI, p. 78.

[944] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 60, p. 341.

[945] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 57, p. 340.

[946] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[947] Cupar, Vol. II, Appendix, II, 2, p. 284.

[948] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 57, p. 340.

[949] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 60, p. 341.

[950] Isle of May, 19, p. 12.

[951] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[952] Balmerino, 1, p. 3.

[953] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 57, p. 340.

[954] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 60, p. 341.

[955] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[956] Kinloss, p. 112.

[957] Lindores, LXVI, p. 78.

[958] Lindores, p. 242.

[959] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 67, p. 342.

[960] Balmerino, 1, p. 3.

[961] Lindores, LXVI, p. 78.

[962] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 67, p. 342.

[963] Newbattle, 16, p. 12.

[964] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[965] Lindores, LXXXV, p. 91.

[966] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 67, p. 342.

[967] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[968] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 57, p. 340.

[969] Cupar, Vol. II, Appendix, II, 2, p. 284.

[970] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[971] Inchaffray, LXVIII, p. 60.

[972] Fraser, Sir W. (1890) The Melvilles Earls of Melville and the Leslies Earls of Leven (Edinburgh), Vol. III, 11, p. 5.

[973] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[974] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 52, p. 338.

[975] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 51, p. 338.

[976] Balmerino, 1, p. 3.

[977] St Andrew’s Priory, pp. 313-4.

[978] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 60, p. 341.

[979] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 48, p. 337.

[980] Lindores, LXVI, p. 78.

[981] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[982] Cupar, Vol. II, Appendix, II, 2, p. 284.

[983] Isle of May, 19, p. 12.

[984] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[985] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[986] Cupar, Vol. II, Appendix, II, 2, p. 284.

[987] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[988] Lindores, LXXVI, p. 82.

[989] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 52, p. 338.

[990] Inchaffray, LXVIII, p. 60.

[991] Fraser (1890) Melvilles, Vol. III, 11, p. 5.

[992] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[993] Aberbrothoc, 49, p. 34.

[994] Aberbrothoc, 114, p. 81.

[995] Balfour Paul, Vol. III, Hay, Earls of Erroll, p. 558, citing British Museum, MS Harleian 4693 fol. 33.

[996] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[997] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[998] Aberbrothoc, 49, p. 34.

[999] Aberbrothoc, 114, p. 81.

[1000] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 52, p. 338.

[1001] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 52, p. 338.

[1002] Inchaffray, LXVIII, p. 60.

[1003] Aberbrothoc, 49, p. 34.

[1004] Aberbrothoc, 114, p. 81.

[1005] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[1006] Aberbrothoc, 49, p. 34.

[1007] Aberbrothoc, 114, p. 81.

[1008] Aberbrothoc, 114, p. 81.

[1009] Lindores, LXXVIII, p. 83.

[1010] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, LXVI, p. 168.

[1011] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 199.

[1012] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[1013] Easson, D. E. (1947) Charters of the Abbey of Coupar-Angus (“Coupar-Angus”), Vol. I, 1166-1376 (Scottish History Society Volumes, Series 3, Vol. 40), LXXXI, p. 178, available at <https://deriv.nls.uk/dcn23/1283/1182/128311829.23.pdf> (28 Feb 2021).

[1014] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXII, p. 179.

[1015] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXV, p. 184.

[1016] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXVI, p. 185.

[1017] Cupar, Vol. II, Appendix, II, 5, p. 286.

[1018] Scone, 131, p. 97.

[1019] Perth Blackfriars, X, p. 8.

[1020] Perth Blackfriars, XIII, p. 19.

[1021] Scone, 129, p. 95.

[1022] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, CXIII, p. 241.

[1023] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXI, p. 178.

[1024] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXV, p. 184.

[1025] Perth Blackfriars, XIII, p. 19.

[1026] Perth Blackfriars, XIII, p. 19.

[1027] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXII, p. 179.

[1028] Perth Blackfriars, XIII, p. 19.

[1029] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, LXXXIV, p. 176.

[1030] The Brus, p. 40.

[1031] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXII, p. 179.

[1032] Coupar-Angus, Vol. I, LXXXII, p. 179.

[1033] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, p. 560.

[1034] Burke's Peerage, Vol. I, p. 994.

[1035] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 16.

[1036] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxii, citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 115 [not consulted].

[1037] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, pp. 562-87.

[1038] BEP, p. 606.

[1039] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Home, Earl of Home, p. 441.

[1040] Rogers, C. (ed.) (1879) Chartulary of the Cistercian Priory of Coldstream (London) ("Coldstream"), 7, p. 5.

[1041] Coldstream, 7, p. 5.

[1042] Coldstream, 7, p. 5.

[1043] Kelso, Tome I, 300, p. 241.

[1044] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Home, Earl of Home, p. 441.

[1045] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Home, Earl of Home, p. 442, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix, no. cxx (not yet consulted).

[1046] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Home, Earl of Home, p. 442, citing Twelfth Report Historical Manuscripts Commission, Appendix, viii, 171, 178 (not yet consulted).

[1047] Kelso, Tome I, 132, p. 100.

[1048] Kelso, Tome I, 291, p. 235.

[1049] Coldstream, 13, p. 9.

[1050] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 204.

[1051] Kelso, Tome II, p. 465.

[1052] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, VI, p. 370.

[1053] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, VI, p. 370.

[1054] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, VI, p. 370.

[1055] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, VI, p. 370.

[1056] Kelso, Tome I, 95, p. 70.

[1057] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 25, citing (for the 1124 charter) “Nat. MSS. of Scotland, i, No. xix”.

[1058] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 26.

[1059] Kelso, Tome I, 96, p. 70.

[1060] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 26, citing Aberbrothoc, Tome I, pp. 17, 19, 23, 24, 26.

[1061] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, p. 135, and Vol. VI, p. 26, citing “Nisbet’s Heraldry, App. 3” [not consulted].

[1062] Aberbrothoc, Tome I, 2, p. 9.

[1063] Kelso, Tome I, 146, p. 113.

[1064] Kelso, Tome II, 364, p. 292.

[1065] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. Vol. VI, p. 26-8.

[1066] Kelso, Tome I, 87, p. 64.

[1067] Kelso, Tome I, 87 and 89, pp. 62 and 67.

[1068] Kelso, Tome I, 88, p. 66.

[1069] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 21, p. 16.

[1070] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 21, p. 16.

[1071] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 232.

[1072] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 22, p. 17.

[1073] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[1074] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[1075] Kelso, Tome I, 88, p. 66.

[1076] Soltre, 36, p. 30.

[1077] Lennox Cartularium, p. 32.

[1078] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Keith, Earl Marischal, p. 29.

[1079] Kelso, Tome I, 100, p. 73.

[1080] Scone, 131, p. 97.

[1081] Perth Blackfriars, X, p. 8.

[1082] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 14, p. 11.

[1083] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XXV, p. 308.

[1084] Soltre, 48, p. 41.

[1085] Soltre, 48, p. 41.

[1086] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, Appendix, III, p. 320.

[1087] Soltre, 48, p. 41.

[1088] Soltre, 48, p. 41.

[1089] Soltre, 48, p. 41.

[1090] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 29.

[1091] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 29.

[1092] Dunbar, Sir A. H. (1906) Scottish Kings (Edinburgh), p. 147.

[1093] Illustrations of the Topography and Antiquities of the shires of Aberdeen and Banff (Aberdeen, 1842), Vol. IV, p. 713.

[1094] Joannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XL, p. 325.

[1095] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 86-8.

[1096] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, p. 29.

[1097] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 86-8.

[1098] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 83.

[1099] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 93-4.

[1100] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 94.

[1101] Historical Manuscripts Commission, Eleventh Report, Appendix, Part VI, Hamilton Manuscripts (1887), p. 3.

[1102] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345.

[1103] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, pp. 88-95.

[1104] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Hamilton, p. 345, citing “R. M. S., fol. vol. 205”, and “237”.

[1105] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 197.

[1106] Spalding Club (1847) Illustrations of the Topography and Antiquities of the Shires of Aberdeen and Banff (Aberdeen) ("Aberdeen Antiquities"), Vol. II, p. 72, footnote 1, citing Nisbet System of Heraldry, Vol. II, Appendix, p. 238.

[1107] MacEwen, A. B. W. ‘Keith and Gordon Notes: Addenda and Corrigenda’, Foundations, Vol. 3, No. 5 (Jan 2011), p. 399, quoting Borland, C. R. (1916) A Descriptive Catalogue of the Western Medieval Manuscripts in Edinburgh University Library (Edinburgh), pp. 38-41, and Appendix IV, pp. 329-32.

[1108] Spalding Club (1847) Illustrations of the Topography and Antiquities of the Shires of Aberdeen and Banff (Aberdeen) ("Aberdeen Antiquities"), Vol. II, p. 72, footnote 1, citing Nisbet System of Heraldry, Vol. II, Appendix, p. 238.

[1109] MacEwen ‘Keith and Gordon Notes’, p. 399, quoting Borland (1916), pp. 38-41, and Appendix IV, pp. 329-32.

[1110] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VIII, p. 268.

[1111] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 16.

[1112] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxii, citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 104 [not consulted].

[1113] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. VIII, p. 268.

[1114] Laing, D. (1879) The Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland by Androw of Wyntoun, Vol. III (Edinburgh), Book IX, Chap. XVI, lines 1641-1645, p. 62.

[1115] MacEwen ‘Keith and Gordon Notes’, p. 399, quoting Borland (1916), pp. 38-41, and Appendix IV, pp. 329-32.

[1116] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. VI, Keith, Earl Marischal, p. 37.

[1117] MacEwen ‘Keith and Gordon Notes’, p. 399.

[1118] Stuart (1798) The Stewarts, p. 439.

[1119] Burnett (1882) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. V, p. 342.

[1120] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. II, Brechin, Lord of Brechin, p. 223, citing Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scottorum (“R.M.S.”), folio vol. 64, No. 209 [not consulted].

[1121] Panmure, Vol. II, p. 230.

[1122] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 162.

[1123] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. V, Erskine, Earl of Mar, pp. 598-600.

[1124] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 197.

[1125] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 274.

[1126] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 213.

[1127] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 260.

[1128] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 260.

[1129] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 275.

[1130] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 308, p. 49.

[1131] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 356, p. 59.

[1132] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 392, p. 64.

[1133] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 842, p. 150.

[1134] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 275.

[1135] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 308, p. 49.

[1136] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 392, p. 64.

[1137] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 429, p. 72.

[1138] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 490, p. 84.

[1139] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 17 footnote 1, quoting Pipe Roll, 13 John, Buckingham and Bedford.

[1140] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 274.

[1141] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 260.

[1142] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 275.

[1143] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 274.

[1144] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 260.

[1145] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 274.

[1146] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 275.

[1147] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 244.

[1148] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 274.

[1149] Moray Bishopric, 11, p. 9.

[1150] CP VII 444-5.

[1151] Bracton’s Note Book, Vol. II, 96, p. 85.

[1152] Innes, C. (ed.) (1846) Registrum cartarum abbacie Tironensis de Kelso 1113-1167 (Edinburgh) ("Kelso"), Tome I, 294, p. 238.

[1153] Bracton’s Note Book, Vol. II, 96, p. 85.

[1154] Kelso, Tome I, 129, p. 99.

[1155] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 283.

[1156] Red Book of Grandtully, Vol. I, Appendix, I, p. 125.

[1157] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, LV, p. 161.

[1158] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 195.

[1159] Beauly, IX, p. 78.

[1160] Kelso, Tome I, 1, p. 3.

[1161] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 1, p. 5.

[1162] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Temple, London, XXIV, p. 829.

[1163] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 8, p. 11.

[1164] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 8, p. 11.

[1165] Dryburgh, 111, p. 79.

[1166] Hart, W. H. and Lyons, P. A. (ed.) (1884) Cartularium monasterii de Ramseia, 3 Vols. (London) ("Ramsey"), Vol. I, XCII, p. 155.

[1167] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 8, p. 11.

[1168] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 1, p. 3.

[1169] Dryburgh, 110, p. 79.

[1170] Dryburgh, 117, p. 83.

[1171] Dryburgh, 117, p. 83.

[1172] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 2, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix X, p. 69 (not yet consulted).

[1173] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 197.

[1174] Isle of May, 11, p. 7.

[1175] Ramsey, Vol. I, CLXXXVII, p. 252.

[1176] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 2, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix X, p. 69 (not yet consulted).

[1177] Wilson, J. (ed.) (1915) The Register of the Priory of St Bees (Durham) ("St Bees"), 39, p. 69.

[1178] St Bees, 29, p. 57.

[1179] Dugdale Monasticon III, Wetherall Priory, Cumberland, XVI, Cronicon Cumbriæ, p. 585.

[1180] St Bees, 29, p. 57.

[1181] St Bees, 75, p. 105.

[1182] St Bees, 52, p. 83.

[1183] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 2, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix X, p. 69 (not yet consulted).

[1184] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 12, p. 11.

[1185] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 2.

[1186] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 19, p. 64.

[1187] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 197.

[1188] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 194, p. 28.

[1189] Newbattle, 135, p. 102.

[1190] Lindores, II, p. 2.

[1191] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 98, p. 85.

[1192] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 232.

[1193] Lindores, LXXXV, p. 91.

[1194] Lennox Cartularium, p. 30.

[1195] Dryburgh, 117, p. 83.

[1196] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 860, p. 152.

[1197] Dryburgh, 117, p. 83.

[1198] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 3, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix, no. 649 (not yet consulted).

[1199] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 21, p. 16.

[1200] Kinloss, p. 112.

[1201] Chronicle of Melrose, 1222, p. 58.

[1202] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 3, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix, no. 59-73 (not yet consulted).

[1203] Newbattle, 135, p. 102.

[1204] Newbattle, 143, p. 108.

[1205] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 6.

[1206] Newbattle, 138, p. 104.

[1207] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 7.

[1208] Paisley Monastery, p. 427.

[1209] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 3, citing Raine North Durham, Appendix, no. 59-73 (not yet consulted).

[1210] Dugdale Monasticon III, York St Mary Abbey, Yorkshire, XIX, p. 553.

[1211] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 820, p. 283.

[1212] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 114, p. 27.

[1213] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, 820, p. 283.

[1214] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 820, p. 283.

[1215] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 23, p. 6.

[1216] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 52, p. 12.

[1217] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 447, p. 269.

[1218] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 820, p. 283.

[1219] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 447, p. 269.

[1220] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, Henry III, 820, p. 283.

[1221] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 263, p. 75.

[1222] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire VI, p. 909.

[1223] Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. II, Edward I, 447, p. 269.

[1224] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 239, p. 72.

[1225] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 5.

[1226] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 5.

[1227] Newbattle, 135, p. 102.

[1228] Newbattle, 143, p. 108.

[1229] Newbattle, 138, p. 104.

[1230] Newbattle, 136, p. 103.

[1231] Lindores, II, p. 2.

[1232] Lindores, III, p. 7.

[1233] Lindores, XXIX, p. 32.

[1234] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 62, p. 51.

[1235] Lennox Cartularium, p. 30.

[1236] Scone, 74, p. 45.

[1237] Scone, 81, p. 50.

[1238] Dunfermline, 190, p. 107.

[1239] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, Illustrations, 6, p. x.

[1240] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 6.

[1241] Newbattle, 138, p. 104.

[1242] Newbattle, 139, p. 105.

[1243] Dunfermline, 190, p. 107.

[1244] Dunfermline, 190, p. 107.

[1245] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 924, p. 166.

[1246] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1525, p. 278.

[1247] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1530, p. 279.

[1248] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1531, p. 280.

[1249] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1540, p. 281.

[1250] Newbattle, 143, p. 108.

[1251] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 240.

[1252] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1515, p. 275.

[1253] Newbattle, 139, p. 105.

[1254] Paisley Monastery, p. 233.

[1255] Paisley Monastery, p. 233.

[1256] Newbattle, 139, p. 105.

[1257] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 1758, p. 325.

[1258] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 6, p. ix.

[1259] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. I, 304, p. 80.

[1260] Paisley Monastery, p. 427.

[1261] Scone, 74, p. 45.

[1262] Balmerino, 24, p. 20.

[1263] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. III, Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, p. 5.

[1264] Newbattle, 172, p. 137.

[1265] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 196.

[1266] Newbattle, 149, p. 114.

[1267] McCall, H. B. (1894) History and Antiquities of Mid Calder (Edinburgh), citing a charter “in Lord Torpichen’s charter chest”. [information provided by Elizabeth Nathan in a private email to the author dated 15 Jan 2012]

[1268] Fraser (1885) Douglas, Vol. I, p. 203.

[1269] Newbattle, 172, p. 137.

[1270] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 4.

[1271] Stephenson (1870) Vol. II, CCCLXXXV, p. 92.

[1272] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 4.

[1273] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 4.

[1274] CP II 375 footnote c.

[1275] Aberdeen Antiquities, Vol. IV, p. 4.

[1276] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 196.

[1277] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 139, p. 130.

[1278] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 295, p. 260.

[1279] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 139, p. 130.

[1280] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 140, p. 131.

[1281] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 139, p. 130.

[1282] Lennox Cartularium, p. 49.

[1283] Lennox Cartularium, p. 51.

[1284] Newbattle, 149, p. 114.

[1285] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, p. 11.

[1286] Stuart (1798), p. 434.

[1287] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, pp. cxciii-cxciv.

[1288] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 166, p. 139.

[1289] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 193, p. 170.

[1290] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxciv.

[1291] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, p. 11.

[1292] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, pp. cxciii-cxciv.

[1293] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxciv.

[1294] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 14.

[1295] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxci, footnote 2 citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 172 [not consulted].

[1296] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxc, footnote 6, citing “the Earl of Morton’s charters”.

[1297] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxci.

[1298] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. III, pp. 354, 381, 434, 493.

[1299] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxcii.

[1300] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxci, footnote 2 citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 172 [not consulted].

[1301] CP III 508-9.

[1302] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. I, p. 16, citing “Exchequer Rolls, iv. p. clxvi” and “Reg. Mag. Sig., 19 Jan 1478-9”.

[1303] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. clxv, citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 172 [not consulted].

[1304] Laing (1879) Cronykil Androw of Wyntoun, Vol. III, Book IX, Chap. XVI, lines 1641-1645, p. 62.

[1305] Balfour Paul Scots Peerage, Vol. III, pp. 17-51.

[1306] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxci, footnote 2 citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 172 [not consulted].

[1307] Burnett (1880) Exchequer Rolls, Vol. IV, Appendix to Preface, I, Stewart Genealogy, p. cxci, footnote 2 citing R.M.S., Vol. 1, p. 172 [not consulted].

[1308] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. I, 105, p. 14.

[1309] Stuart, J. (ed.) (1868) Records of the Priory of the Isle of May (Edinburgh) ("Isle of May"), 14, p. 9.

[1310] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 220.

[1311] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 224.

[1312] Kelso, Tome I, 148, p. 115.

[1313] Stuart, J. (ed.) (1874) Registrum de Panmure compiled by Harry Maule of Kelly 1733 (Edinburgh), Vol. II, p. 80.

[1314] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 84.

[1315] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 84.

[1316] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 81.

[1317] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 84.

[1318] Smythe, W. (1843) Liber Ecclesie de Scon, Munimenta Vetustiora Monasterii Sancte Trinitatis et Sancti Michaelis de Scon (Edinburgh) ("Scone"), 30, p. 22.

[1319] Stenton (Danelaw, 1920), Southwick, 441, p. 325.

[1320] Lindores, X, p. 14.

[1321] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 238.

[1322] Lindores, X, p. 14.

[1323] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 238.

[1324] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 229.

[1325] Scone, 46, p. 30.

[1326] Stuart, J. (1872) Records of the Monastery of Kinloss (Edinburgh) ("Kinloss"), p. 109.

[1327] Scone, 61, p. 39.

[1328] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 265.

[1329] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 265.

[1330] Holyrood, 76, p. 64.

[1331] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 257.

[1332] Glasgow Bishopric, Tome I, 8, p. 11.

[1333] Holyrood, 11, p. 11.

[1334] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 12, p. 11.

[1335] St Andrew’s Priory, p. 193.

[1336] Scone, 21, 22, p. 17-18.

[1337] Scone, 28, p. 21.

[1338] Scone, 28, p. 21.

[1339] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1340] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1341] Scone, 95, p. 60.

[1342] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1343] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 82.

[1344] Scone, 78, p. 47.

[1345] Inchaffray Liber Insule Missarum, Preface Appendix, p. xxvii.

[1346] Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II, p. 82.

[1347] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1348] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1349] Inchaffray Liber Insule Missarum, Preface Appendix, 22, p. xl.

[1350] Inchaffray Liber Insule Missarum, Preface Appendix, 24, p. xli.

[1351] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1352] Scone, 125, p. 90.

[1353] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256.

[1354] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256, citing Exchequer Rolls, Vol. I, p. 282 (not yet consulted).

[1355] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256.

[1356] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256.

[1357] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256, citing "Reg. Mag. Sig.".

[1358] Balfour Paul The Scots Peerage, Vol. IV, Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie, p. 256, citing Exchequer Rolls, Vol. II, p. 116 (not yet consulted).

[1359] Morton Registrum, Vol. II, 66, p. 49.

[1360] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 282, p. 249.

[1361] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 282, p. 249.

[1362] Kinloss, p. 114.

[1363] Dunfermline, 177, p. 100.

[1364] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 223, p. 199.

[1365] Holyrood, 87, p. 75.

[1366] Melrose Liber, Tome I, 223, p. 199.

[1367] Holyrood, 87, p. 75.

[1368] Page, W. (ed.) (1923) A History of the County of York, North Riding, Vol. 2 (Victoria County History), pp. 365-71, Seaton, consulted at <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64675> (15 Jan 2011) (information provided by Elizabeth Nathan in a private email to the author dated 9 Jan 2011).

[1369] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1102, p. 279.

[1370] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 1464, p. 382.

[1371] Lanercost Chronicle, 1306, p. 204.

[1372] John of Fordun (Skene), Annals, LXXVI, p. 311.

[1373] Lanercost Chronicle, 1306, p. 204.

[1374] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. XII, p. 287.

[1375] Stuart (1798), p. 429.

[1376] John of Fordun (Skene), Annals, CLXXVIII, p. 366.

[1377] Liber Pluscardensis, Vol. I, Liber IX, CXLIV, p. 302.

[1378] Lanercost Chronicle, 1306, p. 204.

[1379] Lanercost Chronicle, 1306, p. 204.

[1380] Newbattle, 17, p. 13.

[1381] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 46, p. 336.

[1382] Newbattle, 37, p. 29.

[1383] Balfour Paul, Vol. III, Hay, Earls of Erroll, p. 555.

[1384] Newbattle, 40, p. 31.

[1385] Newbattle, 38, p. 30.

[1386] Newbattle, 38, p. 30.

[1387] Cupar, Vol. I, Breviarum Antiqui Registri, 46, p. 336.

[1388] Newbattle, 39, p. 30.

[1389] Newbattle, 49, p. 38.

[1390] Newbattle, 170, p. 135.

[1391] Newbattle, 23, p. 17.

[1392] Holyrood, 74, p. 62.

[1393] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XVIII, p. 102.

[1394] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXIX, p. 114.

[1395] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. X, Cap. XXIX, p. 114.

[1396] Newbattle, Appendix, V, p. 289.

[1397] Chronicle of Melrose, 1251, p. 88.

[1398] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 7, p. x.

[1399] Palgrave (1837), Vol. I, 7, p. x.

[1400] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 195.

[1401] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[1402] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[1403] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XIII, Cap. I, p. 274.

[1404] Andrew Wyntoun, Vol. II, Book VIII, c. VI, p. 311.

[1405] Balfour Paul, Vol. I, Campbell, Dukes of Argyll, p. 322.

[1406] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 847, p. 223.

[1407] Johannis de Fordun (Goodall), Vol. II, Lib. XI, Cap. XV, p. 153.

[1408] Lanercost Chronicle, 1314, p. 228.

[1409] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. II, 823, p. 209.

[1410] Calendar of Documents Scotland (Bain), Vol. III, Appendix, III, p. 320.