Family reconstruction of the Christian nobility in the Iberian peninsula during the early medieval period is particularly difficult. The factors which contribute to the problems include lack of continuity in property holdings, duplication of names, non-inheritability of titles, the nature of the inheritance laws, and the type of primary sources which are available. Each of these factors will be considered in turn below.

Dealing first with the changes in property holdings, properties were bought, sold, or reassigned by the king, frequently. Family patrimony was generally not restricted to a particular area. Tenencias granted by the king were regularly withdrawn or re-assigned. Spanish nobles were therefore rarely able to establish regional power-bases or centralised lordships, in contrast particularly to the situation in France. There are some notable exceptions, for instance the Beni Gómez family (often called Condes de Saldaña), the Menéndez family (who governed large parts of Galicia), the condes en Cea, and the condes en Castilla (whose territory evolved into the kingdom of Castile, see the document CASTILE & LEÓN, COUNTS & KINGS). In the case of most noble families, however, the absence of a single "home-base" meant that toponymic family names rarely developed, at least before the late 12th century. The absence of continuity with specific places became particular acute in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, when confiscations and new awards accelerated as a consequence of numerous rebellions against the central royal authority.

Llorente categorises the different types of señorío granted by the monarchs of León/Asturias and Castile[1]:

behetrías: the most prestigious of the three types, in districts where the land was owned by its natives, the title-holder of the señorío being appointed by the monarch as benefactor or protector of the area while the inhabitants retained ownership of their lands.
solariegos: less prestigious, in unpopulated districts which were settled by incomers called colonos or collazos, the title-holder owning the property of the territory.
dismembraciones: a hybrid form of señorío, in areas already populated by vassals of the crown where the monarch separated out new patrimony and granted it to a new title-holder.

It should be emphasised that each señorío could occupy a very small area of land, with adjacent señoríos not necessarily being held by the same title-holder. This resulted in a complex patchwork of señoríos held by different title-holders. In addition, adjacent señoríos held by the same nobleman may have been of any one of these three types.

Secondly, concerning the Spanish naming system, at first sight it would seem that the use of patronymics, applied regularly and with consistency well into the 14th century, should compensate for the absence of toponymics. At least they mean that an individual's father's name can be deduced. However, the number of different names used is limited. There are therefore frequent duplications of name combinations. Given a series of references, for instance, to "Rodrigo Pérez" over an extended time-frame, it is difficult to decide how many different individuals are referred to and the breakpoints where references to one individual stop and another start. This effect is magnified over the generations. In the case of "Rodrigo Pérez", we know that Rodrigo's father was named Pedro, but there is no way of deciding which of the many individuals named Pedro this might be.

Thirdly in relation to the non-inheritability of titles, the title "conde" was granted by the king to an individual. It was not inheritable and was unconnected with any territorial holding. In addition, it could just as easily be awarded to a junior member of a family as to a first-born son. Individuals derived their right to govern a particular area not from their comital title but from the royal grant of a tenencia of the particular castle, town or location. In practice, the more important office-holders in the royal palace were generally appointed "conde", as were the holders of major accumulations of properties. During the first two centuries of the existence of the kingdom of Asturias, the surviving sources show only a handful of individuals with the title "conde". Gonzalo Martínez Díez has identified only six references to "condes" in the authentic primary source documentation during the period 711-910: the condes en Castilla (see CASTILE & LEÓN, COUNTS & KINGS), conde Rodrigo and his son Diego Rodríguez (see below in the present document), Gonzalo Téllez, Munio Núñez (see below), Gonzalo Fernández, and Vela Jiménez as conde de Álava (see the document NAVARRE NOBILITY)[2].

Fourthly, the Spanish inheritance laws provided for equal treatment between male and female heirs. In early medieval times, the concept of "family" for the Spanish nobility included relatives in the female line, which meant that agnatic noble dynasties developed much later in Spain than in other western European countries. This represents a further obstacle to successful family reconstitution, and adds confusion in the presentation of results. As will be seen below, an attempt has been made in some cases to collect sub-groups related through the female line with the main agnatic line families.

Lastly, the amount of information on family relationships included in available sources is limited. Charters which record donations to religious establishments, or property transfers between individuals, are numerous. In a limited number of cases, particularly relating to family property transfers, many individuals are named and some relationships specified. However, the vast majority of references to nobles are found in the long lists of subscribers whose names are set out at the end of these documents. Recording and sorting this information in spreadsheet format enables more connections to be identified than is possible by using manual methods. However, this is a time-consuming process and positive results are not guaranteed. Only a limited number of charter collections have been analysed fully during the course of preparing the present document. Many of the reconstructions shown below have been compiled from secondary sources, although such information has only been included when those sources cite primary source references. As further primary source cartularies are analysed, later versions of the present document will identify and explain the basis for speculative relationships.

An attempt has been made in the current version of this document to categorise the noble families by geographical area. It is relatively straight-forward to identity the place from which the families originated. However, with the multiplicity of land grants, as noted above, the centre of activity of a family, or of different branches of the same family, frequently changed. There is inevitably, therefore, a degree of inaccuracy in such categorisation.

The citations marked “Regestalia” in the end-notes are taken from extracts of cartularies between 711 and 1065, translated into Spanish, which appeared on the website “Proyecto Regestalia” which was presented by the Universidad de Alcalá[3]. This source did not include the names of subscribers to the charters in question. Unfortunately this data collection no longer appears to be available on-line[4].

Chapter 1. ASTURIAS

A. FAMILY of ANSUR GÓMEZ

1. GÓMEZ --- . m ---. The name of Gómez's wife is not known. Gómez & his wife had one child:

a) ANSUR Gómez (-[12 Mar 977/2 Sep 980]). Maiordomo 19 Sep 963, 4 Apr 970 and 12 Mar 977, "maybe a Benigómez", according to Salazar y Acha[5]. "Ansur et uxor Ilduara" bought property from the monks of San Martín by charter dated 20 Dec 973[6]. "Ansur" confirmed his donation to Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 976 which names his wife "Ildoara" and his sons "Pelagii et Petrus"[7]. "Ansur maiordomus in domo regis" confirmed the donation of part of the Villa Pedro to Sahagún monastery 12 Mar 977[8]. m firstly MARÍA, daughter of ---. m secondly ILDUARA, daughter of --- (-after 2 Sep 980). "Ansur et uxor Ilduara" bought property from the monks of San Martín by charter dated 20 Dec 973[9]. "Ansur" confirmed his donation to Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 976 which names his wife "Ildoara" and his sons "Pelagii et Petrus"[10]. "Ildonza viuda Ansuri" donated two villas in Asturias to Sahagún by charter dated 2 Sep 980[11]. Ansur & his [first/second] wife had two children:

i) PELAYO Ansúrez . "Ansur" confirmed his donation to Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 976 which names his wife "Ildoara" and his sons "Pelagii et Petrus"[12].

ii) PEDRO Ansúrez . "Ansur" confirmed his donation to Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 976 which names his wife "Ildoara" and his sons "Pelagii et Petrus"[13].

1. ÁLVARO --- . m ---. The name of Álvaro´s wife is not known. Álvaro & his wife had one child:

a) DIEGO Álvarez (-after 8 Dec 1029). “...Didacus Alvarii...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[14]. “Senior Didaco Alvarez de Barnuevo” donated property “de Racioncillo” to San Millán by charter dated 7 Dec [989], confirmed by “filiis meis Alvaro Didaco de Barnuevo et Vela...Senior Fortun Sanz, Senior Alvari Sanz, Senior Nuntio Alvarez”[15]. "Senior Didaco Alvarez de Asturias" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 8 Dec 1029, confirmed by "filiis meis Alvaro Didaco et Beila Didaco, sennor Fortun Sanchiz, sennor Azenari Sanchiz, sennor Nunno Alvarez"[16]. m ---. The name of Diego´s wife is not known. Diego & his wife had two children:

i) ÁLVARO Díaz (-after 8 Dec 1029). “Senior Didaco Alvarez de Barnuevo” donated property “de Racioncillo” to San Millán by charter dated 7 Dec [989], confirmed by “filiis meis Alvaro Didaco de Barnuevo et Vela...”[17]. "Senior Didaco Alvarez de Asturias" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 8 Dec 1029, confirmed by "filiis meis Alvaro Didaco et Beila Didaco…"[18]. same person as…? ÁLVARO Díaz “Marcelo” (-[17 Apr/3 Jul] 1072). The nobleman who is named “don Marcelo” is identified as Álvaro Díaz by Fortún Pérez de Ciriza[19]. His name is confirmed in the patronymic of his children referred to in several sources quoted below. The primary source which confirms his own patronymic has not yet been identified. If this identity is correct, it would be chronologically compatible for him to have been the same person as the son of Diego Álvarez de Asturias who is recorded in 1029. The origin of his surname “Marcelo” has not yet been ascertained. “…Sennor dompno Marcelle…” subscribed two charters for San Millán de la Cogolla dated 14 Mar 1046 and 17 Feb 1050[20]. Señor de Marañón.

- see below.

ii) VELA Díaz . “Senior Didaco Alvarez de Barnuevo” donated property “de Racioncillo” to San Millán by charter dated 7 Dec [989], confirmed by “filiis meis Alvaro Didaco de Barnuevo et Vela...”[21]. "Senior Didaco Alvarez de Asturias" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 8 Dec 1029, confirmed by "filiis meis Alvaro Didaco et Beila Didaco…"[22].

B. FAMILY of PELAYO FRÓILAZ "el Diácono"

Three brothers, parents not known.

1. FRUELA Jiménez . Conde. He founded the monastery of San Pedro de Teberga. m ---. The name of Fruela's wife is not known. Fruela & his wife had [three] children:

a) PELAYO Froílaz “el Diácono" (-after 4 Oct 1032). Conde.

- see below.

b) [PEDRO Froílaz (-after 16 Sep 1033). "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Razel" donated the monastery of Santiago y San Miguel Arcángel, León and other properties, including "la villa de Mansilla Mayor…fuit…de genitore meo Ruderigo Muniz", to León Cathedral by charter dated 12 Nov 1012, witnessed by "…Munnio Ruderiquiz dux, Munnio Munniz, Pinniolo Scemeniz, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Froilaz, Petro Flainiz"[23]. “...Pelagio Frolaz armiger...Peitro Frogilaz...Scemeno Frogilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[24]. Conde. “...Petro Froilaz comes...” confirmed the charter dated 30 Jun 1019 which records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[25]. “...Petrus Froilaz, Pelagius Froilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[26]. "…Petro Froilaz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[27]. “...Petrus Frolaz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 30 Dec 1028 under which Vermudo III King of León donated “villam...Cordario” to Santiago de Compostela[28]. “Comite Petro Fruelas, Pelagio Frueles...” subscribed the charter dated 16 Sep 1033 under which King Vermudo III granted “quos carta de ingenuidad” to “Manulphum connominato Vellito Aurilis...vassalus [de] Pelagium Frolas”[29].] m as her second husband, TERESA Muñoz, widow of GODESTEO Díaz, daughter of conde MUNIO Fernández [de Saldaña] & his wife Elvira Froilaz (-after 1049). "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[30]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[31]. "Tharasia Munioni filia…in coniugio Petro Froylas comite in terra Bergidensium…natus fuit filium…Pelagium" donated "in…villa de Orrea…monasterum" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 12 Mar 1048, witnessed by "Mumma domna prolis Godesteus"[32]. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Moma donna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1049[33]. Pedro & his wife had one child:

i) PELAYO Pérez (-before 12 Mar 1048). "Tharasia Munioni filia…in coniugio Petro Froylas comite in terra Bergidensium…natus fuit filium…Pelagium" donated "in…villa de Orrea…monasterum" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 12 Mar 1048, witnessed by "Mumma domna prolis Godesteus"[34].

c) [JIMENO Froílaz (-after 26 Feb 1022). “...Pelagio Frolaz armiger...Peitro Frogilaz...Scemeno Frogilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[35]. “...Pelagio Froyla...Xemenio Froylan...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[36].]

2. SANCHO Jiménez .

3. PIÑOLO Jiménez .

PELAYO Froílaz “el Diácono", son of FRUELA Jiménez & his wife --- (-after 4 Oct 1032). Alférez 11 Apr 1015-26 Feb 1020. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[37]. "…Pelagio Froilaz" confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1018 under which the abbot of Sahagún recited the foundation of the abbey and the confirmation of its privileges by King Alfonso V[38]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[39]. “...Pelagio Frolaz armiger...Peitro Frogilaz...Scemeno Frogilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[40]. “...Pelagius Froila armiger regis...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[41]. “...Pelagio Froyla...Xemenio Froylan...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[42]. “...Petrus Froilaz, Pelagius Froilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[43]. "…Pelagio Froilaz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[44]. Conde: Vermudo III King of León granted property to "Monio" by charter dated 24 May 1030, subscribed by "comes Velasco Almeiuce, comes Pelagyo Froilaz, Petro Flaginiz, Rodorigo Muniuz qui armiger regis, Fafila Petriz pincerna yn palacio, Anagin Veremudiz…"[45]. King Vermudo III exchanged “villa Lapeto qui fuit de abia mea regina domna Velasquita” with “comes Pelagio Froilaz et uxor vestra comitissa Ildontia Ordoniz” for “villa...Framilani que fuit de Monnio Didaz...in territorio Asma prope domo Sancto Iuliano” by charter dated 4 Oct 1032[46]. “Comite Petro Fruelas, Pelagio Frueles...” subscribed the charter dated 16 Sep 1033 under which King Vermudo III granted “quos carta de ingenuidad” to “Manulphum connominato Vellito Aurilis...vassalus [de] Pelagium Frolas”[47]. [Torres suggests that the following charter refers to Pelayo Froílaz “el Diácono”[48]: “Meleke cognomento Velite et Michael” sold property “in territorio Legionense de nostros avios iusta flumen Porma in Uilla Torelle” to “Froila Xemenez et filiis meis Pelaii [...filii mei Pelagio]” by charter dated [11] Apr 1048[49]. There are two apparent difficulties with this hypothesis. Firstly, the document refers to “filii mei Pelagio”: it is difficult from the context the person to whom “mei” can apply. Secondly, the first purchaser is “Froila Xemenez”: if this refers to the father of Pelayo Froílaz “el Diácono”, he would have been extremely old at the time, assuming that the sale recorded in the charter was contemporary with the document.]

m ([1013]) ALDONZA Ordóñez, daughter of ORDOÑO Ramírez de León & his wife Cristina Vermúdez de León (-after 1050). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "Alfonso Ordóñez, Sancha Ordóñez and countess Eldonza who was the wife of Pelayo Froílaz who was a deacon" as the children of "the son of the Infante Ramiro, the Infante Ordoño, who was blind" & his wife[50]. The Chronicon Mundi of Lucas Tudensis names "Adefonsum…Ordonium, Pelagiam comitissam et Eldonciam" as the children of "Christina…ex infante Ordonio cœco filio Ramiri regis", adding that "Eldonciam" married "Pelagii Froylæ"[51]. King Vermudo III exchanged “villa Lapeto qui fuit de abia mea regina domna Velasquita” with “comes Pelagio Froilaz et uxor vestra comitissa Ildontia Ordoniz” for “villa...Framilani que fuit de Monnio Didaz...in territorio Asma prope domo Sancto Iuliano” by charter dated 4 Oct 1032[52].

Pelayo & his wife had eight children:

1. JIMENA Peláez (-after 16 Jul 1095). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "count Pedro Peláez, Ordoño Peláez, Pelayo Peláez, Muño Peláez, and the mother of count Suero and his brothers, and countess Teresa of Carrión who built the church of San Zoilo" as the children of "Pelayo Froílaz" & his wife[53]. Her name is confirmed by the charter under which “Veremutus Ovequiz et uxor eius Xemena” donated property to Corias[54]. “Suarius Veremutiz cum fratribus suis Adefonso et Guterrius, Maior Gondisalviz, Scemena Pelagii…” are named in a document of Cornellana dated 16 Jul 1095[55]. m conde VERMUDO Ovéquiz, son of conde OVECO Vermúdez & his wife Elvira Suárez (-after 1092).

2. ELVIRA Peláez . She named her parents in a document of the Cathedral of Oviedo[56]. She died before her mother, who donated property for the soul of her daughter Elvira in a document of the Cathedral of Oviedo[57]. m MUNIO Fernández, son of --- (-after 26 Mar 1071). "…Muninus Fernandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jun 1066 under which "Urraca Fredenandi principis filia" donated property "in valle de vice territorio Portugale" to Santiago de Compostela[58]. “...Monio Fernandiz, Fernando Fernandiz” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[59]. “...Munio Fredenandiz..." subscribed the charter dated 26 Mar 1071 under which King Sancho II granted privileges to “Veremundo Sandinez de monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ”[60]. Munio & his wife had one child:

a) ALDONZA Muñoz (-after 23 May 1097). A charter dated 1082 names “duo comites magni: Vela Ovequiz et Ruderico Ovequiz cum Aldoncia et Tota uxores suorum et cum sorore sua comitissa Oneca Ovequiz…de patre nostro comes Oveco Vermudez”[61]. She identified her parents in her 1092 testament[62]. “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Munio et Geluira” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Auosot discurrente rio Sicco prope aulam Sancti Saluatoris...” to Sahagún by charter dated 23 May 1097[63]. m VELA Ovéquiz, son of conde OVECO Vermúdez & his wife Elvira Suárez (-[killed in battle Zalaca 23 Oct 1086]).

3. TERESA Peláez (-3 Oct 1093). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "count Pedro Peláez, Ordoño Peláez, Pelayo Peláez, Muño Peláez, and the mother of count Suero and his brothers, and countess Teresa of Carrión who built the church of San Zoilo" as the children of "Pelayo Froílaz" & his wife[64]. "Homines de Villanova et de Torres…" sold property to "comite Gomez Didaz et uxori vestre comitissa domna Tarasia" by charter dated 8 Nov 1057[65]. "Tarasia comitissa" donated the monastery of San Zoilo de Carrión to Cluny dated 1 Aug 1076 (confirmed dated 29 Jan 1077) with her seven children, naming their father "comitis Gomis Didas"[66]. The Annales Compostellani record the death “V Non Oct” in 1093 of “Tarasia Comitisa”, adding that she built the church of San Zoilo de Carrión[67]. m GÓMEZ Díaz conde de Carrión, son of DIEGO Fernández & his wife Marina [Ansúrez] (-1057).

4. MARÍA Peláez (-1100 or after). “Maria Pelaiz” chose her burial at Arlanza and donated property “in Torre de Agomar...fuit de meo senior Alvaro Gundesalviz” by charter dated 1091[68]. Her husband refers to her and her parents in a document of the Cathedral of Oviedo[69]. She made donations to the Cathedral of Oviedo up to 1100[70]. m ÁLVARO González, son of --- (-before 1091).

5. MUNIO Peláez (-after 1070). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” confirmed that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, adding that “Munio Pelaez, Ordonio Pelaiz, Petrus Pelaiz, Pelagius Pelaiz fuerunt filios de Pelagio Froilaz et comitissa domna Eslonza”, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[71]. Tenente of Toro and Zamora in 1060[72].

6. ORDOÑO Peláez (-after 7 Mar 1069). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "count Pedro Peláez, Ordoño Peláez, Pelayo Peláez, Muño Peláez, and the mother of count Suero and his brothers, and countess Teresa of Carrión who built the church of San Zoilo" as the children of "Pelayo Froílaz" & his wife[73]. “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” confirmed that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, adding that “Munio Pelaez, Ordonio Pelaiz, Petrus Pelaiz, Pelagius Pelaiz fuerunt filios de Pelagio Froilaz et comitissa domna Eslonza”, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[74]. Alférez of Sancho II King of Castile 21 Dec 1063 to 11 Sep 1064. "…Petrus Pelaiz comes…Ordonius Pelaiz…" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jun 1066 under which "Urraca Fredenandi principis filia" donated property "in valle de vice territorio Portugale" to Santiago de Compostela[75]. He is last named in a document dated 7 Mar 1069[76].

7. PEDRO Peláez (-[22 Mar 1096/20 Feb 1097]). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "count Pedro Peláez, Ordoño Peláez, Pelayo Peláez, Muño Peláez, and the mother of count Suero and his brothers, and countess Teresa of Carrión who built the church of San Zoilo" as the children of "Pelayo Froílaz" & his wife[77]. “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” confirmed that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, adding that “Munio Pelaez, Ordonio Pelaiz, Petrus Pelaiz, Pelagius Pelaiz fuerunt filios de Pelagio Froilaz et comitissa domna Eslonza”, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[78]. Alférez of Fernando I King of Castile 3 Jun 1049 to 9 Jun 1058. Conde. "…Petrus Pelaiz comes…Ordonius Pelaiz…" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jun 1066 under which "Urraca Fredenandi principis filia" donated property "in valle de vice territorio Portugale" to Santiago de Compostela[79]. "Pelagio" donated property "in Priaranza…Pausata" to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes, and "Gelvira" donated a vine at Priaranza "propter remedium viro meo…Pelagio Condus", by charter dated 28 Jul 1076[80]. “Petrus Pelaiz comes...” confirmed the charter dated 12 Mar 1079 under which King Alfonso VI confirmed the possessions of San Vicente de Oviedo[81]. "...Petrus Pelaiz commes..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[82]. “...Petrus Pelaiz comes, Pelagius Pelagiz...” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1080 under which “Comitissa Gunterodo...cum filia mea comitissa Maior Froilaz et filiis suis neptis meis Froila Didaz et Antoninus Didaz” donated “monasterio...in Asturias in valle de Orna...Sancti Antonini” to Oviedo[83]. "Comes Petro Pelayz et comitissa domna Geloyra" donated property in Jagoaza de Valeorras to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes by charter dated 22 Mar 1096[84]. m ELVIRA ---, daughter of (-after 22 Mar 1096). "Comes Petro Pelayz et comitissa domna Geloyra" donated property in Jagoaza de Valeorras to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes by charter dated 22 Mar 1096[85]. Pedro & his wife had two children:

a) PELAYO Pérez (-after 20 Feb 1097). “...Pelagius Petriz et eius soror Geluira” confirmed the charter dated 20 Feb 1097 under which “Mummadonna cognomento Maior Gunsalviz” donated the monastery of San Pedro de Teverga to Oviedo, “iure perhenni ut ego et vir meus Pelagius Pelagiz et prosapia nostra apud Deum mereamur invenire mercedem copiosam”[86].

b) ELVIRA Pérez (-after 20 Feb 1097). She confirmed a donation in 1095 in which she does not refer to her father, taken by Torres Sevilla as an indication that he had died by then[87], although that speculation is contradicted by the charter dated 22 Mar 1096 quoted above. “...Pelagius Petriz et eius soror Geluira” confirmed the charter dated 20 Feb 1097 under which “Mummadonna cognomento Maior Gunsalviz” donated the monastery of San Pedro de Teverga to Oviedo, “iure perhenni ut ego et vir meus Pelagius Pelagiz et prosapia nostra apud Deum mereamur invenire mercedem copiosam”[88]. m SANCHO ---, son of ---. No indication has yet been found of his patronymic. Sancho & his wife had two children:

i) ANSUR Sánchez . Named with his brother as grandchildren of Pelayo Froílaz. Although their parents are not named, Torres Sevilla considers that they must be children of Elvira Pérez, presumably by process of elimination of the other possibilities[89].

ii) SANCHO Sánchez . Named with his brother as grandchildren of Pelayo Froílaz. Although their parents are not named, Torres Sevilla considers that they must be children of Elvira Pérez, presumably by process of elimination of the other possibilities[90].

8. PELAYO Peláez (-[1092/95]). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "count Pedro Peláez, Ordoño Peláez, Pelayo Peláez, Muño Peláez, and the mother of count Suero and his brothers, and countess Teresa of Carrión who built the church of San Zoilo" as the children of "Pelayo Froílaz" & his wife[91]. “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” confirmed that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, adding that “Munio Pelaez, Ordonio Pelaiz, Petrus Pelaiz, Pelagius Pelaiz fuerunt filios de Pelagio Froilaz et comitissa domna Eslonza”, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[92]. “...Petrus Pelaiz comes, Pelagius Pelagiz...” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1080 under which “Comitissa Gunterodo...cum filia mea comitissa Maior Froilaz et filiis suis neptis meis Froila Didaz et Antoninus Didaz” donated “monasterio...in Asturias in valle de Orna...Sancti Antonini” to Oviedo[93]. m MUNIADOMNA [Mayor] González, daughter of [GONZALO Salvadórez & his first wife Elvira ---] (-after 20 Feb 1097). “Mummadonna cognomento Maior Gunsalviz” donated the monastery of San Pedro de Teverga to Oviedo, “iure perhenni ut ego et vir meus Pelagius Pelagiz et prosapia nostra apud Deum mereamur invenire mercedem copiosam”, by charter dated 20 Feb 1097, confirmed by “...Gundissalvus Pelagiz et eius soror Eldoncia...”[94]. Her parentage is not certain. However, the combination of her names “Muniadomna” and “Mayor” suggests that she may have been the daughter of Gonzalo Salvadórez who is named in two charters: . “Doña Ticlo et Didagus Goncalvez...et filii Gonçalvo Salvadorez et dona Elvira id sunt: dona Godo et dona Tota et dona Moma et Duenna et Garsea et Gudesteus...Ego dona Ticlo et filiis meis vel supradictis nepotis meis” donated “portione de...salinas de Ferrerola...tres partes” to Valvanera by charter dated 25 Jun 1074[95], and "Gonzalo Salvador…con mi tia doña Tido", for "mis fijos Garci Gonzalez e Gusto Gonzalez, e…mis fijas doña Godo e doña Todo e doña Mayor, que me dexó doña Elvira su madre", confirmed the possessions of San Martín de Escalada by undated charter[96]. This suggestion appears corroborated by the Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris which records that "the Asturian Count Gonzalo Peláez...[and] his kinsman Rodrigo Gómez" rebelled in 1132, that Rodrigo Gómez was captured, stripped of his lordship and banished[97]. If the mother of Gonzalo Peláez was the sister conde Gómez González, Gonzalo Peláez and Rodrigo Gómez would have been first cousins. Pelayo & his wife had [three] children:

a) GONZALO Peláez (-in Portugal Mar 1138, bur Oviedo). “Mummadonna cognomento Maior Gunsalviz” donated the monastery of San Pedro de Teverga to Oviedo, “iure perhenni ut ego et vir meus Pelagius Pelagiz et prosapia nostra apud Deum mereamur invenire mercedem copiosam”, by charter dated 20 Feb 1097, confirmed by “...Gundissalvus Pelagiz et eius soror Eldoncia...”[98]. Queen Urraca appointed him governor of Asturias de Oviedo from [1110/13][99]. Queen Urraca granted “rengalengo...in Uilla Muza...in ripa de Aradoii et Uillazan et Uilar” to “fideli meo Gonsaluo Pelagii et uxori tue Maiori Moniz” by charter dated 18 Nov 1118[100]. The dating clause of a charter dated 1125, under which "Maior Ruderici comitissa comitis Ruderici et comitisse Tharasie filia" donated half of the monastery of Santa María de Feleyta and other churches to Sahagún monastery, records “...Comite Domno Ruderico in Campos et in Asturiis Sancte Juliane, Gunzalvo Pelayz in Asturiis Oveti...”[101]. The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "…Count Gonzalo Peláez and Pedro Peláez de Valderas…" swore allegiance to Alfonso VII King of Castile after his accession in 1126, specifying that Gonzalo Peláez was "lord of the region of Asturias"[102]. Alférez of Alfonso VII King of Castile 22 Nov 1131 to 8 Mar 1132[103]. The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "the Asturian Count Gonzalo Peláez...[and] his kinsman Rodrigo Gómez" rebelled in 1132, that Gonzalo Peláez fled to Asturias and was besieged in Tudela which he surrendered, but that he continued the rebellion in Proaza, Buanga and Alba de Quirós[104]. If the speculated parentage of Gonzalo Peláez´s mother, Muniadomna [Mayor] González, is correct as discussed above, Rodrigo Gómez would have been the first cousin of Gonzalo Pérez. His property was redistributed in Jul 1135[105]. Alfonso VII King of Castile granted various properties, which had belonged to “Gonzaluo Pelaiez”, to "comiti Roderico Gonzaluez et uxori tue comittisse Stephanie Armengol et…comiti Roderici Martinez et uxori tue comitisse Urraca" by charter dated Jul 1135[106]. Gonzalo Peláez must have been reconciled with the king soon afterwards as shown by the following document: "...Comes Gunzalviz Pelaiz..." subscribed the charter dated 1136 which records the settlement of a dispute between Sahagún and “Maria Gomez et filios suos super villa Vincentii” before King Alfonso VII[107]. The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "having made peace with the king twice, Count Gonzalo lied and rebelled", dated to [1137] from the context of the passage, and that “Pedro Alfonso...captured Count Gonzalo and...sent him in chains to the castle of Aguilar” from where he was released, banished and “went to Portugal to King Alfonso...with the intention that from there he could wage war by sea on Asturias and Galicia”, but “the count was seized by a fever and died a foreigner in a foreign land” although “his knights bore away his corpse and buried him in Oviedo”[108]. An obituario in Oviedo cathedral records the death in Mar 1138 of “Gundisalvus Pelagii comes”[109]. [m MAYOR Muñoz, daughter of ---. Queen Urraca granted “rengalengo...in Uilla Muza...in ripa de Aradoii et Uillazan et Uilar” to “fideli meo Gonsaluo Pelagii et uxori tue Maiori Moniz” by charter dated 18 Nov 1118[110]. Barton comments that the co-identity with Gonzalo Peláez of Asturias is not certain[111].]

b) ALDONZA Peláez . “Mummadonna cognomento Maior Gunsalviz” donated the monastery of San Pedro de Teverga to Oviedo, “iure perhenni ut ego et vir meus Pelagius Pelagiz et prosapia nostra apud Deum mereamur invenire mercedem copiosam”, by charter dated 20 Feb 1097, confirmed by “...Gundissalvus Pelagiz et eius soror Eldoncia...”[112]. m (before 1097) PEDRO García, son of GARCÍA --- & his wife --- (-after 1131). Alférez 1131[113].

c) [PEDRO Peláez de Valderas . The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "…Count Gonzalo Peláez and Pedro Peláez de Valderas…" swore allegiance to Alfonso VII King of Castile after his accession in 1126[114]. The source does not specify any family relationship between the two. The common patronymic suggests that they may have been brothers, but this is not beyond doubt.]

C. VELA FAMILY

Two contradictory theories have been proposed about the origin of the family which is usually named, as a convenient reference, “Vela”. The first is based on a possible descent from a noble family in Álava. Lucas de Tuy (dated to [1236]) records that "in Castella et in Alaua adolescens...comes generosus...Vela" rebelled against Fernando González Conde de Castilla (dated therefore to some time in the mid-10th century) and sought refuge "ad Sarracenos" after he was expelled from the county[115]. This “comes...Vela” has not been identified in earlier primary sources, but his name suggests a family connection with Vela Jiménez Conde en Álava who lived in the late 9th century (see the document VIZCAYA). Salazar Acha, in his study of the Vela family in León, doubts the historical accuracy of Tuy´s passage and suggests that Vela was a literary creation, although maybe representing an amalgam of different historical personages, probably inspired by the epic Romanz del Infant García which romanticises the assassination of García Sánchez Conde de Castilla in 1029 by the sons of “Conde Vela”[116]. This assassination is also recorded by Lucas de Tuy who states that "Burgensium...comite...infante Garsia" arrived in León to marry Sancha, sister of Vermudo III King of León, but was killed by "filii Velæ comitis"[117]. Nevertheless, as shown below, a possible family group of seven brothers and sisters (Vela Núñez being the oldest) in the mid-10th century can be reconstructed in León from documentary evidence from the monastery of Sahagún dated from 945 onwards.

The other theory, which has found wide support[118], is that Vela Núñez and his siblings were the children of Nuño Ordóñez, son of Ordoño I King of Asturias. This is seen by some as a more convincing explanation for the family's influence at the court of León during the second half of the 10th century, and of the royal and nobles marriages made by the daughters of the family.

There is no proof either way. To the extent that onomastics can play a part in the debate, the absence of the typically Leonese names Alfonso, Ordoño and Ramiro in the Vela family may be significant, as well as the fact that the name Vela is evidently not one which came from the royal family of León. However, the foundation by the family of the monastery of San Miguel de Barcena indicates a strong connection with Asturias.

At a later date, the family based themselves in Galicia, where the brothers Vela and Rodrigo Ovéquiz supported the deposed García King of Galicia in a rebellion in 1087 which started in Santiago de Compostela and spread to Lugo which the rebels captured. The documentation of Lugo cathedral specifies that the father of these brothers was conde Oveco Vermúdez of Galicia.

[Seven possible siblings]. The sibling relationship between the seven persons shown below in square brackets is suggested by Salazar Acha, based on their names of five of them appearing consecutively in the same charters[119]. None of the documentation specifies the family relationship between these individuals, but the resulting reconstruction appears convincing. Salazar Acha suggests a hypothetical “Nuño Vélaz” as their father, assuming that the supposed oldest brother Vela Núñez (whose seniority in the family is assumed from his being named first in the subscription lists) was named after his paternal grandfather[120]. Salazar Acha further suggests that this hypothetical person may have been the brother of Munio Vélaz Conde de Álava, who is named in the dating clause of a charter of the monastery of Valpuesta dated 18 May 919 “comite Monnio Uigilazi in Alaba”[121] (see the document VIZCAYA). This hypothesis is unsupported by documentary proof but, according to Salazar Acha, echoes curiously a historical legend concerning the family background which was first documented in the 13th century (see the Introduction to the present section)[122]. From a chronological point of view, the hypothesis does not appear consistent with the co-identity of Munio Velaz Conde de Álava with Munio Conde de Vizcaya (suggested in the document VIZCAYA), whose known children would have been many years younger than their supposed first cousins, the children of this hypothetical “Nuño Velaz”.

1. [VELA Núñez (-after 25 May [950]). While there is no certainty about the early life of Vela Núñez, from a chronological point of view he could have been the same person as Vela Conde [in Álava]: Lucas de Tuy (dated to [1236]) records that "in Castella et in Alaua adolescens...comes generosus...Vela" rebelled against Fernando González Conde de Castilla (dated therefore to some time after 932 at the earliest) and sought refuge "ad Sarracenos" after he was expelled from the county[123]. This “comes...Vela” has not been identified in earlier primary sources in Álava, but his name suggests a family connection with Vela Jiménez Conde de Álava (see the document VIZCAYA). Salazar Acha, in his study of the Vela family in León, doubts the historical accuracy of this passage and suggests that Vela was a literary creation, although maybe representing an amalgam of different historical personages, probably inspired by the epic Romanz del Infant García which recounts the assassination of García Sánchez Conde de Castilla in 1029 by the sons of “Conde Vela”[124]. However, the coincidence of name and chronology suggests that there may be some truth in the Tuy account. [“Gundissalbo Telliz...cum uxor mea Flamula” donated “serna...in Peternales” to San Pedro de Cardeñas by charter dated 24 Sep 902, subscribed by “...Gutterre, Assuri, Beila Nuniz…”[125]. This charter is dated early for it to refer to the same Vela Núñez who is named in the following sources, although there is always the possibility that the document is misdated. No other reference to an earlier Vela Núñez has been found.] "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…"[126]. As noted above, the order of the names (uninterrupted by other subscribers) and the common patronymic suggest that these four may have been brothers. Conde. A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”[127]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[128].] m TOTILDE, daughter of ---. A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”[129]. Vela & his wife had [six] children (Lucas de Tuy states that "Burgensium...comite...infante Garsia" arrived in León to marry Sancha, sister of Vermudo III King of León, but was killed by "filii Velæ comitis"[130], who (assuming that this passage is historically accurate, about which there is considerable doubt) would have been the sons of Vela Núñez.]:

a) VERMUDO Vela (-after 28 Aug 945, bur San Miguel de Bárcena). A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”[131]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…Oveccus Munniz, Nunno Munniz, Vermudo Vegiliz, Fredenandus Virmudiz…"[132].

b) [GODESTEO Vela . He witnessed the 945 document of his presumed uncle Bishop Oveco[133].]

c) SANCHO Vela . A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”[134]. m ---. The name of Sancho's wife is not known. Sancho & his wife had [one child]:

i) [OVECO Sánchez (-after 999, bur San Miguel de Bárcena). “Froila Uigilani, Oueco Santii...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 963 under which King Sancho I donated the church of San Marcelo “in suburbio Legionense...ad portam Cauriensem” to León Santa María[135]. “...Ouecus Sanctii...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[136]. He confirmed a document dated 999[137]. A document records that “comite Oveco Sanxix” was buried in the monastery of San Miguel de Bárcena[138], which suggests that his parentage is probably correct as shown here as the monastery was founded by his supposed paternal grandparents. An undated charter at Corias records that “comite dompno Ouevo et...comitissa dompna Eilo” donated “in Neiraualle in loco...Palacio villa...Senias” on the marriage of “sue sobrine domine Legundie” [not yet identified][139].] m EILO, daughter of ---. An undated charter at Corias records that “comite dompno Ouevo et...comitissa dompna Eilo” donated “in Neiraualle in loco...Palacio villa...Senias” on the marriage of “sue sobrine domine Legundie” [not yet identified][140]. Oveco & his wife had one child:

(a) ELVIRA Ovéquiz . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated 24 Jul 1046 which refers to property which “comitissa domna Gelvira et…viro suo Didaco Fredenandi” inherited from “comite domno Oveco et domna Eilo”, another charter dated 19 Apr 1058 specifying that “conde Oveco Sanchez” was father of Elvira[141]. m as his first wife, conde DIEGO Fernández, son of --- (-[before 24 Jul 1046]).

d) OVECO Vela . A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”[142].

e) JIMENA Vela . A charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”, and adding that Jimena Vela was “mater comitissa Aragonti de qua...natus est Piniolus comes”[143]. m ---. Salazar Acha suggests[144], for onomastic reasons, that the name of the husband of Jimena Vélaz was Piñolo Gundemáriz, son of Gundemar --- & his wife --- (after 26 Jan 962).

f) FRUELA Vela (-after 23 Apr 978). A document names “comites Vermuto Velaz et Froila Velaz” as founders of the monastery of San Miguel de Bárcena[145]. “Gundesindus Froiani et comyti...Ranimirus...princeps, Frunymius, Hordonius prolis regis, Uirmundus Nunniz, Froyla Uigilaniz” confirmed the charter dated 22 Apr 932 under which “Benedicti presbiter cognomento Pascale et mater mea Coreiscia” donated “villa...Matella et alius terras in Morella suburbio territorio Legionense...”[146]. He confirmed a donation of Ordoño III King of León 17 Jun 950[147]. “Dominico et Mahamuth” sold “uilla...Sancti Laurenti” to “Froila Uegilaz et uxori uestra Scemena” by charter dated 5 Mar 959[148]. Conde from 1 Dec 959. Mayordomo 16 Mar 962, 19 Feb 969 and 23 Apr 978[149]. “Froila Uigilani...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 963 under which King Sancho I donated the church of San Marcelo “in suburbio Legionense...ad portam Cauriensem” to León Santa María[150]. “Froila Uegilat...” confirmed the charter dated 17 Sep 968 under which Ramiro III King of León donated “de comitatu de Mera III, de Nallare IV...et Parriga media et IV de comitato Nemitos” to Sobrado[151]. “...Froilani Uigilani...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[152]. “Froila Uigilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[153]. “Comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “villa Leocadi...villam...Garrio...villam Sancti Jacobi de Felgueras...cum monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to León San Salvador by charter dated 14 Mar 976[154]. “...Froila Uigilani...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[155]. m firstly (before 13 Mar 959) JIMENA, daughter of --- (-after 23 Jun 964). “Dominico et Mahamuth” sold “uilla...Sancti Laurenti” to “Froila Uegilaz et uxori uestra Scemena” by charter dated 5 Mar 959[156]. She and her husband received the villa of Gomá in 24 Jun 963, and are mentioned together for the last time 23 Jun 964[157]. m secondly EILO, daughter of ---. She is named as the wife of Fruela Vela in the 18 Jul 1047 document of her granddaughter Aldonza Muñoz, wife of Piniolo Jiménez[158]. m thirdly GISLAVARA ---, daughter of --- (-after 14 Mar 976). “Comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “villa Leocadi...villam...Garrio...villam Sancti Jacobi de Felgueras...cum monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to León San Salvador by charter dated 14 Mar 976[159]. Fruela & his first wife had [three] children:

i) [OVECO Froílaz (-after 16 Jun 977). “...Ovecus Froylani...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[160]. He confirmed the 16 Jun 977 document of Ramiro III King of León to the monastery of Sahagún[161].]

ii) [VELA Froílaz (-after 984). He confirmed Totadomna's 24 Sep 984 sale to the monastery of Sahagún[162].]

iii) ELVIRA Froílaz (-[1016]). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 31 Aug 1038 under which [her daughter and son-in-law] "Rudericus prolis Galindi et Sancia prolis Monioni Fredenandi" donated "villa Sancti Laurentii…qui fuit de avio meo Froila Vigilazi…" to León Cathedral[163]. It is assumed that Elvira Froílaz was the daughter of her father's first marriage because of the approximate date of her own marriage. "Gundisaluus et uxor mea Elo" donated "vineas in villa…Taurale in locum…Ualle" to "Munniu Fernandiz et uxor tue Geluira" by charter dated 13 Jan 993[164]. m (before [980]) conde MUNIO Fernández de Saldaña Conde de Astorga, son of FERNANDO Díaz & his wife Mansuara Fáfilaz (-[1013/19 Dec 1016]).

Fruela & his second wife had one child:

iv) ANDERQUINA Froílaz . She is named, together with her parents, in the 18 Jul 1047 charter of her daughter Aldonza: “La condesa Aldonza…cum viro meo comite Piniolo Scemeniz” donated “la villa de Andoriga de abio nostro Froila Velaz et de abia nostra domna Eylo et de parentes nostros comites Monnio Roderiquiz et Inderquina” to San Vicente de Oviedo by charter dated 18 Jul 1047[165]. m MUNIO Rodríguez "Canis", son of --- (-after 26 Feb 1020).

2. [OVECO Núñez (-951). Bishop of León from 927. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Munius Godesteiz, Ovecco Munniz…Vermudus Nunniz…"[166]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "……Suarius Nuniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunus Nuniz…Obeco Muniz…Vermudo Nuniz…"[167]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…"[168]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[169].]

3. [SUERO Núñez (-after 15 May 951). "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[170]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Munius Godesteiz, Ovecco Munniz…Vermudus Nunniz…"[171]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "……Suarius Nuniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunus Nuniz…Obeco Muniz…Vermudo Nuniz…"[172]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…"[173]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[174]. “Fredenandus Gundessalviz, Didaco Monniuz, Pelagio Gundesalviz, Ruderico Guterriz, Osorius Guterriz, Aurelius Baronzelliz, Suarius Nunnio, Monnio Nunniz, Nunno Nunniz, Monnio Gudesteuz, Oveco Moniuz, Roderico Fredenandiz, Uzua Ennequiz” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 951 under which King Ordoño III donated "villa de Matella" to Sahagún[175].] m ---. The name of Suero's wife is not known. Suero & his wife had [one possible child]:

a) [OVECO Suárez (-after 976). He witnessed a 976 document of Fernando Ansúrez [his possible first cousin, son of Gontroda, probable sister of Suero Núñez (see below)][176]. Salazar Acha notes that Oveco’s patronymic indicates that he could have been the son of Suero Núñez[177].]

4. [MUNIO Núñez (-before 22 Apr 964). "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[178]. A charter dated 25 Jun 938 records the settlement of a dispute between the monastery of Valdevimbre and “Gondemaro” concerning an aqueduct and mills, subscribed by “Monio Nuniz, Vermudo Nuniz...”[179]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Munius Godesteiz, Ovecco Munniz…Vermudus Nunniz…"[180]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "……Suarius Nuniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunus Nuniz…Obeco Muniz…Vermudo Nuniz…"[181]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…"[182]. “Leuuildi...et...iermano meo Ermegildo” exchanged “in villa Talecias...ubi abolus meus Steuanus et Leocadia auitavit” for "terra in Talecias in loco...Campizo" with “Munio Nunizi et uxori uestre Paterne” by charter dated 24 Mar 949[183]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[184]. “...Suarius Nunnio, Monnio Nunniz, Nunno Nunniz, Monnio Gudesteuz, Oveco Moniuz...” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 951 under which King Ordoño III donated "villa de Matella" to Sahagún[185].] m PATERNA ---, daughter of --- (-after 964). “Leuuildi...et...iermano meo Ermegildo” exchanged “in villa Talecias...ubi abolus meus Steuanus et Leocadia auitavit” for "terra in Talecias in loco...Campizo" with “Munio Nunizi et uxori uestre Paterne” by charter dated 24 Mar 949[186]. Ordoño IV King of León refers to her as his "aunt" and Salazar Acha suggests that she may have been the niece of Queen Elvira Menéndez[187]. She is named without her husband in a document dated 22 Apr 964, which suggests that he had died before then[188]. Munio & his wife had [three] children:

a) [OVECO Muñoz (-after 970). "Obeco Muniz, Ruderico Fredenandiz, Uzua Enne[co]z, Virmundus Nuniz, Munius Froilaniz, Fortes Iustiz, Braolo Braoliz, Froila Pinioliz" confirmed the charter dated 3 Apr 945 under which King Ramiro II donated property to Sahagún[189]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…Oveccus Munniz, Nunno Munniz, Vermudo Vegiliz, Fredenandus Virmudiz…"[190]. “...Suarius Nunnio, Monnio Nunniz, Nunno Nunniz, Monnio Gudesteuz, Oveco Moniuz...” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 951 under which King Ordoño III donated "villa de Matella" to Sahagún[191]. He is named in the 28 Jul 955 donations of his presumed uncle Vermudo Núñez to the monastery of Sahagún [192]. His last appearance is in 970[193].]

b) [NUÑO Muñoz (-after 28 Aug 945). "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…Oveccus Munniz, Nunno Munniz, Vermudo Vegiliz, Fredenandus Virmudiz…"[194].]

c) [GUTIERRE Muñoz (-after 970). He appears in a document at Sahagún in 970 jointly with his presumed brother Oveco Muñoz[195].]

5. [VERMUDO Núñez (-[Aug or after] 955). "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[196].]

- see below.

6. [NUÑO Núñez (-after 960). "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[197]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Munius Godesteiz, Ovecco Munniz…Vermudus Nunniz…"[198]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "……Suarius Nuniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunus Nuniz…Obeco Muniz…Vermudo Nuniz…"[199]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[200]. “...Suarius Nunnio, Monnio Nunniz, Nunno Nunniz, Monnio Gudesteuz, Oveco Moniuz...” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 951 under which King Ordoño III donated "villa de Matella" to Sahagún[201]. He is named in a 960 document at León[202].]

7. [GONTRODA . “Assur Fredinandiz comes et uxor mea Guntroda cum filiis nostris” donated “fontem...Aderata in termino de Sacramenia” to San Pedro de Cardeñas by charter dated 26 Dec 943, witnessed by “Fredinando Assuriz, Obeco Assuriz, Munio Assuriz, Osorio Munnioz...Guttier Assuriz, Gundisalbo Assuriz...”[203]. Salazar Acha suggests her parentage for onomastics reasons only, the names of her children recalling those of her supposed brothers[204]. m conde ANSUR Fernández, son of conde FERNANDO Ansúrez & his wife Muniadomna --- (-after 3 Apr 945).]

VERMUDO Vélaz, son of VELA Vermúdez & his wife --- (-before 26 Jan 1027, bur Lugo). The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[205]. He confirmed a donation of King Vermudo II in 992, and various donations of King Alfonso V in 998, 1000, 1012 and 1017. He was named as Conde in another donation 29 Oct 1024, when he was at Tuy in Galicia.

m ELVIRA Pinioliz, daughter of PIÑOLO Gundemáriz & his wife [Jimena Vélaz] (-after 1034). “La condesa Elvira Pinioliz” donated the villa of Gomean to the church of Lugo, for the soul of her husband “conde Vermudo Velaz” buried in the monastery, by charter dated 26 Jan 1027[206]. The same donation was ratified by another charter dated 1034 which is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[207]. In another document dated 1034, she mentions Adosinda, Gotina and Mansuara Vermúdez presumed to be her daughters [208].

Conde Vermudo Vélaz & his wife had [seven] children:

1. [VELA Vermúdez (-after 1 Sep 1056). Salazar Acha suggests that he was the oldest son of Vermudo Vela, not named in his mother's 1034 document, but named as the owner of properties around the river Curonio between 1016 and 1045 [209]. The suggestion appears corroborated by the charter dated 15 May 1011, under which "Pelayo Uermudici" donated "villas…abuit de abolus meus et parentorum meorum Uermudo Uelaci in territorio Leonessis iusta flumine Quronio…et alia villa in Pormula in Matta de Ero Uermudizi et mia Pelayo Uermudici" to "uxori mea Godina", confirmed by "Ueila Uermudici…" [who would have been the donor´s brother][210].]

- see below.

2. OVECO Vermúdez (-1042 or after). A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[211]. Conde. 1034/1042.

- see below.

3. PELAYO Vermúdez (-after 1034). "Pelayo Uermudici" donated "villas…abuit de abolus meus et parentorum meorum Uermudo Uelaci in territorio Leonessis iusta flumine Quronio…et alia villa in Pormula in Matta de Ero Uermudizi et mia Pelayo Uermudici" to "uxori mea Godina" by charter dated 15 May 1011, confirmed by "Ueila Uermudici, Ueila Trasuendici, Uelasco Suarici, Obego Eriz"[212]. A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[213]. m (before 15 May 1011) GOTINA ---, daughter of ---. "Pelayo Uermudici" donated "villas…abuit de abolus meus et parentorum meorum Uermudo Uelaci in territorio Leonessis iusta flumine Quronio…et alia villa in Pormula in Matta de Ero Uermudizi et mia Pelayo Uermudici" to "uxori mea Godina" by charter dated 15 May 1011[214].

4. ERO Vermúdez (-before 15 May 1011). "Pelayo Uermudici" donated "villas…abuit de abolus meus et parentorum meorum Uermudo Uelaci in territorio Leonessis iusta flumine Quronio…et alia villa in Pormula in Matta de Ero Uermudizi et mia Pelayo Uermudici" to "uxori mea Godina" by charter dated 15 May 1011[215]. Ero Vermúdez is assumed from this document to have been the brother of the donor, presumably deceased at the date of the charter.

5. ADOSINDA Vermúdez (-after 1034). A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[216].

6. GOTINA Vermúdez (-after 1034). A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[217].

7. MANSUARA Vermúdez (-after 1034). A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[218].

VELA Vermúdez, son of [VERMUDO Vela & his wife Elvira Pinioliz] (-after 1 Sep 1056). Salazar Acha suggests that his parentage, although Vela was not named in his mother's 1034 document, as he was named as owner of properties around the river Curonio between 1016 and 1045[219]. The suggestion appears corroborated by the charter dated 15 May 1011, under which "Pelayo Uermudici" donated "villas…abuit de abolus meus et parentorum meorum Uermudo Uelaci in territorio Leonessis iusta flumine Quronio…et alia villa in Pormula in Matta de Ero Uermudizi et mia Pelayo Uermudici" to "uxori mea Godina", confirmed by "Ueila Uermudici…" [who would have been the donor´s brother][220]. "Santia" sold "villa mea que fuit de Uermudo Uelaz iuxta flumen Curonio hic a Santa Maria…medietate" to "Uela Uermuidiz et uxore uestre Gontine" by charter dated 29 Feb 1016[221]. "Aruildi…cum filio meo Diaco" sold "hereditate…in territorio Legionensi in riuo de Curonio in villa…Sauto, a Sancto Tirso" to "Uela Uermuiz et uxore uestra Gontina" by charter dated 15 Mar 1024[222]. "Heliseus…cum uxore mea Paterna" sold "uno prato in territorio Legionensi in aquaducto de Curonio in villa…Sauto" to "Uela Uermuiz et uxori uestre Gontina" by charter dated 29 May 1045[223]. "Florentina" sold “hereditate...in territorio Legionensi in aquaducto de Curonio in villa...Ualle de Dornas habui...de viro meo Dominico Pinioliz” to “Ueila Uermuiz et uxori uestre Gontina” by charter dated 1 Sep 1056[224].

m GOTINA, daughter of --- (-after 1 Apr 1065). "Santia" sold "villa mea que fuit de Uermudo Uelaz iuxta flumen Curonio hic a Santa Maria…medietate" to "Uela Uermuidiz et uxore uestre Gontine" by charter dated 29 Feb 1016[225]. "Aruildi…cum filio meo Diaco" sold "hereditate…in territorio Legionensi in riuo de Curonio in villa…Sauto, a Sancto Tirso" to "Uela Uermuiz et uxore uestra Gontina" by charter dated 15 Mar 1024[226]. "Heliseus…cum uxore mea Paterna" sold "uno prato in territorio Legionensi in aquaducto de Curonio in villa…Sauto" to "Uela Uermuiz et uxori uestre Gontina" by charter dated 29 May 1045[227]. "Florentina" sold “hereditate...in territorio Legionensi in aquaducto de Curonio in villa...Ualle de Dornas habui...de viro meo Dominico Pinioliz” to “Ueila Uermuiz et uxori uestre Gontina” by charter dated 1 Sep 1056[228]. "Gontina" sold “corte...cum suas casas...in territorio Legionensi iuxta flumen Curonio in loco...Santa María” to “filio meo Ueremudo et uxori tue Fronildi” by charter dated 1 Apr 1065[229].

Vela & his wife had one child:

1. VERMUDO Vélaz (-after 1 Apr 1065). "Uermudo Didaz…cum uxore mea Argilo" sold "hereditate…in territorio Legionensi iuxta riuulo Porma in loco…Colle" to "Uermudo Uelaz et uxori uestra Geluire" by charter dated 15 Apr 1044[230]. "Nunno presbiter…cum matre mea domna Flamla" sold "medietate…hereditate in territorio Legionensi iuxta flumen de Curonio in loco…Sotello" to "Uermudo Uelaz et uxor uestre Geluire" by charter dated 30 May 1051[231]. "Uermudo Uelaz...cum uxore mea Geluira" donated “villa que fuit de Sendino...per illa Defesa usque in termino de Sonna” to the monastery of Santa María de Curueño by charter dated 21 Mar 1055[232]. "Uelasquita...cum filia Gontina" sold “villa...in territorio Legionese albei fluminis Quronio in loco...Gallegus que aveo de patre meo Pelagio Ectaz et mater mea Ledgundia...quarta qui me quadrat inter meos germanos Uida, Dulze et Fredinando Fredinandiz et filios de Monio Uelasquiz” to “Ueremudo Uelaz et uxor uestra domna Fronildi” by charter dated 28 Oct 1056[233]. "Feles Petrizi..." sold “villam...in territorio Leonesis iusta flumen Quoroniis in loco...Barrelus” to “domno nostro Uermudo Uelazi” by charter dated 27 Dec 1057[234]. "Morel Examiz et uxor mea Leticia cum filiis nostris" sold “duas cortes...in territorio Aratoi villa...Lacuna” to “Ueremudo Uelaz et uxori uestre Fronilde Hanniz et filiis uestris” by charter dated 11 Jun [1063][235]. "Gontina" sold “corte...cum suas casas...in territorio Legionensi iuxta flumen Curonio in loco...Santa María” to “filio meo Ueremudo et uxori tue Fronildi” by charter dated 1 Apr 1065[236]. m firstly ELVIRA ---, daughter of --- (-[28 Oct 1056/11 Jun 1063]). "Uermudo Didaz…cum uxore mea Argilo" sold "hereditate…in territorio Legionensi iuxta riuulo Porma in loco…Colle" to "Uermudo Uelaz et uxori uestra Geluire" by charter dated 15 Apr 1044[237]. "Nunno presbiter…cum matre mea domna Flamla" sold "medietate…hereditate in territorio Legionensi iuxta flumen de Curonio in loco…Sotello" to "Uermudo Uelaz et uxor uestre Geluire" by charter dated 30 May 1051[238]. "Uermudo Uelaz...cum uxore mea Geluira" donated “villa que fuit de Sendino...per illa Defesa usque in termino de Sonna” to the monastery of Santa María de Curueño by charter dated 21 Mar 1055[239]. "Uelasquita...cum filia Gontina" sold “villa...in territorio Legionese albei fluminis Quronio in loco...Gallegus que aveo de patre meo Pelagio Ectaz et mater mea Ledgundia...quarta qui me quadrat inter meos germanos Uida, Dulze et Fredinando Fredinandiz et filios de Monio Uelasquiz” to “Ueremudo Uelaz et uxor uestra domna Fronildi” by charter dated 28 Oct 1056[240]. m secondly (before 11 Jun [1063]) FRONILDE Yáñez, daughter of JUAN --- & his wife ---. "Morel Examiz et uxor mea Leticia cum filiis nostris" sold “duas cortes...in territorio Aratoi villa...Lacuna” to “Ueremudo Uelaz et uxori uestre Fronilde Hanniz et filiis uestris” by charter dated 11 Jun [1063][241]. "Gontina" sold “corte...cum suas casas...in territorio Legionensi iuxta flumen Curonio in loco...Santa María” to “filio meo Ueremudo et uxori tue Fronildi” by charter dated 1 Apr 1065[242]. Vermudo & his first wife had two children:

a) VELA Vermúdez (-after 25 Jan 1095). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[243]. “Uela Uermudiz et filio meo Uermudo Uelaz” donated “Uilla Gaton...in alfoze de Saldania...et in alfoze de Ceia...Uilla Lebrini...et in alfoze de Boniar, Uilla Noua...Fonte Panera” to “filia mea Sancia Uelaz” by charter dated 25 Jan 1085[244]. “Ueila Uermudiz...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Oct 1086 under which “Cotina Uermutiz” donated “Uilla Abduz in loco...Aratoi mea racione...eredavit de viro meo Petro Monniuz et per meas arras” to Sahagún[245]. “Uela Uermudiz” donated “villas...quas habeo de patre meo Uermudo...in Uilla Flaian...et in Quintana...in Rio de Gotin, in Ualle de Torre, hereditatem que fuit de Nunno Sarraziniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Feb 1091[246]. “Uela Uermudiz...cum filio meo Uermudo Uelaz” donated “solare...in villa...Gordalizala” to “Feliz Vermudiz” by charter dated 3 Feb 1091[247]. “Uermudo Uelaz...cum patre meo Uela Uermudiz” donated “ereditate...inter Aratogie et Taratogie...in loco...in villa...Gordalizala” to “Santio Pascualiz et uxor tua Santia Uelaz” by charter dated 22 Mar 1091[248]. “...Vela Uermudiz, Vermudo Petriz” confirmed the charter dated 26 Apr 1091 under which “Christi ancilla Iusta Petriz” donated “in Zorita de Auia mee divisione...in Uilla Turdi...in Cornonzello...in Calzatella...in Gordariz” to Sahagún[249]. “Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo Uelaiz” donated "manasterio...Sancti Facundi in Uilla Abduz in flumine Aratoi" to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Mar 1092[250]. "Vela Bermuiz y su hijo Bermudo Velaz" donated "Villa Gaton en el alfoz de Saldaña, de Villa Lebrin en el alfoz de Cea, y de Villanueva en el de Boniar" to "la hermana de éste Sancha" by charter dated 25 Jan 1095[251]. m ---. The name of Vela´s wife is not known. Vela & his wife had two children:

i) VERMUDO Vélaz (-after 22 Jan 1113). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[252]. “Uela Uermudiz et filio meo Uermudo Uelaz” donated “Uilla Gaton...in alfoze de Saldania...et in alfoze de Ceia...Uilla Lebrini...et in alfoze de Boniar, Uilla Noua...Fonte Panera” to “filia mea Sancia Uelaz” by charter dated 25 Jan 1085[253]. “Uela Uermudiz...cum filio meo Uermudo Uelaz” donated “solare...in villa...Gordalizala” to “Feliz Vermudiz” by charter dated 3 Feb 1091[254]. “Uermudo Uelaz...cum patre meo Uela Uermudiz” donated “ereditate...inter Aratogie et Taratogie...in loco...in villa...Gordalizala” to “Santio Pascualiz et uxor tua Santia Uelaz” by charter dated 22 Mar 1091[255]. “...Uermudo Uelaz” confirmed the charter dated 1 Feb 1091 under which “Uela Uermudiz” donated “villas...quas habeo de patre meo Uermudo...in Uilla Flaian...et in Quintana...in Rio de Gotin, in Ualle de Torre, hereditatem que fuit de Nunno Sarraziniz” to Sahagún[256]. “Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo Uelaiz” donated "manasterio...Sancti Facundi in Uilla Abduz in flumine Aratoi" to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Mar 1092[257]. "Vela Bermuiz y su hijo Bermudo Velaz" donated "Villa Gaton en el alfoz de Saldaña, de Villa Lebrin en el alfoz de Cea, y de Villanueva en el de Boniar" to "la hermana de éste Sancha" by charter dated 25 Jan 1095[258]. “Uermudo Uelazi, Garcia Moniozi, Dona Marina” witnessed the charter dated 26 Feb 1111 under which “Sol Sarracinizi...cum filiis meis que abeo de Uermudo Petriz” donated "aereditas que fui de mater vestra dona Fronili et tenuit illa aereditas viro meo que fuit Uermudo Petrizi...in villa...Abduc in territorio Sancti Facundi flumina Aratoi iusta" to “Sancio Gonzalbiz et germano vestro Gonzalbo Gonzalbizi”[259]. “...Uermudo Uelaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Dec 1111 under which “Tello Telliz...cum coniuge mea Maior Suariz” donated "divisa...in villa...Oterolo iusta flumen Aratogie territorio Castro Froila...que fuit de Pelagio Pelaiz" to “Iohan Flainiz”[260]. “Uermudo Uelaci et uxor mea Oro Diaci et filiis meis” donated "solare in Uilla Abduce...de prima pars (palacio) que fuit de Monio Diaci" to “Pelagio Milianici” by charter dated 22 Jan 1113[261]. m AURO Díaz, daughter of DIEGO --- & his wife --- (-after 22 Jan 1113). “Uermudo Uelaci et uxor mea Oro Diaci et filiis meis” donated "solare in Uilla Abduce...de prima pars (palacio) que fuit de Monio Diaci" to “Pelagio Milianici” by charter dated 22 Jan 1113[262]. Vermudo & his wife had children:

(a) children . “Uermudo Uelaci et uxor mea Oro Diaci et filiis meis” donated "solare in Uilla Abduce...de prima pars (palacio) que fuit de Monio Diaci" to “Pelagio Milianici” by charter dated 22 Jan 1113[263].

ii) SANCHA Vélaz (-after 25 Jan 1095). “Uela Uermudiz et filio meo Uermudo Uelaz” donated “Uilla Gaton...in alfoze de Saldania...et in alfoze de Ceia...Uilla Lebrini...et in alfoze de Boniar, Uilla Noua...Fonte Panera” to “filia mea Sancia Uelaz” by charter dated 25 Jan 1085[264]. “Uermudo Uelaz...cum patre meo Uela Uermudiz” donated “ereditate...inter Aratogie et Taratogie...in loco...in villa...Gordalizala” to “Santio Pascualiz et uxor tua Santia Uelaz” by charter dated 22 Mar 1091[265]. “Sancio Pascualiz et uxor mea Sancia Uelaz” agreed to make future donations to Sahagún by charter dated 30 Aug 1091[266]. "Vela Bermuiz y su hijo Bermudo Velaz" donated "Villa Gaton en el alfoz de Saldaña, de Villa Lebrin en el alfoz de Cea, y de Villanueva en el de Boniar" to "la hermana de éste Sancha" by charter dated 25 Jan 1095[267]. m (before 22 Mar 1091) SANCHO Pascuáliz, son of ---.

b) GOTINA Vermúdez (-after 1 Apr 1091). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[268]. “Cotina Uermutiz” donated “Uilla Abduz in loco...Aratoi mea racione...eredavit de viro meo Petro Monniuz et per meas arras” to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Oct 1086[269]. “Uermudo Petriz” donated “mea hereditate in Aratoi...villa...Abduz” to “mea matre domne Gotine...Veremuiz” by charter dated 5 Aug 1087[270]. “Christi seruorum ancilla Gotina Uermudiz” donated “in Uilla de Abduz tertiam partem...in Curonio, in Sancta Maria meam portionem” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Apr 1091[271]. m firstly PEDRO Muñoz, son of MUNIO --- & his wife --- (-after 24 Jan 1066). m secondly FLAÍN Peláez, son of PELAYO Fernández & his wife --- (-after 1 Feb 1083).

OVECO Vermúdez, son of VERMUDO Vela & his wife Elvira Pinioliz (-1042 or after). A charter dated 1034, ratifying the donation by his mother for the soul of her husband, is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[272]. Conde. He was named as dux in a 1042 document at Lugo[273].

m ELVIRA Suárez, daughter of SUERO Gundemáriz & his wife Teodegonzia [Gotina] ---. Her parents are identified from a document of 1016 which names the couple in relation to property at Villa Manilani, a place also named in 1090 in a donation by her grandson Rodrigo Ovéquiz[274]. In a donation to Lugo Cathedral she mentions her "auus" conde Rodrigo Románez, possibly either grandfather or tutor[275]. She is named as the mother of Rodrigo Ovéquiz in 1090[276].

Oveco & his wife had four children:

1. VERMUDO Ovéquiz (-after 1092). “...Vermudo Ouequiz...” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[277]. His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 26 Mar 1075 in which “Vermudo Ovéquiz y su hermano el conde Vela Ovéquiz” claimed the monastery of San Salvador de Tol by right of “aviæ suæ domine Geloire Pinioliz”[278].

- PONCE de LEÓN.

2. VELA Ovéquiz (-[killed in battle Zalaca 23 Oct 1086][279]). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 26 Mar 1075 in which “Vermudo Ovéquiz y su hermano el conde Vela Ovéquiz” claimed the monastery of San Salvador de Tol by right of “aviæ suæ domine Geloire Pinioliz”[280].

- SARRIA.

3. RODRIGO Ovéquiz (-after 1093). "...Ueila Ouequiz, Ruderico Ouequiz...Uermudo Ouequiz..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[281]. Conde. “...Rodrico Ouequiz comes...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Dec 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted “villas in territorio inter Istola et Ceia...Otero secus Ualle de Spino...Iubarella...” to "Armentario” by charter dated 21 Dec 1071[282]. "...Uela Ouequiz commes...Rodrico Ouequiz commes..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[283]. A charter dated 1082 names “duo comites magni: Vela Ovequiz et Ruderico Ovequiz cum Aldoncia et Tota uxores forum et cum sorore sua comitissa Oneca Ovequiz…de patre nostro comes Oveco Vermudez”[284]. He rebelled against Alfonso VI King of Castile in 1088 with his mother [285]. “Rodrigo Ovéquiz” donated property “en Villa quirán, y Viesces de Sierra en el valle de Cangas y en Alienes y Bebares” to Obona Santa María by charter dated 1093[286]. m TODA, daughter of ---. A charter dated 1082 names “duo comites magni: Vela Ovequiz et Ruderico Ovequiz cum Aldoncia et Tota uxores forum et cum sorore sua comitissa Oneca Ovequiz…de patre nostro comes Oveco Vermudez”[287].

4. ONECA Ovéquiz (-after 1082). A charter dated 1082 names “duo comites magni: Vela Ovequiz et Ruderico Ovequiz cum Aldoncia et Tota uxores suorum et cum sorore sua comitissa Oneca Ovequiz…de patre nostro comes Oveco Vermudez”[288]. “Comitissa domna Oneca” donated property to Lugo “pro filiis suis Veremundo et Vela Sanchez”[289]. The identity of her husband is confirmed further by a charter dated 23 Feb 1074 which names “Santius comes proles Ordonii, Vela proles Sancii”[290]. m conde SANCHO Ordóñez, son of ORDOÑO Vermúdez [de León] & his wife Fronilde Peláez (-[30 Jan 1077/1082]).

D. FAMILY of MUNIO FERNÁNDEZ

1. MUNIO Fernández (-after Sep 992). Casado Lobato suggests that Munio Fernández, father of Fruela Muñoz, was Munio Fernández, son of Fernando Díaz Conde de Saldana & his wife Mansuara Díaz[291]. However, Prieto suggests that he was “comitis Munionis de Somiedo” who is named in an undated charter at Corias as father of Jimena Muñoz (see below)[292]. As noted below, the hypothesis of this co-identity appears supported by the possible existence of Fernando Muñoz as a son of Munio Fernández, as shown below. According to Carlé, Munio Fernández may have been the son of Fernando Díaz & his wife Mansuara Fáfilaz, marrying Jimena as his first wife[293]. A charter dated to the 10th century records property of "Monio Fernandiz et de domna Scemena" which "domna Scemena" gave "in casamento ad sua filia domna Uraka"[294]. Gonzalo Vermúdez, Munio Fernández and Pelayo Rodríguez led one of the most successful rebellions against King Vermudo II, which succeeded in expelling the king from León, dated to between Nov 991 and Sep 992[295]. m JIMENA, daughter of ---. A charter dated to the 10th century records property of "Monio Fernandiz et de domna Scemena" which "domna Scemena" gave "in casamento ad sua filia domna Uraka"[296]. Munio & his wife had [six] children:

a) [FERNANDO Muñoz (-before 28 Jun 1056). His parentage is indicated by the charter dated 29 Aug 1071 under which “Giloira” donated “hereditates de meo filio Antolino Mangiones” to Vega and also donated "divisa...abuit ea de Fernando Monnioz...sicut fuit de genitor suus commite Monnio Fernandiz" to “mea filia Maria”[297]. If this parentage is correct, it appears to support the co-identity of Munio Fernández, who is shown above and not otherwise recorded as conde, with “comitis Munionis de Somiedo” (as discussed above) whose daughter Jimena married Munio Muñoz, brother of Fernando Muñoz´s wife. However, the identification of “Fernando Monnioz” with Conde Fernando Muñoz who married Elvira Muñoz is complicated by another charter in the same collection, undated but placed in the compilation immediately prior to the charter dated 29 Aug 1071, under which “Antolin Mexuniz” donated "...ereditate que mihi donabit Fernando Monnioz et sua mater comitissa domna Gelouira in villas...in Auterolo et in Kastrallo" to Vega[298]. At first sight, the only Fernando Muñoz with a mother named Elvira appears to have been the son of Munio Fernández & his wife Elvira Froílaz (see below). However, a charter dated 19 Dec 1016 lists their children, with Fernando not included in the list. If Fernando was their son, he must therefore have been deceased at the time. However, that would place the grant of property to “Antolin Mexuniz” too early to be consistent with the charter dated 29 Aug 1071 under which Antolin´s mother donated the same (presumably after Antolin had died). One explanation could be that “mater” in the undated charter is an error for “uxor”, which would solve the chronological difficulty and support the hypothesis about Fernando´s parentage. As part of this discussion, it is worth noting that the 29 Aug 1071 charter appears dubious to some extent: the list of subscribers includes “Santia prolix Raymundi dux”, presumably identified as Sancha, daughter of Queen Urraca and her wife Raymond de Bourgogne, who was not born before the late 11th century. One possibility is that the document represents a later amalgamation of earlier documents and that the actual date of the donations recorded was earlier than 1071.] Conde. No other document has yet been identified which names Fernando Muñoz in his own capacity. He does not appear to have been the same person as Fernando Muñoz conde in Toro, named in charters dated between 17 Feb 1035 and 1 May 1043 (see the document CASTILE NOBILITY), who had a son named Munio Fernández but whose wife was recorded as Maria in a document dated 1 May 1043.] m ELVIRA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Rodríguez & his wife Anderquina Fróilaz (-after 28 Jun 1056). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Geloira fuit uxor comes Fredinando Muniz et habuit filios Munnio Fredinandiz et aliorum quorum nomina ignoro”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[299]. The wording of this document suggests that Elvira was a widow at the time. “Comitissa domna Elvira” granted "solare...abemus de avis vel de parentibus nostris in territorio Sancti Christoforum iusta flumen Ceia in vila...Castelanos" to “Maniane cognomento Velite” by charter dated 27 & 30 Aug 1073[300]. Fernando & his wife had children:

i) MUNIO Fernández (-after 28 Jun 1056). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Geloira fuit uxor comes Fredinando Muniz et habuit filios Munnio Fredinandiz et aliorum quorum nomina ignoro”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[301].

ii) other children (-after 28 Jun 1056). Other children are referred to, unnamed, in the 28 Jun 1056 charter quoted above.

b) FRUELA Muñoz (-after 25 Dec 1046). Son of Munio Fernández and Jimena[302]. "Igina…cum germano meo Uermudo Beterizi" exchanged property with "Fruilla Monizi et sure vestra Amuna" by charter dated 26 Dec 1007[303]. Conde: "Semeno Uelaz" sold "ereditate quem abemus de matre nostra domna Mumadona vel de abios nostros in territorio foris monte Ordase iusta flumen Orbego in ville…Tapia" to "commite Froila Moniz" [presumably for donation to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 20 Sep 1008, confirmed by "Digo Albitiz, Accenere Sansiz, Menendo Vermutiz"[304]. "Frola Monuzi et (domina) Muna" exchanged property with each other, the former donating "vilas…Oles et Linares, Sautelo, Feraruzi, Camplamoso" to his wife while the latter gave "vilas…Robreto, Zarzana, Piniera, Zubia" to her husband, by charter dated 15 Oct 1011[305]. "…Munnio Munneoniz qui et maiordomus, Froila Munneoniz…" confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1018 under which the abbot of Sahagún recited the foundation of the abbey and the confirmation of its privileges by King Alfonso V[306]. “...Frogila Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[307]. "…Froila Muninz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[308]. King Vermudo III granted “villa...Regos territorio Legionense” to “comite Froyla Moinioz et uxor tua Gunterodo” by charter dated 6 Aug 1031[309]. “...Comes Fruelas Nuñez...” subscribed the charter dated 16 Sep 1033 under which King Vermudo III granted “quos carta de ingenuidad” to “Manulphum connominato Vellito Aurilis...vassalus [de] Pelagium Frolas”[310]. “...Froila Monioz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[311]. "Munnio Ruderiquiz…cum uxori mee Scemena, ploris Munnio Munniz" exchanged "villa de Flausas in Asturiciense valle Lena…qui fuit de patre nostro Munnio Munniz", as well as another property "secundam dedit eam rex domno Adefonso ad Munnio Munniz", with "Froyla Munniz et uxori vestre Gunterodo" by charter dated 21 Jan 1039[312]. Fruela Muñoz and his brother Munio exchanged property by charter dated 1046[313]. "Froila Moniciz" granted "villas…in Asturiens…[et] in terra de foras et in territorio Leonese", including property "que fuit de pater meo Monio Ferrnandiciz…de mater mea domna Semena" and property exchanged "cum iermano meo Monioz Monicz", to "exore mea Gutrodo et filia mea [Mar]ria" (stating that the latter had been suffereing extended illness for seven years) by charter dated 27 Feb 1046[314]. "Domna Oraka et domna Maiore…conomento Uelasquida" sold "ereditate…in foris monte in valle Uinaio…Sancto Saluatorem…" to "comite Froila Moniciz et domna Guntro" by charter dated 25 Dec 1046[315]. m firstly (before 26 Dec 1007) MUNIA, daughter of --- (-[15 Oct 1011/20 Aug 1028]). "Igina…cum germano meo Uermudo Beterizi" exchanged property with "Fruilla Monizi et sure vestra Amuna" by charter dated 26 Dec 1007[316]. "Frola Monuzi et (domina) Muna" exchanged property with each other, the former donating "vilas…Oles et Linares, Sautelo, Feraruzi, Camplamoso" to his wife while the latter gave "vilas…Robreto, Zarzana, Piniera, Zubia" to her husband, by charter dated 15 Oct 1011[317]. m secondly (before 20 Aug 1028) GUNTRODO, daughter of --- (-after 23 May 1080). "Froyla Munuce" granted "villa…in Vinagyo iusta flumine discurrente Orbezo" to "sponsa mea Guntrodo" by charter dated 20 Aug 1028[318]. King Vermudo III granted “villa...Regos territorio Legionense” to “comite Froyla Moinioz et uxor tua Gunterodo” by charter dated 6 Aug 1031[319]. "Munnio Ruderiquiz…cum uxori mee Scemena, ploris Munnio Munniz" exchanged "villa de Flausas in Asturiciense valle Lena…qui fuit de patre nostro Munnio Munniz", as well as another property "secundam dedit eam rex domno Adefonso ad Munnio Munniz", with "Froyla Munniz et uxori vestre Gunterodo" by charter dated 21 Jan 1039[320]. "Froila Moniciz" granted "villas…in Asturiens…[et] in terra de foras et in territorio Leonese", including property "que fuit de pater meo Monio Ferrnandiciz…de mater mea domna Semena" and property exchanged "cum iermano meo Monioz Monicz", to "exore mea Gutrodo et filia mea [Mar]ria" (stating that the latter had been suffereing extended illness for seven years) by charter dated 27 Feb 1046[321]. "Domna Oraka et domna Maiore…conomento Uelasquida" sold "ereditate…in foris monte in valle Uinaio…Sancto Saluatorem…" to "comite Froila Moniciz et domna Guntro" by charter dated 25 Dec 1046[322]. "Maria cognomento Aurodulce" granted "hereditate et monasterium que abui de abios meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense…in locum Lena…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 9 Aug 1064, confirmed by "comitensa domna Gunterodo, Domna Gotina"[323]. “Comitissa Gunterodo...cum filia mea comitissa Maior Froilaz et filiis suis neptis meis Froila Didaz et Antoninus Didaz” donated “monasterio...in Asturias in valle de Orna...Sancti Antonini” to Oviedo by charter dated 23 May 1080[324]. Fruela & his second wife had one child:

i) MARÍA [Mayor] Froilaz ([1030]-after 1083). "Frayolfo et uxor mea Gestrildi" granted "villa…in Alua" to "Maria filia Froyla Momiz et Gunterode" by charter dated 30 Aug 1032[325]. "Froila Moniciz" granted "villas…in Asturiens…[et] in terra de foras et in territorio Leonese", including property "que fuit de pater meo Monio Ferrnandiciz…de mater mea domna Semena" and property exchanged "cum iermano meo Monioz Monicz", to "exore mea Gutrodo et filia mea [Mar]ria" (stating that the latter had been suffereing extended illness for seven years) by charter dated 27 Feb 1046[326]. "Scemena Petriz" sold property "in territorio Asturiensis locum…Ataulio" to "Didago Petriz et uxori tue Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 30 Sep 1056[327]. "Adsenda Moninz" granted "de hereditate et monasterium que abui de abeos meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense in locum…Lene…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis mea ratione que me quada inter meos germanos" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 2 Apr 1065[328]. "Domgna Geluira…cum filis meis Flaino et Guntro et Iusta" granted "vinias…que abuitmus de parentorum nostrorum comide Petro Flainiz et comedi[sa] domgna Bronildit in territorio Leonesis inter crepinis Toriu et Porma, Solanella" to "Digao Petriz et uxor vestra domn[a Maria]" by charter dated 16 Feb 1068[329]. She was a widow in Dec 1069 when she and her children acquired property in Vega de Boñar. She donated property for her niece Jimena Muñiz 5 Apr 1078. “Doña María Froilaz con sus hijos Froila Didaci y Antonino Didaci” donated property, confiscated from Pedro Flaínez by King Fernando I and returned to Diego Pérez by King Alfonso VI, to León by charter dated 18 Dec 1073[330]. “Maior Froilaz cognomento Maria con sus hijos Froila y Antonino, hijos de Diego Petriz y nietos del conde Pedro Flainiz” sold property to the church of Oviedo by charter dated 5 Apr 1078[331]. She settled in Oviedo after her husband died, and ended her life in the monastery of Oviedo[332]. “Comitissa Gunterodo...cum filia mea comitissa Maior Froilaz et filiis suis neptis meis Froila Didaz et Antoninus Didaz” donated “monasterio...in Asturias in valle de Orna...Sancti Antonini” to Oviedo by charter dated 23 May 1080[333]. m (before 30 Sep 1056) DIEGO Pérez, son of PEDRO Flaínez & his wife Bronilde --- (-[10 Aug/Dec] 1069).

c) URRACA Muñoz . A charter dated to the 10th century records property of "Monio Fernandiz et de domna Scemena" which "domna Scemena" gave "in casamento ad sua filia domna Uraka"[334].

d) [JIMENA Muñoz . An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” married firstly “filiam comitis Munionis de Somedo...Xemena Moniz”[335]. As noted above, Prieto identifies the father of Jimena as Munio Fernández[336]. m as his first wife, MUNIO Muñoz, son of MUNIO Rodríguez "Canis" & his wife Anderquina Froílaz.]

e) MUNIO Muñoz (-before 27 Feb 1046). "Froila Moniciz" granted "villas…in Asturiens…[et] in terra de foras et in territorio Leonese", including property "que fuit de pater meo Monio Ferrnandiciz…de mater mea domna Semena" and property exchanged "cum iermano meo Monioz Monicz", to "exore mea Gutrodo et filia mea [Mar]ria" (stating that the latter had been suffereing extended illness for seven years) by charter dated 27 Feb 1046[337]. m ---. The name of Munio´s wife is not known. Munio & his wife had [three or more] children:

i) [ADOSINDA Muñoz (-after 2 Apr 1065). "Adsenda Moninz" granted "de hereditate et monasterium que abui de abeos meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense in locum…Lene…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis mea ratione que me quada inter meos germanos" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 2 Apr 1065[338]. Her patronymic suggests that she was the daughter of Munio Muñoz. However, it is also possible that she was the daughter of the other Munio Muñoz by his first wife Jimena Muñoz, possible daughter of Munio Fernández and his wife Jimena (see above).]

ii) [sons . "Adsenda Moninz" granted "de hereditate et monasterium que abui de abeos meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense in locum…Lene…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis mea ratione que me quada inter meos germanos" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 2 Apr 1065[339].]

f) [--- . The parent of María may have been the same person as one of the other siblings of Fruela Muñoz who are named above. Another possibility is that this was the same person as, or parent of Muniadomna, second wife of Fáfila Pérez. This possibility would be correct if Muniadomna´s daughter "Aurodulce" was the same person as María "Aurodulce", who names her grandparents Munio Fernández and Jimena in the charter dated 9 Aug 1064 which is quoted below. The difficulty with this possible co-identity is the date of Muniadomna´s marriage, as the births of the children of Munio Fernández appear to be dated to the late 10th century. However, one possibility is that Munio and his wife were the grandparents, not parents, of Muniadomna, assuming that "abios" in the 9 Aug 1064 charter can be interpreted in the sense of more remote ancestors.] m ---. One child:

i) MARÍA "Aurodulce" (-after 9 Aug 1064). "Maria cognomento Aurodulce" granted "hereditate et monasterium que abui de abios meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense…in locum Lena…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 9 Aug 1064, confirmed by "comitensa domna Gunterodo, Domna Gotina"[340].

1. MUNIO Rodríguez (-after 21 Jan 1039). "Munnio Ruderiquiz…cum uxori mee Scemena, ploris Munnio Munniz" exchanged "villa de Flausas in Asturiciense valle Lena…qui fuit de patre nostro Munnio Munniz", as well as another property "secundam dedit eam rex domno Adefonso ad Munnio Munniz", with "Froyla Munniz et uxori vestre Gunterodo" by charter dated 21 Jan 1039[341]. m JIMENA Muñoz, daughter of Conde MUNIO Muñoz & his first wife Jimena Muñoz (-after 21 Jan 1039). An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” and his first wife “filiam comitis Munionis de Somedo...Xemena Moniz” had “filiam...Xemena Moniz”, adding that she married “Munionis Roderici comitis”[342]. "Munnio Ruderiquiz…cum uxori mee Scemena, ploris Munnio Munniz" exchanged "villa de Flausas in Asturiciense valle Lena…qui fuit de patre nostro Munnio Munniz", as well as another property "secundam dedit eam rex domno Adefonso ad Munnio Munniz", with "Froyla Munniz et uxori vestre Gunterodo" by charter dated 21 Jan 1039[343]. Munio & his wife had [three] children:

a) VELASQUITA Muñoz . An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, names “Velasquida Moniz et Maiori Moniz” as the two daughters of “Xemena Moniz” and “Munionis Roderici comitis”[344]. A charter at Corias names “duabus filiabus…Velasquide Moniz, Maiori Moniz…filie Munionis Roderici comitis” as the children of “Xemena Moniz” daughter of “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis”[345].

b) MAYOR Muñoz . An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, names “Velasquida Moniz et Maiori Moniz” as the two daughters of “Xemena Moniz” and “Munionis Roderici comitis”[346].

c) [--- Muñoz . Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated May 1112 under which Queen Urraca granted "villa…Coruellos, territorio Legionensi, inter duo flumina, Turio et Porma…extra hereditates que fuerunt de Aluaro Citiz", adding that the property "fuit de vestro avo commite Munnio Munniz", to "Tellus Telliz et Fernandus Telliz"[347]. The chronology of the family suggests that conde Munio Muñoz was a more remote ancestor of Tello Téllez and Fernando Téllez than "avo", maybe their great-grandfather. If that is correct, the wife of Tello was presumably either Velasquita or Mayor who are named above as the two daughters of Munio Rodríguez. m TELLO ---, son of --- (-after 1066).]

E. FAMILY of VERMUDO NÚÑEZ, CONDE in CEA

VERMUDO Núñez, son of --- (-[Aug or after] 955). He is first recorded in a donation in favour of the monastery of Sahagún dated 10 May 921 [348]. “Gundesindus Froiani et comyti...Ranimirus...princeps, Frunymius, Hordonius prolis regis, Uirmundus Nunniz, Froyla Uigilaniz” confirmed the charter dated 22 Apr 932 under which “Benedicti presbiter cognomento Pascale et mater mea Coreiscia” donated “villa...Matella et alius terras in Morella suburbio territorio Legionense...”[349]. "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[350]. A charter dated 25 Jun 938 records the settlement of a dispute between the monastery of Valdevimbre and “Gondemaro” concerning an aqueduct and mills, subscribed by “Monio Nuniz, Vermudo Nuniz...”[351]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Munius Godesteiz, Ovecco Munniz…Vermudus Nunniz…"[352]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "……Suarius Nuniz, Munius Nunniz, Nunus Nuniz…Obeco Muniz…Vermudo Nuniz…"[353]. Ramiro II King of León invested him with property in Valdavia in 943, and in Valle Alieri next to the river Cea 16 Mar 946 [354]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…Fredenandus Virmudiz…"[355]. "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida by charter dated 13 Aug 949, confirmed by "Velasquita coniux, Fredenandi prolis, Pinioli prolis"[356]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[357]. Conde [in Cea]. He witnessed a 17 Jun 950 document as "comes in Ceie", immediately after Fernando González Conde de Castilla and Diego Muñoz Conde de Saldaña[358]. “Ermildi” sold “vinea...in territorio Legionense in uilla...Oncina” to "Ueremudus Nunici et uxori tue Uelasquita" by charter dated 24 Aug 953[359]. “Uermud Nunniz...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jun 954 under which King Ordoño III donated “eglesia...Sancti Claudii, Luperci et Uictorici in arraballde...civitatis Legione” to the church of León[360]. "Vermudo Nunniz" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 28 Jul 955, confirmed by "Fredinando Vermudiz, Velasquita uxor Vermundi Nunniz, Hordonius princeps, Monno Roderiz, Fortes Iustiz, Furtunio Garseani, Obeco Moniz"[361].

m firstly ARGILO, daughter of --- (-[Mar 946/early 949]). She is named as the wife of Vermudo Núñez in the 16 Mar 946 royal grant to her husband of land next to the river Cea[362].

m secondly ([Mar 946/Aug 949]) VELASQUITA, daughter of ---. "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida by charter dated 13 Aug 949, confirmed by "Velasquita coniux, Fredenandi prolis, Pinioli prolis"[363]. “Ermildi” sold “vinea...in territorio Legionense in uilla...Oncina” to "Ueremudus Nunici et uxori tue Uelasquita" by charter dated 24 Aug 953[364]. "Vermudo Nunniz" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 28 Jul 955, confirmed by "Fredinando Vermudiz, Velasquita uxor Vermundi Nunniz, Hordonius princeps, Monno Roderiz, Fortes Iustiz, Furtunio Garseani, Obeco Moniz"[365].

Vermudo Núñez & his first wife had [nine] children:

1. FERNANDO Vermúdez (-after 9 Oct 978). "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munio Nunniz, Virmudus Nunniz…Fredenandus Virmudiz…"[366]. "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida by charter dated 13 Aug 949, confirmed by "Velasquita coniux, Fredenandi prolis, Pinioli prolis"[367]. "Fredinando Vermudiz…cum consilio…rex domino Ordonio" donated "hereditate…in terreduno Riangulo locum…Gargallo…in terra Legionense" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jul [952][368]. "Vermudo Nunniz" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 28 Jul 955, confirmed by "Fredinando Vermudiz…"[369]. He was described in a 984 Sahagún document as having inherited property from Oveco Núñez Bishop of León. Conde: “Comite nostro Fredenando Vermutiz...Didaco, Velasco” subscribed the charter dated 27 Sep 960 under which “Arias diaconus” promised not to disturb the rights of “Arborio presbiter” on pain of paying damages[370]. “...Fredenandus Veremudiz...Gundisaluus Ueremudiz...” confirmed the charter dated 17 Sep 968 under which Ramiro III King of León donated “de comitatu de Mera III, de Nallare IV...et Parriga media et IV de comitato Nemitos” to Sobrado[371]. "Giloira Ranimiri principis filia" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 4 Apr 970, confirmed by "…Fredenando Veremudiz…"[372]. "Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 971, confirmed by "Ferdinando Verimudez…"[373]. "Fernando Vermuiz et Gelvira uxor" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 30 Nov 973[374]. “...Fredenandus Uermudi...Gundisaluus Ueremudi...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[375]. “...Fredenandus Ueremudiz...Gundesalbus Ueremudiz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[376]. A charter dated 976 records an inventory of transactions involving "Uilla Naptaulio" which was made by "Fredenandus Uermudizi et Giluyra"[377]. Mayordomo of Ramiro III King of León[378]: “...Fredinandis Vermudiz mayordomus...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[379]. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[380]. "Ranimirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Jan 977, confirmed by "Fredenando Veremudiz …"[381]. “...Fredenandus Uermudiz...Tructinus Ueremudi...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[382]. m (before [950]) ELVIRA Díaz, daughter of [DIEGO Muñoz Conde en Saldaña & his wife Tegridia ---] ([930] or before-after 27 Mar 976). "Fernando Vermuiz et Gelvira uxor" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 30 Nov 973"[383]. Her patronymic is confirmed by the document dated 27 Mar 976 quoted below. No proof has been found that her father was Diego Muñoz, but the onomastics are favorable and a marriage between the two equally influential Saldaña and Cea families is to be expected[384]. Torres also highlights the charter dated 26 Sep 1028, under which the couple´s daughter "Scemena regina…" donated property "in territorio Coza super castrum de Muza inter duos rivulos Karrione et Aratoi" to Santiago de Compostela[385], highlighting that the properties in question were situated broadly in the area of influence of the Saldaña family and therefore could reasonably be supposed to have been inherited by the donor from her mother. She confirmed a donation to the monastery of Santa Colomba de Ripa Rubia in 975 with her husband, the document also mentioning their children and their son-in-law Flaín Muñoz[386]. A charter dated 976 records an inventory of transactions involving "Uilla Naptaulio" which was made by "Fredenandus Uermudizi et Giluyra"[387]. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[388]. Fernando & his wife had six children:

a) PEDRO Fernández (-after 6 Dec 984). "Fernando Vermuiz et Gelvira uxor" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 30 Nov 973, confirmed by "Petrus Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz…"[389]. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[390]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 973 under which Ramiro III King of León donated property to the monastery of San Cipriano [de Valdesaz][391]. “...Petrus Fredenandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[392]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[393]. “...Petrus Fredenandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Dec 984 under which “Fafilani presbiteri” donated “uilla...Marin de Mazelleros” to Santiago de León[394]. He was a supporter of Ramiro III King of León, forced to flee (probably to Navarre with his sister) on the accession of King Vermudo II[395]. same person as…? PEDRO Fernández (-1028). Torres suggests that this co-identity is correct, pointing out that the known connections with Navarre of the later Pedro Fernández are best explained if he was the brother of the Navarrese queen[396]. In addition, the inheritance by the widow of Pedro Fernández of all the Cea properties of their daughter Elvira appears inexplicable if her husband was not the same Pedro Fernández who was the son of Fernando Vermúdez. There appears no chronological difficulty with the death in 1028 of an individual born in [950]. However, if the co-identity is correct and assuming that Pedro was born in [950], he must have married late and to a much younger wife: his wife is only named from 1002 and also remarried twice after the death of her first husband. Other historians suggest that the later Pedro Fernández was the son of Fernando Flaínez and his wife Gontrodo. These includes Carlé[397], Salazar Acha who says that the two persons are "differentiated chronologically"[398], and Martínez Sopena who cites from the following document[399]: Alfonso V King of León granted "Kastrum…Gundisalbi…super ripe Zegie territorio Legionense", property “in alia loco Vilaseca”, and “in tertio loco barrio Fontes”, all described as “quantum ibidem obtinuit Fredenandus Flaginiz cum coniuge eius Gunterode", to "Petro Ferdinandi filio" by charter dated 14 Mar 1017[400]. The document in question does not refer to a direct family connection between Fernando Flaínez and the grantee. The reference “quantum ibidem obtinuit” indicates that the property in question came from the family of Gontrodo. She is recorded as having donated parts of the properties to the monastery of Santiago de León (see elsewhere in the present document, under Fernando Flaínez). These donations do not refer to Pedro Fernández, an omission which would be surprising if he was Gontrodo´s son. One possible explanation of the 1017 charter is a more remote family relationship between Pedro Fernández and Gontrodo, maybe through Argilo, first wife of Vermudo Núñez, who would have been the paternal grandmother of Pedro if he was the same person as Pedro Fernández who is named in the documents dated between 973 and 976 which are quoted above. "Auria…post meo obitu" granted "in territorio de Uani Amores in ville…Uanicolues" to "Petro Fredenandiz et uxori vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 3 Sep 1002[401]. Alfonso V King of León granted "villa…Abaeif…in territorio Astoricense" to "fidelem meum Petrus Fernandi filius" by charter dated 29 Apr 1014[402]. Alfonso V King of León granted "billa…Fraxino" to "fidelem nostrum Petrus Fredinandiz filius" by charter dated 16 Jun 1016[403]. He was a supporter of Alfonso V King of León, one of the leaders of the partido navarro[404]. In 1016, Alfonso V King of León gave him Castrogonzalo, Villaseca and Fuentes de Ropel, properties confiscated from Sancho García Conde de Castilla[405]: Alfonso V King of León granted "Kastrum…Gundisalbi…super ripe Zegie territorio Legionense" to "Petro Ferdinandi filio" by charter dated 14 Mar 1017[406]. "Petro Fernandis" donated "in territorio Astoricensis discurrente riuulo Tera Villa de Azefe" to "uxor mea Sancia" by charter dated 19 Aug 1017[407]. “...Petro Fernandi...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[408]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[409]. Alfonso V King of León granted property at Villaturiel to "fidelem et notarius meus Sampirus presbiter" by charter dated 13 Nov 1023, subscribed by "…Ordonius prolis Ueremundi principis, Munius Ruderiquiz, Rudericus Velaz, Petro Flainiz, Arias Pinnioliz diaconus…Muniu Munneonis, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Fernandiz, Petro Feroilaz"[410]. “...Petrus Fredenandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[411]. Conde. "Cide Albonez" granted property "in territorio Astoricensis in villa…Uani Amores" to "comite Petro Fredenandiz et uxor vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 26 Dec 1027[412]. m (before 3 Sep 1002) as her first husband, SANCHA Múñoz, daughter of conde MUNIO Fernández [de Saldaña] & his wife Elvira Froilaz (bur León Cathdral). "Auria…post meo obitu" granted "in territorio de Uani Amores in ville…Uanicolues" to "Petro Fredenandiz et uxori vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 3 Sep 1002[413]. "Petro Fernandis" donated "in territorio Astoricensis discurrente riuulo Tera Villa de Azefe" to "uxor mea Sancia" by charter dated 19 Aug 1017[414]. "Cide Albonez" granted property "in territorio Astoricensis in villa…Uani Amores" to "comite Petro Fredenandiz et uxor vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 26 Dec 1027[415]. She married secondly ([1028/25 Feb 1029]) conde Pelayo Muñoz. She married thirdly (before 1035) conde Rodrigo Galíndez. "Rudericus prolis Galindi et Sancia prolis Monioni Fredenandi" donated "villa Sancti Laurentii…qui fuit de avio meo Froila Vigilazi…in Valle de Iunco villa quos concessit rex domnus Adefonsus a patri meo Munio Fredinandi…Villare de Quotanes…excepto barrio…quod est de filias de Froila Osoriz" to León Cathedral, referring also to "viro meo Petro Fredinandiz…eius filia et mea Giluira" who held property for ten years after her father´s death but then died herself, by charter dated 31 Aug 1038[416]. Pedro & his wife had one child:

i) ELVIRA Pérez (-[1037/31 Aug 1038]). "Rudericus prolis Galindi et Sancia prolis Monioni Fredenandi" made donations to León Cathedral and referred to "viro meo Petro Fredinandiz…eius filia et mea Giluira" who held property for ten years after her father´s death but then died herself, by charter dated 31 Aug 1038[417].

b) GÓMEZ Fernández (-[before 984]). "Fernando Vermuiz et Gelvira uxor" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 30 Nov 973, confirmed by "Petrus Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz…"[418]. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[419]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 973 under which Ramiro III King of León donated property to the monastery of San Cipriano [de Valdesaz][420]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[421]. m [ONECA ---, daughter of ---. “Domna Onnega comitissa” donated "ereditate...que abui de mater mea alia domna Onnega vel de abo meo comite Fernando Bermudez...villa...Castriello de Tapiolas" to Vega by charter dated 29 Sep 1062[422]. It is not certain that the donor in this document was Oneca Gómez who is shown below. However, the other documents in which Oneca Gómez is named, quoted below, do suggest that they all relate to the same person. Concerning the 29 Sep 1062 document, the naming of the donor´s mother and grandfather in connection with the same property suggests that it was inherited through the maternal line and that “comite Fernando Bermudez” was the donor´s maternal grandfather. However, the charter dated 10 Nov 1064, quoted below, indicates that Oneca was the daughter of Gómez Fernandez, presumably the son of Fernando Vermúdez. Another possibility is therefore that the property donated under the charter dated 29 Sep 1062 was granted as dower by the donor´s father to his wife for her lifetime and had reverted to the couple´s daughter after his wife died.] Gómez & his wife had [three] children:

i) ONECA Gómez ([975/80]-after 10 Nov 1062). [“Domna Onnega comitissa” donated "ereditate...que abui de mater mea alia domna Onnega vel de abo meo comite Fernando Bermudez...villa...Castriello de Tapiolas" to Vega by charter dated 29 Sep 1062[423]. The same person as this donor is named in two other documents: “Antolin Mexuniz” donated "ereditate que abeo de donatione de illa comitissa domna Onneca in villa...Castriello de Tapiolas" to Vega by undated charter[424], while “Giloira” donated “hereditate de meo filio Antolino Mangiones...obtinuit...illa comitissa domine Onnega pro suo foro et abiis et bisabiis suis” to Vega by charter dated 29 Aug 1071 (but which should probably be redated earlier for reasons discussed elsewhere in the present document)[425]. It is not certain that this “condesa Oneca” was the same person as Oneca Gómez. However, when read together with the other documents quoted in this paragraph, it is does appear that this co-identity is possible. Torres and Salazar Acha suggest that in the 29 Sep 1062 charter “abo” should be interpreted more broadly as “ancestor” rather than “grandfather”[426]. However, “grandfather” appears appropriate if, as appears to be the case from the document dated 10 Nov 1062 which is quoted below, Oneca´s father was Gómez Fernández. It is true that, if this is correct, Oneca would have been in her late 80s or 90s when she died. However, other members of the family of Fernando Vermúdez appear to have been long-lived, assuming that their dates of death are correctly shown in the present document. The only other contemporary “condesa Oneca” who has so far been identified is Oneca Ovéquiz, daughter of Oveco Vermúdez and his wife Elvira Suárez, who married conde Sancho Ordóñez and is shown in Chapter 1.C of the present document. The chronology of conde Sancho´s family suggests that they married in the late 1050s/early 1060s and no indication has been found that she may have been the same person as the donor in the charter dated 29 Sep 1062. All the documents quoted in the present paragraph, when read together, suggest an older donor who was donating property towards the end of her life.] "Domna Onneca" donated property “in Ecclesiasindenia” to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, for the soul of "filio meo senior Garcia Fortuniones", by charter dated 1061, confirmed by “…Rodrico Vermudo, sennor Didaco Alvarez, Ordonio Ordonioz…”[427]. "Cometissa domna Onneca, Gomiz Fredenandiz prolis" donated property “in territorio…Borueva in villa…Ecclesiasindenia” to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, for the soul of "mi…filio Garsiano", by charter dated 10 Nov 1062, confirmed by “…sennor Nunno Alvarez, sennor Roderico Bermudez, sennor Sarracino Hanniz, sennor Didaco Alvarez, sennor Hanni Hanniz, sennor Ordoni Ordoniz, sennor Fredinando Rodriz, sennor Alvaro Rodriz, sennor Eximino Lopiz, sennor Salvator Gondissalviz, sennor Galindo Belasquiz”[428]. Her two marriages are suggested by the charter dated 1050 under which "Senior Furtun Sancii…cum uxor mea dompna Tota" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, for the soul of "socer meus regi Garsea Ranimiriz", and names "frater meus senior Garsea Fortuniones"[429], assuming that the latter was the same García Fortúnez who is recorded in the other charters cited above as Oneca´s son. It is not known which of Oneca´s husbands was Conde as neither has yet been identified beyond their names. Her marriages to Navarrese noblemen were presumably arranged by her paternal aunt who was queen of Navarre (see below). m [firstly/secondly] FORTÚN, son of ---. m [firstly/secondly] SANCHO, son of ---.

ii) [FERNANDO Gómez (-after 1020). Carlé suggests that the Fernando and Rodrigo Gómez who confirmed a donation of Fernando Flaínez in 1020 were sons of Gómez Fernández[430].]

iii) [RODRIGO Gómez (-after 1020). Carlé suggests that the Fernando and Rodrigo Gómez who confirmed a donation of Fernando Flaínez in 1020 were sons of Gómez Fernández[431].]

c) ELVIRA Fernández (-after 978). She is named in 978[432].

d) GOTINA Fernández (-after [13 Nov 1028]). "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed the donation of the monastery of San Ermeterio and San Celedonio de Taranco to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz", by charter dated [13 Nov 1028][433]. Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 18 Sep 1042 under which "Ordonius domni Veremundis regis filius…cum coniuge mee Fronilde Pelagius comite filia…et filiis nostris Veremundo Ordoniz, Sanctio Ordoniz et Fredenando Ordoniz et Ximena" donated "…villa…in Asturias territorio Oveto villa…fuit…de avio nostro Fredenando Veremudez…" to León Cathedral[434]. m PELAYO Rodríguez, son of --- (-before [13 Nov 1028]).

e) JIMENA Fernández (-after 1035). “Garssia Santionis rex, Eximinia regina…” confirmed the charter dated 15 Feb 991 under which "Santio Garsseanis rex…cum coniux mea Urraca regina" donated property to the monastery of Leire[435]. "Sancio rex…cum…subole Urraca regina et vina prole Garsea et coniux eius Eximina et Gundessalvo" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 992[436]. "Garsea rex et uxor mea Eximina, cum domna Urracha regina" donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Siresa by charter dated to [995/1004][437]. Her parentage is suggested by the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which her great grandson Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "uilla…Cento Fontes qui fuit de abio meo comes Fredenando Ueremudiz…in ripa de Estola…et monasterio de Cisterna" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz"[438]. “Garsea Sancioni rex…cum coniux mea Eximina” donated property to the monastery of Leire by charter dated 31 Dec [997][439]. "Sancius…rex" recommended the rule of St Benedict to the monastery of Leire by charter dated 21 Oct 1022, subscribed by "Eximina regina mater regis, Regina domna Muma, Garsia et Ranimirus, Gundesalbus et Fernandus"[440]. "Domna Eximina regina, mater Sancioni regis" bought property from "senior Oveco Didaz" by charter dated 1028[441]. "Scemena regina…et filia mea Urraca regina et xristi ancillas" donated property "in territorio Coza super castrum de Muza inter duos rivulos Karrione et Aratoi" to Santiago de Compostela, naming "genitores nostri Fredenandus Ueremudiz et dna. Geluira", by charter dated 26 Sep 1028, subscribed by "Scemena Regina, Urraca regina, Veremudus rex, Scemena regina…"[442]. m (before 981) GARCÍA Sánchez de Navarra, son of SANCHO II Garcés Abarca King of Navarre, Conde de Aragón & his wife Urraca de Castilla ([964]-after 8 Dec 999). He succeeded his father 994 as GARCÍA IV Sánchez King of Navarre, Conde de Aragón.

f) [JUSTA Fernández (before [955]-). Her parentage and marriage are suggested by her husband being named in her mother´s document dated 975[443]. However, the charter dated 15 Jul 1009 (quoted below) shows that all the known children of Flaín Muñoz were born from his marriage to Justa Pépiz, whom he must therefore have married well before 15 Jul 991 when she is first named with her patronymic. The question is further complicated by a charter dated 26 Feb 1020, under which Fernando Flaínez (son of Flaín Muñoz) donated the monastery and town of Pereda to San Marcos, which states that one of the properties "Sajambre" had belonged to "Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri"[444]. The only apparent explanation for these two contradictory sources appears to be that Justa Fernández and Justa Pépiz were in fact the same person and that "Pépiz" represented some sort of nickname not a patronymic. m ([before 975]) [as his first wife,] FLAÍN Muñoz, son of MUNIO Flaínez & his wife Froiloba Vermúdez (-[998/11 Mar 1003]).]

2. PIÑOLO Vermúdez (-after 13 Aug 949). "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida by charter dated 13 Aug 949, confirmed by "Velasquita coniux, Fredenandi prolis, Pinioli prolis"[445].

3. JIMENA Vermúdez (-after 13 Aug 949). "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida by charter dated 13 Aug 949, confirmed by "Velasquita coniux, Fredenandi prolis, Pinioli prolis", witnessed by "…Scemena prolis…"[446].

4. FROILOBA Vermúdez (-after 17 Sep 963). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 8 Jul 985 under which her daughter "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[447]. "Bagauda cognomento Zidi" donated "terra…in Autario Maurisco" to "Monio Flainiz et uxore tua Froileoba" for Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas by charter dated 23 Dec 947[448]. "Monnio Flainz et uxor Froileuve" bought property "in valle de Laurenzo" by charter dated 29 Dec 947[449]. “Guntina” sold property “in uilla Zissani” to “Munnio Flainizi et uxori uestre Froileuua” by charter dated 17 Apr 955[450]. "Ruderigo" sold property "in Uale Lagonegio" to "Munnio Flayniz et uxore vestre Freyleua" (presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas) by charter dated 31 Oct 961[451]. She acquired property in Noanca without her husband 19 Jun 962 and 17 Sep 963[452]. m (before 13 Aug 947) conde MUNIO Flaínez, son of FLAÍN Díaz & his wife --- (-[31 Oct 961/19 Jun 962]).

5. [VELA Vermúdez (-after 27 Mar 976). Torres suggests that Vela was another son of Vermudo Núñez, highlighting the names of his children which are typical of the family[453]. The names of the witnesses to the following document are all identified as members of the same family. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[454].] m ---. The name of Vela's wife is not known. Vela & his wife had three children:

a) NUÑO Vélaz (-after 27 Mar 976). The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[455].

b) VERMUDO Vélaz (-before 26 Jan 1027, bur Lugo). The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[456].

- see below.

c) ARGILO Vélaz (-after 27 Mar 976). The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[457].

6. [ÁLVARO Vermúdez (-after 25 Aug 976). "Fredenando Assuriz et uxor Tota" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Aug 976, confirmed by "…Albar Virmundiz, Obeco Virmundiz…"[458].]

7. [OVECO Vermúdez (-after 25 Aug 976). "Fredenando Assuriz et uxor Tota" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Aug 976, confirmed by "…Albar Virmundiz, Obeco Virmundiz…"[459].]

8. [TRUCTINO Vermúdez (-after 8 Jan 978). “...Fredenandus Uermudiz...Tructinus Ueremudi...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[460].]

9. [GONZALO Vermúdez (-after 992). Álvarez Palenzuela suggests that Gonzalo Vermúdez was the possible son of Vermudo Núñez[461]. Torres considers that this affiliation is unlikely considering that King Vermudo II described him as "Gundisalbus, Ueremudi filius, qui atuenam huyus terre nostre fuerat"[462]. Gonzalo is not mentioned among the possible children of Vermudo Núñez by Salazar Acha[463]. Tenente in Luna. “...Fredenandus Veremudiz...Gundisaluus Ueremudiz...” confirmed the charter dated 17 Sep 968 under which Ramiro III King of León donated “de comitatu de Mera III, de Nallare IV...et Parriga media et IV de comitato Nemitos” to Sobrado[464]. “...Fredenandus Uermudi...Gundisaluus Ueremudi...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[465]. “...Fredenandus Ueremudiz...Gundesalbus Ueremudiz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[466]. “...Gundissalvus Veremundiz...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[467]. Gonzalo Vermúdez, Munio Fernández and Pelayo Rodríguez led one of the most successful rebellions against King Vermudo II, which succeeded in expelling the king from León, dated to between Nov 991 and Sep 992[468].] m ILDONZA Ramírez, daughter of RAMIRO Menéndez & his wife Adosinda Gutiérrez. Gonzalo & his wife had one child:

a) MUNIADOMNA González (-after 6 Apr 1005). "Dominico Zitiz et uxor mea Flora" donated "villa…Morales…" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Apr 1005, the dating clause of which records "Garsea comite in Zeia et in Graliare", confirmed by "Serbando Zitiz, Garsea ibidem Gomiz, Domna Momadonna cometissa"[469]. A charter of Sahagún dated 1036 records that "Comes Domno Garsea […Gomiz] et mater eius" [referring back to "Domna Mumadona comitissa"] donated property to Sahagún monastery by way of "dotis ad uxore sua Domna Mumadona"[470]. m (before 986) conde GARCÍA Gómez, Conde en Saldaña y Liébana, son of conde GÓMEZ Díaz & his wife Muniadomna Fernández (-after 1017).

F. FAMILY of PIÑOLO GUNDEMÁRIZ

PIÑOLO Gundemáriz, son of GUNDEMAR --- & his wife --- (-after 20 Jan 962). “...Pinnol Gondemariz...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jun 954 under which King Ordoño III donated “eglesia...Sancti Claudii, Luperci et Uictorici in arraballde...civitatis Legione” to the church of León[471]. "Fortunius Garseani" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 20 Jan 962, confirmed by "…Piniolus Gundemari…"[472].

m JIMENA Vélaz, daughter of VELA Nuñez & his wife Totilde ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter at Corias which records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”, and adding that Jimena Vela was “mater comitissa Aragonti de qua...natus est Piniolus comes”[473].

Piñolo & his wife had [seven] children:

a) GUNDEMARO Pinioliz (-before 1012). Armiger 976. “...Gundemarus Pinioliz...” subscribed the charter dated 24 Dec 988 under which Vermudo II King of León donated “homines...in Uangueses cum incommuniatos de Cegio” to Celanova[474]. Conde en Asturias 996. m MUNIADOMNA, daughter of ---. Gundemaro & his wife had one child:

i) FERNANDO Gundemáriz (-after 1044). "[Ermegildus cognomento] Menendus Folienz…cum uxore sua…Gunterode Ordoniz" donated "villa…Tauoadelo quos fuit de comes domno Gundisaluo Menendi" to Vimeiro, naming "Ordonio Ranemiriz et sua mulier domna Geluira…suo genro Fredenando Gundemariz et…sua mulier Mummadomna Ordoniz", by charter dated 31 Mar 1045[475]. [m JIMENA de Léon, daughter of ALFONSO V King of León & his [first/second wife Elvira Menéndez/Urraca García de Navarra] ([1016/25]-). Menéndez Pidal hypothesises that “Jimena”, wife of Fernando Gundemáriz, was the daughter of Alfonso V King of León (and grandmother of Jimena Díaz, who married Rodrigo Díaz "el Cid")[476]. His theory attempts to explain why [her supposed granddaughter] Jimena was described as "neptem suam" by Alfonso VI King of Castile[477]. There are several difficulties with Menéndez Pidal´s hypothesis. Firstly, no source has been identified which names Fernando´s wife as Jimena. Secondly, the wife of Fernando Gundemáriz is named Muniadomna Ordóñez in another source: "[Ermegildus cognomento] Menendus Folienz…cum uxore sua…Gunterode Ordoniz" donated "villa…Tauoadelo quos fuit de comes domno Gundisaluo Menendi" to Vimeiro, naming "Ordonio Ranemiriz et sua mulier domna Geluira…suo genro Fredenando Gundemariz et…sua mulier Mummadomna Ordoniz", by charter dated 31 Mar 1045[478]. Thirdly, Fernando´s known wife Muniadomna was the niece of Elvira Menéndez, wife of King Alfonso V, which represents a sufficiently close family relationship for King Alfonso VI to call her granddaughter “neptem suam” (assuming that the term was used in an extended sense, which is not at all uncommon). Fourthly, the chronology appears tight for a daughter of King Alfonso V to have been the grandmother of Jimena (whose marriage is dated to 1074). The evidence for the supposed marriage of this Jimena de León therefore appears slight.] m MUNIADOMNA Ordóñez, daughter of ORDOÑO Ramírez & his wife Elvira --- (-[before 1045]). "[Ermegildus cognomento] Menendus Folienz…cum uxore sua…Gunterode Ordoniz" donated "villa…Tauoadelo quos fuit de comes domno Gundisaluo Menendi" to Vimeiro, naming "Ordonio Ranemiriz et sua mulier domna Geluira…suo genro Fredenando Gundemariz et…sua mulier Mummadomna Ordoniz", by charter dated 31 Mar 1045[479]. Fernando & his wife had [three] children:

(a) DIEGO Fernández . An undated charter at Corias records that “Didacus Fernandi filius comitis Fernandi Gommariz” sold “villam de Varzenella” to “Adefonsus Moniz cognomento Tarasia”, the latter donating the property “Era MCLXX” [1132][480], although it is difficult to reconcile this date with a grant made by a son of Fernando Gundemáriz. The question then arises as to the later career of this Diego Fernández, one possibility being that he was DIEGO Fernández Conde [in Asturias].

(b) URRACA Fernández (-after 1083). She names her father Fernando Gundemáriz in her confirmation of the 1083 document of Rodrigo Díaz, in which she is described as "amitae suæ" in relation to the latter, which relates to his and his siblings' claim to the monastery of Tol[481].

(c) [CRISTINA . Torres refers to a copy of a document at Oviedo, the original of which has disappeared, which names “Cristina” as the mother of Jimena, daughter of Diego Fernández Conde [in Asturias] and wife of Rodrigo Díaz "el Cid"[482]. Menéndez Pidal hypothesises that Diego´s wife was the daughter of Fernando Gundemáriz[483]. As noted above, another possibility is to identify Diego Fernández with the son of Fernando Gundemáriz (see above). It should be noted that it is not necessary that Conde Diego married a second wife at all in order to explain the various family relationships which are specified in the charters quoted in this section. m [as his second wife,] DIEGO Fernández Conde [in Asturias, son of ---.]

b) ELVIRA Pinioliz (-after 1034). “La condesa Elvira Pinioliz” donated the villa of Gomean to the church of Lugo, for the soul of her husband “conde Vermudo Velaz” buried in the monastery, by charter dated 26 Jan 1027[484]. The same donation was ratified by another charter dated 1034 which is confirmed by “Geloira Christi ancilla prolis Pinioli, Ovecus comes prolis Veremundi, Pelagio Veremundi, Adosinda Veremundi, Gugina Deo vota Christi ancilla, Mansuara Veremundi”[485]. In another document dated 1034, she mentions Adosinda, Gotina and Mansuara Vermúdez presumed to be her daughters[486]. m VERMUDO Vélaz, son of VELA Vermúdez & his wife --- (-before 26 Jan 1027, bur Lugo).

c) [NUÑO Pinioliz (-[1000]).]

d) [OVECO Pinioliz .]

e) ARAGONTA Pinioliz . Her marriage is confirmed by an undated charter at Corias which records that [her son] “comes Sancius Xemeni” inherited “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Canero” from “patre suo comite Xemeno Xemeniz et de matre sua comitissa Aragonti” and donated it to Corias[487]. Her maternal ancestry is confirmed by a charter at Corias records that “comes Vela et uxor eius comitissa Todildi” reconstructed “monasterium Sancti Micaelis de Varzena”, specifying that they had “iiiior filios Vermutus Velaz, Sancio Velaz, Ouevo Velaz, Xemena Vela”, and adding that Jimena Vela was “mater comitissa Aragonti de qua...natus est Piniolus comes”[488]. Her paternal ancestry is suggested by her naming her son Piñolo, and also by the connection of the latter with her supposed sister Auria (see below). m JIMENO Jiménez, son of JIMENO Díaz & his wife Adosinda Gutiérrez ([945/50]-).

f) AURIA Pinioliz (-after 1026). “El conde Piñolo y la condesa Aldonza” bought property “la mitad de Veiga de Meredo” from “Auria Pinioliz” by charter dated 1026[489]. Assuming that the patronymic of the mother of conde Piñolo Jiménez was “Pinioliz”, Auria would presumably have been Piñolo´s maternal aunt.

g) MUNIA Pinioliz . “Piniolus Ximenez comes et coniux mea comitisa Ildoncia Munionis” founded the monastery of San Juan de Corias, including the donation of property “...in Navego illa villa de Palacio quæ fuit de sororibus nostris Auria et Munia”, by charter dated 1044[490].

G. FAMILY of DIEGO FERNÁNDEZ

1. DIEGO Fernández (-[before 24 Jul 1046]). There are two possibilities for the parentage of Diego Fernández. Either he could have been Diego Fernández, son of Fernando Gundemáriz & his wife Muniadomna Ordóñez or, secondly, he could have been Diego Fernández, son of Fernando Flaínez & his wife Elvira Peláez. Discussion about the relative merits of each case appears to revolve around the description of his daughter Jimena as "nieta del rey don Alfonsso [indicating Alfonso VI King of Castile], filla del conte don Diago de Asturias" in the "Corónicas" Navarras (as well as in other narrative sources)[491]. Menéndez Pidal, in order to explain this family relationship, hypothesised that Diego´s [second] wife “Cristina” was the daughter of Fernando Gundemáriz and his supposed wife “Jimena, daughter of Alfonso V King of León”[492]. This approach would be consistent with the second possible parentage noted above, but as discussed in Part F of the present chapter under Fernando Gundemáriz, there appear to be several difficulties with the hypothesis. A more straightforward solution is the first possible parentage noted above, which would satisfactorily explain the family relationship with King Alfonso VI and does not require any speculation about the parentage of Diego´s second wife. Conde. "Diaco Fernandiz comes" confirmed the charter dated 19 Jan [1026] under which "Stephanus presbiter" donated "ipsa corte" to the monastery of San Andrés, San Facundo and San Martín in Tolia, Zamora[493]. “...Didacus Fredenandiz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 30 Dec 1028 under which Vermudo III King of León donated “villam...Cordario” to Santiago de Compostela[494]. The 24 Jul 1046 charter of his daughter Oneca [Mayor] appears to indicate that her parents were both deceased at that date. m [firstly] ELVIRA Ovéquiz, daughter of conde OVECO Sánchez & his wife Elo ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated 24 Jul 1046 which refers to property which “comitissa domna Gelvira et…viro suo Didaco Fredenandi” inherited from “comite domno Oveco et domna Eilo”, another charter dated 19 Apr 1058 specifying that “conde Oveco Sanchez” was father of Elvira[495]. [m secondly [CRISTINA], daughter of [FERNANDO Gundemáriz & his wife Muniadomna Ordóñez]. Torres refers to a copy of a document at Oviedo, the original of which has disappeared, which names “Cristina” as the mother of Jimena, daughter of Diego Fernández Conde [in Asturias] and wife of Rodrigo Díaz "el Cid"[496]. Menéndez Pidal hypothesises that Diego´s wife was the daughter of Fernando Gundemáriz[497]. As noted above, another possibility is to identify Diego Fernández with the son of Fernando Gundemáriz (see above). It should be noted that it is not necessary that Conde Diego married a second wife at all in order to explain the various family relationships which are specified in the charters quoted in this section.] Diego & his [first] wife had one child:

a) ONECA [Mayor] Díaz (before [1030]-after 19 Apr 1058). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated 24 Jul 1046 under which “Oneca Diaz…cum viro meo Gundemaro Joannes” declared themselves “vigarius et personarius de comite Didaco Fredenandi et de comitissa domna Gelvira” and refers to property which “comitissa domna Gelvira et…viro suo Didaco Fredenandi” inherited from “comite domno Oveco et domna Eilo”, together with another charter dated 19 Apr 1058 which specifies that “conde Oveco Sanchez” was father of Elvira[498]. Assuming that the 24 Jul 1046 charter, quoted below, is correctly dated, it is unlikely that Oneca was born later than 1030 considering that she was already married at that date. Bearing in mind the chronology of her mother and maternal grandparents, it is probable that she was born much earlier than this. [Fernando Díaz granted the monastery of Santa María in Oviedo to his wife Enderquina Muñoz as arras by charter dated 17 Apr 1097, the document naming his wife´s father, her brother-in-law Rodrigo Díaz and her sister-in-law Mayor Díaz together with the latter's husband Golmaro Ioannes[499]. The text of this document has not yet been checked to confirm whether it includes references to the actual relationships "brother-in-law" and "sister-in-law", whether the language indicates that the named individuals were alive or deceased at the time, and the context in which they are named (subscribers, joint holders of the property etc). The reference to Golmaro Ioannes suggests that "Mayor Díaz" was the same person as "Oneca Díaz" who is named in the 24 Jul 1046 charter, as "Golmaro" could be a variation of the name Gundemaro. However, assuming that the 17 Apr 1097 charter indicates that the named individuals were alive at the time, Oneca Díaz and her husband Gundemaro Ioannes would have been rather old at the time. Until the 17 Apr 1097 charter is checked, it is preferable to highlight the doubt about this co-identity by showing this charter in square brackets.] m (before 24 Jul 1046) GUNDEMARO [Golmaro] Yáñez, son of JUAN --- & his wife ---. "Gundemaro Iohannes" confirmed two diplomas of King Fernando I in 1053 and 1056[500]. He was the brother of Flámula and Goina[501].

Diego & his [first/second] wife had four children:

b) RODRIGO Díaz (-before 1090). "…Ruderico Didaz, Fernando Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "…hereditates que fuerunt de comitisssa domina Geluira filia comes Faffila Fernandiz…in ripa de Estola et in illa terra de Sumontia" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz"[502]. In 1083, he and his siblings Fernando and Jimena Díaz claimed rights to the monastery of San Salvador de Tol[503]. Conde [de Asturias]. "...Rodricus Didaz commes, Fernando Didaz commes..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[504]. "...Rudericus Didaz, Fredinando Didaz..." confirmed the charter dated 14 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI granted freedoms and exemptions to Sahagún[505]. “...Comite Roderigo Didaz...” [signing second] subscribed the charter dated 29 Mar 1085 under which "comitissa de terra Spanensi...Iusta" sold property to “...comite domno Petro...et uxore vestre comitissa domna Eilo”[506]. [Fernando Díaz granted the monastery of Santa María in Oviedo to his wife Enderquina Muñoz as arras by charter dated 17 Apr 1097, the document naming his wife´s father, her brother-in-law Rodrigo Díaz and her sister-in-law Mayor Díaz together with the latter's husband Golmaro Ioannes[507]. The text of this document has not yet been checked to confirm whether it includes references to the actual relationships "brother-in-law" and "sister-in-law", whether the language indicates that the named individuals were alive or deceased at the time, and the context in which they are named (subscribers, joint holders of the property etc). Concerning "Rodrigo Díaz" who is named in this document, there are two possibilities: either Rodrigo Díaz, son of Diego Fernández, or Rodrigo Díaz, husband of Jimena Díaz (see below), both of whom were "brother-in-law" of Enderquina Muñoz. Until the 17 Apr 1097 charter is checked, it is preferable to highlight the doubt about this co-identity by showing this charter in square brackets.] m GONTRODO, daughter of ---. She is named as the wife of Rodrigo Díaz in documentation from Corias[508].

c) FERNANDO Díaz (-[killed in battle Uclés May 1108]). "…Ruderico Didaz, Fernando Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "…hereditates que fuerunt de comitisssa domina Geluira filia comes Faffila Fernandiz…in ripa de Estola et in illa terra de Sumontia" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz"[509].

- ASTURIAS de OVIEDO.

d) JIMENA Díaz (-1106). The "Corónicas" Navarras record that "este meo Çid" married "dona Xemena, nieta del rey don Alfonsso, filla del conte don Diago de Asturias"[510]. "Ruderigo Didaz" accepted as his wife "Scemena filia Didago ducis de terra Asturiense" and granted property "in territorio Kastelle…in Cavia" to her, including "villas que michi saccarunt Albaro Faniz et Albaro Albariz sobrinis meis", with "comes Petro Assuriz et comes Garsea Ordonniz" as guarantors, by charter dated 19 Jul 1074[511]. "Rodric Diaz et uxor mea Scemena" donated property to the abbey of Silos by charter dated 12 May 1076[512]. She attempted to retain control of Valencia after her husband's death but finally evacuated the city Apr/May 1102. The Anales Toledanos record the death in 1106 of “Dona Ximena su muger [del Cid]”[513]. m ([19 Jul] 1074) RODRIGO Díaz de Vivar "El Cid Campeador", son of Diego Laínez & his wife Teresa Rodríguez (Vivar near Burgos [1043]-Valencia [10] Jul 1099, bur Cardeña). Alférez of Sancho II King of Castile 1066. Lord and independent ruler of Valencia 1094-1099.

e) AUROVITA Díaz . She is named as sister of Rodrigo and Fernándo Díaz in their 1083 donation to the monastery of San Vicente, which also gives the name of her husband[514]. m MUNIO Godestéiz, son of ---. He fought with his brother-in-law Rodrigo Díaz "el Cid" and accompanied his widow Jimena Díaz after his death[515].

H. OTHER NOBLE FAMILIES in ASTURIAS

1. FÁFILA Spasández (-after 11 Mar 981). “Comes Fafila Spasandiz...cum uxore mea comitissa Hurracca” donated “villas...in Asturias prope Ovetum territorio Syero secus flumen Novenia...habuimus de avis et parentibus nostris” to Oviedo by charter dated 11 Mar 981, confirmed by “Didacus Ordoñez, Sisnandus Vimarediz”[516]. m URRACA ---, daughter of --- (-after 11 Mar 981). “Comes Fafila Spasandiz...cum uxore mea comitissa Hurracca” donated “villas...in Asturias prope Ovetum territorio Syero secus flumen Novenia...habuimus de avis et parentibus nostris” to Oviedo by charter dated 11 Mar 981[517].

1. RODRIGO Díaz . Conde. He confirmed a donation to the monastery of Sahagún dated 8 Jul 985[518]. m MARINA Froílaz, daughter of FRUELA Vimárez & his wife Adosinda ---. Rodrigo & his wife had one child:

a) ADOSINDA Rodríguez . m GARCÍA Ovéquiz, son of OVECO --- & his wife Gotina García.

1. OVECO ---, son of ---. m GOTINA García, daughter of ---. Oveco & his wife had one child:

a) GARCÍA Ovéquiz . m ADOSINDA Rodríguez, daughter of RODRIGO Díaz & his wife Marina Froílaz. García & his wife had one child:

i) ENDERQUINA García . She names her parents and grandparents in a document of the Cathedral of Oviedo[519]. m MARTÍN Vermúdez, son of VERMUDO Armentáriz & his wife Pelaya [Ordóñez de León].

1. MUNIO Fernández (-before 28 Jun 1056). Conde. No reference has been found to Conde Munio Fernández acting in his own capacity. m MAYOR Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Rodríguez & his wife Anderquina Fróilaz (-after 1084). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Maiur fuit uxor Munio Fredinandiz et habuit filios”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[520]. The wording of this document suggests that Mayor was a widow at the time. The absence of reference to children of Mayor and her husband suggests that the couple may have been childless, as the same document names the children of Mayor´s widowed sisters. “Condesa doña María hija dl Conde don Monio Rodríguez y Enderquina su mujer” freed serfs by charter dated 1084, which states “siendo señora de Asturias la condesa Elo”[521]. It is assumed that “Maria” was the same person as Mayor, the names being sometimes interchangeable in contemporary charters.

1. GONZALO --- (-before 28 Jun 1056). Conde. m ELO Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Rodríguez & his wife Anderquina Fróilaz (-after 1084). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[522]. The wording of this document suggests that Elo was a widow at the time. “Condesa doña María hija dl Conde don Monio Rodríguez y Enderquina su mujer” freed serfs by charter dated 1084, which states “siendo señora de Asturias la condesa Elo”[523]. Gonzalo & his wife had six children:

a) ANSUR González . “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[524]. “Petro Guntsalbiz...cum fratres meos Assur Reguntsalbiz et Munio Guntsalbit” donated “casas de Ckaoprices” to Santillana del Mar, for the soul of “fratre nostro Martino”, by charter dated 12 Jun “Era MLVI”[525].

b) PEDRO González . “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[526]. “Petro Guntsalbiz...cum fratres meos Assur Reguntsalbiz et Munio Guntsalbit” donated “casas de Ckaoprices” to Santillana del Mar, for the soul of “fratre nostro Martino”, by charter dated 12 Jun “Era MLVI”[527].

c) MUNIO González . “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[528]. “Petro Guntsalbiz...cum fratres meos Assur Reguntsalbiz et Munio Guntsalbit” donated “casas de Ckaoprices” to Santillana del Mar, for the soul of “fratre nostro Martino”, by charter dated 12 Jun “Era MLVI”[529].

d) MARTÍN González . “Petro Guntsalbiz...cum fratres meos Assur Reguntsalbiz et Munio Guntsalbit” donated “casas de Ckaoprices” to Santillana del Mar, for the soul of “fratre nostro Martino”, by charter dated 12 Jun “Era MLVI”[530].

e) JIMENA González . “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[531].

f) ALDONZA González . “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[532].

1. FERNANDO Muñoz . An undated charter at Corias records that “Fernandus Moniz et uxor eius Gelouira Vermuti cum filiis suis Roderico, Gonzaluo, Pelagio” donated “unam villam in Ragnezes” and two serfs there to Corias[533]. m ELVIRA Vermúdez, daughter of VERMUDO --- & his wife ---. An undated charter at Corias records that “Fernandus Moniz et uxor eius Gelouira Vermuti cum filiis suis Roderico, Gonzaluo, Pelagio” donated “unam villam in Ragnezes” and two serfs there to Corias[534]. Fernando & his wife had three children:

a) RODRIGO Fernández . An undated charter at Corias records that “Fernandus Moniz et uxor eius Gelouira Vermuti cum filiis suis Roderico, Gonzaluo, Pelagio” donated “unam villam in Ragnezes” and two serfs there to Corias[535].

b) GONZALO Fernández . An undated charter at Corias records that “Fernandus Moniz et uxor eius Gelouira Vermuti cum filiis suis Roderico, Gonzaluo, Pelagio” donated “unam villam in Ragnezes” and two serfs there to Corias[536].

c) PELAYO Fernández . An undated charter at Corias records that “Fernandus Moniz et uxor eius Gelouira Vermuti cum filiis suis Roderico, Gonzaluo, Pelagio” donated “unam villam in Ragnezes” and two serfs there to Corias[537].

1. VERMUDO Armentáriz, son of --- . m PELAYA [Ordóñez, daughter of ORDOÑO Ramírez de León & his wife Cristina Vermúdez de León]. Vermudo & his wife had one child:

a) MARTÍN Vermúdez . “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “hereditatibus...quas habui avis et parentibus meis...in omne regno Legionensi...in Asturias in valle de Candamo villam...Almunia medietatem...villam...Villanova medietatem...Lamero et fuit de Martino Veremudiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096[538]. m ENDERQUINA García, daughter of GARCÍA Ovéquiz & his wife Adosinda Rodrígez.

1. NUÑO Jiménez (-[after 22 Feb 1096]). “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “hereditatibus...quas habui avis et parentibus meis...in omne regno Legionensi...in Asturias in valle de Candamo villam...Almunia medietatem...villam...Villanova medietatem...Lamero et fuit de Martino Veremudiz...monasterio Sancti Emeterii portionem meam integram et de viro meo Nunno Xemeniz et portiones Gondimari Xemeniz et uxor eius Geloira Menendiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096[539]. m JIMENA Peláez, daughter of PELAYO --- & his wife --- (-after 22 Feb 1096). “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “hereditatibus...quas habui avis et parentibus meis...in omne regno Legionensi...in Asturias in valle de Candamo villam...Almunia medietatem...villam...Villanova medietatem...Lamero et fuit de Martino Veremudiz...monasterio Sancti Emeterii portionem meam integram et de viro meo Nunno Xemeniz et portiones Gondimari Xemeniz et uxor eius Geloira Menendiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096, which notes that “ego et vir meus et filiæ meæ mercedem...inveniamus apud Deum”[540]. Nuño & his wife had [two or more] children:

a) daughters . “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “...monasterio Sancti Emeterii portionem meam integram et de viro meo Nunno Xemeniz et portiones Gondimari Xemeniz et uxor eius Geloira Menendiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096, which notes that “ego et vir meus et filiæ meæ mercedem...inveniamus apud Deum”[541].

2. GUNDEMARO Jiménez (-before 22 Feb 1096). “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “hereditatibus...quas habui avis et parentibus meis...in omne regno Legionensi...in Asturias in valle de Candamo villam...Almunia medietatem...villam...Villanova medietatem...Lamero et fuit de Martino Veremudiz...monasterio Sancti Emeterii portionem meam integram et de viro meo Nunno Xemeniz et portiones Gondimari Xemeniz et uxor eius Geloira Menendiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096[542]. m ELVIRA Menéndez, daughter of MENENDO --- & his wife --- (-before 22 Feb 1096). “Christi ancilla Ximena Pelaiz” donated “hereditatibus...quas habui avis et parentibus meis...in omne regno Legionensi...in Asturias in valle de Candamo villam...Almunia medietatem...villam...Villanova medietatem...Lamero et fuit de Martino Veremudiz...monasterio Sancti Emeterii portionem meam integram et de viro meo Nunno Xemeniz et portiones Gondimari Xemeniz et uxor eius Geloira Menendiz...” to Oviedo by charter dated 22 Feb 1096[543].

1. JUAN Ordóñez (-after 23 May 1080). “...Iohanne Ordoniz potestate in Asturias” confirmed the charter dated 12 Mar 1079 under which King Alfonso VI confirmed the possessions of San Vicente de Oviedo[544]. Mayordomo regis. “...Iohannes Ordoniz maiordomus regis...” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1080 under which “Comitissa Gunterodo...cum filia mea comitissa Maior Froilaz et filiis suis neptis meis Froila Didaz et Antoninus Didaz” donated “monasterio...in Asturias in valle de Orna...Sancti Antonini” to Oviedo[545].

Chapter 2. LEON

A. ALFONSO FAMILY

ALFONSO Díaz, son of [DIEGO --- & his wife ---] (-[8 Nov 1024/24 Feb 1028]). “...Afonso Diaz...” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 984 under which "Garcia Gomez conde" donated his share of property "quam habeo de avorum parentumque meorum in villa…Calzatella in territorio de Carrione, in valle de Quoza" to Sahagún[546]. "Justa" exchanged land "in Piniares" with "Adefonso Didaz" by charter dated 6 Mar 997, which names “Monnio Vermudiz” as holder of adjacent property[547]. "…Adefonso Diaz…" confirmed the charter dated 21 Mar 1006 under which the abbot of Sahagún sold "villa in territorio Legionensi…Uncina" to "Ruderico Didazi filio"[548]. "Adefonso Diaz…" confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1018 under which the abbot of Sahagún recited the foundation of the abbey and the confirmation of its privileges by King Alfonso V[549]. Alfonso V King of León granted "villa de Elga…in territorio Graliare" to "Adefonso prolis Didaci" by charter dated 23 Sep 1019[550]. “Adefonsus prolix Didacus sive coniuge mee...Maria...aut filiis nostris” donated “vinia...in territorio Levanense” [Liébana] to Santillana del Mar by charter dated 16 Nov 1021, witnessed by “...abatisa Fronildi, Veila Munioz, Vermidus Braoliz, Tercia de Maiordomum, Fredinandus Vermudiz, Velliti Martiniz, Ordudus Frenandez...”[551]. Conde in Grajal: "Adefonso Didaz comes in Graliare…" confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 1024 under which "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún[552].

m MARÍA ---, daughter of --- (-after 1031). “Adefonsus prolix Didacus sive coniuge mee...Maria...aut filiis nostris” donated “vinia...in territorio Levanense” [Liébana] to Santillana del Mar by charter dated 16 Nov 1021[553]. Although her origin is uncertain, Martínez Sopena highlights that her son Munio Alfonso referred to property inherited from his "abio…Nuño Miréllez", pointing out that, from a chronological point of view, it would be more consistent if he had been Munio´s great-grandfather[554]. This refers to two documents. Firstly, "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" by charter dated 11 Feb 1042[555]. Secondly, the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[556]. Bearing in mind the other documents which are quoted in this section, particularly those relating to the wife of Otrosia (María´s probable sister), it is probable that María was her father´s daughter by an early marriage. "…Maria comitissa, Munnio Afonso, Guttier Afonso, Garsia Afonso" confirmed the charter dated 24 Feb 1028 under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún[557]. The absence of her husband implies that he had died before this date.

Alfonso & his wife had six children:

1. GUTIERRE Alfonso (-after 1059). “...Guterius Adefonsiz...Munnio Adefonso...Garsea Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[558]. The order of the names in the subscription list in this charter appears to confirm that Gutierre was the oldest of the three brothers, although in later documents Munio is named before his brother Gutierre. "…Maria comitissa, Munnio Afonso, Guttier Afonso, Garsia Afonso" confirmed the charter dated 24 Feb 1028 under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún[559]. "Gutierre Adefonsus…" confirmed the charter dated 14 Jun 1030 under which "Munnio Adefonsi prolix" donated "in locum…Ual de Rodias in illa Uarcena…quinta que me…inter fratribus" to Santa María de Piasca[560]. Conde: “...Munio Adifonso comite, Gutierre Adifonso comite...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[561]. "…Comite Munio Adefonso, Guttier Adefonso comes…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[562]. "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" by charter dated 11 Feb 1042, the dating clause of which records "comites Monnio Afonso et Gutierre Afonso in Ceia et in Saldania"[563]. "Gutier Adefonso qui et Dux et uxor mea Godo et filiis nostris" donated his rights in Villavicencio and Villela to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 26 Mar 1044[564]. "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 13 Mar 1045[565]. The dating clause of a charter dated 21 Feb 1047, under which "Munio Sarraciniz" donated “una heredad que fue de Tello Gonzalez...en Villavega de Rioseco” to “Diego Gonzalez”, records “comites Monio Adfonso et Gutierre Adfonso in Zeya et in Otero de Selles”[566]. “...Monio Adefonsi comes, Guterius Adefonsi comes...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[567]. Conde de Cea 1048. "…Munio Adefonso, Guttier Adefonso…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[568]. "Gutier Adefonsus comes…cum uxor mea Gotto" donated half of the villa of Fuentecillas to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1052[569]. m (before Dec 1031) GOTO ---, daughter of ---. Gutierre Alfonso and his wife Goto are named in a charter for Sahagún dated Dec 1031[570]. "Gutier Adefonso qui et Dux et uxor mea Godo et filiis nostris" donated his rights in Villavicencio and Villela to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 26 Mar 1044[571]. "Domna Tegridia comitissa" granted property "in villa Aquilare…terra de illa comitissa domna Ofreisa…solare de filiis aut de nietos de comite Guttierre Adifonso et de meas germanas domna Goto et domna Ofreisa" to "Annaya Peitriz" by charter dated 25 Dec 1047[572]. "Gutier Adefonsus comes…cum uxor mea Gotto" donated half of the villa of Fuentecillas to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1052[573]. Gutierre & his wife had seven children:

a) TELLO Gutiérrez (-after 25 Nov 1085). "Enderquina Adefonsi filia" donated "hereditates…in divisione…inter fratres et gentibus meis…Uilla Eliga", except "solare…qui fuit de Michael Petriz quem dedi sobrino meo Tello Gutterriz", to the monastery of San Martín and Santa María "etiam domna Urraka soror mea cum ceteris Christi ancillis hunc locum" by charter dated 15 Nov 1042[574]. “...Tello Gutterriz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1042 under which "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún[575]. "Tello Gutterriz" donated “hereditate...quam habui ex patre meo comite Guttier Afonso...in villa...Ualle Paradiso post obitum meum et post obitum sorori mee Uelasquita” to “Diaco Patrez” by charter dated 14 Jun 1059[576]. "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 May 1066[577]. “...Tello Gutierrez...Gutierre Telliz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Aug 1069 under which “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún[578]. "...Tel Gutterriz, Gutter Telliz" subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[579]. Mayordomo mayor of Alfonso VI King of Castile 15 Oct 1071, 17 Nov 1072, 10 Nov 1073 and Jan 1075[580]. "...Tello Gutierrez equinomius...Gutier Telliz, Sonna Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[581]. “...Tello Gutterriz...” confirmed the charter dated 7 Aug 1073 under which Alfonso VI King of Castile granted "racione in villa...Uilla Uellaco, territorio Graliare, discurrente flumine Aratoi" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet”[582]. “...Super mensa regis Tello Gutterriz...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Feb 1074 under which "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz”[583]. "...Tel Guttieriz, Guttier Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 1 Mar 1078 under which King Alfonso VI granted immunities to Sahagún[584]. "Uelasquita prolis Guterrizi" sold “uno solare...in...Uilla Filal discurrente ribulo Cisneiros...baselica Sancti Ioanis Batista” to “Suarius presbiter”, for the souls of “mee et de frater meus Tello Guterrizi”, by charter dated 21 Sep 1081[585]. It is not clear from the wording of this document whether Tello was alive or dead at the time. “De aula regie:...Tel Guterriz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1085 under which King Alfonso VI granted fueros to the populators of Sahagún[586]. m ---. The name of Tello´s wife is not known. Tello & his wife had [two children]:

i) [GUTIERRE Téllez (-after 14 Sep 1084). “...Tello Gutierrez...Gutierre Telliz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Aug 1069 under which “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún[587]. "...Tel Gutterriz, Gutter Telliz" subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[588]. The proximity and order of the names in the subscription lists in these two charters suggest that Gutierre was the son of Tello. "...Tello Gutierrez equinomius...Gutier Telliz, Sonna Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[589]. “...Guttier Telliz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Nov 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz”[590]. "...Tel Guttieriz, Guttier Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 1 Mar 1078 under which King Alfonso VI granted immunities to Sahagún[591]. “...Gutier Telliz” confirmed the charter dated 14 Sep 1084 under which “Pelagio Uermudez...cum avia mea domna Fronille” donated “in Castro Auageue meam porcionem...in Castro Benbibre...in Melgarello...” to Sahagún[592].]

ii) [SONA Téllez (-after 15 Oct 1071). "...Tello Gutierrez equinomius...Gutier Telliz, Sonna Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[593]. No proof has been found that Sonna Téllez was the son of Tello Gutiérrez. However, the position of his name following Gutierre Téllez, possible son of Tello, suggests that there may be a family relationship.]

b) VELASQUITA Gutiérrez (-after 21 Sep 1081). "Tello Gutterriz" donated “hereditate...quam habui ex patre meo comite Guttier Afonso...in villa...Ualle Paradiso post obitum meum et post obitum sorori mee Uelasquita” to “Diaco Patrez” by charter dated 14 Jun 1059[594]. "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 May 1066[595]. "Uelasquita prolis Guterrizi" sold “uno solare...in...Uilla Filal discurrente ribulo Cisneiros...baselica Sancti Ioanis Batista” to “Suarius presbiter”, for the souls of “mee et de frater meus Tello Guterrizi”, by charter dated 21 Sep 1081[596].

c) FRONILDE Gutiérrez (-after 14 Sep 1084). A charter dated 1 Oct 1059, which records the confiscation of land from "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus", records that King Fernando I exchanged “ipsa villa...Castro Auaiub medietate” for “villa...Ualdesalze” with “Fronili Gutterriz et filiis tuis Uermudo, Monnio et Xemena” in settlement of a claim made by “Fronili Pelaiz”, sister of Fernándo Peláez[597]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[598]. "Fronildi Gutterriz" granted “duos solares...habeo divisos inter meas germanas in villa...Auasta Mediana” to “Froila Citiz” by charter dated 28 Sep 1074[599]. A charter dated 9 Feb 1078 records that "Fronildi Gutterriz" had “filios et viro suo Fredinando Ordonniz: unus Uermudo et alius Munnio et alia Scemena”, that Munio became a monk “ad Sancti Petri Cluniacensi”, that Vermudo died leaving “filium parvulum non plus etate quam uno anno”, that the children inherited from “genetricem suam Fronildi Gutterriz...abeo de parentibus meis comite domno Guttier et comitissa domna Goto...in Aquilare...in Triqueros...in Zorita...in Ualle de Rodias...” including “neptum suum Pelagio filio Uermudo Fredenandiz” as if he had been legitimate to share with “domna Scemena consanguinea tua”[600]. “Pelagio Uermudez...cum avia mea domna Fronille” donated “in Castro Auageue meam porcionem...in Castro Benbibre...in Melgarello...” to Sahagún by charter dated 14 Sep 1084[601]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1104 under which her grandson "Pelagio Vermudiz filio Vermudo Fernandiz" entered Sahagún monastery and made donations and names "avola mea Fronildi Guterriz"[602]. m FERNANDO Ordóñez, son of Infante don ORDOÑO Vermúdez & his wife Fronilde Peláez (-before 1 Oct 1059).

d) ELO [Donello] Gutiérrez (-after 1074). "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[603]. m MUNIO ---, son of ---. Munio & his wife had one child:

i) PEDRO Muñoz "Bathallot" . An undated charter, dated to [1108/1110], lists “divisas in Sancto Martino de la Fonte et in Sancta Maria de Piasca”, including "divisa de Petro Monniz quem dicunt Batallioz quam habuit de matre sua Elo Gutterriz"[604].

e) TEGRIDIA Gutiérrez (-[20 Feb 1074/1080]). "Tigridia prolix Gutierz...cum filiis meis...Gundisaluo Fredenandiz et Sancio Fredenandiz" donated “solares...in villa...Fateme...et una tierra in villa...Onemer” to “Munio presbiter”, reserving rights after her death to “neptos de Adefonso Didaz”, by charter dated 2 Jan 1074[605]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[606]. m FERNANDO ---, son of ---. Fernando & his wife had two children:

i) GONZALO Fernández (-[before 3 Dec 1080]). "Tigridia prolix Gutierz...cum filiis meis...Gundisaluo Fredenandiz et Sancia Fredenandiz" donated “solares...in villa...Fateme...et una tierra in villa...Onemer” to “Munio presbiter”, reserving rights after her death to “neptos de Adefonso Didaz”, by charter dated 2 Jan 1074[607]. A charter dated to [3 Dec 1080] records that "Gundissalbo Ferrandiz" on his deathbed intended to donate all his property to Sahagún but was unable to execute the document, that this was challenged by “Martinus Flainiz...comes” but confirmed by the king, and sets out the provisions under which he donated “hereditatibus meis quas habeo de auiis et parentibus meis...medietatem quam habeo cum sorore mea domna Sancia in Uilla de Ordonmio et in Couellas...”[608]. The document suggests, but does not state expressly, that Gonzalo had died before that date. An undated charter, dated to [1108/1110], lists “divisas in Sancto Martino de la Fonte et in Sancta Maria de Piasca”, including "divisa de Gonsaluo Fernandiz quam habuit de matre sua Tegridia Gutterriz et de Fronildi Gutterriz"[609].

ii) SANCHA Fernández (-after 30 May 1105). "Tigridia prolix Gutierz...cum filiis meis...Gundisaluo Fredenandiz et Sancia Fredenandiz" donated “solares...in villa...Fateme...et una tierra in villa...Onemer” to “Munio presbiter”, reserving rights after her death to “neptos de Adefonso Didaz”, by charter dated 2 Jan 1074[610]. "Petro Moniz et uxor mea Sol Pelaiz cognomento Fronilli et filiis meis…Monio et Auro" donated "monasterium in villa…Alcotes sanctorum Petri et Pauli et sancte Marie…medietate de Ribella que fuit de Pelagio Rameliz quid me genuit" to León Cathedral by charter dated 20 Feb 1078[611]. A charter dated to [3 Dec 1080] records that "Gundissalbo Ferrandiz" on his deathbed intended to donate all his property to Sahagún but was unable to execute the document, that this was challenged by “Martinus Flainiz...comes” but confirmed by the king, and sets out the provisions under which he donated “hereditatibus meis quas habeo de auiis et parentibus meis...medietatem quam habeo cum sorore mea domna Sancia in Uilla de Ordonmio et in Couellas...”[612]. She confirmed numerous documents with her husband from 13 Nov 1084[613]. "Comes Martin Flainiz…cum uxore mea comitissa domna Santia…et filiis nostris" donated "solare…de Villa Fateme", donated by "domna Tegridia Guterriz mea sogra", to León Cathedral by charter dated 30 May 1105[614]. m (before [3 Dec 1080]) conde MARTÍN Flaínez, señor de Aguilar, son of conde FLAIN Fernández & his second wife Toda Fernández (-killed in battle Uclés May 1108, bur Monastery of Sahagún).

f) MARÍA Gutiérrez (-after [1088]). “Domna Ozicia et filius meus Alvaro Didaz et Didaco Didaz et filias meas Sol et Lumne" sold “quarta in Villa...Castrillo de Gomiz Gotiniz in Alfoce de Burgus” to “Nunnu Albariz et domna Maria” by charter dated 12 Jan 1065[615]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[616]. "Dompna Urraca filia Nunnu Alvarez" donated property, held by "meo tio Munnio Alvarez", and "mater mea domna Maria, filia Gutier Alfonso" donated other property, to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated [1088][617]. An undated charter, dated to [1108/1110], lists “divisas in Sancto Martino de la Fonte et in Sancta Maria de Piasca”, including "divisa de Maria Gutterriz et de sua germana Azenda Gutterriz" and “divisa de Maria Gutterriz quam habuit de Fronildi Gutterriz”[618]. m ([after 1046]) [as his second wife,] NUÑO Álvarez, son of ALVARO --- & his wife --- (-after 12 Jan 1065).

g) ADOSINDA Gutiérrez (-after 13 Jan [1071]). “Adusinda Gutierrez” donated "in Melgare in riba de Ceia...post obitum meum inter filiis et neptis de Gutier Adefonso" to “Monio Citez” by charter dated 18 Jan 1064[619]. “Adosinda Gutterriz Christi ancilla” donated "in Uilla Ordonio, medietate..." to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Jan [1071][620]. An undated charter, dated to [1108/1110], lists “divisas in Sancto Martino de la Fonte et in Sancta Maria de Piasca”, including "divisa de Maria Gutterriz et de sua germana Azenda Gutterriz"[621].

2. MUNIO Alfonso (-1051). “...Guterius Adefonsiz...Munnio Adefonso...Garsea Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[622].

- see below.

3. GARCÍA Alfonso (-after 1034). “...Guterius Adefonsiz...Munnio Adefonso...Garsea Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[623]."…Maria comitissa, Munnio Afonso, Guttier Afonso, Garsia Afonso" confirmed the charter dated 24 Feb 1028 under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún[624]. "…Garcia Adefonsiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Mar 1028 under which "Tarasia proles Ueremudi principis et xristi ancilla" donated property in León to Santiago de Compostela, for the soul of "genitricis mee dive memorie dne. Giloire regine"[625]. "…Garcia Adefonso…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[626]. Conde. “...Garcia Adefonso comes...” subscribed the charter dated 30 Dec 1028 under which Vermudo III King of León donated “villam...Cordario” to Santiago de Compostela[627].

4. ENDERQUINA Alfonso (-before 10 Dec 1046). "Enderquina Adefonsi filia" donated "hereditates…in divisione…inter fratres et gentibus meis…Uilla Eliga", except "solare…qui fuit de Michael Petriz quem dedi sobrino meo Tello Gutterriz", to the monastery of San Martín and Santa María "etiam domna Urraka soror mea cum ceteris Christi ancillis hunc locum" by charter dated 15 Nov 1042[628]. "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún by charter dated 10 Dec 1046[629]. "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[630]. "Comitissa Momadonna" donated “palacios...habeo...de viro meo comite Monnio Afonso...in monte de Abneza...racione que fuit de germana de viro meo domna Enderquina...in Fontezellas medietatem...in Gordaliza...in Uallezello...in flumine Pisoriga, in Planctatella terciam porcionem...de patre meo Gudesteo Diaz...solares de Planctatella populent in alia divisa que fuit de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteiz, filios de Petro Ouequiz” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo et de filio meo Petro Monniz”, by charter dated 2 Apr 1083[631].

5. ADOSINDA Alfonso (-before 8 May 1062). “Urracca filia Adefonsi et Maria” donated "uno solare in Uilla Elane quam habeo ex parte meorum parentorum...fuit ipso solare de Fortes inter filios et neptos de fratribus meis domno Monnio et domno Guttier aut inter filias de domna Adosinda soror mea...Goto et Monnia" by charter dated 8 May 1062[632]. "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama”, including property bought “cum mea coniermana comitissa domna Ildoncia et cum suos filios”, to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz” by charter dated 20 Mar 1064[633]. "Urraca Christi ancilla…cum omnes gentes meas filios et filias de…comite domno Monnio et filios et filias et neptis de…comité domno Gutier et filios et filias de…comitissa domna Adosinda" donated the monasteries of Santa María de Piasca and San Martín de la Fuente to León Cathedral by charter dated 27 Nov 1075[634]. The husband of Adosinda has not been identified but was presumably one of the condes named Munio who are named elsewhere in the present document. m MUNIO ---, son of ---. Conde. Munio & his wife had two children:

a) GOTO Muñoz (-[24 Apr 1062/25 Mar 1069]). "Osorio […Osoriz] et uxor mea Monnia et Monnio Nunniz et uxor sua Godo" donated "in Ualle de Cespete…monasterio…Sancta Elena" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1051[635]. “Urracca filia Adefonsi et Maria” donated "uno solare in Uilla Elane quam habeo ex parte meorum parentorum...fuit ipso solare de Fortes inter filios et neptos de fratribus meis domno Monnio et domno Guttier aut inter filias de domna Adosinda soror mea...Goto et Monnia" by charter dated 8 May 1062[636]. “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[637]. m MUNIO Núñez, son of [NUÑO Ermegíldez & his wife ---] (-after 1 Sep 1058).

b) MUNIA Muñoz (-after 12 Jan 1073). “Urracca filia Adefonsi et Maria” donated "uno solare in Uilla Elane quam habeo ex parte meorum parentorum...fuit ipso solare de Fortes inter filios et neptos de fratribus meis domno Monnio et domno Guttier aut inter filias de domna Adosinda soror mea...Goto et Monnia" by charter dated 8 May 1062[638]. "Osorio Osoriz cum conjuge mea Monnia" donated half of the monastery of San Felix de Bovadilla and, if they died without heirs, all their property to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[639]. "Osorio […Osoriz] et uxor mea Monnia et Monnio Nunniz et uxor sua Godo" donated "in Ualle de Cespete…monasterio…Sancta Elena" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1051[640]. "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes", by charter dated 15 May 1052[641]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064, which also records that “Munnia” donated “villa...que fuit de abiorum suorum...Patrocellos...quomodo illam tenuit auio suo Osoro Ermegildiz” for the soul of “filio meo Gutier Osoriz”[642]. "Munnia" donated “villa...quos fuit de aviorum suorum...Patrocellos et...villa...Cisnarios et de Arrogio...tenuit avio suo Osorio Ermegildiz et pater eius Osorio Osoriz”, for the soul of “filio meo Guttier Osoriz”, by charter dated 7 Oct 1065[643]. "Monnia prolix Munioni...cum filias Marina, Geluira, Adosinda" donated “uno solare...que habui de viro meo Osorio Osoriz in meas arras...Uilla Donemar in territorio de Cisnarios...” to “Pelaio Iohannes” by charter dated 23 Aug 1072[644]. “Monnia Monniz” donated “mea porcione de...monasterio in villa...Priamallias...Sancto Saluatore in alfoz de Nuanche territorio de Pennamian” to "Saluator Adrianz” by charter dated 12 Jan 1073[645]. m OSORIO Osóriz, son of OSORIO Ermegildiz & his wife Otrosia --- (-[7 Oct 1064/7 Oct 1065]).

c) sons (-after 27 Nov 1075). "Urraca Christi ancilla…cum omnes gentes meas filios et filias de…comite domno Monnio et filios et filias et neptis de…comité domno Gutier et filios et filias de…comitissa domna Adosinda" donated the monasteries of Santa María de Piasca and San Martín de la Fuente to León Cathedral by charter dated 27 Nov 1075[646].

6. URRACA Alfonso (-after 20 Mar 1078). "Enderquina Adefonsi filia" donated "hereditates…in divisione…inter fratres et gentibus meis…Uilla Eliga", except "solare…qui fuit de Michael Petriz quem dedi sobrino meo Tello Gutterriz", to the monastery of San Martín and Santa María "etiam domna Urraka soror mea cum ceteris Christi ancillis hunc locum" by charter dated 15 Nov 1042[647]. "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún by charter dated 10 Dec 1046[648]. “Urracca filia Adefonsi et Maria” donated "uno solare in Uilla Elane quam habeo ex parte meorum parentorum...fuit ipso solare de Fortes inter filios et neptos de fratribus meis domno Monnio et domno Guttier aut inter filias de domna Adosinda soror mea...Goto et Monnia" by charter dated 8 May 1062[649]. "Urraca Christi ancilla…cum omnes gentes meas filios et filias de…comite domno Monnio et filios et filias et neptis de…comité domno Gutier et filios et filias de…comitissa domna Adosinda" donated the monasteries of Santa María de Piasca and San Martín de la Fuente to León Cathedral by charter dated 27 Nov 1075[650]. "Urraka Deo deouota prolis Adefonsi comitis" donated “Uilla Hateme...in Abasta...in Uilla Dote et in Uilla Sicca et in Sancta Eolalia et in Ueciella” to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Mar 1078[651]. An undated charter, dated to [1108/1110], lists “divisas in Sancto Martino de la Fonte et in Sancta Maria de Piasca”, including "divisa de domna Urraka germana de comite domno Monnio Adefonso"[652].

MUNIO Alfonso, son of ALFONSO Díaz & his wife María --- (-1051). “...Guterius Adefonsiz...Munnio Adefonso...Garsea Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[653]. "…Maria comitissa, Munnio Afonso, Guttier Afonso, Garsia Afonso" confirmed the charter dated 24 Feb 1028 under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún[654]. "Munnio Adefonsi prolix" donated "in locum…Ual de Rodias in illa Uarcena…quinta que me…inter fratribus" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 14 Jun 1030[655]. Conde: “...Munio Adifonso comite, Gutierre Adifonso comite...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[656]. "…Comite Munio Adefonso, Guttier Adefonso comes…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[657]. "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" to “Diaco Gunsaluiz” by charter dated 11 Feb 1042, the dating clause of which records "comites Monnio Afonso et Gutierre Afonso in Ceia et in Saldania"[658]. "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 13 Mar 1045[659]. The dating clause of a charter dated 21 Feb 1047, under which "Munio Sarraciniz" donated “una heredad que fue de Tello Gonzalez...en Villavega de Rioseco” to “Diego Gonzalez”, records “comites Monio Adfonso et Gutierre Adfonso in Zeya et in Otero de Selles”[660]. “...Monio Adefonsi comes, Guterius Adefonsi comes...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[661]. "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[662]. "…Munio Adefonso, Guttier Adefonso…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[663].

m firstly GOTO Fernández, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. "Munnio Adefonsi prolix" donated "in locum…Ual de Rodias in illa Uarcena…quinta que me…inter fratribus" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 14 Jun 1030, confirmed by “...Goto Fredenandez, Gunteroda Monniuz”[664].

m secondly (before 6 Mar 1042) as her second husband, MUNIADOMNA Godestéiz, widow of NEPOCIANO Osóriz, daughter of GODESTEO Díaz & his wife Teresa Muñoz ([1005/15]-after 2 Apr 1083). "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona", specifying that if they had children they would share with "meo filio Adefonso", by charter dated 6 Mar 1042[665]. "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[666]. "Momadonna filia Gudesteo Didaz" donated "in Planctatella…mea racione…[et] de parte de comite domno Monnio habeo per dotem…et illas que filia mea Taresa de patre suo Nebzano Osoriz venit" to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Mar 1049[667]. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Moma donna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 28 May 1049[668]. "Domna Moniadomna et filio meo Petro Monio" donated "monasterii Sancti Laurentii" to the monastery of San Cosme y Damián y Santa Eufemia by charter dated 14 Jan 1052[669]. “Mamadonna filia Godesteo Didaz et de domna Taresia...cum filio meo Petro Munioz”, and “Munnio Gustioz...audivi ad supradicta soror mea Mamadonna”, donated property between the rivers Duero and Arlanza to Arlanza by charter dated 27 Apr 1054[670]. "Momadonna, Godesteo Didaz filia…cum filio meo Petro Monnioz" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 16 Nov 1055[671]. A charter dated 1 Sep 1058 records that "cometissa domna Momadomna...cum filio meo Petro" donated “in Ualle Rodias...in Cisnarios” to Santa María de Piasca, after the death of her husband “comes...Monnio Adefonso” and her older son “Iohannes in rudis infantie paruulum”[672]. "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama” to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz” by charter dated 20 Mar 1064[673]. "Domna Mamadona" donated "villa…Pilella in Ualle Matrigali…de viro suo Nepzano Osoriz…villa…Fonte Foiolo…de viro meo Munnio Adefonso ganavit illa in sua vita post morte de sua mulier domna Goto…et ad suo germano Guterri Adefonso" to León Cathedral, recording that "postea ipse comite mulier" had "duos filios Iohanne Muniz et Petro Muniz" who both predeceased her, by charter dated 28 Sep 1066[674]. "Mamadona dicta comitissa et Christi ancilla" donated property "quod fuit vir meus comite Munio Adefonso" to León Cathedral, adding that her sons predeceased her, by charter dated 6 Mar 1071[675]. A charter dated 3 May 1071 records that “comes...Munnio Adefonso” married “comitissa domna Momadonna”, that after he died “filii...unus...Petri...in iubenali etate occisus fuit a Sarracionum gente”, and that “comitissa...absque filiis” donated “in Quoza...de Uilla Fateme illa ereditate que fuit de Petro Fernandiz” to Santa María de Piasca, except “duos solares...alio de Saluator Martinez que dedi ad mea nepta Maria”[676]. “Momadonna Gudesteiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Curta iuxta riuulo Ceia...fuit de filio meo Iohanne Monniz" to “Gonsaluo Ansuriz...et uxori tue Sol Rodriquiz” by charter dated 18 Nov 1071[677]. "Momadonna prolis Gudestei Diaz" donated “uno solare in villa...Matancia” to “Michael Baltariz”, and after his death to “domna nepta Maria”, by charter dated 31 Oct 1077[678]. "Comitissa Momadonna" donated “palacios...habeo...de viro meo comite Monnio Afonso...in monte de Abneza...racione que fuit de germana de viro meo domna Enderquina...in Fontezellas medietatem...in Gordaliza...in Uallezello...in flumine Pisoriga, in Planctatella terciam porcionem...de patre meo Gudesteo Diaz...solares de Planctatella populent in alia divisa que fuit de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteiz, filios de Petro Ouequiz” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo et de filio meo Petro Monniz”, by charter dated 2 Apr 1083[679].

Munio & his first wife had one child:

1. ALFONSO Muñoz (-after 1059). "…Adefonsus Munnoz…" confirmed the charter dated 14 Jun 1030 under which "Munnio Adefonsi prolix" donated "in locum…Ual de Rodias in illa Uarcena…quinta que me…inter fratribus" to Santa María de Piasca[680]. "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[681]. Conde and tenente of Cea. "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[682]. m ILDONZA González, daughter of GONZALO Muñoz & his wife --- (-after 4 Jun 1097). "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[683]. “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated "hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanego...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce" to Sahagún, for the souls of “mee et de filia mee Goto prolis Adefonsi comitis et mee”, by charter dated 1 May 1071[684]. “Comidissa domina Ildonza prolis Conzalbizi” arranged with "Belliti Uitras et uxor tua domina Coto" to populate “solare in Campo” by charter dated 29 Mar 1092[685]. “Comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged "duas de Sancta Euuenia...super Melgar de Abduz et...alia tercia...que fuit de tua matre super flumine de Cea” with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi” for “Couelas...in riba de Dorio et...Ysornio...et Uilla Uelasco et Sancto Romano de illa Cuba et...Uilla Fexem...inter Uezela et flumine de Aradoi” by charter dated 11 May 1094[686]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated "monasterio...Sancti Petri in Ualle de Trikeros...vocitatur de Canalellias...mediam villam de Petrosa” to Sahagún by charter dated 29 Nov 1094, which also records that “Gotina Monniz” donated “unum solare...in Quintanella de Iuso quem dedit mihi ipsa comitissa”[687]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated “uno solare...in villa Gordaliza” to “Ugoni clerico” by charter dated 27 Feb 1095[688]. “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Gundisalui” donated “uno solare...in villa...Gordaliza...fuit...de Geluira” to “Michael Christouaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1095[689]. “Comitissa Eldonza Gonzaluiz” donated “uno solare in territorio Trikeros in villa...Quintanella de Iuso super Trikeros...” to “Pelagio Faildiz” by charter dated 28 Apr 1095[690]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated “divisa in Uilla Uelasco iuxta riuulo Aratoi” to Sahagún, for the soul of “Gunzaluo Adefonso filio meo”, by charter dated 4 Jun 1097[691]. [Mistress (1): FRONILDE ---, daughter of ---. “Gutterre Afonso et uxor mea Sancia...cum filiis meis Adefonso et Rodrico et mater mea Fronildi” donated “villa...Elgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 30 May 1069, confirmed by “Monnio Velasquiz, Gomiz Uelasquiz, Monnio Diaz, Diaco Osoriz, Osorio Diaz, Ermeildo Diaz”[692]. Alfonso & his wife had children:

a) MARTÍN Alfonso (-[1091/93], bur Sahagún). "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[693]. Alférez of Alfonso VI King of León 17 May 1066 to 13 Jan [1071]: “Martino Afonso armiger regis...” confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1066 under which "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún[694]. “Martino Adefonso armiger regis...” confirmed the charter dated 13 Jan [1071] under which “Adosinda Gutterriz Christi ancilla” donated "in Uilla Ordonio, medietate..." to Sahagún[695]. "…Martinus Adefonso armiger regis…" subscribed the charter dated 25 Jun 1066 under which "Urraca Fredenandi principis filia" donated property "in valle de vice territorio Portugale" to Santiago de Compostela[696]. Conde: “...Martinus Adelfonso comis...” confirmed the charter dated 1 Nov 1070 under which "Petro Petriz" donated “Uillanoba...in Escobare” to the monastery of San Mancio[697]. "Martino Afonso comes...Gonsaluo Afonso, Gutterre Afonso..." subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[698]. "...Martino Adfonso comes, Gundisalbo Adfonso armiger..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[699]. “...Martino Adefonso comes...Goncaluo Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jul 1073 under which “Fredinandus Flainiz” donated "hereditatem...in locum...Uilla Farauellos subtus Aucter Morisco iuxta Ceia” to Sahagún[700]. Tenente in Portello (1074), Septimanca (1088). “Comite Martino Adefonso...” [signing first] subscribed the charter dated 29 Mar 1085 under which "comitissa de terra Spanensi...Iusta" sold property to “...comite domno Petro...et uxore vestre comitissa domna Eilo”[701]. “…Martino Adefonso comite…” confirmed the charter dated 27 May [1085] by which “Renemirus infans, prolis Garseani principis” donated property to Santa María de Nájera[702]. "Aramir y su mujer Vita Gonzalviz" sold property in "Torre de Gundisalvo Gundisalviz" to "conde Martin Alfonso" by charter dated 16 Jan 1088[703]. "Comes Martinus [Alfonso]" donated the monastery of Santa María de Iscar to the monastery of San Zoilo de Carrión by charter dated 14 Sep 1089[704]. A charter dated 7 Sep 1090 records a dispute between Sahagún and “comite domno Petro et comite domno Martino” concerning “medietate de villa...Fonticellas”, donated by “comite Monnio Adefonso”, and “alia media villa...Sancti Romani que habuit comitissa domna Momadonna de incartatione viri sui comite Adefonso...et pro alias duas villas...Gordaliza et Uallicello”, and the donation made by “Petrus comes...cum uxore mea domna Eilo et Martinus comes...cum filiis meis” which settled the dispute[705]. “...Martinus comes in Septimanteas, Martinus comes in Aquilare” confirmed the charter dated 16 Sep 1090 which records that “domna Maiore” granted “hereditate quam habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in villa...Abduz” to “Petro Assuriz comes”[706]. m ---. The name of Martín´s wife is not known. Martín & his wife had [two or more] children:

i) children . A charter dated 7 Sep 1090 records a dispute between Sahagún and “comite domno Petro et comite domno Martino” concerning “medietate de villa...Fonticellas”, donated by “comite Monnio Adefonso”, and “alia media villa...Sancti Romani que habuit comitissa domna Momadonna de incartatione viri sui comite Adefonso...et pro alias duas villas...Gordaliza et Uallicello”, and the donation made by “Petrus comes...cum uxore mea domna Eilo et Martinus comes...cum filiis meis” which settled the dispute[707].

ii) URRACA . An exchange of property by the monastery of San Zoilo de Carrión by charter dated 3 Jun 1101 included land previously donated by "comitis donni Martini Adefonsi et ilius filiæ Urracha" (see above)[708].

b) MUNIO Alfonso . "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[709].

c) GONZALO Alfonso (-before [29 Nov 1094]). "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[710]. "Martino Afonso comes...Gonsaluo Afonso, Gutterre Afonso..." subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[711]. Alférez of Alfonso VI King of León 15 Oct 1071 to 23 Feb 1072. "...Martino Adfonso comes, Gundisalbo Adfonso armiger..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[712]. “...Gonsaluo Afonso armiger regis” confirmed the charter dated 18 Nov 1071 under which “Momadonna Gudesteiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Curta iuxta riuulo Ceia...fuit de filio meo Iohanne Monniz" to “Gonsaluo Ansuriz...et uxori tue Sol Rodriquiz”[713]. “...Martino Adefonso comes...Goncaluo Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jul 1073 under which “Fredinandus Flainiz” donated "hereditatem...in locum...Uilla Farauellos subtus Aucter Morisco iuxta Ceia” to Sahagún[714]. "...Gonsaluo Adefonso..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[715]. The dating clause of a charter dated 27 Apr 1084, under which “Obeco Flayniz” sold “erreditatem...que abemus de abibus et parentibus nostris in Kampo Tauro villas...Ualle et Quintanella...meas rationes” to “Guter Nebozaniz et uxoris uestra Scemena Obequiz et filiis vestris”, records “imperante Zamora comite Petro Ansuriz et Gundisalbo Adefonso...”[716]. A charter dated to [29 Nov 1094] records donations made by “Ildonza comitissa” to Sahagún, including property donated for the soul of "germana mea Auro” and for the soul of “Gonzaluo Afonso filio meo”[717].

d) MARÍA Alfonso . "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[718].

e) MAYOR Alfonso . "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[719].

f) EILO Alfonso (-before 13 Jun 1113). "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[720]. "Fernando Ermegildiz et uxor mea donna Juliana et filiis nostris" sold property to "comite Petro Asuriz et uxor vestra Ailoni comedissa" by charter dated 17 Jun 1084[721]. "Comes Petrus Assurez et uxor mea comdessa domna Elo" donated property to the abbey of Silos by charter dated 1085, witnessed by "Guthier Thelez, Munio Blasquez de Campos, Flayn Fernandez, Pelagio Dominguez, Didacus Vermudez, Gutier Gundisalviz, Fredinando Rodriguez"[722]. "Comes Petrus Ansuriz" donated "hereditatem patris mei quas dimisit germano meo comitis Didaco Ansuriz et germanas meas relinquid filie sue…Geluira Didaz" to León Cathedral, with the consent of "congiugis mee comitissa domna Eilo et filiorum atque filiarum", for the souls of "patris mei comitis Ansur Didaz atque sue mulieris comitisse domne Iuste immo germani mei comitis Didaci Ansuriz et supprine mee…Geluira Didaz", by charter dated to [1088/91][723]. A charter dated 7 Sep 1090 records a dispute between Sahagún and “comite domno Petro et comite domno Martino” concerning “medietate de villa...Fonticellas”, donated by “comite Monnio Adefonso”, and “alia media villa...Sancti Romani que habuit comitissa domna Momadonna de incartatione viri sui comite Adefonso...et pro alias duas villas...Gordaliza et Uallicello”, and the donation made by “Petrus comes...cum uxore mea domna Eilo et Martinus comes...cum filiis meis” which settled the dispute[724]. "Comes Petro Ansuriz et uxoris mee comitissa Eiloni" donated property to the monastery of San Zoilo de Carrión by charter dated 24 Dec 1095 which names "frater meus comes Didago Ansuriz"[725]. “Comes Petrus Ansuriz...cum coniuge mea comitessa Eilone” donated “hereditate in territorio Ceie prope aqua...Ceia in loco...Ual de Cespetes...medietatem...divisa que fuit de Gondisaluo Alfonso” to “Petro Citiz” by charter dated 21 May 1098[726]. "Petrus Anssuriz Comes…cum uxore mea comitissa Domna Eilo" donated property in Moratinos, Villasanzo, Canraso and Sahagún to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1101[727]. m (before 17 Jun 1084[728]) as his second wife, PEDRO Ansúrez, son of conde ANSUR Díaz & his [first/third wife ---] (-9 Sep 1119).

g) GOTO Alfonso ([after 11 Sep 1054]-before 1 May 1071). “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated "hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanego...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce" to Sahagún, for the souls of “mee et de filia mee Goto prolis Adefonsi comitis et mee”, by charter dated 1 May 1071[729].

Alfonso had [one illegitimate child by Mistress (1)]:

h) [GUTIERRE Alfonso (-after 5 Feb 1079). “Gutterre Afonso et uxor mea Sancia...cum filiis meis Adefonso et Rodrico et mater mea Fronildi” donated “villa...Elgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 30 May 1069, confirmed by “Monnio Velasquiz, Gomiz Uelasquiz, Monnio Diaz, Diaco Osoriz, Osorio Diaz, Ermeildo Diaz”[730]. Gutierre´s parentage has not been ascertained with certainty, but his name and patronymic suggest that he was related to the family of Afonso Muñoz. If that is correct, he must have illegitimate. This suggestion appears supported by his confirming charters of the same family. “...Gutierre Adefonso...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Aug 1069 under which “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún[731]. "Martino Afonso comes...Gonsaluo Afonso, Gutterre Afonso..." subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[732]. “...Gutier Afonso, Pelagio Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 3 May 1071 which records that “comitissa domna Momadonna” donated “in Quoza...de Uilla Fateme illa ereditate que fuit de Petro Fernandiz” to Santa María de Piasca[733]. “...Guttier Alfonso, Pelaio Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Nov 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz”[734]. “...Guttier Afonso...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Feb 1074 under which "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz”[735]. "...Guterre Adefonso" confirmed the charter dated 5 Feb 1079 under which “Nunno Telliz” donated properties to Sahagún[736].] m SANCHA ---, daughter of ---. “Gutterre Afonso et uxor mea Sancia...cum filiis meis Adefonso et Rodrico et mater mea Fronildi” donated “villa...Elgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 30 May 1069[737]. Gutierre & his wife had two children:

i) ALFONSO Gutiérrez . “Gutterre Afonso et uxor mea Sancia...cum filiis meis Adefonso et Rodrico et mater mea Fronildi” donated “villa...Elgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 30 May 1069[738].

ii) RODRIGO Gutiérrez . “Gutterre Afonso et uxor mea Sancia...cum filiis meis Adefonso et Rodrico et mater mea Fronildi” donated “villa...Elgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 30 May 1069[739].

Munio & his second wife had two children:

2. JUAN Muñoz (-before 1 Sep 1058). "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[740]. “...Ioannes Muniz, Petrus Munniz...Pelagio Munniz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1051 under which "Hurraka" donated “villas...in Ualle de Robias, in Lameo” to “Dominum confessa”[741]. A charter dated 1 Sep 1058 records that "cometissa domna Momadomna...cum filio meo Petro" donated “in Ualle Rodias...in Cisnarios” to Santa María de Piasca, after the death of her husband “comes...Monnio Adefonso” and her older son “Iohannes in rudis infantie paruulum”[742]. "Domna Mamadona" donated "villa…Pilella in Ualle Matrigali…de viro suo Nepzano Osoriz…villa…Fonte Foiolo…de viro meo Munnio Adefonso ganavit illa in sua vita post morte de sua mulier domna Goto…et ad suo germano Guterri Adefonso" to León Cathedral, recording that "postea ipse comite mulier" had "duos filios Iohanne Muniz et Petro Muniz" who both predeceased her, by charter dated 28 Sep 1066[743].

3. PEDRO Muñoz (-[13 Jan/3 May] 1071). "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[744]. “...Ioannes Muniz, Petrus Munniz...Pelagio Munniz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1051 under which "Hurraka" donated “villas...in Ualle de Robias, in Lameo” to “Dominum confessa”[745]. "Domna Moniadomna et filio meo Petro Monio" donated "monasterii Sancti Laurentii" to the monastery of San Cosme y Damián y Santa Eufemia by charter dated 14 Jan 1052[746]. “Mamadonna filia Godesteo Didaz et de domna Taresia...cum filio meo Petro Munioz”, and “Munnio Gustioz...audivi ad supradicta soror mea Mamadonna”, donated property between the rivers Duero and Arlanza to Arlanza by charter dated 27 Apr 1054[747]. "Momadonna, Godesteo Didaz filia…cum filio meo Petro Monnioz" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 16 Nov 1055[748]. A charter dated 1 Sep 1058 records that "cometissa domna Momadomna...cum filio meo Petro" donated “in Ualle Rodias...in Cisnarios” to Santa María de Piasca, after the death of her husband “comes...Monnio Adefonso” and her older son “Iohannes in rudis infantie paruulum”[749]. "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama” to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz” by charter dated 20 Mar 1064[750]. "Domna Mamadona" donated "villa…Pilella in Ualle Matrigali…de viro suo Nepzano Osoriz…villa…Fonte Foiolo…de viro meo Munnio Adefonso ganavit illa in sua vita post morte de sua mulier domna Goto…et ad suo germano Guterri Adefonso" to León Cathedral, recording that "postea ipse comite mulier" had "duos filios Iohanne Muniz et Petro Muniz" who both predeceased her, by charter dated 28 Sep 1066[751]. [“...Petro Monnioz, Pelagio Monnioz, Nunno Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1066 under which "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún[752]. “...Petro Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquiz, Nunno Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jun 1066 under which “Sol Rodriquiz” donated "hereditabus quas habeo de avis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Uascon...et in Uilla Uerde et in Escobar et in Bustello et in Uilla Uimara, meam portionem" to “marito meo Fernando Munnioz”[753]. It is not known whether these two charters refer to Pedro Muñoz, son of Munio Alfonso, or to the other Pedro Muñoz who lived at the same time (see below).] King Alfonso VI granted "curte in Uilla Muzahanne in Riuulo Sicco territorio Graliare" to “Petro prolis Munnioni comitis” by charter dated 7 Jul 1068[754]. “Petro prolis Munnioni comitis” donated "curte in Uilla Muzahanne in Riuulo Sicco territorio Graliare" to “Belliti Aluariz” by charter dated 10 Jul 1068[755]. “...Petro Moniut...Pelagio Monioz...” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[756]. “...Petro Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 13 Jan [1071] under which “Adosinda Gutterriz Christi ancilla” donated "in Uilla Ordonio, medietate..." to Sahagún[757]. A charter dated 3 May 1071 records that “comes...Munnio Adefonso” married “comitissa domna Momadonna”, that after he died “filii...unus...Petri...in iubenali etate occisus fuit a Sarracionum gente”, and that “comitissa...absque filiis” donated “in Quoza...de Uilla Fateme illa ereditate que fuit de Petro Fernandiz” to Santa María de Piasca, except “duos solares...alio de Saluator Martinez que dedi ad mea nepta Maria”[758]. Pedro had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

a) MARÍA Pérez (-after 21 Jan 1102). A charter dated 3 May 1071 records that “comes...Munnio Adefonso” married “comitissa domna Momadonna”, that after he died “filii...unus...Petri...in iubenali etate occisus fuit a Sarracionum gente”, and that “comitissa...absque filiis” donated “in Quoza...de Uilla Fateme illa ereditate que fuit de Petro Fernandiz” to Santa María de Piasca, except “duos solares...alio de Saluator Martinez que dedi ad mea nepta Maria”[759]. It is assumed that María was illegitimate as no reference has been found to her mother in the numerous sources in which her father and paternal grandmother are named, although this is not beyond all doubt. "Momadonna prolis Gudestei Diaz" donated “uno solare in villa...Matancia” to “Michael Baltariz”, and after his death to “domna nepta Maria”, by charter dated 31 Oct 1077[760]. “Pelagius filius Munnio Adefonsi comitis...cum uxore mea Gasenda Petriz et filiis Gutter Pelaiz et Petro Pelaiz...et sobrine mee Maria Petriz” donated "hereditatem...habeo ex parte patris mei comitis Munnio Adefonsi in loco...Uilla Sicca...que fuit de Geluira Nunniz, medietatem quam incartavit a fratre meo Petri Monniz" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Jan 1102[761].

Munio had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress, daughter of --- & his wife Urraca ---:

4. PELAYO Muñoz (-after 21 Jan 1102). “...Ioannes Muniz, Petrus Munniz...Pelagio Munniz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1051 under which "Hurraka" donated “villas...in Ualle de Robias, in Lameo” to “Dominum confessa”[762]. “...Petro Monnioz, Pelagio Monnioz, Nunno Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1066 under which "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún[763]. “Pelagius prolis Munnioni comitis” donated "quarta in Uillella quod dicunt de Mio Kiki in territorio Ualle de Anepza...[et] mea divisa in Pratellone que abeo de auuncula mea domna Urraka" to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Jul 1068[764]. “...Pedro Moniut...Pelagio Monioz...” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[765]. “...Gutier Afonso, Pelagio Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 3 May 1071 which records that “comitissa domna Momadonna” donated “in Quoza...de Uilla Fateme illa ereditate que fuit de Petro Fernandiz” to Santa María de Piasca[766]. “...Guttier Alfonso, Pelaio Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Nov 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz”[767]. “Pelagio Moniz” donated "ereditate que abemus in Uerdiaio de abibus nostris et de parentibus nostris" to the monastery of San Martín and San Miguel in Pereda and “ad illa comitissa domna Iusta, monacos et sorores” by charter dated 26 Apr 1072[768]. “Pelagius filius Munnio Adefonsi comitis...cum uxore mea Gasenda Petriz et filiis Gutter Pelaiz et Petro Pelaiz...et sobrine mee Maria Petriz” donated "hereditatem...habeo ex parte patris mei comitis Munnio Adefonsi in loco...Uilla Sicca...que fuit de Geluira Nunniz, medietatem quam incartavit a fratre meo Petri Monniz" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Jan 1102[769]. m GASENDA Pérez, daughter of --- (after 21 Jan 1102). “Pelagius filius Munnio Adefonsi comitis...cum uxore mea Gasenda Petriz et filiis Gutter Pelaiz et Petro Pelaiz...et sobrine mee Maria Petriz” donated "hereditatem...habeo ex parte patris mei comitis Munnio Adefonsi in loco...Uilla Sicca...que fuit de Geluira Nunniz, medietatem quam incartavit a fratre meo Petri Monniz" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Jan 1102[770]. Pelayo & his wife had two children:

a) RODRIGO Peláez . “Pelagius filius Munnio Adefonsi comitis...cum uxore mea Gasenda Petriz et filiis Gutter Pelaiz et Petro Pelaiz...et sobrine mee Maria Petriz” donated "hereditatem...habeo ex parte patris mei comitis Munnio Adefonsi in loco...Uilla Sicca...que fuit de Geluira Nunniz, medietatem quam incartavit a fratre meo Petri Monniz" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Jan 1102[771].

b) PEDRO Peláez . “Pelagius filius Munnio Adefonsi comitis...cum uxore mea Gasenda Petriz et filiis Gutter Pelaiz et Petro Pelaiz...et sobrine mee Maria Petriz” donated "hereditatem...habeo ex parte patris mei comitis Munnio Adefonsi in loco...Uilla Sicca...que fuit de Geluira Nunniz, medietatem quam incartavit a fratre meo Petri Monniz" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Jan 1102[772].

B. ERMEGÍLDEZ FAMILY

Two possible brothers. From a chronological point of view, it is possible that their father was Ermegildo Núñez, son of Nuño Miréllez and his wife Adosinda (see below, Miréllez family).

1. NUÑO Ermegíldez (-after 2 Aug 1026). Conde. "Nunno Ermeildiz comes" confirmed the charter dated 14 Jan 1019 under which "Hazmone Fortuniz" sold "pumares…in Uilla Iohannes" to "Romano Telleiz et uxor uestra Adosinda"[773]. “...Comes Nunno Ermeildiz” confirmed the charter dated 30 Jun 1019 which records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[774]. “...Nunus Hermeeldiz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[775]. “...Nunno Ermeildiz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1021 under which “Uegila Ouequiz” donated “villa...Coroneses...in riuulo de Aratoi” to Sahagún[776]. "…Nunnus Ermegildiz comes in Graliare…Osorius Ermegildiz comes…" confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 1024 under which "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún[777]. “...Nunnus Ermegildiz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[778]. m ---. The name of Nuño´s wife is not known. Nuño & his wife had [four] children:

a) [ERMEGILDO Núñez (-after 19 Nov 1042). "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Nov 1042[779]. m ADOSINDA ---, daughter of ---. "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Nov 1042[780].] [Ermegildo & his wife had two children:]

i) [NUÑO Ermegíldez (-after 1 Jan 1068). "Oriolo Garciaz...cum cognatum meum Nunno Ermegildiz et uxor sua soror mea Taresa" donated “solar...termino...de...Uilla Adala...in Gallekellos territorio Melgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Jan 1068[781]. It has not been confirmed that Nuño Ermegíldez was the son of Ermegildo Núñez, and grandson of Nuño Ermegíldez, but the names and patronymics suggest that this may be correct. m TERESA García, daughter of GARCÍA --- & his wife --- (-after 28 Dec 1068). "Oriolo Garciaz...cum cognatum meum Nunno Ermegildiz et uxor sua soror mea Taresa" donated “solar...termino...de...Uilla Adala...in Gallekellos territorio Melgare” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Jan 1068[782].] Nuño & his wife had three children:

(a) ERMEGILDO Núñez (-after 11 Feb 1092). “Ermeildo Nunniz” donated “hereditate fratrum meorum Garcia Nunniz et Maior Nunniz que habuerunt de auiis et parentibus suis...in Uilla Crexes” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Feb 1092[783]. His name and patronymic indicate that Ermegildo Núñez was the son of Nuño Ermegíldez. This is corroborated by the name of his brother García, named after his maternal grandfather.

(b) GARCÍA Núñez (-before 11 Feb 1092). “Ermeildo Nunniz” donated “hereditate fratrum meorum Garcia Nunniz et Maior Nunniz que habuerunt de auiis et parentibus suis...in Uilla Crexes” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Feb 1092[784].

(c) MAYOR Núñez (-before 11 Feb 1092). “Ermeildo Nunniz” donated “hereditate fratrum meorum Garcia Nunniz et Maior Nunniz que habuerunt de auiis et parentibus suis...in Uilla Crexes” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Feb 1092[785]. The name of Mayor´s husband has not been identified. m ---. Two or more children:

(1) daughters . “Ermeildo Nunniz” donated property “in Capellones” to “filiabus sororis mee” by charter dated 11 Feb 1092[786].

ii) [FERNANDO Ermegíldez (-after 1094). The parentage of Fernando Ermegíldez has not been confirmed, but his unusual patronymic suggests that he may have been the son of Ermegildo Núñez. “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[787]. "Fernando Ermegildiz et uxor mea donna Juliana et filiis nostris" sold “ereditates...que fuerunt de parentibus de me Fernando Ermegildiz vel de abiorum meorum...monasterio...Sancti Tirsi...medietate...in Uasquones mea portione...in Cobellas...in Petrosa...in Uilla Monniu” to "comite Petro Asuriz et uxor vestra Ailoni comedissa" by charter dated 17 Jun 1084, confirmed by “...Anaia Ermegildiz, Scemeno Mirellez”[788]. "Fernando Ermildiz et uxor mea Donna Juliana" sold “uno medio solare de Sancti Tyrsi” to Valladolid Santa María by charter dated 7 Apr 1088[789]. m JULIANA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Núñez & his wife Goto Muñoz (-after 7 Apr 1088). “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[790]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis que nobis contigit in Bobatella in cimiterio nostro Sancti Felicis" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Monnio Nuniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 26 Mar 1069[791]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún by charter dated 26 Aug 1069[792]. "Fernando Ermegildiz et uxor mea donna Juliana et filiis nostris" sold “ereditates...que fuerunt de parentibus de me Fernando Ermegildiz vel de abiorum meorum...monasterio...Sancti Tirsi...medietate...in Uasquones mea portione...in Cobellas...in Petrosa...in Uilla Monniu” to "comite Petro Asuriz et uxor vestra Ailoni comedissa" by charter dated 17 Jun 1084, confirmed by “...Anaia Ermegildiz, Scemeno Mirellez”[793]. "Fernando Ermildiz et uxor mea Donna Juliana" sold “uno medio solare de Sancti Tyrsi” to Valladolid Santa María by charter dated 7 Apr 1088[794].] Fernando & his wife had eight children:

(a) ERMEGILDO Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[795].

(b) GUTIERRE Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[796].

(c) MARÍA Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[797].

(d) MAYOR Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[798]. “Urraka Sancti Petri abbatissa...cum sororibus meis Maria Fernandiz et Monnia Fernandiz necnon...Eilo Martinz” donated "in...monasterio...Sancto Martino de illa Fente et Sancta Maria de Piasca" to Sahagún by charter dated 30 Sep 1107[799].

(e) MUNIA Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[800]. “Urraka Sancti Petri abbatissa...cum sororibus meis Maria Fernandiz et Monnia Fernandiz necnon...Eilo Martinz” donated "in...monasterio...Sancto Martino de illa Fente et Sancta Maria de Piasca" to Sahagún by charter dated 30 Sep 1107[801].

(f) URRACA Fernández . “Urraka abbatissa...cum germanos meos Ermeildo Fernandiz, Guttier Fernandiz, Maria Fernandiz, Maior Fernandiz, Monnia Fernandiz” donated "nostra divisa ex parte matris mee domne Iuliane" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Dec 1101[802]. “Urraka Sancti Petri abbatissa...cum sororibus meis Maria Fernandiz et Monnia Fernandiz necnon...Eilo Martinz” donated "in...monasterio...Sancto Martino de illa Fente et Sancta Maria de Piasca" to Sahagún by charter dated 30 Sep 1107[803].

(g) MUNIO Ermegíldez (-before 27 Mar 1109). “Tota Ermegildiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Abduz de parte matre mea domna Iuliana...alia divisa que fuit de germano meo Monnio Ermegildiz" to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Monnio Diaz”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1109[804].

(h) TOTA Ermegíldez (-after 27 Mar 1109). “Tota Ermegildiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Abduz de parte matre mea domna Iuliana...alia divisa que fuit de germano meo Monnio Ermegildiz" to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Monnio Diaz”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1109[805]. m MUNIO Díaz, son of DIEGO --- & his wife --- (-before 27 Mar 1109).

b) PEDRO Núñez (-after 1051). "Petrus prolis Nunno Ermeilddiz comitis" donated “in Arroio meam divisionem...quantum abeo inter meos germanos...in...Bellosello...in Moratinos...excepto...solare que fuit de Sendina et dedimus illo a filio suo Citi Petriz” to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Aug 1051[806].

c) [MUNIO Núñez (-after 1 Sep 1058). Martínez Sopena states that Munio Núñez was the son of “Nuño Ermeildiz conde de Grajal en 1024” but does not cite the primary source on which this information is based[807]. “...Munio Nunniz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Mar 1042 under which "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona"[808].]

- see below.

d) ELVIRA Núñez (-[after 13 Oct 1075]). "Fredinandus Petriz...cum coniuge mea Geluira" donated “villamque Sancti Crucis...[et] in territorio Cisnarios in Ueica” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Jan 1064[809]. "Geluira Nunniz...cum filiis meis Flaino, Gunterodo...et Iusta" donated “portionem...in Noantica” to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Fredinando Petriz”, by charter dated 1067[810]. "Martino Fafilaz" granted "villa…que abuimus de patre meo Fafila Petriz in territorio Priamalias mea ratione…comodo illa devidimos con mee germana Aurodulze" to "Digazo Petriz et uxor vestra domna Maria" by charter dated 18 Jul 1069, in the presence of "domgna Geluira et suo filio Flaino Frenandiz et Petro Karzeci"[811]. “Geluira prolix filia Nunno Ermegildic et filio meo Flaino Fernandiz” sold "solare in Sancta Cruce de Uouatella iusta ripa fluminis Zeiia" to “Steuano Ciluanez et Gontruede” by charter dated 12 Jul 1071[812]. ["Fernando Petriz...cum uxore mea Geluira" donated their third shares in “villas...habemus de auolorum parentumque nostrorum...in Uilla Aker...Quintanella in Riuo Sicco...in amnis Estula in Uilla Nova...in Uilla Oria...Moral de rio de Porma...Villa Maria...excepto uno solare quem dedi a Munnio Sarazinz” to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Oct 1075[813]. It is unlikely that this charter refers to the same couple as Elvira donated property for her husband´s soul in 1067, which suggests that he was already dead.] m FERNANDO Pérez, son of PEDRO Flaínez & his wife Bronilde --- (-[27 Jan 1064/1067]).

2. [OSORIO Ermegíldez (-after 8 Nov 1024). [“Bermudo Rodric, Rodanio Romaiz, Didaco Asuriz, Domna Fronildi, Domna Otrocia, Osoyro Ermegidiz, Albaro Albariz, Fredenando Armentariz, Teillu Rodriz, Froila Assuriz, Munio Didaz, Teillu Veilaz, Gomiz Gotiniz...” confirmed the charter dated 5 May 987 under which “Garcia Fredenandiz comes et donna Aba cometissa” donated property to Santillana del Mar[814]. This charter appears early to refer to the same Osorio Ermegíldez who married Otrosia.] "…Nunnus Ermegildiz comes in Graliare…Osorius Ermegildiz comes…" confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 1024 under which "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún[815]. The fact that Osorio Ermegíldez married Otrosia is confirmed by the charter dated 7 Oct 1064 under which [his son] "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún, the same document recording that “Munnia” donated “villa...que fuit de abiorum suorum...Patrocellos...quomodo illam tenuit auio suo Osoro Ermegildiz” for the soul of “filio meo Gutier Osoriz”[816].] m as her [second] husband, OTROSIA ---, [widow of JUAN Muñoz,] daughter of --- (-after 25 Dec 1047). "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[817]. Her parentage and marriage to Osorio are deduced from the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[818]. "Comitissa domna Odrocia…cum filiis nostris domna Palla et domno Osorio Osoriz" sold "solare…in Uilla de Esiliu" to "Uellit Morontaz et uxori uestre Uislauara" by charter dated 23 Oct 1047[819]. "Domna Tegridia comitissa" granted property "in villa Aquilare…terra de illa comitissa domna Ofreisa…solare de filiis aut de nietos de comite Guttierre Adifonso et de meas germanas domna Goto et domna Ofreisa" to "Annaya Peitriz" by charter dated 25 Dec 1047[820]. Her other marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 15 May 1052 under which [her son] "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes"[821]. The order of Otrosia´s two marriages is not known, but the naming of her son Osorio Osóriz after her daughter Palla in the charter dated 23 Oct 1047 suggests that he was a younger child, therefore born from her second marriage. Osorio & his wife had [three] children:

a) OSORIO Osóriz (-[7 Oct 1064/7 Oct 1065]). “...Osorio Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Mar 1042 under which "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona"[822]. "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 13 Mar 1045[823]. “...Osorio Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 1046 under which "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún[824]. "Comitissa domna Odrocia…cum filiis nostris domna Palla et domno Osorio Osoriz" sold "solare…in Uilla de Esiliu" to "Uellit Morontaz et uxori uestre Uislauara" by charter dated 23 Oct 1047[825]. "Osorio Osoriz cum conjuge mea Monnia" donated half of the monastery of San Felix de Bovadilla and, if they died without heirs, all their property to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[826]. "Osorio […Osoriz] et uxor mea Monnia et Monnio Nunniz et uxor sua Godo" donated "in Ualle de Cespete…monasterio…Sancta Elena" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1051[827]. "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes", by charter dated 15 May 1052[828]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064[829]. “Fredinandus Fernandiz comes, Osorio Osoriz” confirmed the charter dated 1065 under which "Iusta comitissa...cum filio meo Diaco Assuriz" donated “in villa...Uilla Alba nostram portionem...[et] in Carapipas” to Sahagún[830]. m MUNIA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO --- & his wife --- (-after 12 Jan 1073). "Osorio Osoriz cum conjuge mea Monnia" donated half of the monastery of San Felix de Bovadilla and, if they died without heirs, all their property to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[831]. "Osorio […Osoriz] et uxor mea Monnia et Monnio Nunniz et uxor sua Godo" donated "in Ualle de Cespete…monasterio…Sancta Elena" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1051[832]. "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes", by charter dated 15 May 1052[833]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064, which also records that “Munnia” donated “villa...que fuit de abiorum suorum...Patrocellos...quomodo illam tenuit auio suo Osoro Ermegildiz” for the soul of “filio meo Gutier Osoriz”[834]. "Munnia" donated “villa...quos fuit de aviorum suorum...Patrocellos et...villa...Cisnarios et de Arrogio...tenuit avio suo Osorio Ermegildiz et pater eius Osorio Osoriz”, for the soul of “filio meo Guttier Osoriz”, by charter dated 7 Oct 1065[835]. "Monnia prolix Munioni...cum filias Marina, Geluira, Adosinda" donated “uno solare...que habui de viro meo Osorio Osoriz in meas arras...Uilla Donemar in territorio de Cisnarios...” to “Pelaio Iohannes” by charter dated 23 Aug 1072[836]. “Monnia Monniz” donated “mea porcione de...monasterio in villa...Priamallias...Sancto Saluatore in alfoz de Nuanche territorio de Pennamian” to "Saluator Adrianz” by charter dated 12 Jan 1073[837]. Osorio & his wife had four children:

i) GUTIERRE Osóriz (-before 7 Oct 1064). "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxore mea Monnia et filiis meis…Gutier Osoriz, Marina Osoriz, Geluira Osoriz, Adosinda Osoriz" donated "mediam partem monasterii Sancti Felicis…in villa…Bonatella…" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[838]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064, which also records that “Munnia” donated “villa...que fuit de abiorum suorum...Patrocellos...quomodo illam tenuit auio suo Osoro Ermegildiz” for the soul of “filio meo Gutier Osoriz”[839]. "Munnia" donated “villa...quos fuit de aviorum suorum...Patrocellos et...villa...Cisnarios et de Arrogio...tenuit avio suo Osorio Ermegildiz et pater eius Osorio Osoriz”, for the soul of “filio meo Guttier Osoriz”, by charter dated 7 Oct 1065[840].

ii) MARINA Osóriz (-after 5 Feb 1096). "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxore mea Monnia et filiis meis…Gutier Osoriz, Marina Osoriz, Geluira Osoriz, Adosinda Osoriz" donated "mediam partem monasterii Sancti Felicis…in villa…Bonatella…" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[841]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064[842]. "Monnia prolix Munioni...cum filias Marina, Geluira, Adosinda" donated “uno solare...que habui de viro meo Osorio Osoriz in meas arras...Uilla Donemar in territorio de Cisnarios...” to “Pelaio Iohannes” by charter dated 23 Aug 1072[843]. “Saluator Adrianiz...et Eluira Osoriz et Marina Osoriz” donated “mea porcione...in monasterio Sancti Saluatoris in territorio Pennamian et habeo ipsam...de domna Monnia...et aliam meam porcionem...quam comparavi de sua germana domno Goto” to Sahagún by charter dated 5 Feb 1096[844].

iii) ELVIRA Osóriz (-after 5 Feb 1096). "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxore mea Monnia et filiis meis…Gutier Osoriz, Marina Osoriz, Geluira Osoriz, Adosinda Osoriz" donated "mediam partem monasterii Sancti Felicis…in villa…Bonatella…" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[845]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064, the same document recording that “Geluira filia Osoro Osoriz nepte de Osoro Ermegildiz” exchanged “Uilla Mutarrafe sua tercia que contingit inter suas germanas”[846]. "Monnia prolix Munioni...cum filias Marina, Geluira, Adosinda" donated “uno solare...que habui de viro meo Osorio Osoriz in meas arras...Uilla Donemar in territorio de Cisnarios...” to “Pelaio Iohannes” by charter dated 23 Aug 1072[847]. “Eluira Osoriz” donated “in Arroio...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Masella...in Castrello de Fale...in Uilla Rater quartam...quam dedit michi mater mea in meliorantia de meos germanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 15 Jan 1095[848]. “Saluator Adrianiz...et Eluira Osoriz et Marina Osoriz” donated “mea porcione...in monasterio Sancti Saluatoris in territorio Pennamian et habeo ipsam...de domna Monnia...et aliam meam porcionem...quam comparavi de sua germana domno Goto” to Sahagún by charter dated 5 Feb 1096[849].

iv) ADOSINDA Osóriz (-after 23 Aug 1072). "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxore mea Monnia et filiis meis…Gutier Osoriz, Marina Osoriz, Geluira Osoriz, Adosinda Osoriz" donated "mediam partem monasterii Sancti Felicis…in villa…Bonatella…" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Jun 1049[850]. "Osoro Osoriz...cum coniuge mea Monia et filiis meis Gutierre, Marina, Geluira et Adosinda" donated “monasterium de Sancti Felicis...Bobatella, medietate...et in Ualle de Cespetes illa nostra portione” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Oct 1064[851]. "Monnia prolix Munioni...cum filias Marina, Geluira, Adosinda" donated “uno solare...que habui de viro meo Osorio Osoriz in meas arras...Uilla Donemar in territorio de Cisnarios...” to “Pelaio Iohannes” by charter dated 23 Aug 1072[852]. [m ADRIAN ---, son of ---. One child:]

(a) [SALVADOR Adriánez (-after 5 Feb 1096). “Saluator Adrianiz...et Eluira Osoriz et Marina Osoriz” donated “mea porcione...in monasterio Sancti Saluatoris in territorio Pennamian et habeo ipsam...de domna Monnia...et aliam meam porcionem...quam comparavi de sua germana domno Goto” to Sahagún by charter dated 5 Feb 1096[853]. The joint donation suggests a family relationship between the three donors. Maybe Salvador was the son of Adosinda, sister of Marina and Elvira.]

b) [daughter (-before [4] May 1042). “Comitessa domna Ofressa” granted the monastery of San Miguel de Corcos to “Petro Gundissaluiz” by charter dated [4] May 1042, confirmed by “Annaia Petri, Rudrico Fernandiz, Lupi Lupiz, Velasco Amaiaz...”[854]. The relationship between the grantor and grantee is confirmed by a charter dated 21 Jan 1056 under which “Petro presbiter” confirmed that San Miguel de Corcos had received a donation from “comitisse domne Ofresse et Petri Gundisalvui nepotis sui”[855]. A condesa named “Ofresa” has not otherwise been traced. It is possible that the name represents a mistranscription of Otrosia and that is the same person as Otrosia who died after 25 Dec 1047. If that is correct, Pedro González has not been identified. It is not known whether “nepotis sui” in the 21 Jan 1056 charter indicates her grandson or her nephew. Having male descendants suggests that it is less likely that Otrosia would have granted property to a nephew. On the other hand, it seems possible that she would have benefited a grandson who was the son of a deceased daughter (by either of her marriages).] m GONZALO ---, son of ---. One child:

i) PEDRO González (-after [4] May 1042). “Comitessa domna Ofressa” granted the monastery of San Miguel de Corcos to “Petro Gundissaluiz” by charter dated [4] May 1042, confirmed by “Annaia Petri, Rudrico Fernandiz, Lupi Lupiz, Velasco Amaiaz...”[856]. The relationship between the grantor and grantee is confirmed by a charter dated 21 Jan 1056 under which “Petro presbiter” confirmed that San Miguel de Corcos had received a donation from “comitisse domne Ofresse et Petri Gundisalvui nepotis sui”[857].

c) [--- . The parent of Munia may have been the same person as one of the other children of Osorio Ermegíldez who are shown above.] m ---. One child:

i) MUNIA --- (-before 25 Oct 1099). A charter dated 25 Oct 1099 records that “domna Monnia” had donated “villa...Patrizellos...sicut eam habuerat...de Osorio Ermeildiz avio suo” to Sahagún, for the souls of “filii sui”, and that “Gomiz Xapiz et Uincenti Danieliz et Fernando Fernandiz” now donated “solares quos habemos in Patrizellos”[858]. The names of either Munia´s husband or of her children have not been ascertained. m ---.

Two brothers. The charter dated 21 Dec 1101, quoted below, indicates a relationship with Elvira Núñez, daughter of Nuño Ermegíldez, who is shown above, but the precise connection has not been traced:

1. NUÑO Vermudez (-[1 Oct 1077/23 Jul 1095]). "Didago Nuniz...cum uxore mea Matreuita" sold “ereditate...de avios et parentibus meis in territorio Legionensis iusta fluminis Aratoi in...Uilla Famete illa tertia” to “Nuno Uirmudiz et ad uxor tua Orodulce et ad Gomiz Uirmudiz” by charter dated 1 Oct 1077[859]. m GOTO Muñoz “Aurodulce”, daughter of MUNIO --- & his wife --- (-after 21 Dec 1101). "Didago Nuniz...cum uxore mea Matreuita" sold “ereditate...de avios et parentibus meis in territorio Legionensis iusta fluminis Aratoi in...Uilla Famete illa tertia” to “Nuno Uirmudiz et ad uxor tua Orodulce et ad Gomiz Uirmudiz” by charter dated 1 Oct 1077[860]. “Domna Goto Monniz et filia mea Maria Nunniz” donated “porcione...in villa...Sancti Martini in rio de Ceia et...in villa...Hametz...habui eas in arras de viro meo Nunno Uermuiz” to Sahagún by charter dated 23 Jul 1095[861]. “Goto Monniz” donated “divisa quam habeo de arras de viro meo Nunno Uermuiz...in Uilla Dolquiti super fluminis Estula” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Jul 1097[862]. “Aurodulce...cum filia mea Maria Nunniz” sold "uno solare...in Uilla Orellio secus flumen Giginnati...habuit ipso solare cognatus meus Gomiz Uermuiz et Geloira Nunniz et de suo filio Flaino Fernandiz et nos hereditamus de cognato meo Gomiz Vermuiz" to “Ecze Ciprianiz et uxori tue Enderquina Uelasquiz” by charter dated 21 Dec 1101[863]. Nuño & his wife had one child:

a) MARÍA Núñez . “Domna Goto Monniz et filia mea Maria Nunniz” donated “porcione...in villa...Sancti Martini in rio de Ceia et...in villa...Hametz...habui eas in arras de viro meo Nunno Uermuiz” to Sahagún by charter dated 23 Jul 1095[864]. “Aurodulce...cum filia mea Maria Nunniz” sold "uno solare...in Uilla Orellio secus flumen Giginnati...habuit ipso solare cognatus meus Gomiz Uermuiz et Geloira Nunniz et de suo filio Flaino Fernandiz et nos hereditamus de cognato meo Gomiz Vermuiz" to “Ecze Ciprianiz et uxori tue Enderquina Uelasquiz” by charter dated 21 Dec 1101[865].

2. GÓMEZ Vermúdez (-before 21 Dec 1101). "Didago Nuniz...cum uxore mea Matreuita" sold “ereditate...de avios et parentibus meis in territorio Legionensis iusta fluminis Aratoi in...Uilla Famete illa tertia” to “Nuno Uirmudiz et ad uxor tua Orodulce et ad Gomiz Uirmudiz” by charter dated 1 Oct 1077[866]. “Aurodulce...cum filia mea Maria Nunniz” sold "uno solare...in Uilla Orellio secus flumen Giginnati...habuit ipso solare cognatus meus Gomiz Uermuiz et Geloira Nunniz et de suo filio Flaino Fernandiz et nos hereditamus de cognato meo Gomiz Vermuiz" to “Ecze Ciprianiz et uxori tue Enderquina Uelasquiz” by charter dated 21 Dec 1101[867].

MUNIO Núñez, son of [NUÑO Ermegíldez & his wife ---] (-after 1 Sep 1058). Martínez Sopena states that Munio Núñez was the son of “Nuño Ermeildiz conde de Grajal en 1024” but does not cite the primary source on which this information is based[868]. “...Munio Nunniz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Mar 1042 under which "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona"[869]. “...Monnio Nunniz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 1046 under which "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún[870]. “...Munnio Nunez...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1051 under which "Hurraka" donated “villas...in Ualle de Robias, in Lameo” to “Dominum confessa”[871]. “...Monnio Nunniz” confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1055 under which "Tegridia...cum filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz" donated "villa...in ribulo Giginnati vocabulo Ueciella" to Sahagún[872]. “...Monnio Nunniz...” confirmed the charter dated 1 Sep 1058 which records that "cometissa domna Momadomna...cum filio meo Petro" donated “in Ualle Rodias...in Cisnarios” to Santa María de Piasca[873].

m GOTO Muñoz, daughter of Conde MUNIO --- & his wife Adosinda Alfonso (-[24 Apr 1062/25 Mar 1069]). "Osorio […Osoriz] et uxor mea Monnia et Monnio Nunniz et uxor sua Godo" donated "in Ualle de Cespete…monasterio…Sancta Elena" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1051[874]. “Urracca filia Adefonsi et Maria” donated "uno solare in Uilla Elane quam habeo ex parte meorum parentorum...fuit ipso solare de Fortes inter filios et neptos de fratribus meis domno Monnio et domno Guttier aut inter filias de domna Adosinda soror mea...Goto et Monnia" by charter dated 8 May 1062[875]. “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[876].

Munio & his wife had [five] children:

1. JULIANA Muñoz (-after 7 Apr 1088). "Iuliana Munniuz" donated “ereditatem...que abeo de parentibus vel abius meis in villa...Sancta Cruce iusta flumen Ceia” to “Sesguto Escamez et coniuge tua domna Infante” by charter dated 11 Dec 1063[877]. “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[878]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis que nobis contigit in Bobatella in cimiterio nostro Sancti Felicis" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Monnio Nuniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 26 Mar 1069[879]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún by charter dated 26 Aug 1069[880]. "Fernando Ermegildiz et uxor mea donna Juliana et filiis nostris" sold “ereditates...que fuerunt de parentibus de me Fernando Ermegildiz vel de abiorum meorum...monasterio...Sancti Tirsi...medietate...in Uasquones mea portione...in Cobellas...in Petrosa...in Uilla Monniu” to "comite Petro Asuriz et uxor vestra Ailoni comedissa" by charter dated 17 Jun 1084, confirmed by “...Anaia Ermegildiz, Scemeno Mirellez”[881]. "Fernando Ermildiz et uxor mea Donna Juliana" sold “uno medio solare de Sancti Tyrsi” to Valladolid Santa María by charter dated 7 Apr 1088[882]. m FERNANDO Ermegíldez, son of ERMEGILDO --- & his wife --- (-after 1094).

2. PATERNA Muñoz (-after 26 Aug 1069). “Fredinandus Ermeildiz et uxor mea Iuliana et soror mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis...in Bobatella in cimiterio Sancti Felicis, inter nostros germanos" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Munnio Nunniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1069[883]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "divisis que nobis contigit in Bobatella in cimiterio nostro Sancti Felicis" to Sahagún, for the souls of “parentumque nostrorum Monnio Nuniz et domna Goto”, by charter dated 26 Mar 1069[884]. “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún by charter dated 26 Aug 1069[885].

3. [NUÑO Munoz (-after 21 Aug 1091). “...Nunnio Moniuz...” confirmed the charter dated 23 Jan 1064 under which “Fredinandus Petriz...cum coniuge mea Geluira” donated “villamque Sancta Crucis...[et] in territorio Cisnarios in Ueica” to Sahagún[886]. “...Nunno Munniz, Munnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Mar 1064 under which "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama” to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz”[887]. "Nunno Munniz" donated “meas divisas duas in Bouatella vocabulo Sancti Felicis” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Jan 1065[888]. Nuño´s parentage has not been ascertained beyond doubt, but the property donated in this charter was the same as donated earlier by his supposed sisters Juliana and Paterna (see above). “...Petro Monnioz, Pelagio Monnioz, Nunno Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1066 under which "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún[889]. “...Petro Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquiz, Nunno Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jun 1066 under which “Sol Rodriquiz” donated "hereditabus quas habeo de avis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Uascon...et in Uilla Uerde et in Escobar et in Bustello et in Uilla Uimara, meam portionem" to “marito meo Fernando Munnioz”[890]. “...Nunno Moniez...” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[891]. “...Nunno Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquez, Gomez Uelasquez...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Aug 1069 under which “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún[892]. “Nuno Monniuz” donated "divisas de mi Nuno Monniuz et de mea yermana Urraka...in Bobatella in cimiterio...Sancti Felicis excepto duas divisas in Sancta Cruce et in Uilla Toso" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Jul 1070[893]. “...Munio Uelasquiz, Nunnu Muninz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jan 1074 under which "Tigridia prolix Gutierz...cum filiis meis...Gundisaluo Fredenandiz et Sancio Fredenandiz" donated “solares...in villa...Fateme...et una tierra in villa...Onemer” to “Munio presbiter”[894]. "...Nunno Monniz..." confirmed the charter dated 1 Mar 1078 under which King Alfonso VI granted immunities to Sahagún[895]. "...Nunno Monniz..." confirmed the charter dated 5 Feb 1079 under which “Nunno Telliz” donated properties to Sahagún[896]. "...Nunno Monniz" confirmed the charter dated 22 Jan 1080 under which King Alfonso VI donated property to “Urraka Deo deuota” and the monastery of San Pedro[897]. “Monio Uelasquizi, Nunnu Monninzii, Pelaio Moninzi” confirmed the charter dated 21 Sep 1081 under which "Uelasquita prolis Guterrizi" sold “uno solare...in...Uilla Filal discurrente ribulo Cisneiros...baselica Sancti Ioanis Batista” to “Suarius presbiter”[898]. "...Nunu Muniuz..." confirmed the charter dated 27 Apr 1084 under which “Obeco Flayniz” sold “erreditatem...que abemus de abibus et parentibus nostris in Kampo Tauro villas...Ualle et Quintanella...meas rationes” to “Guter Nebozaniz et uxoris uestra Scemena Obequiz et filiis vestris”[899]. The dating clause of a charter dated 6 May 1085, under which “Ecta Annaiaz” sold “in villa...Tedra teritorio Campis Torio...mea porcionem” to “Gutierre Nepozaniz et uxor tua Xemena”, records “comite Petro Ansuriz in Toro et in Zamora et eius vigarius in Autero de Sellas Pelagius Gomiz et Nunnio Monnioz...”[900]. “...Nunno Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 7 Feb 1090 under which King Alfonso VI established procedures for settling disputes between Jews and Christians[901]. “...Numno Monnioz...” confirmed the charter dated 7 Sep 1090 which records a dispute between Sahagún and “comite domno Petro et comite domno Martino” concerning “medietate de villa...Fonticellas”[902]. “...Nunno Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 21 Aug 1091 which records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died [Nuño´s sister] “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[903].] m ---. The name of Nuño´s wife is not known. Nuño & his wife had six children:

a) GONZALO Núñez (-[25 Dec 1100/1 Jun 1105]). “...Gunsaluus Nuniz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Oct 1093 under which King Alfonso VI granted the right to hold a weekly market to Sahagún[904]. “...Gunsaluus Nuniz...” confirmed the charter dated 11 May 1094 under which “comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged property with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi”[905]. “...Gunzaluo Nunniz, Pelagio Monniz, Ordonius Flainiz, Sonna Monniz, Uelasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 24 Oct 1097 under which “Urraka Nunniz...et...filie eius...Maria et Geluira” donated “habeo et auiis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Cisneros...” to Sahagún[906]. “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[907]. “Gundisaluo Nunniz...cum fratribus meis Monnio Nunniz et Petro Nunniz domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated “hereditatem...in Puzuelos de Uacrin et in Papinas, in territorio de La Torre et de Petraza” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Dec 1100[908].

b) SANCHA Núñez . “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[909].

c) GOTO Núñez . “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[910]. “Gundisaluo Nunniz...cum fratribus meis Monnio Nunniz et Petro Nunniz domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated “hereditatem...in Puzuelos de Uacrin et in Papinas, in territorio de La Torre et de Petraza” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Dec 1100[911]. A charter dated 1 Jun 1105 records a dispute between Sahagún and “Gunsaluo Rodriquiz et uxori eius Goto Nunniz et Suario Nunniz et uxor eius Maria Nunniz et Petro Nunniz filios de Nunno Monniz” concerning "hereditate de fratre eorum Monnio Nunniz", and the settlement under which they agreed to retain only “in loco...Anebza” and donate the remainder to Sahagún[912]. m GONZALO Rodríguez, son of RODRIGO --- & his wife ---.

d) MARÍA Núñez . “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[913]. “Gundisaluo Nunniz...cum fratribus meis Monnio Nunniz et Petro Nunniz domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated “hereditatem...in Puzuelos de Uacrin et in Papinas, in territorio de La Torre et de Petraza” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Dec 1100[914]. A charter dated 1 Jun 1105 records a dispute between Sahagún and “Gunsaluo Rodriquiz et uxori eius Goto Nunniz et Suario Nunniz et uxor eius Maria Nunniz et Petro Nunniz filios de Nunno Monniz” concerning "hereditate de fratre eorum Monnio Nunniz", and the settlement under which they agreed to retain only “in loco...Anebza” and donate the remainder to Sahagún[915]. An undated charter, dated to [1085/1105], records that “Monnio Nunniz filius Nunni Munnionis” went "ad terram Portucalensem" with “cognato suo Suario Nunniz” who had married “germanam illius...Maria”[916]. m SUERO Núñez, son of NUÑO --- & his wife ---.

e) MUNIO Núñez (-before 1 Jun 1105, bur Sahagún). “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[917]. “Gundisaluo Nunniz...cum fratribus meis Monnio Nunniz et Petro Nunniz domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated “hereditatem...in Puzuelos de Uacrin et in Papinas, in territorio de La Torre et de Petraza” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Dec 1100[918]. A charter dated 1 Jun 1105 records a dispute between Sahagún and “Gunsaluo Rodriquiz et uxori eius Goto Nunniz et Suario Nunniz et uxor eius Maria Nunniz et Petro Nunniz filios de Nunno Monniz” concerning "hereditate de fratre eorum Monnio Nunniz", and the settlement under which they agreed to retain only “in loco...Anebza” and donate the remainder to Sahagún[919]. An undated charter, dated to [1085/1105], records that “Monnio Nunniz filius Nunni Munnionis” went "ad terram Portucalensem" with “cognato suo Suario Nunniz” who had married “germanam illius...Maria”, on his deathbed donated all his property and arranged his burial at Sahagún while leaving open the possibility that “germanos vel coheredes meos” could buy it back, and reserved certain property to “Martino Munniz...uno solare”, to “Gomez...maliolo de Uilla fateme”, and to “Citi Iohannes...meam racionem de Pratellione”[920].

f) PEDRO Núñez . “Sancia Nunniz...cum fratribus et sororibus meis Gonsaluo Nunniz, Monnio Nunniz, Petro Nunniz, domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated "in Uanicelia...in Sancto Martino de Coza...in Terratellos et in Monzone, in villa...Bezerrilego...ecclesie...in Uilla de Donemar...ut tenet illud domna Geluira in vita sua" to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Dec 1100[921]. “Gundisaluo Nunniz...cum fratribus meis Monnio Nunniz et Petro Nunniz domna Goto et Maria Nunniz” donated “hereditatem...in Puzuelos de Uacrin et in Papinas, in territorio de La Torre et de Petraza” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Dec 1100[922]. A charter dated 1 Jun 1105 records a dispute between Sahagún and “Gunsaluo Rodriquiz et uxori eius Goto Nunniz et Suario Nunniz et uxor eius Maria Nunniz et Petro Nunniz filios de Nunno Monniz” concerning "hereditate de fratre eorum Monnio Nunniz", and the settlement under which they agreed to retain only “in loco...Anebza” and donate the remainder to Sahagún[923].

4. [URRACA Muñoz (-[before 25 Jul 1070]). “Nuno Monniuz” donated "divisas de mi Nuno Monniuz et de mea yermana Urraka...in Bobatella in cimiterio...Sancti Felicis excepto duas divisas in Sancta Cruce et in Uilla Toso" to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Jul 1070[924]. She was the sister of Nuño Munioz, but as noted above Nuño´s parentage has not been confirmed beyond doubt. The disposal by her brother of her property in the charter dated 25 Jul 1070 suggests that Urraca was deceased at the time.]

5. MARÍA Muñoz (-[1095/16 Dec 1096]). A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[925]. “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[926]. m MUNIO Velásquez, son of VELASCO --- & his wife Tegridia [González] (-before 21 Aug 1091).

C. FAMILY of FLAÍN MUÑOZ

The first four generations of this family are uncertain, proposed speculatively by Cadenas Allende[927]. He appears to base his reconstruction solely on the patronymics, but does highlight that there is documentation to support the existence of each person individually and that the chronology supports the proposal. Munio Flaínez, who was closely linked to the family of the condes de Cea, acquired property in the Valle de Laurenzo in the eastern mountains of León and expanded his holdings to include Noantica, Corniero and the Valle del Caso[928]. His son Flaín Muñoz was created conde, continued to consolidate the family's territorial holdings, and is recorded for the first time at the court of Vermudo II King of León in a document dated 986. He presumably supported the king in the civil war of the time, like the condes de Cea. Flaín's sons, Fernando Flaínez and Pedro Flaínez, supported Alfonso V King of León and each founded branches of the family which gained considerable political influence during the 11th and 12th centuries. However, the kings of León must have found it difficult to manage the family's ambitions, bearing in mind the number of rebellions against the central authority in which the involvement of family members is recorded during this period.

PURCELLO, son of --- ([800]-862). He lived in the area of Lois, León. He defeated the Moors at Río de las Dueñas in 853, for which he was rewarded by Ordoño I King of Asturias by confirmation of his position in the area of Valdoré. King Ordoño I confirmed "in ripas Istola…Orete" to "Purello" by charter dated 6 May 854, in the presence of "comites sancio, Domno Nuno, Kartia, Almonde…"[929].

m ---. The name of Purcello's wife is not known.

Purcello & his wife had [one child]:

1. [FLAÍN Purcélliz . "Comite Didaco" donated property to the monastery of San Felices de Oca, by charter dated 869 "regnante Adefonso in Oveto et Didaco comite in Castella", witnessed by "Gomaze, Flagino"[930]. It is not known whether the witness "Flagino" was Fláin Purcélliz. m ---. The name of Flaín's wife is not known. Flaín & his wife had one child:]

a) [DIEGO Flaínez . m ---. The name of Diego's wife is not known. Diego & his wife had two children:]

i) [FLAÍN Díaz (-after 22 Nov 947). His existence is corroborated by the chronicle of Ibn Hayyan, which describes how he was a supporter of Ramiro II King of León in the civil war with his brother ex-King Alfonso IV, and how his brother and son-in-law were killed in an attack in 932 [931]. "…Gutier Menendiz, Arias Menendiz, Flaginus Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 5 Jun [892] under which Ranulfo Bishop of Astorga donated the church of Villanueva de Valdueza to San Pedro de Montes[932]. “...Garsea Furtuniz, Flainus Didaci, Gisiuadus...” confirmed the charter dated 9 Jan 916 under which King Ordoño II donated "locum...Ualle Cesarii" to “abbati Seruando”[933]. “...Garsea Furtuniz, Flainus Didaci, Gisiuado maiordomus, Braulio, Lup iben Alcutia...Fortis prolis regis” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 917 under which King Ordoño II donated "locum...Perameno" to “confessoribus...Transmundo et Recesuindo”[934]. "…Guter Osoriz, Guter Menendi, Arias Menendiz, Flaginus Didaz, Fredinandus Didaz…" confirmed the charter dated 24 Apr [918], probably spurious, under which "Ordonius rex et Giloria regina" donated el Coto de Valdueza to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes[935]. Conde: the dating clause of a charter dated 943, under which "Abofetha et Cisla" donated property to the monastery of San Martín de Albelda, names "regnante principe Garseani in Pampilona, et comite Flagino in Vecharia…"[936]. "Garsea rex…cum genitrice Tuta regina" donated property to the monastery of San Martín de Albelda by charter dated 22 Nov 947, witnessed by "…Flaginus comes…"[937]. Tudemiro Bishop of Nájera donated property to the monastery of San Martín de Albelda by charter dated 22 Nov [947], confirmed by "…Flaginius comes, Garsia comes…"[938].] m ---. The name of Flaín's wife is not known. Flaín & his wife had [four] children:

(a) MUNIO Flaínez (-[31 Oct 961/19 Jun 962]). "Bagauda cognomento Zidi" donated "terra…in Autario Maurisco" to "Monio Flainiz et uxore tua Froileoba" for Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas by charter dated 23 Dec 947[939].

- see below.

(b) FERNANDO Flaínez (-after 16 Nov 985). "Sanctius rex" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 26 Apr 960, confirmed by "Tarasia, Gilvira Ranimiri prolis", signed by "…Fredinando Flaini…"[940]. "Fredinandus Flaini et uxor Guntrodo" sold property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 8 Oct 960[941]. "Giloira Ranimiri principis filia" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 4 Apr 970, confirmed by "…Fredenando Flainiz…"[942]. He signed King Sancho I's 26 Apr 960 donation to the monastery of Sahagún, and confirmed other documents 11 May 976, 16 Jun 977 and 18 Jan 982[943]. Conde in Salamanca 973. “Fredenandus Flainiz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Dec 984 under which “Fafilani presbiteri” donated “uilla...Marin de Mazelleros” to Santiago de León[944]. “Fredenandus Flainiz...” confirmed the charter dated 16 Nov 985 under which King Vermudo II donated “villas in Tierra de Campos” to the church of León[945]. Indications of the property holdings of Fernando Flaínez, especially useful in identifying his daughters, are provided by a much later charter: Alfonso V King of León granted "Kastrum…Gundisalbi…super ripe Zegie territorio Legionense", property “in alia loco Vilaseca”, and “in tertio loco barrio Fontes”, all described as “quantum ibidem obtinuit Fredenandus Flaginiz cum coniuge eius Gunterode", to "Petro Ferdinandi filio" by charter dated 14 Mar 1017[946]. Martínez Sopena deduces from this document that Pedro Fernández was the son of Fernando Flaínez and his wife Gontrodo[947]. This hypothesis does not appear to be correct as other sources (discussed elsewhere in the present document) suggest that Pedro Fernández was the son of Fernando Vermúdez Conde in Cea and his wife Elvira Díaz. In addition, the donation made by Fernando´s wife Gontrodo of Castrogonzalo (after the death of her presumed daughter Aroza) is difficult to explain if Pedro Fernández was her son. m GONTRODO, daughter of --- (-after 13 Mar 982). "Fredinandus Flaini et uxor Guntrodo" sold property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 8 Oct 960[948]. “Ancilla Dei domna Aroza cui cognomento Floridia” donated “villa...Kastro Gundisaluiz...villa Cesari...villa Alcotre...in monte Aureo vineas” to Santiago de León (where she was a nun” by charter dated 13 Mar 982, signed by “Gonterode et filia Auria” not by the donor, confirmed by “Fredenando Flainiz...”[949]. Alfonso V King of León granted "Kastrum…Gundisalbi…super ripe Zegie territorio Legionense" to "Petro Ferdinandi filio" by charter dated 14 Mar 1017, which refers to property "in loco barrio de Fontes" obtained by "Fredenandus Flaginiz cum coniuge eius Gunterode"[950]. Fernando & his wife had [three] children:

(1) AURIA (-after 13 Mar 982). “Ancilla Dei domna Aroza cui cognomento Floridia” donated “villa...Kastro Gundisaluiz...villa Cesari...villa Alcotre...in monte Aureo vineas” to Santiago de León (where she was a nun) by charter dated 13 Mar 982, signed by “Gonterode et filia Auria” not by the donor, confirmed by “Fredenando Flainiz...”[951]. Martínez Sopena suggests that “Auria, Eldoara...” were daughters of Fernando Flaínez and his wife, on the basis of the various charters cited in this section, which involve Castrogonzalo and “Villanova de Campos” (which he suggests was the same place as “Villaseca”) both named in the 1017 charter which is quoted above[952].

(2) ELDOARA (-after 23 Oct 973). “Eldoara” donated “omnia mea que michi dimisit genitore mea domna Gonterode...in Uilla Noua...secus alueum Aratoy” to “domna Ymilo” by charter dated 23 Oct 973, confirmed by “...Fredenandus Flainiz...”[953]. Martínez Sopena suggests that “Auria, Eldoara...” were daughters of Fernando Flaínez and his wife, on the basis summarised above[954].

(3) [[FLORIDIA [Aroza]] (-[before 13 Mar 982]). “Ancilla Dei domna Aroza cui cognomento Floridia” donated “villa...Kastro Gundisaluiz...villa Cesari...villa Alcotre...in monte Aureo vineas” to Santiago de León (where she was a nun) by charter dated 13 Mar 982, signed by “Gonterode et filia Auria” not by the donor, confirmed by “Fredenando Flainiz...”[955]. The editor of the collection suggests that the unusual signatory clause suggests that the donor had died and that the signatories were her executors, although the document does not specify that this is the case. Another possibility is that there are passsages missing from the text (which also lacks coherence in other parts). He also explains that “Aroza” or “Alaroza” means “betrothed” in Arabic, suggesting that this may have been a nickname adopted by the donor. Martínez Sopena suggests that, on the basis of this document, “Aroza” was another daughter of Fernando Flaínez and his wife[956]. A more likely possibility is that Aroza/Floridia was the sister of Gontrodo, and that they were joint heiresses of the properties donated: while Gontrodo was still alive, it is difficult to understand how her daughters could have had sufficient interest in the properties to have donated them in their own names. The charter dated 14 Mar 1017 (quoted above) clarifies that Fernando Flaínez acquired his interest in these properties from his wife.]

(c) [VERMUDO Flaínez (-after 1 Jan 943). "Osorio Monniz, Monnio Gudesteiz, Diaco Romaniz, Monnio Flainiz, Veremudus Flainiz" confirmed the charter dated 1 Jan 943 under which King Ramiro II granted to “Vermudo Nunniz” property confiscated from “Dom Patre”[957]. The sequence of names suggests that Vermudo Flaínez may have been the brother of Munio Flaínez.]

(d) daughter. m --- (-killed 932). The chronicle of Ibn Hayyan, which describes how Flaín Díaz was a supporter of Ramiro II King of León in the civil war with his brother ex-King Alfonso IV, and how his brother and son-in-law were killed in an attack in 932[958].

ii) [son (-killed 932). The chronicle of Ibn Hayyan, which describes how Flaín Díaz was a supporter of Ramiro II King of León in the civil war with his brother ex-King Alfonso IV, and how his brother and son-in-law were killed in an attack in 932[959]. same person as…? FERNANDO Díaz (-after 8 Jan [919]). "…Guter Osoriz, Guter Menendi, Arias Menendiz, Flaginus Didaz, Fredinandus Didaz…" confirmed the charter dated 24 Apr [918], probably spurious, under which "Ordonius rex et Giloria regina" donated el Coto de Valdueza to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes[960]. The proximity of the names "Flaginus Didaz, Fredinandus Didaz" in this document suggests that they may have been brothers. Conde. “Fredinandus Didazi comes, Conantius, Abolfeta iben Decenber, Adosindus...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 918 (maybe O.S.) under which King Ordoño II donated property "in Paramo" to the monastery of Santiago de Valdevimbre[961]. ]

MUNIO Flaínez, son of FLAÍN Díaz & his wife --- (-[31 Oct 961/19 Jun 962]). "Osorio Monniz, Monnio Gudesteiz, Diaco Romaniz, Monnio Flainiz, Veremudus Flainiz" confirmed the charter dated 1 Jan 943 under which King Ramiro II granted to “Vermudo Nunniz” property confiscated from “Dom Patre”[962]. "Bagauda cognomento Zidi" donated "terra…in Autario Maurisco" to "Monio Flainiz et uxore tua Froileoba" for Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas by charter dated 23 Dec 947[963]. "Monnio Flainz et uxor Froileuve" bought property "in valle de Laurenzo" by charter dated 29 Dec 947[964]. He confirmed his father-in-law's 13 Aug 949 donation to the monastery of Santiago de Valdávida and his 31 Jan 951 donation to the monastery of Sahagún[965]. The couple are recorded acquiring considerable property in the mountains between Asturias and León between 948 and 962[966]. “Guntina” sold property “in uilla Zissani” to “Munnio Flainizi et uxori uestre Froileuua” by charter dated 17 Apr 955[967]. "Ruderigo" sold property "in Uale Lagonegio" to "Munnio Flayniz et uxore vestre Freyleua" (presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas) by charter dated 31 Oct 961[968].

m (before 13 Aug 947) FROILOBA Vermúdez, daughter of VERMUDO Núñez Conde en Cea & his first wife Argila --- . "Bagauda cognomento Zidi" donated "terra…in Autario Maurisco" to "Monio Flainiz et uxore tua Froileoba" for Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas by charter dated 23 Dec 947[969]. "Monnio Flainz et uxor Froileuve" bought property "in valle de Laurenzo" by charter dated 29 Dec 947[970]. “Guntina” sold property “in uilla Zissani” to “Munnio Flainizi et uxori uestre Froileuua” by charter dated 17 Apr 955[971]. "Ruderigo" sold property "in Uale Lagonegio" to "Munnio Flayniz et uxore vestre Freyleua" (presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas) by charter dated 31 Oct 961[972]. She acquired property in Noanca without her husband 19 Jun 962 and 17 Sep 963[973]. Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 8 Jul 985 under which her daughter "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[974].

Munio & his wife had [five] children:

1. [FRUELA Muñoz (-after 1 Mar 973). "Froila Enecozi" sold "eridate…in loco…in Recoquos" to "Froila Monuzi" (presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas) by charter dated 1 Mar 973[975]. No other reference to Fruela Muñoz has been found. It is possible that "Froila Monuzi" in this charter was an error for "Flaín Monuzi", who is recorded in numerous later charters of Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas. This possibility is likely especially as it is more likely that the oldest son of Munio Flaínez would have been named Flaín after his paternal grandfather rather than Fruela, a name which is not otherwise recorded in the family.]

2. FLAÍN Muñoz (-[998/11 Mar 1003]). A charter dated 6 Sep 986 records the presence of "Fllaymus Munizi, Assurit Munizi, Aita Scemeniz, Uellasgo Muniz, Lalana" when "…Feia…et Domicio…" confirmed a donation to the monastery of Santa Marina[976]. His regular mentions in documents towards the end of the 10th century suggest that he was a supporter of Vermudo II King of León during the civil war in León[977]. "Fredino et uxor mea Leouina" donated land inherited from "suo patre de Leouina" to "Flaino Monizii et uxor vestra Iusta" (presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas) by charter dated 1 May 987[978]. "Fredino et uxor suam Leobina" sold "terras in…Oretem iusta eglesia Sanctum Andrem" to "Fllayno Munizi et uxorit vestram Iusta Pepizii" [presumably for donation to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 15 Jul 991[979]. Conde: "Elias…mandatore de comite Flaino Monizi" ordered a fine relating to the adultery admitted by "Flaino" by charter dated [22 Apr] 995[980]. [m firstly ([before 975]) his first cousin, JUSTA Fernández, daughter of conde FERNANDO Vermúdez de Cea [León] & his wife condesa Elvira Díaz (before [955]-). Her parentage is suggested by her husband being named in her mother´s document dated 975[981]. However, the charter dated 15 Jul 1009 which is quoted below shows that all the known children of Flaín Muñoz were born from his marriage to Justa Pépiz, whom he must therefore have married well before 15 Jul 991 when she is first named with her patronymic. The question is further complicated by a charter dated 26 Feb 1020, under which Fernando Flaínez (son of Flaín Muñoz) donated the monastery and town of Pereda to San Marcos, which states that one of the properties "Sajambre" had belonged to "Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri"[982]. The only apparent explanation for these two contradictory sources appears to be that Justa Fernández and Justa Pépiz were in fact the same person and that "Pépiz" represented some sort of nickname not a patronymic.] m [secondly] (before 1 May 987) JUSTA Pépiz, daughter of [983][PEPI Alfonso/PEPI Garvísiz & his wife ---] (-after 15 Jul 1009). "Fredino et uxor mea Leouina" donated land inherited from "suo patre de Leouina" to "Flaino Monizii et uxor vestra Iusta" [presumably for donating to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 1 May 987[984]. As discussed above, it is possible that Justa Pépiz was the same person as Flaín´s possible first wife Justa Fernández. "Fredino et uxor suam Leobina" sold "terras in…Oretem iusta eglesia Sanctum Andrem" to "Fllayno Munizi et uxorit vestram Iusta Pepizii" [presumably for donation to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 15 Jul 991[985]. ["Justa" exchanged land "in Piniares" with "Adefonso Didaz" by charter dated 6 Mar 997, which names “Monnio Vermudiz” as holder of adjacent property[986]. It is not known whether “Justa” in this document was Justa Pépiz.] "Justa cometissa" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Nov 997[987]. "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[988]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[989]. Conde Flaín & his [first/second] wife had five children:

a) MUNIO Flaínez (-after 1015). He confirmed the 1002 document of his brother Pedro and sister Marina[990]. "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[991]. "Kardellus abba" sold "de ville…Aqua" to "Monio Flainiz" by charter dated 31 Dec 1005[992]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[993]. In 1012, he confirmed the return of the Castillo de San Salvador to the Bishop of León jointly with his brothers Fernando and Pedro[994]. Mayordomo 13 Mar 1015[995].

b) FERNANDO Flaínez (-after 1054). "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[996].

- OSORIO.

c) ELVIRA Flaínez (-after 15 Jul 1009). "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[997]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[998].

d) PEDRO Flaínez (-[1070/72]). "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[999].

- see below.

e) MARINA Flaínez (-[11 Mar 1003/15 Jul 1009]). She carried out a transaction jointly with her brother Pedro in 1002, confirmed by their brother Munio [1000]. "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[1001]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[1002].

3. [ANSUR Muñoz (-after 1 Jan 1002). A charter dated 6 Sep 986 records the presence of "Fllaymus Munizi, Assurit Munizi, Aita Scemeniz, Uellasgo Muniz, Lalana" when "…Feia…et Domicio…" confirmed a donation to the monastery of Santa Marina[1003]. The proximity of their names in the list in this charter suggests that Ansur Muñoz and Velasco Muñoz may have been brothers of Flaín Muñoz. "Emelia" sold "pratum…in Cremenes ad illos Pontones…per termino…de Asur Munniz" to "domna Scemena Muniz" by charter dated 1 Jan 1002[1004].]

4. [VELASCO Muñoz (-after 6 Sep 986). A charter dated 6 Sep 986 records the presence of "Fllaymus Munizi, Assurit Munizi, Aita Scemeniz, Uellasgo Muniz, Lalana" when "…Feia…et Domicio…" confirmed a donation to the monastery of Santa Marina[1005]. The proximity of their names in the list in this charter suggests that Ansur Muñoz and Velasco Muñoz may have been brothers of Flaín Muñoz.]

5. JIMENA Muñoz (-after 4 Nov 1009). "Iustus et uxor mea Sabilo" sold "terra…in villa de Cornero" to "domna Xemena" by charter dated 8 May 984[1006]. "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Jul 985, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Gomez Mirelliz pater Gundisalbo Gomiz [husband of Jimena]…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[1007]. "Ximena" and her son "Gunsalvo Gunsalviz" confirmed donations to Sahagún, "villa Pozolos" formerly owned by “Gomiz Mirelliz” and “Gunsalvo Gomiz”, by charter dated 24 Jun 989[1008]. "Ximena" donated property "in Valle Lurenzi", formerly owned by "Monnio Flainz et uxor eius Fredelova [her parents]...Gundisaluus Gomez [her husband]", to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Nov 991[1009]. "Emelia" sold "pratum…in Cremenes ad illos Pontones…per termino…de Asur Munniz" to "domna Scemena Muniz" by charter dated 1 Jan 1002[1010]. "Donno et Omaialde" sold "terram…in Cremanes" to "domna Scemena Moniz" by charter dated 12 Jan 1002[1011]. "Iuliano…cum filio meo Petro" donated "terra…in Auiato" to "domna Xemena vel fratre Fredenandi et fratre Michael de Sancto Iohanne" by charter dated 4 Nov 1009[1012]. m GONZALO Gómez, son of GÓMEZ Miréllez & his wife --- (-before 8 May 984).

PEDRO Flaínez, son of FLAÍN Muñoz & his [second] wife Justa Pépiz (-[1070/72]). He carried out a transaction jointly with his sister Marina in 1002, confirmed by their brother Munio788. ""Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[1013]. "Vicenti et uxor sua Felitia" donated "terras…in loco…in Orede…per terminu de gomitz Frenando Didazi…per terminu de domna Iusta" to "Petru Flainiz et uxor vestra Bronildi" [presumably for donation to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 8 Jun 1006[1014]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[1015]. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Razel" donated the monastery of Santiago y San Miguel Arcángel, León and other properties, including "la villa de Mansilla Mayor…fuit…de genitore meo Ruderigo Muniz", to León Cathedral by charter dated 12 Nov 1012, witnessed by "…Munnio Ruderiquiz dux, Munnio Munniz, Pinniolo Scemeniz, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Froilaz, Petro Flainiz"[1016]. Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...et de Didaco Nuniz et uxori sue Gelouira...et de Durabile Uermudiz”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi" by charter dated 18 May 1019[1017]. “...Fafila Petrez maiordomo...comes Petro Flainiz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1018]. Alfonso V King of León granted property at Villaturiel to "fidelem et notarius meus Sampirus presbiter" by charter dated 13 Nov 1023, subscribed by "…Ordonius prolis Ueremundi principis, Munius Ruderiquiz, Rudericus Velaz, Petro Flainiz, Arias Pinnioliz diaconus…Muniu Munneonis, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Fernandiz, Petro Feroilaz"[1019]. "Comite Petru Flainici et uxor sua Bronildi" granted property "illo de Durable Vermudiz et de tres suos filios, de Didaco et de Saba et de Martino" to "Froila Sendinizi et uxor tua Rosla in cognomento Geta", in exchange for other property, by charter dated 15 Feb 1029[1020]. Vermudo III King of León granted property to "Monio" by charter dated 24 May 1030, subscribed by "comes Velasco Almeiuce, comes Pelagyo Froilaz, Petro Flaginiz, Rodorigo Muniuz qui armiger regis, Fafila Petriz pincerna yn palacio, Anagin Veremudiz…"[1021]. “...Fredinando Flaginiz comite...Petro Flaginiz, Flagino Fredinandiz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1022]. “Fredenandus Flaginiz comes, Petrus Flainiz comes...” [signing first and second] subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[1023]. "Vicenca…cum viro meo Lalino" sold property "in teritorio…Namo qui fuit de pater nostro Belito de mater nostra Fobe" to "Petru Flainici et uxor vestra Brunildi" by charter dated 9 Apr 1069[1024]. The sale of the property presumably took place several years earlier in view of the likely date of death of Bronilde, wife of Pedro Flaínez, as shown below. "Marina Pelaiez…quum filias meas Fronilde et Scemena" sold property "in billa…Kabatellos…que abemos de abios vel parentes nostros Pelaio Ordoniz" to "mater mea Coreiscia" by charter dated 20 May 1067[1025]. He participated in the conspiracy of his nephew Flaín Fernández for which various of his properties were confiscated including the family monastery of San Pedro de Valdoré[1026].

m ([before 1000]) BRONILDE ---, daughter of [1027][MUNIO Velásquez & his wife Goto ---] (-before 25 Jan 1052). She appears in documents with her husband from Jun 1006 until before 1056[1028]. Considering the estimated birth date of Fáfila Pérez, son of Pedro Flaínez, Bronilde´s marriage must be dated to a few years earlier than her first documental mention, unless Fáfila was born from an otherwise unrecorded earlier marriage of his father. "Vicenti et uxor sua Felitia" donated "terras…in loco…in Orede…per terminu de gomitz Frenando Didazi…per terminu de domna Iusta" to "Petru Flainiz et uxor vestra Bronildi" [presumably for donation to Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas] by charter dated 8 Jun 1006[1029]. Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...et de Didaco Nuniz et uxori sue Gelouira...et de Durabile Uermudiz”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi" by charter dated 18 May 1019[1030]. "Comite Petru Flainici et uxor sua Bronildi" granted property "illo de Durable Vermudiz et de tres suos filios, de Didaco et de Saba et de Martino" to "Froila Sendinizi et uxor tua Rosla in cognomento Geta", in exchange for other property, by charter dated 15 Feb 1029[1031]. She presumably died before 25 Jan 1052 as she is not named in the document of that date which records the donation of her husband and four children to León Cathedral (see above). "Vicenca…cum viro meo Lalino" sold property "in teritorio…Namo qui fuit de pater nostro Belito de mater nostra Fobe" to "Petru Flainici et uxor vestra Brunildi" by charter dated 9 Apr 1069[1032]. The sale of the property presumably took place several years earlier in view of the likely date of death of Bronilde, wife of Pedro Flaínez, as shown above.

Pedro & his wife had four children:

1. FÁFILA Pérez ([1000 or before]-[1065/4 Sep 1067]). His birth date is estimated on the assumption that he was not less than 20 years old when first recorded as maiordomo, and bearing in mind the estimated date of his death. Maiordomo. “...Fafila Petrez maiordomo...comes Petro Flainiz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1033]. Vermudo III King of León granted property to "Monio" by charter dated 24 May 1030, subscribed by "comes Velasco Almeiuce, comes Pelagyo Froilaz, Petro Flaginiz, Rodorigo Muniuz qui armiger regis, Fafila Petriz pincerna yn palacio, Anagin Veremudiz…"[1034]. “...Fafila Petriz...” subscribed the charter dated 4 Oct 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged “villa Lapeto qui fuit de abia mea regina domna Velasquita” with “comes Pelagio Froilaz et uxor vestra comitissa Ildontia Ordoniz” for “villa...Framilani que fuit de Monnio Didaz...in territorio Asma prope domon Sancto Iuliano”[1035]. King Vermudo III granted “medietate in villa Cesam...in territorio Legionensis”, which had first been granted to him by “genitori mei domni Adefonsi principis” but appropriated by “domna Exemena ucsor Abdela Romaniz” now in rebellion and confiscated from her and her sons, to “Fafila Petriz” by charter dated 1032[1036]. “...Fafila Petriz maiorinus...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1037]. “...Fafila Petriz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1038]. “...Fafila Petriz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1042 under which "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún[1039]. “Ouecu Ruderikiz et uxor mea Zidu” granted "vineas...in Uillade mer in locum...Callelia" to “Fafila Petriz et uxor vestra domna Gudina” by charter dated 26 Mar 1044[1040]. Conde. "Petro Flaginiz…cum filiis meis…Fafila Petriz et Fredenandus Petriz et Didacus Petriz et Scemena Petriz" donated "villas…Orede" to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 Jan 1052[1041]. "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis" by charter dated 21 Sep 1057, signed by "Fafila Petriz et uxor mea domina Mumadonna"[1042]. "Fafila Petriz et uxori mea domna Muniadona" sold "villas iuxta ribulo...Orbeco, locum...Fonte Mannane", granted by King Vermudo to "Fafila Petriz", to “Scemeno Uelasquiz” by charter dated 14 May 1060[1043]. "Fafila Petrizi" granted "villa…qui…eridauit de filia mea qui est ad seculo migrata Bronildi…in territorio Luna…" to "afiliato meo Fafila Didazi" by charter dated 2 Apr 1061[1044]. He had presumably died before the donation made in 1067 by his brothers Diego and Fernando to his daughter Cristina. "Diaco Petriz" exchanged “hereditate quam habeo in Ueiga de Fernan Uermuiz et habui ego eam de fratre meo Fafila Petriz et ille habuit...de sua mulier domna Gutina qua hereditavit de filios que habuerunt” with Sahagún by charter dated 4 Sep 1067[1045]. m firstly GOTINA González, daughter of --- (-after 26 Mar 1044). She is named jointly with her husband in a 1043 document [1046]. “Ouecu Ruderikiz et uxor mea Zidu” granted "vineas...in Uillade mer in locum...Callelia" to “Fafila Petriz et uxor vestra domna Gudina” by charter dated 26 Mar 1044[1047]. "Diaco Petriz" exchanged “hereditate quam habeo in Ueiga de Fernan Uermuiz et habui ego eam de fratre meo Fafila Petriz et ille habuit...de sua mulier domna Gutina qua hereditavit de filios que habuerunt” with Sahagún by charter dated 4 Sep 1067[1048]. m secondly (after 26 Mar 1044) MUNIADOMNA, daughter of --- (-after 14 May 1060). "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis" by charter dated 21 Sep 1057, signed by "Fafila Petriz et uxor mea domina Mumadonna"[1049]. "Fafila Petriz et uxori mea domna Muniadona" sold "villas iuxta ribulo...Orbeco, locum...Fonte Mannane", granted by King Vermudo to "Fafila Petriz", to “Scemeno Uelasquiz” by charter dated 14 May 1060[1050]. She may have been Muniadomna, daughter of Munio Fernández & his wife Jimena, if it correct as suggested below that her daughter "Aurodulce" was the same person as María "Aurodulce", who names her grandparents Munio Fernández and Jimena in the charter dated 9 Aug 1064 which is quoted below. The difficulty with this possible co-identity is the date of her marriage, as the births of the children of Munio Fernández appear to be dated to the late 10th century: one possibility is that they were the grandparents, not parents, of Muniadomna, assuming that "abios" in the 9 Aug 1064 can be interpreted in the sense of more remote ancestors. Fáfila & his first wife had children:

a) children . Their existence is confirmed by the charter dated 4 Sep 1067 under which "Diaco Petriz" exchanged “hereditate quam habeo in Ueiga de Fernan Uermuiz et habui ego eam de fratre meo Fafila Petriz et ille habuit...de sua mulier domna Gutina qua hereditavit de filios que habuerunt” with Sahagún[1051], which also shows that they all predeceased their mother.

Fáfila & his second wife had [five] children. Their parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 4 Sep 1067, quoted above, which confirms that all the children born to Fáfila´s first marriage predeceased their mother:

b) MARTÍN Fáfilaz (-[4 Mar 1080/90]). "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis" by charter dated 21 Sep 1057, signed by "Fafila Petriz et uxor mea domina Mumadonna"[1052]. "Martino Fafilaz" granted "villa…que abuimus de patre meo Fafila Petriz in territorio Priamalias mea ratione…comodo illa devidimos con mee germana Aurodulze" to "Digazo Petriz et uxor vestra domna Maria" by charter dated 18 Jul 1069, in the presence of "domgna Geluira et suo filio Flaino Frenandiz et Petro Karzeci"[1053]. "Martino Fafilaz…cum uxor mea Maria Petriz" sold "solare…per terminum de Moniu Brauoliz…quomodo iurificavit eum comite Petrum Flaginiz et sua nepta Orodulce Fafilaz" to "Martino Sangiz et uxor vestra domna Iusta Fredinandiz" by charter dated 4 Mar 1080[1054]. His property sales, and the absence of documents linking him with his supposed descendants suggest that his career was an obscure one compared to that of his better known cousins. m (before 4 Mar 1080) MARINA Pérez, daughter of ---. "Martino Fafilaz…cum uxor mea Maria Petriz" sold "solare…per terminum de Moniu Brauoliz…quomodo iurificavit eum comite Petrum Flaginiz et sua nepta Orodulce Fafilaz" to "Martino Sangiz et uxor vestra domna Iusta Fredinandiz" by charter dated 4 Mar 1080[1055]. Martín & his wife had one possible child:

c) MARINA Fáfilaz (-after 21 Sep 1057). "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis" by charter dated 21 Sep 1057, signed by "Fafila Petriz et uxor mea domina Mumadonna"[1056].

d) BRONILDE Fáfilaz (-before 2 Apr 1061). "Fafila Petrizi" granted "villa…qui…eridauit de filia mea qui est ad seculo migrata Bronildi…in territorio Luna…" to "afiliato meo Fafila Didazi" by charter dated 2 Apr 1061[1057].

e) CRISTINA Fáfilaz (-after 12 Jul 1067). "Cliens et pusille Christine condam filia Fafila Petriz" donated property "ex dato de tios meos Didago Petriz et Fernando Petriz…et illa ratione de Enego Fernandiz" to the monastery of San Pedro Apóstol de Valdoré by charter dated 12 Jul 1067[1058].

f) ["Aurodulce" Fáfilaz (-after 18 Jul 1069). "Martino Fafilaz" granted "villa…que abuimus de patre meo Fafila Petriz in territorio Priamalias mea ratione…comodo illa devidimos con mee germana Aurodulze" to "Digazo Petriz et uxor vestra domna Maria" by charter dated 18 Jul 1069, in the presence of "domgna Geluira et suo filio Flaino Frenandiz et Petro Karzeci"[1059]. She may have been the same person as one of the other daughters who are named above, “Aurodulce” being a nickname. "Martino Fafilaz…cum uxor mea Maria Petriz" sold "solare…per terminum de Moniu Brauoliz…quomodo iurificavit eum comite Petrum Flaginiz et sua nepta Orodulce Fafilaz" to "Martino Sangiz et uxor vestra domna Iusta Fredinandiz" by charter dated 4 Mar 1080[1060]. same person as…? MARÍA "Aurodulce" (-after 30 Apr 1084). "Maria cognomento Aurodulce" granted "hereditate et monasterium que abui de abios meos Monio Fernandiz et domna Scemena…in territorio Asturiense…in locum Lena…Sancte Eolalie et Sancti Iohannis" to "Maria Froilaz" by charter dated 9 Aug 1064, confirmed by "comitensa domna Gunterodo, Domna Gotina"[1061]. "Aurodulce" sold “hereditatem meam quam habeo de meas arras que michi dedit Fernando Nunniz in territorio de Melgar iuxta flumen Ceia, Uilla...Corta...medietate” to “Uermudo Lopez et uxor tua Aurovellito” by charter dated 5 May 1077[1062]. "Fernando Nunniz...cum uxor mea Maria" sold “uno solare...in villa...Patrezellos iuxta riuulo de Cisneros...ad me illud dedit domna Munnia” to “Albaro Albariz et uxori tue Marie” by charter dated 30 Apr 1084[1063]. “Domna Munnia” in this document could be Muniadomna, wife of Fáfila Pérez, and mother-in-law of Fernando Núñez if the co-identity proposed above is correct. m FERNANDO Núñez, son of NUÑO --- & his wife --- (-after 30 Apr 1084).]

2. FERNANDO Pérez (-[27 Jan 1064/1067]). “...Fredinando Petriz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Mar 1042 under which "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona"[1064]. “...Fernando Petriz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 1046 under which "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún[1065]. "Petro Flaginiz…cum filiis meis…Fafila Petriz et Fredenandus Petriz et Didacus Petriz et Scemena Petriz" donated "villas…Orede" to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 Jan 1052[1066]. "Fernando Petriz, Flaino Fermandiz, Gonsalbo Donniz" confirmed the charter dated 21 Sep 1057 under which "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis"[1067]. "Fredinandus Petriz...cum coniuge mea Geluira" donated “villamque Sancti Crucis...[et] in territorio Cisnarios in Ueica” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Jan 1064[1068]. [“...Fredinando Petriz..." subscribed the charter dated 26 Mar 1071 under which King Sancho II granted privileges to “Veremundo Sandinez de monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ”[1069]. "Fernando Petriz...cum uxore mea Geluira" donated their third shares in “villas...habemus de auolorum parentumque nostrorum...in Uilla Aker...Quintanella in Riuo Sicco...in amnis Estula in Uilla Nova...in Uilla Oria...Moral de rio de Porma...Villa Maria...excepto uno solare quem dedi a Munnio Sarazinz” to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Oct 1075[1070]. It is unlikely that these two charters refer to the same couple, especially as Elvira donated property for her husband´s soul by charter dated 1067 (see below) which suggests that he had died.] m ELVIRA Núñez, daughter of NUÑO Ermegíldez & his wife --- (-[after 13 Oct 1075]). "Fredinandus Petriz...cum coniuge mea Geluira" donated “villamque Sancti Crucis...[et] in territorio Cisnarios in Ueica” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Jan 1064[1071]. "Geluira Nunniz...cum filiis meis Flaino, Gunterodo...et Iusta" donated “portionem...in Noantica” to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Fredinando Petriz”, by charter dated 1067[1072]. “Domgna Geluira...cum filis meis Flaino et Guntro et Iusta” granted "vineas...que abuitmus de parentorum nostrorum comide Petro Flainiz et comedi[sa] domgna Bronildit in territorio Leonesis inter crepinis Toriu et Porma, Solanella" to “Digao Petriz et uxor vestra domn[a Maria]” by charter dated 16 Feb 1068[1073]. "Martino Fafilaz" granted "villa…que abuimus de patre meo Fafila Petriz in territorio Priamalias mea ratione…comodo illa devidimos con mee germana Aurodulze" to "Digazo Petriz et uxor vestra domna Maria" by charter dated 18 Jul 1069, in the presence of "domgna Geluira et suo filio Flaino Frenandiz et Petro Karzeci"[1074]. “Geluira prolix filia Nunno Ermegildic et filio meo Flaino Fernandiz” sold "solare in Sancta Cruce de Uouatella iusta ripa fluminis Zeiia" to “Steuano Ciluanez et Gontruede” by charter dated 12 Jul 1071[1075]. “Domna Eluira...cum filio meo Flain Fernandiz” donated "uno solare...que abemus de abolorum parentumque nostrorum in loco...Uilla Orelle in riuulo Giginnati..." to Sahagún by charter dated 12 May 1072[1076]. ["Fernando Petriz...cum uxore mea Geluira" donated their third shares in “villas...habemus de auolorum parentumque nostrorum...in Uilla Aker...Quintanella in Riuo Sicco...in amnis Estula in Uilla Nova...in Uilla Oria...Moral de rio de Porma...Villa Maria...excepto uno solare quem dedi a Munnio Sarazinz” to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Oct 1075[1077]. It is unlikely that this charter refers to the same couple as Elvira donated property for her husband´s soul in 1067, which suggests that he was already dead.] Fernando & his wife had three children:

a) FLAÍN Fernández (-after 1078). "Fernando Petriz, Flaino Fermandiz, Gonsalbo Donniz" confirmed the charter dated 21 Sep 1057 under which "Fafila Petriz" granted "villas…in Castrello et in Unica de Fernando Uermudiz…alias…quem abuit de meo pater comite Petro Flainiz et mater mea comitissa domna Bronildi" to "Martino Fafilaz et ad Marina Fafilaz qui estis filiis meis"[1078]. "Geluira Nunniz...cum filiis meis Flaino, Gunterodo...et Iusta" donated “portionem...in Noantica” to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Fredinando Petriz”, by charter dated 1067[1079]. “Domgna Geluira...cum filis meis Flaino et Guntro et Iusta” granted "vineas...que abuitmus de parentorum nostrorum comide Petro Flainiz et comedi[sa] domgna Bronildit in territorio Leonesis inter crepinis Toriu et Porma, Solanella" to “Digao Petriz et uxor vestra domn[a Maria]” by charter dated 16 Feb 1068[1080]. "Martino Fafilaz" granted "villa…que abuimus de patre meo Fafila Petriz in territorio Priamalias mea ratione…comodo illa devidimos con mee germana Aurodulze" to "Digazo Petriz et uxor vestra domna Maria" by charter dated 18 Jul 1069, in the presence of "domgna Geluira et suo filio Flaino Frenandiz et Petro Karzeci"[1081]. “Geluira prolix filia Nunno Ermegildic et filio meo Flaino Fernandiz” sold "solare in Sancta Cruce de Uouatella iusta ripa fluminis Zeiia" to “Steuano Ciluanez et Gontruede” by charter dated 12 Jul 1071[1082]. “Domna Eluira...cum filio meo Flain Fernandiz” donated "uno solare...que abemus de abolorum parentumque nostrorum in loco...Uilla Orelle in riuulo Giginnati..." to Sahagún by charter dated 12 May 1072[1083].

b) GONTRODO Fernández (-after 16 Feb 1068). "Geluira Nunniz...cum filiis meis Flaino, Gunterodo...et Iusta" donated “portionem...in Noantica” to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Fredinando Petriz”, by charter dated 1067[1084]. “Domgna Geluira...cum filis meis Flaino et Guntro et Iusta” granted "vineas...que abuitmus de parentorum nostrorum comide Petro Flainiz et comedi[sa] domgna Bronildit in territorio Leonesis inter crepinis Toriu et Porma, Solanella" to “Digao Petriz et uxor vestra domn[a Maria]” by charter dated 16 Feb 1068[1085].

c) JUSTA Fernández . "Geluira Nunniz...cum filiis meis Flaino, Gunterodo...et Iusta" donated “portionem...in Noantica” to Sahagún, for the soul of “viro meo Fredinando Petriz”, by charter dated 1067[1086]. “Domgna Geluira...cum filis meis Flaino et Guntro et Iusta” granted "vineas...que abuitmus de parentorum nostrorum comide Petro Flainiz et comedi[sa] domgna Bronildit in territorio Leonesis inter crepinis Toriu et Porma, Solanella" to “Digao Petriz et uxor vestra domn[a Maria]” by charter dated 16 Feb 1068[1087]. m (1080 or before) MARTÍN Sánchez, son of ---. "...Martino Sanziz merino in Castela..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[1088]. "...Martino Sanccioniz maiorinus regis in Castelle..." confirmed the charter dated 14 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI granted freedoms and exemptions to Sahagún[1089].

3. DIEGO Pérez (-[10 Aug/Dec] 1069). "Petro Flaginiz…cum filiis meis…Fafila Petriz et Fredenandus Petriz et Didacus Petriz et Scemena Petriz" donated "villas…Orede" to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 Jan 1052[1090]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 5 Apr 1078 under which “Maior Froilaz cognomento Maria con sus hijos Froila y Antonino, hijos de Diego Petriz y nietos del conde Pedro Flainiz” sold property to the church of Oviedo[1091]. He acquired property near Porma 15 Feb 1044, other property in Atavlio jointly with his wife in 1056, and the villa de Primajas from his nephew Martín Fáfilaz 10 Aug 1069 [1092].

- CIFUENTES.

4. JIMENA Pérez (-after 1056). "Petro Flaginiz…cum filiis meis…Fafila Petriz et Fredenandus Petriz et Didacus Petriz et Scemena Petriz" donated "villas…Orede" to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 Jan 1052[1093]. She sold the villa of Atavlio, near Gijón, to her brother Diego Pérez in 1056[1094].

D. FAMILY of GODESTEO DÍAZ

Two siblings:

1. GODESTEO Díaz . “Mamadonna comitissa” donated “in Caraveio...in Mazoferrario...in Quintana Levaniaga...ex parte matris heredito...et in Villamajore tres divisas, uno de meo patre Gustio Didaz, altera de meo germano Didaco Gustioz, tertia de mea tia domna Onneca” to the church of Sasamón Santa María by charter dated 23 Nov 1071[1095]. m as her first husband, TERESA Muñoz, daughter of conde MUNIO Fernández [de Saldaña] & his wife Elvira Froilaz (-after 1049). She married secondly Pedro Froílaz. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Momadonna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1049[1096]. Teresa & her first husband had [six] children:

a) DIEGO Godestéiz (-before 22 Jul 1048). "…Didacus Gudesteiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Mar 1028 under which "Tarasia proles Ueremudi principis et xristi ancilla" donated property in León to Santiago de Compostela, for the soul of "genitricis mee dive memorie dne. Giloire regine"[1097]. "Monnio Godesteiz…cum uxore mea Maria" donated "in Planctatella terciam porcionem…sicut ea iurificavit pater meus Gudesteo Diaz…ecclesiam…Sancti Iohannis que dedit mater mea monasterio Sancti Facundi qui fuit divisa de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteoz" to Sahagún by charter dated 22 Jul 1048[1098]. “Mamadonna comitissa” donated “in Caraveio...in Mazoferrario...in Quintana Levaniaga...ex parte matris heredito...et in Villamajore tres divisas, uno de meo patre Gustio Didaz, altera de meo germano Didaco Gustioz, tertia de mea tia domna Onneca” to the church of Sasamón Santa María by charter dated 23 Nov 1071[1099]. "Comitissa Momadonna" donated “palacios...habeo...de viro meo comite Monnio Afonso...in monte de Abneza...racione que fuit de germana de viro meo domna Enderquina...in Fontezellas medietatem...in Gordaliza...in Uallezello...in flumine Pisoriga, in Planctatella terciam porcionem...de patre meo Gudesteo Diaz...solares de Planctatella populent in alia divisa que fuit de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteiz, filios de Petro Ouequiz” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo et de filio meo Petro Monniz”, by charter dated 2 Apr 1083[1100].

b) GOTINA Godestéiz (-after 21 Nov 1058). King Fernando I granted "villas...Planctata et iacet in ripa riuulo Pisorga et illa alia...Respeidena" to “filios et filias de Gudesteo Didaz...domna Gutina, cometissa domna Momadonna et filio et fratri vestro Monnio Gudesteoz nomine Philippo” by charter dated 21 Nov 1058[1101].

c) MUNIO Godestéiz (-[27 Apr 1054/21 Nov 1058]). ["Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes, mea ratione…inter meos germanos…Munnio et Gunterode…et Mumadomna…in loco segus ribulo Zeia etiam…ereditates…in Riosekello" to Sahagún by charter dated 14 Jan 1038[1102]. As noted above, it is assumed that Munio and Muniadomna in this document were Munio Godestéiz and Muniadomna Godestéiz (Gontroda is not otherwise known).] “...Monnio Gudesteoz...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 1046 under which "Christique ancilla Urraca" donated "hereditates...habui ex...sorore mea...Enderquina qui absque prolis mortua est...villa...Auasta" to Sahagún[1103]. "Monnio Godesteiz…cum uxore mea Maria" donated "in Planctatella terciam porcionem…sicut ea iurificavit pater meus Gudesteo Diaz…ecclesiam…Sancti Iohannis que dedit mater mea monasterio Sancti Facundi qui fuit divisa de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteoz" to Sahagún by charter dated 22 Jul 1048[1104]. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Momadonna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1049[1105]. “Mamadonna filia Godesteo Didaz et de domna Taresia...cum filio meo Petro Munioz”, and “Munnio Gustioz...audivi ad supradicta soror mea Mamadonna”, donated property between the rivers Duero and Arlanza to Arlanza by charter dated 27 Apr 1054[1106]. m MARÍA ---, daughter of --- (-after 22 Jul 1048). "Monnio Godesteiz…cum uxore mea Maria" donated "in Planctatella terciam porcionem…sicut ea iurificavit pater meus Gudesteo Diaz…ecclesiam…Sancti Iohannis que dedit mater mea monasterio Sancti Facundi qui fuit divisa de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteoz" to Sahagún by charter dated 22 Jul 1048[1107]. Munio & his wife had two children:

i) FELIPE Muñoz . King Fernando I granted "villas...Planctata et iacet in ripa riuulo Pisorga et illa alia...Respeidena" to “filios et filias de Gudesteo Didaz...domna Gutina, cometissa domna Momadonna et filio et fratri vestro Monnio Gudesteoz nomine Philippo” by charter dated 21 Nov 1058[1108].

ii) DIEGO Muñoz .

d) [GONTRODA (-after 14 Jan 1038). Her parentage is indicated by the charter dated 14 Jan 1038 under which "Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes, mea ratione…inter meos germanos…Munnio et Gunterode…et Mumadomna…in loco segus ribulo Zeia etiam…ereditates…in Riosekello"[1109], on the assumption that Munio and Muniadomna were Munio Godestéiz and Muniadomna Godestéiz (Gontroda is not otherwise known).]

e) [SANCHA (-after 14 Jan 1038). "Paterno Uelasquiz", on his deathbed, instructed "uxorem meam Sanciam" to donate "villa…Bobatella…quam habui emptam proprio precio de domna Goto" to Sahagún, and "uxore sua domna Sancia et sorores eius Maria Uelasquiz et Momadonna Uelasquiz" donated the property as requested, by charter dated 30 Jan 1032[1110]. Her parentage is indicated by the charter dated 14 Jan 1038 under which "Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes, mea ratione…inter meos germanos…Munnio et Gunterode…et Mumadomna…in loco segus ribulo Zeia etiam…ereditates…in Riosekello"[1111], on the assumption that Munio and Muniadomna were Munio Godestéiz and Muniadomna Godestéiz (Gontroda is not otherwise known). m PATERNO [Anaia] Velásquez, son of --- (-[10/30] Jan 1032). "Goto" sold "curte de Panninus et…villa…Bobatella…abui…de parentum meorum Monnio Ouequiz et domna Liliola…in territorio Zeia" to "Paterno Uelasquiz" by charter dated 8 Apr 1007[1112]. The background to this sale is set out in a later charter: a charter dated 30 Jun 1019 records that "Gundesindo Diaz de terra Asturiense" married "in Campos in rio de Aratoi uxor...Goto" who inherited his property when he died, that "homo de genere ipsius Gundesindi...Uimare Sesnandiz et uxor sua Bronildi" claimed this property (“de Gundesindo Diaz...suo tio”), that in settlement “domno Goto” donated “villa...Bobatella” to “Uimara Sesnandiz” who sold it to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[1113]. "Paterno Uelasquiz", on his deathbed, instructed "uxorem meam Sanciam" to donate "villa…Bobatella…quam habui emptam proprio precio de domna Goto" to Sahagún, and "uxore sua domna Sancia et sorores eius Maria Uelasquiz et Momadonna Uelasquiz" donated the property as requested, by charter dated 30 Jan 1032[1114].] Paterno & his wife had two children:

i) MARIA . A charter dated 30 Jun 1019 records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[1115].

ii) MUNIADOMNA . A charter dated 30 Jun 1019 records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[1116].

f) MUNIADOMNA Godestéiz ([1005/15]-after 2 Apr 1083). ["Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes, mea ratione…inter meos germanos…Munnio et Gunterode…et Mumadomna…in loco segus ribulo Zeia etiam…ereditates…in Riosekello" to Sahagún by charter dated 14 Jan 1038[1117]. As noted above, it is assumed that Munio and Muniadomna in this document were Munio Godestéiz and Muniadomna Godestéiz (Gontroda is not otherwise known).] "Munnio Adefonsi filius" donated "per titulum et dotis arrarum villa…Sancto Romano…in rio de Cisneiros" to "uxore mee Mumadona", specifying that if they had children they would share with "meo filio Adefonso", by charter dated 6 Mar 1042[1118]. "Tharasia Munioni filia…in coniugio Petro Froylas comite in terra Bergidensium…natus fuit filium…Pelagium" donated "in…villa de Orrea…monasterum" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 12 Mar 1048, witnessed by "Mumma domna prolis Godesteus"[1119]. "Moniu Adefonso…quum uxoris mee Momadomna…et filiis meis Adefonso, Iohannes et Petrus" donated "duos monasterios…Sancta Maria de Perrozo et…Santi Iacobi…et in Ual de Rodies tercia de …ereditates…ex partem sororem nostre Inderquine" to Santa María de Piasca by charter dated 12 May 1048[1120]. "Momadonna filia Gudesteo Didaz" donated "in Planctatella…mea racione…[et] de parte de comite domno Monnio habeo per dotem…et illas que filia mea Taresa de patre suo Nebzano Osoriz venit" to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Mar 1049[1121]. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Momadonna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1049[1122]. "Domna Moniadomna et filio meo Petro Monio" donated "monasterii Sancti Laurentii" to the monastery of San Cosme y Damián y Santa Eufemia by charter dated 14 Jan 1052[1123]. “Mamadonna filia Godesteo Didaz et de domna Taresia...cum filio meo Petro Munioz”, and “Munnio Gustioz...audivi ad supradicta soror mea Mamadonna”, donated property between the rivers Duero and Arlanza to Arlanza by charter dated 27 Apr 1054[1124]. "Momadonna, Godesteo Didaz filia…cum filio meo Petro Monnioz" donated property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 16 Nov 1055[1125]. A charter dated 1 Sep 1058 records that "cometissa domna Momadomna...cum filio meo Petro" donated “in Ualle Rodias...in Cisnarios” to Santa María de Piasca, after the death of her husband “comes...Monnio Adefonso” and her older son “Iohannes in rudis infantie paruulum”[1126]. King Fernando I granted "villas...Planctata et iacet in ripa riuulo Pisorga et illa alia...Respeidena" to “filios et filias de Gudesteo Didaz...domna Gutina, cometissa domna Momadonna et filio et fratri vestro Monnio Gudesteoz nomine Philippo” by charter dated 21 Nov 1058[1127]. "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama” to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz” by charter dated 20 Mar 1064[1128]. "Domna Mamadona" donated "villa…Pilella in Ualle Matrigali…de viro suo Nepzano Osoriz…villa…Fonte Foiolo…de viro meo Munnio Adefonso ganavit illa in sua vita post morte de sua mulier domna Goto…et ad suo germano Guterri Adefonso" to León Cathedral, recording that "postea ipse comite mulier" had "duos filios Iohanne Muniz et Petro Muniz" who both predeceased her, by charter dated 28 Sep 1066[1129]. "Mamadona dicta comitissa et Christi ancilla" donated property "quod fuit vir meus comite Munio Adefonso" to León Cathedral, adding that her sons predeceased her, by charter dated 6 Mar 1071[1130]. “Mamadonna Comitissa” donated property to “ecclesia…Sancta Maria in Samonensi” by charter dated 1071 which names “meo patre Gustio Didaz…meo germano Didaco Gustioz…mea tia Domna Onneca”[1131]. [“Momadonna” donated "medietate in villa...Calzatella...in territorio Sante Marie in loco...Goza et abui eam de parte abii mei Gundissaluo Onuscez et uxor sue domna Gotina, donant eis comite Garsea Gomiz, propria sua ereditate...[et] in Uilla Turde meo monasterio...Sancte Marie" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Aug 1071, confirmed by “Petro Assuriz comite, Martino Adefonso comite, Gundissaluo Adefonso, Guterre Adefonso, Nunnio Monnuz, Pelagio Monniuz”[1132]. It is not certain that the donor was Muniadomna Godestéiz. While the chronology appears favorable, if this co-identity is correct the donor´s named “abii” must have been her great-grandparents as her grandparents are known. The other possibility is that the donor was Muniadomna Ovéquiz (see below). It should be noted that all the subscribers (except the first one Pedro Ansúrez) were members of the family of Munio Alfonso, who was the second husband of Muniadomna Godestéiz.] “Momadonna Gudesteiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Curta iuxta riuulo Ceia...fuit de filio meo Iohanne Monniz" to “Gonsaluo Ansuriz...et uxori tue Sol Rodriquiz” by charter dated 18 Nov 1071[1133]. “Mamadonna comitissa” donated “in Caraveio...in Mazoferrario...in Quintana Levaniaga...ex parte matris heredito...et in Villamajore tres divisas, uno de meo patre Gustio Didaz, altera de meo germano Didaco Gustioz, tertia de mea tia domna Onneca” to the church of Sasamón Santa María by charter dated 23 Nov 1071[1134]. "Momadonna prolis Gudestei Diaz" donated “uno solare in villa...Matancia” to “Michael Baltariz”, and after his death to “domna nepta Maria”, by charter dated 31 Oct 1077[1135]. "Comitissa Momadonna" donated “palacios...habeo...de viro meo comite Monnio Afonso...in monte de Abneza...racione que fuit de germana de viro meo domna Enderquina...in Fontezellas medietatem...in Gordaliza...in Uallezello...in flumine Pisoriga, in Planctatella terciam porcionem...de patre meo Gudesteo Diaz...solares de Planctatella populent in alia divisa que fuit de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteiz, filios de Petro Ouequiz” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo et de filio meo Petro Monniz”, by charter dated 2 Apr 1083[1136]. m firstly NEPOCIANO Osóriz, son of [OSORIO Díaz & his wife Sancha Sánchez] (-before 1040). Alférez 1032 to 9 Jun 1037[1137]. m secondly (before 6 Mar 1042) as his second wife, conde MUNIO Alfonso, son of ALFONSO Díaz & his wife María --- (-1051).

2. ONECA (-before 23 Nov 1071). “Mamadonna comitissa” donated “in Caraveio...in Mazoferrario...in Quintana Levaniaga...ex parte matris heredito...et in Villamajore tres divisas, uno de meo patre Gustio Didaz, altera de meo germano Didaco Gustioz, tertia de mea tia domna Onneca” to the church of Sasamón Santa María by charter dated 23 Nov 1071[1138].

E. FAMILY of GONZALO MUÑOZ

1. GONZALO Muñoz (-after 1 Oct 1047). Conde: “...Guntisalbo Monioz comite...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1139]. “...Gonzaluo Moniz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[1140]. m ---. The name of Gonzalo´s wife is not known. Gonzalo & his wife had [four] children:

a) ALFONSO González (-after 11 May 1094). Conde. “Comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged "duas de Sancta Euuenia...super Melgar de Abduz et...alia tercia...que fuit de tua matre super flumine de Cea” with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi” for “Couelas...in riba de Dorio et...Ysornio...et Uilla Uelasco et Sancto Romano de illa Cuba et...Uilla Fexem...inter Uezela et flumine de Aradoi” by charter dated 11 May 1094[1141]. m ---. The name of Alfonso´s wife is not known. Alfonso & his wife had four children:

i) MUNIO Alfonso (-before 31 May 1096). “Domna Xemena...cum sororibus meis Zet Adefonsiz, Conterotz Adefonsiz cum filiis et cum sobrinis nostris” donated "monasterio...Sanctus Engratia necnon Sancti Stephani...in Lacuna duas divisas in Sauto iuxta Porto de Ueza...in Amieua...in Saliamne...in Veiga iuxta Pereta divisa de Ceth Adefonsiz et de Scemena Adefonsiz et de Monnio Adefonsiz...in Porta, in Rianno divisa de Gonterolz Alfonso...in Uilla Uerde iuxta amnis Estula...divisa de Gonterote Alfonso” to Sahagún, for the soul of “patris nostro Adefonso Gunsaluiz”, by charter dated 5 Mar 1096[1142]. m as her second husband, GOTINA Pérez, widow of DIEGO Gutiérrez, daughter of PEDRO Ovéquiz & his wife Ildonza Muñoz (-after 2 Jun 1105). “Ildonza et filiis meis Facundo et Gotina” sold "solare...habemus de auolorum parentumque meorum in Gallekellos territorio Melgare super ripam fluminis Ceia" to “Dominico Elaz” by charter dated 9 Nov 1068[1143]. "Eslonza...cum filiis meis Facundo et Gotina" donated “uno solare...Gallekellos in ripa de Ceia” to Sahagún by charter dated 9 Feb 1074[1144]. “Gotina Petriz...nepta de...Gotina Gutterriz et de Monnio [Iohannes]...cum filiis meis Petro Diaz, Fernando Diaz, Facundo Diaz” confirmed donations made to “monasteriolum...Sancti Michaelis...in Gallekellos” made by “aua mea domna Gotina” by charter dated 14 Jul 1089[1145]. She made a donation of land in the "valle de Flanera", San Salvador de Rode, belonging to her late husband in 1094, in which her children Pedro, Pelayo and Gontrodo are named[1146]. “Gotina Petriz...cum filiis meis Petro Didaz, Fernando Didaz” donated "in villa...Quintana...in Otero...et in Rianno...quem habui de viro meo Monnio Adefonso” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 May 1096[1147]. The order of Gotina´s first two marriages is not clear from this document. She married thirdly Ordoño Flaínez. “Ordonio Flainiz...cum coniuge mea Gotina prolis Petri” donated "ex parte aviorum parentumque meorum in loco...Uilla Noua de Rebollera divisa mea...et de germana mea Gunterote Flainiz" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Jan 1104[1148]. “Gotina Petriz, filius eius Fernando Diaz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1105 under which "Uelasco Rodriquiz” donated “mea divisa de Uilla Uellaco” to Sahagún after being severely wounded on campaign by charter dated 2 Jun 1105[1149].

ii) JIMENA Alfonso (-after 5 Sep 1108). “Domna Xemena...cum sororibus meis Zet Adefonsiz, Conterotz Adefonsiz cum filiis et cum sobrinis nostris” donated "monasterio...Sanctus Engratia necnon Sancti Stephani...in Lacuna duas divisas in Sauto iuxta Porto de Ueza...in Amieua...in Saliamne...in Veiga iuxta Pereta divisa de Ceth Adefonsiz et de Scemena Adefonsiz et de Monnio Adefonsiz...in Porta, in Rianno divisa de Gonterolz Alfonso...in Uilla Uerde iuxta amnis Estula...divisa de Gonterote Alfonso” to Sahagún, for the soul of “patris nostro Adefonso Gunsaluiz”, by charter dated 5 Mar 1096[1150]. “Semena Anfonso...cum filio meo Iohanne Petriz” donated "uno solare que fuit de Petro Monnioz et de illa divisa que fuit de Tarasia quam dedit mihi maritus meus Petrus Ennequiz in arras in villa...Serna...” to the monastery of San Salvador by charter dated 1 Jun 1096[1151]. “Semena Anfonso” donated "duas divisas...in Cornon et...in Uadello...[et] palacios in villa...Serna in Barrio de Ferrera...et...uno solare que fuit de Petro Monnioz” to the monastery of San Salvador de Nogal, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Ennequiz et filio meo Iohan Petriz”, by charter dated 5 Sep 1108[1152]. m PEDRO Iñíguez, son of ÍÑIGO --- & his wife --- (-before 1 Jun 1096). Pedro & his wife had one child:

(a) JUAN Pérez (-before 5 Sep 1108). “Semena Anfonso...cum filio meo Iohanne Petriz” donated "uno solare que fuit de Petro Monnioz et de illa divisa que fuit de Tarasia quam dedit mihi maritus meus Petrus Ennequiz in arras in villa...Serna...” to the monastery of San Salvador by charter dated 1 Jun 1096[1153]. “Semena Anfonso” donated "duas divisas...in Cornon et...in Uadello...[et] palacios in villa...Serna in Barrio de Ferrera...et...uno solare que fuit de Petro Monnioz” to the monastery of San Salvador de Nogal, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Ennequiz et filio meo Iohan Petriz”, by charter dated 5 Sep 1108[1154].

iii) CETE Alfonso . “Domna Xemena...cum sororibus meis Zet Adefonsiz, Conterotz Adefonsiz cum filiis et cum sobrinis nostris” donated "monasterio...Sanctus Engratia necnon Sancti Stephani...in Lacuna duas divisas in Sauto iuxta Porto de Ueza...in Amieua...in Saliamne...in Veiga iuxta Pereta divisa de Ceth Adefonsiz et de Scemena Adefonsiz et de Monnio Adefonsiz...in Porta, in Rianno divisa de Gonterolz Alfonso...in Uilla Uerde iuxta amnis Estula...divisa de Gonterote Alfonso” to Sahagún, for the soul of “patris nostro Adefonso Gunsaluiz”, by charter dated 5 Mar 1096[1155].

iv) GONTRODA Alfonso . “Domna Xemena...cum sororibus meis Zet Adefonsiz, Conterotz Adefonsiz cum filiis et cum sobrinis nostris” donated "monasterio...Sanctus Engratia necnon Sancti Stephani...in Lacuna duas divisas in Sauto iuxta Porto de Ueza...in Amieua...in Saliamne...in Veiga iuxta Pereta divisa de Ceth Adefonsiz et de Scemena Adefonsiz et de Monnio Adefonsiz...in Porta, in Rianno divisa de Gonterolz Alfonso...in Uilla Uerde iuxta amnis Estula...divisa de Gonterote Alfonso” to Sahagún, for the soul of “patris nostro Adefonso Gunsaluiz”, by charter dated 5 Mar 1096[1156].

b) ILDONZA González (-after 4 Jun 1097). "Comes Adefonsus Munniuz...cum uxor mea comitissa domna Ildonzia et filiis meis Martini et Monnio et Gonzalbo et Maria et Maiore et Eiloni" donated “ereditate...abeo de parentum meorum Munnio Adefonso in villa...Uillacorta in territorio...Zeia...mea porcione...” to “Fredinando Nunniz” by charter dated 11 Sep 1054[1157]. “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated "hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanego...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce" to Sahagún, for the souls of “mee et de filia mee Goto prolis Adefonsi comitis et mee”, by charter dated 1 May 1071[1158]. “Comidissa domina Ildonza prolis Conzalbizi” arranged with "Belliti Uitras et uxor tua domina Coto" to populate “solare in Campo” by charter dated 29 Mar 1092[1159]. “Comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged "duas de Sancta Euuenia...super Melgar de Abduz et...alia tercia...que fuit de tua matre super flumine de Cea” with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi” for “Couelas...in riba de Dorio et...Ysornio...et Uilla Uelasco et Sancto Romano de illa Cuba et...Uilla Fexem...inter Uezela et flumine de Aradoi” by charter dated 11 May 1094[1160]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated "monasterio...Sancti Petri in Ualle de Trikeros...vocitatur de Canalellias...mediam villam de Petrosa” to Sahagún by charter dated 29 Nov 1094, which also records that “Gotina Monniz” donated “unum solare...in Quintanella de Iuso quem dedit mihi ipsa comitissa”[1161]. A charter dated to [29 Nov 1094] records donations made by “Ildonza comitissa” to Sahagún, including property donated for the soul of "germana mea Auro” and for the soul of “Gonzaluo Afonso filio meo”[1162]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated “uno solare...in villa Gordaliza” to “Ugoni clerico” by charter dated 27 Feb 1095[1163]. “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Gundisalui” donated “uno solare...in villa...Gordaliza...fuit...de Geluira” to “Michael Christouaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1095[1164]. “Comitissa Eldonza Gonzaluiz” donated “uno solare in territorio Trikeros in villa...Quintanella de Iuso super Trikeros...” to “Pelagio Faildiz” by charter dated 28 Apr 1095[1165]. “Ildonza comitissa” donated “divisa in Uilla Uelasco iuxta riuulo Aratoi” to Sahagún, for the soul of “Gunzaluo Adefonso filio meo”, by charter dated 4 Jun 1097[1166]. m ALFONSO Muñoz, son of MUNIO Alfonso & his first wife Goto Fernández (-after 1059).

c) MARÍA González (-before 11 May 1094). "Fredenando prolis Ueremudi" granted “dote...villas...quem abeo de aborum parentum meorum...Ualle Salice...in amnis Zeya, Castro...Abaiub...in Aratoy, Fontes de Uerrozi...prope Uilla Ferrozin, Sancta Maria de Aratoy...Quintanella et Ueizana et Kalzatella” to “coniuge mee Marie” by charter dated 11 Jan 1074[1167]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 11 May 1094 under which “Comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged "duas de Sancta Euuenia...super Melgar de Abduz et...alia tercia...que fuit de tua matre super flumine de Cea” with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi” for “Couelas...in riba de Dorio et...Ysornio...et Uilla Uelasco et Sancto Romano de illa Cuba et...Uilla Fexem...inter Uezela et flumine de Aradoi”[1168]. m FERNANDO Vermúdez, son of VERMUDO Ordóñez & his wife Sancha Eriz.

d) [AURO (-before [29 Nov 1094]). A charter dated to [29 Nov 1094] records donations made by “Ildonza comitissa” to Sahagún, including property donated for the soul of "germana mea Auro” and for the soul of “Gonzaluo Afonso filio meo”[1169]. It is possible that Auro was a nickname and that this sister was the same person as María who is named above.]

F. OSORIO

FERNANDO Flaínez, son of FLAÍN Muñoz & his [second] wife Justa Pépiz (-after 1054). "Iusta Christi ancilla…cum filiis meis Monnio Flainez, Fredenando Flaginez, Petro Flaginez, Geluira et Marina" donated "Uilla Uaica…[subtu]s Penna Meane" to Sahagún, for the soul of "viro meo Flagino Monniz", by charter dated 11 Mar 1003[1170]. "Iusta Pepiz[i]…gum filios meos Munnio Flainici et Fredenando Flayniz et Pedrum Flainizi et Gylloira" granted "mediedadem in villa…in terredorio Noanticam in locum…iustas Sanctum Martinum…qui fuit de filia mea Marina que abuit…cum suo iermano Pedru Flainizi" to "nepto meo Flaino Pedrizi", in return for "villa de Uaica" which she donated "ad frater de Parameno" for the soul of "viro meo Flaino Monizi", by charter dated 15 Jul 1009[1171]. He joined with his brother Munio in his 1012 document[1172]. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Razel" donated the monastery of Santiago y San Miguel Arcángel, León and other properties, including "la villa de Mansilla Mayor…fuit…de genitore meo Ruderigo Muniz", to León Cathedral by charter dated 12 Nov 1012, witnessed by "…Munnio Ruderiquiz dux, Munnio Munniz, Pinniolo Scemeniz, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Froilaz, Petro Flainiz"[1173]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1174]. “...Fredenando Flaginiz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1175]. “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1176]. Conde 1028. He supported Alfonso V King of León against rebellions by the nobility during the early years of his reign. Tenente of la Torres de León and governor of the city. He founded the monastery of Pereda 26 Feb 1020 jointly with his wife, and their children Flaín, Oveco, Pedro, Pelayo, Munio and Diego. Alfonso V King of León granted property at Villaturiel to "fidelem et notarius meus Sampirus presbiter" by charter dated 13 Nov 1023, subscribed by "…Ordonius prolis Ueremundi principis, Munius Ruderiquiz, Rudericus Velaz, Petro Flainiz, Arias Pinnioliz diaconus…Muniu Munneonis, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Fernandiz, Petro Feroilaz"[1177]. “Nunnus Moniz, Fredenandus Flaginiz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[1178]. "…Federnandus Flainiz comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Mar 1028 under which "Tarasia proles Ueremudi principis et xristi ancilla" donated property in León to Santiago de Compostela, for the soul of "genitricis mee dive memorie dne. Giloire regine"[1179]. "Geluira comitissa…cum viro meo comite Fernando Flainz" exchanged "in territorio Saliame locum…in Oselia ecclesia…Sancta Maria" for "uno busto…Rio Torto" with Sahagún by charter dated 27 Apr 1028[1180]. "…Fernandus Flainiz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[1181]. “Fernando Flaginiz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1182]. He supported Sancho "el Mayor" King of Navarre in his war against Vermudo III King of León in 1034, although he barricaded himself in the city of León against Fernando I King of Castile after killing King Vermudo in battle at Tamarón. He held out until 21 Jun 1038, although he subsequently accepted the new royal government[1183]. “...Fredinando Flaginiz comite...Petro Flaginiz, Flagino Fredinandiz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1184]. “Fredenandus Flaginiz comes, Petrus Flainiz comes...” [signing first and second] subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[1185].

m ELVIRA Peláez, daughter of conde PELAYO Rodríguez & his wife Gotina Fernández de Cea. “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1186]. "Geluira comitissa…cum viro meo comite Fernando Flainz" exchanged "in territorio Saliame locum…in Oselia ecclesia…Sancta Maria" for "uno busto…Rio Torto" with Sahagún by charter dated 27 Apr 1028[1187]. Her parentage is suggested by the charter dated [13 Nov 1028] under which "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed a donation of property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of her son "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz"[1188].

Fernando & his wife had [eight] children:

2. [FERNANDO Fernández (-after [13 Nov 1028]). His parentage is suggested by the charter dated [13 Nov 1028] under which "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed a donation of property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz"[1189]. However, Fernando is not named in his parents’ charter dated 26 Feb 1020 which names their other known six sons.]

3. FLAÍN Fernández (-[1061/28 May 1065]). “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1190]. “...Fredinando Flaginiz comite...Petro Flaginiz, Flagino Fredinandiz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1191]. Conde 1038. "…Flagino Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[1192]. "Flaino Fernandiz et uxor mea domna Sancia" donated "villa que fuit de…comitissa domna Flamula…in loco…Turio" to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 Oct 1046[1193]. "…Flagino Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[1194]. "Fronildi prolem Pelagii" donated "monasterios…de Uerga…Sancti Iohannis…in ripa fluvii Estole partem terciam que fuit de avio meo Fredenando Veremudiz et in Sauero…Sancti Felicis" to León Cathedral by charter dated 1058, confirmed by "Flaino Fredenandiz comes, Martino Flaginiz, Didaco Petriz, Petro Romaniz…Petrus Gundisaluiz"[1195]. It appears that he led a rebellion against Fernando I King of Castile and León in 1061, for which his property was confiscated[1196]. Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "hereditates quos ganabit pater meus de comite Flagino Fredenandiz…secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz" by charter dated 15 Oct 1071[1197]. m firstly SANCHA ---, daughter of --- (-after 28 Oct 1046). "Flaino Fernandiz et uxor mea domna Sancia" donated "villa que fuit de…comitissa domna Flamula…in loco…Turio" to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 Oct 1046[1198]. This charter suggests that Sancha, wife of Flaín Fernández, was descended from Flámula, who has been identified as the wife of Fruela Gutiérrez and maternal grandmother of Sancha Sánchez, wife of Osorio Díaz. If that relationship is correct, the chronology suggests that Sancha must have been a remote descendant, maybe Flámula´s great great grand-daughter. Another possibility is that the property owned by Flámula had been sold or otherwise transferred to an ancestor of Sancha. m secondly (after 1046) TODA Fernández, daughter of FERNANDO --- & his wife --- (-after 23 Apr 1075). "Tota et filiis meis Fernando Flainiz et Martino Flainiz" donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 May 1065[1199]. She confirmed the 23 Apr 1075 donation of her son Fernando[1200]. Flaín & his second wife had three children:

a) FERNANDO Flaínez (-after 1106). "Tota et filiis meis Fernando Flainiz et Martino Flainiz" donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 May 1065[1201]. “Martino Flainz et Fredenando Flainz” sold "divisione...de villa...Farauellos subtus Otero Maurisco territorio Ceia" to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Feb 1072[1202]. “Fredinandus Flainiz” donated "hereditatem...in locum...Uilla Farauellos subtus Aucter Morisco iuxta Ceia” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Jul 1073[1203]. Alférez of Alfonso VI King of Castile 14 Mar 1075 to 17 Oct 1077[1204]. It appears that he was disgraced in some way as he received no reward for his services and was evicted from his lands in 1078. [“Comes Martino Flainz...cum germano suo” donated “divisionem in villa...Farauellos” to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Mar 1091[1205]. It is not known whether Fernando was the brother who donated this property with Martín Flaínez.] “Fernandus Flainiz” sold "hereditatem...habeo de parentibus meis in Uilla Toso" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Feb 1101[1206]. [“Martino Petriz...cum uxore mea Maria Fernandiz et Fernando Flainz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla Orelli iuxta riuulo...Gisinati" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Jan 1106[1207]. The joint donation under this charter suggests that the property was owned by the donors together, presumably by inheritance. Martín Pérez and his wife have not been identified in the family of Fernando Flaínez. It is possible therefore that this charter does not refer to the same Fernando Flaínez who was the son of Flaín Fernández.] “Fernando Flainz” donated "in terra de Legione...et in Campos vel de Castella...quantum habeo...inter meos germanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 1106, which also provides for the case in which he married and had children[1208].

b) ONEGA Flaínez (-after 1097). King Alfonso VI names her in 1097 as having been guilty of an unspecified crime[1209].

c) MARTÍN Flaínez (-killed in battle Uclés May 1108). "Fronildi prolem Pelagii" donated "monasterios…de Uerga…Sancti Iohannis…in ripa fluvii Estole partem terciam que fuit de avio meo Fredenando Veremudiz et in Sauero…Sancti Felicis" to León Cathedral by charter dated 1058, confirmed by "Flaino Fredenandiz comes, Martino Flaginiz, Didaco Petriz, Petro Romaniz…Petrus Gundisaluiz"[1210]. "Tota et filiis meis Fernando Flainiz et Martino Flainiz" donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 May 1065[1211]. “Martino Flainz et Fredenando Flainz” sold "divisione...de villa...Farauellos subtus Otero Maurisco territorio Ceia" to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Feb 1072[1212]. Señor de Aguilar. Conde 1080.

- OSORIO.

4. JUSTA Fernández . A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that property confiscated from "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was, after “multorum...annorum”, requested by “Fronili Pelaiz” from “suprinas suas Onnega Gomez et Iusta Fernandiz”[1213]. same person as …? JUSTA Fernández (-after 29 Mar 1085). "Assur Diaz et uxor mea Iusta" donated property in León to León Cathedral by charter dated 29 Sep 1047[1214]. "Iusta comitissa...cum filio meo Diaco Assuriz" donated “in villa...Uilla Alba nostram portionem...[et] in Carapipas” to Sahagún by charter dated 1065[1215]. "Iuxta dicta comitissa" donated "quintam partem meam portionem…in litore fluminis Orbensis…in territorie Humanie…in Sena" to León Cathedral by charter dated 19 Feb 1071[1216]. “Pelagio Moniz” donated "ereditate que abemus in Uerdiaio de abibus nostris et de parentibus nostris" to the monastery of San Martín and San Miguel in Pereda and “ad illa comitissa domna Iusta, monacos et sorores” by charter dated 26 Apr 1072[1217]. Towards the end of her life, Justa lived at Cluny: the abbot of Cluny and his community including "comitissa de terra Spanensi...Iusta", who declared that she left “in patrio sua nec filios nec filias”, sold property of “propinquus suus aut de viri sui qui comite Ansur Didaz” to “filius [suus] alia uxori...comite domno Petro...et uxore vestre comitissa domna Eilo” by charter dated 29 Mar 1085[1218]. m as his [fourth] wife, conde ANSUR Díaz, son of conde DIEGO Fernández de Saldaña & his wife Marina [Ansúrez] (-30 Sep 1047).

5. PEDRO Fernández (-after 26 Feb 1020). “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1219].

6. OVECO Fernández (-after 26 Feb 1020). “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1220].

7. PELAYO Fernández (-after 1050). “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1221]. “...Pelagio Fredinadiz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1222]. Alférez of Fernando I King of Castile 17 Feb 1039 to 20 Mar 1039. "Pelagio Fernandiz armiger regis…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[1223]. “...Pelaio Fernandiz, Monnio Fernandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1042 under which "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún[1224]. Conde 1043. m ---. The name of Pelayo's wife is not known. Pelayo & his wife had one child:

a) FLAÍN Peláez (-after 1 Feb 1083). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[1225]. m as her second husband, GOTINA Vermúdez, widow of PEDRO Muñoz, daughter of VERMUDO Vélaz & his first wife Elvira --- (-after 1 Apr 1091). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[1226]. “Cotina Uermutiz” donated “Uilla Abduz in loco...Aratoi mea racione...eredavit de viro meo Petro Monniuz et per meas arras” to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Oct 1086[1227]. “Uermudo Petriz” donated “mea hereditate in Aratoi...villa...Abduz” to “mea matre domne Gotine...Veremuiz” by charter dated 5 Aug 1087[1228]. “Christi seruorum ancilla Gotina Uermudiz” donated “in Uilla de Abduz tertiam partem...in Curonio, in Sancta Maria meam portionem” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Apr 1091[1229]. Flaín & his wife had [four] children:

i) VERMUDO Flaínez (-after 1 Feb 1083). "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[1230].

ii) GONZALO Flaínez (-after 15 Dec 1096). “Gonsaluo Flainz...cum uxore mea Marina Albariz et cognatis meis Petro Albariz et Iohanne Albariz et Uermudo Albariz” donated "porcionem...in Sancta Maria de Curonio et in Sopenna” to Sahagún, for the soul of “matris nostra Gontina”, by charter dated 15 Dec 1096[1231]. m MARINA Álvarez, daughter of ÁLVARO --- & his wife --- (-after 15 Dec 1096). “Gonsaluo Flainz...cum uxore mea Marina Albariz et cognatis meis Petro Albariz et Iohanne Albariz et Uermudo Albariz” donated "porcionem...in Sancta Maria de Curonio et in Sopenna” to Sahagún, for the soul of “matris nostra Gontina”, by charter dated 15 Dec 1096[1232].

iii) [ORDOÑO Flaínez (-after 19 Jan 1104). “Sonna Monniz, Velasco Monniz, Ordonio Flainz” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1097 under which “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Munio et Geluira” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Auosot discurrente rio Sicco prope aulam Sancti Saluatoris...” to Sahagún[1233]. No proof has been found that Ordoño Flaínez and his sister Guntroda were children of Flaín Peláez. In particular, no connection has been made through “Uilla Noua de Rebollera”, which is the only property so far identified connected to Ordoño Flaínez. In addition, no connection has been found in the family of Flaín Peláez with the name Ordoño. However, no other suitable “Flaín” has yet been found who could have been Ordoño´s father so the connection remains a possibility. “...Gunzaluo Nunniz, Pelagio Monniz, Ordonius Flainiz, Sonna Monniz, Uelasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 24 Oct 1097 under which “Urraka Nunniz...et...filie eius...Maria et Geluira” donated “habeo et auiis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Cisneros...” to Sahagún[1234]. “Ordonio Flainiz...cum coniuge mea Gotina prolis Petri” donated "ex parte aviorum parentumque meorum in loco...Uilla Noua de Rebollera divisa mea...et de germana mea Gunterote Flainiz" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Jan 1104[1235]. m as her third husband, GOTINA Pérez, widow firstly of DIEGO Gutiérrez and secondly of MUNIO Alfonso, daughter of PEDRO Ovéquiz & his wife Ildonza Muñoz (-after 2 Jun 1105). “Ildonza et filiis meis Facundo et Gotina” sold "solare...habemus de auolorum parentumque meorum in Gallekellos territorio Melgare super ripam fluminis Ceia" to “Dominico Elaz” by charter dated 9 Nov 1068[1236]. "Eslonza...cum filiis meis Facundo et Gotina" donated “uno solare...Gallekellos in ripa de Ceia” to Sahagún by charter dated 9 Feb 1074[1237]. “Gotina Petriz...nepta de...Gotina Gutterriz et de Monnio [Iohannes]...cum filiis meis Petro Diaz, Fernando Diaz, Facundo Diaz” confirmed donations made to “monasteriolum...Sancti Michaelis...in Gallekellos” made by “aua mea domna Gotina” by charter dated 14 Jul 1089[1238]. She made a donation of land in the "valle de Flanera", San Salvador de Rode, belonging to her late husband in 1094, in which her children Pedro, Pelayo and Gontrodo are named[1239]. “Gotina Petriz...cum filiis meis Petro Didaz, Fernando Didaz” donated "in villa...Quintana...in Otero...et in Rianno...quem habui de viro meo Monnio Adefonso” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 May 1096[1240]. “Ordonio Flainiz...cum coniuge mea Gotina prolis Petri” donated "ex parte aviorum parentumque meorum in loco...Uilla Noua de Rebollera divisa mea...et de germana mea Gunterote Flainiz" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Jan 1104[1241]. “Gotina Petriz, filius eius Fernando Diaz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jun 1105 under which "Uelasco Rodriquiz” donated “mea divisa de Uilla Uellaco” to Sahagún after being severely wounded on campaign[1242].]

iv) [GUNTRODA Flaínez (-[before 19 Jan 1104]). “Ordonio Flainiz...cum coniuge mea Gotina prolis Petri” donated "ex parte aviorum parentumque meorum in loco...Uilla Noua de Rebollera divisa mea...et de germana mea Gunterote Flainiz" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Jan 1104[1243]. No proof has been found that Ordoño Flaínez and his sister Guntroda were children of Flaín Peláez. In particular, no connection has been made through “Uilla Noua de Rebollera”, which is the only property so far identified connected to Ordoño Flaínez. In addition, no connection has been found in the family of Flaín Peláez with the name Ordoño. However, no other suitable “Flaín” has yet been found who could have been Ordoño´s father so the connection remains a possibility.]

8. MUNIO Fernández (-after 31 Aug 1050). “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1244]. "…Flagino Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[1245]. “...Pelaio Fernandiz, Monnio Fernandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1042 under which "Ermegildo Nunniz…cum uxore mea Adosinda" donated "Uilla de Domno Iohanne medietate et Uilla Ueiga medietate…in territorio Riuulo Sicco" to Sahagún[1246]. "…Flagino Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[1247].

9. DIEGO Fernández (-after 26 Feb 1020). “...Didaco Fredenatiz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1248]. “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Flaino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1249]. same person as...? DIEGO Fernández Conde [in Asturias] .

G. FAMILY of MUNIO RODRÍGUEZ

MUNIO Rodríguez "Canis", son of --- (-after 26 Feb 1020). [Conde: "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1250]. It is unclear which Munio Rodríguez was the subscriber of this document.] Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1251]. “...Monio Rodriquiz...Moniu Moniuci...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1252]. An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” had founded “monasterium de Carauia” [Cartavio][1253]. “Munio Roderici comes...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[1254]. Five of his children and their spouses are shown in Salazar Acha, without sources noted[1255].

m ANDERQUINA Froílaz, daughter of conde FRUELA Vélaz & his second wife Eilo ---. She is named, together with her parents, in the 18 Jul 1047 charter of her daughter Aldonza: “La condesa Aldonza…cum viro meo comite Piniolo Scemeniz” donated “la villa de Andoriga de abio nostro Froila Velaz et de abia nostra domna Eylo et de parentes nostros comites Monnio Roderiquiz et Inderquina” to San Vicente de Oviedo by charter dated 18 Jul 1047[1256].

Munio & his wife had [seven] children:

1. MUNIO Muñoz (-after 15 Nov 1028). Alfonso V King of León sold "villa...que fuit de...Ablabel et Gunterodo...in provincia Asturiense secus albeo Leena, villa...Clausas" to "Monio Muniuzi" by charter dated 13 Apr 1012[1257]. Conde: "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1258]. "…Munnio Munneoniz qui et maiordomus, Froila Munneoniz…" confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1018 under which the abbot of Sahagún recited the foundation of the abbey and the confirmation of its privileges by King Alfonso V[1259]. Alfonso V King of León granted "in territorio Legionense in loco…in Busto de Gaudila villa…Penela" to "Munniu Munniz" in return for "villa in Asturias…Aquaria" by charter dated 8 May 1019[1260]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1261]. “...Monio Rodriquiz...Moniu Moniuci...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1262]. “Monnio Monniz comes...” confirmed the charter dated 30 Jun 1019 which records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[1263]. “...Munio Moniz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[1264]. “Monnio Monniz in Ceia, Nunno Ermeildiz, Adefonso Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1021 under which “Uegila Ouequiz” donated “villa...Coroneses...in riuulo de Aratoi” to Sahagún[1265]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[1266]. An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, names “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” when recording his marriages and descendants (as shown below)[1267]. Alfonso V King of León granted property at Villaturiel to "fidelem et notarius meus Sampirus presbiter" by charter dated 13 Nov 1023, subscribed by "…Ordonius prolis Ueremundi principis, Munius Ruderiquiz, Rudericus Velaz, Petro Flainiz, Arias Pinnioliz diaconus…Muniu Munneonis, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Fernandiz, Petro Feroilaz"[1268]. "…Monnio Monnioz comes in Ceia…" confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 1024 under which "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún[1269]. "Comite Munio Muniz vigarium regis" confiscated property from "Ratario" who had committed crimes by charter dated 1 Sep 1027[1270]. The dating clause of a charter dated 24 Feb 1028, under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún, records "Monnio Monniz comes in Ceia"[1271]. "…Munio Munionis comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Mar 1028 under which "Tarasia proles Ueremudi principis et xristi ancilla" donated property in León to Santiago de Compostela, for the soul of "genitricis mee dive memorie dne. Giloire regine"[1272]. "…Muninus Muniz…" subscribed the charter dated 15 Nov 1028 under which "Ueremudus proles Adefonsi principis et Geluire regine" donated "villam meam…Cordario que fuit avorum et parentum meorum Menendi et dne Tote" to Santiago de Compostela[1273]. m firstly JIMENA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO [Fernández] de Somedo & his wife [Jimena ---]. An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” married firstly “filiam comitis Munionis de Somedo...Xemena Moniz”[1274]. As noted above, Prieto identifies the father of Jimena as Munio Fernández[1275]. m secondly MUNIADOMNA Jiménez, daughter of JIMENO Jiménez & his wife Aragonta [Pinioliz] (-[1028/49]). An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” married secondly “comitissam Mumadompnam Xemeni sororem comitis Pinioli”, clarifying that she survived both her husband and their daughter and divided her husband´s inheritance with “filiastra...eius Xemena Moniz”[1276]. Another undated charter at Corias records that “villa de Campo Salinarum” was “hereditas comitis Munionis Monis et comitissa Mumadompna”[1277]. As his wife was named in this document, the property in question was presumably inherited by Munio from his second wife´s family. An undated charter at Corias records that “Piniolus Xemeni comes et coniux mea comitissa Ildoncia Munionis” donated to Corias “in Auanzenia, Villa mediana” which was “de sororibus nostris Auria et Mumadompna”[1278], indicating that the donor survived both his sisters. Munio & his first wife had one child:

a) JIMENA Muñoz (-after 21 Jan 1039). An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, recites that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” and his first wife “filiam comitis Munionis de Somedo...Xemena Moniz” had “filiam...Xemena Moniz”, adding that she married “Munionis Roderici comitis”[1279]. "Munnio Ruderiquiz…cum uxori mee Scemena, ploris Munnio Munniz" exchanged "villa de Flausas in Asturiciense valle Lena…qui fuit de patre nostro Munnio Munniz", as well as another property "secundam dedit eam rex domno Adefonso ad Munnio Munniz", with "Froyla Munniz et uxori vestre Gunterodo" by charter dated 21 Jan 1039[1280]. m MUNIO Rodríguez, son of RODRIGO --- & his wife --- (-after 21 Jan 1039).

Munio & his second wife had one child:

b) VELASQUITA Muñoz (-after 1028). An undated charter at Corias, which records the foundation of “monasterium Sancti Micaeli de Legione”, names “Velasquida Moniz” as the daughter of “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” and his second wife “comitissam Mumadompnam Xemeni sororem comitis Pinioli”, specifying that she died before her mother[1281]. As this document specifies that, after the death of her husband, her mother agreed with the monastery to divide the property “cum filiabus predicti comitis”, it is clear that Velasquita survived her father. However, because the same document also specifies that Velasquita´s mother later divided her husband´s inheritance with “filiastra...eius” (presumably after Velasquita died), it is also clear that Velasquita was her parents’ only child. A charter at Corias records that “Munio Munionis comes, filius comitis Munionis Roderici cognomento Canis” had one daughter “Velasquida Moniz” by his wife “cometissam Mumadompnam Xemeni, sororem comitis Pinioli” but that she predeceased her mother[1282].

2. [ALFONSO Muñoz (-after 25 Nov 1021). “Monnio Monniz in Ceia, Nunno Ermeildiz, Adefonso Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1021 under which “Uegila Ouequiz” donated “villa...Coroneses...in riuulo de Aratoi” to Sahagún[1283]. This date is early for the document to refer to Alfonso Muñoz, son of Munio Alfonso, whose first mention (probably as a child) is dated to 1030. It is possible that this Alfonso Muñoz was the younger brother of Munio Muñoz.]

3. ALDONZA Muñoz (-after [1065]). “El conde Piñolo y la condesa Aldonza” bought property “la mitad de Veiga de Meredo” from “Auria Pinioliz” by charter dated 1026[1284]. King Vermudo III donated various properties to “comiti...Pigniolo Xemeni et uxori Ildontie” and to San Juan de Corias by charter dated 11 May 1031[1285]. An undated charter at Corias records that “Piniolus Xemeni comes et coniux mea comitissa Ildoncia Munionis” donated to Corias “in villam de Corias...quatuor ecclesias...que fuerunt de parentibus nostris” (“Sancta Maria de Regula, Sancta Maria de Carozeda, Sancta Marina de Ouancaro, Sanctum Iohannem de Araniego”)[1286]. It is not clear from the document whether the churches in question were inherited from the family of Piñolo Jiménez or that of his wife Aldonza Muñoz. “Los condes Piñolo Jiménez y Aldonza Muñoz” donated property to the monastery of San Juan de Corias by charter dated 1044[1287]. "Comidesa domna Eldonza…cum viro meo comide Pinolo Semenezi" donated "ereditates…de pater nostro Monio Roderiquizi in teridorio Ual de Poblo in logo…in Quintana" to "Vermudo Uelazi et ad ucxor uestra Geluira" by charter dated 17 Nov 1046[1288]. “La condesa Aldonza…cum viro meo comite Piniolo Scemeniz” donated “la villa de Andoriga de abio nostro Froila Velaz et de abia nostra domna Eylo et de parentes nostros comites Monnio Roderiquiz et Inderquina” to San Vicente de Oviedo by charter dated 18 Jul 1047[1289]. “La condesa Aldonza” exchanged property with the monastery of San Juan de Corias by charter dated 1052[1290]. “La condesa Aldonza” built the monastery of “San Martín de Mántara, junto al río Poleiana” and donated it to the monastery of San Juan de Corias by charter dated 1054[1291]. “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “domna Esloncia uxor comitis Piniolo Xemeniz habuit filios”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, that “comitissa domna Maiur fuit uxor Munio Fredinandiz et habuit filios”, that “comitissa domna Geloira fuit uxor comes Fredinando Muniz et habuit filios Munnio Fredinandiz et aliorum quorum nomina ignoro”, that “Munio Pelaez, Ordonia Pelaiz, Petrus Pelaiz, Pelagius Pelaiz fuerunt filios de Pelagio Froilaz et comitissa domna Eslonza”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[1292]. “La condesa Aldonza” donated property “la vila de Palacio que había comprador a Felix Sarraciniz” to the monastery of San Juan de Corias by charter dated [1065][1293]. “Rodrigo Moñiz, hijo del conde Munio Rodriguez” exchanged property “la villa de Villa Cagin por otras Vilas en Figueras y en Adralés” with “la condesa Aldonza” by charter dated [1065][1294]. m (before 1026) conde PIÑOLO Jiménez, son of JIMENO Jiménez & his wife Aragonta [Pinioliz] (-22 May 1049, bur San Juan de Corias).

4. MAYOR Muñoz (-after 1084). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Maiur fuit uxor Munio Fredinandiz et habuit filios”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[1295]. The wording of this document suggests that Mayor was a widow at the time. The absence of reference to children of Mayor and her husband suggests that the couple may have been childless, as the same document names the children of Mayor´s widowed sisters. “Condesa doña María hija dl Conde don Monio Rodríguez y Enderquina su mujer” freed serfs by charter dated 1084, which states “siendo señora de Asturias la condesa Elo”[1296]. It is assumed that “Maria” was the same person as Mayor, the names being sometimes interchangeable in contemporary charters. m MUNIO Fernández, son of FERNANDO --- & his wife --- (-before 28 Jun 1056). Conde.

5. ELO Muñoz (-after 1084). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Elo fuit uxor comes domno Gundisalvo et habuit filios...Assur Gunsalviz, Petrus Gunzalvis, Munnio Gunsaluiz, Ximena Gunsaluiz, Eslonza Gunsaluis”, conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[1297]. The wording of this document suggests that Elo was a widow at the time. “Condesa doña María hija dl Conde don Monio Rodríguez y Enderquina su mujer” freed serfs by charter dated 1084, which states “siendo señora de Asturias la condesa Elo”[1298]. m GONZALO --- (-before 28 Jun 1056). Conde.

6. ELVIRA Muñoz (-after 28 Jun 1056). “Comitissa domna Esloncia et sororibus meis domna Mayior et domna Elo et item alia domna Geloria…cum Monnio Pelaiz” declared that “comes Munio Ruderiquiz maior et uxor eius comitissa domna Henderquina fuerun parentes de istas quatuor comitissas”, that “comitissa domna Geloira fuit uxor comes Fredinando Muniz et habuit filios Munnio Fredinandiz et aliorum quorum nomina ignoro”, and conclude by confirming that the monastery of Cartavio and the castillo de Aguilar belonged to the church of Oviedo, by charter dated 28 Jun 1056[1299]. The wording of this document suggests that Elvira was a widow at the time. m FERNANDO Muñoz, son of MUNIO --- & his wife --- (-before 28 Jun 1056). Conde.

7. [daughter . A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1300]. It is not known whether this daughter was one of the same daughters who are named above. Betrothed ([May] 1019) to FERNANDO Peláez, son of PELAYO Rodríguez & his wife Gotina Fernández (-after [13 Nov 1028]).]

H. GÓMEZ FAMILY (SALDAÑA and CARRIÓN)

The origins of this family, known as Beni Gómez both in Muslim and Christian Spain, are obscure. The following possible ancestry of Diego Muñoz Conde de Saldaña is suggested by Torres[1301]. The county of Saldaña was semi-independent, a territory between the county of Castile, the county of Cea and the county of Liébana, the last named being taken over around [970] by the count of Saldaña who thereby became one of the most powerful nobles of the time. The family's prestige is demonstrated by the marriages into the families of the counts of Castile and kings of León. The comital family of Carrión, and their connection with the benedictine monastery of San Zoilo, was studied by Gonzalo Martínez Díez who dispels the legendary reports concerning the family which were developed by later chroniclers[1302]. He dates the first documented appearance of this family, in the chronicle of Ibn Hayyan, to 933[1303].

[GÓMEZ Díaz, son of ---. Señor de Mixancas, Álava.

m ---. The name of Gómez's wife is not known.

Gómez & his wife had [two] children:]

1. [MUNIO Gómez . 910. Torres suggests that he was the same person as “Abolmondar Albo”[1304]. This latter person is named in the Cronica de Sampiro which records "Nunius Fredenandi, Abolmondar Albus et suus filius Didacus, et Fredenandi Ansuri filius" as those counts who governed "Burgos" and who were captured by King Ordoño II "in riuo…Carrion, loco…Tebulare", dateable to [922/23] from the context of the passage[1305]. However, “Abolmondar Albo” is more likely identified as Rodrigo Díaz, son of Diego Rodríguez “Porcelos” (see the document CASTILE COUNTS & KINGS). m ---. The name of Munio´s wife is not known.] Munio & his wife had [four] children:

a) [OSORIO Muñoz (-after 3 Apr 945). “Osorio Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Dec 937 under which King Ramiro II granted “hereditatem de homicidanes de uilla Matella qui occiderunt suprino nostro Odoario Didazi” to "Hermegildus"[1306]. "Osorio Monniz, Monnio Gudesteiz, Diaco Romaniz, Monnio Flainiz, Veremudus Flainiz" confirmed the charter dated 1 Jan 943 under which King Ramiro II granted to “Vermudo Nunniz” property confiscated from “Dom Patre”[1307]. "Ranimirus rex, Ossorio Munniz, Didacus Munniz, Gisubado Braolioniz, Virmudus Nunniz, Abaiube iben Tepite, Recemirus iben December" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Nov 944[1308]. "Ranimirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 29 Mar 945, subscribed by "Veremudus rex proles Adefonsi principis, Ordonius proles regis, Sancius frater Ordonius proles regis, Osorio Munniz, Assur Fernandiz, Aurelius Baroncelli"[1309]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "Osorius Munuzi…"[1310]. Martínez Díez points out that opinion is divided whether Osorio Muñoz was the brother of conde Diego Muñoz, the relationship being suggested by Pérez de Urbel (based on Diego Muñoz calling one of his sons Osorio) and Montenegro, but considered improbable by Justiniano Rodríguez[1311].]

b) DIEGO Muñoz (-[15 May 951/952]). "Ranimirus rex, Ossorio Munniz, Didacus Munniz, Gisubado Braolioniz, Virmudus Nunniz, Abaiube iben Tepite, Recemirus iben December" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Nov 944[1312]. Conde de Saldaña.

- see below.

c) [VERMUDO Muñoz (-after 24 Sep 946). “...Didago Monniz, Vermudo Moniz, Gomez Moniz...” confirmed the charter dated 24 Sep 946 under which King Ramiro II donated "villa...Perales et Volpiare et Villa Rezmiro secundum obtinuit illas Gundisalbo Moniz" to Vega[1313]. Their contiguous names in the subscription list in this charter suggest that Diego, Vermudo and Gómez Muñoz way have been brothers.]

d) [GÓMEZ Muñoz (-after 26 Apr 960). Montenegro has suggested that Gómez Muñoz was the brother of conde Diego Muñoz[1314]. “...Didago Monniz, Vermudo Moniz, Gomez Moniz...” confirmed the charter dated 24 Sep 946 under which King Ramiro II donated "villa...Perales et Volpiare et Villa Rezmiro secundum obtinuit illas Gundisalbo Moniz" to Vega[1315]. "…Gomez Monniz comes…Gomes Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 26 Apr 960 under which Sancho King of Castile donated property to Sahagún[1316]. The document does not refer to his county, but it is possible that he succeeded his brother as Conde de Saldaña, and was in turn succeeded by his nephew Gómez Díaz[1317].]

2. [DIEGO Gómez . There is no proof of the existence of this Diego Gómez apart from the first name and patronymic of his supposed son Nepociano Díaz. m ---. The name of Diego´s wife is not known. Diego & his wife had three possible children]:

a) [NEPOCIANO Díaz (-after 28 Jan [929]). It is likely that Nepociano Díaz belonged to the same family as the later Nepociano Díaz, who is assumed to be the son of the elder Nepociano's supposed first cousin Diego Muñoz (see below) although there is no proof that this is correct. He confirmed the 28 Jan [929] donation to the monastery of Santa María de Lara by Fernando García, later Conde de Castilla, and his mother Muniadomna[1318].] same person as...? NEPOCIANO Díaz ). Conde. García Álvarez cites an undated spurious charter in the Tumbo de Samos, which records that “la vila de Sáa en la valle de Armea, cerca de Sarria” had belonged to “doña Ildoncia, hija del rey Ramiro”, after whose death it passed “a su nepto Vermudo” who granted it to “su mujer Guntroda”, from whom it passed to “su sobrino Fruela, hijo del rey Alfonso” who gave it “al rey Ramiro” who granted it to “su hermana Auria y al conde Nepociano Díaz”[1319]. The chronology dictates that this Nepociano Díaz could not have been the same person as Nepociano Díaz who is named in a charter dated 18 Jan 982 (see below). m AUREA, daughter of [ORDOÑO II King of León & his [first/second] wife Elvira Menéndez. García Álvarez cites an undated spurious charter in the Tumbo de Samos, which records that “la vila de Sáa en la valle de Armea, cerca de Sarria” had belonged to “doña Ildoncia, hija del rey Ramiro”, after whose death it passed “a su nepto Vermudo” who granted it to “su mujer Guntroda”, from whom it passed to “su sobrino Fruela, hijo del rey Alfonso” who gave it “al rey Ramiro” who granted it to “su hermana Auria y al conde Nepociano Díaz”[1320]. [Nepociano & his wife had one child:]

i) [DIEGO Nepociánez . No proof has been found of the existence of this person other than the source quoted below refers to his supposed son as “suprino” of King Ramiro II. m ---. The name of Diego´s wife is not known. Diego & his wife had one child:]

(a) [ODOARIO Díaz (-killed before 19 Dec 937). King Ramiro II granted “hereditatem de homicidanes de uilla Matella qui occiderunt suprino nostro Odoario Didazi” to "Hermegildus" by charter dated 19 Dec 937[1321]. The precise relationship between King Ramiro and Odoario Díaz is not known. He is placed here because of the possible marriage of the king´s sister Aurea to Nepociano Díaz, shown above.]

b) [FERNANDO Díaz (-after 15 Mar 942). He confirmed the 1 May 932 judgment of Fernando González Conde de Castilla relating to the monastery of Cardeñas and Conde Fernando's 15 Mar 942 to the monastery of San Pedro de Berlangas[1322].]

c) [GÓMEZ Díaz (-after 1 May 932). He confirmed the 1 May 932 judgment of Fernando González Conde de Castilla relating to the monastery of Cardeñas, with his supposed brother Fernando Díaz[1323].]

conde DIEGO Muñoz, son of [MUNIO Gómez] & his wife --- (-[15 May 951/952]). The chronicle of Ibn Hayyan records the rebellions of "los condes Banu Gómez y Ansúrez contra su rey, el tirano Ramiro hijo de Ordoño, en apoyo de su hermano Alfonso", dated to 933[1324]. Martínez Díez identifies "Banu Gómez" as conde Diego Muñoz[1325]. Diego Muñoz (without the comital title) subscribed the charter dated 1 Nov 936 under which Ramiro II King of León donated properties belonging to his father to the monastery of San Isidro de Dueñas[1326]. “Didasco Moniz...cum coniuge mea Tegridia” founded the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas by charter dated 940, witnessed by “Tegridia...Monmo, Gomez, Ieluira, Ossorio...”[1327]. "Diaco Monniz" donated a bust "Picones" at "Cansoles" to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Mar 941[1328]. "Ranimirus rex, Ossorio Munniz, Didacus Munniz, Gisubado Braolioniz, Virmudus Nunniz, Abaiube iben Tepite, Recemirus iben December" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Nov 944[1329]. Until the early 940s he was a supporter of the kings of León, signing in 941 the pact between King Ramiro II and the Caliph. The Cronica de Sampiro records that "Fredenandus Gundissalui et Didacus Munionis" rebelled against King Ramiro II, who captured them and imprisoned them "unum in Legione, alterum in Gordone"[1330], dated to [943/44] by Torres[1331]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "Fredenandus Gundesalviz, Didacus Munniz…"[1332]. "Ranimiro rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Apr 945, witnessed by "…Didaco Muniz…"[1333]. “...Didago Monniz, Vermudo Moniz, Gomez Moniz...” confirmed the charter dated 24 Sep 946 under which King Ramiro II donated "villa...Perales et Volpiare et Villa Rezmiro secundum obtinuit illas Gundisalbo Moniz" to Vega[1334]. Conde de Saldaña [946/50]. "Fredinandus Gundisalviz comes Castelle, Didacus Monnioz comes Saldanie, Vermudus Nunez comes in Ceie, Pelagio Gundisalviz comes, Osorio Gutierriz comes, Roderico Gutierriz comes, Piloti Gebuldiz comes, Fredinando Assurez comes…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Jun 950 under which Ramiro II King of León donated property to the monastery of Cea[1335]. His last documented appearance is as witness to King Ordoño III's donation to the monastery of Sahagún 15 May 951[1336].

m ([930]) TEGRIDIA, daughter of ---. “Didasco Moniz...cum coniuge mea Tegridia” founded the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas by charter dated 940, witnessed by “Tegridia...Monmo, Gomez, Ieluira, Ossorio...”[1337]. Martínez Díez suggests [930] as the date of the couple´s marriage, on the basis of the presence of four children in this document[1338].

Diego & his wife had [ten] children:

1. MUNIO Díaz (-after [952]). “Didasco Moniz...cum coniuge mea Tegridia” founded the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas by charter dated 940, witnessed by “Tegridia...Monmo, Gomez, Ieluira, Ossorio...”[1339]. He confirmed King Ordoño III's donation to the monastery of Castañeda in [952], indicating that his father had died by that time[1340].

2. GÓMEZ Díaz (-after 5 Dec 986). “Didasco Moniz...cum coniuge mea Tegridia” founded the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas by charter dated 940, witnessed by “Tegridia...Monmo, Gomez, Ieluira, Ossorio...”[1341]. "…Gomez Monniz comes…Gomes Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 26 Apr 960 under which Sancho King of Castile donated property to Sahagún[1342]. "Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 971, confirmed by "…Gomic Didaci…"[1343]. “Nebzanus Didaci comes, Garsea Fernandiz comes, Gomiz Didaz comes, Osoiro Didaz comes, Ablauelli Gudesteoz, Gomice Fredinandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 12-13 Nov 971 under which “Abholkacem Arias” donated “uilla...in Uilla Cesane” to the monastery of San Martín de Valdepueblo[1344]. “...Gomiz Didaci...Fredinandus Didaci...Nunus Didaci, Nepzanus Didaci, Froila Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1345]. “...Gomize Didaci...Osorius Didaci...Nepotianus Didaci...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[1346]. He confirmed donations 11 May 976 ("Gomez Didazi"), 16 Jun 977 ("Gomiz Diaz comes"), 1 Sep 986 ("Gomiz Didazi"), 27 Nov 986 ("Gomez Diaz") and 5 Dec 986 ("Gomiz Didazi")[1347]. Although there appears to be no direct proof that all these entries relate to the Conde de Saldaña, the documents refer to other individuals who appear to be members of his family, in particular those of 27 Nov 986 (his supposed sister Guntrodo and brother-in-law Ablavel Godestéiz) and 1 Sep 986 (his supposed brother Osorio Díaz). Conde de Liébana: the dating clause of a charter dated 26 Apr 977, relating to the monastery of Piasca in Liébana, refers to "regnante rex Rademiro in Legione et comite Gomizi Diaz in Libana"[1348]. m (after Jun 970) MUNIADOMNA Fernández, daughter of FERNANDO González Conde de Castilla & his first wife Sancha Sánchez de Navarra (-before 1015). A charter of Sahagún dated 1036 records that, after the death of "Comes Fredenandus Gundisalviz Duc Kastelle", "filia sua…Domna Mumadona comitissa" married "virum…comite Gomez Didaz"[1349]. A charter of Sahagún monastery records that, alter the death of “comes Fredenandus Gundisalviz, Dux Castellæ…filia sua…domna Momodomna comitissa” married “comite Gomez Didaz”[1350]. Gómez & his wife had six children:

a) GARCÍA Gómez (-after 1017). Conde [in Liébana]. Garcia Gomez conde" donated his share of property "quam habeo de avorum parentumque meorum in villa…Calzatella in territorio de Carrione, in valle de Quoza" to Sahagún by charter dated 15 May 984[1351]. "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1352]. He rebelled against Vermudo II King of León in 988/89. The dating clause of a charter dated 25 Jun 989, under which "Uitale" confirmed donations to "donna Iusta" [abbess of Piasca], records "…comite Gartia Gomiz in Liuana"[1353]. He supported the rebellion of Gonzalo Vermúdez and in 993 succeeded in temporarily expelling King Vermudo from León[1354]. His relations with León improved with the accession of King Alfonso V and, after the death of al-Mansur, García Gómez was one of the nobles who counter-signed the peace treaty with his son al-Muzzaffar[1355]. In Cea and Grajal 1005: "Dominico Zitiz et uxor mea Flora" donated "villa…Morales…" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Apr 1005, the dating clause of which records "Garsea comite in Zeia et in Graliare", confirmed by "Serbando Zitiz, Garsea ibidem Gomiz, Domna Momadonna cometissa"[1356]. "…Garsia Gomiz comes, Monnio Gomiz…" confirmed the charter dated 21 Mar 1006 under which the abbot of Sahagún sold "villa in territorio Legionensi…Uncina" to "Ruderico Didazi filio"[1357]. In Ceión 1007. García rebelled again in 1007, claiming the title Conde de León. A charter of Sahagún dated 1036 records that "Comes Domno Garsea […Gomiz] et mater eius" [referring back to "Domna Mumadona comitissa"] donated property to Sahagún monastery by way of "dotis ad uxore sua Domna Mumadona"[1358]. m MUNIADOMNA, daughter of [GONZALO Vermúdez & his wife Ildonza Ramírez]. "Dominico Zitiz et uxor mea Flora" donated "villa…Morales…" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Apr 1005, the dating clause of which records "Garsea comite in Zeia et in Graliare", confirmed by "Serbando Zitiz, Garsea ibidem Gomiz, Domna Momadonna cometissa"[1359]. A charter of Sahagún dated 1036 records that "Comes Domno Garsea […Gomiz] et mater eius" [referring back to "Domna Mumadona comitissa"] donated property to Sahagún monastery by way of "dotis ad uxore sua Domna Mumadona"[1360]. She was the niece of Queen Velasquita of León.

b) VELASCO Gómez (-[1000]). Conde. "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1361]. It is possible that he was the conde of the family of Beni Gómez who was decapitated at the battle of Cervera in 1000[1362].

c) SANCHO Gómez (-executed Guadalmellato 1009). "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1363]. Tenente in Ceión. Conde: a charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1364]. Sancho Gómez was killed with Sanchuelo, son of al-Mansor, with whom Sancho returned to Córdoba after the coup led by Caliph Muhammad[1365]. m TODA García, daughter of GARCÍA Fernández Conde de Castilla & his wife Ava de Ribagorza (-after 1031). "…Tota comitissa, Frolinda comitissa…" subscribed the charter dated 25 Dec 978 under which "Garsias Ferdinandez…cum coniuge mea Ava comitisa" founded the monastery of San Cosme y San Damian de Covarrubias, offering "filiam…nostram Urracam" as a nun there[1366]. She retained Líebana after the death of her husband[1367]. "Domna Toda comitissa…filia quondam genitoris mei Garsea Fredenandiz et matris mea Domna Ava" donated the monastery of San Pelayo de Nabeda to Sahagún by charter dated 1031, subscribed by "Gundisalbo Petriz, Gundisalbo Monniuz"[1368]. Sancho & his wife had one child:

i) ELVIRA Sánchez (-after 1060). A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1369]. "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed the donation of the monastery of San Ermeterio and San Celedonio de Taranco to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz", by charter dated [13 Nov 1028][1370]. "Munnio Uellekiz et uxori me Aruidio" donated “villa...nostra portione...in Ualle de Morko...iusta terra de Ouecco Telliz, in Coneliera una terra iuxta terra de Didago Osoriz” to “comitissa Geloira Sanxiz” for donation to Sahagún by charter dated 25 Jan 1059[1371]. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1372]. m firstly ([May 1019]) conde FERNANDO Peláez, son of PELAYO Rodríguez & his wife Gotina Fernández. m secondly her second cousin, FERNANDO Díaz, son of conde DIEGO Fernández & his wife Marina --- (-1038).

d) [URRACA (-20 May 1025). "Sancius comes cum coniuge mea Urracha" offered "filiam nostram Tegridiam" to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña by charter dated 12 Feb 1011[1373]. The parentage of the wife of Conde Sancho García is not known. Salazar y Acha suggests that she was the daughter of conde Gómez Díaz de Saldaña & his wife Muniadomna Fernández[1374]. He bases this especially on the introduction of the name Tegridia into the family of the condes de Castilla, the name of the mother of conde Gómez Díaz. Regent of the county of Castile during the minority of her son. She was regent of the county of Castile during the minority of her son. m ([985/95]) SANCHO García, son of GARCÍA Fernández Conde de Castilla & his wife Ava de Ribagorza ([965]-5 Feb 1017, bur San Salvador de Oña). He succeeded his father in 995 as Conde de Castilla.]

e) [SANCHA [Urraca] Gómez (-after 983, bur [Oviedo]). Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, quotes a document dated 980 in the monastery´s archives which names "Ranimirus Rex sedis Legionensem cum uxore sua Sanctia Regina"[1375]. The Chronica de Sampiro (interpolated, España Sagrada edition) records that “Ranimirus Rex” married “Urraca” who was buried “Oveti”[1376]. According to secondary sources, the wife of King Ramiro III was Sancha Gómez, daughter of Gómez Díaz Conde de Saldaña. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. m (before Jan 979) RAMIRO III King of León, son of SANCHO I “el Craso” King of León & his wife Teresa Ansúrez ([961]-984).]

f) MUNIO Gómez (-[1024/27]). "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1377]. "…Garsia Gomiz comes, Monnio Gomiz…" confirmed the charter dated 21 Mar 1006 under which the abbot of Sahagún sold "villa in territorio Legionensi…Uncina" to "Ruderico Didazi filio"[1378]. He confirmed a donation of property “de su madre domna Mamadona” to Santo Toribio de Liébana by charter dated 1015[1379]. “Sancia cometissa” donated “hereditates...in ribulo Aratoi villa...Sancta Maria” to Sahagún, in the presence of “comite Munnio Gomez, Giloira comitissa” by charter dated 14 Jan 1020, the dating clause of which records “regnante Adefonso rex in Legione...et in Castella comite Sancio [who died in 1017, suggesting that the document may be misdated]”[1380]. "Miles Monius Gomiz et uxori mea Jelovira filia Fafila Fredenandiz et Domna Adosinda dive memorie" donated the monastery of Boadilla to Sahagún by charter dated 1024[1381]. "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Nov 1024[1382]. m [his possible second cousin,] ELVIRA Fáfilaz, daughter of conde FÁFILA Fernández & his wife Adosinda --- (-[2 Sep 1069/15 Oct 1071]). “Sancia cometissa” donated “hereditates...in ribulo Aratoi villa...Sancta Maria” to Sahagún, in the presence of “comite Munnio Gomez, Giloira comitissa” by charter dated 14 Jan 1020, the dating clause of which records “regnante Adefonso rex in Legione...et in Castella comite Sancio [who died in 1017, suggesting that the document may be misdated]”[1383]. "Miles Monius Gomiz et uxori mea Jelovira filia Fafila Fredenandiz et Domna Adosinda dive memorie" donated the monastery of Boadilla to Sahagún by charter dated 1024[1384]. "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Nov 1024[1385]. “Elvira Christi ancilla” donated property “la vila Vemudo, junto al río Valdavia, otra vila…´Aguirolo de Susano´”, for the soul of “su marido Munio Gómez y…de sus padres Fáfila Fernández y Adosinda” by charter dated 18 Aug [1027][1386]. "Geluira Fafilaz" donated "meam divisionem quem abeo in Uilla Alua, tertia" to Sahagún, for the soul of "genetrice mea Adesinda", by charter dated 9 May 1032[1387]. "Geluira Christi ancilla et deodedicata Froilam [error for Fafilam] comiti filia" donated property to León Cathedral, for the souls of "genitoribus meis Fafila Fredenandiz comite et domna Adosinda comitissa et vir meus Monio Gomiz", by charter dated 1 Mar 1037[1388]. "Ordonio Fafilaz et germana mea comitissa domna Geloira Christi ancilla et uxor mea Adosinda…cum filiis meis" donated "villam…Bercianos" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Sep 1046[1389]. "Giluira Christi ancilla et deodedicata prolis comité Fafila Fredenandiz et comitissa domna Adosinda cuius memorie diue" donated property to León Cathedral, for the soul of "vir meus Munnio Gomizi", by charter dated 2 Sep 1069[1390]. Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "…hereditates que fuerunt de comitisssa domina Geluira filia comes Faffila Fernandiz…in ripa de Estola et in illa terra de Sumontia" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz" by charter dated 15 Oct 1071[1391]. Munio & his wife had [one possible child]:

i) [MUNIO Muñoz . Martínez Díez suggests that Munio Muñoz was the son of Munio Gómez[1392]. However, it is possible that this was the same person as conde Munio Muñoz, son of Munio Rodríguez "Canis" and his wife Anderquina Froílaz (see above). Conde. "Monnio Monniz comes, Petro Froilaz comes, Diaco Fernandiz comes…" subscribed the charter dated 30 Jun 1019 which records a donation to Sahagún[1393].]

3. [ELVIRA Díaz ([930] or before-after 27 Mar 976). "Fernando Vermuiz et Gelvira uxor" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 30 Nov 973"[1394]. Her patronymic is confirmed by the document dated 27 Mar 976 quoted below. No proof has been found that her father was Diego Muñoz, but the onomastics are favorable and a marriage between the two equally influential Saldaña and Cea families is to be expected[1395]. Torres also highlights the charter dated 26 Sep 1028, under which the couple´s daughter "Scemena regina…et filia mea Urraca regina et xristi ancillas" donated property "in territorio Coza super castrum de Muza inter duos rivulos Karrione et Aratoi" to Santiago de Compostela[1396], highlighting that the properties in question were situated broadly in the area of influence of the Saldaña family and therefore could reasonably be supposed to have been inherited by the donor from her mother. She confirmed a donation to the monastery of Santa Colomba de Ripa Rubia in 975 with her husband, the document also mentioning their children and their son-in-law Flaín Muñoz[1397]. A charter dated 976 records an inventory of transactions involving "Uilla Naptaulio" which was made by "Fredenandus Uermudizi et Giluyra"[1398]. The testament of "Vela Vermudez" is dated 27 Mar 976, names "Vermudo Velaz…Argilo" as beneficiaries, confirmed by "Nunno Velaz, Fernando Vermuiz, Gilvira Didaz uxor Fernando Vermuiz, Petero Fernandiz, Gomiz Fernandiz filiis Fernando Vermuiz"[1399]. m (before [950]) FERNANDO Vermúdez, son of VERMUDO Núñez Conde [en Cea] & his first wife Argilo --- (-after 9 Oct 978).]

4. OSORIO Díaz ([930]-after 5 Dec 986). “Didasco Moniz...cum coniuge mea Tegridia” founded the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas by charter dated 940, witnessed by “Tegridia...Monmo, Gomez, Ieluira, Ossorio...”[1400]. “Nebzanus Didaci comes, Garsea Fernandiz comes, Gomiz Didaz comes, Osoiro Didaz comes, Ablauelli Gudesteoz, Gomice Fredinandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 12-13 Nov 971 under which “Abholkacem Arias” donated “uilla...in Uilla Cesane” to the monastery of San Martín de Valdepueblo[1401]. “...Gomize Didaci...Osorius Didaci...Nepotianus Didaci...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[1402]. He confirmed donations to the monastery of Sahagún 11 May 976, 16 Jun 977, 23 Apr 978, 18 Jan 982, 1 Sep 986, 27 Nov 986 and 5 Dec 986[1403]. "Osorio Didaci" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Sep 986, which names "Tegridia genetrix Osorio Didaci…uxor Osorio Didaci dive memorie Sanzie filie Sanctionis et Ildonze…Munnio Didaci abio uxoris Osorio Didaci"[1404]. Conde. "Osorius Didaz comes" confirmed the 27 Nov 986 donation of his supposed sister Guntrodo and brother-in-law Ablavel Godestéiz[1405]. He rebelled against Vermudo II King of León and his property was confiscated, as shown by the charter dated 1 Sep 996 which records his marriage (see below). m SANCHA Sánchez, daughter of conde SANCHO Muñoz & his wife Ildonza Froílaz (-before 1 Sep 986). King Vermudo II donated property to Celanova by charter dated 1 Sep 996 which names “Froila Gutterriz et uxor eius Flamule” and their successor and child “Ildontie” who left “filiam Santia” who married “Osorius Didaci” who rebelled against the king and whose property was donated (=confiscated)[1406]. "Osorio Didaci" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Sep 986, which names "Tegridia genetrix Osorio Didaci…uxor Osorio Didaci dive memorie Sanzie filie Sanctionis et Ildonze…Munnio Didaci abio uxoris Osorio Didaci"[1407]. Osorio & his wife had [one child]:

a) [--- . m ---. One child:]

i) [--- . m ---. One child:]

(a) [SANCHA (-after 1046). "Flaino Fernandiz et uxor mea domna Sancia" donated "villa que fuit de…comitissa domna Flamula…in loco…Turio" to León Cathedral by charter dated 28 Oct 1046[1408]. This charter suggests that Sancha, wife of Flaín Fernández, was descended from Flámula, who has been identified as the wife of Fruela Gutiérriz and maternal grandmother of Sancha Sánchez, wife of Osorio Díaz. If that relationship is correct, the chronology suggests that Sancha must have been a remote descendant, maybe Flámula´s great-great grand-daughter. Another possibility is that the property owned by Flámula had been sold or otherwise transferred to an ancestor of Sancha. m as his first wife, FLAÍN Fernández, son of FERNANDO Flaínez & his wife Elvira Peláez (-[1061/28 May 1065]).]

5. FERNANDO Díaz ([939/40 or after]-after 1003). His absence from his supposed father´s charter dated 940 indicates that Fernando must not have been born then, or have been an infant considered too young to be named. Fernando Díaz confirmed documents relating to the monastery of Sahagún 11 May 976, 16 Jun 977 and 1 Sep 986[1409], the last being the donation of his supposed brother Osorio Díaz, and the other two also being confirmed by his supposed brothers Gómez and Osorio Díaz.

- see below.

6. GUNTRODO Díaz ([939/40 or after]-after 21 Mar 1006). Her absence from her supposed father´s charter dated 940 indicates that Fernando must not have been born then, or have been an infant considered too young to be named. "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1410]. "Ablavel Godestioz et Guntrodo uxor" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Nov 986[1411], although the date of this document appears to contradict the previous charter dated 1 Sep 986 which records "Gunterodo Dea dicata" as having professed religion. "Ablauel Godestioz et Gunteroda" donated the church of San Julián y Santa Basilisa to the monastery of Santa Eulalia by charter dated 1 Jun 988, confirmed by "Gunteroda…"[1412]. "Gunterode" donated "villa…in territorio Legionensi…Uncina" to Sahagún by charter dated 21 Mar 1006, which explains that King Vermudo III had granted her the property from those confiscated from "Ablauel Gudesteiz…cum coniuge sua…Gunterode"[1413]. m ABLAVEL Godestéiz, son of --- (-after 1 Jun 988). “Nebzanus Didaci comes, Garsea Fernandiz comes, Gomiz Didaz comes, Osoiro Didaz comes, Ablauelli Gudesteoz, Gomice Fredinandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 12-13 Nov 971 under which “Abholkacem Arias” donated “uilla...in Uilla Cesane” to the monastery of San Martín de Valdepueblo[1414]. “...Ablavel Gudesteoz...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[1415]. “...Ablauel Gudesteoz...” confirmed the charter dated 16 Nov 985 under which King Vermudo II donated “villas in Tierra de Campos” to the church of León[1416]. “...Auelauel Gudesteoz...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Jan 986 under which Vermudo II King of León confirmed “mandationem in territorio Bubalo, Ablutinos cum Barra” to Celanova[1417]. "Ablauel Godestioz et Gunteroda" donated the church of San Julián y Santa Basilisa to the monastery of Santa Eulalia by charter dated 1 Jun 988, confirmed by "Gunteroda, Ziti Fortes, Gartia Gundisabiz, Nunnu Sarraciniz, Vela Enegozi, Gudesteo Monuzi, Tellu Sarracinizi, Nuno Sarracinizi, [Lu]mes Seruandiz, Uermudo Uermudiz, Roderiquo Smazi, Ovequo Fortuniz"[1418]. Alfonso V King of León sold "villa...que fuit de...Ablabel et Gunterodo...in provincia Asturiense secus albeo Leena, villa...Clausas" to "Monio Muniuzi", explaining that “quidam comes in Spania...Ablabel et uxor eius Gunterodo...absque filios” had rebelled “sub regimine Ueremudti regis” and joined García Fernández Conde de Castilla, by charter dated 13 Apr 1012[1419]. Ablavel & his wife had [one child]:

a) [ELDOARA (-after 23 Oct 973). “Eldoara” donated property “in Uilla Noua”, inherited from “genitor mea domna Gonterode”, to “domna Ymilo” by charter dated 23 Oct 973, witnessed by “Fredenandus Uermudez, Didacus Roderici, Ouevus Froilaz, Fredenandus Flainiz, Veremudis Ordonii prolis, Fredenando Roderici...”[1420]. Torres suggests that this document refers to the daughter of Ablavel Godestéiz and his wife[1421]. The names in the subscription list suggest that the donor was well-connected in the contemporary nobility. However, the chronology of the family of conde Diego Muñoz suggests that Eldoara would have been young to have donated property in 973. If her parentage is correct, she predeceased her father who is described as childless when he died in the charter dated 13 Apr 1012 which is quoted above.]

7. [NUÑO Díaz (-after 21 Jul 974). “...Gomiz Didaci...Fredinandus Didaci...Nunus Didaci, Nepzanus Didaci, Froila Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1422].]

8. [NEPOCIANO Díaz ([940 or after]-after 18 Jan 982). If Nepociano and Gonzalo were the sons of Diego Muñoz they were presumably born after 940 as they are not named in their father's document of that date. Although there is no proof that Nepociano Díaz was the son of conde Diego Muñoz, Nepociano confirmed documents relating to the monastery of Sahagún 11 May 976 and 18 Jan 982[1423], the former also confirmed by his supposed brothers Gómez, Osorio and Fernando Díaz, and the latter by Osorio Díaz. Although there were other possible "Diego" fathers at the time, none appears to have been so well connected as Diego Muñoz. “...Nepotianus Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 17 Sep 968 under which Ramiro III King of León donated “de comitatu de Mera III, de Nallare IV...et Parriga media et IV de comitato Nemitos” to Sobrado[1424]. “...Nepotianus Didazi...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Feb 969 under which “Geloira” [identified as Elvira daughter of King Ramiro II] granted “villas...Kampos circa Kastro Ardon” to “tio nostro Azenari Purizelliz et uxori uestre Urraka”[1425]. "Giloira Ranimiri principis filia" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 4 Apr 970, confirmed by "…Nepotianus Didaci, Froila Didaci…"[1426]. Nepociano confirmed the 12 Jul 970 donation of García Fernández Conde de Castilla to the monastery of Arlanza[1427]. Conde. “Nebzanus Didaci comes, Garsea Fernandiz comes, Gomiz Didaz comes, Osoiro Didaz comes, Ablauelli Gudesteoz, Gomice Fredinandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 12-13 Nov 971 under which “Abholkacem Arias” donated “uilla...in Uilla Cesane” to the monastery of San Martín de Valdepueblo[1428]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 973 under which Ramiro III King of León donated property to the monastery of San Cipriano [de Valdesaz][1429]. “...Gomiz Didaci...Fredinandus Didaci...Nunus Didaci, Nepzanus Didaci, Froila Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1430]. “...Gomize Didaci...Osorius Didaci...Nepotianus Didaci...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[1431]. “...Nepotianus Didaci mayordomus...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[1432]. "Ranimirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 18 Jan 977, confirmed by "…Nepotianus Didaz…"[1433]. “...Nepotianus Didaci...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[1434]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[1435].] m ---. The name of Nepociano´s wife is not known. Nepociano & his wife had [one possible son]:

a) [OSORIO --- ]. There is no proof that Osorio, father of Nepociano Osorio, was the son of Nepociano Díaz but the use of this unusual first name Nepociano suggests that there may be a close connection. m ---. The name of Osorio´s wife is not known. Assuming that Diego Osórez was her son as suggested below, she was MARÍA ---, daughter of --- (-before 1046): “Diego Osorio” donated “como testamentario de su madre doña María...la villa de Borres” to “Pelayo Díaz” by charter dated 1046[1436]. Osorio & his wife had [three] children:

i) [ALFONSO Osórez (-after 28 Mar 1032). “...Adefonsso Osoriz, Nepotiano Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1437]. “...Adefonsi Osoriz, Nepociano Osoriz...Didacus Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 28 Mar 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged properties with “comite Piniolo et comitissa Ildoncia”[1438]. The adjacent names in the subscription lists of these two charters suggest that Alfonso, Nepociano and Diego Osórez were brothers.]

ii) [NEPOCIANO Osórez (-before 1040). There is no proof that Nepociano Osórez was related to Nepociano Díaz, although the unusual name indicates a connection. Nepociano Osórez was probably the right age to have been the grandson of Nepociano Díaz. “...Adefonsso Osoriz, Nepotiano Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1439]. “...Nepotiano Osoriz...” subscribed the charter dated 6 Aug 1031 under which King Vermudo III granted “villa...Regos territorio Legionense” to “comite Froyla Moinioz et uxor tua Gunterodo”[1440]. “...Adefonsi Osoriz, Nepociano Osoriz...Didacus Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 28 Mar 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged properties with “comite Piniolo et comitissa Ildoncia”[1441]. Alférez 1032 to 9 Jun 1037[1442]. “...Nebotiano Osoriz armigerium regis...” subscribed the charter dated 9 Jun 1037 under which King Vermudo III granted jurisdiction over its inhabitants to Celanova[1443].] m as her first husband, MUNIADOMNA Godestéiz, daughter of GODESTEO Díaz & his wife Teresa Muñoz ([1005/15]-after 2 Apr 1083). She married secondly (before 6 Mar 1042) as his second wife, conde Munio Alfonso. "Momadonna filia Gudesteo Didaz" donated "in Planctatella…mea racione…[et] de parte de comite domno Monnio habeo per dotem…et illas que filia mea Taresa de patre suo Nebzano Osoriz venit" to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Mar 1049[1444]. "Domna Mamadona" donated "villa…Pilella in Ualle Matrigali…de viro suo Nepzano Osoriz…villa…Fonte Foiolo…de viro meo Munnio Adefonso ganavit illa in sua vita post morte de sua mulier domna Goto…et ad suo germano Guterri Adefonso" to León Cathedral, recording that "postea ipse comite mulier" had "duos filios Iohanne Muniz et Petro Muniz" who both predeceased her, by charter dated 28 Sep 1066[1445]. "Comitissa Momadonna" donated “palacios...habeo...de viro meo comite Monnio Afonso...in monte de Abneza...racione que fuit de germana de viro meo domna Enderquina...in Fontezellas medietatem...in Gordaliza...in Uallezello...in flumine Pisoriga, in Planctatella terciam porcionem...de patre meo Gudesteo Diaz...solares de Planctatella populent in alia divisa que fuit de fratre meo Diaco Gudesteiz, filios de Petro Ouequiz” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo et de filio meo Petro Monniz”, by charter dated 2 Apr 1083[1446]. Nepociano & his wife had one child:

(a) TERESA Nepociániz (-before 13 Mar 1049). "Momadonna filia Gudesteo Didaz" donated "in Planctatella…mea racione…[et] de parte de comite domno Monnio habeo per dotem…et illas que filia mea Taresa de patre suo Nebzano Osoriz venit" to Sahagún by charter dated 13 Mar 1049[1447].

iii) [DIEGO Osórez (-after 1 Oct 1047). “...Adefonsi Osoriz, Nepociano Osoriz...Didacus Osoriz...” confirmed the charter dated 28 Mar 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged properties with “comite Piniolo et comitissa Ildoncia”[1448]. "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" to “Diaco Gunsaluiz” by charter dated 11 Feb 1042, confirmed by "...Diaco Osoriz..."[1449]. “Diego Osorio” donated “como testamentario de su madre doña María...la villa de Borres” to “Pelayo Díaz” by charter dated 1046[1450]. Conde: “...Didaco Osoriz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[1451].]

9. [FRUELA Díaz ([940 or after]-after 24 Nov 978). "Giloira Ranimiri principis filia" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 4 Apr 970, confirmed by "…Nepotianus Didaci, Froila Didaci…"[1452]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 973 under which Ramiro III King of León donated property to the monastery of San Cipriano [de Valdesaz][1453]. “...Gomiz Didaci...Fredinandus Didaci...Nunus Didaci, Nepzanus Didaci, Froila Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1454]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[1455].]

10. [GONZALO Díaz ([940 or after]-after 16 Jun 977). Although there is no proof that Gonzalo Díaz was the son of conde Diego Muñoz, Gonzalo confirmed documents relating to the monastery of Sahagún 11 May 976 and 16 Jun 977[1456], both of which were also confirmed by his supposed brothers Gómez, Osorio and Fernando Díaz.]

FERNANDO Díaz, son of DIEGO Muñoz Conde de Saldaña & his wife Tegridia --- ([939/40 or after]-after 1003). His absence from his supposed father´s charter dated 940 indicates that Fernando must not have been born then, or have been an infant considered too young to be named. Fernando Díaz confirmed documents relating to the monastery of Sahagún 11 May 976, 16 Jun 977 and 1 Sep 986[1457], the last being the donation of his supposed brother Osorio Díaz, and the other two also being confirmed by his supposed brothers Gómez and Osorio Díaz. "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1458]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 973 under which Ramiro III King of León donated property to the monastery of San Cipriano [de Valdesaz][1459]. “...Gomiz Didaci...Fredinandus Didaci...Nunus Didaci, Nepzanus Didaci, Froila Didaz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1460]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[1461].

m MANSUARA Fafílaz, daughter of FÁFILA Oláliz & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which [her son] "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[1462]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified.

Fernando & his wife had [six] children:

1. DIEGO Fernández (-[1028/34]). Conde.

- see below.

2. [FÁFILA Fernández ([965/70]-after 4 Nov 1009). "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1463]. It is clear that the subscribers "…Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez…" were the sons of Gómez Díaz. However, it is not known whether the subscribers "…Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" were sons of Fernando Díaz. The absence of the other known sons of Fernando Díaz from the list of subscribers suggests that this affiliation may not be correct, and, in the case of Fruela Fernández, the fact that his name appears well down the list after his supposed brothers Fáfila and Osorio. "Sarrazino Silez" sold "villa in territorio Legionense locum…Antimio…et…molinos…in veiga de Sancto Antonio in flumine Uernesga…et…in valle de Ardone" to "Fafila Fredenandiz et uxori vestre Adosinda" by charter dated 16 Feb 1002[1464]. Conde. "Gonsaluo" donated "ereditate…in Uilla de Ablacete iusta flumine Porma" to "comite Fafila Fredenandiz et uxori uestre Adosinda" by charter dated 4 Nov 1009[1465]. m ADOSINDA, daughter of --- (-after 4 Nov 1009). "Sarrazino Silez" sold "villa in territorio Legionense locum…Antimio…et…molinos…in veiga de Sancto Antonio in flumine Uernesga…et…in valle de Ardone" to "Fafila Fredenandiz et uxori vestre Adosinda" by charter dated 16 Feb 1002[1466]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 18 Aug [1027] under which her daughter “Elvira Christi ancilla” donated property “la vila Vemudo, junto al río Valdavia, otra vila…´Aguirolo de Susano´”, for the soul of “su marido Munio Gómez y…de sus padres Fáfila Fernández y Adosinda”[1467]. "Gonsaluo" donated "ereditate…in Uilla de Ablacete iusta flumine Porma" to "comite Fafila Fredenandiz et uxori uestre Adosinda" by charter dated 4 Nov 1009[1468]. Fáfila & his wife had two children:

a) ELVIRA Fáfilaz (-[2 Sep 1069/15 Oct 1071]). “Sancia cometissa” donated “hereditates...in ribulo Aratoi villa...Sancta Maria” to Sahagún, in the presence of “comite Munnio Gomez, Giloira comitissa” by charter dated 14 Jan 1020, the dating clause of which records “regnante Adefonso rex in Legione...et in Castella comite Sancio [who died in 1017, suggesting that the document may be misdated]”[1469]. "Miles Monius Gomiz et uxori mea Jelovira filia Fafila Fredenandiz et Domna Adosinda dive memorie" donated the monastery of Boadilla to Sahagún by charter dated 1024[1470]. "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Nov 1024[1471]. “Elvira Christi ancilla” donated property “la vila Vemudo, junto al río Valdavia, otra vila…´Aguirolo de Susano´”, for the soul of “su marido Munio Gómez y…de sus padres Fáfila Fernández y Adosinda” by charter dated 18 Aug [1027][1472]. "Geluira Fafilaz" donated "meam divisionem quem abeo in Uilla Alua, tertia" to Sahagún, for the soul of "genetrice mea Adesinda", by charter dated 9 May 1032[1473]. "Geluira Christi ancilla et deodedicata Froilam [error for Fafilam] comiti filia" donated property to León Cathedral, for the souls of "genitoribus meis Fafila Fredenandiz comite et domna Adosinda comitissa et vir meus Monio Gomiz", by charter dated 1 Mar 1037[1474]. "Ordonio Fafilaz et germana mea comitissa domna Geloira Christi ancilla et uxor mea Adosinda…cum filiis meis" donated "villam…Bercianos" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Sep 1046[1475]. "Giluira Christi ancilla et deodedicata prolis comité Fafila Fredenandiz et comitissa domna Adosinda cuius memorie diue" donated property to León Cathedral, for the soul of "vir meus Munnio Gomizi", by charter dated 2 Sep 1069[1476]. Alfonso VI King of Castile donated "…hereditates que fuerunt de comitisssa domina Geluira filia comes Faffila Fernandiz…in ripa de Estola et in illa terra de Sumontia" to "soror mea domina Urracca prolis Fredenandiz" by charter dated 15 Oct 1071[1477]. m her father's first cousin, MUNIO Gómez, son of conde GÓMEZ Díaz & his wife Muniadomna Fernández (-[1024/27]).

b) ORDOÑO Fáfilaz (-after 7 Sep 1046). "Ordonio Fafilaz et germana mea comitissa domna Geloira Christi ancilla et uxor mea Adosinda…cum filiis meis" donated "villam…Bercianos" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Sep 1046[1478]. m ADOSINDA Núñez, daughter of --- (-after 30 May 1069). "Ordonio Fafilaz et germana mea comitissa domna Geloira Christi ancilla et uxor mea Adosinda…cum filiis meis" donated "villam…Bercianos" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Sep 1046[1479]. “Adosinda Nunniz” donated "tercia de Castellanos" to “filia mea Enderquina Ordoniz” by charter dated 30 May 1069[1480]. Ordoño & his wife had [two or more children]:

i) children . "Ordonio Fafilaz et germana mea comitissa domna Geloira Christi ancilla et uxor mea Adosinda…cum filiis meis" donated "villam…Bercianos" to Sahagún by charter dated 7 Sep 1046[1481].

ii) ENDERQUINA Ordóñez (-after 30 May 1069). “Adosinda Nunniz” donated "tercia de Castellanos" to “filia mea Enderquina Ordoniz” by charter dated 30 May 1069[1482].

3. MUNIO Fernández (-[1013/19 Dec 1016]). Vermudo II King of León granted "villam…territorio Couianca in regione Cantabrie secus fluulo Estola…villa…Toral" to "Munnio Fredenandiz" by charter dated 25 Dec 989[1483]. "Gundisaluus et uxor mea Elo" donated "vineas in villa…Taurale in locum…Ualle" to "Munniu Fernandiz et uxor tue Geluira" by charter dated 13 Jan 993[1484]. He rebelled against Vermudo II King of León in the 990s. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps", subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1485]. He rebelled against Alfonso V King of León towards the end of his life, after which his assets were confiscated[1486]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1487]. m (before [980]) ELVIRA Froílaz, daughter of FRUELA Vela & his first wife Jimena --- (-[1016]). "Gundisaluus et uxor mea Elo" donated "vineas in villa…Taurale in locum…Ualle" to "Munniu Fernandiz et uxor tue Geluira" by charter dated 13 Jan 993[1488]. Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 31 Aug 1038 under which [her daughter and son-in-law] "Rudericus prolis Galindi et Sancia prolis Monioni Fredenandi" donated "villa Sancti Laurentii…qui fuit de avio meo Froila Vigilazi…" to León Cathedral[1489]. It is assumed that Elvira Froílaz was the daughter of her father's first marriage because of the approximate date of her own marriage. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1490]. Munio & his wife had five children:

a) PEDRO Muñoz (-after 19 Aug 1022). Alfonso V King of León granted "villa…Ual de Iunco que fuit de Sesgudo" to "Pedro prolis Muniu Fredenandi" by charter dated 24 Jul 1002[1491]. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1492]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1493]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1494]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[1495]. “Nunu Petriz” donated property which had belonged to “avios et parentes nostros Petru Moniz et domna Gudigeua” to San Antolín monastery by charter dated 12 Nov 1040[1496]. m GUDIGEVA, [1497][daughter or granddaughter] of conde NUÑO Sarracínez & his wife Gudigeva ---. “Nunu Petriz” donated property which had belonged to “avios et parentes nostros Petru Moniz et domna Gudigeua” to San Antolín monastery by charter dated 12 Nov 1040[1498]. Pedro & his wife had [one child]:

i) [NUÑO Pérez (-[1045]). “Nunu Petriz” donated property which had belonged to “avios et parentes nostros Petru Moniz et domna Gudigeua” to San Antolín monastery by charter dated 12 Nov 1040[1499]. He may have been implicated in the murder of his aunt Sancha[1500].]

b) JUAN Muñoz (-after 17 May 1018). "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1501]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1502]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1503]. Conde. m as her [first] husdand, OTROSIA ---, daughter of --- (-after 25 Dec 1047). "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[1504]. She married [secondly] Osorio Ermegíldez. Her parentage and marriage to Osorio are deduced from the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[1505]. "Comitissa domna Odrocia…cum filiis nostris domna Palla et domno Osorio Osoriz" sold "solare…in Uilla de Esiliu" to "Uellit Morontaz et uxori uestre Uislauara" by charter dated 23 Oct 1047[1506]. The order of Otrosia´s two marriages is not known, but the naming of her son Osorio Osóriz after her daughter Palla in the charter dated 23 Oct 1047 suggests that he was a younger child, therefore born from her second marriage. Juan & his wife had [four] children:

i) MUNIO Yáñez (-[before 19 Jan 1044, or after 18 Feb 1053]). “...Munio Fanniz, Saracino Fanniz...Munio Fanniz...Fanne Faniz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1507]. "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[1508]. It is not specified in the document whether the donor´s three sons were deceased at the time. [If they were still alive, the following charters may refer to the same Munio Yáñez, although the reference to “Sarracino Fanniz” in the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 suggests that they were three brothers who belonged to a different family, as no son named Sarracino is named in Otrosia´s charter dated 19 Jan 1044 quoted above. "…Munio Fanniz, Sarracino Fanniz...Fanne Fanniz…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[1509]. "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes", by charter dated 15 May 1052[1510]. "…Munio Haniz, Sarracino Hanniz…" subscribed the charter dated 18 Feb 1053 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monasteries of Población and Tamara[1511].] m GOTINA Gutiérrez, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1089 under which her granddaughter "Gotina Petriz…nepta de…Donna Gotina [Gutierriz] et de Monio Joanes…cum filiis meis Petro Didaz Ferrando Didaz Facunde Didaz" committed to rebuilding the monastery of Galleguillos and donating it to Sahagún[1512]. Munio & his wife had two children:

(a) PEDRO Muñoz .

(b) ILDONZA [Eslonza] Muñoz (-after 9 Feb 1074). "Petro Obequiz…cum coniunge mea Eldonza" donated "hereditates…in Aratoy, Uilla de Mar[ban]…in Gallegallos…in Ualdespino…et in Zorita" to Sahagún by charter dated 19 Nov 1048[1513]. "Petro Ovequiz...cum coniuge mea Eldonza Monniz" donated “Uilla Cunta excepto duos solares Fredenando Albariz et Suero Uelasquiz...[et] in Gallegellos” to Sahagún by charter dated 1059[1514]. “Ildonza et filiis meis Facundo et Gotina” sold "solare...habemus de auolorum parentumque meorum in Gallekellos territorio Melgare super ripam fluminis Ceia" to “Dominico Elaz” by charter dated 9 Nov 1068[1515]. "Eslonza...cum filiis meis Facundo et Gotina" donated “uno solare...Gallekellos in ripa de Ceia” to Sahagún by charter dated 9 Feb 1074[1516]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1089 under which her granddaughter “Gotina Petriz...nepta de...Gotina Gutterriz et de Monnio [Iohannes]...cum filiis meis Petro Diaz, Fernando Diaz, Facundo Diaz” confirmed donations made to “monasteriolum...Sancti Michaelis...in Gallekellos” made by “aua mea domna Gotina”[1517]. m PEDRO Ovéquiz, son of OVECO Muñoz & his wife Marina Vimaraz (-after 1059).

ii) JUAN Yáñez (-[before 19 Jan 1044, or after 8 May 1080]). “...Munio Fanniz, Saracino Fanniz...Munio Fanniz...Fanne Faniz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1518]. "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[1519]. It is not specified in the document whether the donor´s three sons were deceased at the time. [If they were still alive, the following charters may refer to the same Munio Yáñez, although the reference to “Sarracino Fanniz” in the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 suggests that they were three brothers who belonged to a different family, as no son named Sarracino is named in Otrosia´s charter dated 19 Jan 1044 quoted above. “...Nunu Albariz, Rodrico Uermudiz, Fanni Fanniz, Didaco Albariz, Fortunio Albariz, Ordonio Ordoniz, alio Nunu Albariz” subscribed the charter dated 1 Jul 1047 under which "Salbator Gundissalbiz cum coniuge mea Momadonna" donated “duas villas in villa...Spinosa” to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[1520]. "…Munio Fanniz, Sarracino Fanniz...Fanne Fanniz…" subscribed the charter dated 31 Aug 1050 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas[1521]. "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes", by charter dated 15 May 1052[1522]. "Cometissa domna Onneca, Gomiz Fredenandiz prolis" donated property “in territorio…Borueva in villa…Ecclesiasindenia” to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla by charter dated 10 Nov 1062, confirmed by “…sennor Nunno Alvarez, sennor Roderico Bermudez, sennor Sarracino Hanniz, sennor Didaco Alvarez, sennor Hanni Hanniz, sennor Ordoni Ordoniz, sennor Fredinando Rodriz, sennor Alvaro Rodriz, sennor Eximino Lopiz, sennor Salvator Gondissalviz, sennor Galindo Belasquiz”[1523]. “...Han Hanniz..." subscribed the charter dated 26 Mar 1071 under which King Sancho II granted privileges to “Veremundo Sandinez de monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ”[1524]. "...Fan Faniz..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[1525].]

iii) ALFONSO Yáñez (-[before 19 Jan 1044]). "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[1526]. It is not specified in the document whether the donor´s three sons were deceased at the time.

iv) [daughter (-before [4] May 1042). “Comitessa domna Ofressa” granted the monastery of San Miguel de Corcos to “Petro Gundissaluiz” by charter dated [4] May 1042, confirmed by “Annaia Petri, Rudrico Fernandiz, Lupi Lupiz, Velasco Amaiaz...”[1527]. The relationship between the grantor and grantee is confirmed by a charter dated 21 Jan 1056 under which “Petro presbiter” confirmed that San Miguel de Corcos had received a donation from “comitisse domne Ofresse et Petri Gundisalvui nepotis sui”[1528]. A condesa named “Ofresa” has not otherwise been traced. It is possible that the name represents a mistranscription of Otrosia and that is the same person as Otrosia who died after 25 Dec 1047. If that is correct, Pedro González has not been identified. It is not known whether “nepotis sui” in the 21 Jan 1056 charter indicates her grandson or her nephew. Having male descendants suggests that it is less likely that Otrosia would have granted property to a nephew. On the other hand, it seems possible that she would have benefited a grandson who was the son of a deceased daughter (by either of her marriages).] m GONZALO ---, son of ---. One child:

(a) PEDRO González (-after [4] May 1042). “Comitessa domna Ofressa” granted the monastery of San Miguel de Corcos to “Petro Gundissaluiz” by charter dated [4] May 1042, confirmed by “Annaia Petri, Rudrico Fernandiz, Lupi Lupiz, Velasco Amaiaz...”[1529]. The relationship between the grantor and grantee is confirmed by a charter dated 21 Jan 1056 under which “Petro presbiter” confirmed that San Miguel de Corcos had received a donation from “comitisse domne Ofresse et Petri Gundisalvui nepotis sui”[1530].

v) [PALLA (-after 23 Oct 1047). "Comitissa domna Odrocia…cum filiis nostris domna Palla et domno Osorio Osoriz" sold "solare…in Uilla de Esiliu" to "Uellit Morontaz et uxori uestre Uislauara" by charter dated 23 Oct 1047[1531]. The identity of Palla´s father is not known. However, her brother´s name follows her own in this document, which is unusual and suggests that she was born from an earlier marriage.]

c) MARÍA Muñoz (-[1011/19 Dec 1016]). "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1532]. [m ---. One possible child:]

i) [TERESA . A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1533]. The document does not specify the relationship between the deceased and the second Teresa. The alternative possibilities appear to be that she was a younger daughter, with the same name as her older sister, or that she was a granddaughter (although the document does not refer to any grandchildren of the deceased). If the latter possibility is correct, she could have been the daughter of Munio´s daughter María who is not named in the charter and who therefore presumably predeceased her father.]

d) SANCHA Muñoz (-murdered, bur León Cathedral). "Auria…post meo obitu" granted "in territorio de Uani Amores in ville…Uanicolues" to "Petro Fredenandiz et uxori vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 3 Sep 1002[1534]. "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1535]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1536]. "Petro Fernandis" donated "in territorio Astoricensis discurrente riuulo Tera Villa de Azefe" to "uxor mea Sancia" by charter dated 19 Aug 1017[1537]. “Sancia cometissa” donated “hereditates...in ribulo Aratoi villa...Sancta Maria” to Sahagún, in the presence of “comite Munnio Gomez, Giloira comitissa” by charter dated 14 Jan 1020, the dating clause of which records “regnante Adefonso rex in Legione...et in Castella comite Sancio [who died in 1017, suggesting that the document may be misdated]”[1538]. "Cide Albonez" granted property "in territorio Astoricensis in villa…Uani Amores" to "comite Petro Fredenandiz et uxor vestre domna Sancia" by charter dated 26 Dec 1027[1539]. "Massovia" gave property to "comité Pelagio Munniz et…uxor sua domna Sancia comitissa" by charter dated 25 Feb 1029[1540]. "Sanzia Munneonis filia" sold property "qui fuit de ienitor meus Munniu Fredenandiz" to "Ziti Domenquiz" by charter dated 7 Apr 1031[1541]. "Rudericus prolis Galindi et Sancia prolis Monioni Fredenandi" donated "villa Sancti Laurentii…qui fuit de avio meo Froila Vigilazi…in Valle de Iunco villa quos concessit rex domnus Adefonsus a patri meo Munio Fredinandi…Villare de Quotanes…excepto barrio…quod est de filias de Froila Osoriz" to León Cathedral, referring also to "viro meo Petro Fredinandiz…eius filia et mea Giluira" who held property for ten years after her father´s death but then died herself, by charter dated 31 Aug 1038[1542]. m firstly (before 3 Sep 1002) conde PEDRO Fernández, son of [conde FERNANDO Vermúdez & his wife Elvira Díaz] (-1028). m secondly ([1028/25 Feb 1029]) PELAYO Muñoz, son of --- (-after 9 Jun 1037). “...Pelagio Monniuz...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1543]. “...Pelagius Muniz...” subscribed the charter dated 9 Jun 1037 under which King Vermudo III granted jurisdiction over its inhabitants to Celanova[1544]. m thirdly ([9 Jun 1037/24 May 1038]) conde RODRIGO Galíndez, son of ---. “...Roderico Galindiz...” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1545].

e) TERESA Muñoz (-after 28 May 1049). "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León and donated property bought from "domna Elodara et de filius suis…Adega et Fredenando et Sancio et domne Maiore" by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, witnessed by "filiis nostris Petro Muniz, Iohanne Munniz, Maria…Sancia, Tarasia, Adefonsus…princeps"[1546]. A charter dated 19 Dec 1016 records the division of territories between "fratres et sorores filios de Monniu Ferdinandiz et de domna Geloira…Petro Monniz frater maior et domna Sancia et Iohannes Monniz…et domna Tarasia, uigaria de Tarasia uigaria paruula"[1547]. "Tharasia Munioni filia…in coniugio Petro Froylas comite in terra Bergidensium…natus fuit filium…Pelagium" donated "in…villa de Orrea…monasterum" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 12 Mar 1048, witnessed by "Mumma domna prolis Godesteus"[1548]. "Tarasia…cum filiis meis Monnio Godesteiz et Momadonna Godestioz" donated the monasteries of San Justo, Pastor sobre el Pisuerga and San Juan de Valdealmillos to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1049[1549]. m firstly GODESTEO Díaz, son of DIEGO --- & his wife ---. m secondly PEDRO Froílaz, son of FRUELA --- & his wife --- (-after 16 Sep 1033).

4. [OSORIO Fernández (-after 1 Sep 986). "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1550]. It is clear that the subscribers "…Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez…" were the sons of Gómez Díaz. However, it is not known whether the subscribers "…Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" were sons of Fernando Díaz. The absence of the other known sons of Fernando Díaz from the list of subscribers suggests that this affiliation may not be correct, and, in the case of Fruela Fernández, the fact that his name appears well down the list after his supposed brothers Fáfila and Osorio.] same person as…? OSORIO Fernández . A charter dated to [1060] records the division of properties "inter filios de Hosorius Fredenandiz et de domna Uisclauara" made by "Monium Fredinandiz et Didagus Moniuziz" and refers to property "in divisionem de Didagus Moniuz et Froila Osoriz"[1551]. The document does not name the children of the couple. The basis on which the document is dated in the collection is unclear. "Monium Fredinandiz" could be identified as the brother of Osorio Fernández who is named above. If that is correct, the actual division of properties must have been made many years before the document was issued. "Didacus Moniuz" and "Froila Osoriz" have not been identified. m VISLAVARA, daughter of ---. A charter dated to [1060] records the division of properties "inter filios de Hosorius Fredenandiz et de domna Uisclauara" made by "Monium Fredinandiz et Didagus Moniuziz" and refers to property "in divisionem de Didagus Moniuz et Froila Osoriz"[1552]. Osorio & his wife had children:

a) children . A charter dated to [1060] records the division of properties "inter filios de Hosorius Fredenandiz et de domna Uisclauara" made by "Monium Fredinandiz et Didagus Moniuziz" and refers to property "in divisionem de Didagus Moniuz et Froila Osoriz"[1553].

5. [GÓMEZ Fernández (-after 13 Nov 971). “Nebzanus Didaci comes, Garsea Fernandiz comes, Gomiz Didaz comes, Osoiro Didaz comes, Ablauelli Gudesteoz, Gomice Fredinandiz...” confirmed the charter dated 12-13 Nov 971 under which “Abholkacem Arias” donated “uilla...in Uilla Cesane” to the monastery of San Martín de Valdepueblo[1554].]

6. [FRUELA Fernández (-after 1 Sep 986). "Gunterodo Dea dicata, Fredenando Didaci, Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez, Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1555]. It is clear that the subscribers "…Garsea Gomize, Velasco Gomize, Sanzo Gomez, Monnio Gomez…" were the sons of Gómez Díaz. However, it is not known whether the subscribers "…Fafila Fredenandiz, Osorio Fre[de]nandiz…Froila Fredenandiz…" were sons of Fernando Díaz. The absence of the other known sons of Fernando Díaz from the list of subscribers suggests that this affiliation may not be correct, and, in the case of Fruela Fernández, the fact that his name appears well down the list after his supposed brothers Fáfila and Osorio.]

DIEGO Fernández, son of FERNANDO Díaz & his wife Mansuara Fáfilaz (-[1028/34]). ["Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 971, confirmed by "…Didaqu Fredinandic comes et Maria domna mulier…"[1556]. This charter appears early to apply to Diego Fernández, son of Fernando Díaz.] He took part in several rebellions against Alfonso V King of León[1557]. Conde: "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1558]. “...Diaco Fernandiz comes...” confirmed the charter dated 30 Jun 1019 which records that “Uimara Sesnandiz” sold “villa...Bobatella” to “Paterno cognomento Annaia Uelasquiz et uxor tua Sanctia et filias tuas Maria et Momadonna”[1559].

m MARINA, daughter of --- (-after 2 Aug 1026). ["Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún by charter dated 11 May 971, confirmed by "…Didaqu Fredinandic comes et Maria domna mulier…"[1560]. This charter appears early to apply to Diego Fernández, son of Fernando Díaz.] "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral by charter dated 2 Aug 1026[1561].

Diego & his wife had three children:

1. FERNANDO Díaz (-1038). Conde. “...Fernando Didaz comes...Ansur Didaz, Gomez Didaz...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1562]. “...Fredenando Didaci comite, Gomez Didaci” confirmed the charter dated 14 Jan 1038 under which "Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes..." to Sahagún[1563]. “...Comite Fredinando Didaz, Asurz Didaz” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1564]. m as her second husband, ELVIRA Sánchez, widow of conde FERNANDO Peláez, daughter of SANCHO Gómez & his wife Toda García de Castilla (-after 1060). A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1565]. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1566]. Fernando & his wife had four children:

a) SANCHO Fernández (-before [1060]). “...Xancius Fernandiz...” subscribed the charter dated 20 Jan 1036 under which King Vermudo III confirmed “villa de San Andres” to Sahagún[1567]. “Nunno Albariz cum conjuge propria Flamula” donated “divisas duas in villa...Kastrello...in alhoze de Lerma” {Castrillo Solarana in the Nebreda valley} to Arlanza by charter dated 10 Oct 1046, witnessed by “Sancio Fredinandiz...”[1568]. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1569].

b) EMILIANO Fernández (-after 27 Mar 1046). “Emiliano Fernández, hijo del conde Fernando” donated property “en Olivares y el monasterio de San Cosme y San Damian” to San Salvador de Oviedo by charter dated 27 Mar 1046[1570].

c) URRACA Fernández (-[1038/1060]). “Urraca Fernández hija del conde Fernando” donated property “la villa de Quinzanas, junto al río Narcea” to San Salvador de Oviedo, confirmed by “sus hermanos”, by charter dated May 1027[1571]. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1572].

d) TODA Fernández (-after [1060]). A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1573].

2. ANSUR Díaz (-after 29 Sep 1047). “...Fernando Didaz comes...Ansur Didaz, Gomez Didaz...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1574]. “...comite Fredinando Didaz, Asurz Didaz” witnessed the charter dated 24 May 1038 under which Fernando I King of Castile granted “castellum...Vierbele” to “Garcia Eneconis”[1575]. Conde [Apr/Oct] 1042. "Assur Diaz et uxor mea Iusta" donated property in León to León Cathedral by charter dated 29 Sep 1047[1576].

- CASTILE & LEÓN NOBILITY (1).

3. GÓMEZ Díaz (-after 8 Nov 1057). “...Fernando Didaz comes...Ansur Didaz, Gomez Didaz...” subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1035 under which King Vermudo III recognised the church of Palencia and made donations[1577]. “...Fredenando Didaci comite, Gomez Didaci” confirmed the charter dated 14 Jan 1038 under which "Sanctia Christi ancilla" donated "villa…Gallekellos quam habui de abios meos et parentes..." to Sahagún[1578]. "…Gomez Didaz…" subscribed the charter dated 17 Feb 1039 under which Fernando I King of León donated property to the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeñas[1579]. Conde: "Comes…Gomez prolis Didago Fernandiz" donated property to the monastery of San Zoilo de Carrión by charter dated 15 Mar 1047[1580]. Tenente of Carrión.

- CASTILE & LEÓN NOBILITY (1).

I. MIRÉLLEZ FAMILY

[Three possible brothers:]

1. NUÑO Miréllez (-after 12 Jan 980). "...Nunnus Mirelli..." signed the charter for Sahagún dated 19 Aug 957[1581]. "...Nunno Mirelliz..." signed the charter for Sahagún dated 20 Jan 962[1582]. “...Nunu Mirelliz, Tello Mirelliz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Feb 969 under which “Geloira” [identified as Elvira daughter of King Ramiro II] granted “villas...Kampos circa Kastro Ardon” to “tio nostro Azenari Purizelliz et uxori uestre Urraka”[1583]. “...Nunus Mirelli...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1584]. "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1585]. His identity as the ancestor of Otrosia is deduced from the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[1586], read together with the charter dated 15 May 1052 under which "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes"[1587]. m ADOSINDA ---, daughter of --- (-after 12 Jan 980). "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1588]. Nuño & his wife had [six] children:

a) GUTIERRE Núñez . "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1589].

b) TELLO Núñez . "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1590].

c) FERNANDO Núñez . "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1591].

d) ERMEGILDO Núñez (-after 1 Sep 986). "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1592]. "...Ermeildus Nunniz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Sep 986 under which Osorio Díaz donated "villa de Arcello" to Sahagún[1593]. From a chronological point of view, it is possible that he was the father of Nuño Ermegíldez and Osorio Ermegíldez (see Part B, Ermegíldez family).

e) GOTO Núñez . "Nuno Mirelliz...Adosinda uxor Nuno Mirelliz" and their children "Guter, Tello, Fredenando, Ermeildo, Goto" donated "villa de Castellanos" to Sahagún by charter dated 12 Jan 980[1594].

f) [--- . The family relationship between Nuño Miréllez and the four daughters named below is confirmed by the charters quoted in this section. It is likely that this person was the same as one of the other children of Nuño who are named above. m [firstly] ---. The name of the [first] wife is not known. The chronology of the children suggests that his daughter María must have been considerably older than his other daughters, and so probably born from an earlier marriage. m [secondly] ---. The name of the [second] wife is not known. --- & his [first] wife had one child:

i) MARÍA (-after 1031). “Adefonsus prolix Didacus sive coniuge mee...Maria...aut filiis nostris” donated “vinia...in territorio Levanense” [Liébana] to Santillana del Mar by charter dated 16 Nov 1021[1595]. Although her origin is uncertain, Martínez Sopena highlights that her son Munio Alfonso referred to property inherited from his "abio…Nuño Miréllez", pointing out that, from a chronological point of view, it would be more consistent if he had been Munio´s great-grandfather[1596]. This refers to two documents. Firstly, "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" by charter dated 11 Feb 1042[1597]. Secondly, the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[1598]. Bearing in mind the other documents which are quoted in this section, particularly those relating to Otrosia (see below), it is probable that María was her father´s daughter by an early marriage. "…Maria comitissa, Munnio Afonso, Guttier Afonso, Garsia Afonso" confirmed the charter dated 24 Feb 1028 under which "Sarrazino presbiter" donated "ecclesia Sancti Iuliani et Baselisse…in villa…Demar" to Sahagún[1599]. The absence of her husband implies that he had died before this date. m ALFONSO Díaz, son of [DIEGO --- & his wife ---] (-[8 Nov 1024/24 Feb 1028]).

--- & his [second] wife had three children:

ii) GOTO (-after 1052). Gutierre Alfonso and his wife Goto are named in a charter for Sahagún dated Dec 1031[1600]. "Domna Tegridia comitissa" granted property "in villa Aquilare…terra de illa comitissa domna Ofreisa…solare de filiis aut de nietos de comite Guttierre Adifonso et de meas germanas domna Goto et domna Ofreisa" to "Annaya Peitriz" by charter dated 25 Dec 1047[1601]. "Gutier Adefonsus comes…cum uxor mea Gotto" donated half of the villa of Fuentecillas to Sahagún monastery by charter dated 1052[1602]. m (before Dec 1031) GUTIERRE Alfonso, son of ALFONSO Díaz & his wife María --- (-after 1059).

iii) TEGRIDIA (-after 25 Dec 1047). "Domna Tegridia comitissa" granted property "in villa Aquilare…terra de illa comitissa domna Ofreisa…solare de filiis aut de nietos de comite Guttierre Adifonso et de meas germanas domna Goto et domna Ofreisa" to "Annaya Peitriz" by charter dated 25 Dec 1047[1603]. Tegridia´s husband has not yet been identified, although he must be one of the condes who are named elsewhere in the present document. m --- Conde, son of ---.

iv) OTROSIA (-after 25 Dec 1047). [“Comitessa domna Ofressa” granted the monastery of San Miguel de Corcos to “Petro Gundissaluiz” by charter dated [4] May 1042, confirmed by “Annaia Petri, Rudrico Fernandiz, Lupi Lupiz, Velasco Amaiaz...”[1604]. The relationship between the grantor and grantee is confirmed by a charter dated 21 Jan 1056 under which “Petro presbiter” confirmed that San Miguel de Corcos had received a donation from “comitisse domne Ofresse et Petri Gundisalvui nepotis sui”[1605]. A condesa named “Ofresa” has not otherwise been traced. It is possible that the name represents a mistranscription of Otrosia and that is the same person as Otrosia who died after 25 Dec 1047. If that is correct, Pedro González has not been identified. It is not known whether “nepotis sui” in the 21 Jan 1056 charter indicates her grandson or her nephew. Having male descendants suggests that it is less likely that Otrosia would have granted property to a nephew. On the other hand, it seems possible that she would have benefited a grandson who was the son of a deceased daughter (by either of her marriages).] "Otrozia comitissa" donated "quinta in villas quas fuerunt de viro meo Iohanne Munniz" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "filiis meis…Munniu et Iohannes et Adefonso", by charter dated 19 Jan 1044[1606]. "Comitissa domna Odrocia…cum filiis nostris domna Palla et domno Osorio Osoriz" sold "solare…in Uilla de Esiliu" to "Uellit Morontaz et uxori uestre Uislauara" by charter dated 23 Oct 1047[1607]. "Domna Tegridia comitissa" granted property "in villa Aquilare…terra de illa comitissa domna Ofreisa…solare de filiis aut de nietos de comite Guttierre Adifonso et de meas germanas domna Goto et domna Ofreisa" to "Annaya Peitriz" by charter dated 25 Dec 1047[1608]. Her parentage and marriage to Osorio are deduced from the charter dated 13 Mar 1045 under which "Monio Adefonso, Guter Adefonso, Monio Muniz, Petro Muniz, Osorio Osoriz" donated "quod visabus noster Nunnus Mirelliz construxit monasterium in territorio Bericense…Sancta Lucidia…ipse abius noster Nunnus Murelliz" to Astorga Cathedral[1609]. Her marriage to Osorio is confirmed by the charter dated 15 May 1052 under which [her son] "Osorio Osoriz…cum uxori mea Munnia" donated "villa…Sancti Pelagii…in territorio Astoricense" to León Cathedral, for the souls of "fratres meos…Munniu Iohannes et Iohanne Iohannes"[1610]. The order of Otrosia´s two marriages is not known, but the naming of her son Osorio Osóriz after her daughter Palla in the charter dated 23 Oct 1047 suggests that he was a younger child, therefore born from her second marriage. m firstly JUAN Muñoz, son of MUNIO Fernández & his wife Elvira Froilaz (-after 17 May 1018). m secondly OSORIO Ermegíldez, son of ---.

2. [TELLO Miréllez (-[before 25 Nov 988]). “...Nunu Mirelliz, Tello Mirelliz...” confirmed the charter dated 19 Feb 969 under which “Geloira” [identified as Elvira daughter of King Ramiro II] granted “villas...Kampos circa Kastro Ardon” to “tio nostro Azenari Purizelliz et uxori uestre Urraka”[1611]. "Oveco Telliz" and his wife "Euracca" bought property "in Santa Eugenia de Melgar", naming “Tello Mirelliz” his father, by charter dated 25 Nov 988[1612].] m ---. The name of Tello´s wife is not known. Tello & his wife had one child:

a) OVECO Téllez (-after 25 Nov 988). "...Obecus Telliz..." confirmed the charter dated 5 Dec 986 under which "Ebera" donated "villa de Galleguillos..." to Sahagún[1613]. "Oveco Telliz" and his wife "Euracca" bought property "in Santa Eugenia de Melgar", naming “Tello Mirelliz” his father, by charter dated 25 Nov 988[1614]. "Xemenus episcopus [Astorga]…cum sorore mea Gotina" donated "villas in Riuo Sicco…Quintanelleas…fuit…de Ouecco Telliz…empto" to Sahagún by charter dated 5 Feb 1015[1615]. m URRACA ---, daughter of --- (-after 25 Nov 988). "Oveco Telliz" and his wife "Euracca" bought property "in Santa Eugenia de Melgar", naming “Tello Mirelliz” his father, by charter dated 25 Nov 988[1616].

3. [GÓMEZ Miréllez (-after 26 Apr 960). “...Gomez Mirelli...” signed the charter dated 26 Apr 960 under which "Sanctius rex" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún[1617]. "Ximena" and her son "Gunsalvo Gunsalviz" confirmed donations to Sahagún, "villa Pozolos" formerly owned by “Gomiz Mirelliz” and “Gunsalvo Gomiz”, by charter dated 24 Jun 989[1618].] m ---. The name of Gómez´s wife is not known. Gómez & his wife had one child:

a) GONZALO Gómez (-before 8 May 984). "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Jul 985, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Gomez Mirelliz pater Gundisalbo Gomiz [husband of Jimena]…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[1619]. m JIMENA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Flaínez & his wife Froiloba Vermúdez (-after 4 Nov 1009). "Iustus et uxor mea Sabilo" sold "terra…in villa de Cornero" to "domna Xemena" by charter dated 8 May 984[1620]. "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Jul 985, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Gomez Mirelliz pater Gundisalbo Gomiz [husband of Jimena]…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[1621]. "Ximena" and her son "Gunsalvo Gunsalviz" confirmed donations to Sahagún, "villa Pozolos" formerly owned by “Gomiz Mirelliz” and “Gunsalvo Gomiz”, by charter dated 24 Jun 989[1622]. "Ximena" donated property "in Valle Lurenzi", formerly owned by "Monnio Flainz et uxor eius Fredelova [her parents]...Gundisaluus Gomez [her husband]", to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Nov 991[1623]. "Emelia" sold "pratum…in Cremenes ad illos Pontones…per termino…de Asur Munniz" to "domna Scemena Muniz" by charter dated 1 Jan 1002[1624]. "Donno et Omaialde" sold "terram…in Cremanes" to "domna Scemena Moniz" by charter dated 12 Jan 1002[1625]. "Iuliano…cum filio meo Petro" donated "terra…in Auiato" to "domna Xemena vel fratre Fredenandi et fratre Michael de Sancto Iohanne" by charter dated 4 Nov 1009[1626]. Gonzalo & his wife had one child:

i) GONZALO González . "Scemena" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Jul 985, confirmed by "Gundisalbo filiis Scemena", and which names "Munnio Flaginiz genitor Scemenæ, Froiloba genitrix Scimenæ…Gomez Mirelliz pater Gundisalbo Gomiz [husband of Jimena]…Virmudo Nunniz abo Scemenæ"[1627]. "Ximena" and her son "Gunsalvo Gunsalviz" confirmed donations to Sahagún, "villa Pozolos" formerly owned by “Gomiz Mirelliz” and “Gunsalvo Gomiz”, by charter dated 24 Jun 989[1628].

J. FAMILY of OVECO TÉLLEZ

1. TELLO --- . m ---. One child:

a) OVECO Téllez (-[after 15 Oct 1039]). "Asuri Gomez…filio de pater meo Gomice Nunici et mater mea Maria" donated "in titulo dotis…villas medietate in Sancti Martine et medietate in Uillella" to "sponsa mea domna Momadona qui sunt filia de…pater meo Obeco Tellici et de mater mea Gelbira" by charter dated 15 Oct 1039[1629]. The wording of this charter suggests that Oveco Téllez & his wife were still alive at that date, although this is not beyond all doubt. If correct, this indicates that this Oveco Téllez could not have been the same person as Oveco Téllez, son of Tello Miréllez (see above). Other family members, either of Oveco Téllez or of his wife, are indicated by the charter dated 12 Jan 1057 which records the settlement of a dispute between Sahagún and "Guttier Uelaz pro villa...Adda", which the monks claimed was donated by “Rodrico Rodriquiz”, except relating to the third of the property donated by “Assur Gomiz et de domna Maiore”, the result being that “nos Guttier Uelaz, Assur Uelasquiz, Ouecco Ouequiz, Uelasco Assuriz, Gundisaluus Assuriz et Uellite Adulfizi” agreed to donate half of the disputed property to Sahagún[1630]. The relationships with these individuals have not yet been traced. m ELVIRA ---, daughter of --- (-[after 15 Oct 1039]). Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 15 Oct 1039 under which "Asuri Gomez…filio de pater meo Gomice Nunici et mater mea Maria" donated "in titulo dotis…villas medietate in Sancti Martine et medietate in Uillella" to [her daughter] "sponsa mea domna Momadona qui sunt filia de…pater meo Obeco Tellici et de mater mea Gelbira"[1631]. The wording of this charter suggests that Oveco Téllez & his wife were still alive at that date, although this is not beyond all doubt. Her parentage is not known. However, as noted below, her daughter Muniadomna Ovéquiz may be identified as “Momadonna” who donated "medietate in villa...Calzatella...in territorio Sante Marie in loco...Goza et abui eam de parte abii mei Gundissaluo Onuscez et uxor sue domna Gotina, donant eis comite Garsea Gomiz, propria sua ereditate..." to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Aug 1071[1632]. If that co-identity is correct, Elvira was the daughter (or maybe granddaughter) of Gonzalo Onúsquez & his wife Gotina --- (who have not otherwise been identified) Oveco & his wife had two children:

i) MUNIADOMNA Ovéquiz (-after 6 Jun 1071). "Asuri Gomez…filio de pater meo Gomice Nunici et mater mea Maria" donated "in titulo dotis…villas medietate in Sancti Martine et medietate in Uillella" to "sponsa mea domna Momadona qui sunt filia de…pater meo Obeco Tellici et de mater mea Gelbira" by charter dated 15 Oct 1039[1633]. "Assur Gomiz et coniuge mea Momadomna" donated "in Uilla Adda…in Uillas Uimaras…in Almanza" to Sahagún by charter dated 26 Sep 1044[1634]. "Assur Gomez…cum coniuge mea Momadomna" donated "Uilla de Adda…tertiam portionem…obtinuit pater meus [Obeco] Telliz" to Sahagún by charter dated 2 Mar 1048[1635]. "Ansur Gomiz...cum coniuge mea Momadona" donated “Uillam de Adda...obtinuit pater meus Obecco Telliz” to Sahagún by charter dated 2 Mar 1054[1636]. A charter dated 12 Jan 1057 records the settlement of a dispute between Sahagún and "Guttier Uelaz pro villa...Adda" which the monks claimed was donated by “Rodrico Rodriquiz”, except relating to the third of the property donated by “Assur Gomiz et de domna Maiore”, the result being that “nos Guttier Uelaz, Assur Uelasquiz, Ouecco Ouequiz, Uelasco Assuriz, Gundisaluus Assuriz et Uellite Adulfizi” agreed to donated half of the disputed property to Sahagún[1637]. “Momadonna” donated “medietate de divisa quam habeo in Uilla Quimara” to “Gunsaluo Ansuriz” by charter dated 15 Apr 1069[1638]. “Momadonna et Gunsaluo Ansuriz et Ermeildo Ansuriz et Ouecco Ermeildiz et Gunsaluo Ermeildiz...cum Tello Uelasquiz et Sol Rodriquiz” donated "monasterio Sancti Cipriani in Uilla Uimara territorio Graliare...terra a Ualle de Fonte" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jun 1071[1639]. [“Momadonna” donated "medietate in villa...Calzatella...in territorio Sante Marie in loco...Goza et abui eam de parte abii mei Gundissaluo Onuscez et uxor sue domna Gotina, donant eis comite Garsea Gomiz, propria sua ereditate...[et] in Uilla Turde meo monasterio...Sancte Marie" to Sahagún by charter dated 3 Aug 1071, confirmed by “Petro Assuriz comite, Martino Adefonso comite, Gundissaluo Adefonso, Guterre Adefonso, Nunnio Monnuz, Pelagio Monniuz”[1640]. It is not certain that the donor was Muniadomna Ovéquiz, although the chronology appears to be favorable to this co-identity. The other possibility is that the donor was Muniadomna Godestéiz, but in that case the donor´s named “abii” must have been her great-grandparents as her grandparents are known. It should be noted that all the subscribers (except the first one Pedro Ansúrez) were members of the family of Munio Alfonso, who was the second husband of Muniadomna Godestéiz.] “Momadomna et meo sobrino Gundissaluo Assuriz” donated "divisiones...abemus de abolorum parentumque nostrorum in Uilla...Uimara" to Sahagún by charter dated 5 Sep 1072, confirmed by “Ihoannes Didaz, Uela Didaz, Ezze Gundissaluiz”[1641]. m ([15 Oct 1039]) ANSUR Gómez, son of GÓMEZ Núñez & his wife María --- (-after 2 Mar 1054).

ii) --- Ovéquiz . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 5 Sep 1072 under which [her sister and her son] “Momadomna et meo sobrino Gundissaluo Assuriz” donated "divisiones...abemus de abolorum parentumque nostrorum in Uilla...Uimara" to Sahagún[1642]. This property was also donated by Muniadomna Ovéquiz, who is therefore presumably identified as “Momadomna” in this 5 Sep 1072 charter. m as his second wife, ANSUR Díaz, son of conde DIEGO Fernández de Saldaña & his wife Marina --- (-after 29 Sep 1047).

1. ANSUR --- . Ansur has not yet been identified. His son Ermegildo Ansúrez donated property together with Muniadomna Ovéquiz and Muniadomna´s sister´s son Gonzalo Ansúrez (son of Ansur Díaz) and also granted other property to the same Gonzalo Ansúrez (see above), all of which suggests a close family connection. Another connection is provided by “Uilla Adda”, donated as dower by Ansur´s grandson Gonzalo Ermegíldez to his wife, which was also the subject of donations by Muniadomna Ovéquiz. Ermegildo Ansúrez is unlikely to have been the son of Muniadomna Ovéquiz by her husband Ansur Gómez, as Muniadomna´s various donations to her nephew Gonzalo Ansúrez suggest that she was childless. The approximate date of the marriage of Ansur´s grandson Gonzalo Ermegíldez also indicates that this would be improbable from a chronological point of view. Presumably Ansur was related either to Oveco Téllez or to his wife Elvira. “Uilla Uimara”, the subject of donations by the same family, was shared by Nuño Muñoz, possible son of Munio Núñez and his wife Goto Muñoz (who was the daughter of Adosinda Alfonso) although no relationship between the two families has yet been traced. m ---. The name of Ansur´s wife is not known. Ansur & his wife had [two] children:

a) ERMEGILDO Ansúrez (-after 6 Jun 1071). “Ermeyldo Asuriz” donated “medietate de divisa...in Uilla Gimara” to “Gontisalbo Ansuriz” by charter dated 3 Jan 1070[1643]. “Momadonna et Gunsaluo Ansuriz et Ermeildo Ansuriz et Ouecco Ermeildiz et Gunsaluo Ermeildiz...cum Tello Uelasquiz et Sol Rodriquiz” donated "monasterio Sancti Cipriani in Uilla Uimara territorio Graliare...terra a Ualle de Fonte" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jun 1071[1644]. m ---. The name of Ermegildo´s wife is not known. She presumably died before 6 Jan 1071 as she is not named in the charter of that date which is quoted above. Ermegildo & his wife had two children:

i) OVECO Ermegíldez (-after 24 Oct 1071). “Momadonna et Gunsaluo Ansuriz et Ermeildo Ansuriz et Ouecco Ermeildiz et Gunsaluo Ermeildiz...cum Tello Uelasquiz et Sol Rodriquiz” donated "monasterio Sancti Cipriani in Uilla Uimara territorio Graliare...terra a Ualle de Fonte" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jun 1071[1645]. “Gundisaluo Ermeildiz” donated "cartulam dotis divisa...de auorum parentumque meorum in Uilla Adda" to “uxor mea Olimpia” by charter dated 24 Oct 1071, confirmed by “Gonzalo Ansuriz, Ouecco Ermeildiz”[1646].

ii) GONZALO Ermegíldez (-after 8 Feb 1093). “Momadonna et Gunsaluo Ansuriz et Ermeildo Ansuriz et Ouecco Ermeildiz et Gunsaluo Ermeildiz...cum Tello Uelasquiz et Sol Rodriquiz” donated "monasterio Sancti Cipriani in Uilla Uimara territorio Graliare...terra a Ualle de Fonte" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jun 1071[1647]. “Gundisaluo Ermeildiz” donated "cartulam dotis divisa...de auorum parentumque meorum in Uilla Adda" to “uxor mea Olimpia” by charter dated 24 Oct 1071, confirmed by “Gonzalo Ansuriz, Ouecco Ermeildiz”[1648]. “Gonsaluo Ermeildiz” donated “mea hereditate in Uilla Adda” to “uxor mea domna Maior” by charter dated 25 Nov 1089[1649]. “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1650]. m firstly ([24 Oct 1071]) OLIMPIA ---, daughter of ---. “Gundisaluo Ermeildiz” donated "cartulam dotis divisa...de auorum parentumque meorum in Uilla Adda" to “uxor mea Olimpia” by charter dated 24 Oct 1071, confirmed by “Gonzalo Ansuriz, Ouecco Ermeildiz”[1651]. m secondly (before 25 Nov 1089) MAYOR ---, daughter of ---. “Gonsaluo Ermeildiz” donated “mea hereditate in Uilla Adda” to “uxor mea domna Maior” by charter dated 25 Nov 1089[1652]. “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1653]. Gonzalo & his [first] wife had four children:

(1) RODRIGO González . “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1654]. same person as…? RODRIGO González (-killed in battle). The Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris records that "Rodrigo González a brave knight from the land of León who had gone to Toledo to help the Christians" was killed fighting the Muslims, although the dating of this event is difficult from the context[1655].

(2) FERNANDO González . “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1656].

(3) SOL González . “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1657].

(4) MARÍA González . “Gunzalbo Ermegildiz et uxor mea domna Maior et filii mei Rodrico, Fernando, Sol et Maria” donated "nostra porcione...in riuulo Sicco in Uilla Adda” to Sahagún by charter dated 8 Feb 1093[1658].

b) [daughter . “Momadonna et Gunsaluo Ansuriz et Ermeildo Ansuriz et Ouecco Ermeildiz et Gunsaluo Ermeildiz...cum Tello Uelasquiz et Sol Rodriquiz” donated "monasterio Sancti Cipriani in Uilla Uimara territorio Graliare...terra a Ualle de Fonte" to Sahagún by charter dated 6 Jun 1071[1659]. The qualification “cum” linked to the last two names in the list of donors in this document suggests that a different status from the first five donors who are named first. “Sol Rodriquiz” can be identified as the wife of “Gunsaluo Ansuriz”, which confirms the need to associate her with the donation. “Tello Uelasquiz” has not otherwise been identified. The most likely possibility is that he was the surviving husband of a deceased female member of the family who cannot be identified but who is shown in the present document as a possible sister of Ermegildo Ansúrez mainly for the purposes of display. m TELLO Velásquez, son of VELASCO --- & his wife --- (-after 6 Jun 1071).]

K. FAMILY of PEDRO MUÑOZ

1. GOTINA --- . [Her grandson] "Petro Monniz" donated "villas...quas habeo de parentes meos...Uilla Gaton in Saldania que fuit de avia mea domna Gonterode" to "uxore mea Gotina" by charter dated 24 Jan 1066[1660]. m ---. One child:

a) --- . It is not known whether “Munio”, father of Pedro Muñoz, was the son or son-in-law of Gotina. m ---. [Three] children:

i) PEDRO Muñoz (-after 1 Mar 1078). "Petro Monniz" donated "villas...quas habeo de parentes meos...Uilla de Abduz mea racione...inter meos heredes et germana mea Sancia Monniz...Uilla Gaton in Saldania que fuit de avia mea domna Gonterode" to "uxore mea Gotina" by charter dated 24 Jan 1066[1661]. [“...Petro Monnioz, Pelagio Monnioz, Nunno Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 17 May 1066 under which "Tello Gutteriz...cum sorore mea Uelasquita Goterriz" donated “in Ualle Paradiso medietate...in Sancta Cruce...in Ualle de Cespetes” to Sahagún[1662]. “...Petro Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquiz, Nunno Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jun 1066 under which “Sol Rodriquiz” donated "hereditabus quas habeo de avis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Uascon...et in Uilla Uerde et in Escobar et in Bustello et in Uilla Uimara, meam portionem" to “marito meo Fernando Munnioz”[1663]. It is not known whether these two charters refer to this Pedro Muñoz or to the other Pedro Muñoz, son of Munio Alfonso, who lived at the same time (see above).] "...Petro Munniz..." confirmed the charter dated 1 Mar 1078 under which King Alfonso VI granted immunities to Sahagún[1664]. m as her first husband, GOTINA Vermúdez, daughter of VERMUDO Vélaz & his first wife Elvira --- (-after 1 Apr 1091). “Cotina Uermutiz” donated “Uilla Abduz in loco...Aratoi mea racione...eredavit de viro meo Petro Monniuz et per meas arras” to Sahagún by charter dated 20 Oct 1086[1665]. She married secondly Flaín Peláez. "Uela Uermuiz...cum filio meo Uermudo" donated “medio solare in Uilla Don Uascon” to “Flaino Pelaiz et uxori uestra domna Gotina Uermuiz...et a uestro filio Uermudo Flainz” by charter dated 1 Feb 1083[1666]. “Uermudo Petriz” donated “mea hereditate in Aratoi...villa...Abduz” to “mea matre domne Gotine...Veremuiz” by charter dated 5 Aug 1087[1667]. “Christi seruorum ancilla Gotina Uermudiz” donated “in Uilla de Abduz tertiam partem...in Curonio, in Sancta Maria meam portionem” to Sahagún by charter dated 1 Apr 1091[1668]. Pedro & his wife had three children:

(1) VERMUDO Pérez (-[9 May 1104/26 Feb 1111]). “Uermudo Petriz” donated “mea hereditate in Aratoi...villa...Abduz” to “mea matre domne Gotine...Veremuiz” by charter dated 5 Aug 1087[1669]. “...Vela Uermudiz, Vermudo Petriz” confirmed the charter dated 26 Apr 1091 under which “Christi ancilla Iusta Petriz” donated “in Zorita de Auia mee divisione...in Uilla Turdi...in Cornonzello...in Calzatella...in Gordariz” to Sahagún[1670]. “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1671]. “Uermud Petrez” donated "hereditate...habeo de parentibus meis in Curonio...et de sorore mea domna Geloira...[et] in villa...Santo et in Callegos et in Deuesa...abeo ex parte avia mea cum coniermano meo Uermud Uelaz in Sancta Maria" to Sahagún by charter dated 9 May 1104[1672]. “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1673]. m SOL Sarracinez, daughter of SARRACINO --- & his wife --- (-after 17 Dec 1130). “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1674]. “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1675]. “Sol Sarracinizi...cum filiis meis que abeo de Uermudo Petriz” donated "aereditas que fui de mater vestra dona Fronili et tenuit illa aereditas viro meo que fuit Uermudo Petrizi...in villa...Abduc in territorio Sancti Facundi flumina Aratoi iusta" to “Sancio Gonzalbiz et germano vestro Gonzalbo Gonzalbizi” by charter dated 26 Feb 1111[1676]. “Sol Saraciniz...cum filiis meis Iusta et Fronilli et Uermudo Uermudiz" donated “terra...subtus ecclesia Sancti Geruasis...alia terra...subtus karraria Zamorana” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 Jul 1126[1677]. “Sol Sarraceniz cum filiis meis Uermudo Uermudiz et Iusta Uermudiz et Fronildi Uermudiz, filios de Uermudo Petriz" exchanged “hereditatem quam habemus de iure mariti mei Uermudo Petriz et sue germana Fronildi Petriz in Uilla Abduz” with Sahagún, receiving in exchange “quanto habuit Pelagius Uellitiz in Uillaiust, extra illo solare de Cipriano Uellitiz”, by charter dated 17 Dec 1130[1678]. Vermudo & his wife had eight children:

(a) JIMENA Vermúdez . “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1679].

(b) AURO Vermúdez . “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1680].

(c) FERNANDO Vermúdez . “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1681].

(d) GOTINA Vermúdez . “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1682].

(e) ELVIRA Vermúdez . “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1683]. “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1684].

(f) FRONILDE Vermúdez (-after 17 Dec 1130). “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1685]. “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1686]. “Sol Saraciniz...cum filiis meis Iusta et Fronilli et Uermudo Uermudiz" donated “terra...subtus ecclesia Sancti Geruasis...alia terra...subtus karraria Zamorana” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 Jul 1126[1687]. “Sol Sarraceniz cum filiis meis Uermudo Uermudiz et Iusta Uermudiz et Fronildi Uermudiz, filios de Uermudo Petriz" exchanged “hereditatem quam habemus de iure mariti mei Uermudo Petriz et sue germana Fronildi Petriz in Uilla Abduz” with Sahagún, receiving in exchange “quanto habuit Pelagius Uellitiz in Uillaiust, extra illo solare de Cipriano Uellitiz”, by charter dated 17 Dec 1130[1688].

(g) JUSTA Vermúdez (-after 17 Dec 1130). “Ueremudo Petriz...cum uxore mea Sol Sarracinz et filiis meis...Xemena, Auro, Fredinando, Gotina, Iusta, Fronildi et Geluira” sold “divisa quem habemus in Quintanella de Rodrico Petriz que fuit concambiata inter nos et Uela Pelaiz” by charter dated 27 Apr 1103[1689]. “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1690]. “Sol Saraciniz...cum filiis meis Iusta et Fronilli et Uermudo Uermudiz" donated “terra...subtus ecclesia Sancti Geruasis...alia terra...subtus karraria Zamorana” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 Jul 1126[1691]. “Sol Sarraceniz cum filiis meis Uermudo Uermudiz et Iusta Uermudiz et Fronildi Uermudiz, filios de Uermudo Petriz" exchanged “hereditatem quam habemus de iure mariti mei Uermudo Petriz et sue germana Fronildi Petriz in Uilla Abduz” with Sahagún, receiving in exchange “quanto habuit Pelagius Uellitiz in Uillaiust, extra illo solare de Cipriano Uellitiz”, by charter dated 17 Dec 1130[1692].

(h) VERMUDO Vermúdez (-after 17 Dec 1130). “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1693]. “Sol Saraciniz...cum filiis meis Iusta et Fronilli et Uermudo Uermudiz" donated “terra...subtus ecclesia Sancti Geruasis...alia terra...subtus karraria Zamorana” to Sahagún by charter dated 31 Jul 1126[1694]. “Sol Sarraceniz cum filiis meis Uermudo Uermudiz et Iusta Uermudiz et Fronildi Uermudiz, filios de Uermudo Petriz" exchanged “hereditatem quam habemus de iure mariti mei Uermudo Petriz et sue germana Fronildi Petriz in Uilla Abduz” with Sahagún, receiving in exchange “quanto habuit Pelagius Uellitiz in Uillaiust, extra illo solare de Cipriano Uellitiz”, by charter dated 17 Dec 1130[1695].

(2) ELVIRA Pérez . “Uermud Petrez” donated "hereditate...habeo de parentibus meis in Curonio...et de sorore mea domna Geloira...[et] in villa...Santo et in Callegos et in Deuesa...abeo ex parte avia mea cum coniermano meo Uermud Uelaz in Sancta Maria" to Sahagún by charter dated 9 May 1104[1696].

(3) FRONILDE Pérez (-after 13 Jun 1105). “Ueremudo Petriz et uxor mea Sol Sarraceniz et filii mei Ueremudo Ueremudiz et Giluira Ueremudiz et Fronildi Ueremudiz et Iusta Ueremudiz” donated "hereditate...in Uilla de Abduz...fuit...de mea iermana Fronildi Petriz et inkartavit eam mihi pro causa qua accepisset maritum Fredenando Martiniz” to Sahagún by charter dated 17 Dec 1104[1697]. “Fernando Martiniz et uxor mea Fronille Petriz” donated "solare...abeo de parentorum meorum quomodo de auulorum in villa...Uilla Librin subtus basilica Sancti Petri super flumine Aradui” to “Citi Memez et uxor tua Halila” by charter dated 13 Jun 1105[1698]. m FERNANDO Martínez, son of MARTÍN --- & his wife --- (-after 13 Jun 1105).

ii) SANCHA Muñoz (-after 24 Jan 1066). "Petro Monniz" donated "villas...quas habeo de parentes meos...Uilla de Abduz mea racione...inter meos heredes et germana mea Sancia Monniz..." to "uxore mea Gotina" by charter dated 24 Jan 1066[1699].

iii) [VERMUDO Muñoz (-before 16 Sep 1090). A charter dated 16 Sep 1090 records that “domna Maiore” granted “hereditate quam habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in villa...Abduz” to “Petro Assuriz comes”[1700]. The common patronymic and the reference to “villa Abduz” suggests that Vermudo Muñoz was the brother of Pedro Muñoz who also held the same place.] m MAYOR ---, daughter of --- (-[after 16 Sep 1090]). A charter dated 16 Sep 1090 records that “domna Maiore” granted “hereditate quam habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in villa...Abduz” to “Petro Assuriz comes” and that the latter exchanged “herentia qui fuit de domna Maiore in Uilla de Abduz que habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in dote arrarum et de porfiliatione filie sue domna Santia” with Sahagún[1701]. Vermudo & his wife had one child:

(1) SANCHA Vermúdez . A charter dated 16 Sep 1090 records that “domna Maiore” granted “hereditate quam habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in villa...Abduz” to “Petro Assuriz comes” and that the latter exchanged “herentia qui fuit de domna Maiore in Uilla de Abduz que habuit de viro suo Uermudo Monnioz in dote arrarum et de porfiliatione filie sue domna Santia” with Sahagún[1702].

L. FAMILY of PELAYO RODRÍGUEZ

1. PELAYO Rodríguez, son of --- (-before [18 May 1019]). Gonzalo Vermúdez, Munio Fernández and Pelayo Rodríguez led one of the most successful rebellions against King Vermudo II, which succeeded in expelling the king from León, dated to between Nov 991 and Sep 992[1703]. "Domna Loba" sold "villa…in Fonte de illa Petra in territorio Campos…abuimus …de viro nostro Tellei Ueilaz" to "Pelagiu Ruderiquiz et uxori uestra domna Gudina" by charter dated 7 Jul 1002[1704]. m GOTINA Fernández, daughter of conde FERNANDO Vermúdez [de Cea] & his wife condesa Elvira Díaz (-after [13 Nov 1028]). "Domna Loba" sold "villa…in Fonte de illa Petra in territorio Campos…abuimus …de viro nostro Tellei Ueilaz" to "Pelagiu Ruderiquiz et uxori uestra domna Gudina" by charter dated 7 Jul 1002[1705]. Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...et de Didaco Nuniz et uxori sue Gelouira...et de Durabile Uermudiz”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi" by charter dated 18 May 1019[1706]. "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed the donation of the monastery of San Ermeterio and San Celedonio de Taranco to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz", by charter dated [13 Nov 1028][1707]. Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 18 Sep 1042 under which "Ordonius domni Veremundis regis filius…cum coniuge mee Fronilde Pelagius comite filia…et filiis nostris Veremundo Ordoniz, Sanctio Ordoniz et Fredenando Ordoniz et Ximena" donated "…villa…in Asturias territorio Oveto villa…fuit…de avio nostro Fredenando Veremudez…" to León Cathedral[1708]. Pelayo & his wife had three children:

a) FRONILDE Peláez (-20 Feb or 14 Mar, after 1 Oct 1059). "Ordonius domni Veremundis regis filius…cum coniuge mee Fronilde Pelagius comite filia…et filiis nostris Veremundo Ordoniz, Sanctio Ordoniz et Fredenando Ordoniz et Ximena" donated "in Furones…palacios quos fuerunt de Pelagio Ordoniz…in ripa Zaia villa…Kastellelia…de genitor nostro Pelagio Ruderici…in riba de Oruego in Alcoba…quos fuit de domina Xemena comitissa et comudavimos illa cum sua nepte domna Gontrodo…villa…in Asturias territorio Oveto villa…fuit…de avio nostro Fredenando Veremudez…et nostra nepte Marina si perseuerauerit in castitate et in vita sancta monachia" to León Cathedral by charter dated 18 Sep 1042[1709]. "Fronildi Pelagius comité filia…et filiis nostris Ueremundo Ordoniz, Sanctio Ordoniz et Fredenando Ordoniz et Xemena" donated "…villa…Kastellelin…de genitore nostro Pelagio Rudarici…de avio nostro Fredenando Uermudi" to León Cathedral by charter dated 18 Sep 1042[1710]. "Geloira et Christi ancilla et prolis Bermudo…princeps" donated property to San Martín de Torres by charter dated 4 Oct 1057, witnessed by "…dona Fronilda Pelaiz comitissa, Dona Urraca, Dona Mayori filia Monioni comitis"[1711]. "Fronildi prolem Pelagii" donated "monasterios…de Uerga…Sancti Iohannis…in ripa fluvii Estole partem terciam que fuit de avio meo Fredenando Veremudiz et in Sauero…Sancti Felicis" to León Cathedral by charter dated 1058, confirmed by "Flaino Fredenandiz comes, Martino Flaginiz, Didaco Petriz, Petro Romaniz…Petrus Gundisaluiz"[1712]. “Geluira prolix Ueremudo rex” recognised the rights of Sarracina over a certain property “pro fratribus meis Ordonius, Ueremudo, Piniolus et Fronilde Pelagiz” in a document dated 1058 [1713]. A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands “cum eo mater sua domna Gotina similiter” were confiscated and distributed “inter suos germanos”: “villa...Castro Auaiub” which had been shared “inter se et germana sua Fronili Pelaiz”, and “omnes suas hereditates” to “germano suo domno Ordonio etiam ad Fernando Flainiz qui erant cognati de ipso Fredenando tiranno”. The same document adds that, after “multorum...annorum”, “Fronili Pelaiz” requested “hereditates matris sue domne Gotine” from “suprinas suas Onnega Gomez et Iusta Fernandiz”, alleging that they were bequeathed to her by “vir suus donnus Ordonius ex dato domni Adefonsi regis”, in the presence of King Fernando I, who in judgment exchanged “ipsa villa...Castro Auaiub medietate” for “villa...Ualdesalze” with “Fronili Gutterriz et filiis tuis Uermudo, Monnio et Xemena”[1714]. The necrology of León Cathedral records the death “X Kal Mar” of “infantissa domna Fronilla” and her donation of “monasterium Sancte Marie de scriptoribus et Castellelia”, and also “Non Mar” of “infans domna Frunille et filii sui Pelagius Ordonii et Adefonsus Ordonii”[1715]. m ORDOÑO Vermúdez, illegitimate son of VERMUDO II "el Gotoso" King of León & his mistress --- (-after 18 Sep 1042).

b) FERNANDO Peláez (-after [13 Nov 1028]). Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...et de Didaco Nuniz et uxori sue Gelouira...et de Durabile Uermudiz”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi" by charter dated 18 May 1019[1716]. The full story is revealed in the charter dated 1 Oct 1059 which records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands “cum eo mater sua domna Gotina similiter” were confiscated and distributed “inter suos germanos”: “villa...Castro Auaiub” which had been shared “inter se et germana sua Fronili Pelaiz”, and “omnes suas hereditates” to “germano suo domno Ordonio etiam ad Fernando Flainiz qui erant cognati de ipso Fredenando tiranno”. The same document adds that, after “multorum...annorum”, “Fronili Pelaiz” requested “hereditates matris sue domne Gotine” from “suprinas suas Onnega Gomez et Iusta Fernandiz”, alleging that they were bequeathed to her by “vir suus donnus Ordonius ex dato domni Adefonsi regis”, in the presence of King Fernando I, who in judgment exchanged “ipsa villa...Castro Auaiub medietate” for “villa...Ualdesalze” with “Fronili Gutterriz et filiis tuis Uermudo, Monnio et Xemena”[1717]. He sought refuge in Navarre as shown by the following charter. Conde. "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed the donation of the monastery of San Ermeterio and San Celedonio de Taranco to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz", by charter dated [13 Nov 1028], signed by "Sancio rex...sennor Fortun Sanchez, sennor Azenari Sanchiz, sennor Nunnu Alvarez, sennor Sancio Fortuniones…"[1718]. Betrothed ([May] 1019) to --- Munioz, daughter of conde MUNIO Rodríguez & his wife ---. A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1719]. m ([May 1019]) as her first husband, ELVIRA Sánchez, daughter of conde SANCHO Gómez de Saldaña & his wife Toda García de Castilla . A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" was betrothed to “filiam de comite domno Monnio Rudriquiz per iussionem principis domni Adefonsi” [Alfonso V King of León], but after “consilium iniquam” he eloped with “filia de comite Sanzio Gomez coniermana de ipso rege”, after which his lands were confiscated[1720]. "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed the donation of the monastery of San Ermeterio and San Celedonio de Taranco to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz", by charter dated [13 Nov 1028][1721]. She married secondly her second cousin, Fernando Díaz. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Geloira comitissa" had received property from “viro meo Fredinan[do] [...Didaz]” by whom she had “filios adque filias”, that after the death of her husband and after him of “filiis nostris Sanctius et Urraka” the property had passed to “domna Tota” who granted it to Elvira on condition that she donated it to San Salvador de Nogal, which she now did[1722].

c) ELVIRA Peláez . A charter dated 1 Oct 1059 records that the lands confiscated from "Pelagius Rodriquiz comes...filios inter quos...unus...Fernandus" were distributed to “germano suo domno Ordonio etiam ad Fernando Flainiz qui erant cognati de ipso Fredenando tiranno”[1723]. “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated “uilla...Pereta decurrente alueo Estola”, and property “in Saliamne in...hereditate qui fuit de Fredenando Uermudiz et Flauio Moniz avii et patris nostri”, to the monks of San Martín, confirmed by “fratres Falino Fernandiz, Oueco Fernandiz, Petro Fernandiz, Pelagio Fernandiz, Munio Fernandiz, Didaco Fernandiz”, by charter dated 26 Feb 1020[1724]. "Geluira comitissa…cum viro meo comite Fernando Flainz" exchanged "in territorio Saliame locum…in Oselia ecclesia…Sancta Maria" for "uno busto…Rio Torto" with Sahagún by charter dated 27 Apr 1028[1725]. Her parentage is suggested by the charter dated [13 Nov 1028] under which "Comite Fredelando Pelaioz…cum coniuge mea Gelvira et mater mea donna Gutina" confirmed a donation of property to the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, with the consent of her son "neptus mei Fernando Fredinandiz"[1726]. m conde FERNANDO Flaínez, son of FLAÍN Muñoz & his [second] wife Justa Pepiz (-after 1054).

M. FAMILY of VELASCO

1. VELASCO --- . m TEGRIDIA [González], daughter of [GONZALO ---] & his wife --- (-after 8 May 1055). “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1727]. While this document confirms that Tegridia was the sister of Munio Sarracínez and also of the brothers Nuño González and Diego González, it does not confirm that Gonzalo was her father. "Tegridia...cum filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz" donated "villa...in ribulo Giginnati vocabulo Ueciella" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 May 1055[1728]. A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1729]. Velasco & his wife had one child:

a) MUNIO Velásquez (-[26 Apr/21 Aug] 1091). "Monnio Afonso" donated "populatione sub carrera in Uilla Ueica…ego comparavi de domna Maria…et illa serna que fuit de meo abolo Nunno Mirelliz" to “Diaco Gunsaluiz” by charter dated 11 Feb 1042, confirmed by "...Uelasco Gunzaluiz..."[1730]. “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1731]. "Tegridia...cum filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz" donated "villa...in ribulo Giginnati vocabulo Ueciella" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 May 1055[1732]. “...Nunno Munniz, Munnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Mar 1064 under which "Comitissa domna Monaonna...cum filio meo Petro Munniniz" donated “solares...in Uilla Filale...iuxta...villa Cisneros et...Gallegellos et Pozadurama” to “criado nostro Vellite Albariz”[1733]. “...Petro Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquiz, Nunno Monnioz” confirmed the charter dated 1 Jun 1066 under which “Sol Rodriquiz” donated "hereditabus quas habeo de avis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Uascon...et in Uilla Uerde et in Escobar et in Bustello et in Uilla Uimara, meam portionem" to “marito meo Fernando Munnioz”[1734]. “...Nunno Monnioz, Monnio Uelasquez, Gomez Uelasquez...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Aug 1069 under which “Iuliana cum sorore mea domna Paterna” donated "portionem in...cimiterio Sancti Felicis cum decanis suis..." to Sahagún[1735]. "...Monnio Uelasquiz..." subscribed the charter dated 1 May 1071 under which “Ildonza comitissa prolis Gundisaluo Munniz” donated “hereditatibus...in Ualle Leuanago...in Bobatella...in Sancta Cruce” to Sahagún[1736]. "...Munnino Uelasquiz..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[1737]. “...Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Nov 1071 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz”[1738]. “...Munnio Uelasquiz” confirmed the charter dated 7 Aug 1073 under which Alfonso VI King of Castile granted "racione in villa...Uilla Uellaco, territorio Graliare, discurrente flumine Aratoi" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet”[1739]. “...Munio Uelasquiz, Nunnu Muninz...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Jan 1074 under which "Tigridia prolix Gutierz...cum filiis meis...Gundisaluo Fredenandiz et Sancio Fredenandiz" donated “solares...in villa...Fateme...et una tierra in villa...Onemer” to “Munio presbiter”[1740]. "...Monnio Uelasquiz..." confirmed the charter dated 8 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI decreed that no representative of the king could enter Sahagún[1741]. "...Monnino Uelasquiz..." confirmed the charter dated 14 May 1080 under which King Alfonso VI granted freedoms and exemptions to Sahagún[1742]. “...Munio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 14 Sep 1084 under which “Pelagio Uermudez...cum avia mea domna Fronille” donated “in Castro Auageue meam porcionem...in Castro Benbibre...in Melgarello...” to Sahagún[1743]. “...Munio Velasquiz...” subscribed the charter dated 29 Mar 1085 under which "comitissa de terra Spanensi...Iusta" sold property to “...comite domno Petro...et uxore vestre comitissa domna Eilo”[1744]. “Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1089 under which “Gonsaluo Ermeildiz” donated “mea hereditate in Uilla Adda” to “uxor mea domna Maior”[1745]. “...Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 7 Feb 1090 under which King Alfonso VI established procedures for settling disputes between Jews and Christians[1746]. “...Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 7 Sep 1090 which records a dispute between Sahagún and “comite domno Petro et comite domno Martino” concerning “medietate de villa...Fonticellas”[1747]. “...Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 1 Feb 1091 under which “Uela Uermudiz” donated “villas...quas habeo de patre meo Uermudo...in Uilla Flaian...et in Quintana...in Rio de Gotin, in Ualle de Torre, hereditatem que fuit de Nunno Sarraziniz” to Sahagún[1748]. “...Monnio Uelasquiz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Apr 1091 under which “Christi ancilla Iusta Petriz” donated “in Zorita de Auia mee divisione...in Uilla Turdi...in Cornonzello...in Calzatella...in Gordariz” to Sahagún[1749]. m MARÍA Muñoz, daughter of MUNIO Núñez & his wife Goto Muñoz (-[1095/16 Dec 1096]). A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1750]. “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[1751]. Velasco & his wife had six children:

i) VELASCO Muñoz (-after 4 Jun 1131). A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1752]. “...Uelasco Moniiz” confirmed the charter dated 11 May 1094 under which “comitissa Ildonza prolis Gonzaluiz...cum iermano meo comes Addefonsus” exchanged property with “suprina nostra filia de nostra iermana comitissa domna Maria...Eluira Fernandi”[1753]. “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[1754]. “Sonna Monnioz, Pelagio Monniz, Velasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 11 Jan 1095 under which “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún[1755]. A charter dated 16 Dec 1096 records that Sahagún had granted “villa...Asperi” to "Monnio Uelasquiz...cum sorore sua [...uxor eius]”, that after their deaths “filii eorum” surrendered it, and that “Uelasco Monniz...cum sororibus meis Urraka Monniz et Tegridia Monniz necnon subrina nostra Tarasia Albariz” now donated “hereditate quam habemus de matre nostra Maria Monniz” to the monastery of San Feliz in exchange for “monasterium...Sancti Andree quem modo vocitant Sancte Marie in loco...Pozadurama”[1756]. [“Sonna Monniz, Velasco Monniz, Ordonio Flainz” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1097 under which “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Munio et Geluira” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Auosot discurrente rio Sicco prope aulam Sancti Saluatoris...” to Sahagún[1757].] “...Velasco Monniz...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Mar 1101 under which “Henricus comes, Ildefonsus principis gener...” exchanged property with Sahagún[1758]. A charter dated 4 Jun 1131 records that “Monnio Uelasquiz...cum uxore sua" had donated “villa...Asperi” to Sahagún, that “Uelascus Monnionis” unlawfully reclaimed the property, but that he now confirmed the donation made by “patris sui”[1759].

ii) MAYOR Muñoz (-before 16 Dec 1096). A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1760]. m ÁLVARO ---, son of ---. Álvaro & his wife had one child:

(1) TERESA Álvarez . A charter dated 16 Dec 1096 records that Sahagún had granted “villa...Asperi” to "Monnio Uelasquiz...cum sorore sua [...uxor eius]”, that after their deaths “filii eorum” surrendered it, and that “Uelasco Monniz...cum sororibus meis Urraka Monniz et Tegridia Monniz necnon subrina nostra Tarasia Albariz” now donated “hereditate quam habemus de matre nostra Maria Monniz” to the monastery of San Feliz in exchange for “monasterium...Sancti Andree quem modo vocitant Sancte Marie in loco...Pozadurama”[1761].

iii) URRACA Muñoz . A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1762]. “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[1763]. A charter dated 16 Dec 1096 records that Sahagún had granted “villa...Asperi” to "Monnio Uelasquiz...cum sorore sua [...uxor eius]”, that after their deaths “filii eorum” surrendered it, and that “Uelasco Monniz...cum sororibus meis Urraka Monniz et Tegridia Monniz necnon subrina nostra Tarasia Albariz” now donated “hereditate quam habemus de matre nostra Maria Monniz” to the monastery of San Feliz in exchange for “monasterium...Sancti Andree quem modo vocitant Sancte Marie in loco...Pozadurama”[1764].

iv) TEGRIDIA Muñoz . A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1765]. “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[1766]. A charter dated 16 Dec 1096 records that Sahagún had granted “villa...Asperi” to "Monnio Uelasquiz...cum sorore sua [...uxor eius]”, that after their deaths “filii eorum” surrendered it, and that “Uelasco Monniz...cum sororibus meis Urraka Monniz et Tegridia Monniz necnon subrina nostra Tarasia Albariz” now donated “hereditate quam habemus de matre nostra Maria Monniz” to the monastery of San Feliz in exchange for “monasterium...Sancti Andree quem modo vocitant Sancte Marie in loco...Pozadurama”[1767].

v) SANCHA Muñoz . A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1768].

vi) TERESA Muñoz . “Maria Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monniz, Urraka, Tegridia, Taresa” donated "divisa...in Castrello de Hale” to Sahagún by charter dated 1095[1769].

N. OTHER NOBLE FAMILIES in LEÓN

1. ÁLVARO --- (-[after 7 May 899]). Conde [de Luna]. The Cronica de Sampiro (interpolated, España Sagrada edition), after quoting Papal correspondence relating to Santiago de Compostela, records a council held in Oviedo dated 7 May 899 in the presence of all the bishops and “Alvarus Lunensis comes, Veremundus Legionensis comes, Sarracinus Astoricæ et Verizo comes, Veremundus Torrensis comes, Berotus in Deza comes, Ermenegildus Tudæ et Portugalæ comes, Arias filius eius Eminio comes, Pelagius Breganciæ comes, Odoarius Castellæ et Aucæ comes, Silus Prucii comes, Erus in Lugo comes”[1770]. The territorial attributions are atypical of contemporary documentation which suggests that the charter is spurious. However, many of the names are recognizable as noblemen who are recorded at that time in other documents. “Alvarus Lunensis comes...” has not otherwise been identified.

1. VERMUDO --- (-[after 7 May 899]). Conde [de Torre]. The Cronica de Sampiro (interpolated, España Sagrada edition), after quoting Papal correspondence relating to Santiago de Compostela, records a council held in Oviedo dated 7 May 899 in the presence of all the bishops and “Alvarus Lunensis comes, Veremundus Legionensis comes, Sarracinus Astoricæ et Verizo comes, Veremundus Torrensis comes, Berotus in Deza comes, Ermenegildus Tudæ et Portugalæ comes, Arias filius eius Eminio comes, Pelagius Breganciæ comes, Odoarius Castellæ et Aucæ comes, Silus Prucii comes, Erus in Lugo comes”[1771]. The territorial attributions are atypical of contemporary documentation which suggests that the charter is spurious. However, many of the names are recognizable as noblemen who are recorded at that time in other documents. “...Veremundus Torrensis comes...” has not otherwise been identified.

1. VERMUDO --- (-[after 7 May 899]). Conde [de León]. The Cronica de Sampiro (interpolated, España Sagrada edition), after quoting Papal correspondence relating to Santiago de Compostela, records a council held in Oviedo dated 7 May 899 in the presence of all the bishops and “Alvarus Lunensis comes, Veremundus Legionensis comes, Sarracinus Astoricæ et Verizo comes, Veremundus Torrensis comes, Berotus in Deza comes, Ermenegildus Tudæ et Portugalæ comes, Arias filius eius Eminio comes, Pelagius Breganciæ comes, Odoarius Castellæ et Aucæ comes, Silus Prucii comes, Erus in Lugo comes”[1772]. The territorial attributions are atypical of contemporary documentation which suggests that the charter is spurious. However, many of the names are recognizable as noblemen who are recorded at that time in other documents. “...Veremundus Legionensis comes...” has not otherwise been identified.

1. BRAULIO Braúlez (-after 13 Aug 949). "Obeco Muniz, Ruderico Fredenandiz, Uzua Enne[co]z, Virmundus Nuniz, Munius Froilaniz, Fortes Iustiz, Braolo Braoliz, Froila Pinioliz" confirmed the charter dated 3 Apr 945 under which King Ramiro II donated property to Sahagún[1773]. "Ranemirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 937, subscribed by "Garvisso, Suarius Nunniz, Munnio Nunniz, Virmundus Nunniz, Nunnu Nunninz, Vraulio Vrauliz"[1774]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "…Braolo Braoloniz…"[1775]. “...Munioni Froilani, Braulius Braolioni, Asur Petri, Froila Pinioli” confirmed the charter dated 13 Aug 949 under which "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida[1776].

1. FRUELA Piñolez (-after 13 Aug 949). "Obeco Muniz, Ruderico Fredenandiz, Uzua Enne[co]z, Virmundus Nuniz, Munius Froilaniz, Fortes Iustiz, Braolo Braoliz, Froila Pinioliz" confirmed the charter dated 3 Apr 945 under which King Ramiro II donated property to Sahagún[1777]. "Ovecus episcopus" confirmed a donation to Sahagún by charter dated 28 Aug 945, witnessed by "…Froila Pinioliz…"[1778]. “...Munioni Froilani, Braulius Braolioni, Asur Petri, Froila Pinioli” confirmed the charter dated 13 Aug 949 under which "Vermudo Nunez" donated property to the monastery of Santiago de Valdavida[1779].

Two probable brothers:

1. FÁFILA Baroncélliz (-after 25 Jun 934). “...Fafila Baroncelli...Aurelius Baroncelli...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Jun 934 under which King Ramiro II donated "locum...Apeliare super ripam...Torio" to the monastery of San Cosme and San Damián[1780]. "Munius Adefonsi, Attanus Froianiz, Afila Baroncelli, Aboleetha ibendecember, Fredenandus Muniniz, Menendus Gundisaluiz, Aloitus Lucidi, Arias Aloitiz..." subscribed the undated charter under “Sancius...princeps” confirmed the donation of “conmisso de Montanos” made by “avio meo...dnm Froilanem principem”[1781].

2. AURELIO Baroncélliz (-after 15 May 951). “...Fafila Baroncelli...Aurelius Baroncelli...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Jun 934 under which King Ramiro II donated "locum...Apeliare super ripam...Torio" to the monastery of San Cosme and San Damián[1782]. “...Aurelius Baronzelli filius...” confirmed the charter dated 3 Jul 935 under which King Ramiro II donated "ecclesias...inter Euue et Masma" to the church of León[1783]. "Ranimirus rex" donated property to Sahagún by charter dated 29 Mar 945, subscribed by "Veremudus rex proles Adefonsi principis, Ordonius proles regis, Sancius frater Ordonius proles regis, Osorio Munniz, Assur Fernandiz, Aurelius Baroncelli"[1784]. “Ouecco” [bishop] donated property to León Cathedral by charter dated 25 May [950], subscribed by “Ouecco sedis Ouetense episcopus, Vigila Nunniz, Suarius Nunniz, Munius Nunniz, Virimundus Nunniz, Nunnus Nunniz, Aurelius Baroncelli...”[1785]. “Fredenandus Gundessalviz, Didaco Monniuz, Pelagio Gundesalviz, Ruderico Guterriz, Osorius Guterriz, Aurelius Baronzelliz, Suarius Nunnio, Monnio Nunniz, Nunno Nunniz, Monnio Gudesteuz, Oveco Moniuz, Roderico Fredenandiz, Uzua Ennequiz” confirmed the charter dated 15 May 951 under which King Ordoño III donated "villa de Matella" to Sahagún[1786].

Three possible brothers, the names of García and Aznar suggest a connection with Navarre:

1. GARCÍA Purcélliz (-after 8 Jan 978). “...Garsea Puricelli, Aznar Puricelli...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jun 954 under which King Ordoño III donated “eglesia...Sancti Claudii, Luperci et Uictorici in arraballde...civitatis Legione” to the church of León[1787]. “Fredenando Didazi, Petro Fredenandiz, Nepzano Didaz, Gomiz Fredenandiz, Froeila Didadidaz, Garsea Purizellize” confirmed the charter dated 24 Nov 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “uilla de Sancti Uictori” to the monastery of San Cipriano de Valdesaz[1788]. Despite the 24 year absence from documentation in León, the unusual name and patronymic combination suggests that García Purcélliz who subscribed the 8 Jun 954 and 24 Nov 978 documents was the same person. If that is correct, he had presumably been exiled.

2. AZNAR Purcélliz (-after 23 Apr 978). “...Garsea Puricelli, Aznar Puricelli...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jun 954 under which King Ordoño III donated “eglesia...Sancti Claudii, Luperci et Uictorici in arraballde...civitatis Legione” to the church of León[1789]. “Geloira” [identified as Elvira daughter of King Ramiro II] granted “villas...Kampos circa Kastro Ardon” to “tio nostro Azenari Purizelliz et uxori uestre Urraka” by charter dated 19 Feb 969[1790]. “...Azenar Puricelli...” confirmed the charter dated 4 Apr 970 under which "Giloira Ranimiri principis filia" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún[1791]. “...Acenar Purcelliz...” confirmed the charter dated 20 Dec 973 under which "Ansur et uxor Ilduara" bought property from the monks of San Martín[1792]. Maior domus 23 Jun 970, 1 May 974 and 18 Jan 977. “...Azenarii Purizelli...” confirmed the charter dated 21 Jul 974 under which King Ramiro III donated the monastery of Santos Justo y Pastor de Rozuela to Ariendo monastery, previously granted to “condam Sendino presbitero, Puricelly pigno qui hunc pontifice tum sedis huius tenens compto”[1793]. “...Azenar Puricelli...” confirmed the charter dated 10 Dec 975 under which King Ramiro III donated “hereditatem de duobus fratribus...Salbator et Mahamuthi”, which had been confiscated for homicide, to “Sauaricus diaconus”[1794]. “...Azenar Puricelliz...” confirmed the charter dated 27 Mar 976 under which “comes Froyla Velaz...cum coniuge mea comitissa Gislavara” donated “...monasterio Sanctæ Mariæ de Cartavio...” to San Salvador de Léon[1795]. “...Azenar Purizelliz...” signed the charter dated 11 May 976 under which "Ansur" confirmed his donation to Sahagún and named his wife "Ildoara" and his sons "Pelagii et Petrus"[1796]. “...Aznar Puricelliz maiordomus...” confirmed the charter dated 18 Jan 977 under which "Ranimirus rex" donated property to Sahagún[1797]. “Azenanrii Puricellis...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jan 978 under which King Ramiro III donated “Uillas de Asinos” to Sisnando Bishop of León[1798]. "...Azenari Purizelliz..." signed a charter for Sahagún by charter dated 23 Apr 978[1799]. m URRACA, daughter of ---. “Geloira” [identified as Elvira daughter of King Ramiro II] granted “villas...Kampos circa Kastro Ardon” to “tio nostro Azenari Purizelliz et uxori uestre Urraka” by charter dated 19 Feb 969[1800].

3. [SANCHO Purcélliz (-after 11 May 971). “...Sancio Purizelez...” confirmed the charter dated 11 May 971 under which "Ranimiro rex et Gelbira reina domna" donated property to the monastery of Sahagún[1801].]

1. FÁFILA Oláliz (-after 6 Dec [960]). Maiordomus. “...Fafila Olaliz qui et maior...” confirmed the charter dated 8 Jun 954 under which King Ordoño III donated “eglesia...Sancti Claudii, Luperci et Uictorici in arraballde...civitatis Legione” to the church of León[1802]. “...Fafila Olaliz...” confirmed the charter dated 6 Dec [960] under which Ilderedo Bishop of Segovia donated “uilla...Sancti Claudii...super ripam alueum Aratoy” to León[1803]. m ---. The name of Fáfila´s wife is not known. Fáfila & his wife had one child:

a) MANSUARA Fafílaz . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which [her son] "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[1804]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m FERNANDO Díaz, son of DIEGO Muñoz Conde de Saldaña & his wife Tegridia --- ([939/40 or after]-after 1003).

1. SARRACINO Silez (-after 28 Sep 1011). Conde: "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1805].

1. VELA Iñíguez (-after 28 Sep 1011). Conde: "Munnio Roderiquiz…cum coniuge mea Geloira" founded the monastery of San Juan Bautista de León by charter dated 28 Sep 1011, subscribed by "Munnio Ruderici comite, Sarrazino Silez comite, Veila Ennikiz comite, Munnio Nuniz comite, Ruderico Rumaniz comite, Didaco Fredenandi comite"[1806]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1807].

2. NEPOCIANO Velaz (-after 17 May 1018). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1808].

1. RODRIGO Velaz (-after 1 Mar 1028). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[1809]. “...Roderico Veilaz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1810]. “...Rodericus Uelaz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[1811]. “...Roderigo qui armiger regis continuus...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1812]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[1813]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "fidelem et notarius meus Sampirus presbiter" by charter dated 13 Nov 1023, subscribed by "…Ordonius prolis Ueremundi principis, Munius Ruderiquiz, Rudericus Velaz, Petro Flainiz, Arias Pinnioliz diaconus…Muniu Munneonis, Fredenando Flainiz, Petro Fernandiz, Petro Feroilaz"[1814]. “...Ruderigus Ueilaz qui et armiger regis...” confirmed the charter dated 2 Aug 1026 under which "Didacus Fredenandiz et uxor mea Marina et filiis nostris" donated "Uilla Reuelle...in Ualle de Ratario...hereditate que fecit Uincenti ad Fafila Olaliz avius istius Didaco Fredenandiz" to León Cathedral[1815]. Conde: "…Rudericus Uelaz comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Mar 1028 under which "Tarasia proles Ueremudi principis et xristi ancilla" donated property in León to Santiago de Compostela, for the soul of "genitricis mee dive memorie dne. Giloire regine"[1816].

2. ÏÑIGO Velaz (-19 Aug 1022). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[1817]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[1818].

1. VELASCO Almeiuz (-after 9 Jun 1037). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[1819]. Conde: Vermudo III King of León granted property to "Monio" by charter dated 24 May 1030, subscribed by "comes Velasco Almeiuce, comes Pelagyo Froilaz, Petro Flaginiz, Rodorigo Muniuz qui armiger regis, Fafila Petriz pincerna yn palacio, Anagin Veremudiz…"[1820]. “Velasco Almeiuz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 9 Jun 1037 under which King Vermudo III granted jurisdiction over its inhabitants to Celanova[1821].

1. VERMUDO Citiz (-after 18 Mar 1019). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[1822].

1. GÓMEZ Fernández (-after 8 Nov 1024). Conde: "...Gomez Fernandiz comes in Ceione…" confirmed the charter dated 8 Nov 1024 under which "Monnio Gomiz…cum uxore mea Geluira Fafilaz" donated "ecclesiam…Sancti Iuliani…iuxta flumen Estule…Bouatella subtus Castro de Milanos…habemus…ex parentibus nostris Fafila Fernandiz et domna Adosinda" to Sahagún[1823].

1. LOPE Fortúnez (-after 18 Feb 1053). Conde: “...Luppo Furtunioniz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1047 under which Fernando I King of Castile confirmed properties to the bishop of León[1824]. Presumably the comital title was withdrawn from Lope as in later charters he is not named conde. "...Lope Fortunionis..." subscribed the charter dated 15 May 1050 under which “Gomessanus...episcopus...cum nepotes meos Simeoni et Gomessano” donated property to San Pedro de Cardeña[1825]. "…Lope Fortunio…" subscribed the charter dated 18 Feb 1053 under which Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monasteries of Población and Tamara[1826].

1. GUTIERRE Núñez . Conde. m GONTRODO, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1 Jan 1056 under which her granddaughter "Tarasia Oueconi comitis filia" sold property "in villas…Bretabiello et Fonte Auria…in territorio [Cu]uellas et Alua", inherited from "parentibus meis Oueco Fernandiz et Domna Onnega et de aborum meorum comite Guterre Nunniz et domina Gonterodo", to Miro Bishop of Palencia[1827]. Gutierre & his wife had one child:

a) ONECA Gutiérrez . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1 Jan 1056 under which her daughter "Tarasia Oueconi comitis filia" sold property "in villas…Bretabiello et Fonte Auria…in territorio [Cu]uellas et Alua", inherited from "parentibus meis Oueco Fernandiz et Domna Onnega et de aborum meorum comite Guterre Nunniz et domina Gonterodo", to Miro Bishop of Palencia[1828]. m OVECO Fernández, son of FERNANDO --- & his wife ---.

1. OVECO Fernández . m ONECA Gutiérrez, daughter of Conde GUTIERRE Núñez & his wife Gontrodo ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1 Jan 1056 under which her daughter "Tarasia Oueconi comitis filia" sold property "in villas…Bretabiello et Fonte Auria…in territorio [Cu]uellas et Alua", inherited from "parentibus meis Oueco Fernandiz et Domna Onnega et de aborum meorum comite Guterre Nunniz et domina Gonterodo", to Miro Bishop of Palencia[1829]. Oveco & his wife had one child:

a) TERESA Ovéquiz (-after 1 Jan 1056). "Tarasia Oueconi comitis filia" sold property "in villas…Bretabiello et Fonte Auria…in territorio [Cu]uellas et Alua", inherited from "parentibus meis Oueco Fernandiz et Domna Onnega et de aborum meorum comite Guterre Nunniz et domina Gonterodo", to Miro Bishop of Palencia by charter dated 1 Jan 1056[1830]. m --- Conde, son of ---.

1. ORDOÑO Ramírez . m ELVIRA, daughter of ---. Ordoño & his wife had two possible children:

a) [RODRIGO Ordóñez (-after 9 Jun 1037). He witnessed the 27 Nov 986 donation of Ablavel Godesteoz as "Rodrigo Ordónez armiger regis"[1831]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Riquilo" by charter dated 19 Aug 1022, subscribed by "comes Monio Muniuzi, Petrus Muniuzi, Petrus Fernandizi, Pelagius Mendizi, Rodorigo Ordonizi, Piniolus armiger regis, Rodorigo Romanizi, Sanctio Exemenizi, Rodorigo Veilaz, Enego Veilazi"[1832]. Conde. “...Comes Roderigo Ordoniz, comes Aluaro Ordoniz...” subscribed the charter dated 4 Oct 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged “villa Lapeto qui fuit de abia mea regina domna Velasquita” with “comes Pelagio Froilaz et uxor vestra comitissa Ildontia Ordoniz” for “villa...Framilani que fuit de Monnio Didaz...in territorio Asma prope domon Sancto Iuliano”[1833]. “...Roderigo Ordoniz...” subscribed the charter dated 9 Jun 1037 under which King Vermudo III granted jurisdiction over its inhabitants to Celanova[1834]. m TODA González, daughter of conde GONZALO Menéndez & his wife Ilduara Peláez.]

b) [ÁLVARO Ordóñez (-after 4 Oct 1032). Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Sarracini Ariani" by charter dated 17 May 1018, subscribed by "Vegila Ennegoniz, Munniu Roderici, Fredinando Flaginiz, Munnio Munioni, Munnio Ruderici, Pelagius Froylani armiger reg[is], Albarus Ordonii, Nebocianus Vegiliz, Petrus Munnioni, Iohanni Munnioni"[1835]. "…Albaro Ordoniz armiger regis…" confirmed the charter dated 19 Nov 1018 under which the abbot of Sahagún recited the foundation of the abbey and the confirmation of its privileges by King Alfonso V[1836]. Alfonso V King of León granted property to "Cidi Domnaliz" by charter dated 18 Mar 1019, subscribed by "Pelagio Froilz cod. arma regis, Aluaro Ordoniz, Roderico Veillaz, Enego Veillaz, Piniolo Eximeniz, Vellasco Alemeiuze, Vermudo Cidiz"[1837]. “...Aluaro Ordoniz...” confirmed the charter dated 18 May 1019 under which Alfonso V King of León granted "vilas...in Ual de Lorma in tereturio Leonesis", confiscated from “Cotina Fernadiz et filium suum Fredenato Pelagiz...abesaris nostris...”, to "Petro Flaginizi et uxore sua Bronildi"[1838]. Conde. “Comes Alvarus Ordoniz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1022 under which Alfonso V King of León set the limits of hunting rights at Santa María de Obona[1839]. “...Alvarus Hordoniz comes...” subscribed the charter dated 30 Dec 1028 under which Vermudo III King of León donated “villam...Cordario” to Santiago de Compostela[1840]. “...Comes Roderigo Ordoniz, comes Aluaro Ordoniz...” subscribed the charter dated 4 Oct 1032 under which King Vermudo III exchanged “villa Lapeto qui fuit de abia mea regina domna Velasquita” with “comes Pelagio Froilaz et uxor vestra comitissa Ildontia Ordoniz” for “villa...Framilani que fuit de Monnio Didaz...in territorio Asma prope domon Sancto Iuliano”[1841].]

1. SARRACINO --- . m as her first husband, ---, daughter of ---. She married secondly Gonzalo ---. Sarracino & his wife had one child:

a) MUNIO Sarracínez (-after 21 Feb 1047). “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1842]. m IBERA ---, daughter of --- (-after 21 Feb 1047). “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1843].

1. GONZALO --- . m as her second husband, ---, widow of SARRACINO ---, daughter of ---. Her two marriages are confirmed by the charter dated 21 Feb 1047 under which “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro"[1844]. Gonzalo & his wife had [four] children:

a) NUÑO González . “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1845]. m (before 21 Feb 1047) GOTO ---, daughter of ---. “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1846].

b) TELLO González (-before 21 Feb 1047). “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1847].

c) DIEGO González . “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1848].

d) [TEGRIDIA [González] (-after 8 May 1055). “Monnio Sarraziniz et uxor mea Ibera...cum germanos meos Nuno Gonsalbez et uxor mea Goto et Tegridia et filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz” donated "cartula de Uilla Bega illa ratione qui fuit de Teillo Gonsalbez...in termino de Rio Seico" to "Didago Gonsalbiz...germano nostro" by charter dated 21 Feb 1047[1849]. While this document confirms that Tegridia was the sister of Munio Sarracínez and also of the brothers Nuño González and Diego González, it does not confirm that Gonzalo was her father. "Tegridia...cum filio meo Monnio Uelasquiz" donated "villa...in ribulo Giginnati vocabulo Ueciella" to Sahagún by charter dated 8 May 1055[1850]. A charter dated 21 Aug 1091 records that “domna Tegridia” donated "in ribulo Giginnati villa...Uecella et in Pozaturama monasterium Sancti Andree", that later "Monnio Uelasquiz" bought “ibi in Uezella terras”, that after he died “uxoris illius...domna Maria...Monnioz...cum filiis meis Uelasco Monnioz, Maior Monnioz, Urraka Monnioz, Tegridia Monnioz, Santia Monnioz” exchanged the property for “monasterium Sancte Marie et...duos solares de Uilla Filal”[1851]. m VELASCO ---, son of ---.]

1. RODRIGO --- (-before [1060]). m as her first husband, JUSTA ---, daughter of --- (-[7 May 1063/1070]). She married secondly as his first wife, Pedro Ansúrez. "Iusta" donated “Uilla de Don Uascon in Aratoi medietate et illa ratione de Annaia Rodriquiz et de domna Tota sua germana...et in Aratoi, in Bustello de Flavio...et in riuulo Aratoi in Quintanella de Petro Ansuriz” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Mar 1063[1852]. "Iusta...cum filiabus meis" donated “in Quintanella monasterium Sancti Saluatoris” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Assuriz et filio meo Gunsaluo”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1063, which also records that she donated “villas in Quintanella in Bustello et Flauis et in Uilla Don Uascon terciam partem vel quant cum illi quadrat inter suas germanas” for the soul of “filii mei Martino Rodriquiz”[1853]. Rodrigo & his wife had [six or more] children:

a) [ANAIA Rodríguez (-[before 27 Mar 1063]). "Iusta" donated “Uilla de Don Uascon in Aratoi medietate et illa ratione de Annaia Rodriquiz et de domna Tota sua germana...et in Aratoi, in Bustello de Flavio...et in riuulo Aratoi in Quintanella de Petro Ansuriz” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Mar 1063[1854]. It is not certain that Anaia and Tota were children of the donor. However, the charter dated 27 Mar 1063 confirms that Justa´s first husband was Rodrigo.]

b) [TOTA Rodríguez (-[before 27 Mar 1063]). "Iusta" donated “Uilla de Don Uascon in Aratoi medietate et illa ratione de Annaia Rodriquiz et de domna Tota sua germana...et in Aratoi, in Bustello de Flavio...et in riuulo Aratoi in Quintanella de Petro Ansuriz” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Mar 1063[1855]. It is not certain that Anaia and Tota were children of the donor. However, the charter dated 27 Mar 1063 confirms that Justa´s first husband was Rodrigo.]

c) MARTÍN Rodríguez (-[before 27 Mar 1063]). "Martino Rodriquiz" donated “eglesie in Bustello de Flauio...et in Uilla de Don Uascon...et in Quintanella de Petro Assurez” to Sahagún by charter dated 7 May 1063[1856]. "Iusta...cum filiabus meis" donated “in Quintanella monasterium Sancti Saluatoris” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Assuriz et filio meo Gunsaluo”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1063, which also records that she donated “villas in Quintanella in Bustello et Flauis et in Uilla Don Uascon terciam partem vel quant cum illi quadrat inter suas germanas” for the soul of “filii mei Martino Rodriquiz”[1857].

d) [GONZALO [Rodríguez] (-before 27 Mar 1063). "Iusta...cum filiabus meis" donated “in Quintanella monasterium Sancti Saluatoris” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Assuriz et filio meo Gunsaluo”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1063[1858]. It is not certain whether Gonzalo was his mother´s son by her first or second marriage.]

e) [SOL Rodríguez (-[after 18 Nov 1071]). “Sol Rodriquiz” donated "hereditabus quas habeo de avis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Uascon...et in Uilla Uerde et in Escobar et in Bustello et in Uilla Uimara, meam portionem" to “marito meo Fernando Munnioz” by charter dated 1 Jun 1066[1859]. The parentage of Sol Rodríguez has not been identified beyond doubt. However, several of the properties named in this charter were also named in the charters of Justa which are quoted above. It is therefore a reasonable speculation that Sol was her daughter by her first marriage. “Momadonna Gudesteiz” donated "divisa...in Uilla Curta iuxta riuulo Ceia...fuit de filio meo Iohanne Monniz" to “Gonsaluo Ansuriz...et uxori tue Sol Rodriquiz” by charter dated 18 Nov 1071[1860]. It is not certain that Sol Rodríguez, wife of Gonzalo Ansúrez, was the same person as the widow of Fernando Muñoz. However, no other person of this name/patronymic combination has been identified at the time. m [firstly] (before 1 Jun 1066) FERNANDO Muñoz, son of MUNIO --- & his wife ---. [m secondly GONZALO Ansúrez , son of ANSUR Díaz & his [second] wife --- Ovéquiz (-after 1075).]

f) daughter(s) . "Iusta...cum filiabus meis" donated “in Quintanella monasterium Sancti Saluatoris” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viro meo Petro Assuriz et filio meo Gunsaluo”, by charter dated 27 Mar 1063, which also records that she donated “villas in Quintanella in Bustello et Flauis et in Uilla Don Uascon terciam partem vel quant cum illi quadrat inter suas germanas” for the soul of “filii mei Martino Rodriquiz”[1861].

1. VELASCO Vélaz (-after 29 May 1080). King Alfonso VI granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz” by charter dated 6 Nov 1071[1862]. King Alfonso VI granted "racione in villa...Uilla Uelleco territorio Graliare, discurrente flumine Aratoi" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis” by charter dated 7 Aug 1073[1863]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[1864]. "Uelasco Uelaz et uxor mea Momadonna Uermuiz et filio meo Ueila Uelasquiz" donated “cortes in Uilla Crexes iuxta Graliare super ripam Ceia” to “Pelaio Antoniz” by charter dated 29 May 1080[1865]. m firstly ISABEL ---, daughter of --- (-after 20 Feb 1074). King Alfonso VI granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz” by charter dated 6 Nov 1071[1866]. King Alfonso VI granted "racione in villa...Uilla Uelleco territorio Graliare, discurrente flumine Aratoi" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis” by charter dated 7 Aug 1073[1867]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[1868]. m secondly (before 29 May 1080) MUNIADOMNA Vermúdez, daughter of VERMUDO --- & his wife ---. "Uelasco Uelaz et uxor mea Momadonna Uermuiz et filio meo Ueila Uelasquiz" donated “cortes in Uilla Crexes iuxta Graliare super ripam Ceia” to “Pelaio Antoniz” by charter dated 29 May 1080[1869]. Velasco & his first wife had one child:

a) VELA Velásquez . King Alfonso VI granted "villa...Arnellas subtus amnis Aratoi territorio Graliare" to “Uelasco Uelaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filiis tuis Uela Uelasquiz” by charter dated 6 Nov 1071[1870]. "Maria Gutterriz...cum iermanas meas domna Fronilli et Donellu et domna Tegridia" donated “villa...Petrafitta super ripam fluminis Ceia...in territorio Castro Froila et Siero...fuit...de patre nostro comite Guttier Afonso et matre nostra comitissa domna Goto” to “Uelasco Ueilaz et uxori tue Helisabet vel filii tui Ueila Uelasquiz” by charter dated 20 Feb 1074[1871]. "Uelasco Uelaz et uxor mea Momadonna Uermuiz et filio meo Ueila Uelasquiz" donated “cortes in Uilla Crexes iuxta Graliare super ripam Ceia” to “Pelaio Antoniz” by charter dated 29 May 1080[1872].

1. ARMENTARIO Vélaz (-after 29 Jan 1078). King Alfonso VI granted "villa in territorio inter Istola et Ceia...Otero secus Ualle de Spino...Iubarella..." to “Armentario” by charter dated 21 Dec 1071[1873]. “Armentario Uelaz” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Spino in Oterolo...cum quo michi dedit rex Adefonsus" to “Rodrico Michaeliz” by charter dated 16 Jan 1073[1874]. "Armentere et uxor mea Flamula" sold “uno solare in villa...Ualdespino hic in Autero” to “Uelite Ariolfiz cognomento Eundesindo” by charter dated 17 Feb 1074[1875]. "Armentarius Uelaz" donated “villas...Octeiro iuxta Ualdespina...et media de Iubarella” to Sahagún by charter dated 29 Jan 1078[1876]. m FLÁMULA ---, daughter of --- (-after 17 Feb 1074). "Armentere et uxor mea Flamula" sold “uno solare in villa...Ualdespino hic in Autero” to “Uelite Ariolfiz cognomento Eundesindo” by charter dated 17 Feb 1074[1877].

Seven siblings:

1. MUNIO Ansúrez . "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1878].

2. PEDRO Ansúrez (-after 25 Nov 1089). "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1879]. “...Petro Ansuriz...” confirmed the charter dated 25 Nov 1089 under which “Gonsaluo Ermeildiz” donated “mea hereditate in Uilla Adda” to “uxor mea domna Maior”[1880].

3. PELAYO Ansúrez . "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1881].

4. GONZALO Ansúrez . "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1882].

5. VELASCO Ansúrez . "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1883].

6. two others . "Monnio Assuriz" donated “paupertagula quam adquisivi de meam suprinam inter meos germanos mea porcione...in Kastrello de Karrione in illa divisa de Uelasco Assuriz...et in Uilla Froila mea septena inter meos iermanos” to Sahagún by charter dated 27 Sep 1081, witnessed by “Petro Assuriz, Pelagio Assuriz, Gundisalus Assuriz, Monnio Uelasquiz”[1884].

1. MUNIO --- . m ---. [Four] children:

a) PEDRO Muñoz (-before 11 Jan 1095). m JIMENA González, daughter of GONZALO --- & his wife --- (-after 13 Sep 1121). “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Jan 1095[1885]. “Ancilla Dei Xemena Gunsaluiz...cum filio meo Monnio Petriz” donated “hereditate...in Uilla de Malua” to “criato nostro Martin Petriz” by charter dated 1102[1886]. “Semena Gonzaluiz" donated “hereditate...in Ualle de Roias et in Sancta Maria de Piascha” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viri mei Petro Munnioz et filio meo Munnio Petriz”, by charter dated 13 Sep 1121[1887]. Pedro & his wife had one child:

i) MUNIO Pérez (-[1102/13 Sep 1121]). “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún by charter dated 11 Jan 1095[1888]. “Monnio Petrez” donated “corte in villa...Oterolo discurrentem aquas ad Aradue...vinea...in valle...Uelle de Citiline...in Arenas alia vinea...de Uilla Ascusa” to “Petro Memez” by charter dated 24 Jun 1096[1889]. “Ancilla Dei Xemena Gunsaluiz...cum filio meo Monnio Petriz” donated “hereditate...in Uilla de Malua” to “criato nostro Martin Petriz” by charter dated 1102[1890]. “Semena Gonzaluiz" donated “hereditate...in Ualle de Roias et in Sancta Maria de Piascha” to Sahagún, for the souls of “viri mei Petro Munnioz et filio meo Munnio Petriz”, by charter dated 13 Sep 1121[1891].

b) [SOÑA Muñoz . “Sonna Monnioz, Pelagio Monniz, Velasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 11 Jan 1095 under which “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún[1892]. The names in the subscription list suggest that they may have been brothers of the donor´s husband. “Sonna Monniz, Velasco Monniz, Ordonio Flainz” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1097 under which “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Munio et Geluira” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Auosot discurrente rio Sicco prope aulam Sancti Saluatoris...” to Sahagún[1893]. “...Gunzaluo Nunniz, Pelagio Monniz, Ordonius Flainiz, Sonna Monniz, Uelasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 24 Oct 1097 under which “Urraka Nunniz...et...filie eius...Maria et Geluira” donated “habeo et auiis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Cisneros...” to Sahagún[1894].]

c) [PELAYO Muñoz . “Sonna Monnioz, Pelagio Monniz, Velasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 11 Jan 1095 under which “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún[1895]. The names in the subscription list suggest that they may have been brothers of the donor´s husband. “...Gunzaluo Nunniz, Pelagio Monniz, Ordonius Flainiz, Sonna Monniz, Uelasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 24 Oct 1097 under which “Urraka Nunniz...et...filie eius...Maria et Geluira” donated “habeo et auiis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Cisneros...” to Sahagún[1896].]

d) [VELASCO Muñoz (-after 26 Feb 1020). “Sonna Monnioz, Pelagio Monniz, Velasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 11 Jan 1095 under which “Scemena Gonzalbiz cum filio meo Monno Petriz” donated “nostra racione...in monasterio Sancte Marie...de Piasca...habuimus illud de viro meo Petro Monnioz quem habuit de aviorum parentumque suorum” to Sahagún[1897]. The names in the subscription list suggest that they may have been brothers of the donor´s husband, although in the case of Velasco Muñoz he could also have been the son of Munio Velásquez and his wife María Muñoz who are shown elsewhere in the present document. “Sonna Monniz, Velasco Monniz, Ordonio Flainz” confirmed the charter dated 23 May 1097 under which “Comitissa domna Ildonza prolis Munio et Geluira” donated "uno solare in villa...Ualle de Auosot discurrente rio Sicco prope aulam Sancti Saluatoris...” to Sahagún[1898]. “...Gunzaluo Nunniz, Pelagio Monniz, Ordonius Flainiz, Sonna Monniz, Uelasco Monniz” confirmed the charter dated 24 Oct 1097 under which “Urraka Nunniz...et...filie eius...Maria et Geluira” donated “habeo et auiis et parentibus meis...in Uilla Ordonio...in Moratinos...in Cisneros...” to Sahagún[1899]. “...Uelasco Muniz...” confirmed the charter dated 26 Feb 1020 under which “Fredenandus Flayniz et eius coniuge Geloire” donated property to the monks of San Martín[1900].]

1. GUTIERRE Muñoz . "Adefonsus…Ispanie imperator" permitted the abbey of Silos to establish outposts near the abbey, with the consent of "uxoris mee Berte regine", by charter dated 20 Jan [1096/98], confirmed by "…Gutier Munoz…"[1901].

1. DIEGO Vermúdez . "Adefonsus…Ispanie imperator" permitted the abbey of Silos to establish outposts near the abbey, with the consent of "uxoris mee Berte regine", by charter dated 20 Jan [1096/98], confirmed by "…Didago Bermudez…"[1902].

1. FERNANDO Fernández (-after 15 Oct 1071). Conde. “Fredinandus Fernandiz comes, Osorio Osoriz” confirmed the charter dated 1065 under which "Iusta comitissa...cum filio meo Diaco Assuriz" donated “in villa...Uilla Alba nostram portionem...[et] in Carapipas” to Sahagún[1903]. “...Monio Fernandiz, Fernando Fernandiz” confirmed the charter dated 22 Nov 1068 under which Alfonso VI King of León granted immunities to Sahagún[1904]. "...Fernando Fernandiz comes..." confirmed the charter dated 15 Oct 1071 under which King Alfonso VI granted “hereditates secus flubio Estola, territorio Aquilare...” to “soror mea domina Urracca”[1905].

1. FERNANDO --- (-before 17 Aug 1087). [Conde. It is not known which of Aldonza´s husbands was conde.] m as his [---] wife, ALDONZA [Eslonza], [widow of MUNIO ---,] daughter of ---. "La condesa Eslonza y sus hijos Fernando Fernández y Elvira Muñoz" sold property at Villanueva de Arriba, next to Muñeca, to "Pedro Rodríguez y a su mujer Cita" by charter dated 17 Aug 1087[1906]. "La condesa Eslonza y sus hijos Fernando Fernández y Elvira Muñoz" donated houses at Barajones to the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas "Pedro Rodríguez y a su mujer Cita" by charter dated 17 Aug 1087[1907]. The order of Aldonza´s marriages is not certain. Fernando & his wife had one child:

a) FERNANDO Fernández . "La condesa Eslonza y sus hijos Fernando Fernández y Elvira Muñoz" sold property at Villanueva de Arriba, next to Muñeca, to "Pedro Rodríguez y a su mujer Cita" by charter dated 17 Aug 1087[1908]. "La condesa Eslonza y sus hijos Fernando Fernández y Elvira Muñoz" donated houses at Barajones to the monastery of San Román de Entrepeñas "Pedro Rodríguez y a su mujer Cita" by charter dated 17 Aug 1087[1909].

1. DIEGO Peláez (-after 29 Mar 1085). “...Didago Pelaiz...” subscribed the charter dated 29 Mar 1085 under which "comitissa de terra Spanensi...Iusta" sold property to “...comite domno Petro...et uxore vestre comitissa domna Eilo”[1910].

[1] Llorente (1808) Noticias Históricas de las tres provincias vascongadas Álava, Guipúzcoa y Vizcaya (Madrid), Vol. V. pp. 434-7.

[2] Martínez Díez, G. ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Actas del III Congreso de Historia de Palencia (1995), Tome II, p. 553.

[3] Proyecto Regestalia, available at <http://www2.uah.es/historia1/carlossaez/Regestos/default.htm (11 Feb 2008).

[4] As at 20 Jan 2010.

[5] Salazar y Acha, J. (2000) La casa del Rey de Castilla y León en la Edad Media (Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales Madrid), p. 349.

[6] Mínguez Fernández, J. M. (ed.) (1976) Colección diplomatica del Monasterio de Sahagún, Siglos IX y X (León) (“Sahagún”), Tomo I, 273.

[7] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284.

[8] Sahagún, Tome I, 287.

[9] Sahagún, Tomo I, 273.

[10] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284.

[11] Sahagún, Tomo I, 308.

[12] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284.

[13] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284.

[14] Saez, E. & Saez, C. (1990) Colección documental del archivo de la Catedral de Léon (León) (“León Cathedral”), Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[15] Loperraez Corvalan, J. (1788) Colección diplomática citada en la descripción histórica del obispado de Osma (Madrid) (“Osma Obispado”), Tome III, III, p. 5.

[16] Ubieto Arteta, A. (ed.) (1976) Cartulario de San Millán de la Cogolla (Valencia), Tome I, 190, p. 190.

[17] Osma Obispado, Tome III, III, p. 5.

[18] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 190, p. 190.

[19] Fortún Pérez de Ciriza, L. J. ´La quiebra de la soberanía navarra en Álava, Guipúzcoa y el Duranguesado (1199-1200)´, Revista internacionál de estudios vascos, 45, 2, 2000, p. 465.

[20] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 241 and 268, pp. 235 and 261.

[21] Osma Obispado, Tome III, III, p. 5.

[22] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 190, p. 190.

[23] Ruiz Asencio, J. M. (ed.) (1987) Colección documental del archivo de la Catedral de León (León) ("León Cathedral"), Vol. III, 709, p. 268.

[24] Fernández Flórez, J. A., Herrero de la Fuente, M. (eds.) (1999) Colección documental del monasterio de Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas (Madrid) ("Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas"), Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[25] Herrero de la Fuente, M. (1988) Colección diplomática del monasterio de Sahagún (León) (“Sahagún”), Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[26] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[27] López Ferreiro, A. (1899) Historia de la Santa Iglesia de Santiago de Compostela (Santiago), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[28] Núñez Contreras, L. ‘Colección diplomática de Vermudo III Rey de León’, Historia, instituciones, documentos, no. 4 (1977), 2, p. 444, available at <dialnet.uniroja.es/descarga/articulo/670252.pdf> [6 Nov 2012].

[29] Núñez Contreras (1977), 15, p. 478.

[30] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[31] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[32] Cavero Domínguez, G. & Martín López, E. (eds.) (1999) Colección documental de la Catedral de Astorga (León) ("Astorga Cathedral"), Vol. I, 314, p. 262.

[33] Pérez, J., Romualdo Escalona, F. (1782) Historia del real monasterio de Sahagun (Madrid) ("Sahagún (Pérez)"), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460.

[34] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 314, p. 262.

[35] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[36] Sanz Fuentes, M. J. (ed.) ‘Documentación medieval del monasterio de Santa María de Obona en el archivo histórico diocesano de Oviedo’, Asturiensia Medievalia, no. 8 (1995/96) (“Santa María de Obona”), 4, p. 301, available at <http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=134102 > (21 Dec 2012).

[37] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[38] Sahagún, Tomo II, 404, p. 49.

[39] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[40] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[41] Fernández, L. (1967) Colección diplomática de la abadía de Santa María de Benevívere (Palencia) 1020-1061) (Madrid) (“Benevívere Santa María”), 1, 5.

[42] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[43] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[44] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[45] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[46] Núñez Contreras (1977), 13, p. 472.

[47] Núñez Contreras (1977), 15, p. 478.

[48] Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, M. (1999) Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla (siglos IX-XIII) (Consejería de Educación y Cultura de la Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid), p. 102.

[49] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[50] Chronicon Regum Legionensium: Barton, S. and Fletcher, R. (trans. and eds.) The World of El Cid: Chronicles of the Spanish Reconquest (Manchester UP), p. 77.

[51] Schottus, A. (ed.) (1608) Hispaniæ Illustratæ, Tomo IV (Frankfurt), Lucæ Tudensis Chronicon Mundi, ("Lucas Tudensis"), Liber IV, p. 89.

[52] Núñez Contreras (1977), 13, p. 472.

[53] Chronicon Regum Legionensium, p. 77.

[54] Floriano, A. (1950) El Libro Registro de Corias (Oviedo) (“El Libro Registro de Corias (1950)”), 286, p. 83, quoted in Salazar Acha, J. de 'Una familia de la Alta Edad Media: Los Velas y su realidad historica', Estudios Genealógicos y Heráldicos (Asociación Española de Estudios Genealógicos y Heráldicos, Madrid, 1985), p. 44.

[55] Floriano Cumbreño, A. (1947) El monasterio de Cornellana, p. 180, quoted in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 45.

[56] García Larragueta (1962) Colección de Documentos de la Catedral de Oviedo (Oviedo) (“Oviedo Cathedral”), doc. 118, cited in Torres (1999), p. 103.

[57] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 118, cited in Torres (1999), p. 103.

[58] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XCVII, p. 245.

[59] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[60] Berganza, F. de (1721) Antiguedades de España (Madrid) Secunda parte, Appendice CXII, p. 436.

[61] Archivo Histórico Nacional, códice 267-B, folio 82v, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[62] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 52.

[63] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1008, p. 345.

[64] Chronicon Regum Legionensium, p. 77.

[65] Pérez Celada, J. A. (ed.) (1986) Documentación del monasterio de San Zoilo de Carrion 1047-1300 (Palencia) (“San Zoilo de Carrión”) 3, p. 6.

[66] Bernard, A. and Bruel, A. (eds.) (1876-1903) Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Cluny ( Paris), Tome IV, 3492, p. 604, and Tome IV, 3507, p. 622.

[67] Annales Compostellani, España Sagrada XXIII, p. 321.

[68] Serrano, L. (ed.) (1925) Cartulario de San Pedro de Arlanza (Madrid) (“Arlanza”), LXXXIV, p. 159.

[69] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 85, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 108.

[70] Oviedo Cathedral, docs. 95 and 109, cited in Torres (1999), p. 102.

[71] Oviedo Cathedral doc 58, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013, and cited in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[72] Sahagún, doc. 615, cited in Torres (1999), p. 109.

[73] Chronicon Regum Legionensium, p. 77.

[74] Oviedo Cathedral doc 58, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013, and cited in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[75] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XCVII, p. 245.

[76] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 66, cited in Torres (1999), p. 108.

[77] Chronicon Regum Legionensium, p. 77.

[78] Oviedo Cathedral doc 58, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013, and cited in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[79] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XCVII, p. 245.

[80] Quintana Prieto, A. (ed.) (1971) Tumbo Viejo de San Pedro de Montes (León) ("San Pedro de Montes"), 27, p. 113.

[81] Sanz Fuentes, M. J. ‘Mas documentos del monasterio de San Vicente anteriores a 1200’, Asturiense medievalia, 5 (1986), available at <dialnet.uniroja.es> (31 Jan 2013) (“Sanz Fuentes ‘San Vicente’ (1986)”), 1, p. 96.

[82] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[83] Fernández Conde, F. J. (ed.) (1971) El Libro de los Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo (Rome) (“Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo”), Appendice documental, V, p. 382.

[84] San Pedro de Montes, 85, p. 171.

[85] San Pedro de Montes, 85, p. 171.

[86] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VII, p. 385.

[87] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 107, cited in Torres (1999), p. 109.

[88] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VII, p. 385.

[89] El Libro Registro de Corias (1950), I, p. 92, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[90] El Libro Registro de Corias (1950), I, p. 92, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[91] Chronicon Regum Legionensium, p. 77.

[92] Oviedo Cathedral doc 58, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013, and cited in Torres (1999), p. 110.

[93] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, V, p. 382.

[94] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VII, p. 385.

[95] García Turza, F. J. (ed.) (1985) Documentación medieval del monasterio de Valvanera (siglos XI a XIII) (Zaragoza) (“Valvanera”), 69, p. 70.

[96] Salazar y Castro, L. de (1696-7) Historia genealogica de la Casa de Lara, 3 vols. (Madrid), Pruebas, (“Salazar y Castro (Lara), Pruebas”), p. 6.

[97] Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris, 30, p. 177.

[98] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VII, p. 385.

[99] García García, M. E. 'El conde asturiano Gonzalo Peláez', Asturiensia medievalia 2 (1975), pp. 44-6, available at <http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=836852> (20 Dec 2012).

[100] Castán Lanaspa, G. & Castán Lanaspa, J. (1992) Documentos del monasterio de Santa María de Trianos (siglos XII-XIII) (Universidad de Salamanca) (“Trianos Santa María”), 2, p. 16.

[101] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura CLI, p. 516.

[102] Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris I, 4, pp. 164-5.

[103] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 415.

[104] Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris I, 30 and 31, pp. 177 and 178.

[105] Barton, S. (2002) The aristocracy in twelfth-century León and Castile (Cambridge University Press), p. 259.

[106] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, XXX, p. 164.

[107] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura CLX, p. 526.

[108] Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris I, 46, p. 183.

[109] García García ‘El conde asturiano Gonzalo Peláez’, p. 64, quoting Libro de las Kalendas, Tome I, cited by Ruiz de la Peña, J. I. in a paper presented at Congresso luso-espanhol de estudos medievais, held at Oporto 18-23 Jun 1968.

[110] Trianos Santa María, 2, p. 16.

[111] Barton (2002), p. 259.

[112] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VII, p. 385.

[113] Floriano Llorente, P. (ed.) (1968) Colección diplomática del monasterio de San Vicente de Oviedo (Oviedo) ("Oviedo San Vicente"), doc. CLXXXI, cited in Torres (1999), p. 111. This appointment is not shown in Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 415.

[114] Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris I, 4, p. 164.

[115] Lucas Tudensis, p. 85.

[116] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 21.

[117] Lucas Tudensis, p. 90.

[118] Torres (1999), pp. 44-5, citing Rodríguez Marquina, J. 'La familia de la madre de Sancho el Mayor de Navarra', Archivos Leoneses 49 (1971), pp. 143-50, 145, Cotarelo, A. (1981) Alfonso III el Magno (Madrid), p. 246, and García Pellegrín, J. (1991) Studien zum Hochadel der Königreiche León und Kastilien in Hochmittelalter (Münster), p. 17 among others.

[119] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 20-4.

[120] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 23.

[121] Pérez Soler, M. D. (ed.) (1970) Cartulario de Valpuesta (Valencia) (“Valpuesta”) 10, p. 28.

[122] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 20-4.

[123] Lucas Tudensis, p. 85.

[124] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 21.

[125] Martínez Díez, G. (1998) Colección documental del monasterio de San Pedro de Cardeña (Burgos) (“San Pedro de Cardeña”), 2, p. 26.

[126] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[127] García Leal, A. (ed.) (2000) El Registro de Corias (Oviedo) (“El Registro de Corias (2000)”), p. 180.

[128] Saez, E. (1987) Colección documental del archivo de la Catedral de Léon (León) (“León Cathedral”), Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[129] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[130] Lucas Tudensis, p. 90.

[131] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[132] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[133] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[134] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[135] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 368, p. 152.

[136] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[137] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 29-30.

[138] El Libro Registro de Corias (1950), 481, p. 151, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, pp. 28-9.

[139] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[140] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[141] Oviedo Cathedral, docs. 51 and 55, quoted in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 30.

[142] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[143] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[144] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 31.

[145] El Libro Registro de Corias (1950), 478, p. 150, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, pp. 28-9.

[146] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 93, p. 152.

[147] Sahagún, Tomo I, 129.

[148] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 315, p. 90.

[149] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 349.

[150] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 368, p. 152.

[151] Loscertales de García de Valdeavellano, P. (ed.) (1976) Tumbos del monasterio de Sobrado de los monjes (Madrid) (“Sobrado”), Vol. I, 107, p. 127.

[152] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[153] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[154] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[155] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[156] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 315, p. 90.

[157] León Cathedral, doc. 109, doc. 211, and doc. 220 [references incorrect], respectively, cited in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 32-3.

[158] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 33.

[159] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[160] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[161] Sahagún, Tomo I, 290.

[162] Sahagún, Tomo I, 323.

[163] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 970, p. 105.

[164] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 556, p. 66.

[165] San Vicente de Oviedo, information provided by Mara González Morejón in private emails to the author dated 31 Aug and 1 Sep 2013.

[166] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[167] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[168] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[169] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[170] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[171] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[172] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[173] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[174] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[175] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[176] Sahagún, Tomo I, 285.

[177] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 26.

[178] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[179] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 128, p. 197.

[180] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[181] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[182] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[183] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 204, p. 289.

[184] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[185] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[186] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 204, p. 289.

[187] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 26, citing García Álvarez, Ruben 'Ordoño IV de León, un rey impuesto por Castilla', Archivos Leoneses 21 (1967), p. 206+ [not yet consulted].

[188] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 26, citing León Cathedral, Vol. II, 120.

[189] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[190] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[191] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[192] Sahagún, Tomo I, 145, 146 and 147.

[193] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 27.

[194] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[195] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 27.

[196] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[197] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[198] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[199] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[200] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[201] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[202] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 27.

[203] San Pedro de Cardeña, 42, p. 71.

[204] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 28.

[205] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[206] Sánchez Belda, L. (1953) Documentos Reales de la Edad Media referentes a Galicia (Madrid), 138, cited in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 40-1.

[207] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[208] Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, f. 63 r/v, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 169.

[209] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 41.

[210] Sahagún, Tomo II, 397, p. 41.

[211] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[212] Sahagún, Tomo II, 397, p. 41.

[213] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[214] Sahagún, Tomo II, 397, p. 41.

[215] Sahagún, Tomo II, 397, p. 41.

[216] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[217] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[218] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[219] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 41.

[220] Sahagún, Tomo II, 397, p. 41.

[221] Sahagún, Tomo II, 403, p. 48.

[222] Sahagún, Tomo II, 412, p. 60.

[223] Sahagún, Tomo II, 487, p. 156.

[224] Sahagún, Tomo II, 580, p. 273.

[225] Sahagún, Tomo II, 403, p. 48.

[226] Sahagún, Tomo II, 412, p. 60.

[227] Sahagún, Tomo II, 487, p. 156.

[228] Sahagún, Tomo II, 580, p. 273.

[229] Sahagún, Tomo II, 642, p. 351.

[230] Sahagún, Tomo II, 481, p. 150.

[231] Sahagún, Tomo II, 546, p. 237.

[232] Sahagún, Tomo II, 569, p. 262.

[233] Sahagún, Tomo II, 581, p. 274.

[234] Sahagún, Tomo II, 596, p. 284.

[235] Sahagún, Tomo II, 628, p. 331.

[236] Sahagún, Tomo II, 642, p. 351.

[237] Sahagún, Tomo II, 481, p. 150.

[238] Sahagún, Tomo II, 546, p. 237.

[239] Sahagún, Tomo II, 569, p. 262.

[240] Sahagún, Tomo II, 581, p. 274.

[241] Sahagún, Tomo II, 628, p. 331.

[242] Sahagún, Tomo II, 642, p. 351.

[243] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[244] Sahagún, Tomo III, 819, p. 117.

[245] Sahagún, Tomo III, 827, p. 129.

[246] Sahagún, Tomo III, 871, p. 181.

[247] Sahagún, Tomo III, 873, p. 183.

[248] Sahagún, Tomo III, 876, p. 186.

[249] Sahagún, Tomo III, 879, p. 189.

[250] Sahagún, Tomo III, 890, p. 205.

[251] Vignau, V. (1874) Índice de los documentos del monasterio de Sahagún (Madrid) ("Sahagún (Index)"), 1294, p. 299.

[252] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[253] Sahagún, Tomo III, 819, p. 117.

[254] Sahagún, Tomo III, 873, p. 183.

[255] Sahagún, Tomo III, 876, p. 186.

[256] Sahagún, Tomo III, 871, p. 181.

[257] Sahagún, Tomo III, 890, p. 205.

[258] Sahagún (Index), 1294, p. 299.

[259] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1184, p. 29.

[260] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1185, p. 30.

[261] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1187, p. 32.

[262] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1187, p. 32.

[263] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1187, p. 32.

[264] Sahagún, Tomo III, 819, p. 117.

[265] Sahagún, Tomo III, 876, p. 186.

[266] Sahagún, Tomo III, 883, p. 196.

[267] Sahagún (Index), 1294, p. 299.

[268] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[269] Sahagún, Tomo III, 827, p. 129.

[270] Sahagún, Tomo III, 833, p. 137.

[271] Sahagún, Tomo III, 878, p. 188.

[272] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[273] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 42.

[274] Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, ff. 88v-89r, and Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, ff. 105v-106r, respectively, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 170.

[275] Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, f. 111 r/v, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 169. The doubts about the correct translation are discussed on p. 170 footnote 847.

[276] Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, ff. 105v-106r, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 169.

[277] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[278] Menéndez Pidal, La España del Cid, Tomo II, p. 850, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[279] Reilly (1982), pp. 190 and 197.

[280] Menéndez Pidal, La España del Cid, Tomo II, p. 850, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[281] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[282] Sahagún, Tomo II, 707, p. 430.

[283] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[284] Archivo Histórico Nacional, códice 267-B, folio 82v, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[285] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 43.

[286] Santa María de Obona, 40, p. 311.

[287] Archivo Histórico Nacional, códice 267-B, folio 82v, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[288] Archivo Histórico Nacional, códice 267-B, folio 82v, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[289] Archivo Histórico Nacional, códice 267-B, folio 150v, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[290] Biblioteca Nacional, ms. 18.387, folio 237v, escrituras de Samos, quoted in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 43.

[291] Casado Lobato, M. C. ´Indumentaria en la España cristiana del s. XI´, RDTP, XXXII/1-4 (1976), pp. 130-1, cited in García Leal, A. ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez: la formación de un patrimonio señorial´, Anuario de Estudios Medievales 36/1 (Jan/Jun 2006), p. 7.

[292] Prieto Prieto, A. 'El conde Fruela Muñoz: un asturiano del siglo XI', Asturiensia Medievalia 2 (1975), p. 7, cited in García Leal ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez´, p. 7, citing El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[293] Carlé, M. del C. Gran propiedad y pequeños propietarios, CHE, 57-58, p. 199, cited in García Leal ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez´, p. 7.

[294] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 50, p. 107.

[295] Torres (1999), p. 95 footnote 326, citing Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, M. 'Munio Fernández y su descendencia. Vida, patrimonio y política familiar de un conde de Astorga', Astorica 14 (1995), pp. 153-6 and 172, and Ruiz Asencio, J. M. 'Rebeliones leonesas contra Vermudo II', León y su historia I (León, 1969), p. 226.

[296] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 50, p. 107.

[297] Serrano, L. (ed.) (1927) Cartulario de Monasterio de Vega con documentos de San Pelayo de Oviedo (Madrid), Vega (“Vega”), 14, p. 19.

[298] Vega, 13, p. 17.

[299] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[300] Vega, 15, p. 21.

[301] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[302] Prieto 'El conde Fruela Muñoz', pp. 11-37, cited in Barton (2002), p. 245, and Torres (1999), p. 160.

[303] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 74, p. 136.

[304] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 77, p. 140.

[305] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 87, p. 152.

[306] Sahagún, Tomo II, 404, p. 49.

[307] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[308] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[309] Núñez Contreras (1977), 7, p. 456.

[310] Núñez Contreras (1977), 15, p. 478.

[311] Ubieto Arteta, A. (1962) Cartulario de San Juan de la Peña (Valencia) (“San Juan de la Peña”), Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[312] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 224, p. 320.

[313] García Leal ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez´, p. 9, citing Archivo Histórico Diocesano de León, fondo Otero de las Dueñas, no. 166.

[314] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 240, p. 340.

[315] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 243, p. 344.

[316] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 74, p. 136.

[317] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 87, p. 152.

[318] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 185, p. 271.

[319] Núñez Contreras (1977), 7, p. 456.

[320] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 224, p. 320.

[321] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 240, p. 340.

[322] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 243, p. 344.

[323] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 261, p. 367.

[324] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, V, p. 382.

[325] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 200, p. 292.

[326] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 240, p. 340.

[327] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 252, p. 354.

[328] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 265, p. 372.

[329] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 268, p. 376.

[330] Canal Sánchez-Pagín, J.M. 'El Conde Leonés Don Fruela Díaz y su Esposa, la Navarra Doña Estefanía Sánchez (siglos XI-XII)', Príncipe de Viana 47 (1986), 3, p. 38.

[331] Canal Sánchez-Pagín 'El conde leonés don Fruela Díaz', 3, p. 38.

[332] Cadenas Allende (1978), pp. 189-90.

[333] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, V, p. 382.

[334] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 50, p. 107.

[335] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[336] Prieto Prieto 'El conde Fruela Muñoz' (1975), p. 7, cited in García Leal ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez´, p. 7.

[337] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 240, p. 340.

[338] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 265, p. 372.

[339] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 265, p. 372.

[340] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 261, p. 367.

[341] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 224, p. 320.

[342] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[343] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 224, p. 320.

[344] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[345] Corias, information supplied by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 18 Apr 2008.

[346] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[347] Fernández Catón, J. M. (ed.) (1990) Colección documental del archivo de la Catedral de León (León) ("León Cathedral"), Vol. V, 1336, p. 24.

[348] Sahagún, Tomo I, 24.

[349] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 93, p. 152.

[350] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[351] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 128, p. 197.

[352] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[353] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[354] Sahagún, Tomo I, 104, and Torres (1999), p. 53.

[355] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[356] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[357] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[358] Sahagún, Tomo I, 129.

[359] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 261, p. 7.

[360] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 270, p. 19.

[361] Sahagún, Tomo I, 145.

[362] Sahagún, Tomo I, 104, and Torres (1999), p. 53.

[363] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[364] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 261, p. 7.

[365] Sahagún, Tomo I, 145.

[366] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[367] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[368] Sahagún, Tomo II, 365, p. 6.

[369] Sahagún, Tomo I, 145.

[370] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 330, p. 108.

[371] Sobrado, Vol. I, 107, p. 127.

[372] Sahagún, Tomo I, 255.

[373] Sahagún, Tomo I, 261.

[374] Sahagún, Tomo I, 271.

[375] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[376] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[377] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 22, p. 73.

[378] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 350.

[379] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[380] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[381] Sahagún, Tomo I, 286.

[382] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[383] Sahagún, Tomo I, 271.

[384] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 36.

[385] Torres (1999), p. 67, citing López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXIX, p. 219.

[386] Sahagún, Tomo I, 279.

[387] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 22, p. 73.

[388] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[389] Sahagún, Tomo I, 271.

[390] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[391] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[392] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[393] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[394] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 498, p. 309.

[395] Torres (1999), p. 68.

[396] Torres (1999), p. 72.

[397] Carlé, M. C. 'Gran Propiedad y grandes propietarios', Cuadernos de Historia de España, LVII-LVIII (1973), pp. 1-221, 204, cited in Torres (1999), p. 72.

[398] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 38.

[399] Martínez Sopena, P. (1985) La Tierra de Campos occidental. Poblamiento, poder y comunidad del siglo X al XIII (Valladolid), p. 342.

[400] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 730, p. 294.

[401] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 625, p. 157.

[402] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 730, p. 294.

[403] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 741, p. 309.

[404] Torres (1999), p. 72.

[405] Torres (1999), p. 75.

[406] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 748, p. 319.

[407] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 753, p. 326.

[408] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[409] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[410] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[411] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[412] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 841, p. 443.

[413] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 625, p. 157.

[414] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 753, p. 326.

[415] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 841, p. 443.

[416] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 970, p. 105.

[417] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 970, p. 105.

[418] Sahagún, Tomo I, 271.

[419] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[420] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[421] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[422] Vega, 4, p. 6.

[423] Vega, 4, p. 6.

[424] Vega, 13, p. 17.

[425] Vega, 14, p. 19.

[426] Torres (1999), p. 66, who agrees with Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 38-9.

[427] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 313, p. 301.

[428] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 316, p. 304.

[429] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 270, p. 264.

[430] Carlé 'Gran Propiedad', p. 192, cited in Salazar Acha 'Las Velas', p. 38.

[431] Carlé 'Gran Propiedad', p. 192, cited in Salazar Acha 'Las Velas', p. 38.

[432] Carlé 'Gran Propiedad', p. 186, cited in Salazar Acha 'Las Velas', p. 38.

[433] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[434] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1002, p. 158.

[435] Martín Duque, A. J. (1983) Documentación medieval de Leire (siglos IX a XII) (Pamplona) ("Leire") 9, p. 22.

[436] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 108, p. 117.

[437] Ubieto Arteta, A. (ed.) (1986) Cartulario de Siresa (Zaragoza) (“Siresa”), 12, p. 33.

[438] Vignau Ballester. V. (ed.) (1885) Cartulario del monasterio de Eslonza (Madrid) ("Eslonza"), Part I, V, p. 8.

[439] Leire 13, p. 29.

[440] Pamplona 7, p. 29.

[441] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 185, p. 182.

[442] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXIX, p. 219.

[443] Sahagún, Tomo I, 279.

[444] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[445] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[446] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[447] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[448] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 6, p. 54.

[449] Sahagún, Tomo I, 107.

[450] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 286, p. 47.

[451] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 11, p. 58.

[452] Sahagún, Tomo I, 201 and 213.

[453] Torres (1999), p. 58 footnote 87.

[454] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[455] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[456] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[457] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[458] Sahagún, Tomo I, 285.

[459] Sahagún, Tomo I, 285.

[460] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[461] Álvarez Palenzuela, V. A. 'La nobleza del reino de León en la alta edad media', El reino de León en la alta edad media, VII, (León, 1995), quoted in Torres (1999), p. 58.

[462] Torres (1999), pp. 58-9, quoting León Cathedral, 581.

[463] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 35.

[464] Sobrado, Vol. I, 107, p. 127.

[465] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[466] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[467] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[468] Torres (1999), p. 95 footnote 326, citing Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, M. 'Munio Fernández y su descendencia. Vida, patrimonio y política familiar de un conde de Astorga', Astorica 14 (1995), pp. 153-6 and 172, and Ruiz Asencio, J. M. 'Rebeliones leonesas contra Vermudo II', León y su historia I (León, 1969), p. 226.

[469] Sahagún, Tomo II, 384, p. 28.

[470] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIV, p. 452.

[471] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 270, p. 19.

[472] Sahagún, Tomo I, 196.

[473] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[474] Celanova, Tome II, 204, p. 224.

[475] Portugaliæ Monumenta Historica, Diplomata et Chartæ, Vol. I (Lisbon, 1868), Fasc. II, Pars I, CCCXL, p. 207.

[476] Menéndez-Pidal, La España del Cid, II, pp. 722-3, cited in Torres (1999), p. 199.

[477] Menéndez-Pidal, p. 923.

[478] Portugaliæ Monumenta Historica, Diplomata et Chartæ, Vol. I (Lisbon, 1868), Fasc. II, Pars I, CCCXL, p. 207.

[479] Portugaliæ Monumenta Historica, Diplomata et Chartæ, Vol. I (Lisbon, 1868), Fasc. II, Pars I, CCCXL, p. 207.

[480] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 134.

[481] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 87, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 193.

[482] Torres (1999), p. 194, citing Carriedo, M. 'La ascendencia de doña Jimena Díaz, mujer del Cid', Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos, 113 (1984), pp. 999-1016, 1012 [not yet consulted].

[483] Torres (1999), p. 199, citing Menéndez-Pidal, La España del Cid, II, pp. 722-3 [not yet consulted].

[484] Sánchez Belda, L. (1953) Documentos Reales de la Edad Media referentes a Galicia (Madrid), 138, cited in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', pp. 40-1.

[485] Biblioteca Nacional. Mancuscrito num. 18.387 “Escrituras de varios Monasterios”, folio 243, cited in Salazar Acha ´Los Velas´, p. 41.

[486] Tumbo Nuevo de Lugo, f. 63 r/v, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 169.

[487] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 135.

[488] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 180.

[489] García Leal, A. (1998) Colección Diplomatica del monasterio de San Juan de Corias (Universidad de Oviedo), p. 125 (Regestalia).

[490] Yepes, A. de (1617) Coronica General de la Orden de San Benito, Tomo VI, Apendix, III, p. 449.

[491] Ubieto Arteta, A. (ed.) (1989)"Corónicas" Navarras (Zaragoza) 2.23, p. 45.

[492] Menéndez-Pidal, La España del Cid, II, pp. 722-3, cited in Torres (1999), p. 199.

[493] Sahagún, Tomo II, 418, p. 67.

[494] Núñez Contreras (1977), 2, p. 444.

[495] Oviedo Cathedral, docs. 51 and 55, quoted in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 30.

[496] Torres (1999), p. 194, citing Carriedo, M. 'La ascendencia de doña Jimena Díaz, mujer del Cid', Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos, 113 (1984), pp. 999-1016, 1012 [not yet consulted].

[497] Torres (1999), p. 199, citing Menéndez-Pidal, La España del Cid, II, pp. 722-3 [not yet consulted].

[498] Oviedo Cathedral, docs. 51 and 55, quoted in Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 30.

[499] Fernández Conde, F. J., Torrente Fernández, I, and de la Noval Menéndez, G., El monasterio de San Pelayo de Oviedo. Historia y Fuentes, I. Colección diplomatica (996-1325) (Oviedo, 1978), doc. 5, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 194.

[500] CDF, docs. 47 and 48, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 195.

[501] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 60, cited in Torres (1999), p. 195.

[502] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[503] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 87, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 193.

[504] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[505] Sahagún, Tomo III, 782, p. 71.

[506] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1237, p. 519.

[507] Fernández Conde, F. J., Torrente Fernández, I, and de la Noval Menéndez, G., El monasterio de San Pelayo de Oviedo. Historia y Fuentes, I. Collección diplomatica (996-1325) (Oviedo, 1978), doc. 5, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 194.

[508] El Libro Registro de Corias (1950), I, p. 110, cited in Torres (1999), p. 200.

[509] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[510] Ubieto Arteta, A. (ed.) (1989)"Corónicas" Navarras (Zaragoza) 2.23, p. 45.

[511] Garrido Garrido, J. M. (ed.) (1983) Documentación de la catedral de Burgos (804-1183) (Burgos) ("Burgos Cathedral"), 25, p. 60.

[512] Silos 19, p. 21.

[513] Anales Toledanos II, España Sagrada XXIII, p. 416.

[514] Oviedo San Vicente, doc. XCII, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 194.

[515] Menéndez Pidal, R. La España del Cid, II, p. 725, cited in Torres (1999), p. 194.

[516] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, IV, p. 380.

[517] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, IV, p. 380.

[518] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[519] Oviedo Cathedral, docs. 81 and 66, cited in Torres (1999), p. 101.

[520] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[521] Fernández Martín, L. ‘Registro de escrituras del monasterio de San Salvador de Celorio, 1070-1567’, Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 27 (1973), pp. 33-139 [information provided by Mara González Morejón].

[522] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[523] Fernández Martín ‘San Salvador de Celorio’ (1973), pp. 33-139 [information provided by Mara González Morejón].

[524] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[525] Jusué, E. (1912) Libro de la Regla o Cartulario de la antigua abadia de Santillana del Mar (Madrid) ("Santillana del Mar (Jusué)"), XXVI, p. 29.

[526] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[527] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XXVI, p. 29.

[528] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[529] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XXVI, p. 29.

[530] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XXVI, p. 29.

[531] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[532] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[533] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 56.

[534] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 56.

[535] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 56.

[536] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 56.

[537] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 56.

[538] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[539] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[540] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[541] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[542] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[543] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, VI, p. 383.

[544] Sanz Fuentes ‘San Vicente’ (1986), 1, p. 96.

[545] Testamentos de la Catedral de Oviedo, Appendice documental, V, p. 382.

[546] Sahagún, Tomo I, 318.

[547] Sahagún, Tomo I, 353.

[548] Sahagún, Tomo II, 386, p. 30.

[549] Sahagún, Tomo II, 404, p. 49.

[550] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 767, p. 345.

[551] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XLIV, p. 58.

[552] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[553] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XLIV, p. 58.

[554] Martínez Sopena, P. 'Parentesco y poder en León durante el siglo XI. La "casata" de Alfonso Díaz´, Studia Historica, Historia Medieval No. 5 (1987), p. 70.

[555] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[556] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[557] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[558] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[559] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[560] Sahagún, Tomo II, 426, p. 77.

[561] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[562] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[563] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[564] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXVI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tome II, 480, p. 147.

[565] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[566] Tordesillas, 5, p. 5.

[567] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[568] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[569] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCIV, p. 463.

[570] Martínez Sopena 'Parentesco y poder´, p. 70, citing Herrero Sahagún, no. 59.

[571] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXVI, p. 455.

[572] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1051, p. 231.

[573] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCIV, p. 463.

[574] Sahagún, Tomo II, 474, p. 138.

[575] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[576] Sahagún, Tomo II, 606, p. 301.

[577] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[578] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[579] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[580] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 353.

[581] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[582] Sahagún, Tomo II, 723, p. 447.

[583] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[584] Sahagún, Tomo III, 764, p. 45.

[585] Sahagún, Tomo III, 795, p. 86.

[586] Sahagún, Tomo III, 823, p. 121.

[587] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[588] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[589] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[590] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[591] Sahagún, Tomo III, 764, p. 45.

[592] Sahagún, Tomo III, 816, p. 113.

[593] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[594] Sahagún, Tomo II, 606, p. 301.

[595] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[596] Sahagún, Tomo III, 795, p. 86.

[597] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[598] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[599] Sahagún, Tomo III, 737, p. 12.

[600] Sahagún, Tomo III, 763, p. 43.

[601] Sahagún, Tomo III, 816, p. 113.

[602] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura CXXXVIII, p. 505.

[603] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[604] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1174, p. 7.

[605] Sahagún, Tomo III, 728, p. 3.

[606] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[607] Sahagún, Tomo III, 728, p. 3.

[608] Sahagún, Tomo III, 786, p. 76.

[609] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1174, p. 7.

[610] Sahagún, Tomo III, 728, p. 3.

[611] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1201, p. 467.

[612] Sahagún, Tomo III, 786, p. 76.

[613] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 184.

[614] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1318, p. 644.

[615] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice CV, p. 434.

[616] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[617] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. II, 185, p. 128.

[618] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1174, p. 7.

[619] Sahagún, Tomo II, 636, p. 342.

[620] Sahagún, Tomo II, 695, p. 415.

[621] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1174, p. 7.

[622] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[623] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[624] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[625] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXVIII, p. 217.

[626] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[627] Núñez Contreras (1977), 2, p. 444.

[628] Sahagún, Tomo II, 474, p. 138.

[629] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[630] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[631] Sahagún, Tomo III, 806, p. 99.

[632] Sahagún, Tomo II, 620, p. 322.

[633] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[634] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1196, p. 457.

[635] Sahagún, Tomo II, 544, p. 235.

[636] Sahagún, Tomo II, 620, p. 322.

[637] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[638] Sahagún, Tomo II, 620, p. 322.

[639] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIX, p. 458, and Sahagún, Tomo, II, 531, p. 236.

[640] Sahagún, Tomo II, 544, p. 235.

[641] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[642] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[643] Sahagún, Tomo II, 643, p. 352.

[644] Sahagún, Tomo II, 715, p. 439.

[645] Sahagún, Tomo II, 718, p. 442.

[646] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1196, p. 457.

[647] Sahagún, Tomo II, 474, p. 138.

[648] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[649] Sahagún, Tomo II, 620, p. 322.

[650] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1196, p. 457.

[651] Sahagún, Tomo III, 766, p. 50.

[652] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1174, p. 7.

[653] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[654] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[655] Sahagún, Tomo II, 426, p. 77.

[656] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[657] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[658] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[659] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[660] Tordesillas, 5, p. 5.

[661] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[662] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[663] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[664] Sahagún, Tomo II, 426, p. 77.

[665] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[666] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[667] Sahagún, Tomo II, 527, p. 209.

[668] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460.

[669] Guerrero Lafuente & Álvarez Castillo ´Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos´, Tome II, 6, p. 182.

[670] Arlanza, LV, p. 114.

[671] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 292, p. 282.

[672] Sahagún, Tomo II, 598, p. 292.

[673] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[674] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1144, p. 370.

[675] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1176, p. 418.

[676] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 700, 421.

[677] Sahagún, Tomo II, 706, p. 429.

[678] Sahagún, Tomo III, 760, p. 38.

[679] Sahagún, Tomo III, 806, p. 99.

[680] Sahagún, Tomo II, 426, p. 77.

[681] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[682] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[683] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[684] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[685] Sahagún, Tomo III, 893, p. 208.

[686] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[687] Sahagún, Tomo III, 931, p. 259.

[688] Sahagún, Tomo III, 946, p. 276.

[689] Sahagún, Tomo III, 952, p. 282.

[690] Sahagún, Tomo III, 953, p. 285.

[691] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1009, p. 346.

[692] Sahagún, Tomo II, 686, p. 404.

[693] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[694] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[695] Sahagún, Tomo II, 695, p. 415.

[696] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XCVII, p. 245.

[697] Sahagún, Tomo II, 693, p. 413.

[698] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[699] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[700] Sahagún, Tomo II, 722, p. 446.

[701] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1237, p. 519.

[702] Nájera Santa María 25, p. 45.

[703] Sahagún (Index), 1203, p. 277.

[704] San Zoilo de Carrión, 11, p. 24.

[705] Sahagún, Tomo III, 867, p. 176.

[706] Sahagún, Tomo III, 868, p. 178.

[707] Sahagún, Tomo III, 867, p. 176.

[708] San Zoilo de Carrión 19, p. 35.

[709] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[710] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[711] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[712] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[713] Sahagún, Tomo II, 706, p. 429.

[714] Sahagún, Tomo II, 722, p. 446.

[715] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[716] Sahagún, Tomo III, 810, p. 105.

[717] Sahagún, Tomo III, 932, p. 261.

[718] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[719] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[720] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[721] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, I, p. 1.

[722] Férotin, D. M. (ed.) (1897) (Paris) Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Silos (“Silos”), 21, p. 27.

[723] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1262, p. 557.

[724] Sahagún, Tomo III, 867, p. 176.

[725] San Zoilo de Carrión, 15, p. 30.

[726] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1028, p. 365.

[727] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura CXXXIV, p. 501.

[728] Considering the marriage dates of the couple's daughters, this marriage must have taken place around [1065].

[729] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[730] Sahagún, Tomo II, 686, p. 404.

[731] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[732] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[733] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 700, 421.

[734] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[735] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[736] Sahagún, Tomo III, 770, p. 54.

[737] Sahagún, Tomo II, 686, p. 404.

[738] Sahagún, Tomo II, 686, p. 404.

[739] Sahagún, Tomo II, 686, p. 404.

[740] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[741] Sahagún, Tomo II, 547, p. 238.

[742] Sahagún, Tomo II, 598, p. 292.

[743] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1144, p. 370.

[744] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[745] Sahagún, Tomo II, 547, p. 238.

[746] Guerrero Lafuente & Álvarez Castillo ´Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos´, Tome II, 6, p. 182.

[747] Arlanza, LV, p. 114.

[748] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 292, p. 282.

[749] Sahagún, Tomo II, 598, p. 292.

[750] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[751] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1144, p. 370.

[752] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[753] Sahagún, Tomo II, 655, p. 366.

[754] Sahagún, Tomo II, 674, p. 388.

[755] Sahagún, Tomo II, 676, p. 391.

[756] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[757] Sahagún, Tomo II, 695, p. 415.

[758] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 700, 421.

[759] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 700, 421.

[760] Sahagún, Tomo III, 760, p. 38.

[761] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1079, p. 425.

[762] Sahagún, Tomo II, 547, p. 238.

[763] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[764] Sahagún, Tomo II, 677, p. 392.

[765] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[766] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 700, 421.

[767] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[768] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 275, p. 384.

[769] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1079, p. 425.

[770] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1079, p. 425.

[771] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1079, p. 425.

[772] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1079, p. 425.

[773] Sahagún, Tomo II, 405, p. 51.

[774] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[775] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[776] Sahagún, Tomo II, 408, p. 55.

[777] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[778] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[779] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[780] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[781] Sahagún, Tomo II, 666, p. 378.

[782] Sahagún, Tomo II, 666, p. 378.

[783] Sahagún, Tomo III, 888, p. 203.

[784] Sahagún, Tomo III, 888, p. 203.

[785] Sahagún, Tomo III, 888, p. 203.

[786] Sahagún, Tomo III, 889, p. 204.

[787] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[788] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, I, p. 1.

[789] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, II, p. 7.

[790] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[791] Sahagún, Tomo II, 682, p. 399.

[792] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[793] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, I, p. 1.

[794] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, II, p. 7.

[795] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[796] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[797] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[798] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[799] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1158, p. 533.

[800] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[801] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1158, p. 533.

[802] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1075, p. 420.

[803] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1158, p. 533.

[804] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1166, p. 544.

[805] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1166, p. 544.

[806] Sahagún, Tomo II, 549, p. 241.

[807] Martínez Sopena, P. ‘Parentesco y poder en León durante el siglo XI. La “Casata” de Alfonso Díaz’, Studia Historica. Historia Medieval, No. 5 (1987), p. 76, available at <http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=106475> (15 Dec 2012).

[808] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[809] Sahagún, Tomo II, 637, p. 343.

[810] Sahagún, Tomo II, 664, p. 376.

[811] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 272, p. 380.

[812] Sahagún, Tomo II, 702, p. 424.

[813] Sahagún, Tomo III, 744, p. 20.

[814] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XXXIV, p. 40.

[815] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[816] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[817] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[818] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[819] Sahagún, Tomo II, 508, p. 182.

[820] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1051, p. 231.

[821] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[822] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[823] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[824] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[825] Sahagún, Tomo II, 508, p. 182.

[826] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIX, p. 458, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 531, p. 216.

[827] Sahagún, Tomo II, 544, p. 235.

[828] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[829] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[830] Sahagún, Tomo II, 648, p. 358.

[831] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIX, p. 458, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 531, p. 216.

[832] Sahagún, Tomo II, 544, p. 235.

[833] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[834] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[835] Sahagún, Tomo II, 643, p. 352.

[836] Sahagún, Tomo II, 715, p. 439.

[837] Sahagún, Tomo II, 718, p. 442.

[838] Sahagún, Tomo II, 532, p. 218.

[839] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[840] Sahagún, Tomo II, 643, p. 352.

[841] Sahagún, Tomo II, 532, p. 218.

[842] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[843] Sahagún, Tomo II, 715, p. 439.

[844] Sahagún, Tomo III, 964, p. 296.

[845] Sahagún, Tomo II, 532, p. 218.

[846] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[847] Sahagún, Tomo II, 715, p. 439.

[848] Sahagún, Tomo III, 938, p. 269.

[849] Sahagún, Tomo III, 964, p. 296.

[850] Sahagún, Tomo II, 532, p. 218.

[851] Sahagún, Tomo II, 640, p. 347.

[852] Sahagún, Tomo II, 715, p. 439.

[853] Sahagún, Tomo III, 964, p. 296.

[854] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 4, p. 97.

[855] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 9, p. 103.

[856] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 4, p. 97.

[857] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 9, p. 103.

[858] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1040, p. 378.

[859] Sahagún, Tomo III, 759, p. 37.

[860] Sahagún, Tomo III, 759, p. 37.

[861] Sahagún, Tomo III, 956, p. 289.

[862] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1013, p. 350.

[863] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1077, p. 422.

[864] Sahagún, Tomo III, 956, p. 289.

[865] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1077, p. 422.

[866] Sahagún, Tomo III, 759, p. 37.

[867] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1077, p. 422.

[868] Martínez Sopena ‘Parentesco y poder en León’ (1987), p. 76.

[869] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[870] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[871] Sahagún, Tomo II, 547, p. 238.

[872] Sahagún, Tomo II, 573, p. 266.

[873] Sahagún, Tomo II, 598, p. 292.

[874] Sahagún, Tomo II, 544, p. 235.

[875] Sahagún, Tomo II, 620, p. 322.

[876] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[877] Sahagún, Tomo II, 634, p. 339.

[878] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[879] Sahagún, Tomo II, 682, p. 399.

[880] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[881] Mañueco Villalobos, M. & Zurita Nieto, J. (1917) Documentos de la Iglesia Colegial de Santa María la Mayor de Valladolid (Valladolid) ("Valladolid Santa María"), Tome I, I, p. 1.

[882] Valladolid Santa María, Tome I, II, p. 7.

[883] Sahagún, Tomo II, 681, p. 398.

[884] Sahagún, Tomo II, 682, p. 399.

[885] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[886] Sahagún, Tomo II, 637, p. 343.

[887] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[888] Sahagún, Tomo II, 641, p. 350.

[889] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[890] Sahagún, Tomo II, 655, p. 366.

[891] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[892] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[893] Sahagún, Tomo II, 691, p. 410.

[894] Sahagún, Tomo III, 728, p. 3.

[895] Sahagún, Tomo III, 764, p. 45.

[896] Sahagún, Tomo III, 770, p. 54.

[897] Sahagún, Tomo III, 777, p. 64.

[898] Sahagún, Tomo III, 795, p. 86.

[899] Sahagún, Tomo III, 810, p. 105.

[900] Sahagún, Tomo III, 820, p. 118.

[901] Sahagún, Tomo III, 858, p. 164.

[902] Sahagún, Tomo III, 867, p. 176.

[903] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[904] Sahagún, Tomo III, 911, p. 229.

[905] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[906] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1021, p. 357.

[907] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[908] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1064, p. 408.

[909] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[910] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[911] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1064, p. 408.

[912] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1123, p. 482.

[913] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[914] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1064, p. 408.

[915] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1123, p. 482.

[916] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1173, p. 6.

[917] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[918] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1064, p. 408.

[919] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1123, p. 482.

[920] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1173, p. 6.

[921] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1063, p. 407.

[922] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1064, p. 408.

[923] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1123, p. 482.

[924] Sahagún, Tomo II, 691, p. 410.

[925] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[926] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[927] Cadenas Allende, F. 'Los Flagínez: una familia leonesa de hace mil años', Estudios genealógicos, heráldicos y nobiliarios en honor de Vicente Cadenas y Vicent, I (Madrid, 1978), pp. 177-221, 202.

[928] Torres (1999), pp. 135-6.

[929] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas", Vol. I, 1, p. 47.

[930] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 9, p. 19.

[931] Ibn Hayyan, Crónica del califa Abdarrahman III an-Nasir entre los años 941 y 942, trad. M. J. Viguera and P. Corriente (Zaragoza, 1981) ["Al-Muqtabis V]", p. 244, cited in Torres (1999), p. 135.

[932] San Pedro de Montes, 1, p. 79.

[933] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 38, p. 56.

[934] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 41, p. 64.

[935] San Pedro de Montes, 6, p. 87 (classified as spurious by the editor).

[936] Ubieto Arteta, A. (ed.) (1981) Cartulario de Albelda (Zaragoza) ("Albelda"), 9, p. 19.

[937] Albelda 15, p. 24.

[938] Albelda 16, p. 25.

[939] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 6, p. 54.

[940] Sahagún, Tomo I, 175.

[941] Sahagún, Tomo I, 179.

[942] Sahagún, Tomo I, 255.

[943] CDS, docs. 284, 290, 313.

[944] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 498, p. 309.

[945] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 508, p. 319.

[946] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 730, p. 294.

[947] Martínez Sopena (1985), p. 342.

[948] Sahagún, Tomo I, 179.

[949] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 486, p. 292.

[950] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 730, p. 294.

[951] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 486, p. 292.

[952] Martínez Sopena (1985), p. 342.

[953] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 425, p. 217.

[954] Martínez Sopena (1985), p. 342.

[955] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 486, p. 292.

[956] Martínez Sopena (1985), p. 342.

[957] Sahagún, Tomo I, 84.

[958] Ibn Hayyan, Crónica del califa Abdarrahman III an-Nasir entre los años 941 y 942, trad. M. J. Viguera and P. Corriente (Zaragoza, 1981) ["Al-Muqtabis V]", p. 244, cited in Torres (1999), p. 135.

[959] Al-Muqtabis V, p. 244, cited in Torres (1999), p. 135.

[960] San Pedro de Montes, 6, p. 87 (classified as spurious by the editor).

[961] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 45, p. 75.

[962] Sahagún, Tomo I, 84.

[963] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 6, p. 54.

[964] Sahagún, Tomo I, 107.

[965] CDS, docs. 114 and 130.

[966] Torres (1999), pp. 135-6.

[967] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 286, p. 47.

[968] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 11, p. 58.

[969] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 6, p. 54.

[970] Sahagún, Tomo I, 107.

[971] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 286, p. 47.

[972] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 11, p. 58.

[973] CDS, docs. 201 and 213.

[974] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[975] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 17, p. 65.

[976] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 26, p. 78.

[977] Torres (1999), p. 137.

[978] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 27, p. 79.

[979] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 31, p. 85.

[980] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 39, p. 95.

[981] Sahagún, Tomo I, 279.

[982] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[983] Torres (1999), p. 136.

[984] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 27, p. 79.

[985] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 31, p. 85.

[986] Sahagún, Tomo I, 353.

[987] Sahagún, Tomo I, 355.

[988] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[989] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[990] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 180.

[991] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[992] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 655, p. 193.

[993] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[994] CCL, doc. 44 V, cited in Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 181.

[995] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 352.

[996] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[997] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[998] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[999] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[1000] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 180.

[1001] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[1002] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[1003] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 26, p. 78.

[1004] Sahagún, Tomo II, 375, p. 17.

[1005] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 26, p. 78.

[1006] Sahagún, Tomo II, 371, p. 13.

[1007] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[1008] Sahagún, Tomo I, 342.

[1009] Sahagún, Tomo I, 345.

[1010] Sahagún, Tomo II, 375, p. 17.

[1011] Sahagún, Tomo II, 376, p. 18.

[1012] Sahagún, Tomo II, 394, p. 39.

[1013] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[1014] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 67, p. 127.

[1015] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[1016] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 709, p. 268.

[1017] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1018] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1019] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1020] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 188, p. 275.

[1021] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1022] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1023] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[1024] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1025] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1164, p. 401.

[1026] Torres (1999), p. 154.

[1027] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 185, the author implying that the parents are not linked explicitly with their supposed daughter in the document he cites.

[1028] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 185.

[1029] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 67, p. 127.

[1030] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1031] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 188, p. 275.

[1032] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1033] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1034] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1035] Núñez Contreras (1977), 13, p. 472.

[1036] Núñez Contreras (1977), 14, p. 475.

[1037] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1038] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1039] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[1040] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 236, p. 335.

[1041] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1042] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1043] Casado Lobato, C. (1983) Colección diplomática del monasterio de Carrizo Vol. I (969-1260) (León) ("Carrizo"), Vol. I, 2, p. 2.

[1044] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 255, p. 359.

[1045] Sahagún, Tomo II, 662, p. 374.

[1046] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 186.

[1047] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 236, p. 335.

[1048] Sahagún, Tomo II, 662, p. 374.

[1049] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1050] Carrizo, Vol. I, 2, p. 2.

[1051] Sahagún, Tomo II, 662, p. 374.

[1052] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1053] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 272, p. 380.

[1054] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 280, p. 393.

[1055] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 280, p. 393.

[1056] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1057] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 255, p. 359.

[1058] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 267, p. 375.

[1059] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 272, p. 380.

[1060] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 280, p. 393.

[1061] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 261, p. 367.

[1062] Sahagún, Tomo III, 754, p. 31.

[1063] Sahagún, Tomo III, 811, p. 107.

[1064] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[1065] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[1066] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1067] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1068] Sahagún, Tomo II, 637, p. 343.

[1069] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice CXII, p. 436.

[1070] Sahagún, Tomo III, 744, p. 20.

[1071] Sahagún, Tomo II, 637, p. 343.

[1072] Sahagún, Tomo II, 664, p. 376.

[1073] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 268, p. 376.

[1074] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 272, p. 380.

[1075] Sahagún, Tomo II, 702, p. 424.

[1076] Sahagún, Tomo II, 713, p. 437.

[1077] Sahagún, Tomo III, 744, p. 20.

[1078] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 253, p. 356.

[1079] Sahagún, Tomo II, 664, p. 376.

[1080] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 268, p. 376.

[1081] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 272, p. 380.

[1082] Sahagún, Tomo II, 702, p. 424.

[1083] Sahagún, Tomo II, 713, p. 437.

[1084] Sahagún, Tomo II, 664, p. 376.

[1085] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 268, p. 376.

[1086] Sahagún, Tomo II, 664, p. 376.

[1087] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 268, p. 376.

[1088] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[1089] Sahagún, Tomo III, 782, p. 71.

[1090] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1091] Canal Sánchez-Pagín, J.M. 'El Conde Leonés Don Fruela Díaz y su Esposa, la Navarra Doña Estefanía Sánchez (siglos XI-XII)', Príncipe de Viana 47 (1986), 3, p. 38.

[1092] Cadenas Allende (1978), pp. 189-90.

[1093] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1083, p. 275.

[1094] Otero, doc. 176, cited in Torres (1999), p. 157.

[1095] España Sagrada, Tome XXVI, VI, p. 455.

[1096] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 530, p. 213.

[1097] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXVIII, p. 217.

[1098] Sahagún, Tomo II, 516, p. 194.

[1099] España Sagrada, Tome XXVI, VI, p. 455.

[1100] Sahagún, Tomo III, 806, p. 99.

[1101] Sahagún, Tomo II, 599, p. 293.

[1102] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1103] Sahagún, Tomo II, 498, p. 169.

[1104] Sahagún, Tomo II, 516, p. 194.

[1105] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 530, p. 213.

[1106] Arlanza, LV, p. 114.

[1107] Sahagún, Tomo II, 516, p. 194.

[1108] Sahagún, Tomo II, 599, p. 293.

[1109] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1110] Sahagún, Tomo II, 430, p. 83.

[1111] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1112] Sahagún, Tomo II, 391, p. 36.

[1113] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1114] Sahagún, Tomo II, 430, p. 83.

[1115] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1116] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1117] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1118] Sahagún, Tomo II, 467, p. 128.

[1119] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 314, p. 262.

[1120] Sahagún, Tomo II, 512, p. 187.

[1121] Sahagún, Tomo II, 527, p. 209.

[1122] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 530, p. 213.

[1123] Guerrero Lafuente & Álvarez Castillo ´Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos´, Tome II, 6, p. 182.

[1124] Arlanza, LV, p. 114.

[1125] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 292, p. 282.

[1126] Sahagún, Tomo II, 598, p. 292.

[1127] Sahagún, Tomo II, 599, p. 293.

[1128] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[1129] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1144, p. 370.

[1130] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1176, p. 418.

[1131] España Sagrada XXVII, VI, p. 455.

[1132] Sahagún, Tomo II, 703, p. 426.

[1133] Sahagún, Tomo II, 706, p. 429.

[1134] España Sagrada, Tome XXVI, VI, p. 455.

[1135] Sahagún, Tomo III, 760, p. 38.

[1136] Sahagún, Tomo III, 806, p. 99.

[1137] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 408.

[1138] España Sagrada, Tome XXVI, VI, p. 455.

[1139] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1140] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[1141] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[1142] Sahagún, Tomo III, 972, p. 302.

[1143] Sahagún, Tomo II, 679, p. 395.

[1144] Sahagún, Tomo III, 731, p. 7.

[1145] Sahagún, Tomo III, 850, p. 155.

[1146] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 106, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 380.

[1147] Sahagún, Tomo III, 981, p. 312.

[1148] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1100, p. 453.

[1149] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1124, p. 484.

[1150] Sahagún, Tomo III, 972, p. 302.

[1151] Sahagún, Tomo III, 982, p. 313.

[1152] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1164, p. 541.

[1153] Sahagún, Tomo III, 982, p. 313.

[1154] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1164, p. 541.

[1155] Sahagún, Tomo III, 972, p. 302.

[1156] Sahagún, Tomo III, 972, p. 302.

[1157] Sahagún, Tomo II, 566, p. 259.

[1158] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[1159] Sahagún, Tomo III, 893, p. 208.

[1160] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[1161] Sahagún, Tomo III, 931, p. 259.

[1162] Sahagún, Tomo III, 932, p. 261.

[1163] Sahagún, Tomo III, 946, p. 276.

[1164] Sahagún, Tomo III, 952, p. 282.

[1165] Sahagún, Tomo III, 953, p. 285.

[1166] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1009, p. 346.

[1167] Sahagún, Tomo III, 729, p. 4.

[1168] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[1169] Sahagún, Tomo III, 932, p. 261.

[1170] Sahagún, Tomo II, 381, p. 24.

[1171] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 82, p. 146.

[1172] CCL, doc. 44 V, cited in Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 181.

[1173] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 709, p. 268.

[1174] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1175] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1176] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1177] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1178] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[1179] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXVIII, p. 217.

[1180] Sahagún, Tomo II, 423, p. 73.

[1181] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[1182] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1183] Cadenas Allende (1978), pp. 181-2.

[1184] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1185] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[1186] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1187] Sahagún, Tomo II, 423, p. 73.

[1188] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1189] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1190] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1191] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1192] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[1193] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1038, p. 213.

[1194] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[1195] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1114, p. 321.

[1196] Torres (1999), p. 144.

[1197] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[1198] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1038, p. 213.

[1199] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1136, p. 360.

[1200] Cadenas Allende (1978), p. 183.

[1201] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1136, p. 360.

[1202] Sahagún, Tomo II, 711, p. 435.

[1203] Sahagún, Tomo II, 722, p. 446.

[1204] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 412.

[1205] Sahagún, Tomo III, 877, p. 187.

[1206] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1065, p. 409.

[1207] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1130, p. 494.

[1208] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1133, p. 499.

[1209] Torres (1999), p. 145, which does not provide the citation reference.

[1210] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1114, p. 321.

[1211] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1136, p. 360.

[1212] Sahagún, Tomo II, 711, p. 435.

[1213] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1214] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1047, p. 222.

[1215] Sahagún, Tomo II, 648, p. 358.

[1216] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1175, p. 416.

[1217] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 275, p. 384.

[1218] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1237, p. 519.

[1219] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1220] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1221] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1222] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1223] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[1224] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[1225] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[1226] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[1227] Sahagún, Tomo III, 827, p. 129.

[1228] Sahagún, Tomo III, 833, p. 137.

[1229] Sahagún, Tomo III, 878, p. 188.

[1230] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[1231] Sahagún, Tomo III, 992, p. 327.

[1232] Sahagún, Tomo III, 992, p. 327.

[1233] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1008, p. 345.

[1234] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1021, p. 357.

[1235] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1100, p. 453.

[1236] Sahagún, Tomo II, 679, p. 395.

[1237] Sahagún, Tomo III, 731, p. 7.

[1238] Sahagún, Tomo III, 850, p. 155.

[1239] Oviedo Cathedral, doc. 106, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 380.

[1240] Sahagún, Tomo III, 981, p. 312.

[1241] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1100, p. 453.

[1242] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1124, p. 484.

[1243] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1100, p. 453.

[1244] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1245] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[1246] Sahagún, Tomo II, 475, p. 140.

[1247] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[1248] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1249] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1250] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1251] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1252] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1253] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1254] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1255] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 33 footnote 52.

[1256] San Vicente de Oviedo, information provided by Mara González Morejón in private emails to the author dated 31 Aug and 1 Sep 2013.

[1257] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 90, p. 156.

[1258] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1259] Sahagún, Tomo II, 404, p. 49.

[1260] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 763, p. 341.

[1261] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1262] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1263] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1264] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1265] Sahagún, Tomo II, 408, p. 55.

[1266] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[1267] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1268] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1269] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[1270] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 838, p. 441.

[1271] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[1272] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXVIII, p. 217.

[1273] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XC, p. 221.

[1274] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1275] Prieto Prieto 'El conde Fruela Muñoz' (1975), p. 7, cited in García Leal ´Los condes Fruela Muñoz y Pedro Flaínez´, p. 7.

[1276] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1277] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 92.

[1278] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 48.

[1279] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1280] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 224, p. 320.

[1281] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 94.

[1282] Corias, information supplied by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 18 Apr 2008.

[1283] Sahagún, Tomo II, 408, p. 55.

[1284] San Juan de Corias, p. 125 (Regestalia).

[1285] Núñez Contreras (1977), 6, p. 453.

[1286] El Registro de Corias (2000), p. 48.

[1287] San Juan de Corias, 3 (Regestalia).

[1288] Sahagún, Tomo II, 497, p. 168.

[1289] San Vicente de Oviedo, information provided by Mara González Morejón in private emails to the author dated 31 Aug and 1 Sep 2013.

[1290] San Juan de Corias, p. 70 (Regestalia).

[1291] San Juan de Corias, p. 125 (Regestalia).

[1292] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[1293] San Juan de Corias, p. 132 (Regestalia).

[1294] San Juan de Corias, p. 171 (Regestalia).

[1295] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[1296] Fernández Martín ‘San Salvador de Celorio’ (1973), pp. 33-139 [information provided by Mara González Morejón].

[1297] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[1298] Fernández Martín ‘San Salvador de Celorio’ (1973), pp. 33-139 [information provided by Mara González Morejón].

[1299] Oviedo Cathedral, information provided by Mara González Morejón in a private email to the author dated 31 Aug 2013.

[1300] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1301] Torres (1999), pp. 236-9.

[1302] Martínez Díez, G. ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Actas del III Congreso de Historia de Palencia (1995), Tome II, p. 551.

[1303] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 554.

[1304] Torres (1999), p. 238.

[1305] Cronica de Sampiro 19, in Historia Silense (Pérez), p. 164.

[1306] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 123, p. 192.

[1307] Sahagún, Tomo I, 84.

[1308] Sahagún, Tomo I, 93.

[1309] Sahagún, Tomo I, 97.

[1310] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[1311] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 560, citing Pérez de Urbel, J. (1945) Historia del condado de Castilla (Madrid), Vol. I, p. 468, Montenegro Valentín, J. (1993) Santa María de Piasca. Estudio de un territorio a través de un centro monástico (857-1252) (Valladolid), p. 166, and Justiniano Rodríguez, J. (1972) Ramiro II rey de León (Madrid), p. 427 (none yet consulted).

[1312] Sahagún, Tomo I, 93.

[1313] Vega, 2, p. 3.

[1314] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 560, citing Montenegro Valentín, J. (1993) Santa María de Piasca. Estudio de un territorio a través de un centro monástico (857-1252) (Valladolid), p. 166 (not yet consulted).

[1315] Vega, 2, p. 3.

[1316] Sahagún, Tomo I, 176.

[1317] Torres (1999), p. 247.

[1318] Zabalza Duque (1998), pp. 130-1.

[1319] García Álvarez, M. R. ‘La Reina Velasquita, nieta de Munidomna Díaz?’, Revista de Guimarães, 70 (1960), pp. 204-5 (consulted at <www.csarmento.uminho.pt/docs/ndat/rg/RG070_10.pdf> [15 Nov 2012]), citing Biblioteca Nacional, Sección de Manuscritos, códice no. 18.387, fols. 275 v-276 r, copy of escritura 6 of the now lost Tumbo de Samos.

[1320] García Álvarez ‘La Reina Velasquita’ (1960), pp. 204-5, citing Biblioteca Nacional, Sección de Manuscritos, códice no. 18.387, fols. 275 v-276 r, copy of escritura 6 of the now lost Tumbo de Samos.

[1321] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 123, p. 192.

[1322] Zabalza Duque (1998), pp. 174 and 229.

[1323] Zabalza Duque (1998), p. 174.

[1324] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 554, quoting Viguera y Corriente (trans.) (1981) Ibn Hayyan, Crónica del califa Abdarrahman III, An-Nasir, entre los años 912 and 942 (Al Muqtabis V) (Zaragoza), p. 244.

[1325] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 555.

[1326] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 555, citing Rodríguez Fernández, J. (1972) Ramiro II rey de León (Madrid), p. 620 (not yet consulted).

[1327] Yepes (1617), Tomo VI, Apendix, XV, p. 460.

[1328] Sahagún, Tomo I, 76.

[1329] Sahagún, Tomo I, 93.

[1330] Pérez de Urbel, J. and González Ruiz-Zorrilla, A. (eds.) (1959) Historia Silense (Madrid), Cronica de Sampiro 23, p. 167.

[1331] Torres (1999), p. 211.

[1332] Sahagún, Tomo I, 98.

[1333] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[1334] Vega, 2, p. 3.

[1335] Sahagún, Tomo I, 129.

[1336] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[1337] Yepes (1617), Tomo VI, Apendix, XV, p. 460.

[1338] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 559.

[1339] Yepes (1617), Tomo VI, Apendix, XV, p. 460.

[1340] Torres (1999), p. 245.

[1341] Yepes (1617), Tomo VI, Apendix, XV, p. 460.

[1342] Sahagún, Tomo I, 176.

[1343] Sahagún, Tomo I, 261.

[1344] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 415, p. 205.

[1345] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1346] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[1347] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284, 290, 331, 333 and 334

[1348] Sahagún, Tomo I, 288.

[1349] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIV, p. 452.

[1350] Sahagun II, 444, p. 100, quoted in Salazar y Acha, J. de ´Urraca, Un nombre egregio en la onomástica altomedieval´, En la España medieval, Anejo I, 2006, p. 36, available at <http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistasBUC/portal/modulos.php?name=Revistas2_Historico&id=ELEM&num=ELEM060622> (10 Feb 2008).

[1351] Sahagún, Tomo I, 318.

[1352] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1353] Sahagún, Tomo II, 372, p. 14.

[1354] Torres (1999), pp. 259-61.

[1355] Torres (1999), p. 266.

[1356] Sahagún, Tomo II, 384, p. 28.

[1357] Sahagún, Tomo II, 386, p. 30.

[1358] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIV, p. 452.

[1359] Sahagún, Tomo II, 384, p. 28.

[1360] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXIV, p. 452.

[1361] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1362] Torres (1999), p. 265.

[1363] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1364] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1365] Torres (1999), pp. 268-9.

[1366] Muñoz Romero (1847), Tome I, p. 47.

[1367] Torres (1999), p. 344.

[1368] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXXI, p. 449.

[1369] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1370] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1371] Sahagún, Tomo II, 602, p. 296.

[1372] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1373] San Salvador de Oña (1950) I, 8, p. 11.

[1374] Salazar y Acha, J. de ´Urraca, Un nombre egregio en la onomástica altomedieval´, En la España medieval, Anejo I, 2006, p. 36, available at <http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistasBUC/portal/modulos.php?name=Revistas2_Historico&id=ELEM&num=ELEM060622> (10 Feb 2008), citing Salazar y Acha, J. de ´Una hija desconocida de Sancho el Mayor, Reina de León´, Principe de Viana anejo 8 1988.

[1375] Sahagún (Pérez), Lib. I, cap. VIII.3, p. 44, quoting "Cax.16.leg.8.n.28".

[1376] Chronicon Sampiri, Asturicensis Episcopi, 28, España Sagrada, Tomo XIV, p. 471.

[1377] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1378] Sahagún, Tomo II, 386, p. 30.

[1379] Sánchez Belda, L. (ed.) (1948) Cartulario de Santo Toribio de Liébana (Madrid), 81, p. 95, cited in Salazar y Acha ´Urraca´.

[1380] Sahagún, Tomo II, 407, p. 53.

[1381] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXVIII, p. 447.

[1382] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[1383] Sahagún, Tomo II, 407, p. 53.

[1384] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXVIII, p. 447.

[1385] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[1386] Ruiz Asencio, J. M. and Ruiz Albi, I. (2000) Colección documental del monasterio de San Román de Entrepeñas (940-1608) (León), 2 (Regestalia).

[1387] Sahagún, Tomo II, 431, p. 84.

[1388] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 952, p. 75.

[1389] Sahagún, Tomo II, 496, p. 166.

[1390] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1166, p. 403.

[1391] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[1392] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 578.

[1393] Martínez Díez ´La familia condal de Carrión´, Tome II, p. 577, quoting Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1394] Sahagún, Tomo I, 271.

[1395] Salazar Acha 'Los Velas', p. 36.

[1396] Torres (1999), p. 67, citing López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXIX, p. 219.

[1397] Sahagún, Tomo I, 279.

[1398] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 22, p. 73.

[1399] Sahagún, Tomo I, 283.

[1400] Yepes (1617), Tomo VI, Apendix, XV, p. 460.

[1401] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 415, p. 205.

[1402] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[1403] CDS, docs 284, 290, 293, 313, 333 and 334.

[1404] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1405] Sahagún, Tomo I, 333.

[1406] Sáez, E. and Sáez, C. (eds.) (1996) Colección diplomática del monasterio de Celanova (Alcalá de Henares) (“Celanova”), Tome III, 229, p. 48.

[1407] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1408] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1038, p. 213.

[1409] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284, 290 and 331.

[1410] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1411] Sahagún, Tomo I, 333.

[1412] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 29, p. 82.

[1413] Sahagún, Tomo II, 386, p. 30.

[1414] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 415, p. 205.

[1415] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[1416] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 508, p. 319.

[1417] Celanova, Tome II, 198, p. 211.

[1418] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 29, p. 82.

[1419] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 90, p. 156.

[1420] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 425, p. 217.

[1421] Torres (1999), p. 246.

[1422] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1423] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284 and 313.

[1424] Sobrado, Vol. I, 107, p. 127.

[1425] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 411, p. 199.

[1426] Sahagún, Tomo I, 255.

[1427] Zabalza Duque (1998), p. 329.

[1428] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 415, p. 205.

[1429] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1430] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1431] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[1432] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[1433] Sahagún, Tomo I, 286.

[1434] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[1435] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1436] Santa María de Obona, 7, p. 303.

[1437] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1438] Núñez Contreras (1977), 8, p. 459.

[1439] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1440] Núñez Contreras (1977), 7, p. 456.

[1441] Núñez Contreras (1977), 8, p. 459.

[1442] Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 408.

[1443] Núñez Contreras (1977), 20, p. 490.

[1444] Sahagún, Tomo II, 527, p. 209.

[1445] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1144, p. 370.

[1446] Sahagún, Tomo III, 806, p. 99.

[1447] Sahagún, Tomo II, 527, p. 209.

[1448] Núñez Contreras (1977), 8, p. 459.

[1449] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[1450] Santa María de Obona, 7, p. 303.

[1451] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[1452] Sahagún, Tomo I, 255.

[1453] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1454] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1455] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1456] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284 and 290.

[1457] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284, 290 and 331.

[1458] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1459] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1460] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1461] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1462] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[1463] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1464] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 614, p. 140.

[1465] Sahagún, Tomo II, 395, p. 39.

[1466] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 614, p. 140.

[1467] Ruiz Asencio, J. M. and Ruiz Albi, I. (2000) Colección documental del monasterio de San Román de Entrepeñas (940-1608) (León), 2 (Regestalia).

[1468] Sahagún, Tomo II, 395, p. 39.

[1469] Sahagún, Tomo II, 407, p. 53.

[1470] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura LXXVIII, p. 447.

[1471] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[1472] Ruiz Asencio, J. M. and Ruiz Albi, I. (2000) Colección documental del monasterio de San Román de Entrepeñas (940-1608) (León), 2 (Regestalia).

[1473] Sahagún, Tomo II, 431, p. 84.

[1474] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 952, p. 75.

[1475] Sahagún, Tomo II, 496, p. 166.

[1476] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1166, p. 403.

[1477] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[1478] Sahagún, Tomo II, 496, p. 166.

[1479] Sahagún, Tomo II, 496, p. 166.

[1480] Sahagún, Tomo II, 685, p. 403.

[1481] Sahagún, Tomo II, 496, p. 166.

[1482] Sahagún, Tomo II, 685, p. 403.

[1483] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 530, p. 27.

[1484] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 556, p. 66.

[1485] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1486] Torres (1999), pp. 366-8.

[1487] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1488] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 556, p. 66.

[1489] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 970, p. 105.

[1490] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1491] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 623, p. 155.

[1492] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1493] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1494] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1495] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[1496] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 993, p. 146.

[1497] Torres (1999), p. 371.

[1498] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 993, p. 146.

[1499] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 993, p. 146.

[1500] Torres (1999), p. 373.

[1501] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1502] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1503] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1504] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[1505] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[1506] Sahagún, Tomo II, 508, p. 182.

[1507] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1508] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[1509] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[1510] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[1511] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCVII, p. 429.

[1512] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura CXXI, p. 486.

[1513] Sahagún, Tomo II, 520, p. 200.

[1514] Sahagún, Tomo II, 609, p. 305.

[1515] Sahagún, Tomo II, 679, p. 395.

[1516] Sahagún, Tomo III, 731, p. 7.

[1517] Sahagún, Tomo III, 850, p. 155.

[1518] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1519] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[1520] San Pedro de Cardeña, 249, p. 295.

[1521] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIV, p. 428.

[1522] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[1523] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 316, p. 304.

[1524] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice CXII, p. 436.

[1525] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[1526] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[1527] Rodríguez de Diego, J. L. (2004) Colección diplomática de Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo (852-1230) (Junta de Castilla y León) (“Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo”), 4, p. 97.

[1528] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 9, p. 103.

[1529] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 4, p. 97.

[1530] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 9, p. 103.

[1531] Sahagún, Tomo II, 508, p. 182.

[1532] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1533] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1534] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 625, p. 157.

[1535] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1536] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1537] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 753, p. 326.

[1538] Sahagún, Tomo II, 407, p. 53.

[1539] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 841, p. 443.

[1540] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 851, p. 456.

[1541] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 882, p. 494.

[1542] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 970, p. 105.

[1543] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1544] Núñez Contreras (1977), 20, p. 490.

[1545] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1546] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1547] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 743, p. 312.

[1548] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 314, p. 262.

[1549] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCI, p. 460, and Sahagún, Tomo II, 530, p. 213.

[1550] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1551] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1121, p. 332.

[1552] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1121, p. 332.

[1553] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1121, p. 332.

[1554] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 415, p. 205.

[1555] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1556] Sahagún, Tomo I, 261.

[1557] Torres (1999), p. 341.

[1558] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1559] Sahagún, Tomo II, 406, p. 51.

[1560] Sahagún, Tomo I, 261.

[1561] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[1562] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1563] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1564] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1565] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1566] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1567] Núñez Contreras (1977), 19, p. 488.

[1568] Arlanza, XLV, p. 93.

[1569] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1570] Calleja Puerta, M. ´Noticias documentales del archivo capitular de la catedral de Oviedo (ss. IX-XII)´, Acta Historica et archaeologica. Medievalia 25 (2003-2004) (Universidad de Barcelona), pp. 541-70, n^o. 9 (Regestalia).

[1571] Calleja Puerta, M. ´Noticias documentales del archivo capitular de la catedral de Oviedo (ss. IX-XII)´, Acta Historica et archaeologica. Medievalia 25 (2003-2004) (Universidad de Barcelona), pp. 541-70, n^o. 7 (Regestalia).

[1572] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1573] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1574] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1575] San Juan de la Peña, Vol. II, 71, p. 23.

[1576] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1047, p. 222.

[1577] Núñez Contreras (1977), 18, p. 484.

[1578] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1579] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice LXXXII, p. 417.

[1580] San Zoilo de Carrión, 1, p. 3.

[1581] Sahagún, Tomo I, 155.

[1582] Sahagún, Tomo I, 196.

[1583] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 411, p. 199.

[1584] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1585] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1586] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[1587] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[1588] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1589] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1590] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1591] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1592] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1593] Sahagún, Tomo I, 331.

[1594] Sahagún, Tomo I, 303.

[1595] Santillana del Mar (Jusué), XLIV, p. 58.

[1596] Martínez Sopena, P. 'Parentesco y poder en León durante el siglo XI. La "casata" de Alfonso Díaz´, Studia Historica, Historia Medieval No. 5 (1987), p. 70.

[1597] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[1598] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[1599] Sahagún, Tomo II, 421, p. 71.

[1600] Martínez Sopena 'Parentesco y poder´, p. 70, citing Herrero Sahagún, no. 59.

[1601] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1051, p. 231.

[1602] Sahagún (Pérez), Apéndice III, Escritura XCIV, p. 463.

[1603] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1051, p. 231.

[1604] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 4, p. 97.

[1605] Santa María de Aguilar de Campoo, 9, p. 103.

[1606] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1010, p. 175.

[1607] Sahagún, Tomo II, 508, p. 182.

[1608] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1051, p. 231.

[1609] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 299, p. 250.

[1610] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1087, p. 283.

[1611] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 411, p. 199.

[1612] Sahagún, Tomo I, 340.

[1613] Sahagún, Tomo I, 334.

[1614] Sahagún, Tomo I, 340.

[1615] Sahagún, Tomo II, 402, p. 47.

[1616] Sahagún, Tomo I, 340.

[1617] Sahagún, Tomo I, 175.

[1618] Sahagún, Tomo I, 342.

[1619] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[1620] Sahagún, Tomo II, 371, p. 13.

[1621] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[1622] Sahagún, Tomo I, 342.

[1623] Sahagún, Tomo I, 345.

[1624] Sahagún, Tomo II, 375, p. 17.

[1625] Sahagún, Tomo II, 376, p. 18.

[1626] Sahagún, Tomo II, 394, p. 39.

[1627] Sahagún, Tomo I, 328.

[1628] Sahagún, Tomo I, 342.

[1629] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1630] Sahagún, Tomo II, 588, p. 281.

[1631] Sahagún, Tomo II, 452, p. 109.

[1632] Sahagún, Tomo II, 703, p. 426.

[1633] Sahagún, Tomo II, 439, p. 93.

[1634] Sahagún, Tomo II, 482, p. 150.

[1635] Sahagún, Tomo II, 509, p. 183.

[1636] Sahagún, Tomo II, 562, p. 255.

[1637] Sahagún, Tomo II, 588, p. 281.

[1638] Sahagún, Tomo II, 684, p. 402.

[1639] Sahagún, Tomo II, 701, p. 423.

[1640] Sahagún, Tomo II, 703, p. 426.

[1641] Sahagún, Tomo II, 716, p. 440.

[1642] Sahagún, Tomo II, 716, p. 440.

[1643] Sahagún, Tomo II, 689, p. 408.

[1644] Sahagún, Tomo II, 701, p. 423.

[1645] Sahagún, Tomo II, 701, p. 423.

[1646] Sahagún, Tomo II, 704, p. 427.

[1647] Sahagún, Tomo II, 701, p. 423.

[1648] Sahagún, Tomo II, 704, p. 427.

[1649] Sahagún, Tomo III, 854, p. 160.

[1650] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1651] Sahagún, Tomo II, 704, p. 427.

[1652] Sahagún, Tomo III, 854, p. 160.

[1653] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1654] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1655] Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris II, 18, p. 212.

[1656] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1657] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1658] Sahagún, Tomo III, 904, p. 222.

[1659] Sahagún, Tomo II, 701, p. 423.

[1660] Sahagún, Tomo II, 652, p. 362.

[1661] Sahagún, Tomo II, 652, p. 362.

[1662] Sahagún, Tomo II, 653, p. 363.

[1663] Sahagún, Tomo II, 655, p. 366.

[1664] Sahagún, Tomo III, 764, p. 45.

[1665] Sahagún, Tomo III, 827, p. 129.

[1666] Sahagún, Tomo III, 805, p. 98.

[1667] Sahagún, Tomo III, 833, p. 137.

[1668] Sahagún, Tomo III, 878, p. 188.

[1669] Sahagún, Tomo III, 833, p. 137.

[1670] Sahagún, Tomo III, 879, p. 189.

[1671] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1672] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1105, p. 460.

[1673] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1674] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1675] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1676] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1184, p. 29.

[1677] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1225, p. 102.

[1678] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1243, p. 130.

[1679] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1680] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1681] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1682] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1683] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1684] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1685] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1686] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1687] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1225, p. 102.

[1688] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1243, p. 130.

[1689] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1095, p. 447.

[1690] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1691] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1225, p. 102.

[1692] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1243, p. 130.

[1693] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1694] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1225, p. 102.

[1695] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1243, p. 130.

[1696] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1105, p. 460.

[1697] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1119, p. 477.

[1698] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1125, p. 485.

[1699] Sahagún, Tomo II, 652, p. 362.

[1700] Sahagún, Tomo III, 868, p. 178.

[1701] Sahagún, Tomo III, 868, p. 178.

[1702] Sahagún, Tomo III, 868, p. 178.

[1703] Torres (1999), p. 95 footnote 326, citing Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, M. 'Munio Fernández y su descendencia. Vida, patrimonio y política familiar de un conde de Astorga', Astorica 14 (1995), pp. 153-6 and 172, and Ruiz Asencio, J. M. 'Rebeliones leonesas contra Vermudo II', León y su historia I (León, 1969), p. 226.

[1704] Sahagún, Tomo II, 379, p. 21.

[1705] Sahagún, Tomo II, 379, p. 21.

[1706] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1707] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1708] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1002, p. 158.

[1709] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1002, p. 158.

[1710] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1003, p. 161.

[1711] Astorga Cathedral, Vol. I, 354, p. 289.

[1712] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1114, p. 321.

[1713] Andrade, J. M. (ed.) (1995) El tumbo de San Julián de Samos (siglos VII-XII) (Santiago) (“Samos), doc. 13, quoted in Torres (1999), p. 114.

[1714] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1715] Herrero Jiménez, M. (ed.) (1994) Colección documental del archivo de la catedral de León, Vol. X, Obituarios medievales (León) (“León Cathedral Necrology”).

[1716] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1717] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1718] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1719] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1720] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1721] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1722] Sahagún, Tomo II, 615, p. 314.

[1723] Sahagún, Tomo II, 608, p. 304.

[1724] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1725] Sahagún, Tomo II, 423, p. 73.

[1726] San Millán de la Cogolla, Vol. I, 183, p. 180.

[1727] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1728] Sahagún, Tomo II, 573, p. 266.

[1729] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1730] Sahagún, Tomo II, 465, p. 125.

[1731] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1732] Sahagún, Tomo II, 573, p. 266.

[1733] Sahagún, Tomo II, 638, p. 344.

[1734] Sahagún, Tomo II, 655, p. 366.

[1735] Sahagún, Tomo II, 687, p. 405.

[1736] Sahagún, Tomo II, 699, p. 420.

[1737] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[1738] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[1739] Sahagún, Tomo II, 723, p. 447.

[1740] Sahagún, Tomo III, 728, p. 3.

[1741] Sahagún, Tomo III, 781, p. 68.

[1742] Sahagún, Tomo III, 782, p. 71.

[1743] Sahagún, Tomo III, 816, p. 113.

[1744] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1237, p. 519.

[1745] Sahagún, Tomo III, 854, p. 160.

[1746] Sahagún, Tomo III, 858, p. 164.

[1747] Sahagún, Tomo III, 867, p. 176.

[1748] Sahagún, Tomo III, 871, p. 181.

[1749] Sahagún, Tomo III, 879, p. 189.

[1750] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1751] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[1752] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1753] Sahagún, Tomo III, 927, p. 255.

[1754] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[1755] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1756] Sahagún, Tomo III, 993, p. 328.

[1757] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1008, p. 345.

[1758] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1067, p. 411.

[1759] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1247, p. 135.

[1760] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1761] Sahagún, Tomo III, 993, p. 328.

[1762] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1763] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[1764] Sahagún, Tomo III, 993, p. 328.

[1765] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1766] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[1767] Sahagún, Tomo III, 993, p. 328.

[1768] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1769] Sahagún, Tomo III, 962, p. 294.

[1770] Chronicon Sampiri, Asturicensis Episcopi, 9, España Sagrada, Tomo XIV, p. 456.

[1771] Chronicon Sampiri, Asturicensis Episcopi, 9, España Sagrada, Tomo XIV, p. 456.

[1772] Chronicon Sampiri, Asturicensis Episcopi, 9, España Sagrada, Tomo XIV, p. 456.

[1773] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[1774] Sahagún, Tomo I, 61.

[1775] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[1776] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[1777] Sahagún, Tomo I, 99.

[1778] Sahagún, Tomo I, 101.

[1779] Sahagún, Tomo I, 114.

[1780] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 101, p. 164.

[1781] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, XLVIII, p. 106.

[1782] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 101, p. 164.

[1783] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 102, p. 166.

[1784] Sahagún, Tomo I, 97.

[1785] León Cathedral, Vol. I, 220, p. 306.

[1786] Sahagún, Tomo I, 132.

[1787] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 270, p. 19.

[1788] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 461, p. 264.

[1789] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 270, p. 19.

[1790] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 411, p. 199.

[1791] Sahagún, Tomo I, 255.

[1792] Sahagún, Tomo I, 273.

[1793] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 432, p. 224.

[1794] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 442, p. 243.

[1795] España Sagrada, Tome XXXVIII, xxiii, p. 326 (incorrectly dated to 1076).

[1796] Sahagún, Tomo I, 284.

[1797] Sahagún, Tomo I, 286.

[1798] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 453, p. 255.

[1799] Sahagún, Tomo I, 293.

[1800] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 411, p. 199.

[1801] Sahagún, Tomo I, 261.

[1802] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 270, p. 19.

[1803] León Cathedral, Vol. II, 333, p. 112.

[1804] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[1805] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1806] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 701, p. 252.

[1807] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1808] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1809] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[1810] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1811] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1812] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1813] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[1814] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1815] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 829, p. 429.

[1816] López Ferreiro (1899), Tomo II, Apéndice, LXXXVIII, p. 217.

[1817] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[1818] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[1819] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[1820] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 802, p. 391.

[1821] Núñez Contreras (1977), 20, p. 490.

[1822] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[1823] Sahagún, Tomo II, 414, p. 61.

[1824] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1048, p. 224.

[1825] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCIII, p. 427.

[1826] Berganza (1721) Secunda parte, Appendice XCVII, p. 429.

[1827] Abajo Martín, M. T. (1986) Documentación de la Catedral de Palencia 1035-1247 (Palencia) ("Palencia Cathedral"), 8, p. 21.

[1828] Palencia Cathedral, 8, p. 21.

[1829] Palencia Cathedral, 8, p. 21.

[1830] Palencia Cathedral, 8, p. 21.

[1831] Sahagún, Tomo I, 333, and Salazar y Acha (2000), p. 406.

[1832] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 788, p. 375.

[1833] Núñez Contreras (1977), 13, p. 472.

[1834] Núñez Contreras (1977), 20, p. 490.

[1835] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 754, p. 327.

[1836] Sahagún, Tomo II, 404, p. 49.

[1837] León Cathedral, Vol. III, 760, p. 337.

[1838] Santa María de Otero de las Dueñas, Vol. I, 124, p. 199.

[1839] Santa María de Obona, 4, p. 301.

[1840] Núñez Contreras (1977), 2, p. 444.

[1841] Núñez Contreras (1977), 13, p. 472.

[1842] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1843] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1844] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1845] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1846] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1847] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1848] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1849] Sahagún, Tomo II, 500, p. 172.

[1850] Sahagún, Tomo II, 573, p. 266.

[1851] Sahagún, Tomo III, 882, p. 194.

[1852] Sahagún, Tomo II, 623, p. 325.

[1853] Sahagún, Tomo II, 625, p. 327.

[1854] Sahagún, Tomo II, 623, p. 325.

[1855] Sahagún, Tomo II, 623, p. 325.

[1856] Sahagún, Tomo II, 626, p. 329.

[1857] Sahagún, Tomo II, 625, p. 327.

[1858] Sahagún, Tomo II, 625, p. 327.

[1859] Sahagún, Tomo II, 655, p. 366.

[1860] Sahagún, Tomo II, 706, p. 429.

[1861] Sahagún, Tomo II, 625, p. 327.

[1862] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[1863] Sahagún, Tomo II, 723, p. 447.

[1864] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[1865] Sahagún, Tomo III, 783, p. 73.

[1866] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[1867] Sahagún, Tomo II, 723, p. 447.

[1868] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[1869] Sahagún, Tomo III, 783, p. 73.

[1870] Sahagún, Tomo II, 705, p. 428.

[1871] Sahagún, Tomo III, 733, p. 9.

[1872] Sahagún, Tomo III, 783, p. 73.

[1873] Sahagún, Tomo II, 707, p. 430.

[1874] Sahagún, Tomo II, 719, p. 443.

[1875] Sahagún, Tomo III, 732, p. 7.

[1876] Sahagún, Tomo III, 762, p. 40.

[1877] Sahagún, Tomo III, 732, p. 7.

[1878] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1879] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1880] Sahagún, Tomo III, 854, p. 160.

[1881] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1882] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1883] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1884] Sahagún, Tomo III, 796, p. 88.

[1885] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1886] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1088, p. 435.

[1887] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1205, p. 64.

[1888] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1889] Sahagún, Tomo III, 983, p. 316.

[1890] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1088, p. 435.

[1891] Sahagún, Tomo IV, 1205, p. 64.

[1892] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1893] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1008, p. 345.

[1894] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1021, p. 357.

[1895] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1896] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1021, p. 357.

[1897] Sahagún, Tomo III, 935, p. 265.

[1898] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1008, p. 345.

[1899] Sahagún, Tomo III, 1021, p. 357.

[1900] Benevívere Santa María, 1, p. 5.

[1901] Silos 24, p. 30.

[1902] Silos 24, p. 30.

[1903] Sahagún, Tomo II, 648, p. 358.

[1904] Sahagún, Tomo II, 680, p. 396.

[1905] Eslonza, Part I, V, p. 8.

[1906] Ruiz Asencio, J. M. ´Documentos y Códices Altomedievales de San Román de Entrepeñas´, Actas del I Congreso de Historia de Palencia (1987), Tome II, 6, p. 35 (extract only in Spanish translation).

[1907] Ruiz Asencio ´Documentos de San Román de Entrepeñas´, Tome II, 7, pp. 35-6 (extract only in Spanish translation), commenting that the document was a 16th century forgery using the previous document of the same date as a model.

[1908] Ruiz Asencio ´Documentos de San Román de Entrepeñas´, Tome II, 6, p. 35 (extract only in Spanish translation).

[1909] Ruiz Asencio ´Documentos de San Román de Entrepeñas´, Tome II, 7, pp. 35-6 (extract only in Spanish translation), commenting that the document was a 16th century forgery using the previous document of the same date as a model.

[1910] León Cathedral, Vol. IV, 1237, p. 519.