POMERANIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BOGISLAW II 1187-1220, BARNIM I 1220-1278
C. DUKES of POMERANIA in WOLGAST [WOŁOGOSZCZ], STOLP [SŁUPSK] and in HINTERPOMMERN 1278
BARNIM VI 1394-1405, WARTISLAW IX 1405-1457, WARTISLAW X 1457-1478
BOGISLAW X 1474-1523, GEORG I 1523-1531, BARNIM IX 1523-1569
D. DUKES of POMERANIA in STETTIN [SZCZECIN] 1278-1464
WIZLAW II 1261-1302, WIZLAW III 1302-1325
Chapter 4. HERZOGE von POMMERELLEN [POMORZE]
The Pomeranians emerged in the 9th century as one of the important Slavic tribes in the area of the future state of Poland[1]. They were based in the north around the cities of Wolin, Kamien, Szczecin, Stargard, Pyrzyce, Bialogard and Kolobrzeg. These new city states were economically more advanced than the rest of Poland, although heavily dependant on maritime trade[2]. They strongly resisted the influence of the Piast dynasty of the Polanian state, but did not at that time develop their own central dynastic leadership[3]. Dzięcioł suggests that "the Slavs", led by the Saxon count Wichmann who was related to Hermann Billung dux in Saxony and whose victories over Mieszko I Prince of Poland in 963 were recorded by the chronicler Widukind of Corvey, may have been western Pomeranians[4].
The western Pomeranians were defeated in 967 by the Poles, in alliance with Boleslav I Duke of Bohemia, when Wichmann was killed in battle[5]. This opened a period of increased Polish influence in Pomerania. The Pomeranians had an organised pagan religion with priests and temples. After the establishment of the archbishopric of Gniezno in 1000, the bishopric of Kolobrzeg [Kolberg] was founded in Pomerania as part of the new Polish ecclesiastical organisation, with Reinbern as its first bishop. The western Pomeranians liberated themselves from Piast influence in [1013] during the Polish-German war and the bishopric was abandoned. The Pomeranians were finally forced to abandon paganism by the Poles in the early 12th century[6].
The earliest references to princes in Pomerania date from the mid-11th century. At that time, two distinct families of rulers can be identified, the descendants of Wartislaw [I] who later became became dukes of Pomerania (see Chapter 1.A) and the so-called “Swantiboriez/Swabtiboren” family who descended from another Wartislaw, son of Swantibor, recorded as castellans of Stettin and Gützkow in the early 13th century but who died out in the male line before the end of the same century (see Chapter 2). The relationship, if any, between these two families has not been traced.
The creation of the duchy of Pomerania was confirmed by Emperor Friedrich I “Barbarossa” in 1181 in favour of Duke Bogislaw I (see Chapter 1.B). The development of a distinct political identity in Pomerania was encouraged by its geographic separation from the kingdom of Poland which resulted from Brandenburg's expansion to the east in the 13th century, as well as the increasing German influence over the territory which followed. The territory of the Pomeranian duchy was split between the two sons of Duke Barnim I on his death in 1278. Barnim´s older son Bogislaw ruled the area to the west known as Vorpommern, with his capital at Wolgast on the Baltic coast on the left bank of the Oder estuary. This area is today part of the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Barnim´s younger son Otto ruled Hinterpommern to the east, which forms the north-west coastal area of the republic of Poland in the present day. His capital was at Stettin (Szczecin) on the left bank of the river Oder, to the south-east of Wolgast. The duchy of Pomerania-Stettin (see Chapter 1.C) existed as a separate entity until 1464 when it was inherited by the dukes of Pomerania-Wolgast. Pomerania survived as an independent duchy until 1637. It was occupied by Sweden during the Thirty Years War and finally incorporated into the kingdom of Prussia after the Napoleonic wars.
The island of Rügen in the Baltic Sea to the north of Wolgast is recorded as a separate principality from the late 12th century (see Chapter 3). The last independent prince of Rügen died in 1325, when his territory was incorporated into the duchy of Pomerania-Wolgast.
The separate state of Pommerellen (Pomorze in Polish) developed in the 13th century to the east of Hinterpommern, in the northeastern coastal area of present-day Poland (see Chapter 4). The last independent prince bequeathed his principality to one of the Polish princes of the Piast dynasty in 1294. This was challenged by the Markgrafen of Brandenburg, who were granted Pomorze as a fief in 1306 by Václav II [Wenzel] King of Bohemia who also claimed the Polish throne. The Poles repelled the Askanian invasion of Gdansk in 1308 with the help of the Teutonic Knights, but the latter subsequently refused to leave the area[7].
The reconstruction of the families of the dukes of Pomerania, princes of Rügen and princes of Pomorze in this document is based largely on the genealogies published in Europäische Stammtafeln[8]. The family of the later dukes of Pomerania has been included in this document for the sake of completenesss, even though they fall outside the main chronological period covered by Medieval Lands. As will be seen, few of the relationships have been confirmed from the primary sources so far consulted. The main contemporary sources which evidence the history of Pomerania and its rulers have not yet been identified. The decision has been taken to use the German rather than Polish forms for the names of the members of the Pomeranian dynasties because of the dominant German influence in the area.
1. WARTISLAW [I] (-[1135/36]).
2. RATIBOR [I] (-1155 or 7 May 1156). Konrad Bishop of Pomerania confirmed the possessions of Kloster Grove, including donations by "dominus Ratiboro cum…consorte sua Pribizlaua…successors eius Bogozlauus et Cazimerus", by charter dated 1168[9]. "Boguslaus…Pomeranorum Dux" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 18 Apr 1177, which names "patruus noster Ratiborus…consorte sua Pribislaua…frater noster Kazimerus"[10]. m ([1136]) PRIBISLAVA [Iaroslavna, daughter of IAROSLAV Sviatopolkovich Prince of Vladimir & his third wife --- Mstislavna of Kiev] (-[1156]). Baumgarten names the wife of Ratibor and states her origin but cites only another of his works as the one secondary source in support[11]. Konrad Bishop of Pomerania confirmed the possessions of Kloster Grove, including donations by "dominus Ratiboro cum…consorte sua Pribizlaua…successors eius Bogozlauus et Cazimerus", by charter dated 1168[12]. "Boguslaus…Pomeranorum Dux" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 18 Apr 1177, which names "patruus noster Ratiborus…consorte sua Pribislaua…frater noster Kazimerus"[13]. Ratibor & his wife had two children:
a) SWIATOPOLK . [1175].
b) MARGARETA . Arnold's Chronica Slavorum names "Margaretam…filiam Ratibor principis Pomeranorum" as wife of "Bernardum"[14]. [1162]. m (before 1162) BERNHARD [I] Graf von Ratzeburg, son of HEINRICH von Badewide Graf von Ratzeburg & his wife --- [of Denmark] (-[1190]).
3. SWANTIBOR . m ---. The name of Swantibor´s wife is not known. Swantibor & his wife had one child:
a) WARTISLAW (-1196). The Annales Colbazienses record the death in 1196 of "Wartizlaus filius Svantobori"[15].
WARTISLAW [I], son of --- (-[1135/36]). According to Saxo Grammaticus, Wartislaw "waged continual hostilities with the Danes and the Poles". In [1127/29], Niels King of Denmark counter-attacked against the fort of Uznam and subsequently Wolin. Wartislaw was made prisoner after boarding a Danish ship to negotiate peace but freed after the intervention of Knud "Lavard" of Denmark[16].
m ---. The name of Wartislaw's wife is not known.
Wartislaw & his wife had [three] children:
1. BOGISLAW ([1130]-18 Mar 1187). "Cazimerus…Pomeranorum princeps" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 1170[17]. Helmold names "Kazemarus et Bugezlavus, duces Pomeranorum" when recording their part in the rebellion of the Obotrites against Heinrich "der Löwe" Duke of Saxony in 1164, recording in a later passage that they converted to Christianity, founded a monastery at Stolpe in memory of "patris sui Wertizlavi", and founded "episcopatum Uznam"[18]. Valdemar I King of Denmark occupied Wolgast and imposed Danish suzerainty in 1164[19]. "Boguslaus…Pomeranorum Dux" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 18 Apr 1177, which names "patruus noster Ratiborus…consorte sua Pribislaua…frater noster Kazimerus"[20]. Emperor Friedrich I "Barbarossa" invested him with the duchy of Pomerania (BOGISLAW I Duke of Pomerania) at Lübeck in 1181, to guarantee his loyalty against Heinrich "der Löwe" ex-Duke of Saxony[21]. Knud VI King of Denmark compelled Duke Bogislaw to become his vassal in 1185[22]. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1187 XVI Kal Apr" of "Boguzlaus dux"[23]. m firstly ([1150/59]) WALBURGIS, daughter of --- (-before 18 Apr 1172). m secondly (26 Apr 1177) ANASTASIA of Poland, daughter of MIESZKO III "Stary/the Old" Prince of Greater Poland & his second wife Ievdokia Iziaslavna of Kiev (before 1164-after 31 May 1240). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum refers to, but does not name, the daughters of Mieszko III, naming (fourth in the list) "dux Maritime Boguslaus" as his son-in-law[24]. Bogislaw I & his first wife had three children:
a) RATIBOR ([1160]-14/15 Jan 1183). "Boguzlaus…Pomeranorum Dux" confirmed a donation of property to the church of Havelberg by "beate memorie Cazimerus frater meus", with the consent of "filiis nostris Ratiburone et Wartizlao", by charter dated 1182[25]. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1183 Kal Feb" of "Ratibor filius Boguzlai"[26]. m (before 1177) SALOMEA of Poland, daughter of MIESZKO III "Stary/the Old" Prince of Greater Poland & his second wife Ievdokia Iziaslavna of Kiev (-11 May ----).
b) WARTISLAW (after 1160-18 Feb 1184). "Boguzlaus…Pomeranorum Dux" confirmed a donation of property to the church of Havelberg by "beate memorie Cazimerus frater meus", with the consent of "filiis nostris Ratiburone et Wartizlao", by charter dated 1182[27].
c) DOBROSLAWA ([1162/72]-[1220/26] or after). domina de Zlanene [Schlawe und Gützkow]. The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum refers to "dux Pomeranie" as the father-in-law of one of his sons but does not specify which son (although he is named second in the list) or name the son's wife[28]. m firstly ([1187/89]) BOLESŁAW of Poland, son of MIESZKO III "Stary/the Old" Prince of Greater Poland & his second wife Ievdokia Iziaslavna of Kiev (1159-3 Sep 1195). He succeeded in 1194 as Prince of Kujavia. m secondly ([1212/18]) as his second wife, WARTISLAW von Gützkow Castellan of Stettin, son of BARTHOLOMÄUS Castellan of Gützkow [Swantiboriden] & his wife --- ([1175/80]-1233). Herr von Gützkow 1219.
Bogislaw I & his second wife had two children:
d) BOGISLAW (-24 Jan 1220). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[29]. He succeeded his father in 1187 as BOGISLAW II Duke of Pomerania.
- see below.
e) KASIMIR [II] ([1180]-end 1219). "Kazimerus Pomeranorum dux" donated property "villam Warkentyn" to Kloster Arendsee by charter dated to [1224][30], but which should be dated earlier if this document refers to Kasimir [I] and if the latter's death date is correct as shown above. "Nicholaus et Johannes…domini de Werle et Johannes eadem…domicellus de eodem" donated property "villam Warkentin quondam per Hinricum dominum de Werle nostrum patruum bone memorie" to Kloster Arendsee by charter dated 2 Oct 1314, which also refers to the previous donation by "Kazimarus et Wartislaus eius filius"[31]. m INGERD [Ingeborg] of Denmark, daughter of [32][KNUD IV King of Denmark & his wife Gertrud von Sachsen [Welfen]] (-after 1236). Kasimir & his wife had two children:
i) WARTISLAW [III] ([1210]-17 May 1264). "Nicholaus et Johannes…domini de Werle et Johannes eadem…domicellus de eodem" donated property "villam Warkentin quondam per Hinricum dominum de Werle nostrum patruum bone memorie" to Kloster Arendsee by charter dated 2 Oct 1314, which also refers to the previous donation by "Kazimarus et Wartislaus eius filius"[33]. m ([1236]) as her first husband, SOPHIE von Arnstein, daughter of [ALBRECHT I Graf von Arnstein] & his wife ---. She married secondly Pribislaw de Slawia Herr von Wollin.
ii) ELISABETH (-[1222]).
2. KASIMIR [I] (-1180). "Cazimerus…Pomeranorum princeps" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 1170[34]. Helmold names "Kazemarus et Bugezlavus, duces Pomeranorum" when recording their part in the rebellion of the Obotrites against Heinrich "der Löwe" Duke of Saxony in 1164, recording in a later passage that they converted to Christianity, founded a monastery at Stolpe in memory of "patris sui Wertizlavi", and founded "episcopatum Uznam"[35]. "Boguslaus…Pomeranorum Dux" donated property to the church of Havelberg, with the consent of "fratre nostro Boguzlao", by charter dated 18 Apr 1177, which names "patruus noster Ratiborus…consorte sua Pribislaua…frater noster Kazimerus"[36]. "Boguzlaus…Pomeranorum Dux" confirmed a donation of property to the church of Havelberg by "beate memorie Cazimerus frater meus", with the consent of "filiis nostris Ratiburone et Wartizlao", by charter dated 1182[37]. m ---. Kasimir & his wife had one child:
a) ADOLF [Odolaus de Livticia]. 1187.
3. [WOISLAWA (-Althof near Doberan 1172, bur Doberan Abbey). m ([1140/45]) PRIBISLAW I Fürst of the Obotrites, son of NIKLOT Fürst of the Obotrites [Mecklenburg] & his wife --- (-1178). He was invested as Fürst von Mecklenburg in 1171.]
BOGISLAW von Pommern, son of BOGISLAW I Duke of Pomerania & his second wife Anastasia of Poland (-24 Jan 1220). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[38]. He succeeded his father in 1187 as BOGISLAW II Duke of Pomerania.
[m firstly VISLAVA Iaropolkovich, daughter of [IAROPOLK Romanovich Prince of Smolensk & his wife ---]. Baumgarten quotes an early secondary source which names "Wislawa fil. Jarolphi Principis Russiæ" as the wife of Duke Bogislaw, suggesting that "Jarolphi" is a corruption of "Jaropolk" and suggests three possible contemporary Princes Iaropolk[39]. He dismisses Iaropolk Prince of Buzsk on the basis that any of his daughters would have been too old, and Iaropolk of Suzdal on the basis that his branch contracted no known western marriages as they had orientated themselves towards Byzantium, leaving only Iaropolk Romanovich Prince of Smolensk.]
m [secondly] MIROSLAWA von Pommerellen, daughter of MESTWIN I Herzog von Pommerellen & his wife Swinislawa --- (-after 18 May 1233).
Bogislaw II & his [second] wife had two children:
1. BARNIM (-13/14 Feb 1278, bur Stettin Marienkirche). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[40]. He succeeded his father in 1220 as BARNIM I Duke of Pomerania. "Barnim…Dux Slauorum" granted freedom from customs tolls to the Templar Knights within his territory by charter dated 4 Mar 1236[41]. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1278 Id Nov" of "Barnym dux Stetinensis"[42]. m firstly ([1238/39]) MARIANA, daughter of --- (-[27 Jun] 1252). m secondly ([1253/54]) MARGARETA von Werle, daughter of NIKOLAUS [I] Herr von Werle und Güstrow [Mecklenburg] & his wife Jutta von Anhalt (after 1231-before 27 May 1261). m thirdly (before 20 May 1267) MECHTILD von Brandenburg, daughter of OTTO III Markgraf von Brandenburg [Askanier] & his wife Beatrix [Božena] of Bohemia ([1248/55]-20 Dec 1316, bur Stettin Marienkirche). Barnim I & his first wife had one child:
a) ANASTASIA ([1245]-15 Mar 1317, bur Wismar Franciscan Church). The Annales Lubicenses names "Anastasiam sororem Buxslai ducis Salvorum" as wife of "Hinricus dominus Magnopolensis"[43]. Regent of Mecklenburg 1272 to 1287. m ([1259]) HEINRICH I Herr von Mecklenburg zu Wismar, son of JOHANN I Fürst von Mecklenburg Herr von Rostock und Wismar & his wife Luitgard von Henneberg ([1230]-2 Jan 1302, bur Doberan).
Barnim I & his second wife had one child:
b) BOGISLAW von Pommern (before 1258-19 Feb 1309, bur Stettin Marienkirche). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[44]. He succeeded his father in 1278 as BOGISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania zu Wolgast.
- see below.
Barnim I & his third wife had five children:
c) MIROSLAWA ([1270]-[23 Dec 1327/11 Nov 1328]). m ([1285/90]) as his second wife, NIKOLAUS [I] Graf von Schwerin in Wittenburg, son of GÜNZEL [III] Graf von Schwerin & his wife Margarete von Mecklenburg (-[3 Feb/23 Jun] 1323).
d) BEATRIX (-[1315/16]). m (before 1290) HEINRICH [II] Herr zu Werle zu Penzlin, son of HEINRICH [I] Herr von Werle zu Güstrow [Mecklenburg] & his first wife Richiza Birgersdotter of Sweden (-after 1308).
e) MECHTILD (-1295).
f) BARNIM [II] ([1277]-28 May 1295). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[45].
g) OTTO von Pommern ([1 Jan /31 Aug] 1279-30/31 Dec 1344). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[46]. He succeeded his father in 1278 as OTTO I Duke of Pomerania in Stettin.
- see below, Part C. DUKES of POMERANIA-STETTIN 1278-1451.
2. WOISLAVA (-after 1229).
BOGISLAW von Pommern, son of BARNIM I Duke of Pomerania & his second wife Margareta von Werle-Güstrow [Mecklenburg] (before 1258-19 Feb 1309, bur Stettin Marienkirche). He succeeded his father in 1278 as BOGISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania zu Wolgast. "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[47].
m firstly (before 14 Dec 1278) MECHTILD von Brandenburg, daughter of JOHANN I Markgraf von Brandenburg & his second wife Jutta von Sachsen [Askanier] (1257-before 1284).
m secondly ([1283/87]) MARGARETA von Rügen, daughter of WIZLAW II Fürst von Rügen & his wife Agnes von Braunschweig ([1265/70]-[4 Dec 1315/3 Feb 1320]).
Bogislaw IV & his second wife had five children:
1. EUPHEMIA ([1286/88]-26 Jul 1330, bur Sorø Abbey). m ([1300/04]) CHRISTOFFER Eriksen of Denmark, son of ERIK V "Klipping" King of Denmark & his wife Agnes von Brandenburg (29 Sep 1276-Nykøbing Castle 2 Aug 1332, bur Sorø Abbey). He succeeded in 1320 as CHRISTOFFER II King of Denmark.
2. MARGARETA ([1286/88]-before 25 Jul 1334[48]). The Annales Lubicenses record the marriage of "Nicholaus dominus de Rostocke" and "filiam Buxslai Slavonum principis" in 1300[49]. m firstly (1299 before Nov) NIKOLAUS I "das Kind" von Mecklenburg Herr zu Rostock, son of WALDEMAR Herr von Mecklenburg & his wife Agnes von Holstein (-25 Nov 1314, bur Rostock St Johannis). m secondly ([1316/24]) JOHANN I Duke of Steinau, son of HEINRICH I Duke of Glogau [Piast] & his wife Mechtild von Braunschweig-Lüneburg ([1296/1300]-[17 Oct 1361/1364]).
3. WARTISLAW von Pommern (1291-Stralsund 31 Jul /1 Aug 1326). He succeeded his father in 1309 as WARTISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast und Hinterpommern. He succeeded as Duke of Rügen in 1325.
- see below.
4. JUTTA (-after 12 Mar 1336). Abbess of Krummin.
5. ELISABETH (-after 16 Oct 1349). m (1316 before 16 Jun, Papal dispensation 3o 1 Jul 1346) ERICH I Herzog von Sachsen-Ratzeburg und Lauenburg, son of JOHANN I Herzog von Sachsen, Engern und Westfalen & his wife Ingeborg of Sweden (-Nienburg (-1361).
WARTISLAW von Pommern, son of BOGISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania & his second wife Margareta von Rügen (1291-Stralsund 31 Jul /1 Aug 1326). He succeeded his father in 1309 as WARTISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast und Hinterpommern. He succeeded as Duke of Rügen in 1325. He signed a treaty of mutual defence with Wladysław I "Lokietek" King of Poland 18 Jun 1325, which from Pomerania's viewpoint was aimed at protecting itself from Brandenburg's expansion. However, Duke Wartislaw signed another mutual defence treaty with the Teutonic Knights in Sep 1325 which, from Poland's viewpoint, was incompatible with the earlier treaty because of the king's continuing dispute with the Order over Gdansk[50].
m ELISABETH von [51]Lindau-Ruppin, daughter of [ULRICH I] Graf von Lindau-Ruppin & his wife --- (-[1 Feb 1350/2 Feb 1356]).
Wartislaw IV & his wife had three children:
1. BOGISLAW von Pommern ([1318]-7 Dec 1373). He succeeded his father in 1326 as BOGISLAW V Duke of Pomerania in Hinterpommern. m firstly (28 Feb 1343[52]) ELŹBIETA of Poland, daughter of KAZIMIERZ III "Wielki/the Great" King of Poland & his first wife Anna [Aldona] of Lithuania ([1326/34]-1361). This marriage was arranged to confirm a defensive pact sign by her father and her future husband in early 1343 in order to strengthen Poland's position against the Teutonic Knights[53]. m secondly ([1362]) ADELHEID von Braunschweig, daughter of ERNST Herzog von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen & his wife Adelheid von Everstein ([1341]-[3 May 1406]). Bogislaw V & his first wife had two children:
a) ELISABETH (1347-15 Apr 1393, bur Prague Cathedral St Veit). Her marriage was proposed by her maternal grandfather, Kazimierz III King of Poland, as part of his mediation between Lajos King of Hungary (who was his nominated heir in Poland) and Emperor Karl IV. The Emperor was also anxious to extend his control over Pomerania[54]. m (Krakow 21 May[55] 1363) as his fourth wife, Emperor KARL IV King of Bohemia, son of JAN I King of Bohemia [JEAN I Comte de Luxembourg] & his first wife Eliska [Elisabeth] of Bohemia [Přemyslid] (Prague 14 May 1316-Prague 29 Nov 1378, bur Prague Cathedral St Veit).
b) KASIMIR [Kaźko] von Pommern ([1351]-2 Jan 1377). He was adopted in 1368 by his maternal grandfather Kazimierz III King of Poland, who attempted to persuade Lajos King of Hungary (already nominated by Kazimierz as his heir in Poland) to accept Kaźko as his own successor[56]. On the death of King Kazimierz, he inherited the duchies of Sieradz, Łęczyca and Dobrzyń[57]. He succeeded his father in 1373 as KASIMIR IV Duke of Pomerania in Stargard. m firstly (1360[58]) KENNA of Lithuania, daughter of ALGIRDAS [Olgierd] Grand Duke of Lithuania & his second wife Iuliana Aleksandrovna of Tver [Rurikid] (1350-27 Apr 1368). This marriage was proposed by Kasimir's maternal grandfather, Kazimierz III King of Poland, to strengthen the ties between Lithuania and Poland[59]. She was baptised as JOHANNA on her marriage. m secondly (Apr 1369) MAŁGORZATA of Mazovia, daughter of SIEMOWIT of Mazovia [later SIEMOWIT III "Starszy" Prince of Mazovia] & his first wife Euphemia von Troppau [Přemyslid] (before 1358-[14 May 1388/4 Apr 1396]). This marriage was arranged by her future husband's maternal grandfather, King Kazimierz III, as part of the agreement for the former's adoption by the king[60]. She married secondly (Jul 1379) as his second wife, Heinrich VII Duke of Lüben and Brieg [Piast].
Bogislaw V & his second wife had four children:
c) WARTISLAW von Pommern (-killed in battle [1394/24 Feb 1395]). He succeeded his half-brother in 1377 as WARTISLAW VII Duke of Pomerania in Hinterpommern. m (1380) MARIE von Mecklenburg daughter of HEINRICH III Herzog von Mecklenburg & his first wife Ingeborg of Denmark (-after 13 May 1402). Wartislaw VII & his wife had two children:
i) ERICH BOGISLAW von Pommern-Stolp ([1381]-Rügenwalde 1459 [after 4 Apr] bur Rügenwalde Marienkirche). He succeeded in 1389 as ERIK III King of Norway under the regency of Queen Margrete. He succeeded as Duke of Pomerania in Stolp. He succeeded in 1396 as ERIK VII King of Denmark and Sweden crowned 12 Jun 1397. He ruled as sole King from 1412. He abdicated in Denmark and Sweden 10 Apr 1440. He abdicated in Norway 1442.
ii) KATHARINA von Pommern-Stolp ([1390]-4 Mar 1426, bur Neumarkt Hofkirche, transferred to Kloster Gnadenburg). Negotiations for her marriage with Henry of Monmouth, eldest son of Henry IV King of England and the future Henry V King of England, were abandoned due to the Danish inability to recognise the hereditary right to the Danish throne of any children of the marriage, such right being incompatible with the Danish and Swedish constitutions which guaranteed the elective nature of the monarchies in the two countries[61]. m (contract Lund 11 Nov 1406, Ripen 15 Aug 1407) as his first wife, JOHANN Herzog von Bayern Pfalzgraf bei Rhein in Neumarkt, son of RUPRECHT III "Klemb" Pfalzgraf bei Rhein, Herzog in Bayern, King of Germany & his wife Elisabeth von Nürnberg (Neunburg vorm Wald [1383]-Benedictine Kloster Kastl, Oberpfalz 13 Mar 1443, bur Neunburg vorm Wald St Georg). He succeeded his father 1410 as JOHANN Pfalzgraf in Neunburg vorm Wald und in Neumarkt.
d) BOGISLAW von Pommern ([1363/68]-11 Feb 1418). He succeeded his half-brother in 1377 as BOGISLAW VIII of Pomerania in Hinterpommern. m ([1398]) SOPHIE von Holstein, daughter of HEINRICH II "dem Eisernen" Graf von Holstein-Rendsburg & his second wife Ingeburg von Mecklenburg (-after 1451). Bogislaw VIII & his wife had three children:
i) INGEBORG (-before 16 Jun 1450). m ([1425/28]) as his second wife, HEINRICH Herzog von Mecklenburg-Stargard, son of ULRICH I Herzog von Mecklenburg-Stargard & his second wife Margarete von Pommern (-[26 May/20 Aug] 1466, bur Wanzka).
ii) BOGISLAW von Pommern ([1407/10]-7 Dec 1446). He succeeded his father in 1418 as BOGISLAW IX Duke of Pomerania in Stargard. m (24 Jun 1432) MARIA of Mazovia, daughter of SIEMOWIT IV Duke of Mazovia [Piast] & his wife Aleksandra of Lithuania ([1410-18 Feb 1454). Bogislaw IX & his wife had two children:
(a) SOPHIE ([1435]-[24 Aug 1494/1497]). m (1451 after Feb) as his second wife, ERICH II Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast, son of WARTISLAW IX Duke of Pomerania & his wife Sophie von Sachsen-Lauenburg ([1418/25]-Wolgast 5 Jul 1474).
(b) ALEXANDRA (-1451).
iii) ADELHEID (1410-after 1445). m (2 Feb 1429) BERNHARD II Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg ([1385-16 Jul 1463)
e) BARNIM von Pommern (1369-16 May 1402). He succeeded his half-brother in 1377 as BARNIM V Duke of Pomerania in Hinterpommern zu Stolp. m JADWIGA of Lithuania, daughter of TAUTVILAS [Towtiwil] KONRAD Duke of Lithuania & his wife Iuliana Sviatoslavna of Smolensk (-after 1 Dec 1405).
f) MARGARETA (1366-Bruck an der Mur 30 Apr 1407 or 12 Jun 1410, bur Rein). The necrology of Rein records the death "II Kal Mai" of "Margaretha ducissa Austrie et Styrie"[62]. m (Bruck an der Mur [14 Jan] 1392) as his first wife, ERNST I "der Eiserne" Duke of Austria, son of LEOPOLD III Duke of Austria & his wife Verde Visconti (Bruck an der Mur 1377-Bruck an der Mur 10 Jun 1424, bur Rein, Steiermark).
2. BARNIM von Pommern ([1325]-22 Aug 1365). He succeeded his father in 1326 as BARNIM IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast und Rügen.
- see below.
3. WARTISLAW [V] "Pater Noster" ([1 Nov 1326]-1390).
BARNIM von Pommern, son of WARTISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast und Hinterpommern & his wife Elisabeth von Lindau-Ruppin ([1325]-22 Aug 1365). He succeeded his father in 1326 as BARNIM IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast und Rügen.
m ([1343]) as her second husband, SOPHIE von Werle-Güstrow, widow of ALBRECHT IV Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg, daughter of JOHANN [II] Herr von Werle zu Güstrow [Mecklenburg] & his wife Mechtild von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen ([1329]-5 Sep 1364, bur Marienthron).
Barnim IV & his wife had three children:
1. WARTISLAW von Pommern ([1346/49]-13 Jun 1394 bur Eldena Kloster). He succeeded his father in 1365 as WARTISLAW VI Duke of Pomerania in Rügen. m (Neubrandenburg 4 Apr 1363) ANNA von Mecklenburg, daughter of JOHANN I Herzog von Mecklenburg in Stargard & his second wife Anna von Holstein (-after 14 Mar 1399). Wartislaw VI & his wife had four children:
a) BARNIM von Pommern ([1365]-22 Dec 1405). He succeeded his father in 1394 as BARNIM VI Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast.
- see below.
b) SOPHIE (-28 Jun 1406). m (contract 31 Jul 1386, 11 Nov 1388) as his first wife, HEINRICH Herzog von Braunschweig, son of BERNHARD I Herzog von Braunschweig und Lüneburg & his wife Margareta von Sachsen-Wittenberg (-Ülzen 14 Oct 1416, bur Braunschweig). He succeeded in 1409 as HEINRICH II Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg.
c) WARTISLAW von Pommern (1373-20/23 Aug 1415). He succeeded his father in 1394 as WARTISLAW VIII Duke of Pomerania in Rügen. m (1393) AGNES von Sachsen-Lauenburg, daughter of ERICH IV Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg & his wife --- (-1435). Wartislaw VIII & his wife had four children:
i) WARTISLAW [IX] von Pommern (-[8 Nov 1414/23 Aug 1415]).
ii) BARNIM von Pommern ([1403/05]-[15/19] Dec 1451). He succeeded his father in 1415 as BARNIM VIII Duke of Pomerania in Rügen. m ([1435]) AGNES von Wunstorf, daughter of [HEINRICH] Graf von Wunstorf & his wife --- (-[1451]). Barnim VIII & his wife had one child:
(a) AGNES ([1436]-Bernburg 9 May 1512, bur Ballenstedt). m firstly (Tangermünde 9 Feb 1449) FRIEDRICH Markgraf von Brandenburg, son of FRIEDRICH I Elector of Brandenburg [Hohenzollern] & his wife Elisabeth von Bayern-Landshut ([1424]-Tangermünde 6 Oct 1463). m secondly (1478) GEORG II Fürst von Anhalt-Zerbst, son of GEORG Fürst von Anhalt & his fourth wife Anna von Lindau-Ruppin (1454-25 Apr 1509, bur Ballenstedt Kloster).
iii) SWANTIBOR [IV] von Pommern ([1408/10]-[12 May 1432/11 Apr 1436]).
iv) SOPHIE (-after 17 Mar 1453). m ([13 Nov 1426/1427], Papal dispensation 26 Jul 1428) as his second wife, WILHELM Fürst von Wenden Herr zu Werle, son of LORENZ Herr von Werle zu Güstrow [Mecklenburg] & his wife Mechtild von Werle [Mecklenburg] (-7 Sep 1436, bur Güstrow Cathedral).
d) ANNA (-after 1388). Abbess of Bergen, Rügen.
2. ELISABETH (-[5 Sep 1388/4 Jan 1398]). m (contract Drücke bei Damgarten 5 Jul 1362, 7 Jul 1369) MAGNUS von Mecklenburg, son of ALBRECHT II "der Große" Herzog von Mecklenburg & his first wife Eufemia Eriksdatter of Sweden (-2/15 Apr 1385). He succeeded his father in 1379 as MAGNUS I Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
3. BOGISLAW von Pommern ([1350/56]-7 Mar 1393). He succeeded his father in 1365 as BOGISLAW VI Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. m firstly ([1377]) JUTTA von Sachsen-Lauenburg, daughter of ERICH II Herzog von Sachsen in Ratzeburg und Lauenburg & his wife Agnes von Holstein (-1388). m secondly (1389) as her second husband, AGNES von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, widow of BURCHARD V Graf von Mansfeld, daughter of MAGNUS II "Torquatus/mit der Kette" Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg & his wife Katharina von Anhalt (-[1 Aug 1430/22 Dec 1434], bur Gadebusch). She married thirdly (12/13 Feb 1396) as his second wife, Albrecht III Herzog von Mecklenburg ex-King of Sweden. Bogislaw VI & his first wife had one child:
a) AGNES . 1393/1433. m KONRAD von Tannrode zu Straussberg (-1433).
Bogislaw VI & his second wife had one child:
b) SOPHIE (-before 21 Aug 1408). m firstly (Feb 1396) ERICH von Mecklenburg, son of ALBRECHT III joint Herzog von Mecklenburg, ex-King of Sweden & his first wife Richardis von Schwerin (-Landscrona 26 Jul 1397, bur Wisby St Mary's Church). m secondly NIKOLAUS V Herr von Werle zu Güstrow, son of JOHANN Herr von Werle zu Güstrow [Mecklenburg] & his wife (-after 21 Jan 1408).
BARNIM von Pommern, son of WARTISLAW VI Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast & his wife Anna von Mecklenburg ([1365]-22 Dec 1405). He succeeded his father in 1394 as BARNIM VI Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast.
m VERONICA, daughter of ---.
Barnim VI & his wife had three children:
1. ELISABETH (-[30 Mar 1455/9 Feb 1461]). Abbess of Krummin.
2. WARTISLAW von Pommern (Wolgast [1400]-Schloß Darsim 17 Apr 1457). He succeeded his father in 1405 as WARTISLAW IX Duke of Pomerania. m ([1416/18]) SOPHIE von Sachsen-Lauenburg, daughter of ERICH IV Herzog von Sachsen in Lauenburg und Ratzeburg & his wife Sophie von Braunschweig ([1395]-1462). Wartislaw IX & his wife had four children:
a) ELISABETH (before 1420-7 Apr 1473). Abbess of Bergen.
b) ERICH von Pommern ([1418/25]-Wolgast 5 Jul 1474). He succeeded his father in 1457 as ERICH II Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast.
- see below.
c) WARTISLAW von Pommern (-17 Dec 1478). He succeeded his father in 1457 as WARTISLAW X Duke of Pomerania in Rügen. m firstly (5 Mar 1454) as her first husband, ELISABETH von Brandenburg, widow of JOACHIM Duke of Pomerania in Stettin, daughter of JOHANN Markgraf von Brandenburg & his wife Barbara von Sachsen (1425-after 31 Jan 1465). ). m secondly (Schwerin 28 Nov 1475) as her first husband, MAGDALENE von Mecklenburg, daughter of HEINRICH V Herzog von Mecklenburg in Stargard & his second wife Margareta von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (-2 Apr 1532, bur Barby St Johannis). She married secondly (14 Jul 1482) Burkhard Graf von Barby (-1505). Wartislaw X & his first wife had two children:
i) SVANTIBOR ([1454]-1464 after 3 May).
ii) ERTMAR ([1455]-1464 after 3 May).
d) CHRISTOPH ([1449/50]-young).
3. BARNIM [VIII] von Pommern ([1403/05]-[20/29] Aug 1451).
ERICH von Pommern, son of WARTISLAW IX Duke of Pomerania & his wife Sophie von Sachsen-Lauenburg ([1418/25]-Wolgast 5 Jul 1474). He succeeded his father in 1457 as ERICH II Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast.
m firstly ([12/30] Nov 1451) MARGARETA von Mecklenburg, of HEINRICH Herzog von Mecklenburg-Stargard & his second wife Ingeborg von Pommern-Stettin (-[Nov 1451/1452]).
m secondly SOPHIE von Pommern, daughter of BOGISLAW IX Duke of Pomerania & his wife Maria of Mazovia [Piast] ([1435]-[24 Aug 1494/1497]).
Erich II & his second wife had nine children:
1. BOGISLAW von Pommern (Stolp 3 Jul 1454-Stettin 5 Oct 1523). He succeeded his father in 1474 as BOGISLAW X "the Great" Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. Duke of Pomerania 1478.
- see below.
2. KASIMIR [VII] ([before 1455]-[8/15] Sep 1474).
3. ELISABETH (-1516 after 22 Oct). Prioress at Verchen.
4. SOPHIE (-Wismar 26 Apr or 26 May 1504, bur Wismar Dominican Church). m (Anklam 24/31 May 1478) MAGNUS II Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin, son of HEINRICH IV "der Fette" Herzog von Mecklenburg & his wife Dorothea von Brandenburg [Hohenzollern] (1 Jan 1441-20 Nov 1503, bur Doberan 20 Nov 1503).
5. MARGARETA (-27 Mar 1526, bur Wismar Dominican Church). m (13 Jan 1482) BALTHASAR I Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin, son of HEINRICH IV "der Fette" Herzog von Mecklenburg & his wife Dorothea von Brandenburg [Hohenzollern] (1451-Wismar 16 Mar 1507, bur Doberan).
6. KATHARINA (1465-Wolfenbuttel 1526). m (1 Aug 1486) HEINRICH I Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg in Wolfenbüttel (14 Jun 1463-23 Jun 1514).
7. WARTISLAW [XI] (after 1465-1475).
8. BARNIM [IX] (after 1465-1474).
9. MARIE (-1512). Abbess of Wollin.
BOGISLAW von Pommern, son of ERICH II Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast & his wife Sophie von Pommern (Stolp 3 Jul 1454-Stettin 5 Oct 1523, bur Stettin). He succeeded his father in 1474 as BOGISLAW X "the Great" Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. Duke of Pomerania 1478. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1523 5 Oct" of "dux Breszlaus", specifying that buried in Stettin "in mausoleo principum"[63].
m firstly (Prenzlau [20 Sep] 1477) MARGARETA von Brandenburg, daughter of FRIEDRICH II Elector of Brandenburg & his wife Katharina von Sachsen ([1450]-1489).
m secondly (Stettin 2 Feb 1491) ANNA of Poland, daughter of KASIMIERZ IV King of Poland & his wife Elisabeth Adss of Austria (12 Mar 1476-12 Aug 1503, bur Hildesheim). The Annales Colbazienses name "Anna regis Polonie Kazimiri filia" as wife of "dux Breszlaus", specifying that she died before her husband and was buried "in monasterio Hildensemensi"[64].
Bogislaw X & his first wife had one child:
1. BARNIM [X] (-young).
Bogislaw X & his second wife had seven children:
2. ANNA ([1492]-25 Apr 1550). m (5 Jun 1515) GEORG I Duke of Brieg, son of JOHANN II Duke of Lüben [Piast] & his wife Hedwig von Brieg [Piast] (1481/83-30 May 1521)
3. GEORG von Pommern (11 Apr 1493-9/10 May 1531). He succeeded his father in 1523 as GEORG I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. The Annales Colbazienses record the death in 1531 of "princeps Georgius Stettinensis, Pomeranie, Cassubie, Gozkoviensis"[65]. m firstly (22 May 1513) AMALIE von der Pfalz, daughter of PHILIPP Elector Palatine & his wife Margarita of Bavaria (Heidelberg 25 Jul 1490-Alt-Stettin 6 Jan 1524, bur Alt-Stettin St Otto). m secondly (Wolgast 6 Jan 1530) MARGARETA von Brandenburg, daughter of JOACHIM I Elector of Brandenburg & his wife --- (29 Sep 1511-1577). Georg I & his first wife had three children:
a) BOGISLAV [XI] (21 Mar 1514-young).
b) PHILIPP von Pommern (1531-60) (14 Jul 1515-14 Feb 1560, bur Wolgast). He succeeded his father in 1531 as PHILIPP I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast.
- see below.
c) MARGARETA (May 1518-Salzderhelden 24 Jun 1569, bur Osterode Ägidienkirche). m (Wolgast 9 Oct 1547) ERNST Herzog zu Braunschweig, son of PHILIPP Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg in Grubenhagen & his second wife Katharina von Mansfeld (17 Dec 1518-Herzberg 2 Apr 1567, bur Osterode Ägidienkirche). He succeeded his father in 1551 as ERNST V Herzog von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen. Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg 1566.
Georg I & his second wife had one child:
d) GEORGIA (28 Nov 1531-before 10 Jan 1574). m (24 Oct 1563) STANISLAV Graf von Labiszyn Latalski, Starost von Inowrazlaw und Schlochau (-11 Dec 1598)
4. KASIMIR [III] (28 Apr 1494-19 Oct 1518).
5. ELISABETH (-before 27 May 1518).
6. BARNIM von Pommern (2 Dec 1501-2 Nov 1573). He succeeded his father in 1523 as BARNIM XI Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. He abdicated in 1569. m (Stettin 6 Nov 1523) ANNA von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, daughter of HEINRICH Herzog von Braunschweig in Lüneburg & his wife --- (6 Dec 1502-6 Sep 1568, bur Stettin). The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1568 6 Nov" of "ducissa Lunenburgensis, Barnimi senior uxor", specifying that she was buried at Stettin[66]. Barnim XI & his wife had seven children:
a) ALEXANDRA (-young).
b) MARIE (2 Feb 1527-19 Feb 1554). m (1544) OTTO IV Graf von Schaumburg-Pinneburg (1517-21/22 Dec 1576).
c) DOROTHEA (7 Feb 1528-4 Jun 1558). m (8 Jul 1554) JOHANN Graf von Mansfeld-Hinterort (-3 Mar 1567).
d) ANNA (5 Feb 1531-13 Oct 1592). m firstly (Zerbst 16 May 1557) KARL Fürst von Anhalt-Zerbst (Dessau 17 [Nov/Dec] 1534-Zerbst 4 [Mar/May] 1561). m secondly (Stettin 25 Aug 1562) HEINRICH VI von Plauen Burggraf von Meissen (29 Dec 1536-22/25 Jan 1572). m thirdly (23 Sep 1576) JOBST II Graf von Barby (8 May 1544-9 Aug 1609)
e) BOGISLAV [XII] ([27 Aug 1542]-before 15 Sep 1542).
f) SIBILLA (25 Apr 1541-21 Sep 1564).
g) ELISABETH (-[1554]).
7. OTTO [IV] (1503-[1518]).
8. SOPHIE (1498-Kiel 13 May 1568). m (Kiel 9 Oct 1518) FREDERIK I King of Denmark (7 Oct 1471-10 Apr 1533).
PHILIPP von Pommern, son of GEORG I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast & his first wife Amalia von der Pfalz (14 Jul 1515-14 Feb 1560). He succeeded his father in 1531 as PHILIPP I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1560 14 Feb" of "dux Philippus, præfati Georgi filius", specifying that he left 5 sons and 3 daughters and was buried in Wolgast[67].
m (Torgau 27 Feb 1536) MARIA von Sachsen, daughter of JOHANN Elector of Saxony & his wife --- (Weimar 15 Jul 1515-Wolgast 7 Jan 1583).
Philipp I & his wife had ten children:
1. GEORG (13 Feb 1540-16 Nov 1544).
2. JOHANN FRIEDRICH von Pommern (27 Aug 1542-9 Feb 1600). He succeeded his father in 1560 as JOHANN FRIEDRICH I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. Duke of Pomerania in Stettin 1569. m (Stettin 17 Feb 1577) ERDMUTHE von Brandenburg, daughter of JOHANN GEORG Elector of Brandenburg & his wife --- (26 Jun 1561-Stolp 13 Nov 1623)
3. BOGISLAV von Pommern (9 Aug 1544-Stettin 7 Mar 1606). He succeeded his father in 1560 as BOGISLAW XIII Duke of Pomerania in Barth. m firstly (Franzburg 8 Sep 1572) as her second husband, KLARA von Braunschweig, widow of BERNHARD VII Fürst von Anhalt, daughter of FRANZ Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg in Giffhorn & his wife --- (1 Jan 1550-26 Jan 1598). m secondly (31 May 1601) ANNA von Schleswig-Holstein, daughter of JOHANN Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg & his wife --- (7 Oct 1577-30 Jan 1616). Bogislaw XIII & his first wife had eleven children:
a) PHILIPP von Pommern (28 Jul 1573-3 Feb 1618). He succeeded his father in 1606 as PHILIPP II Duke of Pomerania in Barth. m (8 Mar 1607) SOPHIE von Schleswig-Holstein, daughter of JOHANN Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg & his wife --- (30 May 1579-3 Jun 1618).
b) KLARA MARIA (Neuenkamp 10 Jul 1574-Hitzacker19 Feb 1623). m firstly (Barth 7 Oct 1593) SIGMUND AUGUST Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Schwerin 11 Nov 1561-Strelitz 5 Sep 1603). m secondly (Strelitz 13 Dec 1607) AUGUST I Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg in Hitzaker (Dannenberg 10 Apr 1579-Wolfenbüttel 17 Sep 1666).
c) KATHARINA (18 Jun 1575-11 Jul 1577).
d) FRANZ von Pommern (24 Mar 1577-Stettin 27 Nov 1620). Bishop of Kammin 1605/1618. He succeeded his brother in 1618 as FRANZ I Duke of Pomerania in Barth. m (Dresden 26 Aug 1610) SOPHIE von Sachsen, daughter of CHRISTIAN I Elector of Saxony & his wife --- (Dresden 29 Apr 1587-Stettin 9 Dec 1635).
e) ERDMUTHE (5 Apr 1578-11 Jul 1583).
f) BOGISLAW von Pommern (31 Mar 1580-10 Mar 1637). He succeeded his brother in 1620 as BOGISLAW XIV Duke of Pomerania in Barth. m (19 Feb 1625) ELISABETH von Schleswig-Holstein, daughter of JOHANN Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg & his wife --- (24 Sep 1580-21 Dec 1653).
g) GEORG [II] (30 Jan 1582-27 Mar 1617).
h) JOHANN ERNST (24 Feb 1586-1 Feb 1590).
i) ULRICH von Pommern (12 Aug 1587-Pribbernow 31 Oct 1622). Bishop of Kammin 1618. m (Wolfenbüttel 7 Feb 1619) HEDWIG von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (Wolgast 19 Feb 1595-Neustettin 26 Jun 1650).
j) SOPHIE HEDWIG (12 Jun 1588-3 Mar 1591).
k) ANNA (3 Oct 1590-7 Jul 1660). m (4 Aug 1619) ERNST Herzog von Croy und Aarschot (-7 Oct 1620).
4. ERNST LUDWIG (2 Nov 1545-Wolgast 17 Jun 1592). He succeeded his father in 1560 as ERNST LUDWIG I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. m (Wolgast 20 Oct 1577) SOPHIE HEDWIG von Braunschweig, daughter of JULIUS Herzog von Braunschweig in Wolfenbüttel & his wife --- (Wolfenbüttel 1 Dec 1561-Loitz 30 Jan 1631). Ernst Ludwig I & his wife had three children:
a) HEDWIG MARIA (19 Mar 1579-16 Apr 1606).
b) ELISABETH MAGDALENA (14 Jun 1580-23 Feb 1649). m (14 Mar 1600) FRIEDRICH I Duke of Courland [von Kettler] (25 Nov 1569-17 Aug 1639).
c) PHILIPP JULIUS von Pommern (27 Dec 1584-Wolgast 6 Feb 1625). He succeeded his father in 1592 as PHILIPP JULIUS I Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast. m (Berlin 25 Jun 1604) as her first husband, AGNES von Brandenburg, daughter of JOHANN GEORG Elector of Brandenburg & his wife --- (Berlin 17 Jul 1584-Schloss Neuhaus 26 Mar 1629). She married secondly (19 Sep 1628) Franz Karl Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg.
5. AMALIE (28 Jan 1547-16 Sep 1580).
6. BARNIM von Pommern (15 Feb 1549-1 Sep 1603). He succeeded his father in 1560 as BARNIM XII Duke of Pomerania in Rügenwalde. m (Berlin 8 Jan 1582) ANNA MARIA von Brandenburg, daughter of JOHANN GEORG Elector of Brandenburg & his wife --- (Schloss Zechlin 3 Feb 1567-Wollin 4/14 Nov 1618)
7. ERICH (22 Aug 1551-12/13 Dec 1551).
8. MARGARETA (19 Mar 1553-Ratzeburg 5 Sep 1581). m (Wolgast 26 Dec 1574) FRANZ II Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg (Ratzeburg 10 Aug 1547-Lauenburg 2 Jul 1619)
9. ANNA (18 Sep 1554-10 Sep 1626). m (9 Dec 1588) ULRICH III Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Schwerin 22 Apr 1528-Guestrow 14 Mar 1603)
10. KASIMIR [VII] (22 Mar 1557-10 May 1605). Bishop of Kammin 1574.
OTTO von Pommern, son of BARNIM I Duke of Pomerania & his third wife Beatrix von Brandenburg [Askanier] ([1 Jan /31 Aug] 1279-30/31 Dec 1344). "Boguslaus, Barnim et Otto…Duces Slauorum" confirmed the possessions of Kloster Gramzow by charter dated 22 Mar 1289, which names "patris nostri bone memorie domini Barnim et avi nostri junioris Bugslai, nec non proavi nostri senioris Bugslai"[68]. He succeeded his father in 1278 as OTTO I Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1344 III Kal Ian" of "domini Odo dux Stetiennensis" aged 66[69].
m firstly (Travemünde 1 Apr 1296) KATHARINA von Holstein, daughter of GERHARD II Graf von Holstein in Plön & his first wife Ingeborg Valdemarsdotter of Sweden (-before 23 May 1300). The Annales Lubicenses record the marriage "1296…in Travenemunde octo diebus post pascha" of "filiam Gherardi comitis Hottzatiæ" and "Otto dux Stetinensis"[70].
m secondly ELISABETH von Holstein, daughter of GERHARD II Graf von Holstein in Plön & his first wife Ingeborg Valdemarsdotter of Sweden (-20 Jul [1318/19]).
Otto I & his second wife had two children:
1. MECHTILD (-12 Jul 1332). m (contract Stettin 20 Jan 1317) JOHANN III Herr von Werle zu Goldberg, son of NIKOLAUS II Herr von Werle zu Parchim und Güstrow, Herr von Wenden [Mecklenburg] & his first wife Richiza of Denmark (-after 1 Apr 1352)
2. BARNIM von Pommern (before 1300-24 Aug 1368). He succeeded his father in 1344 as BARNIM III Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. He signed a protective treaty with Kazimierz III King of Poland at Poznań 24 Mar 1348[71]. m ([1330]) AGNES von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, daughter of HEINRICH II Herzog von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen & his first wife Jutta von Brandenburg [Askanier] ([end 1318]-1371 after 2 Jun, bur Stettin St Otto, transferred 1375 to Stettin Marienkirche). Barnim III & his wife had four children:
a) OTTO (-1337).
b) KASIMIR von Pommern (after 12 Jun 1348-1372 after 24 Aug). He succeeded his father in 1368 as KASIMIR III Duke of Pomerania in Stettin.
c) SWANTIBOR ([1351]-21 Jun 1413). He succeeded his brother in 1372 as SWANTIBOR I Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1413 XI Kal Iul" of "dux Swantoborus" recording that he was "hic sepultus"[72]. m (before 13 Sep 1374) ANNA von Nürnberg, daughter of ALBRECHT "der Schöne" joint Burggraf von Nürnberg & his wife Sophie von Henneberg heiress of Schmalkalden ([1360]-[1413]). Swantibor I & his wife had four children:
i) OTTO von Pommern ([1380]-27 Mar 1428). He succeeded his father in 1413 as OTTO II Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. m AGNES von Mecklenburg, daughter of JOHANN II Herzog von Mecklenburg in Stargard & his wife Wilhaida Katarzyna of Lithuania (-before 1467).
ii) ALBRECHT (-before 1412).
iii) KASIMIR (after 1380-12 Apr 1435). He succeeded as KASIMIR V Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1437 Id Apr" of "dux Kazimirus"[73]. m firstly (before 4 Aug 1426) KATHARINA von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, daughter of BERNHARD I Herzog von Braunschweig in Lüneburg & his wife Margareta von Sachsen-Wittenberg (-1429 after 6 May, bur Verchen). m secondly (1431) ELISABETH von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, daughter of ERICH Herzog von Braunschweig in Grubenhagen & his wife Elisabeth von Braunschweig-Göttingen (1409-Oct 1452). Kasimir V & his first wife had four children:
(a) JOACHIM (before 1424-young).
(b) JOACHIM (after 1424-1451 after 8 Sep). He succeeded his father in 1435 as JOACHIM I Duke of Pomerania in Stettin. The Annales Colbazienses record the death in 1451 of "dux Ioachim"[74]. m (29 Sep 1440) as her first husband, ELISABETH von Brandenburg, daughter of JOHANN Markgraf von Brandenburg & his wife Barbara von Sachsen (1425-after 31 Jan 1465). She married secondly (5 Mar 1454) as his first wife, Wartislaw X Duke of Pomerania. Joachim I & his wife had one child:
(1) OTTO (29 May 1444-10 Sep 1464). He succeeded his father as OTTO III Duke of Pomerania in Stettin.
(c) ANNA (before 1421-[14 May 1447/21 Nov 1459]). m (Papal dispensation 3o Basel 25 Sep 1435, 17 Sep 1436) JOHANN V Herzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin, son of JOHANN IV Herzog von Mecklenburg & his second wife Katharina von Sachsen-Lauenburg (-[1 Nov 1442/13 Jan 1443]).
(d) MARGARETA (before 1422-after 13 Apr 1464). m (26 May 1439) ALBRECHT VIII Graf von Lindau-Ruppin ([1405]-[30 Aug 1459/Dec 1460]).
iv) MARGARETA (-[1450]). m as his second wife, ULRICH I Herzog von Mecklenburg in Stargard, son of JOHANN II Herzog von Mecklenburg-Stargard & his third wife Agnes von Lindau-Ruppin (-8 Apr 1417, bur [Wanzka]).
d) BOGISLAW [VII] ([1355]-1404 after 19 Nov).
WARTISLAW, son of SWANTIBOR & his wife --- (-1196). Castellan of Stettin 1173. Regent 1187/1189. The Annales Colbazienses record the death in 1196 of "Wartizlaus filius Svantobori"[75].
m ---. The name of Wartislaw´s wife is not known.
Wartislaw & his wife had four children:
1. BARTHOLOMÄUS (-1219 after 19 Nov). Castellan of Gützkow. m ---. The name of Bartholomäus´s wife is not known. Bartholomäus & his wife had one child:
a) WARTISLAW ([1175/80]-1233). Castellan of Stettin. Herr von Gützkow 1219. The Annales Colbazienses record the death in 1233 of "Wartizlaus filius Bartholomei"[76]. [m firstly [1200/10]) ---.] m [secondly] ([1212/18]) as her second husband, DOBROSLAWA von Pommern, widow of BOLESŁAW of Poland Prince of Kujavia [Piast], daughter of BOGISLAW I Duke of Pomerania ([1162/72]-[1220/26] or after). Wartislaw & his [first] wife had one child:
i) BARTHOLOMÄUS ([1206/10]-[1259/60]).
2. WARTISLAW (-[1230/32]). Castellan of Stettin.
3. KONRAD (-1233). Canon at Kammin Cathedral 1176/1186, provost 1186/1189 and 1208. Bishop of Kammin 1219.
4. KASIMIR (-[1219]). Castellan of Kołobrzeg. m ---. The name of Kasimir´s wife is not known. 1219/1242. Kasimir & his wife had [three] children:
a) SWIETOSLAWA [Swiatochna] (-after Aug 1217). Baumgarten names "Swiatochna de Poméranie, fille de Casimir" as second wife of Boris but cites no sources in support[77]. m ([1212/16]) as his second wife, BORIS Davidovich Prince of Polotsk, son of DAVID Rostislavich Prince of Polotsk & his wife --- (-1226).
b) SWANTIBOR . 1219/1244. m ---. The name of Swantibor´s wife is not known. Swantibor & his wife had one child:
i) KASIMIR (-[6 Jul 1277/1280]). Castellan of Kołobrzeg 1219. m as her first husband, MIROSLAWA, daughter of ---. She married secondly (before 23 Mar 1281) Johann Ramel, castellan of Kolberg and Pomeranian counsellor, 1265/1297.
c) [daughter . m (before 1219) CZYRNEK Castellan of Kołobrzeg . 1219/before 8 Jul 1253.]
KRUKO, son of --- (-[1105]).
m ---. The name of Kruko´s wife is not known.
Kruko & his wife had one child:
1. RATZE (-[1141]). m ---. The name of Ratze´s wife is not known. Ratze & his wife had two children:
a) TEZLAW (-after 1168). rex 1164, princeps 1168.
b) JAROMAR [I] (-[1217/18]). princeps Rugianorum 1168. m ---. The name of Jaromar´s wife is not known. Jaromar & his wife had [five] children:
i) BARNUTA (-[5 Feb 1236/6 Jan 1237]). princeps 1219. m ---. The name of Barnuta´s wife is not known. Barnuta & his wife had two children:
(a) DOBIZLAW . Herr von Gristow 1237/1249.
(b) JOHANN [I] (-[5 Feb 1236/8 Jan 1237]). Herr von Gristow.
- see below, Part B. HERREN von GRISTOW.
ii) WIZLAW [I] (-[7 Jun 1250/1256]). princeps 1221.
- see below.
iii) PYBYGNEW (-before 5 Mar 1232).
iv) [LUCIA] (-19 Feb after 1208). m (before 1195) WŁADISŁAW of Poland, son of MIESZKO III "Stary/the Old" Prince of Greater Poland & his second wife Ievdokia Iziaslavna of Kiev ([1161/67]-3 Nov 1231). He succeeded his father in 1202 as WŁADYSŁAW III "Laskonogi/Thinboned" Prince of Greater Poland. Prince of Poznan, Gnesen and Krakow.
v) [ZWENTEPOLK (-after 18 Feb 1207).]
WIZLAW von Rügen, son of JAROMAR [I] [Fürst von Rügen] & his wife --- (-[7 Jun 1250/1256]). princeps 1221. “Wyzlaus…princeps Ruganorum nec non Wyzlaus et Jamborus…principes iuniores” confirmed the jurisdiction of Roskilde over “monasterio Bergensi” by charter dated 1246[78].
m ---. The name of Wizlaw´s wife is not known.
Wizlaw & his wife had six children:
1. JAROSLAW (-[1242/43]). Provost at Tribsees.
2. PETRUS (-after 1237).
3. WIZLAW (-10 Jul 1243/44). “Wyzlaus…princeps Ruganorum nec non Wyzlaus et Jamborus…principes iuniores” confirmed the jurisdiction of Roskilde over “monasterio Bergensi” by charter dated 1246[79].
4. JAROMAR [II] (-killed in battle 1260 after 20 Aug). “Wyzlaus…princeps Ruganorum nec non Wyzlaus et Jamborus…principes iuniores” confirmed the jurisdiction of Roskilde over “monasterio Bergensi” by charter dated 1246[80]. A charter dated 17 May 1249 records the agreement between “dominum Jaromarum Principem Ruyanorum” and “Borantem de Borantenhaghen, nobilem Baronem de genere eiusdem Principis” with respect to a division of territories, witnessed by “Dominus Wartislaus Dux Diminensis…”[81]. m EUPHEMIA von Pommerellen, daughter of SWIATOPOLK II Herzog von Pommerellen & his first wife Euphrosyne ---. 1248/1261. Jaromar & his wife had four children:
a) WIZLAW [II] (-Oslo 29 Dec 1302, bur Oslo).
- see below.
b) MARGARETA (-1272 after 27 May). The Cronica Principum Saxonie records the wife of "Erichus [filius Abel]" as "filiam Ieronimi principis Ranorum sive Rugianorum"[82]. The Annales Ryenses record the death in 1272 of "ducissa Margareta in partu", listed after the death of her husband[83]. m ([1257/60]) ERIK Abelsen of Denmark, son of ABEL King of Denmark & his wife Mechtild von Holstein (-27 May 1272). He succeeded his brother in 1257 as ERIK I Herzog von Schleswig [Sønderjylland].
c) JAROMAR [III] (-[6 Jul 1282/10 Oct 1285]). Fürst von Rügen 1268.
d) [84]EUPHEMIA . m GÜNTHER I Graf von Lindau .
5. BURISLAW (-before 16 Sep 1237).
6. NIKOLAUS (-before 16 Sep 1237).
WIZLAW [II] von Rügen, son of JAROMAR [II] Fürst von Rügen & his wife Euphemia von Pommerellen (-Oslo 29 Dec 1302, bur Oslo). WIZLAW II Fürst von Rügen 1261.
m ([1263/65]) AGNES von Braunschweig, daughter of OTTO "das Kind" Herzog von Braunschweig & his wife Mathilde von Brandenburg (-[28/31] Dec 1327). The Chronica Principum Brunsvicensium names "Agnetem" as youngest daughter of "Ottonem senior ex Mechthilde" and her husband "Wizlaus dominus Rugie"[85].
Wizlaw II & his wife had eight children:
1. WIZLAW (-8 Nov 1325). He succeeded his father in 1302 as WIZLAW III Fürst von Rügen. Rügen was transferred to Wartislaw IV Duke of Pomerania in Wolgast in accordance with the terms of the inheritance treaty 5 May 1321[86]. m firstly MARGARETA von Schwerin, daughter of NIKOLAUS [I] Graf von Schwerin in Wittenburg & his second wife Miroslava von Pommern. 1305/1310. m secondly as her first husband, AGNES von Lindau-Ruppin, daughter of [ULRICH I] Graf von Lindau-Ruppin (-9 May 1343). She married secondly ([25 May/27 Jun] 1328) Heinrich II Herzog von Mecklenburg, and thirdly (after 22 Jan 1329) Rudolf I Herzog von Sachsen-Wittenberg. Wizlaw III & his wife had three children:
a) EUPHEMIA . 1313.
b) AGNES von Rügen (-before 25 Jan 1337). m (contract 9 Aug 1324, before 2 Sep 1324) as his first wife, ALBRECHT II Graf von Anhalt, son of ALBRECHT I Graf von Anhalt in Köthen und Zerbst & his second wife Agnes von Brandenburg [Askanier] (-[22 Aug 1360/17 Jul 1362]).
c) JAROMAR (-24/25 May 1325).
2. JAROMAR (-[23 Sep 1293/13 Jul 1294). Elected Bishop of Kammin 1289.
3. SAMBOR (-4 Jun 1304). He succeeded his father in 1302 as SAMBOR Fürst von Rügen.
4. MARGARETA ([1265/70]-[4 Dec 1315/3 Feb 1320]). m ([1283/87]) as his second wife, BOGISLAW IV Duke of Pomerania zu Wolgast, son of BARNIM I Duke of Pomerania & his second wife Margareta von Werle [Mecklenburg] (before 1258-19 Feb 1309, bur Stettin Marienkirche).
5. HELENA ([1270]-9 Aug 1315, bur Kloster Wiederstedt). m firstly (3 Nov 1288) JOHANN [III] von Mecklenburg, son of HEINRICH I Fürst von Mecklenburg & his wife Anastasia von Pommern (-drowned near Poel 27 Jan 1289, bur Wismar Graues Kloster). m secondly (before 26 Dec 1302) BERNHARD II Fürst von Anhalt in Bernburg, son of BERNHARD I Fürst von Anhalt in Bernburg Graf von Aschersleben & his wife Sophia of Denmark ([1260]-after 26 Dec 1323).
6. SWENTEPOLK . 1285.
7. EUPHEMIA (-1 May 1312). m (early 1299) HAAKON Magnusson of Norway, son of MAGNUS IV "Lagabøte/Lagabæter/the Law-reformer" King of Norway & his wife Ingeborg of Denmark (Tönsberg [10 Apr] 1270-Tönsberg 8 May 1319, bur Oslo, Maria Church). He succeeded his brother in 1299 as HAAKON V King of Norway.
8. SOPHIA . 1302.
JOHANN von Gristow, son of BARNUTA [Fürst von Rügen] & his wife --- (-[5 Feb 1236/8 Jan 1237]). Herr von Gristow.
m ---. The name of Johann´s wife is not known.
Johann & his wife had [three] children:
1. JOHANN [II] (-before 22 Feb 1345). m ---. The name of Johann´s wife is not known. 1309. Johann & his wife had seven children:
a) BERTRAM [I] . 1309/1337.
b) WERNER [I] . 1313/1340. m ---. The name of Werner´s wife is not known. Werner & his wife had [four] children:
i) [BARTHOLOMÄUS [III] . 1345/1362.]
ii) [BERTRAM [II] . 1347/1362.]
iii) [WERNER [II] . 1345/1362.]
iv) [JOHANN [V] .]
c) JOHANN [III] . 1314/1345.
d) BARTHOLOMÄUS [II] (-before 25 Apr 1355).
e) HEINRICH (-before 25 Apr 1355).
f) DETLEF . 1323/1335. m MERDIS, daughter of ---. 1325.
g) NIKOLAUS . 1335/1340.
2. BARTHOLOMÄUS [I] (-before 9 Jun 1309). m ---. The name of Bartholomäus´s wife is not known. Bartolomäus & his wife had two children:
a) JOHANN [IV] . 1309/1331.
b) GERHARD . 1313/[1362].
3. [IDA . 1344/1356. m JOHANN Dotenberg (-before 1344).]
As outlined in the Introduction, Eastern Pomerania, centred around the city of Gdansk, more easily accepted Piast domination than western Pomerania. The area enjoyed a brief period of autonomy as the duchy of Pomorze [Pommerellen] under its own princes during the 13th century. The last independent prince, Mszczuj II, bequeathed his duchy to one of the Polish princes of the Piast dynasty. This was challenged by the Markgrafen of Brandenburg, who were granted Pomorze as a fief in 1306 by Václav II [Wenzel] King of Bohemia who also claimed the Polish throne. The Poles repelled the Askanian invasion of Gdansk in 1308 with the help of the Teutonic Knights, but the latter refused to leave the area[87].
SOBIESLAW [I], son of --- (-13 Jan after 1178). m ---. The name of Sobieslaw´s wife is not known. Sobieslaw & his wife had two children:
1. SAMBOR [I] (-[1207]). princeps pommeranorum 1178. m ---. The name of Sambor´s wife is not known. 1178. Sambor & his wife had one child:
a) SOBIESLAW [II] (-28 Dec after 1216).
2. MESTWIN [Mszczuj] [I] (-1/2 May 1213/14). Herzog von Pommerellen. m SWINISLAWA, daughter of --- (-4 Sep 1228/29). Mestwin & his wife had seven children:
a) SWANTOPOLK [I] (-10 Jan 1266). The Annales Colbazienses record the death "1267 IV Id Feb" of "Suantopolaus dux nobilis Pomeranorum"[88]. [m firstly SALOMEA Romanovich, daughter of ROMAN Mstislavich Prince of Galich & his first wife Predslava Rurikovna (-before [1220]). Baumgarten quotes an early secondary source which records that "Swantipolk II Cassaborum et Henitorum in Pomerella Princeps" married "Salome fil. Romari Russi", suggesting that "Romari" is a corruption of "Romani" and identifying her father as Roman of Galich whose maternal grandmother was Salome von Berg, after whom her supposed great-granddaughter would have been named[89]. It is not certain that this was Swantopolk [I], but it seems likely from a chronological point of view as daughters of Roman (by his first wife) would have been born in [1185/95].] m [firstly/secondly] (before 1225) EUPHROSYNE, daughter of --- (-23 Aug 1235). m [secondly/thirdly] ERMENGARDA von Schwerin, daughter of HEINRICH I Graf von Schwerin & his wife Audacja of Kujavia . 1252/1270. Heiress of Schlawe. Swantepolk & his first wife had two children:
i) MESTWIN [Mszczuj] (-25 Dec 1294). He succeeded his father in 1266 as MESTWIN II Duke of Pommerellen [Pomorze]. Herzog von Schwetz [Świecie]. He nominated Przemysł II Duke of Greater Poland as his successor in Pomorze[90]. m firstly ([1253/55]) JUTTA von Wettin, daughter of DIETRICH [I] Graf von Brehna & his wife Eudoxia of Mazovia [Piast] (-[1269/73]). 1267. m secondly (1275, divorced before Aug 1288) as her second husband, EUPHROSYNE [Eufrozyna] von Oppeln, widow of KAZIMIERZ Prince of Kujavia [Piast], daughter of KASIMIR Duke of Oppeln [Piast] & his wife Viola --- ([1228/30]-4 Nov 1292). m thirdly (26 Aug 1288) SULISLAWA [Sulka], daughter of ---. Mestwin & his first wife had one child:
(a) KATHARINA (-after 1 Jan 1312). m ([1 Apr 1269/[1276/80]]) PRIBISLAW [II] von Mecklenburg Herr zu Wollin, son of PRIBISLAW [I] Herr von Mecklenburg & his first wife --- von Friesack (-after 21 Jun 1316).
ii) EUPHEMIA . 1248/1261. m JAROMAR II Fürst von Rügen, son of WIZLAW von Rügen & his wife --- (-1260).
Swantepolk & his [first/second] wife had one child:
iii) [91][HEDWIG] . m KNUD Valdemarssen of Denmark Duke of Estonia, illegitimate son of VALDEMAR II "Sejr/the Conqueror" King of Denmark & his wife his mistress Helene Guttormsdotter (1211-15 Oct 1260, bur Ringsted Church).
Swantepolk & his second wife had [four] children:
iv) WARTISLAW [II] (-1271). Herzog von Danzig.
v) daughter . m HEINRICH Graf von Kirchberg auf der Hainleite (-1277 or after).
vi) JOHANNES (-22 Aug ----).
vii) [DAMBROKA .]
b) WARTISLAW [I] (-[4 May 1224/1227]). Herzog von Schwetz.
c) SAMBOR [II] ([1206/07]-[30 Dec 1278/9 Jan 1279]). Herzog von Dirschau. m (1229) MECHTILD von Mecklenburg, daughter of HEINRICH BORWIN Fürst von Mecklenburg & his wife Christine [of Sweden] (-23 Nov 1270). Sambor & his wife had seven children:
i) SOBIESLAW (-1 Apr 1253).
ii) SAMBIRIA ([1230/34]-Rostock Dec 1282, bur Doberan Abbey). She was known as MARGRETE in Denmark. "Margaretæ Danorum reginæ" granted rights of wreck to Lübeck by charter dated 16 Aug 1264[92]. m (1248) CHRISTOFFER Valdemarsen of Denmark, son of VALDEMAR II "Sejr/the Conqueror" King of Denmark & his second wife Infanta dona Berengaria de Portugal ([1219]-Ribe 29 May 1259, bur Ribe Cathedral). He succeeded his brother in 1252 as CHRISTOFFER I King of Denmark.
iii) ALENTA [Lolanta/Adelajda] ([1231/45]-[22 Feb 1296/15 Feb 1309]). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum refers to the second wife of "Boleslaus Calvus" as "filiam Samborii ducis Pomeranie"[93]. The Chronica principum Polonie records that her husband "Boleslaus calvus" was disgusted with her because of "pellicem turpissimam" and that she fled[94]. The primary source which confirms her name and first marriage has not yet been identified. m firstly ---. m secondly (after 1260) as his first wife, BOLESLAW II "Rogatka" Duke of Lower Silesia, son of HEINRICH II Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland & his wife Anna of Bohemia ([1220/25]-[26/31] Dec 1278, bur Liegnitz Dominikanerkirche).
iv) SWINISLAWA (-after 16 Oct 1280). m ([1260]) DOBISLAW Sadowic Odrowaz . 1256/1280.
v) EUPHEMIA ([1255/56]-1317, bur Neuruppin Klosterkirche). m ([1273/78]) ADOLF Graf von Holstein in Segeberg, son of JOHANN I Graf von Holstein-Schaumburg in Kiel & his wife Elisabeth von Sachsen (-[10 Apr/11 Nov] 1308).
vi) SALOME (before [1256/57]-[3 Oct 1312/1314]). m ([1274/75]) ZIEMOMYSŁ Prince of Kujavia, son of KAZIMIERZ I Prince of Kujavia, Łęczyca and Sieradz [Piast] & his second wife Konstanze von Schlesien [Piast] ([1241/45]-[29 Oct/24 Dec] 1287).
vii) GERTRUD ([1257/58]-[1312]).
d) RATIBOR (-before 1276). Herzog von Belgard. Knight of the Teutonic Order 1269. m (before 1240) ---, sister of TETISLAUS ---.
e) MIROSLAWA (-after 18 May 1233). m BOGISLAW II Duke of Pomerania, son of BOGISLAW I Duke of Pomerania & his second wife Anastasia of Poland (-24 Jan 1220).
f) WITOSLAWA . 1275/1289. Prioress at Zuckau.
g) MILOSLAWA (-9 Jul 1290). Nun at Zuckau.
[1] Dzięcioł, Witold (1963) The Origins of Poland (Veritas, London), p. 100.
[2] Dzięcioł (1963), pp. 114 and 123.
[3] Dzięcioł (1963), pp. 113-5.
[4] Widukind Rerum Gestarum Saxonicarum, III, c. 66-67, quoted in Dzięcioł (1963), p. 282 footnote 22.
[5] Widukind Rerum Gestarum Saxonicarum, III, 69, cited in Dzięcioł (1963), p. 134.
[6] Dzięcioł (1963), pp. 116-17 and 197.
[7] Knoll (1972), p. W. (1972) The Rise of the Polish Monarchy: Piast Poland in East Central Europe 1320-1370 (University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London), pp. 30-2.
[8] ES III 1-4 (Pomerania), ES III 5 (Rügen), and ES III 6 (Pomorze).
[9] Riedel, A. F. (ed.) (1838-1863) Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil (Berlin), Band 13, VII, I, p. 483.
[10] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VIII, p. 85.
[11] Baumgarten, N. de 'Généalogies et mariages occidentaux des Rurikides Russes du X au XIII siècles´, Orientalia Christiana Vol. IX - 1, No. 35, May 1927 (reprint, Pont. Institutum Orientalium Studiorum, Rome) (“Baumgarten (1927)”), p. 11, citing N. de Baumgarten, Pribyslawa princesse de Poméranie.
[12] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, I, p. 483.
[13] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VIII, p. 85.
[14] Arnoldi Chronica Slavorum V, 7, MGH SS XXI, p. 183.
[15] Annales Colbazienses 1196, MGH SS XIX, p. 716.
[16] Christiansen, E. (1980) Saxo Grammaticus, Danorum Regum Heroumque Historia, Books X-XVI (B. A. R. International Series 84), 13, V, pp. 119-20.
[17] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VII, p. 84.
[18] Helmoldi Chronica Slavorum II, 4, MGH SS XXI, pp. 90 and 91.
[19] Jordan, K., trans. Falla, P. S. (1986) Henry the Lion: a Biography (Clarendon Press, Oxford), p. 81.
[20] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VIII, p. 85.
[21] Jordan (1986), p. 177.
[22] Jordan (1986), p. 180.
[23] Annales Colbazienses 1187, MGH SS XIX, p. 715.
[24] Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum, MGH SS XIX, p. 562.
[25] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, IX, p. 87.
[26] Annales Colbazienses 1183, MGH SS XIX, p. 715.
[27] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, IX, p. 87.
[28] Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum, MGH SS XIX, p. 562.
[29] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[30] Codex Brandenburgensis, Dritte Abteilung - Die Altmark, Band 22, XXIV Kloster Arendsee, II, p. 3.
[31] Codex Brandenburgensis, Dritte Abteilung - Die Altmark, Band 22, XXIV Kloster Arendsee, XL, p. 23.
[32] Brenner, S. O. (1978) Nachkommen Gorms des Alten I-XVI Generation (Dansk Historisk Haandbogsforlag), p. 258 note 147.
[33] Codex Brandenburgensis, Dritte Abteilung - Die Altmark, Band 22, XXIV Kloster Arendsee, XL, p. 23.
[34] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VII, p. 84.
[35] Helmoldi Chronica Slavorum II, 4, MGH SS XXI, pp. 90 and 91.
[36] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, VIII, p. 85.
[37] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil - Band 3, IX, p. 87.
[38] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[39] Baumgarten (1927), p. 41, citing Reusner (1592) Basilikon opus Genealogicum Catholicum, p. 469.
[40] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[41] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erste Haupttheil - Band 24, III, p. 2.
[42] Annales Colbazienses 1278, MGH SS XIX, p. 716.
[43] Annales Lubicenses 1298, MGH SS XVI, p. 417.
[44] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[45] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[46] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[47] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[48] ES I.3 302.
[49] Annales Lubicenses 1300, MGH SS XVI, p. 417.
[50] Knoll (1972), pp. 48-50.
[51] ES III 1.
[52] Knoll (1972), p. 115, citing Dogiel, M. (1758-64) Codex diplomaticus regni Poloniæ et magni ducatas Lithuaniæ, 3 vols. (Vilno), I, 568.
[53] Knoll (1972), p. 115.
[54] Knoll (1972), p. 214.
[55] Knoll (1972), p. 214.
[56] Knoll (1972), pp. 229-30.
[57] Knoll (1972), p. 235.
[58] Knoll (1972), p. 161.
[59] Knoll (1972), p. 176.
[60] Knoll (1972), p. 230.
[61] Imsen, Steinar 'Late Medieval Scandinavian Queenship', Duggan, A. (ed.) (1997) Queens and Queenship in Medieval Europe (The Boydell Press), p. 56.
[62] Necrologium Runense, Salzburg Necrologies (Regio Styriaca), p. 341.
[63] Annales Colbazienses 1523, MGH SS XIX, p. 719.
[64] Annales Colbazienses 1523, MGH SS XIX, p. 719.
[65] Annales Colbazienses 1531, MGH SS XIX, p. 719.
[66] Annales Colbazienses 1568, MGH SS XIX, p. 719.
[67] Annales Colbazienses 1560, MGH SS XIX, p. 719.
[68] Codex Brandenburgensis, Erster Haupttheil, Band 13, VII, V, p. 486.
[69] Annales Colbazienses 1344, MGH SS XIX, p. 718.
[70] Annales Lubicenses 1296, MGH SS XVI, p. 416.
[71] Knoll (1972), p. 194.
[72] Annales Colbazienses 1413, MGH SS XIX, p. 718.
[73] Annales Colbazienses 1437, MGH SS XIX, p. 718.
[74] Annales Colbazienses 1451, MGH SS XIX, p. 718.
[75] Annales Colbazienses 1196, MGH SS XIX, p. 716.
[76] Annales Colbazienses 1233, MGH SS XIX, p. 716.
[77] Baumgarten (1927), p. 36.
[78] Thorkelin, G. J. (ed.) (1776) Diplomatarium Arna-Magnæanum, Tomus I 1085-1259, p. 304.
[79] Diplomatarium Arna-Magnæanum, I, p. 304.
[80] Diplomatarium Arna-Magnæanum, I, p. 304.
[81] Diplomatarium Arna-Magnæanum, p. 170.
[82] Cronica Principum Saxonie 6, MGH SS XXV, p. 473.
[83] Annales Ryenses 1272, MGH SS XVI, p. 408.
[84] She is not shown in ES III.5.
[85] Chronica Principum Brunsvicensium 12, MGH SS XXX.1, p. 27.
[86] ES III 5.
[87] Knoll (1972), pp. 30-2.
[88] Annales Colbazienses 1267, MGH SS XIX, p. 716.
[89] Baumgarten (1927), p. 41, citing Reusner (1592) Basilikon opus Genealogicum Catholicum, I 468.
[90] Knoll (1972), p. 17.
[91] Brenner (1978), p. 15. She is unnamed in ES III.6.
[92] Regesta Diplomatica Danica 1109, p. 139.
[93] Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum, MGH SS XIX, p. 569.
[94] Chronica principum Poloniæ, Silesiacarum Scriptores I, p. 111.