The county of Armagnac was formed in the eastern part of the county of Fezensac in the 960s when it was granted as an appanage to Bernard, younger son of Guillaume Garcia Comte de Fezensac. The family of the earliest comtes d’Armagnac is set out in Part A. of this chapter. The history of Armagnac outshone that of its parent county, the family of the latter becoming extinct in the male line with the death of Astenove [II] Comte de Fezensac in 1098, after which his daughter and heiress married Gérard [III] Comte d’Armagnac who acquired the Fezensac territory and title. The combined territory of Armagnac and Fezensac covered most of the present-day French département of Gers and the easternmost part of the département de Landes. Its main town was Auch. The male line of Comte Gérard [III] became extinct in the early 13th century when the county passed, through the female line, to the family of the vicomtes de Lomagne.

BERNARD "le Louche", son of GUILLAUME García de Gascogne Comte de Fezensac & his wife --- (-after 1029). The Codex de Roda names "Regemundus de Fedenzac, et Oton, ac Fridolo, et Bernardo, at domna ---" as the children of "Gilelmo Garsies" and his unnamed wife[1]. The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Ottonem cognomina Fultam et Bernardum Luscum" as children of "Guillelmus-Garsias Consul Fidentiaci", stating that they divided their territories between them, Bernard taking "Armaniacum" and also commenting that Bernard built "Monasterium S. Orientii"[2]. Comte d'Armagnac et d'Aignan [965]. Monlezun names "Othon et Bernard" as the two sons of Guillaume Garcia, specifying that Bernard succeeded his father in "l'occident sous le nom d'Armagnac…[comprenant] les cantons actuels de Riscle, d'Aignan, de Nogaro et de Cazaubon" but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[3]. "Bernardus Luscus" founded the monastery of Saint-Orens at Auch, with the advice of "uxoris suæ Emerinæ", by charter dated to [956][4]. "Oddo comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated to [960] "regnante tres fratres germanos Oddo comite, Bernardo comite, Fredelone comite"[5].

m ([956] or before) EMERINA, daughter of ---. "Bernardus Luscus" founded the monastery of Saint-Orens at Auch, with the advice of "uxoris suæ Emerinæ", by charter dated to [956][6].

Comte Bernard [I] & his wife had one child:

1. GERAUD [I] "Trencaléon" (-before 29 Jul 1011). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Gerardum Trencaleonem" as son of "Bernardum Luscum"[7]. Comte d'Armagnac. The date of his death is set by the Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis which quotes a charter dated 29 Jul 1011 under which "Ugo…Præsul, secundum lineam carnis eidem Duci propinquis et affinis", with the consent of "eodem Duce [provinciam Vasconiam Sanctione…ducatum]…et Arnaldo Vicecomite et cum coniuge sua eorumque filio Arnaldo, eiusque coniuge Adalias…", donated property to the convent of Condom[8]. m firstly ---. The primary source which confirms this first marriage has not been identified. m secondly as her first husband, ADELAIS, daughter of ---. Her first and second marriages are confirmed by the charter of her son (by her second marriage) who declares himself "Oddo de Lomania frater Bernardi comitis Armaniacensis" in his donation of property to the monastery of Saint-Mont dated to [1062][9]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[10], she was Adelais de Poitou, daughter of Guillaume V Duke of Aquitaine [Guillaume III Comte de Poitou], but this appears impossible chronologically. Jaurgain states that Adelais must have been the daughter of Duke Guillaume V by his second marriage to Sancha [Brisca] de Gascogne, adding that this is the only way to explain why her son Bernard was accepted as Comte de Gascogne after the death of Eudes Duke of Gascony and Aquitaine who would, if this hypothesis was correct, have been Bernard’s maternal uncle[11]. However, as can be seen in the document AQUITAINE DUKES, the children of this couple must have been born during the period [1011/18], which means that the charter dated 29 Jul 1011 which fixes the timing of the death of Adelais’s first husband and her second marriage must be incorrectly dated by at least twenty if not thirty years. She married secondly (before 29 Jul 1011) Arnaud [II] Vicomte de Lomagne. Her second marriage is confirmed, and its date set, by the Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis which quotes a charter dated 29 Jul 1011 under which "Ugo…Præsul, secundum lineam carnis eidem Duci propinquis et affinis", with the consent of "eodem Duce [provinciam Vasconiam Sanctione…ducatum]…et Arnaldo Vicecomite et cum coniuge sua eorumque filio Arnaldo, eiusque coniuge Adalias…", donated property to the convent of Condom[12]. Comte Géraud [I] & his first wife had one child:

a) GALDIS . According to Jaurgain, her dowry was the vicomté de Corneillan, but he cites no primary source which confirms her parentage and her marriage[13]. m ([1020]) ADHEMAR de Polastron, son of ---.

Comte Géraud [I] & his second wife had [three] children:

b) BERNARD [II] "Tumpaler" (-before 1090). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Bernardus Tumapaler" as son of "Gerardum Trencaleonem"[14]. Comte d'Armagnac. He was recognised as Comte de Gascogne in 1039 after the death of Eudes Duke of Gascony, Duke of Aquitaine, Comte de Poitou[15]. "Bernardus…Armaniacensis comes cum uxore mea…Ermengardis" exchanged property with the archbishop of Auch by charter dated May 1052[16]. "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo cum uxore mea comitissa…Ermengarda ac filiis meius Geraldo et Arnaldo-Bernardo" founded the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[17]. "B. Tumpaler comes Gasconiæ et vicecomes Aquensis Garsie Arnaud, et Od Guilem vicarius de Salies" donated property to the church of Sainte-Marie de Lescar by charter dated to [end 1061][18]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "Geraldus filius meus et frater eius Arnaldus Bernardus, Ademarus vicecomes Polestrensis et filii eius Willelmus Fedacus…Oddo et Fedacus", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[19]. The dating clause of this charter explains that Comte Bernard had sold his rights to Gascony to "duce Guidone duce Pictaviensi Equitaniam et totam Guasconiam regente". According to Jaurgain, after he was defeated by Guillaume VIII Duke of Aquitaine, Comte Bernard abdicated in favour of his two sons, swore his monastic vows at the monastery of Cluny, and returned to Saint-Mont as a monk[20]. m ERMENGARDIS, daughter of ---. "Bernardus comes [et] Ermengardis uxor mea" and their two sons made a joint donation to Cluny dated 1049[21]. "Bernardus…Armaniacensis comes cum uxore mea…Ermengardis" exchanged property with the archbishop of Auch by charter dated May 1052[22]. "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "…uxore mea comitissa…Ermengarda…" founded the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[23]. Comte Bernard [II] & his wife had two children:

i) GERAUD [II] (-end 1095). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Geraldum" as son of "Bernardus Tumapaler"[24]. "Arnaldus et Geraldus filii nostri" and their parents made a joint donation to Cluny dated 1049[25]. Comte d'Armagnac.

- see below.

ii) ARNAUD BERNARD (-[1080]). "Arnaldus et Geraldus filii nostri" and their parents made a joint donation to Cluny dated 1049[26]. "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "…filiis meis Geraldo et Arnaldo-Bernardo" founded the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[27]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "Geraldus filius meus et frater eius Arnaldus Bernardus…", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[28]. An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes property donated by "Geraldus filius [Bernardi comitis]" for the soul of "fratris sui Arnoldi Bernardi", dated to [1080][29].

c) [BRACHEUTE d’Armagnac . Père Anselme records “Bracheute d’Armagnac, mariée à N--- seigneur de la Force” was the daughter of Géraud [I] Comte d’Armagnac “suivant Oihenart, p. 492”[30]. m --- Seigneur de la Force, son of ---.]

d) [ADELAIS . Père Anselme records that Adelais, daughter of Géraud [I] Comte d’Armagnac, married Gaston [III] Vicomte de Béarn[31], but there is uncertainty about her origin. "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" founded the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[32]. Assuming that nepos should be interpreted in its strict sense, Centule's mother was therefore the sister of Bernard Comte d'Armagnac. However, the unresolved question is whether Adelais was Bernard's full sister or uterine half-sister. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[33], she was Adelais de Lomagne, daughter of Arnaud [II] Vicomte de Lomagne & his wife. Presumably this is extrapolated from the charter dated to [1062] under which "Oddo de Lomania frater Bernardi comitis Armaniacensis" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont[34]. m firstly (1030, maybe separated 1038) GASTON [III] Vicomte de Béarn, son of CENTULE [III] Vicomte de Béarn & his wife --- (- 1054). m secondly as his second wife, ROGER Vicomte de Gabarret, son of ARNAUD Donat & his wife ---. [1045]]

GERAUD [II] d'Armagnac, son of BERNARD [II] "Tumpaler" Comte d'Armagnac & his wife Ermengardis --- (-end 1095). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Geraldum" as son of "Bernardus Tumapaler"[35]. "Arnaldus et Geraldus filii nostri" and their parents made a joint donation to Cluny dated 1049[36]. "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "…filiis meius Geraldo et Arnaldo-Bernardo" founded the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[37]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "Geraldus filius meus et frater eius Arnaldus Bernardus…", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[38]. Comte d'Armagnac. "Geraldus comes filius Bernardi comitis" swore to defend the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1065][39], which implies he was then governing Armagnac in place of his father.

m firstly ([1070]) as her second husband, AZIVELLE de Lomagne, widow of GERAUD [I] Seigneur d'Arbeissan, daughter of ODON [II] Vicomte de Lomagne & his wife --- (-after [1086]). Her parentage and first marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 9 Sep 1068 under which "filia Oddonis vicecomitis Lomanie uxor Geraldi Obeissani" confirmed a donation of property to the monastery of Saint-Mont[40]. Her name and second marriage are confirmed by another charter in the same cartulary in which "Azivella filia Oddonis vicecomitis de Lomania" names "Bernardo Tumapalerio socero meo", which is confirmed by "Bernardus filius supradictæ dominæ"[41]. Her second marriage is further confirmed by, and her two sons by her first marriage and her son by her second named in, the charter dated to [1085] which refers to a donation to the monastery of Saint-Mont by "nobilissima quiedam femina Azivera vicecomitis Lomanie Oddonis filia, mater que Bernardi filii Geraldi Armaniaci comitis", on the advice of "eiusdem Bernardi filii sui et Geraldi secundi coniugis et aliorum duorum filiorum Hugonis et Oddonis"[42]. "Domina Azivella matre dompni Bernardi Armaniacensis comitis" made an agreement with the monks of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1085][43]. It is curious that this charter names Azivelle's son, and not her husband, and that he is accorded the title count although it appears from other sources that his father was still alive at that date.

m secondly SANCHA, widow of FEDAC Vicomte de Corneillan, daughter of ARSIEU Loup co-Seigneur de Bergons, Luppé, Daunian, Lapujolle et Balembits & his wife Rose ---. An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes details of a serf "in…loco Pujole" donated by "Sancia uxor…Fedacii vicecomitis" on the day her husband died, with the advice of "comitis Geraldi", dated to [1081][44]. "Comes Geroldus cum uxore mea Sazia" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1095][45]. The primary source which confirms that Sancha, widow of Vicomte Fédac, was the same person as Sancha, second wife of Comte Géraud, has not yet been identified. Her parents are named by Jaurgain but he cites no primary source on which this is based[46].

Comte Géraud [II] & his first wife had three children:

1. BERNARD [III] (-after 28 Jul [1110]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Bernardum" as son of "Geraldum"[47]. "Bernardus filius Geraldi Armaniaci comitis" confirmed donations to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1090], including those by "avus meus Bernardus tocius Gasconie comes cognomento Tumapelerius"[48]. Comte d'Armagnac. A charter dated to [1100] records an agreement relating to the church of Saint-Martin de Bergons which names "Bernardus Armaniacensis comes cum uxore mea et filio meo Geraldo puero"[49]. "Bernardus vicecomes" renounced a tax on La Réole before the court of Gascony, before "Astanova comite…de Fedenzac, ac Bernardo de Armanac, necnon Gastone vicecomite de Bearn, et Lupo Anario de Marzan, et Bibiano de Lomonie, et Petro, domino de Gavarred…", by charter dated 1103[50]. "Bernardus comes Armeniacensis…cum coniuge mea N Alpasia atque filiis meis Giraldo atque Ottone" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 28 Jul [1110], in the presence of "Guiraldo eiusdem comitis frater"[51]. m ([1095] or before) ALPAIS de Turenne, daughter of BOSON Vicomte de Turenne & his wife Gerberge ---. Her marriage date is established by the charter dated to [1095] under which "Bernardus iuvenis Armaniacensis comes" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "uxoris mea", although she is unnamed in the document[52]. A charter dated 1104 records a judicial combat presided over by "comitisse Armaniacensis et filii eius Geraudi ad huc pueri"[53]. The cartulary of Tulle St Martin records a donation by "Alpaiz uxor comiti d'Ermaniaco…filia Bosonis vicecomitis Torennensis" dated Mar [1113][54]. Comte Bernard [III] & his wife had four children:

a) GERAUD [III] (-1160). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Geraldus" as son of "Bernardum"[55]. A charter dated to [1100] records an agreement relating to the church of Saint-Martin de Bergons which names "Bernardus Armaniacensis comes cum uxore mea et filio meo Geraldo puero"[56]. A charter dated 1104 records a judicial combat presided over by "comitisse Armaniacensis et filii eius Geraudi ad huc pueri"[57]. "Bernardus comes Armeniacensis…cum coniuge mea N Alpasia atque filiis meis Giraldo atque Ottone" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 28 Jul [1110], in the presence of "Guiraldo eiusdem comitis frater"[58]. Comte d'Armagnac. m (before Dec 1119) as her second husband, AZELMA de Fezensac, widow of BERNARD [III] Comte de Bigorre, daughter of ASTANOVE [II] Comte de Fezensac & his wife --- ([1090]-before 1160). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "filiam…Adalmur" as the child of "Astam-Novam", specifying that she was the mother of "Benetricis" who was childless[59]. The primary source which confirms the identity of her first husband has not yet been identified. "Geraldus comes Armaniacensis…cum filio suo primogenito Bernardo" confirmed a donation to Sainte-Marie d’Auch after the death of "istius comitisse…et filie eius Benetricis", desiring "consulatum Fezenciaci", by undated charter[60]. This is the only charter cited by Jaurgain which supposedly confirms Azelma’s second marriage[61]. However, it is a curious document. The wording implies that Comte Géraud confirmed Azelma’s donation because he desired her county, although the confirmation was made after she died. If he had married her, however, he would presumably automatically have been entitled to Fezensac and the stated purpose behind the confirmation would have been pointless. Another factor is that Géraud’s son Bernard is described in the document only as his son not hers. Comte Géraud [III] & his wife had two children:

i) MASCAROSE . Europäische Stammtafeln names Mascarose as the daughter of Géraud [III] Comte d’Armagnac[62]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. She is not named by Père Anselme, who ignores that later comtes d’Armagnac were descended from the vicomtes de Lomagne[63]. However, the reconstruction of the generation of Mascarose’s supposed grandchildren (see Part B) only appears to make sense if they were not direct descendants of Géraud [IV] Comte d’Armagnac. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1188 under which her son "Bernardus d’Armaniac vicecomes de Fezensagued" donated property to Gimont for the soul of "matris suæ cha Mascarosa"[64]. m ([1150]) ODON [I] de Lomagne Seigneur de Firmaçon, son of ODON [IV] Vicomte de Lomagne & his wife --- (-after 1182).

ii) BERNARD [IV] (-1193). "Geraldus comes Armaniacensis…cum filio suo primogenito Bernardo" confirmed a donation to Sainte-Marie d’Auch after the death of "istius comitisse…et filie eius Benetricis", desiring "consulatum Fezenciaci", by undated charter[65]. Comte d'Armagnac. A charter dated 7 Apr 1189 records that "B. Armaniacensis, comes Fezensiacensi et Armaniaci, et G. filius eius" donated property to the hospital of Serregrand[66]. m ([1150]) ETIENNETTE, daughter of --- (-bur Sainte-Marie de Carrizo). Her marriage is confirmed by the undated document which records that her daughter "Maria virgo ex Regio sanguine sata, filia…domine Stephaniæ, Armigniaci comitissæ" became a nun at the convent of Sainte-Marie de Carrizo, which also states that mother and daughter were buried together in the monastery[67]. Comte Bernard [IV] & his wife had three children:

(a) GERAUD [IV] "Trencaléon" (-before 8 Jun 1215). A charter dated 7 Apr 1189 records that "B. Armaniacensis, comes Fezensiacensi et Armaniaci, et G. filius eius" donated property to the hospital of Serregrand[68]. Comte d'Armagnac. An order of King John dated 18 May 1202 granted "Castell Novum et medietatem Else q Gasto de Beauc tenuit" to "Gerald de Armignac et Bern de Armignac fratri suo"[69]. "Dompnus Geraldus Armaniacensis comes et Odo Leomanie eius consanguineus" witnessed the peace treaty dated 4 Jun 1204 between Vézian [II] Vicomte de Lomagne and the community of Toulouse[70].

(b) BERNARD (-after 18 May 1202). An order of King John dated 18 May 1202 granted "Castell Novum et medietatem Else q Gasto de Beauc tenuit" to "Gerald de Armignac et Bern de Armignac fratri suo"[71]. same person as...? ARNAUD-BERNARD (-after 1222). Père Anselme says that “Arnaud-Bernard”, son of Bernard [IV] Comte d’Armagnac, succeeded to the counties of Armagnac and Fezensac after the death of his brother Comte Géraud [IV] “dont il jouissoit à l’exclusion de son neveu en 1222”[72]. He does not specify the primary source on which he bases this information. As noted above, his reconstruction ignores that later comtes d’Armagnac were descended from the vicomtes de Lomagne. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Arnaud-Bernaud “1222 Vormund [guardian] seines Neffen Pierre Géraud” was the third son of Bernard de Lomagne, son of Othon [I] Seigneur de Lomagne (see below, Part B)[73].

(c) MARIE (-bur Sainte-Marie de Carrizo). An undated document records that "Maria virgo ex Regio sanguine sata, filia…domine Stephaniæ, Armigniaci comitissæ" became a nun at the convent of Sainte-Marie de Carrizo and that mother and daughter were buried together in the monastery[74].

b) OTHON . "Bernardus comes Armeniacensis…cum coniuge mea N Alpasia atque filiis meis Giraldo atque Ottone" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 28 Jul [1110], in the presence of "Guiraldo eiusdem comitis frater"[75].

c) daughter . Bernard’s two unnamed daughters are referred to by Jaurgain but he does not quote the primary source which records them[76]. They are also mentioned by Père Anselme with no details about their lives and no primary source citation[77].

d) daughter . Bernard’s two unnamed daughters are referred to by Jaurgain but he does not quote the primary source which records them[78]. They are also mentioned by Père Anselme with no details about their lives and no primary source citation[79].

2. GERAUD (-after 28 Jul [1110]). "Bernardus comes Armeniacensis…cum coniuge mea N Alpasia atque filiis meis Giraldo atque Ottone" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 28 Jul [1110], in the presence of "Guiraldo eiusdem comitis frater"[80].

3. GUILLAUME (before 12 Apr 1080-). "Geraldus comes" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated 12 Apr 1080, which refers to the baptism of "Geraldi comitis filium…Willelmus…filiolum Philippo regnante comite Willelmo presule"[81].

B. COMTES d'ARMAGNAC (LOMAGNE)

The descendants of Bernard de Lomagne Vicomte de Fezensaguet, set out below, are as shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[82]. The primary source which confirms the identity of Bernard’s mother as Mascarose d’Armagnac has not been identified. Père Anselme’s rather confusing reconstruction of the family assumes that Roger d’Armagnac Vicomte de Fezensaguet (see below) was the son of Bernard [IV] Comte d’Armagnac (see Part A), and so ignores Bernard de Lomagne[83]. However, the family only appears to make sense if the five individuals shown below as sons of Bernard de Lomagne were not direct descendants of Bernard [IV], in particular because there appears to be no place in Bernard [IV]’s family for Géraldesse as wife of an individual named Bernard. The key appears to be the statement in Europäische Stammtafeln that Bernard was the adopted son of Bernard [IV] Comte d’Armagnac[84]. Jaurgain also states that Bernard [IV] adopted “le fils aîné d’Odon de Lomagne et de Mascarosse d’Armagnac” and recognised him in 1182 as “héritier présomptif des biens de la maison d’Armagnac, dont il portait déjà le nom et les armes”, stating that Bernard [IV]’s own son Comte Géraud [IV] was “par suite de quelque infirmité...impropre à continuer la famille”[85]. Unfortunately Jaurgain cites no primary source which confirms these crucial statements and no such corroborative source has yet been identified.

BERNARD de Lomagne, son of ODON [I] de Lomagne Seigneur de Firmaçon & his wife Mascarose d'Armagnac (-[1188/Mar 1193]). "Otho de Lomania et nos filii eius Bernardus de Armaiaco et Otho de Lomannia" granted right of passage over their land to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 8 Jun 1182[86]. He was adopted by his maternal uncle Bernard [IV] Comte d'Armagnac[87]. Vicomte de Fezenzaguet 1184. "Bernardus d’Armaniac vicecomes de Fezensagued" donated property to Gimont, for the soul of "matris suæ cha Mascarosa", by charter dated 1188[88].

m GERALDESSE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated Nov 1229 under which her son "Odo de Armaniaco filius Bernardus de Armaniaco et dominæ Geraldessæ" donated property to the abbey of Grandselve[89]. According to Jaurgain, Géraldesse was the daughter of Roger Bernard [I] Comte de Foix. He cites six different documents which demonstrate close connections between the Armagnac/Lomagne and Foix families[90]. However, the parentage of Géraldesse cannot be the only explanation for this connection. It should also be noted the names Géraldesse and Géraud are not found at all in the family of the comtes de Foix.

Bernard & his wife had five children:

1. BERNARD [II] (-[1200]). "Bernardus de Armanac dictus filius Bernardi de Armanac" exempted the abbey of Grandselve from taxes by charter dated Mar 1193[91]. He succeeded his father as Vicomte de Fezensaguet. "Bernardo de Armaniaco vicecomite de Fezensagued" granted rights to Gimont by charter dated 1198[92].

2. GERAUD [V] (-30 Sep 1219). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified, although the source dated 19 Dec 1217 quoted below confirms that he was the brother of Roger (see below). As noted in the introduction to the present section, the reconstruction of the family of the comtes d’Armagnac appears to make most sense if Géraud and his brother Roger were sons of Bernard de Lomagne. He succeeded his father’s maternal first cousin as Comte d'Armagnac et de Fezensac in [1204/15]. "Girardus comes Fezenciaci et Armeniaci" swore homage to "domino Symone comite Montisfortis" for the counties of Fezensac and Armagnac and the vicomté of Fezensaguet by charter dated 8 Jun 1216[93]. "Giraldus comes Armaniaci et Fezenciaci, Rogerius frater eius..." swore allegiance to "D. Simoni duci Narbonæ, comiti Tolosæ ac vicecomiti Biterrensi" by charter dated 19 Dec 1217[94]. The necrology of Case-Dieu records the death "pridie Kal Sep" in 1219 of "Geraldi comitis Armaniaci"[95]. m ---. The name of Géraud's wife is not known. Jaurgain notes that “on lui a donné pour femme Mascarosse de La Barthe”, based on the necrology of Saint-Mont which records the death “Non Mar” of “bonæ memoriæ dominæ Mascarosæ comitissæ Armaniaci”, whom Jaurgain identifies as “Mascarosse de Lomagne comtesse d’Armagnac femme d’Esquivat de Chabannes” (presumably Géraud [V]’s granddaughter)[96]. Géraud [V] & his wife had three children:

a) PIERRE GERAUD (-before 1242). Europäische Stammtafeln shows Pierre Géraud as son of Géraud [V][97]. The primary source on which this parentage is based has not been identified. Comte d'Armagnac et de Fezensac.

b) BERNARD [V] (-[22 Jul 1245/25 Mar 1246]). Europäische Stammtafeln shows Bernard [V] as second son of Géraud [V][98]. The primary source on which this parentage is based has not been identified. Comte d'Armagnac et de Fezensac.

c) MASCAROSE (-before 25 Mar 1246). Europäische Stammtafeln shows Mascarose as daughter of Géraud [V] and first wife of Arnaud [III] Odon Vicomte de Lomagne[99]. The primary source on which her parentage and marriage is based has not been identified. Her daughter Mascarose succeeded as Ctss d'Armagnac on the death of her brother but died before 15 Sep 1254 without heirs. m as his first wife, ARNAUD [III] Odon Vicomte de Lomagne et d'Auvillars, son of ODON [V] Vicomte de Lomagne et d'Auvillars & his wife --- (-[1264/18 Apr 1267]).

3. ARNAUD BERNARD (-after 1222). Europäische Stammtafeln names Arnaud-Bernaud “1222 Vormund [guardian] seines Neffen Pierre Géraud” as third son of Bernard de Lomagne[100]. The primary source which confirms this statement has not been identified. As noted above, Père Anselme names “Arnaud-Bernard” as son of Bernard [IV] Comte d’Armagnac and says that he succeeded to the counties of Armagnac and Fezensac after the death of his brother Comte Géraud [IV] “dont il jouissoit à l’exclusion de son neveu en 1222”[101].

4. ODON . "Odo de Armaniaco filius Bernardus de Armaniaco et dominæ Geraldessæ" donated property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated Nov 1229[102].

5. ROGER (-[1243/22 Mar 1245]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified, although the source dated 19 Dec 1217 quoted below confirms that he was the brother of Géraud [V] (see above). As noted in the introduction to the present section, the reconstruction of the family of the comtes d’Armagnac appears to make most sense if Géraud and his brother Roger were sons of Bernard de Lomagne. Vicomte de Fezensaguet. "Giraldus comes Armaniaci et Fezenciaci, Rogerius frater eius..." swore allegiance to "D. Simoni duci Narbonæ, comiti Tolosæ ac vicecomiti Biterrensi" by charter dated 19 Dec 1217[103]. Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[104]. m PUCELLE d'Albret, daughter of [AMANIEU [V] Seigneur d'Albret & his wife ---] (-after 1243). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the second testament of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d’Albret dated 5 Jun 1270 which appointed “Geraud d’Armagnac son cousin” as guardian of his children[105]. Père Anselme says that she is named “dans un mandement d’Alfonse comte de Poitiers à son senéchal de Toulouse” but does not cite the corresponding primary source[106]. Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[107]. Roger & his wife had four children:

a) GERAUD [VI] (-1280). Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[108]. Vicomte de Fezensaguet. Comte d'Armagnac et de Fezensac 1254.

- see below.

b) ROGER (-killed in battle [1274]). Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[109]. His possible descendants, Seigneurs de Termes, are set out in Europäische Stammtafeln[110].

c) AMANIEU (after 1230-11 Mar 1318). Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[111]. Bishop of Bayonne. Archbishop of Auch 1261. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, donated property for the souls of "…domini Amaneni de Armaignaco archiepiscopi Auxitani et domini Rogerii de Armaigniaco episcopi Laudoneni, paternorum nostrorum quondam…"[112].

d) ARNAUD BERNARD (-killed in battle 1272). Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[113]. Monk at Gimont. He presumably left the monastery in order to marry. Marca records a battle between “Géraud de Casaubon seigneur du chasteau de Hautpouy” and “Arnaud Bernard d’Armagnac frere du Comte et de l’archevesque d’Aux” in which Arnaud Bernard was killed, dated to 1272 from the context[114]. m (1263) VERONIQUE de la Barthe, daughter and heiress of ARNAUD GUILLAUME [II] Vicomte de la Barthe, d'Aure et de Magnoac & his wife ---. Père Anselme shows her parentage and marriage (including the date) but does not cite the corresponding primary source[115].

GERAUD [VI] d'Armagnac, son of ROGER d'Armagnac Vicomte de Fezensaguet & his wife Pucelle d'Albret (-1280). Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with “Arnaud-Bernard leur fils”, with the consent of “leurs enfants Géraud, Roger et Amanieu”, by charter dated 1243[116]. Vicomte de Fezensaguet. Comte d'Armagnac et de Fezensac 1254. Géraud Comte d’Armagnac confirmed rights of pasturage granted to the abbey of Grandselve by his father Roger d’Armagnac by charter dated 22 Mar 1245[117]. "Geraldus…comes Armaniaci et Fezenciaci vicecomes Fezensaguelli" confirmed donations to Grandselve by "nobiles viri…dominus Bernardus de Armanhaco, dictus filius Bernardi de Armanhaco, et dominus Bernardus comes de Armanhaco quondam, et dominus Geraldus comes de Armanhaco et Fezensaco qui fuit, et dominus Rogerius de Armanhaco filius quondam Bernardi et qua ipse Geraldus filius domini Rogerii" by charter dated 7 Nov 1267[118]. A mansucript chronicle records the death in 1280 of "Geraldus comes d’Armagnac"[119].

m MATHE de Béarn, daughter of GASTON [VI] Vicomte de Béarn & his first wife Mathe de Marsan [Bigorre] ([1245/55]-after 1317). Heiress of Gebardan, Eauzan and Brulbrois-en-partie. The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ [presumably mistranscription for Mathæ] comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[120]. A charter dated 1302 records that Philippe IV King of France summoned "comitem Fuxi, Margaritam comitissam Fuxo eius matrem, comitissam Armaignensem relictam domini Geraldi de Armaniaco, Constanciam vicecomitissam de Marciano, et Guillermam de Bearno dominam de Moncada" as proxy for "consortis nostre regine, Guillelmo Tesson militi et Lore vicecomitisse Turenne" for a hearing relating to the county of Bigorre[121].

Géraud [VI] & his wife had [eight] children:

1. BERNARD [VI] (-1319, bur Auch Sainte-Marie). His parentage is confirmed by a second testament of his son "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, which donates property for the souls of "…domini Bernardi quondam Armaignaci comitis, genitoris nostri, et domini Geraldi, patris, avi nostri paterni"[122]. Comte d'Armagnac. Seigneur d'Albret, by right of his first wife. “Bernardo...comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” granted “castrum et villam de Castro Gelosio...de Veiriaco” to “Gasto de Armaniaco vicecomes Fesensaquelli et Rogerius frater suus...fratres prædicti”, by charter dated 8 Oct 1294[123].

- see below.

2. GASTON (-1319). "Dominæ Mathæ…Armaniaci et Fezensiaci comitissæ" requested the emancipation of "Gastonis vicecomitis Fezensaguetti filiique dictæ dominæ comitissæ et…Guiraudi…Armaniaci et Fezensiaci comitis" by charter dated 8 Jan 1294[124]. Vicomte de Fezenzaguet.

- VICOMTES de FEZENZAGUET.

3. ROGER (-1339). The testament of “Isabellis domina de Lebreto comitissa Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 1 Oct 1294, and names “Rotgerium de Armaniaco sororium meum” as her heir “in castris de Casa-nova, de Lebreto”[125]. “Bernardo...comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” granted “castrum et villam de Castro Gelosio...de Veiriaco” to “Gasto de Armaniaco vicecomes Fesensaquelli et Rogerius frater suus...fratres prædicti”, by charter dated 8 Oct 1294[126]. The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “Gastonem, Rogerium, Marquam et Mascarosinam fratres et sorores nostros...Geraldo de Labbatus nepoti nostro et primogenito dictæ Mascarosæ sororis nostræ...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[127]. Bishop of Lavaur 1317. Archbishop of Auch 1318. Bishop of Laon, Pair de France 1336. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, donates property for the souls of "…domini Amaneni de Armaignaco archiepiscopi Auxitani et domini Rogerii de Armaigniaco episcopi Laudoneni, paternorum nostrorum quondam…"[128].

4. [PUCELLE (-[1298/18 May 1302]). The letter of Pope Boniface VIII granted dispensation 2 May 1296 for the marriage between "Helye Thalayrandi comiti Petragoricensis et vicecomes Leomaniæ et Altivillari" and "Puelle, nate quondam Geraldi comitis Armaniaci, uxor eius" despite 3^o consanguinity[129]. “Puelle” could either be this daughter’s name (presumably named after her paternal grandmother) or simply "young girl". In the latter case, this daughter could have been the same person as the daughter named Marqua in her father’s testament dated 18 May 1302. If Pucelle was a different daughter, she must have died before her father’s testament in which she is not named. Betrothed ([1295], contract broken before 1298) to HELIE [IX] TALAIRAND Comte de Périgord, son of ARCHAMBAUD [III] Comte de Périgord & his first wife --- ([1258/62]-1315).]

5. MARQUA [Pucelle?] (-before [1304]). The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “Gastonem, Rogerium, Marquam et Mascarosinam fratres et sorores nostros...Geraldo de Labbatus nepoti nostro et primogenito dictæ Mascarosæ sororis nostræ...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[130]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Père Anselme names “Capsuelle” [corruption of “Pucelle”? see above] as daughter of Comte Géraud [VI] and records her marriage to “Bernard VII du nom comte de Cominges, dont elle n’eut point d’enfans”, but does not cite the primary source on which this information is based[131]. m as his first wife, BERNARD [VIII] de Comminges, son of BERNARD [VII] Comte de Comminges & his wife Laure de Montfort (-after 26 Aug 1336). He succeeded his father in 1312 as Comte de Comminges.

6. MASCAROSE [Mathe] (-1313). The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “Gastonem, Rogerium, Marquam et Mascarosinam fratres et sorores nostros...Geraldo de Labbatus nepoti nostro et primogenito dictæ Mascarosæ sororis nostræ...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[132]. Père Anselme names “Mathe” as daughter of Comte Géraud [VI], records her marriage to “Bernard de Loumagne dit Trancaleon, fils d’Eudes seigneur de Fiefmarcon”, and her death in 1313 “sans enfans”, but also “Mascarose” as another daughter with her marriage to “Arnaud Guilhelm seigneur de la Barthe”[133]. Anselme cites no primary sources, but the testament dated 18 May 1302 suggests that there were only two surviving daughters at that date. m BERNARD de Lomagne Seigneur de Firmaçon, son of EUDES Seigneur de Firmaçon & his wife --- (-after 19 Jun 1337).

7. [CONSTANCE (-[before 18 May 1302]). Père Anselme names “Constance, dont l’alliance est ignorée” as the third daughter of Comte Géraud [VI][134]. He cites no primary sources, but the testament dated 18 May 1302 suggests that there were only two surviving daughters at that date. If Constance existed, she would presumably therefore have died before that date.]

8. [MASCAROSE . Père Anselme names “Mathe” as daughter of Comte Géraud [VI], records her marriage to “Bernard de Loumagne dit Trancaleon, fils d’Eudes seigneur de Fiefmarcon”, and her death in 1313 “sans enfans”, but also “Mascarose” as another daughter with her marriage to “Arnaud Guilhelm seigneur de la Barthe”[135]. Anselme cites no primary sources, but the testament dated 18 May 1302 suggests that there were only two surviving daughters at that date. The reliability of the information regarding this Mascerose is unknown. m ARNAUD Guilhem Seigneur de la Barthe, son of ---.]

BERNARD [VI] d’Armagnac, son of GERAUD [VI] Comte d’Armagnac & his wife Mathe de Béarn (-1319, bur Auch Sainte-Marie). His parentage is confirmed by a second testament of his son "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, which donates property for the souls of "…domini Bernardi quondam Armaignaci comitis, genitoris nostri, et domini Geraldi, patris, avi nostri paterni"[136]. Comte d'Armagnac. Seigneur d'Albret, by right of his first wife. "Bernardus…comes Armaniaci et Fezensiaci" confirmed the privileges of the county of Fezensac, granted by "domino Geraldo de Armenaico…genitori suo", by charter dated 22 Feb 1286, signed by "dominæ matris…Mathæ…comitissæ Armaniaci et Fezensiaci"[137]. “Bernardo...comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” granted “castrum et villam de Castro Gelosio...de Veiriaco” to “Gasto de Armaniaco vicecomes Fesensaquelli et Rogerius frater suus...fratres prædicti”, by charter dated 8 Oct 1294[138]. The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “domina Cecilia uxor nostra", her child to be born, "...[et] Henricum comitem Ruthehæ, patrem dictam dominæ uxoris nostræ” and “Gastonem, Rogerium, Marquam et Mascarosinam fratres et sorores nostros...Geraldo de Labbatus nepoti nostro et primogenito dictæ Mascarosæ sororis nostræ...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[139]. His place of burial is confirmed by a second testament of his son "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, which elects burial "in ecclesia cathedrali beate Marie Auxitani" next to his father[140].

m firstly ISABELLE Dame d'Albret, daughter of BERNARD AIZ [IV] Seigneur d'Albret & his wife Jeanne de Lusignan ([1276/80]-1 Dec 1294, bur Auch Cathedral). The testament of “Isabellis domina de Lebreto comitissa Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 1 Oct 1294, names “dominam Johannam de la Marcha matrem meam” as her heir “in castro meo de Alhais diocesis Vasatensis”, chooses her burial “in ecclesia cathedrali B. Mariæ Auxis in sepultura sororis meæ quondam”, appoints “Rotgerium de Armaniaco sororium meum” as her heir “in castris de Casa-nova, de Lebreto” and names “domino Bernardo comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci marito meo...Gastoni vicecomiti Fesensaquelli...sororiis meis”[141].

m secondly (1298) CECILE de Rodez, daughter of HENRI [II] Comte de Rodez & his second wife Mascarose de Comminges ([1272]-1313). A manuscript of Rodez convent names "tres filias…Belburgem, Beatricem et Cæciliam" as thr children of "Henricus comes Ruthenensis filius Hugonis" and his second wife "domina Mascarosa de Convenis", adding that Cecile "junior" married "Bernardo de Armaniaco comite Armaniaci et Fezensiaci filio dicti Geraldi" and inherited "in toto comitatu Ruthenensi"[142]. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names "quondam bonæ memoriæ domini Henrici comitis Ruthenæ avi nostri…dominæ Mascariosæ eius uxoris, aut nostræ…dominæ Ceciliæ comitissæ Ruthenæ matris nostræ"[143]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci”, dated 18 May 1302, which names “domina Cecilia uxor nostra...[et] Henricum comitem Ruthehæ, patrem dictam dominæ uxoris nostræ”[144]. Ctss de Rodez. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names "quondam bonæ memoriæ domini Henrici comitis Ruthenæ avi nostri…dominæ Mascariosæ eius uxoris, aut nostræ…dominæ Ceciliæ comitissæ Ruthenæ matris nostræ"[145].

Bernard [VI] & his second wife had three children:

1. MATHE d’Armagnac ([mid-late 1302]-1364). The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci”, dated 18 May 1302, names “domina Cecilia uxor nostra" and her child to be born[146]. It is possible that this child was Mathe. The marriage contract of "Mathe sœur du comte d’Armagnac" and "Bernard Ezii fils de Amanieu sire d’Albret" is dated 21 May 1321[147]. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti…Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum…Johannam filiam nostrum…dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto…dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum…dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dictæ sororis nostræ secundo genitum…Johannes de Lebreto filium dictæ sororis nostræ tertio genitum…"[148]. m ([1321]) as his second wife, BERNARD AIZ [V] d’Albret, son of AMANIEU [VII] Seigneur d’Albret & his wife Rose de Bourg (-[1357/59]).

2. JEAN [I] (before 6 May 1306-after 5 Apr 1373, bur Auch Sainte-Marie). "Le comte d’Armagnac et son fils" confirmed that the king of France was their suzerain by charter dated 6 May 1306[149]. Comte d'Armagnac. A charter dated Oct 1336 records that “le comte d’Armagnac, Aymery de Durfort seigneur de Duras” ceded les vicomtés de Lomagne et d’Auvillars to Philippe VI King of France in exchange for “les châteaux de Villehaudran et de Blancafort”[150]. The first testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, bequeathes property for the soul of "Reginæ de Gutto…vicecomitissæ Leomaniæ, primæ…uxoris quondam nostræ, et domini Bertrandi", names "Beatrix de Claromonte uxor nostra", names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti…Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum…Johannam filiam nostrum…dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto…dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum…dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dictæ sororis nostræ secundo genitum…Johannes de Lebreto filium dictæ sororis nostræ tertio genitum…Johannem d’Armaniaco vicecomitem Fesensaguelli, Brulhesii et Creyselli et dominum baroniæ Rocafolio, filium consanguinei nostri germani…dominum Gerardum de Bartha militem, dominum vallis Auræ et castri novi Manhoaci, consanguineum nostrum germanium…Rogerium de Bartha consanguineum nostrum germanium, fratri dicti Gerardi", bequeathes property to "domino Reginaldo de Ponte militi consanguineo nostro, vicecomiti Carletensi…domino Almarico de Narbone militi, domino de Talayrano, consanguineo nostro…domino Bertrando domino de Turre, militi, consanguineo nostro", names "quondam bonæ memoriæ domini Henrici comitis Ruthenæ avi nostri…dominæ Mascariosæ eius uxoris, aut nostræ…dominæ Ceciliæ comitissæ Ruthenæ matris nostræ", and appoints "dominum Johannem de Convenis episcopum Portuensem…cardinalem…advunculum nostrum…dominum Arnaldum Guillelmi de Barta episcopum Lectorensem consanguineum nostrum…dominum Raymundum de Cardalhaco, archidiaconum de Perdalhano in ecclesia Auxitanensi, consanguineum nostrum" among his executors[151]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, elects burial "in ecclesia cathedrali beate Marie Auxitani" next to his father, donates property for the souls of "…domini Amaneni de Armaignaco archiepiscopi Auxitani et domini Rogerii de Armaigniaco episcopi Laudoneni, paternorum nostrorum quondam, et Regine de Gutto quondam uxoris nostre…domini Bertrandi de Guto quondam vicecomitis Leomaniæ et Altivillaris, patris ipsius Regine…domini Henrici bone memorie comitis Ruthene avi nostri…domini Bernardi quondam Armaignaci comitis, genitoris nostri, et domini Geraldi, patris, avi nostri paterni", names "filiam nostrum Johannam de Petragorum consortem Johannis filii et heredis nostri…nepotis nostri domini Arnaldi Guillermi comitis Pardiaci…Johanne…filie nostre…uxorique domini ducis de Beriui et Alvernie…Mathe filie nostre…ducisse Gerunde, uxorique…principis domini Johannis, ducis Gerunde, primogeniti domini regis Aragonie", appoints "Johannem filium nostrum…Johanus eius primogenito nepote nostro…Bernardeum de Armaignaco nepotem nostrum, secundo genitum dicti filii nostri heredem" as his heirs[152]. m firstly (before 10 May 1324) REGINE de Goth Vicomtesse de Lomagne, daughter of BERTRAND de Goth Vicomte de Lomagne et de Auvillars & his wife Beatrix de Lautrec Vicomtesse de Lautrec (-Château de Lavardins [12 Aug/1 Sep] 1325, bur Auvillars Dominican Church). The marriage contract between “Iohannem comitem Armaniaci” and “dominum Bertrandum de Guto vicecomitem Leomaniæ et Altivillaris...Reginam filiam” is undated[153]. The date of her marriage is indicated by the testament of Bertrand de Goth dated 10 May 1324 which indicates that his daughter was comtesse d’Armagnac[154]. "Regina de Gutto comitissa Armaniaci Fesenciaci et Ruthenensis vicecomitissaque Leomaniæ et Altavillaris", under her testament dated 12 Aug 1325, appointed "dominæ Beatrici vice-comitissæ Lautricensi matri suæ…Rogerio de Armaniaco et Domino Amanevo de Lebreto" as her executors, appointed "dominum Joannem comitem Armaniaci, Fesenciaci et Ruthenæ virum suum" as her heir, substituting "Arnaldum Bernardi de Preyssaco militem dictum Soldanum, Amanevum et Bertrandum de Mota fratres, Aymericum de Duroforti dominum de --- …Reginam de Gutto uxorem nobilis Amanevi de Pinibus…et Braydam vicecomitissam Bruniquelli, necnon et Indiam uxorem domini de Monteferrando…Marquesiæ de Sevinhaco uxori Othonis domini de Montealto" in case her husband died childless[155]. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, bequeathes property for the soul of "Reginæ de Gutto…vicecomitissæ Leomaniæ, primæ…uxoris quondam nostræ, et domini Bertrandi"[156]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, donates property for the souls of "…Regine de Gutto quondam uxoris nostre…domini Bertrandi de Guto quondam vicecomitis Leomaniæ et Altivillaris, patris ipsius Regine…"[157]. m secondly (contract May 1327, before 2 Jun 1327) BEATRIX de Clermont Dame de Charolais, daughter of JEAN de Clermont Baron de Charolais & his wife Jeanne de Dargies Dame de Dargies et de Catheux (-1364 [158] or after, bur Rodez, couvent des Cordeliers). A letter of Charles IV King of France dated May 1327 records the contract of marriage between "Jehan comte d’Armagnac et de Rodéz" and "nostre chere cousine demoiselle Béatrix de Clermont"[159]. The date of the marriage is ascertained more precisely by the letter dated 2 Jun 1327 from "Loys comte de Clermont seigneur de Bourbon et chambrier de France" to the "bailiff de Charolais" instructing all the nobles of Charolais to swear homage to "nostre…neveu le comte d’Armignac" following his marriage to "nostre…niece"[160]. “Madame Ieanne de Dargies Comtesse de Soissons” exchanged property with “monsieur Iean de Nesle seigneur d’Offemont” by charter dated 1333, ratified by “Iean Comte d’Armagnac et Beatrix de Clermont sa femme, fille de ladite comtesse” by charter dated 8 Jun 1343[161]. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names "Beatrix de Claromonte uxor nostra"[162]. The testament of "domina Beatrix de Clermont, comitissa Armaniaci, dominaque Charrolesio, uxor…domini Johannes comitis Armaniaci", dated 20 Aug 1361, names "Johannem de Armaniaco filium nostrum…", appoints "filiam nostrum Johannam, Bituriæ et Alverniæ ducessam ac…dominos Johannem de Francia, Bituriæ et Alverniæ necnon et Burgendie et Borboni duces, et comitem Pardiaci…"[163]. She is not named in a second testament of her husband dated 5 Apr 1373, which donates extensive property for the soul of his first wife[164]. Jean [I] & his second wife had four children:

a) JEAN [II] ([1333]-26 May 1384). The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti…Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum…Johannam filiam nostrum…"[165]. The testament of "domina Beatrix de Clermont, comitissa Armaniaci, dominaque Charrolesio, uxor…domini Johannes comitis Armaniaci", dated 20 Aug 1361, names "Johannem de Armaniaco filium nostrum…"[166]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, appoints "Johannem filium nostrum…Johanus eius primogenito nepote nostro…Bernardeum de Armaignaco nepotem nostrum, secundo genitum dicti filii nostri heredem" as his heirs[167]. Comte d'Armagnac. Comte de Fézensac. Comte de Rodez. m (1359) JEANNE de Périgord, daughter of ROGER BERNARD Comte de Périgord & his wife Eléonore de Vendôme (-after 7 May 1366). Jean [I] Comte d'Armagnac acknowledged receipt of 15,000 florins from Roger-Bernard Comte de Périgord, which was the dowry of Jeanne de Périgord, wife of Jean son of the comte d'Armagnac[168]. Jeanne de Périgord, comtesse d'Armagnac recognised a debt of 1,000 florins by a document dated 7 May 1366[169]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, names "filiam nostrum Johannam de Petragorum consortem Johannis filii et heredis nostri…"[170]. Jean [II] & his wife had three children:

i) JEAN [III] d’Armagnac ([1359]-25 Jul 1391). A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, appoints "Johannem filium nostrum…Johanus eius primogenito nepote nostro…Bernardeum de Armaignaco nepotem nostrum, secundo genitum dicti filii nostri heredem" as his heirs[171]. Comte d'Armagnac. Père Anselme records that Jean [III] died from wounds received at the siege of Alessandria in Piemonte, during his campaign to release his brother-in-law Carlo Visconti imprisoned by Gian Galeazzo Visconti Lord of Milan[172]. m as her first husband, MARGUERITE de Comminges, daughter of PIERRE RAYMOND [II] Comte de Comminges & his wife Jeanne de Comminges (1363-1443). The testament of "Petrus Raymundi…comes Convenarum", dated Oct 1375, appointed "dominam Margaritam eius filiam…et dominæ Johannæ eius consortis", married firstly to "domino Johanne quondam comite Armaniaci et Convenarum", as his heir[173]. She married secondly (contract 8 Oct 1392) Jean de Fezenzaguet. A charter dated 8 Oct 1392 records the procuration from "domina Margaritta relicta…domini Joannis quondam comitis Armaniaci…Convenarum comitssa" to negotiate her marriage to "Joanne de Armaniaco filio…domini Geraldi de Armaniaco comitis Pardiaci…et…dominæ Annæ de Montelugduno eius consortis"[174]. She married thirdly (Papal dispensation 5 May 1419, contract 15 Jul 1419) as his first wife, Mathieu de Foix. Jean [III] & his wife had two children:

(a) JEANNE d’Armagnac (-after 11 Apr 1415). Père Anselme notes her marriage contract dated 19 Feb 1408 (O.S.?)[175]. “Jeanne d’Armagnac dame de Lesparre et Rauzan” complained to the government of Bordeaux of raids on Lesparre by letter dated 27 Dec 1414[176]. A letter from Henry V King of England dated 11 Apr 1415 records that “dame Jeanne d’Armagnac, qui fut femme audit sire de Lesparre...Guilhem-Amanieu” proposed the marriage of her daughter “au fils du...sire d’Albret”[177]. Père Anselme records that Jean [IV] Comte d’Armagnac claimed the county of Comminges after the death of Jeanne’s mother in 1443, claiming to be heir to “Jeanne sa fille qu’elle avoit eue de Jean III Comte d’Armagnac son oncle”, despite Marguerite having donated the county to Charles VII King of France[178]. m (contract 19 Feb 1409) GUILHEM AMANIEU de Madaillon Seigneur de Lesparre, son of --- Seigneur de Madaillon & his wife --- de Lesparre (-before 11 Apr 1415).

(b) MARGUERITE d’Armagnac . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage (no source citations)[179]. Anselme indicates that Marguerite married secondly “Guillaume de Tinières baron de Mardoigne et du Val” who, in other passages, he says married Guérine de Beaufort (Marguerite’s stepmother) as her second husband[180]. From a chronological point of view, this supposed second marriage of Marguerite seems impossible. m GUILLAUME [II] Vicomte de Narbonne, son of GUILLAUME [I] Vicomte de Narbonne & his wife Guérine de Beaufort ([1385/90?]-killed in battle Verneuil 17 Aug 1424).

ii) BERNARD [VII] d’Armagnac (1364-murdered Paris 12 Jun 1418). A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, appoints "Johannem filium nostrum…Johanus eius primogenito nepote nostro…Bernardeum de Armaignaco nepotem nostrum, secundo genitum dicti filii nostri heredem" as his heirs[181]. Comte d'Armagnac.

- see below.

iii) BEATRIX d'Armagnac . The Annales Mediolanenses record the marriage in 1382 of "Dominum Bernabovem…Domino Carolo filio suo" and "Dominum Comitem de Arminiaco…unam filiam"[182]. A charter dated 9 May 1382 notifies the marriage by proxy between "dominum comitem Armeniaci…Beatrix genita" and "Magdalenam natam…Bernabos Vicecomes"[183]. Giovanni di Musso’s Chronicon Placentinum records that "alii duo filii…Domini Bernabovis…Dominus Carolus et Dominus Mastolus" escaped when "Dominum Bernabovem et Dominum Ludovicum et Dominum Rodulphum eius filios" were captured at Pavia 6 May 1385, "Dominus Carolus" being at "Cremæ cum Domina Beatrice eius uxore"[184]. A treaty of peace between “monsenhor Johan…comte d’Armagnac, de Fezensac, et Johan d’Armagnac son fils…comte de Comenge” and “mossen Gaston…comte de Foix, et Gaston son filh” is dated 20 Mar 1378 and 1379, names “Margaride comtesse de Comenge” wife of the former, and provides for the marriage between “Beatrix filhe d’eudit mossenhor d’Armagnac…et lo dessusdit Gaston filh d’eudit mossenhor de Foix”[185]. The 15th century Chronicle of Esquerrier records the marriage in 1378 of "Madona Beatrix appelada la Gaya Armanhaguesa, filha del comte de Armanhac" and "Gaston, fil del comte Febus"[186]. m firstly (Betrothed 20 Mar 1378, 1379) GASTON de Béarn, son of GASTON [III] "Fébus" Comte de Foix & his wife Infanta doña Inés de Navarra ([1365]-[1381]). m secondly (27 Jan 1382, by proxy 9 May 1382) CARLO Visconti Signore di Parma, son of BERNABÒ Visconti Lord of Milan & his wife Beatrice "Regina" della Scala of Verona (Sep 1359-Aug 1403).

b) BERNARD (-after 18 Feb 1347). The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti…Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum…Johannam filiam nostrum…"[187].

c) JEANNE d'Armagnac ([1346]-Mar 1387). The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti…Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum…Johannam filiam nostrum…"[188]. The testament of "domina Beatrix de Clermont, comitissa Armaniaci, dominaque Charrolesio, uxor…domini Johannes comitis Armaniaci", dated 20 Aug 1361, appoints "filiam nostrum Johannam, Bituriæ et Alverniæ ducessam ac…dominos Johannem de Francia, Bituriæ et Alverniæ necnon et Burgendie et Borboni duces, et comitem Pardiaci…"[189]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, names "…Johanne…filie nostre…uxorique domini ducis de Beriui et Alvernie…"[190]. Père Anselme records her death “à la my-mars 1387 comme il s’apprend du 5. compte de Jean Perdrier maître de la chambre aux deniers de la reine”[191]. m (contract Carcassonne, Aude 24 Jun 1360, Rodez, Aveyron 17 Oct 1360) as his first wife, JEAN de France Duc de Berry, son of JEAN II "le Bon" King of France & his first wife Bonne de Luxembourg (Château du Bois de Vincennes 30 Nov 1340-Paris, Hôtel de Nesle 15 Jun 1416, bur Bourges Sainte-Chapelle).

d) MATHE d’Armagnac (alter 18 Feb 1347-Zaragoza 23 Oct 1378, bur Zaragoza Franciscan Church, transferred Feb 1381 to Poblet Monastery). She is not named in the testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, so must have been born subsequently[192]. Zurita records the marriage contract in 1372 between “el Infante don Juan” and “una hermana de Juan Conde de Armeñaque...Matha” and her dowry[193]. A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, names "…Mathe filie nostre…ducisse Gerunde, uxorique…principis domini Johannis, ducis Gerunde, primogeniti domini regis Aragonie"[194]. King Pedro IV confirmed having received news of the death of “la Duquesa vostre muler nostre filla” by letter dated 4 Nov 1378[195]. Bofarull records her precise date of death and places of burial as noted above[196]. m ([Barcelona[197]] 24 Jun 1373) as his second wife, Infante don JUAN de Aragón Duque de Gerona, son of PEDRO IV "el Ceremonioso" King of Aragon & his third wife Eleonora of Sicily [Aragon] (Perpignan 27 Dec 1350-Foixa 19 May 1396). He succeeded his father in 1387 as JUAN I "el Cazador" King of Aragon and Valencia, Conde de Barcelona.

3. ISABELLE d’Armagnac (-before 18 Feb 1347). Père Anselme names “Isabeau d’Armagnac” as the daughter of Comte Bernhard [VI] by his second marriage, adding that her brother gave her “le lieu de Branas” (no primary source cited)[198]. Dame de Beras. She is not named in the testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, so must have been died before then[199].

BERNARD [VII] d’Armagnac, son of JEAN [II] Comte d'Armagnac & his wife Jeanne de Périgord (1364-murdered Paris 12 Jun 1418). A second testament of "Johannes…comes Armaignaci, Fesensiaci et Ruthene, vicecomesque Leomaniæ et Altivillaris ac dominus terre Ripparie", dated 5 Apr 1373, appoints "Johannem filium nostrum…Johanus eius primogenito nepote nostro…Bernardeum de Armaignaco nepotem nostrum, secundo genitum dicti filii nostri heredem" as his heirs[200]. Comte d'Armagnac. "Bernardo…comite Armaniaci, Fezensiaci et Ruthenæ vicecomiteque Leomaniæ et Alti-Vilariæ…filium…domini Joannis quondam comitis Armaniaci, Fezensiaci, Ruthenæ et Carlienensis" confirmed the privileges of the county of Fezensac by charter dated 14 Nov 1393[201]. Encouraged by his father-in-law, he became a leading adversary of the Burgundian party. Vicomte de Murat: “Bernard Comte d’Armagnac” donated property, confiscated and acquired “audit vicomte” during the rebellion 20 Aug 1413, to the consuls of Murat by charter dated 1413[202]. He was appointed Connétable de France 30 Dec 1415. “Bernard vicomte” confirmed the privileges of the inhabitants of Murat by charter dated 1414[203]. He was killed by the people in Paris[204].

m (contract Château de Mehun-sur-Yèvre, Cher 2 Dec 1393) as her second husband, BONNE de Berry, widow of AMEDEE VII "le Comte Roux" Comte de Savoie, daughter of JEAN [I] de France Duc de Berry & his first wife Jeanne d'Armagnac (1362-Carlat, Cantal 30 Dec 1435, bur Rodez église des Cordeliers). The Geste des Nobles records that “le conte Bernart d’Armaignac” married “l’aisnée fille de Berry”[205]. Dame de Carlat, by cession of monastery, her father at Bourges Nov 1410. “Domina Bona de Biturio comitissa Armaniaci et Ruthenensis vicecomitissa vicecomitatus Carlatensis” granted “medietatem totius vicecomitatus Carlatensis” to “dominus Bernardus de Armaniaco milite...Bernardi...condam comitis Armanaci filius...eius filium”, reserving the usufruct to herself, by charter dated 4 Aug 1422[206]. "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armagnac, vicomtesse de Carladès, dame de Faucigny, Beaufort et Tarentaise en Savoie" appointed “Amaury de Séverac maréchal de France” as her ambassador to negotiate the marriage contract between “Bernard d’Armagnac comte de Pardiac son fils” and “Aliénor fille de Jacques de Bourbon roi de Jérusalem, de Hongrie et de Sicile” by charter dated 1 Jul 1424[207]. She renounced Faucigny in 1427 in favour of her son Amédée VIII Duke of Savoy. The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armagnac et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, appointed “son fils Bernard d’Armagac comte de Pardiac” as her heir, bequeathed property to “Isabeau de Navarre, femme de Jean comte d’Armagnac son fils...Aliénor de Bourbon femme de Bernard d’Armagnac...sa petite.fille Bonne fille dudit Jean et de Blanche de Bretagne sa première femme...Amédée duc de Savoie son fils issu de son première mariage...sa fille Bonne de Savoie princesse de Morée...Jeanne de Savoie marquise de Montferrat son autre fille...Bonne d’Armagnac sa fille duchesse d’Orléans...Anne d’Armagnac dame d’Albret sa fille”[208].

Bernard [VII] & his wife had seven children:

1. BONNE d'Armagnac (Lavardens, Gers 19 Feb [1395]-Castelnau-de-Montmiral, Tarn [1430[209]/16 Nov 1435]). The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armaganc et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, bequeathed property to “...Bonne d’Armagnac sa fille duchesse d’Orléans...”[210]. m (contract Gien, Loiret 18 Apr 1410, Riom, Puy-de-Dôme 15 Aug 1410) as his second wife, CHARLES Duc d'Orléans, son of LOUIS de France Duc d'Orléans & his second wife Valentina Visconti of Milan (Hôtel royal de Saint-Pol, Paris 24 Nov 1394-Château d'Amboise 4 Jan 1465, bur Chapelle d'Orléans, église des Célestins, Paris).

2. JEAN [IV] d’Armagnac (Convent des Cordeliers Rodez 15 Oct 1396-L’Isle-Jourdain [14 Oct 1450/12 May 1451]). Comte d'Armagnac. “Jehan...conte d’Armaignac”, considering his earlier marriage to “nostre...compaigne dame Ysabeau infante de Navarre filhe de...Charles...roy de Navarre”, agreed an alliance with his father-in-law by charter dated 24 Jul 1421[211]. Comte de Bigorre et Vicomte de Lomagne 1425. "Joannes…comes Armaniaci, Fezensiaci et Ruthenæ et Insulæ, vicecomesque Fezensagueti, Brullesii, Carselli et Gimoesi" confirmed the privileges of the county of Armagnac by charter dated 4 May 1428[212]. Père Anselme records that Jean [IV] Comte d’Armagnac claimed the county of Comminges after the death of Marguerite de Comminges in 1443, claiming to be heir to “Jeanne sa fille qu’elle avoit eue de Jean III Comte d’Armagnac son oncle”, despite Marguerite having donated the county to Charles VII King of France[213]. As a result of this and other complaints (his reputed alliance with the English and raids on Rouergue), the king captured Jean [IV] and all members of his family, except his eldest son, and confiscated the counties of Armagnac and Rodez, except “[les] châteaux de Severac et de Capdenat”. Jean, imprisoned at Carcassonne until 1446[214], was released after intervention by the king of Castile and the dukes of Orléans, Savoy and Alençon and most of his assets restored. He passed the last years of his life at l’Isle-Jourdain[215]. m firstly (contract 30 Jul 1406, Nantes 26 Jun 1407) BLANCHE de Bretagne, daughter of JEAN V "le Vaillant" Duke of Brittany & his third wife Infanta doña Juana de Navarra (1397-before May 1419). The marriage contract between "Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Jean d’Armagnac vicomte en Lomagne son fils ainé" and "Monseigneur Jean duc de Bretagne pour Madame Blanche sa sœur puinée" is dated 30 Jul 1406[216]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the marriage 26 Jun 1407 “in capella castri Nannetensis” of “Blanchia filia...Joannis quondam ducis Britanniæ et dominæ Johannæ filiæ regis Navarræ” and “domino Johanni filio comitis de Armeniaco et dominæ Johannæ filiæ ducis Bituricensis eius conjugis”[217]. m secondly (by proxy 10 May 1419) Infanta doña ISABEL de Navarra, daughter of CARLOS III "el Noble" King of Navarre & his wife Infanta doña Leonor de Castilla y León (1396-after 31 Aug 1435). “Jehan...conte d’Armaignac”, considering his earlier marriage to “nostre...compaigne dame Ysabeau infante de Navarre filhe de...Charles...roy de Navarre”, agreed an alliance with his father-in-law by charter dated 24 Jul 1421[218]. The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armaganc et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, bequeathed property to “Isabeau de Navarre, femme de Jean comte d’Armagnac son fils...”[219]. Isabel “infante de Navarre comtesse d’Armagnac” acknowledged receiving money from “Macé Heron trésorier general de toutes les finances du roy en Languedo et Guyenne” by charter dated 31 Aug 1435[220]. Jean [IV] & his first wife had one child:

a) BONNE d’Armagnac ([1416]-[1435/1448]). The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armaganc et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, appointed bequeathed property to “...sa petite.fille Bonne fille dudit Jean et de Blanche de Bretagne sa première femme...”[221]. Her dates of birth and death are shown in Europäische Stamtafeln[222]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. The “registre de comptes de G. Gibron grènetier du comté” name “Madomaysela Bona de Bretanha filha de mondit senhor” between 1431 and 1435 in the county of Rodez[223]. Lobineau records that Jean [IV] Comte d’Armagnac, as heir “de feue Bonne d’Armagnac qu’il avoit eue de Blanche de Bretagne”, claimed outstanding amounts of dowry from the duke of Brittany, dated to 1448 from the context[224].

Jean [IV] & his second wife had five children:

b) JEAN [V] d’Armagnac (1420-murdered Lectoure 5 Mar 1473, bur Lectoure Saint-Gervais). Vicomte de Lomagne. Père Anselme records that, after Charles VII King of France captured his father Jean [IV] Comte d’Armagnac and confiscated his assets in 1443, Jean escaped to Spain, that he returned after his father died to claim the succession, and that he finally swore allegiance to the king at Montbazon in Nov 1450[225]. He succeeded his father in 1450 as Comte d’Armagnac. The Chronique de Mathieu d’Escouchy records that in 1455 Pope Nicholas V excommunicated “le comte d’Erminacq...aagé de XXXV ans” for having “III ou IIII ans paravant...avoit eu habitacion charnelle aveuc une sienne sœur germaine, qui estoit...de l’aage de XXII ans” [which appears from the context to refer to her age when the couple’s relationship started] and had two children by her[226]. Pope Pius II annulled the claimed dispensation supposedly issued by Pope Calixtus III justifying the incestuous marriage between “Johannes comes Armegnaci et Catherina [error for Isabella] eius germana soror” dated 18 Nov 1459[227]. Père Anselme records that Jean [V] was prosecuted after marrying his sister (see below), banished and his assets confiscated by decision dated 13 May 1460, restored to his rights 11 Oct 1461 and 3 Nov 1463, swore allegiance to the king 5 Nov 1465, subsequently broke all his promises and was prosecuted again 23 Nov 1469 and sentenced 7 Sep 1470, and was eventually murdered when the king’s army attacked Lectoure[228]. The Chronique Scandaleuse of Louis XI records that Mar 1472 (presumably O.S.) “le Conte d’Armagnac” was murdered at Lectoure[229]. m (contract 31 Aug 1468, Lectoure 19 Aug 1469) JEANNE de Foix, daughter of GASTON IV Comte de Foix Prince of Navarre & his wife Infanta doña Leonor de Navarra ([1452/54?]-Pau after 12 Feb 1479, bur Lescar). Zurita records information about Leonor’s daughters “las Infantes sus hijas…y la Infante Dona Iuana, q fue la segunda, casò con sua postrer Conde de Armenaq, de quie no quedò sucession:…”[230]. Her birth date is estimated from the date of her marriage, bearing in mind the likely birth dates of her siblings. Père Anselme records Jeanne’s marriage contract dated 31 Aug 1468[231]. The chronicle of Guillaume Leseur (“composée quelques années après la mort du prince qui en est le héros”[232]) records successful negotiations for the marriage of “le conte d’Armignac…avecques madame Jehanne de Foix, fille seconde de monsieur le prince de Navarre, conte de Foix”, despite King Louis XI withdrawing his support, and the marriage in Aug 1470 “en sa ville de Auze en Armignac”[233]. Samaran records the marriage celebrated in Aug 1469 at Lectoure[234]. After her husband was murdered, Jeanne lived at the Franciscan convent at Rodez where she arrived 23 Aug 1473, and by charter dated 10 Feb 1476 transferred property in Armagnac and Rouergue to Ymbert de Batarnay[235]. Carbonnell recorded that, when she died, Leonor Queen of Navarre left “tres fills mascles e tres filles fembres…les filles son la Contessa Darmanyach la Duquesa de Bretanya e la Infanta dona Elionor donzella”[236]. La Perrière’s 1539 Annalles de Foix records that “La seconde fille…Iehanne…marie au Comte Darmygnac dernier, et pour aultant quelle neust aulcuns enfans de luy revint a Pau, auquel lieu mourut, et fut enterree a Lescar”[237]. The 1540 Historia Fuxensium Comitum of Bertrandi Helie Appamiensis records that “Secunda Gastonis comitis et Leonoræ filia…Ioanna quæ Armeniacum comitem…” returned to Béarn after her husband died, died “Palensi oppido”, and was buried “Lascurris”[238]. Oihénart says that, after the death of her husband, Jeanne married secondly “Ioannis Asteriensis Vicecomitis”[239], which appears to confuse Jeanne with her supposed illegitimate half-sister. Mistress (1): his sister, ISABELLE d’Armagnac, daughter of JEAN [IV] Comte d’Armagnac & his second wife Infanta doña Isabel de Navarra ([1430]-before 4 Aug 1476). The Chronique de Mathieu d’Escouchy records that in 1455 Pope Nicholas V excommunicated “le comte d’Erminacq...aagé de XXXV ans” for having “III ou IIII ans paravant...avoit eu habitacion charnelle aveuc une sienne sœur germaine, qui estoit...de l’aage de XXII ans” [which appears from the context to refer to her age when the couple’s relationship started] and had two children by her[240]. Père Anselme records that Jean [V] married his sister Isabelle “sous une fausse dispense obtenue avant l’an 1457”, claimed to have been forged by “Ambroise de Cambray referendaire du pape, depuis maître des requestes” and admitted by Jean in a lawsuit dated 14 Mar 1457, and that he granted Isabelle “la jouissance des terres d’Aure, de Magnoac, Nestez, Barousse et Clausiers” conditional on her not marrying or becoming a nun by charter dated 22 Apr 1463[241]. Pope Pius II annulled the claimed dispensation supposedly issued by Pope Calixtus III justifying the incestuous marriage between “Johannes comes Armegnaci et Catherina [error for Isabella] eius germana soror” dated 18 Nov 1459[242]. “Jehan [comte] d’Armagnac” granted “nostras...terras et seignorias d’Aura, de Barossa et de Manhoac” to “ma...sor Ysabel d’Armanhac” by charter dated 15 Nov 1462[243]. The testament of “domina Ysabellis de Armanhaco”, dated 20 Aug 1474, chose burial in Auch cathedral, and bequeathed property to “nobili Rose de Armanhaco filie naturali domini Johannis de Armaniaco quondam comitis Armaniaci ultime deffucti nepti ipsius domine testatricis...nobilem --- de Armaniaco nepotem suum et filium naturalem domini comitis Armaniaci quondam ultime deffuncti...alium suum nepotem secundum filium naturalem dicti domini comitis Armaniaci”[244]. A first codicial of “domina Ysabellis de Armaniaco” is dated 1 Aug 1475, and three subsequent codicils dated 5 Aug 1475[245]. Mistress (2): MARGUERITE Despujos [de Pujos], daughter of --- ([1451/53]-after 10 Mar 1498). Pleadings in a lawsuit dated to the end-15th century name “Marguerite de Pugeaulx...noble et de noble maison [qui] n’avoit que XVIII ans quant ledict feu conte d’Armignac la print en la maison de son pere et l’amena avec lui dans son chastel de Lestoit, ou il la tint XVIII mois sans en partir” as mother of [Pierre] bâtard d’Armagnac and record her subsequent marriage to “le sr de Verrieres”[246]. She was named in testimony during interrogatories in 1511 which named [her son] “Pierre d’Armaignac...aaigé de XLV ans ou environ, filz naturel du feu comte Jehan d’Armaignac...et d’une nommé Marguerite Despugeos”, adding that she was then aged 15 or 16 and about a year after the birth of her son married “ung gentilhomme du pays de Rouergue, sr. de Verieres”[247]. She married ([1469/70]) Jean de Verrières. Her marriage is also indicated by the testament of Jean d’Armagnac Duc de Nemours which bequeathed property to “la sœur du bâtard Antoinette de Verrières”[248]. The testament of “nobilis Margarita de Posolis uxor nobilis Johannis de Vereris Sancti Genesii Rippadolti”, dated 10 Mar 1497 (O.S.), ordered religious foundations with money from “comes Armanhaci”, and named “nobilem Anthoniam de Vereris filiam suam legitimam” as her heir, with “nobilem Petrum de Armanhaco filium suum naturalem” as substitute[249]. Jean [V] & his wife had one child:

i) child (posthumously stillborn château de Buffet [Apr] 1473). Père Anselme states that the widow of Jean [V] was “grosse de huit mois” when her husband died, was taken “au château de Buffet après la prise de Lectoure”, where she was made to drink “un breuvage” which made her give birth to “un enfant mort” so that “il ne restât aucun de la race du comte”[250].

Jean [V] had three illegitimate children by Mistress (1):

ii) JEAN d’Armagnac (-[before 1516]). He is named in Europäische Stammtafeln[251]. The primary source which confirms this information has not been identified. The testament of “domina Ysabellis de Armanhaco”, dated 20 Aug 1474, bequeathed property to “nobili Rose de Armanhaco filie naturali domini Johannis de Armaniaco quondam comitis Armaniaci ultime deffucti nepti ipsius domine testatricis...nobilem --- de Armaniaco nepotem suum et filium naturalem domini comitis Armaniaci quondam ultime deffuncti...alium suum nepotem secundum filium naturalem dicti domini comitis Armaniaci”[252]. Seigneur de Camboulas. The testament of “Pierre d’Armagnac chevalier comte de l’Isle en Jourdain”, dated 10 Sep 1514, bequeathed property to “Jehan d’Armaignac son frere...”[253]. Europäische Stammtafeln shows a possible first marriage to an unnamed wife and a son named “Antoine 1500” born from this marriage[254]. Jean gave property to his son Antoine 10 Jun 1500 “considérant qu’[il] était pauvre et qu’il désirait étudier les arts et le droit, tant civil que canonique”[255]. No document has been identified which indicates whether he was legitimate or illegitimate. m (secretly 1507) JEANNE de La Tour, daughter of RAYMOND & his wife ---. Guarantees dated 1507 record the marriage of “Jean d’Armagnac seigneur de Camboulas” and “noble Jeanne fille de Raymond de la Tour”[256].

iii) ANTOINE d’Armagnac . He is named in Europäische Stammtafeln[257]. The primary source which confirms this information has not been identified. The testament of “domina Ysabellis de Armanhaco”, dated 20 Aug 1474, bequeathed property to “nobili Rose de Armanhaco filie naturali domini Johannis de Armaniaco quondam comitis Armaniaci ultime deffucti nepti ipsius domine testatricis...nobilem --- de Armaniaco nepotem suum et filium naturalem domini comitis Armaniaci quondam ultime deffuncti...alium suum nepotem secundum filium naturalem dicti domini comitis Armaniaci”[258].

iv) ROSE d’Armagnac (-after 1516). The testament of “domina Ysabellis de Armanhaco”, dated 20 Aug 1474, bequeathed property to “nobili Rose de Armanhaco filie naturali domini Johannis de Armaniaco quondam comitis Armaniaci ultime deffucti nepti ipsius domine testatricis...nobilem --- de Armaniaco nepotem suum et filium naturalem domini comitis Armaniaci quondam ultime deffuncti...alium suum nepotem secundum filium naturalem dicti domini comitis Armaniaci”[259]. The marriage contract between Rose d’Armagnac and “Gaspard de Villemur baron de Pailhès” is undated, dated to 1499[260]. Accounts of the county of Rodez name “Boszo: madomaysela Rosa bastarda d’Armagnac” in 1516[261]. m (1499) GASPARD de Villemur Baron de Pailhès, son of ---.

Jean [V] had one illegitimate child by Mistress (2):

v) PIERRE bâtard d’Armagnac (Lectoure [1468]-[10 Sep 1514/Mar 1515]). Père Anselme confuses Pierre, illegitimate son of Jean [V] Comte d’Armagnac, with Pierre, illegitimate son of Jean [V]’s brother Charles (see below)[262]. Samaran cites two sources which distinguish between the two and clarify the issue: Pierre bâtard d’Armagnac baron de Caussade (Charles’s son) claimed his seigneurie before the parliament of Paris in Mar 1515, around the same time when Yolande de la Haye, widow of Pierre bâtard d’Armagnac comte de l’Isle-Jourdain, claimed the succession of her husband in the same court[263]. His birth was highlighted by testimony during interrogatories in 1511 which named “Pierre d’Armaignac...aaigé de XLV ans ou environ, filz naturel du feu comte Jehan d’Armaignac...et d’une nommé Marguerite Despugeos”[264]. The testament of “nobilis Margarita de Posolis uxor nobilis Johannis de Vereris Sancti Genesii Rippadolti”, dated 10 Mar 1497 (O.S.), named “nobilem Anthoniam de Vereris filiam suam legitimam” as her heir, with “nobilem Petrum de Armanhaco filium suum naturalem” as substitute[265]. Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain: Père Anselme records that Jean d’Armagnac Duc de Nemours granted him the county of Isle-Jourdain, confirmed in the testament of the latter dated 28 Nov 1500, which he donated to the duc de Longueville 17 Feb 1510[266]. He was legitimated by King Louis XII at Blois [Feb/Mar] 1511[267]. The testament of “Pierre d’Armagnac chevalier comte de l’Isle en Jourdain”, dated 10 Sep 1514, recommended to his wife “Pierre son fils batard”, bequeathed property to “Jehan d’Armaignac son frere...Bernard d’Armaignac dit bastard de Castres...”, and appointed his wife as his heir[268]. m (contract 1500) as her third husband, YOLANDE de la Haye Dame de Passavant, de Chemillé et de Mortagne, widow firstly of PIERRE [III] de Brezé Comte de Maulevrier and secondly of JEAN d’Armagnac Duc de Nemours, daughter and heiress of LOUIS de la Haye Seigneur de Passavant & his wife Marie d’Orléans (-Paris hôtel de Tancarville 24 May 1517, bur Ave Maria). Père Anselme records her parentage, earlier marriages, the contract for her third marriage dated 1500, and her fourth marriage to “Toussaint Meslier procureur au parlement, natif de Mauzé près Niort en Poitou, fils d’un pauvre tisserand de drap”[269]. Yolande de la Haye, widow of Pierre bâtard d’Armagnac comte de l’Isle-Jourdain, claimed the succession of her husband in the parlement de Paris in [Mar] 1515[270]. Pleadings in that lawsuit asserted her “trés deshonneste et scandaleuse” adultery with “le feu bastard d’Armaignac” while married to “feu Jehan duc de Nemoux”, suggesting that the couple was not legally married[271]. She married fourthly (after 1515) Toussaint Meslier, son of ---. Père Anselme notes her ill-treatment by her fourth husband and records that she lost “la baronnie de Chemillé” in a single night of gambling with “le maréchal de Gié”[272]. Pierre had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:

(a) PIERRE bâtard de l’Isle-Jourdain (-after 13 Nov 1514). The testament of “Pierre d’Armagnac chevalier comte de l’Isle en Jourdain”, dated 10 Sep 1514, recommended to his wife “Pierre son fils batard”[273]. Betrothed (contract 13 Nov 1514) to CATHERINE Richelin, daughter of ---. Père Anselme refers to her “promesse de mariage” dated 13 Nov 1514[274].

c) MARIE d’Armagnac ([1420/25]-monastère des Hospitalières, Mortagne-au-Perche 25 Jul 1473, bur église collégiale de Toussaint). Père Anselme records her marriage contract dated 30 Apr 1437[275]. m (contract Chateau de l’Isle-Jourdain, Gers 30 Apr 1437) as his second wife, JEAN [II] Duc d’Alençon, son of JEAN I "le Sage" Duc d'Alençon & his wife Marie de Bretagne dame de La Guerche (Château d’Argentan 2 Mar [1409]- Paris 1476, bur Paris, église des Jacobins).

d) ELEONORE d’Armagnac (-[6/11] Dec 1456). A charter dated to [1442] records negotiations for the marriage between one of the daughters of “d[omini] c[omitis] A[rmaniaci]” and Henry VI King of England[276]. The date suggests that the daughter was Eléonore, although she is not named in the document. Père Anselme records her betrothal to Gaillard de la Motte and her marriage, but does not cite the primary sources on which this information is based[277]. Betrothed to GAILLARD de la Motte, son of BERTRAND de la Motte Seigneur de Bouge et de Clermont & his wife ---. m (26 Sep 1446) as his second wife, LOUIS de Chalon Prince d’Orange Seigneur d’Arlay et d’Arguel, son of JEAN Prince d'Orange, Seigneur d'Arlay & his wife Marie de Baux Pss d'Orange (1390-3 Dec 1463).

e) CHARLES [I] ([1425]-Castelnau de Montmirail 3 Jun 1497, bur Castelnau de Montmirail). Vicomte de Fézensaguet. In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal recorded that, on his marriage, his brother Comte Jean [V] granted “les vicontés de Creysseilh et de Fezenzaguel, la baronnie de Roquefueilh” and revenue from “cele de Malhauze” to Charles[278]. He succeeded his brother in 1473 as titular Comte d’Armagnac. Père Anselme records that, after his brother was killed, Charles was imprisoned in the Bastille where he remained for 15 years, that his assets were confiscated and given in Jun 1473 “au sire d’Albret” to whom Charles sold the county of Armagnac 2 Mar 1483 (a sale which was not implemented), and that he was rehabilitated on the succession of King Charles VIII who restored his assets[279]. The restoration of his assets is dated 3 Apr 1484[280]. He transferred part of his property 8 Nov 1484 to his nephew Hugues de Chalon Seigneur de Châteauguyon[281], and the remaining parts to his other nephew René Duc d’Alençon 19 Dec 1484, reserving the usufruct, the transactions being confirmed 4 Apr 1491 and renewed 18 Jun 1497. Père Anselme records that the king appointed guardians as Charles was unable to govern his own affairs “son esprit s’étant affoibli par la longue prison qu’il avoit soufferte”[282]. In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal recorded the death at “Chasteau neuf de Montmiral” of “le comte Charles” and his burial “en l’esglise dudict lieu”, noting that he had been imprisoned in the Bastille for 14 or 15 years[283]. m (contract 26 Nov 1468) CATHERINE de Foix, daughter of JEAN de Foix Comte de Benauges Earl of Kendal & his wife Margaret Kerdeston (-before 5 Apr 1510). In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal recorded that “le comte Charles...estent asses jeune” married “dame Catherine de Foix filhe de Jean de Foix comte de Candale et captal de Buch”[284]. Père Anselme records her marriage contract dated 26 Nov 1468[285]. The parlement de Toulouse ordered the property of “la veuve du dernier comte, naguère décédée” in Rouergue to be incorporated “au domaine de la Couronne”, dated 5 Apr 1510[286]. Mistress (1): MARGUERITE de Claux, daughter of ---. Père Anselme names her as mother of Charles’s illegitimate son Pierre[287]. In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal recorded that Charles “s’estent en son jeune âge” had “ung enfent masle...Pierre” by “une damoysele nommée Marguerite de la maison du Claux en Guascoigne”[288]. Charles had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

i) JEAN bâtard d’Armagnac (-after 1 Jan 1471). The “comptes de Jean Amat receveur de Fezensaguet” name “Petit Johan” several times between 1463 and 1471[289].

Charles had one illegitimate child by Mistress (1):

ii) PIERRE bâtard d’Armagnac (before 1468-after 26 Sep 1517, bur Francou Saint-Etienne). In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal recorded that Charles “s’estent en son jeune âge” had “ung enfent masle...Pierre” by “une damoysele nommée Marguerite de la maison du Claux en Guascoigne”[290]. As noted above, Père Anselme confuses Pierre, illegitimate son of Jean [V] Comte d’Armagnac (see above), with Pierre, illegitimate son of Jean [V]’s brother Charles[291]. Samaran cites two sources which distinguish between the two and clarify the issue: Pierre bâtard d’Armagnac baron de Caussade (Charles’s son) claimed his seigneurie before the parliament of Paris in Mar 1515, around the same time when Yolande de la Haye, widow of Pierre bâtard d’Armagnac comte de l’Isle-Jourdain, claimed the succession of her husband in the same court[292]. Père Anselme records his parentage and his birth before his father’s marriage, and notes that he was recognised by his father 21 May 1486 and legitimated 1502[293]. “Charles...comte d’Armagnac” recognised “Pierre fils de Marguerite de Clam…notre fils bastard” by letters dated 21 May 1486[294]. Baron de Caussade. The testament of “messire Pierre bastard d’Armaignac chevalier et baron de Caussade et de Saincte Livrade et seigneur de Moulières, de La Françoyse, de Montalzat et de plusieurs autres seigneuries”, dated 26 Sep 1517, requested burial in the church of the convent of “Saint-Etienne de Francou”, bequeathed property to his daughter “Esteveyne d’Armagnac religieuse au couvent...de Proulle en l’esveché de Mirepoys”, and appointed his only son “Georges d’Armagnac” as his heir[295]. Mistress (1): FLEURETTE de Luppé, daughter of CARBONNEL de Luppé Seigneur de Lacanne & his wife ---. Carsalade considers that the couple married “par parole de présent”, a form of marriage prohibited by the Council of Trent 1545[296]. Pierre had two illegitimate children by Mistress (1):

(a) GEORGES d’Armagnac (1501-Avignon 5 Jun 1585, bur Notre-Dame de Don). The testament of “messire Pierre bastard d’Armaignac chevalier et baron de Caussade et de Saincte Livrade et seigneur de Moulières, de La Françoyse, de Montalzat et de plusieurs autres seigneuries”, dated 26 Sep 1517, appointed his only son “Georges d’Armagnac” as his heir[297]. In the mid-16th century, Antoine Bonal named Pierre, illegitimate son of Charles d’Armagnac, as the father of “monsieur le cardinal d’Armainac...évesque de Roudez et depuis archevesque de Tholouze, et après archevesque et légat d’Avignon”[298]. Bishop of Rodez 1529. Cardinal 1544, Archbishop of Toulouse 1547, held several important ambassadorial positions for the French kings, Archbishop of Avignon 1577[299].

(b) ETIENNETTE d’Armagnac (-after 26 Sep 1517). The testament of “messire Pierre bastard d’Armaignac chevalier et baron de Caussade et de Saincte Livrade et seigneur de Moulières, de La Françoyse, de Montalzat et de plusieurs autres seigneuries”, dated 26 Sep 1517, bequeathed property to his daughter “Esteveyne d’Armagnac religieuse au couvent...de Proulle en l’esveché de Mirepoys”[300].

Charles had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:

iii) ANTOINE bâtard d’Armagnac . Père Anselme records he received a pension from the lands of Armagnac and that “le 2. compte de Jean Boucher receveur des terres d’Armagnac” records a payment made to him 1 Jul 1488[301].

f) ISABELLE d’Armagnac ([1430]-before Aug 1476). The Chronique de Mathieu d’Escouchy records that in 1455 Pope Nicholas V excommunicated “le comte d’Erminacq...aagé de XXXV ans” for having “III ou IIII ans paravant...avoit eu habitacion charnelle aveuc une sienne sœur germaine, qui estoit...de l’aage de XXII ans” [which appears from the context to refer to her age when the couple’s relationship started] and had two children by her[302]. Père Anselme records that Jean [V] married his sister Isabelle “sous une fausse dispense obtenue avant l’an 1457”, claimed to have been forged by “Ambroise de Cambray referendaire du pape, depuis maître des requestes” and admitted by Jean in a lawsuit dated 14 Mar 1457, and that he granted Isabelle “la jouissance des terres d’Aure, de Magnoac, Nestez, Barousse et Clausiers” conditional on her not marrying or becoming a nun by charter dated 22 Apr 1463[303]. Pope Pius II annulled the claimed dispensation supposedly issued by Pope Calixtus III justifying the incestuous marriage between “Johannes comes Armegnaci et Catherina [error for Isabella] eius germana soror” dated 18 Nov 1459[304]. “Jehan [comte] d’Armagnac” granted “nostras...terras et seignorias d’Aura, de Barossa et de Manhoac” to “ma...sor Ysabel d’Armanhac” by charter dated 15 Nov 1462[305]. "Domina Isabellis de Armignaco, filia…domini Joannis quondam comitis Armaniaci domina terrarum Auræ, Maignoaci et Marrosæ, ac totius Baronniæ de la Bartha" confirmed an agreement with "domino Gastoni de Leone domino de Vesan" by charter dated 9 Nov 1473[306]. The testament of “domina Ysabellis de Armanhaco”, dated 20 Aug 1474, chose burial in Auch cathedral, and bequeathed property to “nobili Rose de Armanhaco filie naturali domini Johannis de Armaniaco quondam comitis Armaniaci ultime deffucti nepti ipsius domine testatricis...nobilem --- de Armaniaco nepotem suum et filium naturalem domini comitis Armaniaci quondam ultime deffuncti...alium suum nepotem secundum filium naturalem dicti domini comitis Armaniaci”[307]. A first codicial of “domina Ysabellis de Armaniaco” is dated 1 Aug 1475, and three subsequent codicils dated 5 Aug 1475[308]. She was mistress of her brother JEAN d’Armagnac Vicomte de Lomagne.

3. MARIE (Gages 1397-[1404/06], bur Rodez). Père Anselme names Marie as a daughter of Bernard [VII] Comte d’Armagnac “morte sans avoir été mariée” (without dates) without citing any primary source[309]. Her dates and places of birth, death and burial are shown in Europäische Stamtafeln[310]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified.

4. BERNARD d’Armagnac (29 Mar 1400-1462). Vicomte de Carlat. “Domina Bona de Biturio comitissa Armaniaci et Ruthenensis vicecomitissa vicecomitatus Carlatensis” granted “medietatem totius vicecomitatus Carlatensis” to “dominus Bernardus de Armaniaco milite...Bernardi...condam comitis Armanaci filius...eius filium”, reserving the usufruct to herself, by charter dated 4 Aug 1422[311]. Comte de Pardiac. Comte de la Marche 1435, by right of his wife. Connétable de France. Created Duc de Nemours (pair de France)1461.

- DUCS de NEMOURS.

5. ANNE d’Armagnac (1402-). The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d’Armaganc et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d’Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, bequeathed property to “...Anne d’Armagnac dame d’Albret sa fille”[312]. m CHARLES [II] Seigneur d’Albret, of CHARLES [I] d'Albret Seigneur d'Albret [Constable of France] & his wife Marie Dame de Sully et de Craon (1407-1471).

6. JEANNE (30 Jul 1403-1403, bur Rodez). Her dates and places of birth, death and burial are shown in Europäische Stamtafeln[313]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. Jeanne is not named by Père Anselme[314].

7. BEATRIX (Gages 9 Apr 1406-after 1418). Her dates and places of birth, death and burial are shown in Europäische Stamtafeln[315]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. Beatrix is not named by Père Anselme[316].

C. VICOMTES de CORNEILLAN

Corneillan is a small village located near Bernède about 10 kilometres south-east of Aire sur l’Adour in the present-day French département of Gers, within the territory of the medieval county of Armagnac. References to vicomtes de Corneillan have been identified in primary sources between 1055 and 1081. Presumably the site of a fortress of sufficient importance to justify the creation of a vicomté, no reference to such fortification or surviving remains of any medieval castle has been found. Presumably vassals of the comtes d’Armagnac, no document has yet been identified which confirms this vassal relationship beyond doubt. Secondary sources record later vicomtes de Corneillan from the early 13th century. No indication has been found that this later family descended from the 11th century vicomtes.

1. ADEMAR de Polestron (-[1075]). "Ademarus Polestronii cum filiis suis Willelmo-Fedaco, Oddone Fedaco" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[317]. Vicomte de Corneillan. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "…Ademarus vicecomes Polestrensis et filii eius Willelmus Fedacus…Oddo et Fedacus", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[318]. m GAUDIS, daughter of ---. An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes property donated by "Galdis vicecomitissa mater Fedaci vicecomites" for the soul of "mariti sui Ademari", dated to [1075][319]. "Gaudis…femina vicecomitissa dicta de Cornela" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1078][320]. "Fedacus castri Corneliani vicecomes, mater mea Gajadiz" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont with the consent of "fratre meo Wilelmo Fedaco" by charter dated to [1080][321]. Adémar & his wife had three children:

a) GUILLAUME FEDAC (-[1084/86]). "Ademarus Polestronii cum filiis suis Willelmo-Fedaco, Oddone Fedaco" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[322]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "…Ademarus vicecomes Polestrensis et filii eius Willelmus Fedacus…Oddo et Fedacus", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[323]. Vicomte de Corneillan. A charter dated to [1084] records that "vicecomes de Cornela Fedacus" was killed "subito gladiis" and succeeded by "Wilelmus Fedacus…frater eius maior", and that his predecessor was "alterius fratris sui Oddonis"[324]. m as her first husband, BERTRANA, daughter of ---. "Bertranna vicecomitissa de Cernela" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1085][325]. She married secondly ([1086] or before) Eleazarus. "Eleazarus et uxor mea vice comitissa…Bertranna" made an agreement with the monks of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1086][326]. Guillaume Fedac & his wife had two children:

i) ARNAUD GUILLAUME (-before [1090]). A charter dated to [1090] records that "miles Kaiardus filius vicecomitisse Bertranne de Cornela" had agreed a donation to the monastery of Saint-Mont for his burial, that after his death "Arnaldus Wilelmus frater eius" had made the donation, and that after Arnaud Guillaume died "uxor ipsius Bonafemina" confirmed the donation[327]. m BONAFEMINA, daughter of --- (-after [1090]). A charter dated to [1090] records that "miles Kaiardus filius vicecomitisse Bertranne de Cornela" had agreed a donation to the monastery of Saint-Mont for his burial, that after his death "Arnaldus Wilelmus frater eius" had made the donation, and that after Arnaud Guillaume died "uxor ipsius Bonafemina" confirmed the donation[328].

ii) CAIARD (-before [1090]). A charter dated to [1090] records that "miles Kaiardus filius vicecomitisse Bertranne de Cornela" had agreed a donation to the monastery of Saint-Mont for his burial, that after his death "Arnaldus Wilelmus frater eius" had made the donation, and that after Arnaud Guillaume died "uxor ipsius Bonafemina" confirmed the donation[329].

b) OTHON (-before [1084]). "Ademarus Polestronii cum filiis suis Willelmo-Fedaco, Oddone Fedaco" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[330]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "…Ademarus vicecomes Polestrensis et filii eius Willelmus Fedacus…Oddo et Fedacus", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[331]. A charter dated to [1084] records that "vicecomes de Cornela Fedacus" was killed "subito gladiis" and succeeded by "Wilelmus Fedacus…frater eius maior", and that his predecessor was "alterius fratris sui Oddonis"[332].

c) FEDAC (-killed in battle [1081]). "Ademarus Polestronii cum filiis suis Willelmo-Fedaco, Oddone Fedaco" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[333]. "Bernardus cognomento Tumapalerius tocius condatus Guasconie comes" and donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont, on the advice of "…Ademarus vicecomes Polestrensis et filii eius Willelmus Fedacus…Oddo et Fedacus", by charter dated 1062 before 4 Aug[334]. Vicomte de Corneillan. "Fedacus castri Corneliani vicecomes, mater mea Gajadiz" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont with the consent of "fratre meo Wilelmo Fedaco" by charter dated to [1080], which also names "avunculus eius Wilelmus Fedacus"[335]. A charter dated to [1084], signed by "Mancipio consobrino suo", records that "vicecomes de Cornela Fedacus" was killed "subito gladiis" and succeeded by "Wilelmus Fedacus…frater eius maior", and that his predecessor was "alterius fratris sui Oddonis"[336]. m SANCHA, daughter of ---. An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes details of a serf "in…loco Pujole" donated by "Sancia uxor…Fedacii vicecomitis" on the day her husband died, with the advice of "comitis Geraldi", dated to [1081][337]. She married secondly ([1086]) as his second wife, Géraud [II] Comte d'Armagnac. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes property donated by "Sanzia comitissa uxor Geraldi comitis Armaniaci", dated to [1088][338]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. "Comes Geroldus cum uxore mea Sazia" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont by charter dated to [1095][339]. Fedac & his wife had one child:

i) ARSIUS (-after May [1086]). "Vicecomes Arsius, filius Fedaci vicecomitis Corneliani" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Mont after the death of "patris sui" by charter dated May [1086][340].

2. [GERAUD (-before [1078]). An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes property donated by "Geraldus vicecomes", dated to [1070][341]. It is not known how Géraud was related to the other vicomtes de Corneillan. It is assumed that he died before the donation by his son dated to [1078] (see below).] m ---.

a) GUILLAUME GERAUD (-after [1078]). An inventory of churches of the monastery of Saint-Mont includes property donated by "Wilelmus Geraldus filius Geraldi vicecomitis Corneliani", dated to [1078][342].

3. [--- . m ---.]

a) [MANCIPIUS (-after [1084]). A charter dated to [1084], signed by "Mancipio consobrino suo", records that "vicecomes de Cornela Fedacus" was killed "subito gladiis"[343]. It is possible that Mancipius was related to Fedac through the family of the latter's mother.]

D. VICOMTES de FEZENZAGUET

The vicomté of Fézenzaguet (or Fézensaguet) was located near Mauvezin in the present-day French département of Gers, on the border of the medieval county of Armagac with the vicomté of Lomagne. Bernard de Lomagne, son of Othon [I] de Lomagne Seigneur de Firmaçon and Mascarose d’Armagnac, is recorded as vicomte de Fézenzaguet in the 1180s. The name of the vicomté suggests that it may have been an artificial creation, carved out of the county of Fézenzac, which was at that time held by the comtes d’Armagnac.

GASTON d’Armagnac, son of GERAUD [VI] Comte d’Armagnac & his wife Mathe de Béarn (-1319). "Dominæ Mathæ…Armaniaci et Fezensiaci comitissæ" requested the emancipation of "Gastonis vicecomitis Fezensaguetti filiique dictæ dominæ comitissæ et…Guiraudi…Armaniaci et Fezensiaci comitis" by charter dated 8 Jan 1294[344]. Vicomte de Fézenzaguet. The testament of “Isabellis domina de Lebreto comitissa Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 1 Oct 1294, and names “...Gastoni vicecomiti Fesensaquelli...sororiis meis”[345]. “Bernardo...comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” granted “castrum et villam de Castro Gelosio...de Veiriaco” to “Gasto de Armaniaco vicecomes Fesensaquelli et Rogerius frater suus...fratres prædicti”, by charter dated 8 Oct 1294[346]. The testament of “Bernardus...comes Armaniaci et Fesenciaci” is dated 18 May 1302, names “Gastonem, Rogerium, Marquam et Mascarosinam fratres et sorores nostros...Geraldo de Labbatus nepoti nostro et primogenito dictæ Mascarosæ sororis nostræ...Geraldi quondam patris nostri comitis...dominæ Siachæ comitissa Armeniaci et Fesenciaci matri nostræ”[347].

m firstly (1298) VALPURGE de Rodez, daughter of HENRI [II] Comte de Rodez & his second wife Mascarose de Comminges. A manuscript of Rodez convent names "tres filias…Belburgem, Beatricem et Cæciliam" as thr children of "Henricus comes Ruthenensis filius Hugonis" and his second wife "domina Mascarosa de Convenis", adding that Valpurge married "nobili Gastone de Armaniaco vicecomite Fezensaguelli" with a dowry of "baroniæ de Rocafolio, Creyselli, de Monteferrato et de Cornus"[348]. The testament of "Mascarona…comitissa Ruthenensis", made Mar 1291, makes bequests to "…filiabus nostris…Valborges, Cæciliæ et Beatrici"[349]. The testament of "Henricus…comes Ruthenensis", dated 1301, appoints "Valburgem filiam suam…ex matrimonio…uxoris dominæ Mascarosæ de Convenis natam uxorem…Gastonis de Armanhaco vicecomitis Fezensaguelli et Bruliensis" as his heir "in…baronia sua de Rocafolio"[350].

m secondly (contract 1316 after 25 Aug) as her first husband, INDIA de Caumont, daughter of GUILLAUME [III] Seigneur de Caumont & his wife Miramonde de Mauléon. Père Anselme records her marriage contract dated 1316 “après la fête de S. Louis”[351]. She married secondly (17 Jul 1323) as his second wife, Guy de Comminges Seigneur de Figeac.

Gaston & his first wife had children :

1. GERAUD (-after 21 Apr 1339, Mauvésin). Vicomte de Fézenzaguet. Père Anselme records his testament dated 21 Apr 1339[352]. m JEANNE de Comminges, daughter of PIERRE-RAYMOND [I] de Comminges & his wife Françoise de Fezensac (-before 21 Apr 1339). Père Anselme records that her husband’s testament dated 21 Apr 1339 states that his wife preceased him[353]. Géraud & his wife had children:

a) JEAN (-20 Jun 1390). Vicomte de Fézenzaguet et de Brulhois. The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "…Johannem d’Armaniaco vicecomitem Fesensaguelli, Brulhesii et Creyselli et dominum baroniæ Rocafolio, filium consanguinei nostri germani…"[354]. Jean d’Arpajon granted “la terre et baronie de Castro novo Raterii...que lui et sa femme possédoient dans la senechaussée de Cahors” to Jean d’Armagnac Vicomte de Fezensaguet in exchange for “des baronies de Rocafolio et du vicomté de Creyssel...dans les senechaussées de Rodez et de Beaucaire” by charter dated 27 Sep 1358, ratified 1 Oct 1358 by “Helene de Castelnau sa femme”[355]. Père Anselme records his testament dated 2 Jun 1389[356]. m MARGUERITE de Carmaing, daughter of ARNAUD d’Euse Vicomte de Carmaing & his wife Marguerite de l’Isle-Jourdain. A judgment of parliament dated 7 May 1412 decided that one third of revenues from assets "demeurés vacants", after the deaths of “Jean d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensac et de Marguerite de Carmaing sa femme, de Gérard d’Armagnac comte de Perdriac, et d’Arnauld Guillem d’Armagnac” and “détenus indûment” by “Bernard soi-disant comte d’Armagnac”, should be enjoyed as a provision by “Jeanne et Mathilde d’Armagnac filles desdits Jean et Marguerite”[357]. Jean & his wife had children:

i) GERAUD (-Rodelle en Rouergue [1403]). Vicomte de Fézenzaguet. Comte de Pardiac, inherited from his wife’s family. A judgment of parliament dated 7 May 1412 decided that one third of revenues from assets "demeurés vacants", after the deaths of “Jean d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensac et de Marguerite de Carmaing sa femme, de Gérard d’Armagnac comte de Perdriac, et d’Arnauld Guillem d’Armagnac” and “détenus indûment” by “Bernard soi-disant comte d’Armagnac”, should be enjoyed as a provision by “Jeanne et Mathilde d’Armagnac filles desdits Jean et Marguerite”[358]. Père Anselme records that cousin Bernard [VII] Comte d’Armagnac, annoyed by the marriage of Géraud’s son Jean to his brother’s widow, persecuted him at Montlezun and Brussens, where he captured Géraud who was imprisoned “au château de Lavardenx en Gascogne” and later “à Rodelle au comté de Rouergue” where he was held “dans une cisterne au pain et à l’eau” and where he died “au bout de 10 ou 12 jours environ l’an 1403”[359]. The dispute originated because the plan for Comte Bernard [VII] to marry his brother’s widow, Marguerite de Comminges, (originally agreed by letter dated 15 Feb 1391 (O.S.) from “Guiraud d’Armagnac...comte de Pardiac”[360]) was rejected by Géraud who arranged her marriage with his own son Jean. The dispute developed, with an attempted criminal prosecution of “le conte de Pardiac” in the parlement of Paris in Dec 1395[361]. m (contract 19 Jan 1380) ANNE de Montlezun, daughter of ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac & his [second wife Leonor de Peralta]. "Geralda de Montelugduno domina terræ feodi Marchonis, Mabilla de Labrito olim comitissa comitatus…Pardiaci et nobilis Bernardus Athonis de Montelugduno", executors of "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelugduno…comes Pardiaci", granted Marciac et Beaumarchez to "dominum Geraldum de Armaniaco…comitem Pardiaci et dominum baroniarum Viranesii et Ordanesii et dominam Annam de Montelugduno…comitissam Pardiaci et dominarum baroniarum prædictarum" by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.)[362]. Géraud & his wife had [two] children:

(a) JEAN (-Brusson en Rouergue [1403]). Pope Clement VII granted dispensation for the marriage of “Johanni de Armaniaco...filii...Geraldi comitis Pardiaci”, and “neptem aut alteram natarum...filiorum nobilium virorum Johannes de Staraco, aut Johannis Urgellensis comitum, seu Archambaldi de Grayli captalis de Bug”, dated 25 Oct 1392[363]. Père Anselme records the discord between his wife and Jean, who returned to his father and request help from Bernard [VII] Comte d’Armagnac, who turned against him “s’étant joint à la comtesse de Cominges”[364]. Reconcilation was attempted in Sep/Oct 1400 with a draft agreement between “Johan d’Armagnac comte de Comenge” and “Madona la comtesse de Comenge”[365], but was evidently unsuccessful. Père Anselme records that he shared the fate of his father but was imprisoned “au château...de Brusson en Rouergue”, where he was blinded and died “environ l’an 1403”[366]. m (contract 8 Oct 1392) as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Comminges, widow of JEAN [III] Comte d’Armagnac, daughter of PIERRE RAYMOND [II] de Comminges & his wife Jeanne de Comminges (1363-1443). A charter dated 8 Oct 1392 records the procuration from "domina Margaritta relicta…domini Joannis quondam comitis Armaniaci…Convenarum comitssa" to negotiate her marriage to "Joanne de Armaniaco filio…domini Geraldi de Armaniaco comitis Pardiaci…et…dominæ Annæ de Montelugduno eius consortis"[367]. Père Anselme records the discord between Marguerite and her second husband, who returned to his father and request help from Bernard [VII] Comte d’Armagnac, who turned against him “s’étant joint à la comtesse de Cominges”[368]. Reconcilation was attempted in Sep/Oct 1400 with a draft agreement between “Johan d’Armagnac comte de Comenge” and “Madona la comtesse de Comenge”[369], but was evidently unsuccessful. She married thirdly (Papal dispensation 5 May 1419, contract 15 Jul 1419) as his first wife, Mathieu de Foix.

(b) ARNAUD GUILHEM d’Armagnac (-Rodelle en Rouergue [1403]). A judgment of parliament dated 7 May 1412 decided that one third of revenues from assets "demeurés vacants", after the deaths of “Jean d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensac et de Marguerite de Carmaing sa femme, de Gérard d’Armagnac comte de Perdriac, et d’Arnauld Guillem d’Armagnac” and “détenus indûment” by “Bernard soi-disant comte d’Armagnac”, should be enjoyed as a provision by “Jeanne et Mathilde d’Armagnac filles desdits Jean et Marguerite”[370]. The extract does not specify the relationship between Arnaud Guilhem and the other specified deceased members of the family, but the document makes best sense if he was another son of Géraud. Père Anselme records that he shared the fate of his father but that, on arriving “à Rodelle au comté de Rouergue”, he refused his captors’ order to dismount his horse and “tomba mort à leurs pieds environ l’an 1403”[371].

ii) JEANNE d’Armagnac (-Sessat after 30 Sep 1418). A judgment of parliament dated 7 May 1412 decided that one third of revenues from assets "demeurés vacants", after the deaths of “Jean d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensac et de Marguerite de Carmaing sa femme, de Gérard d’Armagnac comte de Perdriac, et d’Arnauld Guillem d’Armagnac” and “détenus indûment” by “Bernard soi-disant comte d’Armagnac”, should be enjoyed as a provision by “Jeanne et Mathilde d’Armagnac filles desdits Jean et Marguerite”[372]. Père Anselme records her death and her testament dated 30 Sep 1418 which appointed “Hugues de Carmaing seigneur de Lautrec” as her heir[373]. m JEAN de Lévis Seigneur de Mirepoix, son of ROGER BERNARD [I] de Lévis Seigneur de Mirepoix & his wife Héloise de Lévis Dame de la Garde et de Montsegut (-before 1397).

iii) MATHILDE d’Armagnac (-after 7 Dec 1420). A judgment of parliament dated 7 May 1412 decided that one third of revenues from assets "demeurés vacants", after the deaths of “Jean d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensac et de Marguerite de Carmaing sa femme, de Gérard d’Armagnac comte de Perdriac, et d’Arnauld Guillem d’Armagnac” and “détenus indûment” by “Bernard soi-disant comte d’Armagnac”, should be enjoyed as a provision by “Jeanne et Mathilde d’Armagnac filles desdits Jean et Marguerite”[374]. Père Anselme records her testament dated 7 Dec 1420 under which she appointed “Hugues de Carmaing seigneur de Lautrec” as her heir[375].

b) MATHE . m CENTULE [IV] Comte d’Astarac, son of AMANIEU Comte d’Astarac & his wife Cécile de Comminges.

2. BERNARD d’Armagnac . Seigneur de la Barthe.

3. ROGER d’Armagnac . Seigneur de Lavardens. m ESCLARMONDE de Pardaillan, daughter of BERNARD de Pardaillan & his wife Ciboye de Mauvesin vicomtesse de Juillac.

- PARDAILLAN, SEIGNEURS de LAVARDENS, VICOMTES de JUILLAC[376].

4. MASCAROSE . The marriage contract between "madame Masquerose fille du visconte de Fezensaguet et Brulles" and "Gitard fils de messire Amanieu sire d’Albret" is dated 21 May 1321[377]. m (contract 21 May 1321) as his first wife, GUITARD d’Albret Seigneur de Verteuil, son of AMANIEU [VII] Seigneur d’Albret & his wife Rose de Bourg (after [1297/98]-after 1338, maybe after 1350).

Gaston & his second wife had one child:

5. MATHE d’Armagnac ([1317/19]-). Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage but does not cite the source on which this information is based[378]. She is named in the 21 Jan 1358 (O.S.?) testament of her husband who founded her anniversary[379]. m as his second wife, RAYMOND ROGER [I] de Comminges Vicomte de Couserans, son of ROGER [IV] de Comminges Vicomte de Couserans & his wife --- (-after 3 Feb 1376).

E. SEIGNEURS (COMTES) de l’ISLE-JOURDAIN

L’Isle Jourdain is a town located due west of the city of Toulouse in the part of eastern Gascony which fell under the suzerainty of the comtes de Toulouse, along with the vicomté of Gimois, the part of the vicomté of Fezensaguet which lay on the right bank of the river Arrats, le pays de Verdun, and the châtellenies de Muret et de Samatan[380]. The seigneurie de l’Isle-Jourdain was elevated to a county in the 1340s by Philippe VI King of France.

1. ODON RAYMOND (-after 1060). Seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain {Gers}. "Raimundus Ato" donated "ecclesia…in territorio Tholosano in termino de Bocona, in villa…Luciano" to the abbey of Lézat by charter dated Aug 1048, signed by "Raimundo Atone et filiis suis, Arnaldo comite et filio suo Rogerio, Bernardo episcopo fratre suo, Bernardo Ottone comite, Amelio Raimundi…"[381]. A charter of the abbey of Mas-Grenier dated 1060 is subscribed by "Atto-Raymundus de Yla, Willelmus, Willem-Bernard de Yla…"[382]. m ([1030/50]) EMMA de Toulouse, daughter of GUILLAUME III Comte de Toulouse & his wife --- ([1010/30]-). The Vita Sancti Bertrandi names "Ato Raymundus…oriundus e castello Ictio…castrum…Insula" and "filia…Vileumi comitis Tholosæ…cognomine…Scindens-ferrum" as the parents of "Bertrandus"[383]. A later passage in the same source adds that "Bertrandus" was "domni Vileumi [Bernardi]…archiepiscopi Auxitanæ sedis nepotis" and that "mater…germana…Vileumi Bernardi archiepiscopi Auxitani"[384]. This appears to contradict the earlier passage and it is assumed that it is meant to refer to Bertrand’s paternal rather than maternal family. The Histoire Générale de Languedoc suggests that this daughter was born either from Comte Guillaume’s first or second marriage[385]. However, her son Bertrand was installed as bishop of Comminges in [1073] and died in 1123. This is unlikely to place his birth much earlier than [1140/50]. If that is correct, his mother would have been born in [1010/30]. This would be much later than Comte Guillaume’s other known children by his second marriage. If she was indeed Comte Guillaume’s daughter, it seems more likely that she was illegitimate. She is named "Emme de Toulouse" by Père Anselme[386]. According to the Histoire Générale de Languedoc, this is the only supposed reference to her name, which is in fact not known[387]. According to another volume in the same series, she was named "Gervaise" and the daughter of "Raimond-Taillefer comte de Toulouse" (no primary source reference cited)[388]. It is not known to whom "Raimond-Taillefer comte de Toulouse" may refer, but it would be chronologically impossible for Odon Raymond’s wife to have been the daughter of Raymond IV Comte de Toulouse. Odon Raymond & his wife had two children:

a) JOURDAIN [I] (-1132). Seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain. m --- de Muret, daughter of GEOFFROY Seigneur de Muret & his wife ---. Catel remarks that Jordain Seigneur de l’Isle, son of Odon Raymond and his wife, married "la fille de Geoffroy Seigneur de Muret, ainsi que je trouve remarqué par le Sieur de Beloy dans l’un de ses plaidoyez"[389]. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been traced.

b) BERTRAND (-16 Oct 1123). The Vita Sancti Bertrandi names "Ato Raymundus…oriundus e castello Ictio…castrum…Insula" and "filia…Vileumi comitis Tholosæ…cognomine…Scindens-ferrum" as the parents of "Bertrandus"[390]. Archdeacon of Toulouse Saint-Etienne. Bishop of Comminges [1073]. The Histoire Générale de Languedoc includes a brief biography[391].

2. BERNARD [I] (-after 1132).

3. JOURDAIN [II] (-after 1161). “Jordanus de Insula” donated property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 1152[392]. “Jordanus de Insula, filius eius Jordanus et Guillelmus de Montepessulano monachus Grandis-silvæ” witnessed a donation of property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 10 Oct 1161[393]. m ESCARONNE de Terrides {near Labourgade, Tarn-et-Garonne}, daughter of GAUTHIER Seigneur de Terrides & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Jourdain [I] & his wife had one child:

a) JOURDAIN [III] (-[Sep 1200/1204]). “Jordanus de Insula, filius eius Jordanus et Guillelmus de Montepessulano monachus Grandis-silvæ” witnessed a donation of property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 10 Oct 1161[394]. "Jordanus de cha Isla et Bernardus de Astafort" are named as fiduciaries in a charter dated 1179 which records the donation of property by "Willelmo Raimundo de Goz" to Gimont[395]. “Jordanus de Insula filius Squarroniæ” confirmed donations of property by “Jordano de Insula patre suo et Squarronia matre sua“ to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 17 Oct 1189[396]. "Bernardus comes de Cominge, filius sororis comitis Tolosæ" and "Jordano domino de Isla, et Jordanus de Isla cum eo" agreed peace by charter dated Jan 1191[397]. "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "uxori meae Esclarmondae" and "filiae meae Escaroniae et viro suo Raterio…filiae meae Obicae et viro suo Pelfort…tres filios meos…Bernardum Jordanum…Jordanum…et Otonem Bernardi" and "filiam meam Philippam" over whom he appointed Bernard Jourdain as guardian, and bequeathed "castrum de Verfeuil...castrum de Valeta...castrum de Tilio et...castrum de Cambiaco et...Bris et...Launaco" to his son Jourdain, and "castrum Delgrez...castrum de Pelaport" to his son Othon[398]. He inherited part of the vicomté de Gimois from his mother. He was already dead 13 Apr 1205, when his sons Bernard Jourdain and Jourdain signed an agreement with the consuls of Toulouse[399]. m ESCLARMONDE de Foix, daughter of ROGER BERNARD [I] "el Gordo" Comte de Foix & his wife Cécile de Béziers ([1160/70]-after 1215). "Rogerius Bernardi...comes Fuxi" names "bonæ memorie dominus Raymundus Rogerii pater noster...etiam comes Fuxi" in a charter dated 15 Mar 1199, witnessed by "...Esclarmunda soror comitis Fuxensis..."[400]. "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "uxori meae Esclarmondae"[401]. "Esclarmunda soror...comitis Fuxi Ra. Rogerii" donated property to "sanctæ Mariæ de Bolbona" by charter dated 1201[402]. She was known as "la Grande Esclarmonde", a famous Catharist "parfaite", as shown by the charter dated 21 Apr 1244 in which "Berengarius d'Avelanet" charged with inquiring into heresies swore that "apud Fanojovis {Fanjaux, Aude} ...Esclarmunda, soror Raimundi Rogerii comitis Fuxensis, avi istius comitis Fuxensis uxor Jordani de Insula" had welcomed heretics[403]. Jourdain [II] & his wife had six children :

i) ESCARONNE . "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "filiae meae Escaroniae et viro suo Raterio…"[404]. m (before Sep 1200) RATHER, son of ---.

ii) OBICA . "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "…filiae meae Obicae et viro suo Pelfort…"[405]. She was a Catharist, as were her own daughters: "Peregrina uxor quondam Willelmi Gasc, que fuit domicella uxoris Comitis Tholose sororis Regis Aragonum" swore that she had welcomed heretics "apud Rabastenx"[406]. m PELFORT de Rabastens, son of ---.

iii) BERNARD JOURDAIN (-1227 or after). "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "…tres filios meos…Bernardum Jordanum…Jordanum…et Otonem Bernardi"[407].

- see below.

iv) JOURDAIN (-after 13 Apr 1204). "Bernardus comes de Cominge, filius sororis comitis Tolosæ" and "Jordano domino de Isla, et Jordanus de Isla cum eo" agreed peace by charter dated Jan 1191[408]. "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "…tres filios meos…Bernardum Jordanum…Jordanum…et Otonem Bernardi", and bequeathed "castrum de Verfeuil...castrum de Valeta...castrum de Tilio et...castrum de Cambiaco et...Bris et...Launaco" to his son Jourdain[409]. "Bernardus Jordanus et Jordanus de Ynsula frater eius filii Jordani de Ynsula" agreed peace with the consuls of Toulouse by charter dated 13 Apr 1204[410].

v) OTHON (-before 14 May 1258). "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "…tres filios meos…Bernardum Jordanum…Jordanum…et Otonem Bernardi" and bequeathed "castrum Delgrez...castrum de Pelaport" to his son Othon[411]. A charter dated 14 May 1258 records that "dominus Oto de Tarrida frater quondam domini Bernardi Jordani de Insula" appointed "Raimundum Jordanum filium suum" as his heir and, in default, "domino Insule Jordani"[412]. A charter dated 22 Apr 1259 records disputes between "dominum Jordanum dominum Insule" and "dominum Isarnum Jordani...ac dominum Bernardum de Astafort" about the inheritance of "quondam Raimundi Jordani eorum consanguinei et quondam Othonis de Tarrida ipsorum avunculi"[413]. m HELIE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the testament of her son "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "..domine Helys matri sue..."[414]. Othon & his wife had children:

(a) RAYMOND JOURDAIN (-[15 Aug 1256/22 Apr 1259], bur Grandselve). The testament of "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, chooses burial at Grandselve, bequeathes property to "fratribus suis Garsie et Bernardo...Bertrando suo filio...domine Helys matri sue...sue uxori domine Guillelme...Odoni de Terrida suo nepoti, filio domine Alpays sororis sue et Bernardi de Astafort mariti sui...filiabus dicte domine Alpays et Bernardi de Astafort"[415]. A charter dated 22 Apr 1259 records disputes between "dominum Jordanum dominum Insule" and "dominum Isarnum Jordani...ac dominum Bernardum de Astafort" about the inheritance of "quondam Raimundi Jordani eorum consanguinei et quondam Othonis de Tarrida ipsorum avunculi"[416]. m GUILLELME, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the testament of her husband "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "...sue uxori domine Guillelme..."[417]. Raymond Jourdain & his wife had one child:

(1) BERTRAND (-[15 Aug 1256/22 Apr 1259]). His parentage is confirmed by the testament of his father "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "...Bertrando suo filio..."[418]. It is assumed that Bertrand predeceased his father as he is not named in the various documents relating to the disputes about his father’s succession.

(b) GARCIA (-[15 Aug 1256/22 Apr 1259]). His parentage is confirmed by the testament of his brother "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "fratribus suis Garsie et Bernardo..."[419]. It is assumed that Garcia and Bernard predeceased their brother as they are not named in the various documents relating to the disputes about their brother’s succession.

(c) BERNARD (-[15 Aug 1256/22 Apr 1259]). His parentage is confirmed by the testament of his brother "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "fratribus suis Garsie et Bernardo..."[420]. It is assumed that Garcia and Bernard predeceased their brother as they are not named in the various documents relating to the disputes about their brother’s succession.

(d) ALPAIS . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the testament of her brother "Raimundus Jordanus de Insula, filius quondam Odonis de Terrida", dated 15 Aug 1256, which bequeathes property to "..Odoni de Terrida suo nepoti, filio domine Alpays sororis sue et Bernardi de Astafort mariti sui...filiabus dicte domine Alpays et Bernardi de Astafort"[421]. A charter dated 22 Apr 1259 records disputes between "dominum Jordanum dominum Insule" and "dominum Isarnum Jordani...ac dominum Bernardum de Astafort" about the inheritance of "quondam Raimundi Jordani eorum consanguinei et quondam Othonis de Tarrida ipsorum avunculi"[422]. m BERNARD d’Astafort, son of ---.

vi) PHILIPPA . "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "filiam meam Philippam" over whom he appointed Bernard Jourdain as guardian[423].

4. BERNARD de l’Isle (-after 1162). m AGNES de Boet, daughter of ---. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1162 under which "Azemario de Boed et Agnete sorore eius et Bernardo de cha Isla marito eius" donated property "citra…et ultra Gemonam" [Gimone] to Gimont[424].

5. PIERRE de l’Isle (-after 1181). "Petrus de Insula" granted rights in the parish of "Sancti Petri de cha Mazera" to Gimont by charter dated 1162[425]. “Petrus de Insula” donated property “in territorio de Vetula-aqua“ and territory acquired by "sorore mea Sibilia" to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated Feb 1162[426]. “Petrus de Insula” donated property “in honore de Mauranvilla“ to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 27 Jun 1174[427]. "Petro de cha Isla et Bosone fratre eius" donated property to Gimont by charter dated 1176[428]. "Petro de cha Isla et Viverna et Bosone nepotibus eius" donated rights "in territorio de Cabiran et d’Avenzac" to Gimont by charter dated 1181[429]. m ---. The name of Pierre’s wife is not known. Pierre & his wife had one child:

a) GERAUD (-after 13 Aug 1187). “Geraldus de Insula filius Petri de Insula” donated property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 13 Aug 1187[430].

6. BOSON (-after 1176). "Petro de cha Isla et Bosone fratre eius" donated property to Gimont by charter dated 1176[431].

7. --- . m ---. Two children:

a) VIVERN . "Petro de cha Isla et Viverna et Bosone nepotibus eius" donated rights "in territorio de Cabiran et d’Avenzac" to Gimont by charter dated 1181[432].

b) BOSON . "Petro de cha Isla et Viverna et Bosone nepotibus eius" donated rights "in territorio de Cabiran et d’Avenzac" to Gimont by charter dated 1181[433].

8. SIBYLLE . “Petrus de Insula” donated property “in territorio de Vetula-aqua“ and territory acquired by "sorore mea Sibilia" to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated Feb 1162[434].

9. OTHON (-after 1171). “Odo de Insula et India uxor” donated property, for the soul of “Arnaldi Gausberti“, to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 1171[435]. “Odo de Insula” donated property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 26 Sep 1179[436]. m INDIA, daughter of --- (-after 1171). “Odo de Insula et India uxor” donated property, for the soul of “Arnaldi Gausberti“, to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 1171[437].

10. RAYMOND de l’Isle (-after 1169). "Yspano de Maurencs et Raimundo de cha Isla et Gualdris uxore eius et Arnaldo Willelmo filio illorum" confirmed the donations made by "Odo de Maurencs" to Gimont by charter dated 10 Aug 1161[438]. "Raimundo de cha Isla et Galdriz uxor eius…et Vitali de Julas" donated half of "decimarum…ecclesie de Julas" to Gimont by charter dated 1167[439]. "Raimundus [de cha Isla]…na Galdriz uxor eius" donated property to Gimont by charter dated 1169, the dating clause of which names "Bernardo comite de Armagnac" (presumably indicating the suzerain of the territory)[440]. m GALDRIZ, daughter of --- [de Juilles] & his wife --- (-after 1169). "Yspano de Maurencs et Raimundo de cha Isla et Gualdris uxore eius et Arnaldo Willelmo filio illorum" confirmed the donations made by "Odo de Maurencs" to Gimont by charter dated 10 Aug 1161[441]. "Raimundus [de cha Isla]…na Galdriz uxor eius" donated property to Gimont by charter dated 1169[442]. "Raimundo de cha Isla et Galdriz uxor eius…et Vitali de Julas" donated half of "decimarum…ecclesie de Julas" to Gimont by charter dated 1167[443]. This donation, together with the name of the couple’s son, suggests that Galdriz was related to Vital de Julas. Raymond & his wife had two children:

a) ARNAUD GUILLAUME (-after 10 Aug 1161). "Yspano de Maurencs et Raimundo de cha Isla et Gualdris uxore eius et Arnaldo Willelmo filio illorum" confirmed the donations made by "Odo de Maurencs" to Gimont by charter dated 10 Aug 1161[444].

b) VITAL (-after 7 Mar 1188). “Vitalis de Insula filius Raimundi de Insula” donated property to the abbey of Grandselve by charter dated 7 Mar 1188[445].

11. daughter . Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1195 under which her sons "Giraldo de Sancto-Geraldo et Raimundo de cha Isla fratre eius" confirmed the donations to Gimont by "Raimundo de cha Isla eorum avunculo"[446]. m DODON de Semedias . Dodon & his wife had three children:

a) GERAUD de Saint-Giraud (-after 1195). "Giraldo de Sent-Guiralt et Raimundo de cha Isla fratre eius" confirmed the donations to Gimont by "Dodo de Semedias pater eorum" by charter dated 1185[447]. "Na Trona et Giraldo de cha Isla et Raimundo fratribus eius, et Arnaldo Willelmo qui vocatur Escobo, pred. Tronæ marito" donated their rights in "ecclesia de cha Mazera" to Gimont by charter dated 1188[448]. "Giraldo de Sancto-Geraldo et Raimundo de cha Isla fratre eius" confirmed the donations to Gimont by "Raimundo de cha Isla eorum avunculo" by charter dated 1195[449].

b) RAYMOND de l’Isle (-after 1195). "Giraldo de Sent-Guiralt et Raimundo de cha Isla fratre eius" confirmed the donations to Gimont by "Dodo de Semedias pater eorum" by charter dated 1185[450]. "Na Trona et Giraldo de cha Isla et Raimundo fratribus eius, et Arnaldo Willelmo qui vocatur Escobo, pred. Tronæ marito" donated their rights in "ecclesia de cha Mazera" to Gimont by charter dated 1188[451]. "Giraldo de Sancto-Geraldo et Raimundo de cha Isla fratre eius" confirmed the donations to Gimont by "Raimundo de cha Isla eorum avunculo" by charter dated 1195[452].

c) TRONE de l’Isle (-after 1188). "Na Trona et Giraldo de cha Isla et Raimundo fratribus eius, et Arnaldo Willelmo qui vocatur Escobo, pred. Tronæ marito" donated their rights in "ecclesia de cha Mazera" to Gimont by charter dated 1188[453]. m ARNAUD GUILLAUME Escobo, son of --- (-after 1188).

12. RAYMOND (-after Jan 1230). A charter dated Jan 1230 records the grant of property by "Raymundus de Insula" to "Bernardo Jordano, filio D. Bernardi de Insula"[454].

13. PIERRE (-after 6 May 1224). "...Petrus de Insula..." witnessed the contract of marriage between "Bernardum Convenarum, filius D. Bernardi Convenarum comitis" and "Sezeliæ...sorori D. Rogeri Bernardi comitis Fuxi" dated 6 May 1224[455].

BERNARD JOURDAIN [I] de l’Isle-Jourdain, son of JOURDAIN [III] Seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain & his wife Esclarmonde de Foix (-after 2 Mar 1229, bur Abbaye de Grandselve). "Jordanus de Insula" swore his testament on his deathbed Sep 1200 in which he named "…tres filios meos…Bernardum Jordanum…Jordanum…et Otonem Bernardi"[456]. "Bernardus Jordanus et Jordanus de Ynsula frater eius filii Jordani de Ynsula" agreed peace with the consuls of Toulouse by charter dated 13 Apr 1204[457]. "...Bernardo Jordani de Insula..." witnessed the charter dated 8 Jun 1216 under which "Girardus comes Fezenciaci et Armeniaci" swore homage to "domino Symone comite Montisfortis" for the counties of Fezensac and Armagnac and the vicomté of Fezensaguet[458]. The testament of "Bernardus Jordanus, filius Jordani de Insula" is dated 2 Mar 1229, on his deathbed, in the presence of "uxoris meæ D. Endiæ", elects burial at "domui Grandis-silvæ", bequeathes "villam Insulæ, et Merenvillam et Castellare" to "meo filio Bernardo Jordano", "Monte-acutem et Legamium et...in Gimoes et ultra flumen Garonæ de parte Tolosana" to "filio meo Jordano" and refers to the unborn child of his wife[459]. A manuscript chronicle records the testament dated 1227 of "Bernardus Jordani de Insula miles" which appointed "Jordanum filium suum" as his heir[460].

m (11 Feb 1207 or before) as her second husband, INDIA de Toulouse, widow of GUILABERT de Lautrec, illegitimate daughter of RAYMOND V Comte de Toulouse & his mistress --- (-after 2 Mar 1228). The marriage contract of "Petrus Ermengavus de Lautrico…Guilabertum filium meum" and "Indiæ sorori…D. comitis Tolosæ" by charter dated 1203 in the presence of "eiusdem D. Raymundi comitis"[461]. A charter dated 11 Feb 1207 confirms the marriage of "D. N. Bernardus Jordanus de Insula" and "India", witnessed by "Bernardus comes Convenarum…Jordanus frater Bernardi Jordani"[462]. The co-identity with the widow of Guilabert is confirmed by a charter dated Jan 1211 which notes that "D. India soror D. comitis Tolosæ" reached agreement with "Ugoni Ermengavo filio Petri Ermengavi de Lautreg" about her dowry, naming "Guilaberto suo marito", with the agreement of "Bernardi Jordani de Insula sui mariti"[463]. A charter dated 1209 notes that "D. Raymundus…dux Narbonæ, comes Tolosæ" absolved "Aymerico de Castro-novo et D. Castellanæ filiæ eius, et Ugoni Ermengavo marito ipsius D. Castellanæ" from payment of the dowry for "dominam Indiam sororem eius, quondam uxorem Guilaberti, filii Petri Eremengavi de Lautrico"[464].

Bernard Jourdain & his wife had [four] children:

1. BERNARD JOURDAIN [II] (-1240). The testament of "Bernardus Jordanus, filius Jordani de Insula" is dated 2 Mar 1229, on his deathbed, and bequeathed "villam Insulæ, et Merenvillam et Castellare" to "meo filio Bernardo Jordano"[465]. A charter dated Jan 1230 records the grant of property by "Raymundus de Insula" to "Bernardo Jordano, filio D. Bernardi de Insula"[466]. A manuscript chronicle records the testament dated 1240 of "Bernardus Jordani de Insula miles" which appointed "Jordanum filium suum" as his heir[467]. m (contract Jun 1221, 1225) MASCAROSE de Maristain, daughter of BERNARD de Maristain & his wife Alasaicia ---. The contract for the marriage of "unam de filiabus...Mascarosam" of "Bernardus de Marestagno et D. Alasaicia uxor eius" and "Bernardo-Jordano filio...D. Bernardi de Insula", when she reached marital age, is dated Jun 1221[468]. Père Anselme names her “Anglesie de Marestang” (same father’s name) (no source cited)[469]. A manuscript chronicle records the marriage in 1225 of "Jordanus filius Jordani de Insula" and "N. filiam Bernardi de Maristagno", adding that the dowry was "Insulam, Launiacum, etc"[470]. Bernard Jourdain [II] & his wife had two children:

a) JOURDAIN [IV] ([1226/40?]-after 15 May 1271). A manuscript chronicle records the testament dated 1240 of "Bernardus Jordani de Insula miles" which appointed "Jordanum filium suum" as his heir[471]. Père Anselme records Jourdain [IV] as the brother, not son, of Bernard Jourdain [II], indicating that he succeeded “à son frère en cette baronie en vertu du testament de son ayeul” (no source citations), but he appears to be conflating Jourdain [IV] with his paternal uncle Jourdain (see below)[472]. Père Anselme records documents dated 4 Dec 1241, Jan 1244, Sep 1249, Dec 1250, 1251, 1266 and 15 May 1271 which name “Jourdain [IV]” (no source citations) but, given his conflation of Jourdain [IV] with the latter’s paternal uncle, it is unclear which documents relate to which person[473]. A charter dated 22 Apr 1259 records disputes between "dominum Jordanum dominum Insule" and "dominum Isarnum Jordani...ac dominum Bernardum de Astafort" about the inheritance of "quondam Raimundi Jordani eorum consanguinei et quondam Othonis de Tarrida ipsorum avunculi"[474]. The primary source which confirms his date of death has not been identified. m ([after 1262]) as her second husband, VACQUERIE Adémar, widow of PIERRE Vicomte de Lautrec, daughter of LAMBERT Adémar de Monteil Seigneur de Lombers & his wife Bérengère de Lautrec (-after 2 Oct 1271). Europäische Stammtafeln records her parentage and two marriages[475]. A charter dated 24 May 1258 records an agreement between "dominum Philippum de Monteforti juniorem" and “dominum Petrum vicecomitem Lautricensem...eius uxor domina Vacqueria” relating to “castro de Affiaco”, naming “Isarnus et Bertrandus fratres eiusdem”[476]. A charter dated 2 Oct 1271 records disputes between "dominam Vacqueriam uxorem...domini Jordani de Insula" and "dominos Bertrandum et Amalricum fratres, vicecomites Lautricenses" about the dowry of the former for her marriage to "dominum Petrum quondam vicecomitem Lautricensem, virum suum quondam dicte domine Vacquerie" whose heirs were the latter brothers[477]. A judgment dated Aug 1332 records a claim by “Jean de Montfort, chevalier, et ses sœurs Aliénor, comtesse de Vendôme, et Laure, alors femme de Bernard fils du comte de Comminges” against “Hugues Adémar, chevalier, Briand son frère, Vaquerie leur sœur et son mari Jourdain de l’Isle, chevalier”, under which “les châteaux, villes et bastides de Lombers...” were awarded to the claimants [or, presumably, their successors], while “ceux d’entre ces lieux qui sont occupés par les filles de Jourdain de l’Isle” were awarded “pour les cinq sixièmes, à la comtesse de Vendôme, héritière de son frère...”[478]. Jourdain [IV] & his wife had [four] children (In addition to these children, Père Anselme records “Faydide, Dame de Casaubon, fille et héritière d’Odon, seigneur de Casaubon” as the first wife of Jourdain [IV] and names Jourdain [V] and India as their children. The sources indicate that Faydide was the wife of Jourdain’s paternal uncle (also named Jourdain, shown below) and that Jourdain [V] and India were among their children. Anselme also shows Marguerite, first wife of Guy de Comminges, as Jourdain [IV]’s daughter by his supposed first wife[479]: it is suggested that Guy’s first wife was the daughter of Hugues Adémar Seigneur de Lombers (see the document PROVENCE-VALENTINOIS & DIOIS).):

i) [BERTRAND de l’Isle-Jourdain (-[1308/11?]). Père Anselme records his parentage, citing documents dated 2 May 1296, 3 Jul 1299, early Jan 1300, Jul 1300, 1301, late-Oct 1304, Feb 1306, and 1308 in which he was named (no source citations)[480]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. Seigneur de Mauvesin, de Montignac, de Corbonne, de Saint-Paul, de Pibrac, d’Ausun, et de Lombers. Sénéchal de Gascogne. Sénéchal de Beaucaire et de Nîmes.]

ii) JEANNE de l'Isle-Jourdain ([1263/70]-[1320/42], maybe [Aug 1332/42]). Père Anselme records that Vicomte Amalric [II] married “Jeanne de l’Isle-Jourdain, fille de Jourdain IV…et de Vacquerie de Monteil-Adhemar sa seconde femme” (no source citations)[481]. In another passage, he says that Jeanne “plaidoit [en 1320] conjointement avec ses sœurs contre Guy de Cominges” and that “elle étoit morte en 1342”, noting in addition, as shown below, that “le cardinal Colonne”, son of Jeanne’s sister Gaucerande, pursued the lawsuit against Guy de Comminges in 1342 (no source citations)[482]. Although no source has been found which confirms Anselme’s information, the detail he provides suggests that it is accurate. The chronology suggests her birth in [1263/70], particularly because her daughter Gausserande gave birth soon after her first marriage in 1303, and bearing in mind her parents’ marriage date. She may have been one of the daughters of Jourdain [IV] against whom judgment dated Aug 1332 awarded “les châteaux, villes et bastides de Lombers...ceux d’entre ces lieux qui sont occupés par les filles de Jourdain de l’Isle” to “pour les cinq sixièmes, à la comtesse de Vendôme, héritière de son frère...” (see above)[483]. A charter dated 1366 records a previous agreement between "Arnaldum dominum de Rocafolio militem", now represented by "Arnaldus eius filius", and "Emericum vicecomitem Narbonensem militem" concerning the succession of "Almaurici et Ioannis dudum liberorum Ioannis de Narbonna militis", stating that "Amauricus quondam vicecomes Narbonensis et Ioanna eius uxor avus et avia dicti Ioannis" had seven children[484]. m AMALRIC [II] Vicomte de Narbonne, son of AIMERY [IV] Vicomte de Narbonne & his wife Sibylle de Foix (-[1 Feb/29 Jun] 1328, bur Narbonne Dominicans).

iii) JAMBURGE de l’Isle-Jourdain (-[Sep 1333/1342]). Père Anselme records her parentage (naming her “Thiburge”) and two marriages, noting that she was the widow of her first husband 25 Apr 1320, pleaded against Bertrand de la Motte 8 Apr 1323 and with her sisters against Guy de Comminges, obtained the king’s protection for her foundation in her castle of Launac Sep 1333, and bequeathed Pibrac to “Bernard seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain son neveu” in her testament (no date specified) (no source citations)[485]. Her first marriage is confirmed by a manuscript chronicle which records the marriage in 1309 of "Bernardus filius Bernardi comitis Astarici" and "D. Augustam filiam Galterii de Fossato militis D. de Bramebac, et D. Jamburgæ de Insula", adding that her dowry was "D. marchas argenti"[486]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. She was presumably one of the daughters of Jourdain [IV] against whom judgment dated Aug 1332 awarded “les châteaux, villes et bastides de Lombers...ceux d’entre ces lieux qui sont occupés par les filles de Jourdain de l’Isle” to “pour les cinq sixièmes, à la comtesse de Vendôme, héritière de son frère...” (see above)[487]. She presumably died before 1342 when her nephew, son of her younger sister, took over the family’s lawsuit against Guy de Comminges (see below). m firstly GAUTHIER du Fossat Seigneur de Bramevaque, de Caprais, et de Barrousse, son of --- (-before 25 Apr 1320). m secondly (13 Jun 1323) as his second wife, BERNARD [IV] Comte d’Astarac, son of CENTULE [III] Comte d’Astarac & his wife Assalide d’Albret (-after 1326). Gauthier & his wife had one child:

(a) AUGUSTA de Fossat . A manuscript chronicle records the marriage in 1309 of "Bernardus filius Bernardi comitis Astarici" and "D. Augustam filiam Galterii de Fossato militis D. de Bramebac, et D. Jamburgæ de Insula", adding that her dowry was "D. marchas argenti"[488]. m (1309) BERNARD d’Astarac, son of BERNARD Comte d’Astarac & his first wife ---.

iv) GAUCERANDE de l’Isle-Jourdain (-[1320/42], maybe [Aug 1333/1342]). Père Anselme records her parentage, marriage, and marriage date, noting that “elle étoit morte en 1342, que le cardinal Colonne son fils reprit le procès qu’elle avoit contre Guy de Comminges” (no source citations)[489]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. The Colonna family has not been studied for Medieval Lands. She may have been one of the daughters of Jourdain [IV] against whom judgment dated Aug 1332 awarded “les châteaux, villes et bastides de Lombers...ceux d’entre ces lieux qui sont occupés par les filles de Jourdain de l’Isle” to “pour les cinq sixièmes, à la comtesse de Vendôme, héritière de son frère...” (see above)[490]. m (1286) STEFANO Colonna, son of ---.

b) ALPAIS (-after 5 Nov 1265). A charter dated 20 Oct 1265 records disputes between "dominam Alpays quondam filiam domini Bernardi Jordani de Insula et dominum Arnaldum de Monteacuto" and [her uncle?] "Jordanum de Insula"[491]. A charter dated 5 Nov 1265 records disputes between "dominam Alpays filiam quondam...domini Jordani de Insula" and "dominum Jordanum de Insula patruum suum"[492]. m ARNAUD de Montaigu, son of ---.

2. JOURDAIN (-after 20 Jun 1285). The testament of "Bernardus Jordanus, filius Jordani de Insula" is dated 2 Mar 1229, on his deathbed, and bequeathed "Monte-acutem et Legamium et...in Gimoes et ultra flumen Garonæ de parte Tolosana" to "filio meo Jordano"[493]. Père Anselme records documents dated 4 Dec 1241, Jan 1244, Sep 1249, Dec 1250, 1251, 1266 and 15 May 1271 which name “Jourdain [IV]” (no source citations) but, given his conflation of Jourdain [IV] with the latter’s paternal uncle, it is unclear which documents relate to which person[494]. A charter dated 20 Oct 1265 records disputes between "dominam Alpays quondam filiam domini Bernardi Jordani de Insula et dominum Arnaldum de Monteacuto" and [her uncle?] "Jordanum de Insula"[495]. A charter dated 5 Nov 1265 records disputes between "dominam Alpays filiam quondam...domini Jordani de Insula" and "dominum Jordanum de Insula patruum suum"[496]. "Jordanus de Insula Jordani" appointed "domini Bertrandi de Insula, prepositi ecclesie Tolosane, domini pape capellani, fratris sui" as his attorney before leaving for Apulia, by charter dated 29 Jan 1267[497]. “Bertr. vic de Lautrec” and “Jourdain de Lisle chevalier le jeune fils de Jourd. de Lisle seigneur de Lisle chevalier” exchanged property acquired from “Arnaldo de Monteacuto milite et domina Agnes eius conjuge filia condam Sycardi Alemanni militis” by charter dated 20 Jun 1285[498]. m FAYDIDE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by a charter dated 15 Jun 1271 which records the receipt by "domina India filia...domini Jordani, domini Insule", with the consent of "domini Bertrandi de Calvomonte...viri sui", of her dowry from "dominus Jordanus de Insula pater eius...et domine Fayside matris dicte India"[499]. Jourdain & his wife had [three children] (Père Anselme records “Faydide, Dame de Casaubon, fille et héritière d’Odon, seigneur de Casaubon” as the first wife of Jourdain [IV], although as noted above he conflates Jourdain [IV] with his paternal uncle and shows Jourdain [V] and India as that supposed couple’s children[500]. The primary sources which confirm that Anselme is incorrect have not been identified, although the 20 Oct 1265, 5 Nov 1265, and 20 Jun 1285 documents cited above indicate the separate existence of Jourdain [IV]’s uncle, the last document suggesting that he survived and succeeded his nephew.):

a) [JOURDAIN [V] (-[1299/1304]). “Bertr. vic de Lautrec” and “Jourdain de Lisle chevalier le jeune fils de Jourd. de Lisle seigneur de Lisle chevalier” exchanged property acquired from “Arnaldo de Monteacuto milite et domina Agnes eius conjuge filia condam Sycardi Alemanni militis” by charter dated 20 Jun 1285[501]. Seigneur [Comte] de l’Isle-Jourdain.]

- see below.

b) [ARNAUD (-after 1297). A manuscript chronicle records that "Arnaldus de Insula, frater Jordani comitis" was appointed "senescallus comitatus de Insula" in 1293, adding that his brother invested him with "terram sanctæ Liberatæ" in 1297[502].]

c) [INDIA . A charter dated 15 Jun 1271 records the receipt by "domina India filia...domini Jordani, domini Insule", with the consent of "domini Bertrandi de Calvomonte...viri sui", of her dowry from "dominus Jordanus de Insula pater eius...et domine Fayside matris dicte India"[503]. m (before 15 Jun 1271) BERTRAND Seigneur de Caumont, son of --- (-before 1314).]

3. BERTRAND (-31 Jan 1285, bur Toulouse Saint-Etienne). "Jordanus de Insula Jordani" appointed "domini Bertrandi de Insula, prepositi ecclesie Tolosane, domini pape capellani, fratris sui" as his attorney before leaving for Apulia, by charter dated 29 Jan 1267[504]. The testament of Jeanne Ctss de Toulouse, dated 23 Jun 1270, was witnessed by "...Bertrandus de Insula prepositus ecclesie Tholosane..."[505]. Bishop of Toulouse 1270. A list of Bishops of Toulouse compiled by Bernard Guidonis records that "Bertrandus de Insula, præpositus ecclesiæ Tolosanæ" was named bishop in 1270 "in vigilia sancti Thomæ apostoli", died 31 Jan 1285 "in Balmario loco" and was buried "in ecclesia cathedrali Sancti Stephani Tholosæ"[506].

4. [child (after 2 Mar 1229-). The testament of "Bernardus Jordanus, filius Jordani de Insula" is dated 2 Mar 1229, on his deathbed, and refers to the unborn child of his wife[507]. Presumably this child could have been Bertrand who is named above.]

JOURDAIN [V] de l’Isle-Jourdain, son of [JOURDAIN de l’Isle-Jourdain & his wife Faydide ---] (-[1299/1304]). “Bertr. vic de Lautrec” and “Jourdain de Lisle chevalier le jeune fils de Jourd. de Lisle seigneur de Lisle chevalier” exchanged property acquired from “Arnaldo de Monteacuto milite et domina Agnes eius conjuge filia condam Sycardi Alemanni militis” by charter dated 20 Jun 1285[508]. Seigneur [Comte] de l’Isle-Jourdain.

m (after 16 Dec 1270) GUILLEMETTE de Durfort, daughter of BERNARD de Durfort & his wife Condors de Turenne[509] (-1304). A charter dated 16 Dec 1270 records the arbitration between “Ratier de Duroforti damoiseau” and “demoiselle Guillemette de Duraforti fille de feu Bernard de Duroforti” concerning the succession of “feu...seigneur Bernard de Duroforti père dudit Ratier et ayeul paternel de ladite Guillemette...et...du seigneur Raimond-Bernard de Duroforti et Guillaume-Esclebial frères dudit Ratier et oncles paternels de ladite Guillemette et...de feu Bernard de Duroforti fils dudit feu seigneur Bernard”, in the presence of “Guillemette mère dudit Ratier et ayeile de ladite Guillemette”, before the celebration of Guillemette’s marriage to “Jourdain de l’Isle, fils de...Jourdain seigneurs de l’Isle”[510]. Père Anselme says that Guillemette was “dame de Clermont-sous-Biran” and shared “Donzenac” with “Ratier de Durfort son oncle”, while she and her husband acquired “les terres de Clermont-sous-Biran, de Biscaires”[511]. A manuscript chronicle records that "Guillelma de Duroforti relicta D. Jordani comitis Insulæ" appointed "Bernardum-Jordani filium suum" as her heir on her deathbed in 1304[512].

Jourdain [V] & his wife had four children:

1. BERNARD JOURDAIN [III] (-1340). A manuscript chronicle records that "Jordanus de Insula" granted "vice-comitatum Gimontis" to "Bernardo-Jordani filio suo" in 1299[513]. Vicomte de Gimont.

- see below.

2. FAYDITE . A manuscript chronicle records the marriage in 1300 of "D. Ermengaudus comes Orgelii" and "D. Fayditam filiam D. Jordani comitis Insulæ et D. Guillelmæ de Duroforti", adding that her dowry was "V.M.D. regalium Tolosanorum"[514]. m as his second wife, ARMENGOL X Conde de Urgel, son of ÁLVARO II Conde de Urgel [Cabrera] & his second wife Cécile de Foix (1260-Jul 1314).

3. JOURDAIN (-1323). Seigneur de Cazaubon. The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that "Jordanus dictus de Insula inter Vascones nobilis valde genere" was accused of crimes before the king’s court in 1323, adding that he had married the niece of Pope John XXII[515]. The Continuation of the Chronicle of Jean de Saint-Victor records that "Jourdain de Lisle" married "la nièce du pape Jehan"[516]. The alleged relationship between Jourdain’s wife and Pope John XXII has not been traced. According to the NNDB, Pope John was born "Jacques Duèse" in Cahors in 1249 "either of a family of petty nobility or...well-to-do middle-class parents, and was not, as has been popularly supposed, the son of a shoemaker"[517]. King Edward II granted “castra de Casaubone, de Montegalhardo et de Duplo...quam tenebat...quondam Jordanus de Insula germanus suus” to “Bernardi Jordani domini de Insula militis familiaris nostri” by charter dated 12 Oct 1323[518]. m (1299) as her first husband, CATHERINE de Grailly, daughter of [PIERRE [I] de Grailly & his [first wife Talese de Bouville] (before 20 Jul 1333). A manuscript chronicle records the marriage in 1299 of "Jordanus de Insula" and "Catharinam filiam D. Joannis de Grailliaco militis" who appointed her as his heir[519]. If Catherine’s parentage is correct as stated in this source, she must have been considerably younger than her supposed brother Pierre [I], which would suggest that she was born from a different marriage. However, another source provides an alternative parentage for Catherine: a charter dated 20 Jul 1333 records that "messire P. de Grelly" requested the part of "Catherine sa sœur sur Saincte Bazeilhe et Landaron" from the seneschal d’Agenois[520]. This, read together with Catherine’s testament, in which she leaves this property to "messire P. de Grelly et Jehan son fils" (see below) indicates that she must have been the daughter of Pierre [I] de Grailly. Dame de Saint Bazeille: "Messire Jourdain de Lisle" donated "Saincte Bazeilhe et Landaron" to "dame Catherine de Grelly sa femme" by charter dated 7 Nov 1312[521]. She married secondly (1326) as his second wife, Arnaud de Durfort Seigneur de Bajamont. Edward II King of England wrote to “Arnaldi de Duro Forti militis” regarding his marriage to “Katerinam dominam de Sancta Basilica quondam uxorem Jordani de Insula” by charter dated 25 Feb 1326[522]. The testament of "Catherine de Grelly", published 20 Jul 1333, appoints "messire P. de Grelly et Jehan son fils" as her heirs in "Saincte Bazeilhe et Landaron"[523].

4. BERTRAND (-before 1 Sep 1307). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. m as her first husband, ASSALIDE de Bordeaux, dame de Puy-Paulin, Captalesse de Buch, daughter of --- (-1328). She married secondly (1 Sep 1307) as his first wife, Pierre [II] de Grailly. She was heiress of her brother Pierre [VI] de Bordeaux (who was the first husband of Jeanne de Périgord, probable daughter of Hélie [IX] Comte de Périgord). Testified 2 Apr 1328[524].

BERNARD JOURDAIN [III] de l’Isle-Jourdain, son of JOURDAIN [V] Seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain & his wife Guillelme de Durfort (-21 Oct 1340). A manuscript chronicle records that "Jordanus de Insula" granted "vice-comitatum Gimontis" to "Bernardo-Jordani filio suo" in 1299[525]. King Edward II granted “castra de Casaubone, de Montegalhardo et de Duplo...quam tenebat...quondam Jordanus de Insula germanus suus” to “Bernardi Jordani domini de Insula militis familiaris nostri” by charter dated 12 Oct 1323[526]. Vicomte de Gimont.

m firstly (contract Mont de Marsan 29 Nov 1291) MARGUERITE de Foix, daughter of ROGER BERNARD [III] Comte de Foix & his wife Marguerite de Béarn (-[29 Dec 1317/1324]). Père Anselme records her parentage, marriage, and marriage contract date (no source citations)[527]. The primary sources which confirm the information have not been identified. A document dated 29 Dec 1317 records payments made to “domine Margarite, domine de Insula, recipienti per manum domini prioris de Montefalcone et de mandato domini P. de Via ex parte domini nostri”[528]. No primary source has been found which confirms her date of death.

m secondly (Lérida 26 Nov 1324) BERENGUELA de Montcada, daughter of --- (-[May 1337/1339]). Père Anselme records her family oriign, marriage, marriage date and place, recording that her husband granted her the income from the lands in Catalonia which she brought to the marriage “qui ne suffisoit pas pour son entretien ni soutenir sa condition” as well as from certain lands in Gascony, confirmed by the French king May 1337 (no source citations)[529]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified.

m thirdly ([Dec 1339]) SEDILLE de Durfort, daughter of ARNAUD de Durfort & his wife --- (-after 1379). Père Anselme records her parentage, marriage, and approximate marriage date. He records that she sued her husband’s children for her dower, the children claiming that she brought nothing to the marriage as her father’s and brother’s lands were confiscated for supporting the English, the hearings continuing in 1352 and 1362, and that she sold “les châteaux de Castera et de Pardera, assis en la sénéchaussée de Toulouse” to the king in 1379 (no source citations)[530].

Bernard Jourdain [III] & his first wife had five children:

1. BERTRAND [I] (-[26 Jun 1348/4 Feb 1349]). He was invested as Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain by Philippe VI King of France. m (1328) ISABELLE de Lévis Dame de Sessac, daughter of EUSTACHE de Lévis Seigneur de Florensac et de Saissac & his wife Beatrix de Thury-Saissac[531] (-after Dec 1362, bur Azihan). Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, noting that, when dangerously ill, she donated her part of succession rights from her father to her mother 1 Sep 1328, with the consent of her husband, confirmed the same year by the king, and cites other documents dated May 1345, Jul 1360, and Dec 1362 in which she was named (no source citations)[532]. Bertrand [I] & his wife had one child:

a) JEAN JOURDAIN [I] (-[1362/65]). He succeeded his father as Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain. “Dominus Iohannes comes Insulæ...filius et heres quondam domini Bernardi comitis Insulæ” certified that “Guillelmus Rogerii de Belloforti filius emancipatus...domini Guillermi Rogerii comitis Bellifortis et vicecomitis Motæ” agreed to buy “vicecomitatum Turenæ” from “domina Cecilia de Convenis comitissa Urgelli et vicecomitissa Ageris et Turenæ heredeque...domini Bernardi bonæ memoriæ comitis Convenarum et vicecomitis Turenæ patris sui defuncti”, naming her sisters Jeanne and Eléonore, by charter dated 25 Feb 1350 (O.S.?)[533]. The testament of “domina Matha de Insula comitissa Convenarum”, dated 1352, bequeathed property inherited from “bonæ memoriæ viri Bertrandi Iordani domini Insulæ patris quondam ipsius dominæ testatricis” to “domino Ioanni comiti Insulæ nepoti suo”[534]. Père Anselme records other documents dated 1362 in which he was named and notes that he “étoit mort en 1365” (no source citations)[535]. m (contract 8 Jul 1350) JEANNE d’Albret, daughter of BERNARD EZI Seigneur d’Albret & his second wife Mathe d’Armagnac (-1359 or before). The marriage contract between “Jne fille de Bernard Ery d’Albret” and “Jn Cte de Lisle” is dated 8 Jul 1350[536]. Jean Jourdain [I] & his wife had two children:

i) BERNARD EZI de l’Isle-Jourdain (-young). Père Anselme records his parentage “mort jeune” (no sources cited)[537].

ii) BERTRAND [II] de l’Isle-Jourdain (-after 29 Jun 1369). He succeeded his father as Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain. Père Anselme records documents dated Aug 1365 and 1 Mar 1368 in which he was named, as well his testament dated 29 Jun 1369 in which he named any posthumous child as his heir, failing which his uncle Jean Jourdain [II] (no source citations)[538]. m as her first husband, ELEONORE de Comminges, daughter of PIERRE RAYMOND [II] Comte de Comminges & his wife Jeanne de Comminges ([1350/51]-after 1378). The testament of “domina Matha de Insula comitissa Convenarum”, dated 1352, bequeathed property to “...dominam filiam suam Iohannam de Convenis comitissam Convenarum...filiabus Alienordi et Ceciliæ de Convenis et cæteris liberis ipsius dominæ Iohannæ comitissæ prædictæ...”[539]. The testament of "Petrus Raymundi…comes Convenarum", dated Oct 1375, confirmed the dowry of "dominæ Elienardi de Convenis filiæ suæ uxori domini Johannis de Bolonha" from her marriage to "Bertrando comite Insulæ eius primo marito"[540]. She married secondly (contract Compiègne 11 Aug 1373) Jean [II] d’Auvergne, who succeeded his father in 1386 as Duke of Auvergne, Comte de Boulogne.

2. GASTON de l’Isle-Jourdain . Père Anselme records his parentage “mort sans alliance” (no source cited)[541].

3. JEAN JOURDAIN [II] (-1375). Seigneur de Clermont Sousbiran. He succeeded his great nephew [after 1369] as Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain. Père Anselme records documents dated 14 Sep 1350, 4 Nov 1351, 21 Mar 1352, 22 Jun 1352, 24/26 Oct 1352, 1 Dec 1352, 22 Mar 1355, between Aug 1356 and 17 Jul 1360, 1362/63, 8 Jun 1369, Oct 1371, and 1373 in which he was named, noting that “il étoit mort en 1375” (no source citations)[542]. m INDIE de Durfort, daughter of BERNARD de Durfort Seigneur de Flamarens et de Clermont-Dessus & his wife Régine de Goth[543] (-after 1365). Her parentage is indicated by a decision dated 1365 which recognised her as heir of her brother Jean and authorised her to claim rights to the vicomtés of Lomagne and Auvillars[544]. Père Anselme says that she was widow of “Roger de Comminges” (no source cited)[545]: this person has not been identified in the Comminges family (see the document TOULOUSE - COMMINGES, FOIX). Jean Jourdain [II] & his wife had two children:

a) JEAN JOURDAIN [III] ([1350/60]-after Feb 1411). A charter dated 1375, recording his sale “du lieu de Mauros” as heir of “Indie de Durfort sa mère”, stated that he was less than 25 years old but more than 14 at the time[546]. He succeeded his father as Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain. A manuscript chronicle records that "D. Joannes Jordani de Insula" swore allegiance for "villis suis de Launaco, de Gallabranno etc" to the French king in 1389[547]. “Jourdain comte de l’Isle, vicomte de Gimoez, seigneur de Flamarens” swore homage to the comte d’Armagnac for “la baronie de Flamarens, les terre de Clusel, de Caumont, de Mauros” Aug 1392[548]. He sold the county of Isle-Jourdain in 1405, with the consent of his nephew Hugues de Carmain, to Jean de Bourbon Comte de Clermont[549]. Père Anselme records that he was still living in Feb 1411 when he received payments for army service in Languedoc, but that “il mourut peu après” (no source cited)[550]. m firstly (separated 1384) as her second husband, CECILE d’Astarac, widow of RAYMOND BERNARD de Durfort, daughter of CENTULE [IV] Comte d’Astarac & his wife Mathe d’Armagnac-Fezensaguet (-after 20 Jul 1392). Père Anselme records her parentage and two marriages, noting that she sued her second husband in 1389 “pour la restitution de sa dot, s’étant séparée de lui de son consentement depuis cinq ans, à cause de ses mauvais déportements et concubinages”, and was awarded payments by order dated 20 Jul 1392 (no source citations)[551]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not been identified. m secondly (Papal dispensation 12 Nov 1396) ISABELLE de Lévis, daughter of GASTON [II] de Lévis Seigneur de Léran & his wife Jeanne de Rochefort[552]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. m thirdly MARGUERITE de Terrides, daughter of --- (-after Feb 1411). Père Anselme says that by testament (undated) “Marguerite de Terrides comtesse de l’Isle-Jourdain” bequeathed “les terres de Clermont-sous-Biran, de Biscaires” to “Jeanne de Levis, femme du seigneur de Crussol”[553]. Jean Jourdain [III] & his first wife had one child:

i) son (-in prison). Père Anselme records his parentage, noting that he was captured “en guerre par Gaston comte de Foix, et mourut misérablement en prison” (no sources cited)[554].

b) JEANNE de l’Isle-Jourdain . Bourdès records her parentage, marriage, and marriage contract, without citing the primary sources which confirm the information[555]. Père Anselme does not name her[556]. m (contract 14 Feb 1363 (O.S.?)) as his first wife, ROGER ROGER de Comminges Vicomte de Bruniquel, son of RAYMOND ROGER [I] de Comminges Vicomte de Couserans & his third wife Leonor de Pallars (-[21 Nov 1401/23 Mar 1402]).

4. MATHE de l'Isle-Jourdain (-after 1352, bur Monastery Sainte-Cécile). The testament of “Bernhardus...comes Convenarum, vicecomeque Turenæ”, dated 26 Mar 1335, provided dower for “domina Matha de Insula coniux et consors eiusdem domini testatoris” who was appointed “gubernantem et administraticem omnium bonorum suorum”, and requested “uxore sua...domina Matha et domina Beatrix filiæ suæ ultimæ natæ” to enter religion[557]. “Domina Matha de Insula comitissa Convenarum, vicecomitisa Turenæ gubernatrix et administratrix eiusdem vicecomitatus Turenæ”, on behalf of “domina Cecilia filia sua...Urgelli et Convenarum comitissa, vicecomitissaque Turenæ”, under the powers granted under the testament of “bonæ memoriæ viri domini Bernardi quondam comitis Convenarum, vicecomitisque Turenæ”, executed obligations including towards “dominæ Ioanne de Eugo dominæ de Piquiniaco olim vicecomitissæ Turenæ”, by charter dated 5 Sep 1345[558]. The testament of “domina Matha de Insula comitissa Convenarum”, dated 1352, chose burial in “monasterium...S. Claræ” built by “virum suum quondam dominum Bernardum bonæ memoriæ comitem Convenarum” where “domicellæ Margaritæ de Convenis filiæ suæ quondam et...Ioannis comitis quondam Convenarum sui filii” were buried, bequeathed property to “dominæ Ceciliæ de Convenis comitissæ Urgelli filiæ suæ...Petro comiti Urgelli filio dictæ dominæ Ceciliæ et sic nepoti ipsius dominæ testatricis et cæteris liberis ipsius dominæ Ceciliæ...dominæ Alienordi de Convenis vicecomitissæ Turenæ filiæ suæ...filiabus Ioannæ et Alienordi et cæteris liberis ipsius dominæ Alienordis vicecomitissæ predictæ...dominam filiam suam Iohannam de Convenis comitissam Convenarum...filiabus Alienordi et Ceciliæ de Convenis et cæteris liberis ipsius dominæ Iohannæ comitissæ prædictæ...”, and bequeathed property inherited from “bonæ memoriæ viri Bertrandi Iordani domini Insulæ patris quondam ipsius dominæ testatricis” to “domino Ioanni comiti Insulæ nepoti suo”[559]. m as his third wife, BERNARD [VIII] Comte de Comminges, son of BERNARD [VII] Comte de Comminges & his wife Laure de Montfort (-after 26 Mar 1336).

5. MARGUERITE de l’Isle-Jourdain . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage (no source cited)[560]. m ARNAUD d’Euse Vicomte de Carmain, nephew of Pope John XXII, son of ---.

Bernard Jourdain [III] & his third wife had one child:

6. INDIE de l’Isle-Jourdain (posthumously [Oct 1340/early 1341]-[10 May 1398/28 Dec 1408]). Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, recording her claim against her nephew Jean Jourdain [I] in 1358 and 1361 for payment of her bequest under her father’s testament, her claim 10 May 1398 against “Pierre de Bretefort, sergent d’armes”,·and the 21 Dec 1408 acknowledgement after her death by her husband and son of having received payments under an agreement between her mother and Jean Jourdain [I] (no sources citations)[561]. The last reference is to the following document: "Jean de Mortemer seigneur de Couhé et Jean de Mortemer son fils" acknowledged receipt of funds from Louis Duc de Bourbon by charter dated 28 Dec 1408[562]. m (before 1369) JEAN de Mortemer Seigneur de Couhé, son of GEOFFREY de Mortimer & his wife [Jeanne de Lezay] (-after 28 Dec 1408).

1. BERTRAND de l’Isle-Jourdain (-before May 1401). m ROSE d’Albret, daughter of BERARD [I] d’Albret Seigneur de Vertheuil & his wife Guiraude de Gironde (-after May 1401). An arrêt of the parliament of Paris dated May 1401 records that "Jehan Jourdain de Lisle visconte de Lisle" was ordered to pay compensation to "dame Roze d’Albret" in respect of a third part of the succession of "feu Loys de Lisle, fils de la ditte Rouse"[563]. Bertrand & his wife had one child:

a) LOUIS de l’Isle-Jourdain (-before May 1401). An arrêt of the parliament of Paris dated May 1401 records that "Jehan Jourdain de Lisle visconte de Lisle" was ordered to pay compensation to "dame Roze d’Albret" in respect of a third part of the succession of "feu Loys de Lisle, fils de la ditte Rouse"[564].

F. VICOMTES de MAUVEZIN

Mauvezin is located in the east of the present-day French département of Gers, in the eastern part of the medieval county of Armagnac on the border with the vicomté of Lomagne. A single reference to a vicomté of Mauvezin has been found dated 1169, as shown below. As the vicomté was located in the same territorial area as the later vicomté of Fézenzaguet (see above), one possibility is that the vicomté of Mauvezin devolved to the comtes d’Armagnac soon after the 1169 charter.

Two brothers, parents not known:

1. GUILLAUME RAYMOND (-after 1169). Vicomte de Mauvezin. "Willelmus Raimundus vicecomes de Malvezin et Petrus Raimundus frater eius" confirmed donations made to Gimont by charter dated 1169[565].

2. PIERRE RAYMOND (-after 1169). "Willelmus Raimundus vicecomes de Malvezin et Petrus Raimundus frater eius" confirmed donations made to Gimont by charter dated 1169[566].

Chapter 2. COMTES d'ASTARAC

A. COMTES d’ASTARAC [920]-[1209]

The county of Astarac was created in [920] by Garcia Sancho Duke of Gascony in the northern inland area of Gascony, adjoining the county of Toulouse, as an appanage for his younger son Arnaud. The county of Astarac lay south of the counties of Armagnac and Fezensac, west of the county of Comminges and east of the county of Bigorre. In the present day, the area straddles the French départements of Gers and Hautes-Pyrenées. The male line of the comtes d’Astarac died out in the late 12th century. The county eventually passed to Comte Centule whose parentage is not known with certainty but who was probably a descendant through the female line of Bohémond Comte d’Astarac who died in [1176]. The descendants of Centule, shown in Part B. of this chapter, survived in the direct male line until the early 16th century when the county passed by marriage to the family of the comtes de Foix. The county of Astarac appears never to have achieved the prominence of its more successful neighbour the county of Armagnac. This is reflected in the marriages of the comital family, which were mainly with the families of the lesser Gascon nobility.

ARNAUD Garcia, son of GARCIA [I] "le Tors/el Curvo" Sánchez Comte de Gascogne & his wife --- (-[960]). The Codex de Roda names "Sanzio Garsias et Arnaldo Garsies ac Gilelmo Garsies, ac domna Andregoto, seu domna Acibella, seu et ---" as the children of "Garsea Sanzoz" and his unnamed wife[567]. The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Sancium-Garsiam et Willelmum-Garsiam et Arnaldum-Garsiam" as the three sons of "Garsiam-Sancium Corvum", specifying that they divided Gascony between them, Arnaud Garcia receiving "Astaracum"[568]. The cartulary of Auch records that "Garsiam Sancium Curvum" had three sons "Sancium Garsiam et Guillelmum Garsiam et Arnaldum Garsiam", specifying that Sancho succeeded in Gascony, Guillaume in Fezensac, and Arnaud in Astarac[569]. "Garsias Sanctii consul filius regis Sancii" granted "Astaracensem pagum" to "Arnaldo filio meo" by charter dated to [920], signed by "Garciæ Sancii Consulis, Sancii Wilhelmi comitis filii, Salii Vivari, Sancii Amanevi, Gumbaudi, Eneci fratris eius"[570]. Comte d'Astarac. The Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis names "Arnaldus…cognomento…Natus" as son of "comitissa…coniux…Garsiæ Principis cognomento Curvi" who restored the convent of Condom and that he received "comitatum Astariacensem"[571].

m ---. The name of Arnaud's wife is not known.

Arnaud & his wife had [five] children:

1. GUILLAUME (-[955/60]). A charter dated to [955] records that "Faquilleno et Arremundo Dato et Guillelmo Horgulo et Garcia Horgulo et Arnaldo Horgulo" donated four churches in the diocese of Comminges to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, for their own souls and those of "suo patrem Arnaldo comito et Sancio comito et Gilelmo comito"[572].

2. GARCIA Arnaud (-before 975). The Codex de Roda names "Garsie Arnaldi et Leudebico, vel domna Girisenda" as the children of "Arnaldo Garsies" and his unnamed wife[573]. The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Garsias-Arnaldi" as son of "Arnaldum-Garsiam"[574]. A charter dated to [955] records that "Faquilleno et Arremundo Dato et Guillelmo Horgulo et Garcia Horgulo et Arnaldo Horgulo" donated four churches in the diocese of Comminges to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, for their own souls and those of "suo patrem Arnaldo comito et Sancio comito et Gilelmo comito"[575]. Comte d'Astarac. "Garsi Arnaldi comitis" signed a charter dated 27 Apr [970] which records a donation to the abbey of Pessan[576]. ["Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" donated property to Sainte-Marie de Simorre, for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo", by charter dated to [995], signed by "Arnaldo comite, Donato Dati, Erricho Dati, Guillelmo Garsia, Leudovico, Lipomano…"[577]. As noted below, it is possible that "Fachisanæ" was the sister of Garcia Arnaud Comte d’Astarac who, if this is correct, would presumably have been "Garsi Arnaldi comitis" and his son "Arnaldo comite" named in this document.] m ---. The name of Garcia's wife is not known. Garcia & his wife had one child:

a) ARNAUD (-[1022/23]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Arnaldus" as son of "Garsias-Arnaldi"[578]. Comte d'Astarac.

- see below.

3. LOUIS (-before [955]). The Codex de Roda names "Garsie Arnaldi et Leudebico, vel domna Girisenda" as the children of "Arnaldo Garsies" and his unnamed wife[579]. If Louis was the son of Comte Arnaud Garcia, he must have died before [955] as he is not named with his other brothers in the charter of his sister.

4. ARNAUD (-after Mar 975). A charter dated to [955] records that "Faquilleno et Arremundo Dato et Guillelmo Horgulo et Garcia Horgulo et Arnaldo Horgulo" donated four churches in the diocese of Comminges to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, for their own souls and those of "suo patrem Arnaldo comito et Sancio comito et Gilelmo comito"[580]. A charter dated Mar 975 names "Arnaldo de Aura, Estaracensi comite" in the dating clause[581]. Jaurgain concludes that Arnaud governed Astarac for his nephew Arnaud and that Aure passed to his sister, or her children, when he died[582].

5. GERSENDE [Faquilo] (-30 Aug [after 955]). The Codex de Roda names "Garsie Arnaldi et Leudebico, vel domna Girisenda" as the children of "Arnaldo Garsies" and his unnamed wife, stating that Gersende married "Regismundi de Bigorra"[583]. On the other hand, a charter dated to [955] records that "Faquilleno et Arremundo Dato et Guillelmo Horgulo et Garcia Horgulo et Arnaldo Horgulo" donated four churches in the diocese of Comminges to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, for their own souls and those of "suo patrem Arnaldo comito et Sancio comito et Gilelmo comito", adding that she died "III Kal Sep"[584]. It is not known whether Gersende and Faquilo were the same person, assuming a mistake in the Codex de Roda, or whether Raymond Dat Comte de Bigorre married two sisters in turn. [According to Jaurgain, Faquilena married secondly Vicomte Auriol Dat (who he claims was the brother of her first husband)[585]. He cites no primary source on which this hypothesis is based except the charter of Sainte-Marie de Simorre, dated to [995], which records the donations by "Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo"[586]. According to Jaurgain, Faquilo’s second husband was Auriol Dat, brother of her first husband[587]. If "Fachisana" was the sister of Garcia Arnaud Comte d’Astarac, it is likely that he is identified as "Garsi Arnaldi comitis" named in this document. However, it is possible that Faquilena who married Auriol Dat was a different person from Faquilena who married Comte Raymond, although if this is correct the unusual name suggests that they were related.] m [firstly] RAYMOND Comte de Bigorre, son of --- & his wife Lupa Sanchez (-[956]). [m secondly AURIOL Dat, son of DATO & his wife --- (-after 977).]

ARNAUD, son of GARCIA Arnaud Comte d’Astarac & his wife --- (-[1022/23]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Arnaldus" as son of "Garsias-Arnaldi"[588]. Comte d'Astarac. "Emerico comitis, Arnaldo comitis…" signed a charter dated Nov 1020 which records a donation to the abbey of Pessan[589]. "Arnaldus comes Astariacensis" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pé by charter dated to [1022], later signed by "Raimundus filius eius"[590].

m ATALESE [Tarasie], daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1023 under which her son "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[591], and by the charter dated to [1025] under which her son "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon[592].

Arnaud & his wife had two children:

1. GUILLAUME [I] (-after [1060]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum et Bernardum-Pelagos" as the two sons of "Arnaldus", stating that Guillaume received "Astaracum" while Bernard received "Pardiniacum"[593]. Comte d'Astarac. "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan "accepto ab Ottone, diacono, germano meo" to the abbey of Simorre by charter dated 1023, subscribed by "Aymericus comes Fezensiacus…Garsi Arnaldus comes Bigorritanus, Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes, Bernard Arsi vicarius Garsia"[594]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][595]. "Guilelmus Astaracensis comes" submitted the abbey of Sainte-Dode to the monastery of Simorre, earlier founded by "abbate Ottone tum diaconis" with the consent of "genitoris meis Arnaldi comitis et genetricis meæ Tarasiæ et germanorum meorum Bernardi et Raimundi", by charter dated 1034[596]. "Wilhelmi comitis Astaracensis" signed a charter dated to [1060] relating to the monastery of Pessan[597]. m ---. The name of Guillaume's wife is not known. A charter dated to [1034] records that "Guilelmus filius Arnaldi, comes Astariacensis" married "consanguineam suam" without dispensation but that the marriage was recognised as valid in return for penances, the document naming "Bernardus frater eius, Raimundus frater eius, Garcia frater eius, Agganricus et cognatus eius…"[598]. Presumably "Agganricus…cognatus eius", whose name has not been found in any other document, was related to Guillaume’s unnamed wife. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

a) SANCHO [I] (-after [1099]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Sancium" as the son of "Guillaume"[599]. Comte d'Astarac.

- see below.

2. ODON (-after 1034). "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan "accepto ab Ottone, diacono, germano meo" to the abbey of Simorre by charter dated 1023[600]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][601]. Abbot of Simorre: "Guilelmus Astaracensis comes" submitted the abbey of Sainte-Dode to the monastery of Simorre, earlier founded by "abbate Ottone tum diaconis" with the consent of "genitoris meis Arnaldi comitis et genetricis meæ Tarasiæ et germanorum meorum Bernardi et Raimundi", by charter dated 1034[602].

3. BERNARD "Pelagus" (-after [1034]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum et Bernardum-Pelagos" as the two sons of "Arnaldus", stating that Guillaume received "Astaracum" while Bernard received "Pardiniacum"[603]. Comte de Pardiac. "…Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1023 under which "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[604]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][605].

- COMTES de PARDIAC.

4. RAYMOND Arnaud (-[after 1037]). "Arnaldus comes Astariacensis" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pé by charter dated to [1022], later signed by "Raimundus filius eius"[606]. "…Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1023 under which "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[607]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][608]. A charter dated to [1034] records that "Guilelmus filius Arnaldi, comes Astariacensis" married "consanguineam suam" without dispensation but that the marriage was recognised as valid in return for penances, the document naming "Bernardus frater eius, Raimundus frater eius, Garcia frater eius, Agganricus et cognatus eius…"[609]. [Vicomte de Pessan. "Remundi Arnaldi vicecomitis eiusdem civitatis" signed a charter dated 1037 which recognised that the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde belonged to the abbey of Pessan[610].]

5. GARCIA (-after [1034]). "…Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1023 under which "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[611]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][612]. A charter dated to [1034] records that "Guilelmus filius Arnaldi, comes Astariacensis" married "consanguineam suam" without dispensation but that the marriage was recognised as valid in return for penances, the document naming "Bernardus frater eius, Raimundus frater eius, Garcia frater eius, Agganricus et cognatus eius…"[613].

6. GERAUD (-[1025/34]). "…Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1023 under which "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[614]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][615]. He probably died before [1034] as he is not named with his other lay brothers in the charter of that date which relates to the marriage of his brother Comte Guillaume (see above).

SANCHO [I] d’Astarac, son of GUILLAUME Comte d’Astarac & his wife --- (-after [1099]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Sancium" as the son of "Guillaume"[616]. Comte d'Astarac. "Dominus Sancius…Guillelmi comitis filius, comes regionis illius" confirmed the donation of the monastery of Sainte-Dode (whose monks had rebelled) to the abbey of Simorre by charter dated 13 Aug 1075[617]. "Sanctio comes et uxor eius necnon et filii eius Vilelmus atque A." restored the monastery of Saramon to the abbot of Sorèze, by charter dated to [1075][618]. A charter dated to [1110/15] records that "Sancius Astariacensis comes…et filius eius Bernardus" donated "honore…Fonsorbas" to the Holy Sepulchre and the Hospital of Jerusalem, the later confirmation of this donation, and the subsequent donation by "Arnaldus Astariacensis" and others[619]. The original donation is undated, but must presumably have taken place after the capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade, assuming that the document is not spurious.

m --- (-after [1075]). The name of Sancho's wife is not known. "Sanctio comes et uxor eius necnon et filii eius Vilelmus atque A." restored the monastery of Saramon to the abbot of Sorèze, by charter dated to [1075][620].

Sancho & his wife had three children:

1. GUILLAUME [II] (-before 1124). "Sanctio comes et uxor eius necnon et filii eius Vilelmus atque A." restored the monastery of Saramon to the abbot of Sorèze, by charter dated to [1075][621]. Comte d’Astarac.

2. ARNAUD (-before 1124). "Sanctio comes et uxor eius necnon et filii eius Vilelmus atque A." restored the monastery of Saramon to the abbot of Sorèze, by charter dated to [1075][622].

3. BERNARD [I] (-1142). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Bernardum" as the son of "Sancius"[623]. A charter dated to [1110/15] records that "Sancius Astariacensis comes…et filius eius Bernardus" donated "honore…Fonsorbas" to the Holy Sepulchre and the Hospital of Jerusalem, the later confirmation of this donation, and the subsequent donation by "Arnaldus Astariacensis" and others[624]. The original donation is undated, but must presumably have taken place after the capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade, assuming that the document is not spurious. Comte d'Astarac. "Bernardus comes…Oddo d’Astarac" are named in a charter dated to [1130] which records a donation to the abbey of Simorre[625]. "Bernardus comes Astaracensis et Sancius dictus eius filius" donated the church of Berdoues to the abbot of Morimont by charter dated 1134[626]. "Bernardus comes cum filiis suis S. et B." cooperated in the reconstruction of the town of Simorre which had been destroyed by fire, recorded in a charter dated May 1141[627]. "Bernardus comes Astaracensis" granted pasturage rights to the abbot of Berdoues by charter dated 1142[628]. m firstly ---. The name of Bernard's wife is not known. m secondly LONGUEBRUNE, daughter of --- (-after [1154]). Her marriage is confirmed by a charter dated to [1154] which records that "Boamundus" borrowed money from "priorissam Boni Loci…mater sua…Longa Bruna" to prevent Géraud d’Esparbès, who had been expelled as abbot of Saramon, from pillaging the county[629]. Jaurgain suggests that Longuebrune was the sister of Bohémond Comte de Pardiac to explain the transmission of the name Bohémond into the Astarac family[630]. Prioress of Notre-Dame de Bolauc: "Sancius comes Astaracensis" donated property to the convent of Bolauc and "priorissæ Boni Loci…Longæ Brunæ" by charter dated 1042[631]. A charter dated to [1153] records that "Bernardus de Marestaing" was at war with "comite Astaracensi Boamundo" and was bribed with money borrowed from "Boni Loci…priorissam…Longam Brunam" not to burn the town[632]. Bernard & his first wife had one child:

a) SANCHO [II] (-after 1169). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Sancium" as the son of "Bernardus"[633]. "Bernardus comes Astaracensis et Sancius dictus eius filius" donated the church of Berdoues to the abbot of Morimont by charter dated 1134[634]. "Bernardus comes cum filiis suis S. et B." cooperated in the reconstruction of the town of Simorre which had been destroyed by fire, recorded in a charter dated May 1141[635]. Comte d’Astarac. "Sancius comes Astaracensis" donated property to the convent of Bolauc and "priorissæ Boni Loci…Longæ Brunæ" by charter dated 1142[636]. "Sancius comes Astaracensis" donated property to the church of Berdoues by charter dated 1156[637]. "Sancius comes Astaraci" confirmed donations to Berdoues by "Bernardus Astaracensis comitis suus pater" by charter dated 1157[638].

Bernard & his second wife had [two] children:

b) BOHEMOND (-1176 or after). "Bernardus comes cum filiis suis S. et B." cooperated in the reconstruction of the town of Simorre which had been destroyed by fire, recorded in a charter dated May 1141[639]. Comte d’Astarac. A charter dated to [1153] records that "Bernardus de Marestaing" was at war with "comite Astaracensi Boamundo" and was bribed with money borrowed from "Boni Loci…priorissam…Longam Brunam" not to burn the town[640]. A charter dated to [1154] records that "Boamundus" borrowed money from "priorissam Boni Loci…mater sua…Longa Bruna" to prevent Géraud d’Esparbès, who had been expelled as abbot of Saramon, from pillaging the county[641]. "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mariæ, Marchesiæ et Bonefeminæ", by charter dated to [1172][642]. "Boemundi Astaracensis comitis et uxoris eius Rubee et filiabus Maria atque Marchesia" approved the sale of the château de Lamaguère by "Guillaume de Lamaguère" to Géraud de la Barthe Archbishop of Auch, by charter dated Mar 1174[643]. "Boamundus comes Astaracensis dictus filius Bernardi Astaracensis comitis" donated property, sold by "Bernardus pater eius et Sancius frater eius", to the abbot of Berdoues by charter dated 1175[644]. "Boamundus comes Astaraci dictus filius Bernardi Astaraci comitis", on leaving for Jerusalem, granted pasturage rights to the abbot of Berdoues by charter dated 1175[645]. m ROUGE de Marsan, daughter of PIERRE de Marsan & his wife Beatrix de Bigorre. "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mariæ, Marchesiæ et Bonefeminæ", by charter dated to [1172][646]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Boemundi Astaracensis comitis et uxoris eius Rubee et filiabus Maria atque Marchesia" approved the sale of the château de Lamaguère by "Guillaume de Lamaguère" to Géraud de la Barthe Archbishop of Auch, by charter dated Mar 1174[647]. Bohémond & his wife had four children:

i) MARIE (-[1174/75]). "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mariæ, Marchesiæ et Bonefeminæ", by charter dated to [1172][648]. "Boemundi Astaracensis comitis et uxoris eius Rubee et filiabus Maria atque Marchesia" approved the sale of the château de Lamaguère by "Guillaume de Lamaguère" to Géraud de la Barthe Archbishop of Auch, by charter dated Mar 1174[649].

ii) MARQUESE (-after 1191). "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mariæ, Marchesiæ et Bonefeminæ", by charter dated to [1172][650]. "Boemundi Astaracensis comitis et uxoris eius Rubee et filiabus Maria atque Marchesia" approved the sale of the château de Lamaguère by "Guillaume de Lamaguère" to Géraud de la Barthe Archbishop of Auch, by charter dated Mar 1174[651]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1187 under which "Eysemenus comes Astaracensis et Marquesa uxor eius" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues[652]. "Marquesa comitissa Astaracensis et Benetris soror eius" confirmed the donation of property to the abbot of Berdoues, at the request of "Eisemenis mariti predicte Marquese", by charter dated 1191[653]. m as his second wife, JIMENO, son of --- (-1191 or after). Comte d’Astarac. "Eisemen comite Astaracensi" is named in the dating clause of a charter dated 1182 which records the donation of property by "Giraldo de Porastron" to Gimont[654].

iii) BONNEFEMME (-[1172/91]). "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mariæ, Marchesiæ et Bonefeminæ", by charter dated to [1172][655].

iv) BEATRIX . "Marquesa comitissa Astaracensis et Benetris soror eius" confirmed the donation of property to the abbot of Berdoues, at the request of "Eisemenis mariti predicte Marquese", by charter dated 1191[656]. Her first marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1190 under which "Rodericus dictus filius Exemeni comitis Astaracensis et uxor eius Benetrix" confirmed the earlier donation of property to the abbot of Berdoues by "Exemenus pater predicti Roderici et Marquesa uxor eius" by charter dated 1190[657]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1200 under which "Vitalis de Monteacuto comes Astaracensis et uxor eius Na Benetrix Astaracensis comitissa" granted rights to the abbot of Berdoues[658]. m firstly RODRIGO Jiménez, son of JIMENO --- & his first wife --- (-1191). "Rodericus comes Astaracensi" witnessed a charter dated 1191 under which "Arnaud-Guillaume de Panassac abbé de Simorre" committed certain obligations towards to the convent of Bolauc[659]. Comte d’Astarac. m secondly ([1192/95]) VITAL de Montégut, son of --- (-1204 or after). Comte d’Astarac.

c) [SAVARIC (-after 1207). "Savaricus…filius Bernardi comitis et domine Savarice" donated property to Berdoues by charter dated 1186[660]. It is not certain that Savaric’s father was Bernard [I] Comte d’Astarac. If this parentage is correct, the absence of any record of Savaric claiming the county after the death of his supposed brother Bohémond suggests that he may have been illegitimate. It is also possible that Savaric’s father was Bernard [III] Dodon Comte de Comminges who is recorded as having donated property to Berdoues at an earlier period. "Savarig…filius de Bernardo comite" renounced claims on the property of Berdoues in return for compensation by charter dated 1207[661]. m SAVARICE, daughter of --- (-after 1186). "Savaricus…filius Bernardi comitis et domine Savarice" donated property to Berdoues by charter dated 1186[662].]

B. COMTES d’ASTARAC 1210-1511

1. CENTULE [I] (-1243 or before). According to Jaurgain, Centule was the son of Beatrix Ctss d’Astarac and her first husband Rodrigo Jiménez but he cites no primary source on which this statement is based[663]. The names of Centule’s son Bohémond and daughter Rouge suggest that he was descended from Comte Bohémond and his wife. However, the absence of the names Jimeno and Rodrigo among his descendants suggests that he was not descended from Bohémond’s daughter Beatrix. Another possibility is that Centule was the son of Bohémond’s daughter Bonnefemme, about whom nothing is known after [1172] (see above). The name Centule suggests a close relationship with the family of the comtes de Bigorre. Comte d’Astarac. "Centullus comes Astaracensis" committed revenue to the abbot of Berdoues by charter dated 1211[664]. "Centullus comes Astariacensis" donated the dîmes from the county of Astarac to the archbishop of Auch by charter dated 1 May 1227, witnessed by "Bernardus comes Convenarum, et nobilis vir Sancius de Bartha"[665]. "Centullus comes Astaraco" swore allegiance to Louis IX King of France by charter dated Apr 1229[666]. "Centullo comiti Astarasci" swore allegiance to the comte de Toulouse by charter dated 3 Sep 1230[667]. The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], bequeathed "à Bolmn mon primer fil, le comtad de Starac" and "à Centol mon fil…terra al comtad de Begore" and names "Roia ma fila…Beatrice ma filia…la dauna S. lor mair…la dona Segui ma molher"[668]. m firstly PETRONILLE de Comminges, daughter of BERNARD Comte de Comminges & his third wife Marie de Montpellier. The testament of "Maria regina Aragonum et domina Montispessulani" is dated 20 Apr 1213, naming "Jacobum filium Regis Aragonum et meum…duæ filiæ meæ Mathildis…et Perona"[669]. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Puylaurens records that "comte Bernard de Comminges" had two daughters by his wife "la fille de Guillaume de Montpellier…Marie" of whom one married "Sanche de Barral" and the other "Centulle comte d’Astarac"[670]. m secondly SEGUINE de Lomagne, daughter of GERARD de Lomagne & his wife --- (-after 25 Mar 1246). The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], names "la dona Segui ma molher"[671]. "Domina Seguis uxor quondam Centulli comitis de Astaraco...cum suo filio Centulio qui fuit filius dicti Centulli" swore homage to Raymond VII Comte de Toulouse by charter dated 13 Nov 1244[672]. "Domina Sygnis uxor quondam...domini Centulli comitis quondam Astaraci" and “Odo de Lomannia” granted their rights “in toto comitatu et terra Fezenciaci” to Raymond VII Comte de Toulouse by two charters dated 25 Mar 1246[673]. Centule [I] & his second wife had four children:

a) BOHEMOND . The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], bequeathed "à Bolmn mon primer fil, le comtad de Starac"[674].

b) CENTULE [II] (-1249 before 24 Aug, bur Simorre). The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], bequeathed "à Bolmn mon primer fil, le comtad de Starac" and "à Centol mon fil…terra al comtad de Begore"[675]. Comte d’Astarac. "C. puerolo comite Astaracensi" and "C. puero comite Astaraci" are named in charters of Berdoues dated 1243 and 1244[676]. "Domina Seguis uxor quondam Centulli comitis de Astaraco...cum suo filio Centulio qui fuit filius dicti Centulli" swore homage to Raymond VII Comte de Toulouse by charter dated 13 Nov 1244[677]. The presence of his mother indicates that Centule [II] must still have been under age at the time. A charter dated 24 Aug 1249 records that "dominus Centullus…comes Astaraci…filius…comitis Centulli Staracensis et…nobilis dominæ Na Segii comitisse Staracensis" defeated and captured "Arnaldo Wilhelmo de Labartha" but when dying became a monk "apud Simorram" where he was buried[678].

c) ROUGE . The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], names "Roia ma fila…Beatrice ma filia…la dauna S. lor mair"[679].

d) BEATRIX . The testament of "Centol…comes Astaraci", dated to [1230], names "Roia ma fila…Beatrice ma filia…la dauna S. lor mair"[680].

e) BERNARD [IV] (after [1230]-1291). Comte d’Astarac. "B. comes Astaraci…filius Centuli, comitis Astaraci" donated property to Berdoues by charter dated 22 Apr 1253[681]. A charter dated Dec 1284 records that "Bernardo comite Astariaci" was ordered to restore to the abbot of Simorre "castrum sive fortalicium de Maceriis" which "Centullus quondam pater comitis" had expropriated[682]. m ---. Bernard & his wife had four children:

i) CENTULE [III] (-1300). Comte d’Astarac. m ASSALIDE d’Albret, daughter of AMANIEU [VI] d’Albret & his second wife Mathe de Bordeaux (before 1262-after 5 Jan 1286). The marriage contract of "dame Assalide d’Albret" and "le filz du comte d’Astarac" is dated 1 May 1278 which records the dowry given by "Berard Ezii son frère"[683]. The testament of “Mathe ve d’Amanjeu d’Albret”, dated May 1281, appointed “Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants” as her heirs[684]. The testament of "Assalide", dated 5 Jan 1286, appointed as her heir "Bernard son fils unique…et lui substitua Amanieu d’Albret son frère"[685]. Centule [III] & his wife had one child:

(a) BERNARD [IV] (-after 1326). The testament of "Assalide", dated 5 Jan 1286, appointed as her heir "Bernard son fils unique…et lui substitua Amanieu d’Albret son frère"[686]. Comte d’Astarac.

- see below.

ii) JEAN . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

iii) BERNARD . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

iv) ARNAUD . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

v) ROUGE . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage but cites no source on which the information is based[687]. m (1285 or after) as his second wife, PIERRE de Grailly Vicomte de Benauge, son of JEAN [I] de Grailly & his [first wife ---] (-1290).

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the following members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

BERNARD [IV] d’Astarac, son of CENTULE [III] Comte d’Astarac & his wife Assalide d’Albret (-after 1326). The testament of "Assalide", dated 5 Jan 1286, appoints as her heir "Bernard son fils unique…et lui substitua Amanieu d’Albret son frère"[688]. Comte d’Astarac.

m firstly (contract 31 Oct 1294) MATHE de Foix, daughter of ROGER BERNARD Comte de Foix & his wife Marguerite de Béarn.

m secondly (13 Jun 1323) as her second husband, JAMBURGE de l’Isle-Jourdain, widow of GAUTHIER du Fossat Seigneur de Bramevaque, daughter of JOURDAIN de l’Isle-Jourdain & his wife Vacquerie Adémar (-[Sep 1333/1342]). Père Anselme records her parentage (naming her “Thiburge”) and two marriages, noting that she was the widow of her first husband 25 Apr 1320, pleaded against Bertrand de la Motte 8 Apr 1323 and with her sisters against Guy de Comminges, obtained the king’s protection for her foundation in her castle of Launac Sep 1333, and bequeathed Pibrac to “Bernard seigneur de l’Isle-Jourdain son neveu” in her testament (no date specified) (no source citations)[689]. Her first marriage is confirmed by a manuscript chronicle which records the marriage in 1309 of "Bernardus filius Bernardi comitis Astarici" and "D. Augustam filiam Galterii de Fossato militis D. de Bramebac, et D. Jamburgæ de Insula", adding that her dowry was "D. marchas argenti"[690]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. She presumably died before 1342 when her nephew, son of her younger sister, took over the family’s lawsuit against Guy de Comminges.

Bernard [IV] & his first wife had two children:

1. BERNARD (-before 1324). m (1309) AUGUSTA du Fossat, daughter of GAUTHIER du Fossat Seigneur de Bramevaque & his wife Jamburge de l’Isle-Jourdain. A manuscript chronicle records the marriage in 1309 of "Bernardus filius Bernardi comitis Astarici" and "D. Augustam filiam Galterii de Fossato militis D. de Bramebac, et D. Jamburgæ de Insula", adding that her dowry was "D. marchas argenti"[691].

2. AMANIEU (-1331). Comte d’Astarac. m as her first husband, CECILE de Comminges, daughter of BERNARD VII Comte de Comminges & his wife Laure de Montfort (-after 23 Jun 1354). She married secondly (1337) as his first wife, Giovanni II Marchese di Monferrato. Amanieu & his wife had one child:

a) CENTULE [IV] . Comte d’Astarac. m MATHE de Fézenzaguet, daughter of GERAUD d’Armagnac Vicomte de Fezenzaguet & his wife Jeanne de Comminges. Centule [IV] & his wife had three children:

i) CECILE (-after 20 Jul 1392). Père Anselme records her parentage and two marriages, noting that she sued her second husband in 1389 “pour la restitution de sa dot, s’étant séparée de lui de son consentement depuis cinq ans, à cause de ses mauvais déportements et concubinages”, and was awarded payments by order dated 20 Jul 1392 (no source citations)[692]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not been identified. m firstly RAYMOND BERNARD de Durfort, son of ---. m secondly (separated 1384) as his first wife, JEAN JOURDAIN [III] Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain, son of JEAN JOURDAIN [II] Comte de l’Isle-Jourdain & his wife Indie de Durfort (-after Feb 1411).

ii) MARGUERITE . Rabanis states that Florimont was already married to “Marguerite d’Astarac” when he succeeded his father[693]. Pope Urban V addressed letters of absolution to “nobili mulieri Margarete uxori…nobilis viri Florimundi domini de Sparra, Burdigalensis diœcesis” dated 14 Mar 1365[694]. m (before [1362]) FLORIMONT Seigneur de Lesparre, son of SENEBRUN [VI] Seigneur de Lesparre & his wife Jeanne de Périgord (-after 8 Apr 1394).

iii) JEAN [I] (-5 Oct 1398). Comte d’Astarac.

- see below.

JEAN [I] d’Astarac, son of CENTULE [IV] Comte d’Astarac & his wife Mathe de Fézensaguet (-5 Oct 1398). Comte d’Astarac.

m firstly CATHERINE de Lautrec, daughter of AMALRIC [III] Vicomte de Lautrec & his wife Jeanne de Narbonne (-1374). Her testament, dated 24 Sep 1374, bequeathed her property to her husband (triggering the series of lawsuits relating to the rights to Lautrec)[695]. After her death, childless, her husband challenged the succession of Jean de Beaufort to the interests in the vicomté de Lautrec held by her branch of the family, as shown by the following document: Charles V King of France confirmed that “Archambaud euesque de Chalons et Sicard euesque de Besiers freres, Helionor et Jeanne leurs sœurs, enfans du Vicomte de Lautrec, fils et frere du Vicomte de Lautrec dernierement trespassé” transferred their rights in “[le] vicomté de Lautrec et en la baronnie d’Ambres” (challenged by “le comte d’Estarac”) to “leur nepueu Jean de Beaufort fils de Nicolas de Beaufort chevalier seigneur de Limueil” by charter dated 13 Nov 1376[696].

m secondly MASCAROSE de la Barthe, daughter of GERAUD Vicomte de la Barthe & his wife Brunissende de Lautrec.

[m thirdly (before 29 Nov 1395) PHILIPPA de Comminges, daughter of RAYMOND ROGER [II] de Comminges Vicomte de Couserans & his wife Isabelle Trousseau. The testament of Isabelle “vicomtesse de Couserans et de Bruniquel veuve...[de] Raymond Roger de Comminges”, dated 29 Nov 1395 (codicil 1 Dec 1395), bequeathed property to “son fils aîné Raymond Roger...sa fille Philippe mariée au comte d’Astarac...à sa seconde fille Marguerite” and appointed “son second fils Arnaud Roger damoiseau” as her heir[697]. The wording of this extract suggests that her husband was the ruling comte d’Astarac at the time, Jean [I]. If that is correct, Philippa was his third wife.]

Jean [I] & his second wife had four children:

1. MATHE . m ROGER de Comminges, son of ---.

2. CECILE . m firstly --- de l’Isle-Jourdain, son of ---. m secondly PHILIPPE de Comminges, son of ---.

3. JEAN [II] (-16 Apr 1410). Comte d’Astarac. m ---. The name of Jean’s wife is not known. Jean [II] & his wife had two children:

a) BERNARD (-1406).

b) JEAN [III] (-1 Sep 1458). Comte d’Astarac. m firstly JEANNE de Barbazon, daughter of ---. m secondly JEANNE de Courasse, daughter of ---- Jean [III] & his first wife had one child:

i) CATHERINE . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, and her marriage contract dated 23 Jul 1449, but cites no sources on which the information is based[698]. m (contract 23 Jul 1449) PIERRE de Foix Vicomte de Lautrec, son of JEAN [III] [de Grailly] Comte de Foix et de Bigorre Vicomte de Béarn & his wife Jeanne d'Albret (1454).

Jean [III] & his second wife had two children:

ii) JEAN [IV] (-1511). Comte d’Astarac. m (23 Feb 1483) MARIE de Chambes Dame de Montsoreau, daughter of ---. Jean [IV] & his wife had three children:

(a) MATHE (-after 1550). Ctss d’Astarac. m (21 May 1505) GASTON de Foix Comte de Candale, son of GASTON de Foix Comte de Candale & his first wife Catherine de Foix Infanta de Navarra (-1536).

(b) JACQUELINE (-1531). m (25 Jul 1508) ANTOINE Baron de Mailly, son of ---.

(c) MADELEINE . Dame de Fontenay. m firstly FRANÇOIS [II] d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne Comte de Vertus, son of FRANÇOIS [I] d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne Comte de Vertus & his wife Madeleine de Brosse (-before 1517). m secondly (contract Saint-Quentin 12 Jun 1517)CHARLES de Montbel Comte d’Entremont, son of ---.

iii) MARIE . The marriage contract of "Charles d’Albret seigneur de Saincte Bazeilhe" and "dame Marye d’Astarac, fille de Jehan conte d’Astarac" is dated 18 Aug 1472[699]. m firstly (18 Aug 1472) CHARLES d’Albret Seigneur de Saint-Bazille, son of CHARLES [II] d’Albret Comte de Dreux & his wife Anne d’Armagnac (-Poitiers 7 Apr 1473). m secondly JEAN de Savignac Seigneur de Belcastel, son of ---.

4. MARGUERITE . m as his first wife, BERTRAND de Montferrand Seigneur de Langoiran, son of ---.

Chapter 3. COMTES et VICOMTES d’AURE

The most obscure of the counties in Gascony, the county of Aure was separated from the county of Astarac in the early 11th century. The members of this family are recorded in the 10th century with the title "vicomte". The first mention of "Arnaldus comes de Aura" is dated to 1039. The circumstances in which his territory was elevated to comital status are unknown. Jaurgain suggests that he was descended through the female line from the comtes d’Astarac, and that the county passed to him through this route, but as will be seen below the primary sources do not conclusively confirm that this hypothesis is correct. The county survived only a few decades as such. In 1082, Centule [IV] Gaston Vicomte de Béarn and Comte de Bigorre obliged Odon [I] Comte d’Aure to accept the suzerainty of Bigorre. The family reverted to the title "vicomte" and died out in the male line in the late 12th century, when the title passed by the marriage to the family of the comtes de Comminges. The name survives in the two communes of Vielle-Aure and Fréchet-Aure which are located in the present-day French département of Hautes-Pyrénées.

1. DATO . He is known only from the patronymic attributed to his son. m ---. The name of Dato’s wife is not known. Dato & his wife had one child:

a) AURIOL Dat (-after [926]). According to Jaurgain, Auriol Dat was the same person as Auriol Dat who signed a charter dated 977[700]. However, this is unlikely from a chronological point of view and the two are shown as different persons in this document. Vicomte. "Oriolo Datus vicecomite…" signed the charter dated May [926] under which "Guilelmus Garsie comes de Fidentiaco" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch[701].

2. DATO . He is known only from the patronymic attributed to his son. m ---. The name of Dato’s wife is not known. Dato & his wife had [two] children:

a) AURIOL Dat (-after 977). According to Jaurgain, Auriol Dat was the son of Dato [II] Loup Comte de Bigorre and brother of Raymond Comte de Bigorre[702]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based and presumably the hypothesis depends only on his patronymic. It should be noted that Raymond Comte de Bigorre is not referred to as "Raymond Dat" in any of the primary sources consulted. Vicomte. "…Areolidat vicecomitis…" subscribed the charter dated 977 under which "Gumboldus episcopus et frater meus Willelmus Sancio dux Vasconum" re-established the monastery of La Réole[703]. same person as…? AURIOL . It should be noted that the primary source which confirms the parentage of the children of Auriol and his wife Faquilena does not refer to Auriol’s patronymic. It is therefore not certain that he was Auriol Dat, although the chronology is favourable. m FAQUILENA, daughter of --- (-before [995]). Her marriage is indicated by two charters of Sainte-Marie de Simorre, dated to [995], which record the donations by "Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo"[704]. According to Jaurgain[705], she was Gersende [Faquilena] d'Astarac, widow of Raymond Comte de Bigorre, daughter of Arnaud Comte d'Astarac & his wife ---. Her parentage and supposed first marriage are confirmed by the Codex de Roda which names "Garsie Arnaldi et Leudebico, vel domna Girisenda" as the children of "Arnaldo Garsies" and his unnamed wife, stating that Gersende married "Regismundi de Bigorra"[706], and by a charter dated to [955] which records that "Faquilleno et Arremundo Dato et Guillelmo Horgulo et Garcia Horgulo et Arnaldo Horgulo" donated four churches in the diocese of Comminges to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, for their own souls and those of "suo patrem Arnaldo comito et Sancio comito et Gilelmo comito"[707], although it is not known whether Gersende and Faquilo were the same person, assuming a mistake in the Codex de Roda, or whether Raymond Comte de Bigorre married two sisters in turn. Jaurgain cites no primary source which confirms his hypothesis, except the charter dated to [995] which is quoted above. If "Fachisana" in that document was the sister of Garcia Arnaud Comte d’Astarac, it is likely that he is identified as "Garsi Arnaldi comitis" who is also named in the document. However, it is possible that Faquilena, who married Auriol Dat, was a different person from Faquilena, who married Comte Raymond, although if this is correct the unusual name suggests that they were related.] Auriol & his wife had [five] children:

i) GARCIA Auriol . "Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" donated property to Sainte-Marie de Simorre, for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo", by charter dated to [995][708]. m ---. The name of Garcia’s wife is not known. Garcia & his wife had [one] child:

(a) [ARNAUD [I] Garcia (-[5 Jul 1039/1046]). "Arnaldus comes de Aura" renewed the donation of Sarrancolin (donated by his presumed paternal uncle Guillaume Auriol) to Sainte-Marie de Simorre by charter dated 5 Jul 1039, and signed the document "Arnaldi Garsiæ"[709]. Comte d’Aure.]

- see below.

ii) GUILLAUME Auriol (-after [995]). "Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" donated property, including Sarrancolin, to Sainte-Marie de Simorre, for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo", by charter dated to [995], signed by "Arnaldo comite, Donato Dati, Erricho Dati, Guillelmo Garsia, Leudovico, Lipomano…"[710].

iii) [DATO . According he was Vicomte de la Barthe and son of Auriol Dat, but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[711]. m ---. The name of Dato’s wife is not known. Dato & his wife had [one] child:

(a) [GUILLAUME Dat (-[1025]). Vicomte [de la Barthe]. "…Guilhermus Dati vicecomes Sylvanensis…" signed the charter dated to [1022] under which "Sancius…totius Gasconniæ princeps et dux" founded the monastery of St Hilaire-de-Lassun, later known as St Pé-de-Générès[712].

iv) [MANSION [Auriol] (-after [1025]). According to Jaurgain, he was the son of Auriol Dat Comte d’Aure but he cites no primary source on which this is based[713].]

- VICOMTES de la BARTHE.

v) [ARNAUD (-after [995]). "Guillelmo Auriolo [comitis]" donated property to Sainte-Marie de Simorre, for the souls of "Garsi Arnaldi comitis et…Fachisanæ matris meæ et…Garsi Orollo…et Arnaldo", by charter dated to [995], signed by "Arnaldo comite…"[714]. It is not known that "Arnaldo" was the brother of the donor (as his patronymic is not stated in the document) nor that he was the same person as "Arnaldo comite" who signed the same document.

b) [ODON Dat (-[1010]). According to Jaurgain, Odon Dat was the brother of Auriol Dat, stating that they were sons of Dato [II] Loup Comte de Bigorre and brother of Raymond Comte de Bigorre[715]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based and presumably the hypothesis depends only on his patronymic. It should be noted that Raymond Comte de Bigorre is not referred to as "Raymond Dat" in any of the primary sources consulted. A charter dated 1009 records, in the presence of "Lodoici comitis Bigorræ", that "Otto Dato vicecomes Montanereus" founded the monastery of Saint-Orens de La Reule[716].

- VICOMTES de MONTANER.

c) [SANCHO [Dat] . According to Jaurgain, "Sancho Dat" was the brother of Auriol Dat, stating that they were sons of Dato [II] Loup Comte de Bigorre and brother of Raymond Comte de Bigorre[717]. However, he cites no primary source which names Sancho, confirms this relationship, or specifies his patronymic. It appears that the connection may be speculative.]

- VICOMTES d’ASTER[718].

ARNAUD [I] Garcia, son of [GARCIA Auriol & his wife ---] (-[5 Jul 1039/1046]). "…Arnaldus de Aura…" signed the charter dated to [1022] under which "Sancius…totius Gasconniæ princeps et dux" founded the monastery of St Hilaire-de-Lassun, later known as St Pé-de-Générès[719]. Comte d’Aure. "Arnaldus comes de Aura" renewed the donation of Sarrancolin (donated by his presumed paternal uncle Guillaume Auriol), and added other donations, to Sainte-Marie de Simorre by charter dated 5 Jul 1039, signed by "Arnaldi Garsiæ…Garsi Arnaldi filii sui, Aurioli Mancii vicecomitis, Arsi Mancii, Sancii Aurioli, Forcii Aurioli, Boni Filii, Gastoni Dati, Atonis Anerii, Einardi Anerii, Sancii Garsiæ, Atonis Lupi, Gastoni Sancii, Garsiæ Atilii, Athonis Aurilii, Raimundi Aurilii…"[720].

m ---. The name of Arnaud’s wife is not known.

Arnaud Garcia & his wife had one child:

1. GARCIA Arnaud (-after [1060]). "Arnaldus comes de Aura" renewed the donation of Sarrancolin (donated by his presumed paternal uncle Guillaume Auriol), and added other donations, to Sainte-Marie de Simorre by charter dated 5 Jul 1039, signed by "Arnaldi Garsiæ…Garsi Arnaldi filii sui…"[721]. Comte d’Aure. A charter dated to [1060] records that "Forto Sancius monachus ex progenie nobilium comitum supradictorum" was expelled from the priory of Sarrancolin which he had captured, and that "Garsi Arnaldum comitem de Aura" offered "Raymundum filium suum" as a monk at Sainte-Marie de Simorre[722]. m ---. The name of Garcia’s wife is not known. Garcia & his wife had children:

a) ARNAUD [II] (-[1073/80]). Comte d’Aure. A charter dated 1073 records that "Arnaldum comitem de Aura nec non…vicecomitem Sancium de Bartha" expelled "Raymundum, monachum" from the monastery of Sarrancolin which he had captured from Sainte-Marie de Simorre[723].

b) ODON [I] (-before 1095). Comte [Vicomte] d’Aure. Jaurgain records that Centule Gaston de Béarn Comte de Bigorre obliged Odon to accept his suzerainty in 1082, but cites no primary source on which this is based[724].

- see below.

c) RAYMOND (-after 1073). A charter dated to [1060] records that "Garsi Arnaldum comitem de Aura" offered "Raymundum filium suum" as a monk at Sainte-Marie de Simorre[725]. A charter dated 1073 records that "Arnaldum comitem de Aura nec non…vicecomitem Sancium de Bartha" expelled "Raymundum, monachum" from the monastery of Sarrancolin which he had captured from Sainte-Marie de Simorre[726].

2. [RAYMOND Arnaud d’Aure (-after [1055]). "Raimundus Arnaldus de Aura et uxor sua et filii sui" donated the church of Francor to the monastery of Lezat by charter dated to [1055][727]. Some of his possible descendants are shown by Jaurgain[728]. m ---. The name of Raymond’s wife is not known.]

ODON [I], son of GARCIA Arnaud Comte d’Aure & his wife --- (-before 1095). Comte [Vicomte] d’Aure. Jaurgain records that Centule Gaston de Béarn Comte de Bigorre obliged Odon to accept his suzerainty in 1082, but cites no primary source on which this is based[729].

m ---. The name of Odon’s wife is not known.

Odon & his wife had one child:

1. SANCHO GARCIA (-[1128]). According to Jaurgain, Sancho Garcia was the son of Odon but he cites no primary source on which this is based[730]. Vicomte d’Aure. An undated charter records a lengthy dispute between Centule Gaston Comte de Bigorre and "Don Sanz Gassie de Aura…e…Arn. Laudig, sos cozis" regarding the suzerainty over the viscomté d’Aure[731]. m ---. The name of Sancho Garcia’s wife is not known. Sancho Garcia & his wife had one child:

a) ODON [II] (-before [1170]). "Od de Aura filius Sancii Garcie" swore homage to Centule [II] Comte de Bigorre by charter dated to [1128][732]. Vicomte d’Aure. m ---. The name of Odon’s wife is not known. Odon [II] & his wife had two children:

i) ARNAUD [III] (-before 1180). "Arn. de Aura, W. Tort sos frair" swore homage to Centule [III] Comte de Bigorre by charter dated to [1170][733]. m ---. The name of Arnaud’s wife is not known. Arnaud & his wife had one child:

(a) BERTRANDE . Vicomtesse d’Aure. m ([1160]) GUY de Comminges, son of BERNARD [I] Comte de Comminges & his wife Dias de Muret.

ii) GUILLAUME (-after [1170]). "Arn. de Aura, W. Tort sos frair" swore homage to Centule [III] Comte de Bigorre by charter dated to [1170][734].

Chapter 4. COMTES de FEZENSAC

A. EARLY COMTES de FEZENSAC

Two mentions of the county of Fezensac have been identified in the early 9th century when it was granted by Emperor Charlemagne to two of his supporters. No further reference to the county has been found until [920] when it was granted by Garcia Sancho Duke of Gascony in the northern inland area of Gascony, adjoining the county of Toulouse, to his younger son Guillaume (see Part B). The family of the Gascon comtes de Fezensac died out in the male line in 1098, after which the county of Fezensac passed by marriage to the comtes d’Armagnac.

1. BURGUNDIO (-[801]). The Vita Hludowici Imperatoris records the death of "Burgundio" [in 801] and that "comitatus eius Fedentiacus" was granted to "Liutardo"[735]. Comte de Fezensac.

2. LIUTHARD, son of --- (-3 Jan [813], or after). The Vita Hludowici Imperatoris records the death of "Burgundio" [in 801] and that "comitatus eius Fedentiacus" was granted to "Liutardo"[736]. Comte de Fezensac. The Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names "Liutardum, Isembardum" [in 813][737].

B. COMTES de FEZENSAC [920]-1098

OTHON, son of GUILLAUME Garcia de Gascogne & his wife --- (-before 985). The Codex de Roda names "Regemundus de Fedenzac, et Oton, ac Fridolo, et Bernardo, at domna ---" as the children of "Gilelmo Garsies" and his unnamed wife[738]. The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Ottonem cognomina Fultam et Bernardum Luscum" as children of "Guillelmus-Garsias Consul Fidentiaci", stating that they divided their territories between them, Othon taking "Fidentiacum"[739]. Comte de Fezensac [965]. Monlezun names "Othon et Bernard" as the two sons of Guillaume Garcia, specifying that Othon succeeded his father in "l'orient qui retint le nom de Fezensac [et qui] s'étendait de Vic à Mauvezin, et de Montesquiou à Valence" but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[740]. "Oddo comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated to [960] "regnante tres fratres germanos Oddo comite, Bernardo comite, Fredelone comite"[741].

m ---. The name of Othon's wife is not known.

Othon & his wife had one child:

1. BERNARD [I] OTHON "Mancius-Tineas" (-before 1020). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Bernardum-Ottonem cognomento Mancium-Tineam" as son of "Ottonem cognomina Fultam", son of "Guillelmus-Garsias Consul Fidentiaci"[742]. Comte de Fezensac. He founded the monastery of Eauze. m ---. The name of Bernard's wife is not known. Bernard [I] & his wife had three children:

a) AIMERIC [I] (-before 1032). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Aimericus" as son of "Bernardum-Ottonem cognomento Mancium-Tineam"[743]. Comte de Fezensac. "Aymericus comes Fidenciaci et Arnaldus Donati vicecomes Gavarreti et Ucians de Montalt et O. de Casalbo et Raymundus Aymerici de Montesquieu et O. de Graulet et W. O. de Pardailhan et C de Viran et F de Centosquæ et W. Bero de Cazanova" granted privileges to the monastery of Saint-Lupère d’Eauze by charter dated to [1036][744]. m ---. The name of Aimeric's wife is not known. Aimeric [I] & his wife had three children:

i) GUILLAUME [II] "Astenove" (-[1064]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum-Astam-Novam" as son of "Aimericus", commenting that he built "ecclesiam Auscitanam quæ prius parva erat" with "Austendo Archiepiscopo"[745]. Comte de Fezensac.

- see below.

ii) RAYMOND . "Aymericus comes Fidenciaci…Raymundus Aymerici de Montesquieu…" granted privileges to the monastery of Saint-Lupère d’Eauze by charter dated to [1036][746]. "Aimericus Ausensis comes [et] Bernardus frater meus" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1068 naming "Wilelmi patris nostri…Raimundus avunculus noster…Arnaldus alter avunculus", specifying that Raymond was "dictus abbas eiusdem loci [monasterium Sancti Orientii]"[747].

- BARONS de MONTESQUIOU[748].

iii) ARNAUD AIMERIC . "Aimericus Ausensis comes [et] Bernardus frater meus" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1068 naming "Wilelmi patris nostri…Raimundus avunculus noster…Arnaldus alter avunculus"[749].

b) RAYMOND (-29 Nov 1049). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1040] under which "Gilelmus comes et uxor mea Constancia" restored property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch and to "Raimundo archiepiscopo avunculo meo"[750]. Archbishop of Auch.

c) daughter . "Gilelmus Arnaldus de Tremleda" donated "villam de Tremleda" to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, to expiate his crime of killing a priest, by charter dated to [1070], which records that "sorore…comitis domni…Aimerici" married firstly "Arnaldo Pradneronensi" and secondly "Arnaldo W, patre W. Arnaldi"[751]. m firstly ARNAUD Seigneur de Préneron, son of ---. m secondly ARNAUD Guillaume, son of ---. Child by second marriage:

i) GUILLAUME Arnaud . "Gilelmus Arnaldus de Tremleda" donated "villam de Tremleda" to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, to expiate his crime of killing a priest, by charter dated to [1070], which records that "sorore…comitis domni…Aimerici" married firstly "Arnaldo Pradneronensi" and secondly "Arnaldo W, patre W. Arnaldi"[752]. Seigneur de Tremblade.

GUILLAUME [II] "Astenove" de Fezensac, son of AIMERIC [II] Comte de Fezensac & his wife --- (-[1064]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum-Astam-Novam" as son of "Aimericus", commenting that he built "ecclesiam Auscitanam quæ prius parva erat" with "Austendo Archiepiscopo"[753]. Comte de Fezensac. "…Willelmus Astenove…" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes…cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo …" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[754].

m firstly (repudiated[755]) ---. The name of Comte Guillaume's first wife is not known. The primary source which confirms this first marriage has not yet been identified.

m secondly CONSTANCE, daughter of ---. "Gilelmus comes et uxor mea Constancia" restored property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch and to "Raimundo archiepiscopo avunculo meo" by charter dated to [1040][756].

Comte Guillaume [II] & his [second] wife had two children:

1. AIMERIC [II] "Forton" (-1103). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Aimericum qui et Forto nominatus est" as son of "Guillelmum-Astam-Novam"[757]. "Aimericus Ausensis comes [et] Bernardus frater meus" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1068 naming "Wilelmi patris nostri…Raimundus avunculus noster…Arnaldus alter avunculus"[758]. Comte de Fezensac. "Aimericus comes filius Astenove comitis" made a donation to Cluny dated [12 Mar/16 Apr] 1088, naming "Bernardus comes proavus meus…Aevierne uxori mee…Astenove filio meo…Bernardo fratri meo"[759]. "Aimericus comes…et filius meus Astanova" restored property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch and to "Raimundo archiepiscopo avunculo meo" by charter dated to [1075][760]. "Petrus de Big" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Vic, with the consent of "comitis Fortonis et filii sui Astanove" by charter dated to [1090][761]. "Aimericus comes filius Astanove…et uxor Biverna et Bernardus frater comitis" confirmed his father’s donation of Sainte-Christie to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 1094[762]. m as her second husband, BIVERNE, widow of ---, daughter of ---. "Aimericus comes filius Astanove…et uxor Biverna et Bernardus frater comitis" confirmed his father’s donation of Sainte-Christie to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 1094[763]. Her first marriage is indicated by the charter dated 1097 under which her son "Astanova Fidenciacensis comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch when leaving on crusade, confirmed by "Raimundus archiepiscopus, suprafati comitis frater uterinus"[764]. Jaurgain says that Raymond, son by her first marriage, was archbishop of Auch from 1097 to 1118[765]. Comte Aimeric [II] & his wife had one child:

a) ASTENOVE [II] (-1098). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Astam-Novam" as son of "Aimericum qui et Forto nominatus est"[766]. "Aimericus comes…et filius meus Astanova" restored property to Sainte-Marie d’Auch and to "Raimundo archiepiscopo avunculo meo" by charter dated to [1075][767]. "Petrus de Big" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Vic, with the consent of "comitis Fortonis et filii sui Astanove" by charter dated to [1090][768]. Comte de Fezensac. "Bernardus vicecomes" renounced a tax on La Réole before the court of Gascony, before "Astanova comite…de Fedenzac, ac Bernardo de Armanac, necnon Gastone vicecomite de Bearn, et Lupo Anario de Marzan, et Bibiano de Lomonie, et Petro, domino de Gavarred…", by charter dated 1103[769]. He died during the First Crusade[770]. m ---. The name of Astenove's wife is not known. Comte Astenove [II] & his wife had one child:

i) AZELMA ([1090]-before 1160). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "filiam…Adalmur" as the child of "Astam-Novam", specifying that she was the mother of "Benetricis" who was childless[771]. The primary source which confirms the identity of her first husband has not yet been identified. "Geraldus comes Armaniacensis…cum filio suo primogenito Bernardo" confirmed a donation to Sainte-Marie d’Auch after the death of "istius comitisse…et filie eius Benetricis", desiring "consulatum Fezenciaci", by undated charter[772]. This is the only charter cited by Jaurgain which supposedly confirms Azelma’s second marriage[773]. However, it is a curious document. The wording implies that Comte Géraud confirmed Azelma’s donation because he desired her county, although the confirmation was made after she died. If he had married her, however, he would presumably automatically have been entitled to Fezensac and the stated purpose behind the confirmation would have been pointless. Another factor is that Géraud’s son Bernard is described in the document only as his son not hers. m firstly ([1110]) BERNARD [III] Comte de Bigorre, son of CENTULE [V] Vicomte de Béarn & his second wife Béatrix Ctss de Bigorre (-1113). m secondly (1119) GERAUD [III] Comte d'Armagnac, son of BERNARD [III] Comte d'Armagnac & his wife Alpais de Turenne (-1160).

2. BERNARD (-1094 or after). "Aimericus Ausensis comes [et] Bernardus frater meus" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1068 naming "Wilelmi patris nostri…Raimundus avunculus noster…Arnaldus alter avunculus"[774]. "Aimericus comes filius Astanove…et uxor Biverna et Bernardus frater comitis" confirmed his father’s donation of Sainte-Christie to Sainte-Marie d’Auch by charter dated 1094[775].

Chapter 5. COMTES de PARDIAC

A. COMTES de PARDIAC (COMTES d’ASTARAC)

The county of Pardiac was separated from the county of Astarac in the early 11th century and granted to Bernard, younger son of Arnaud Comte d’Astarac. His descendants are shown in Part A. of this chapter. The county was held by the seigneurs de Monlezun (Part B.) in the late 12th century, although the precise date of the transfer and whether it occurred by inheritance, purchase or re-grant has not yet been traced. Only sparse information relating to the comtes de Pardiac is available in surviving primary sources.

BERNARD "Pelagus" d'Astarac, son of ARNAUD Comte d'Astarac & his wife --- (-after [1034]). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum et Bernardum-Pelagos" as the two sons of "Arnaldus", stating that Guillaume received "Astaracum" while Bernard received "Pardiniacum"[776]. Comte de Pardiac. "…Bernardus comes, Remundus comes, Garsias comes, Geraldus comes…" subscribed the charter dated 1023 under which "Guillelmus filius quondam comitis Arnaldi Astariacensis et eius coniux…Talesa" donated the monastery of Pessan to the abbey of Simorre[777]. "Sancius…totius Gasconniæ princeps et dux" founded the monastery of St Hilaire-de-Lassun, later known as St Pé-de-Générès, in the presence of "…Bernardus comes Pardiniacensis…", by charter dated to [1022][778]. "Oddo filius quondam Arnaldi, Astaracensis comes, et eius coniugis…Atalesæ, comitissæ" restored the monastery of Saramon, with the consent of "nostri germani fratres…domnus Guillelmus, et Bernardus, Remundus, Garsias et Guiraldus", by charter dated to [1025][779]. "Bernardus comes Pardiniacensis" donated property to Saint-Pé by undated charter[780]. A charter dated to [1034] records that "Guilelmus filius Arnaldi, comes Astariacensis" married "consanguineam suam" without dispensation but that the marriage was recognised as valid in return for penances, the document naming "Bernardus frater eius, Raimundus frater eius, Garcia frater eius, Agganricus et cognatus eius…"[781].

m ---. The name of Bernard's wife is not known.

Bernard & his wife had one child:

1. AUGER (-after 29 Dec 1088). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Otgerium" as the son of "Bernardus-Pelagos"[782]. Comte de Pardiac. Comte Auger donated property to the monastery of Sorèze, for the souls of "…Amanène sa femme…", by charter dated May 1088[783]. "Odgerius comes…Pardiniacensi" donated the church of Saint-Christaud to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, with the consent of "filiorum meorum…Urseti, Arnaldi, Vuilelmi, Aimerici", by charter dated 29 Dec 1088[784]. m AMANENE, daughter of ---. Comte Auger donated property to the monastery of Sorèze, for the souls of "…Amanène sa femme…", by charter dated May 1088[785]. Auger & his wife had four children:

a) URSET (-after 29 Dec 1088). "Odgerius comes…Pardiniacensi" donated the church of Saint-Christaud to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, with the consent of "filiorum meorum…Urseti, Arnaldi, Vuilelmi, Aimerici", by charter dated 29 Dec 1088[786].

b) ARNAUD (-after 29 Dec 1088). "Odgerius comes…Pardiniacensi" donated the church of Saint-Christaud to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, with the consent of "filiorum meorum…Urseti, Arnaldi, Vuilelmi, Aimerici", by charter dated 29 Dec 1088[787].

c) GUILLAUME (-after 1142). The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Guillelmum" as the son of "Otgerium"[788]. "Odgerius comes…Pardiniacensi" donated the church of Saint-Christaud to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, with the consent of "filiorum meorum…Urseti, Arnaldi, Vuilelmi, Aimerici", by charter dated 29 Dec 1088[789]. Comte de Pardiac. Père Anselme states that Guillaume de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac founded Casedieu abbey in [1135] and that he and his wife Marie exchanged property with “Pierre de Gavaret” at Auch in 1142[790]. m MARIE, daughter of --- (-after 1142). Père Anselme states that Guillaume de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac and his wife Marie exchanged property with “Pierre de Gavaret” at Auch in 1142, with the consent of his son Bernard[791]. Guillaume & his wife had two children:

i) BERNARD (-after Mar 1182). Père Anselme states that Guillaume de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac and his wife Marie exchanged property with “Pierre de Gavaret” at Auch in 1142, with the consent of his son Bernard[792]. Comte de Pardiac. Père Anselme states that Bernard de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac donation property “proche le château de Montleon et d’un bois nommé Psautier”, with the consent of his wife and children, to an unspecified institution by charter dated Mar 1182[793]. Anselme names Amélie as Bernard’s wife, and his children “Oger Comte de Pardiac, Raymond, Arnaud, Bernard, Amélie, Marie” but it is unclear whether all these individuals are named in the charter dated Mar 1182. This appears to be inconsistent with the suggestion made by Jaurgain, noted below in Part B, about the descent of the later comtes de Pardiac.

ii) BOHEMOND . The Genealogica Comitum Guasconiæ names "Boamundum" as the son of "Guillelmus"[794]. Comte de Pardiac.

d) AYMERIC (-after 29 Dec 1088). "Odgerius comes…Pardiniacensi" donated the church of Saint-Christaud to Sainte-Marie d’Auch, with the consent of "filiorum meorum…Urseti, Arnaldi, Vuilelmi, Aimerici", by charter dated 29 Dec 1088[795].

B. COMTES de PARDIAC (SEIGNEURS de MONTLEZUN)

1. ARNAUD Guillaume de Montlezun (-after [1175]). A charter dated to [1175] records that "B. de Castellobajaco, filius Arnaldi-Raimundi" accepted land from the monastery of Saint-Pé and that later "A. Willermi Montisleduni, qui de eadem prosapia ducebat originem" reached agreement with the abbot concerning the same land[796]. same person as...? ARNAUD Guillaume de Montlezun (-after 7 Apr 1204). [Comte de Pardiac.] Père Anselme states that “Arnaud-Guilhem de Montlezun comte de Pardiac” held the county of Pardiac on 7 Apr 1204 but does not specify the primary source which names him on that date[797].

2. AUGER de Montlezun (-after [1200]). Jaurgain suggests that he was the son of Arnaud Guillaume [I] Seigneur de Montlezun and his wife, a daughter of Bohémond Comte de Pardiac[798]. Comte de Pardiac [1200]. Père Anselme notes that “Oger de Montlezun comte de Pardiac”, whom he says was the son of Bernard Comte de Pardiac (see above Part A), was alive in 1200 but does not specify the primary source which names him on that date[799].

Two brothers:

1. ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun (-after [May] 1275). Comte de Pardiac. Père Anselme states that “Arnaud-Guilhem de Montlezun comte de Pardiac” donated property to Berdoues abbey, with the consent of his brother “Bernadat de Montlezun”, by charter dated 1255[800]. "Arnaldus Guillelmus de Monte-Lugduno…comes Pardiniacenses" signed a charter dated "die lunæ post festum Beati Mathæi apostoli" 1270 relating to the abbey of Case-Dieu[801]. Père Anselme states that “Arnaud-Guilhem de Montlezun comte de Pardiac” confirmed the donations of his predecessors to Case-Dieu abbey by charter dated “le mardy avant la Pentecoste 1275”[802]. m ---. The name of Arnaud’s wife is not known. Arnaud Guillaume & his wife had one child:

a) ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun (-after 1300). Comte de Pardiac. Père Anselme states that “Arnaud-Guilhem de Montlezun comte de Pardiac” swore homage to Philippe III King of France in Jul 1275, which suggests that he had recently succeeded to the county[803]. "Arnaldus Guilhelmus de Montelugduno…comes Pardiaci" confirmed the privileges of the county of Pardiac by charter dated "die lunæ post octavum Paschæ Domini" 1300[804]. A charter dated 1300 records disputes between "Arnaldum Guilhelmum de Montelugduno…comitem Pardiaci et Arnaldum Guilhelmum eius filium" on the one part and "nobiles vires dominum Bernardum de Samazano militem…" and others on the other part concerning the privileges of the county of Pardiac and the settlement which was agreed between the parties[805]. m ---. The name of Arnaud’s wife is not known. Arnaud Guillaume & his wife had one child:

i) ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun . A charter dated 1300 records disputes between "Arnaldum Guilhelmum de Montelugduno…comitem Pardiaci et Arnaldum Guilhelmum eius filium" on the one part and "nobiles vires dominum Bernardum de Samazano militem…" and others on the other part concerning the privileges of the county of Pardiac and the settlement which was agreed between the parties[806]. Comte de Pardiac. m ---. The name of Arnaud’s wife is not known. Arnaud Guillaume & his wife had one child:

(1) MABILE . The marriage contract between "dominus Arnaldus Guillelmus de Montelugduno comes Pardiaci…Mabiliam filiam suam" and "Arnaldo Guillelmi de Barbazano…domino de Barbazano" is dated 18 Jul 1326, witnessed by "…nobilis vir Geraldus de Montelugduno…"[807]. m (contract 18 Jul 1326) ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Barbazan, son of ---.

2. BERNARD de Montlezun (-after 1255). Père Anselme states that “Arnaud-Guilhem de Montlezun comte de Pardiac” donated property to Berdoues abbey, with the consent of his brother “Bernadat de Montlezun”, by charter dated 1255[808]. Anselme suggests that Bernard was ancestor of the “seigneurs de Monstastruc” about whom he provides no details.

Two siblings:

1. ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun (-16 Aug 1379). Comte de Pardiac. "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelezuno comes Pardiaci" swore allegiance to Charles V King of France by charter dated 2 Jul 1367[809]. Père Anselme states that Arnaud Guillaume, under his testament dated 12 Aug 1369 [error for 1379?], appointed his son Jean as his heir, with as substitute “le posthume qui naîtroit masle ou femelle”[810]. m firstly COMTESSE de Durfort, daughter of BERNARD de Durfort Seigneur de Flamarens & his wife Regine de Goth (-before 4 Nov 1349). Père Anselme names “Constance de Durfort” as first wife of Arnaud Guillaume de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac (without naming her parents), adding that her husband transported her to one of his castles and “l’y fit garder si étroitement qu’elle en mourut, dont il obtint remission le 4 novembre 1349”[811]. Her parentage is indicated by the testament of her husband, dated 1369, which ordered “le lieu de Flamarens” to be returned to Jean Comte d’Armagnac, providing ”les héritiers d’Indie de Durfort” with the option to purchase at a fixed price[812]. [m secondly LEONOR de Peralta, daughter of ---. Père Anselme names “Eleonore de Peralta dame Arragonnoise” as second wife of Arnaud Guillaume de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac and mother of his children (without naming her parents), but cites no primary source which confirms this information[813]. The primary source which confirms this information has not been identified.] m [thirdly] MABILE d’Albret, daughter of AMANIEU d’Albret & his wife Amabille d’Escoussins de Langoiran (after 1346-after 19 Jan 1380). "Mabilla de Labrito olim comitissa comitatus…Pardiaci et nobilis Bernardus Athonis de Montelugduno", executors of "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelugduno…comes Pardiaci", granted Marciac et Beaumarchez to "dominum Geraldum de Armaniaco…comitem Pardiaci et dominum baroniarum Viranesii et Ordanesii et dominam Annam de Montelugduno…comitissam Pardiaci et dominarum baroniarum prædictarum" by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.), witnessed by "nobiles Geraldus de Montelugduno dominus de la Barana…"[814]. Arnaud Guillaume & his [second] wife had two children:

a) JEAN de Montlezun (-after 12 Aug 1379). Père Anselme states that Arnaud Guillaume, under his testament dated 12 Aug 1369 [error for 1379?], appointed his son Jean as his heir, with as substitute “le posthume qui naîtroit masle ou femelle”[815].

b) ANNE de Montlezun ). "Geralda de Montelugduno domina terræ feodi Marchonis, Mabilla de Labrito olim comitissa comitatus…Pardiaci et nobilis Bernardus Athonis de Montelugduno", executors of "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelugduno…comes Pardiaci", granted Marciac et Beaumarchez to "dominum Geraldum de Armaniaco…comitem Pardiaci et dominum baroniarum Viranesii et Ordanesii et dominam Annam de Montelugduno…comitissam Pardiaci et dominarum baroniarum prædictarum" by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.)[816]. m (contract 19 Jan 1380) GERAUD Vicomte de Fézenzaguet, son of JEAN d’Armagnac Vicomte de Fézenzaguet & his wife Marguerite de Carmaing (-Rodelle en Rouergue [1403]). He succeeded as Comte de Pardiac.

2. GERAUDE de Montlezun (-after 19 Jan 1380). Père Anselme states that “Geraude de Montlezun”, wife of “Jean de Loumagne seigneur de Fiefmarcon”, was executor of the testament of her brother and as such transferred “la possession des seigneuries de Marciac et de Beaumarchez” to “Geraud d’Armagnac vicomte de Fezensaguet”, until he was paid the dowry promised on his marriage to “Anne de Monlezun”, by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.)[817]. As noted above, the document names "Geralda de Montelugduno domina terræ feodi Marchonis" as one of the executors but does not specify her parentage or name her husband[818]. m JEAN de Lomagne Seigneur de Firmaçon, son of ---.

The relationship between the following person and the main Montlezun/Pardiac family has not been ascertained.

1. BERNARD ATHON de Montlezun (-after 19 Jan 1380). "Geralda de Montelugduno domina terræ feodi Marchonis, Mabilla de Labrito olim comitissa comitatus…Pardiaci et nobilis Bernardus Athonis de Montelugduno", executors of "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelugduno…comes Pardiaci", granted Marciac et Beaumarchez to "dominum Geraldum de Armaniaco…comitem Pardiaci et dominum baroniarum Viranesii et Ordanesii et dominam Annam de Montelugduno…comitissam Pardiaci et dominarum baroniarum prædictarum" by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.)[819].

[1] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 31, p. 250.

[2] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[3] Monlezun (1846), Tome I, p. 368.

[4] Jaurgain (1902), p. 143, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 47.

[5] Jaurgain (1902), p. 134, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 77 v^o.-79 v^o..

[6] Jaurgain (1902), p. 143, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 47.

[7] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[8] Ex Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis, RHGF, Tome XI, p. 395.

[9] Saint-Mont 5, p. 11.

[10] ES III 569.

[11] Jaurgain (1898), p. 263.

[12] Ex Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis, RHGF, Tome XI, p. 395.

[13] Jaurgain (1902), p. 144, which details the couple’s children in footnote 4.

[14] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[15] Jaurgain (1898), p. 245.

[16] Saint-Mont 42, p. 65.

[17] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[18] Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (Béarn), p. 280, n. IV.

[19] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[20] Jaurgain (1902), p. 145.

[21] Cluny, Tome IV, 2990, p. 188.

[22] Saint-Mont 42, p. 65.

[23] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[24] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[25] Cluny, Tome IV, 2990, p. 188.

[26] Cluny, Tome IV, 2990, p. 188.

[27] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[28] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[29] Saint-Mont 87, 33, p. 131.

[30] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 411.

[31] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 411.

[32] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[33] ES III 570.

[34] Saint-Mont 5, p. 11.

[35] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[36] Cluny, Tome IV, 2990, p. 188.

[37] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[38] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[39] Saint-Mont 10, p. 23.

[40] Saint-Mont 30, p. 48.

[41] Saint-Mont 31, p. 50.

[42] Saint-Mont 88, p. 136.

[43] Saint-Mont 33, p. 54.

[44] Saint-Mont 87, 28, p. 130.

[45] Saint-Mont 24, p. 41.

[46] Jaurgain (1902), p. 147.

[47] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[48] Saint-Mont 83, p. 112.

[49] Saint-Mont 21, p. 37.

[50] Réole Saint-Pierre, LXXXVIII, p. 129.

[51] Jaurgain (1902), p. 151, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 41 v^o.

[52] Saint-Mont 9, p. 22.

[53] Saint-Mont 16, p. 31.

[54] Tulle Saint-Martin, 513, p. 275.

[55] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[56] Saint-Mont 21, p. 37.

[57] Saint-Mont 16, p. 31.

[58] Jaurgain (1902), p. 151, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 41 v^o.

[59] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[60] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 120 v^o.-122v^o.

[61] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152.

[62] ES III.3 569.

[63] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 412.

[64] Gimont, LXVII, p. 241.

[65] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 120 v^o.-122v^o.

[66] Jaurgain (1902), p. 154, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 181.

[67] Jaurgain (1902), p. 155, quoting Oïhenart Notitia, p. 493.

[68] Jaurgain (1902), p. 154, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 181.

[69] Rotuli Litterarum Patentium, 3 John, p. 11.

[70] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 23 and 155, quoting Histoire générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, col. 504-6.

[71] Rotuli Litterarum Patentium, 3 John, p. 11.

[72] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 412.

[73] ES III.3 570.

[74] Jaurgain (1902), p. 155, quoting Oïhenart Notitia, p. 493.

[75] Jaurgain (1902), p. 151, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 41 v^o.

[76] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152, quoting Oïhenart Notitia, p. 493, and Brugeles (1736), p. 518.

[77] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 412.

[78] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152, quoting Oïhenart Notitia, p. 493, and Brugeles (1736), p. 518.

[79] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 412.

[80] Jaurgain (1902), p. 151, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 41 v^o.

[81] Saint-Mont 84, p. 113.

[82] ES III.3 570.

[83] Père Anselme, Tome III, pp. 412-3.

[84] ES III.3 570.

[85] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 29-30.

[86] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 30-1, quoting Cartulaire de Grandselve, no. 70.

[87] ES III.3 570.

[88] Gimont, LXVII, p. 241.

[89] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 32-3, quoting Bibl. Nat. Collection Doat, vol. 78, fo. 254.

[90] Jaurgain (1902), p. 30.

[91] Jaurgain (1902), p. 30, quoting Bibl. Nat. Collection Doat, vol. 78, fo. 109.

[92] Gimont, LXXVII, p. 247.

[93] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, LXXXIII, p. 598.

[94] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, LXXXVII, p. 601.

[95] Jaurgain (1902), p. 32, footnote 2, quoting Brugeles (1736), p. 520.

[96] Jaurgain (1902), p. 32, quoting ‘Nécrologe de Saint-Mont’.

[97] ES III.3 570.

[98] ES III.3 570.

[99] ES III.3 570.

[100] ES III.3 570.

[101] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 412.

[102] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 32-3, quoting Bibl. Nat. Collection Doat, vol. 78, fo. 316.

[103] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, LXXXVII, p. 601.

[104] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[105] Père Anselme, Tome VI, p. 207.

[106] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 413.

[107] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[108] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[109] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[110] ES III 573.

[111] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[112] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[113] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[114] Marca (Béarn), Livre 8, V, pp. 778-9 (no primary source citation).

[115] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 413.

[116] Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing “Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du Séminaire”.

[117] Jaurgain (1902), p. 34, quoting Bibl. Nat. Collection Doat, vol. 78, fo. 254.

[118] Jaurgain (1902), p. 35, quoting Oïhenart, vol. ms. de M. l’Abbé de Carsalade, f^o. 147 v^o 140.

[119] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, IV, "Chronique tirée d’un ancien manuscrit de l’Abbaye de Berdoüez, au diocèse d’Auch", p. 532.

[120] Veterum Scriptorum, TomeI, col. 1407.

[121] Merlet ‘Procès comté de Bigorre’ (1857), Pièces Justificatives, XIV, p. 322, quoting Cartulaire de Bigorre, ch. 36.

[122] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[123] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1393.

[124] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 46.

[125] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1389.

[126] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1393.

[127] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[128] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[129] Coll. Périgord, Vol. 54, fol. 49, citing Archives du Vatican, reg. de Boniface 8 an. II et III, coté 48 n^o. 39 et n^o. 179. [J.-C. Chuat]

[130] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[131] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 414.

[132] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[133] Père Anselme, Tome III, pp. 414-15.

[134] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 415.

[135] Père Anselme, Tome III, pp. 414-15.

[136] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[137] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, pp. 1-19.

[138] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1393.

[139] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[140] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[141] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1389.

[142] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 547.

[143] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.

[144] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[145] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.

[146] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[147] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 11.

[148] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.

[149] Barrois (2004), footnote 22, citing Archives départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E. 237, Inventaire des archives de la maison d’Armagnac deposes dans la tour du château de Vic-Fezensac, fol. 122v, n. 421.

[150] Père Anselme, Tome IX, p. 383, citing “un registre de la Chambre des Comptes intitulé des Dons de Charles le Bel et de Philippes de Valois”.

[151] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[152] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[153] Baluze (1693), Tome II, LXIX, col. 460.

[154] Barrois (2004), footnote 90, citing Bibliothèque nationale, Collection Doat 247, Affaires des vicomtés de Lomagne et d’Auvillars, f^o. 196.

[155] Baluze (1693), Tome II, LXX, col. 462.

[156] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[157] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[158] Date of will.

[159] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce I, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 182-186v.

[160] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce II, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 192.

[161] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 186.

[162] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[163] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce VII, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 294-299.

[164] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[165] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[166] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce VII, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 294-299.

[167] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[168] Archives départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E. 629 (1350-1359). [J.-C. Chuat]

[169] Archives départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E. 629 (1366-1369). [J.-C. Chuat]

[170] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[171] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[172] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 420.

[173] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 242.

[174] Monlezun Histoire de Gascogne, Tome VI, p. 354.

[175] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 420.

[176] Clary & Bodin (1912), p. 108.

[177] Clary & Bodin (1912), p. 110.

[178] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 422.

[179] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 420.

[180] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 765.

[181] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[182] Annales Mediolanenses, Cap. CXLIV, RIS, Tome XVI, col. 775.

[183] Documenti Diplomatici Milanesi, Vol. I, CLXIV, p. 227.

[184] Chronicon Placentinum, RIS, Tome XVI, col. 544.

[185] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome VII, Preuves, XCI, p. 573.

[186] Esquerrier, p. 61.

[187] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[188] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[189] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce VII, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 294-299.

[190] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, no. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, fol. 272-301v.

[191] Père Anselme, Tome I, p. 107.

[192] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.

[193] Zurita (1668), Tome II, lib. X, XVI, fol. 363 (first page).

[194] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[195] Bofarull ‘Generación de Juan I de Aragón’ (1898), p. 336, Carta Núm. 36.

[196] Bofarull ‘Generación de Juan I de Aragón’ (1898), p. 301 (no sources cited).

[197] Bisson (1986), p. 121.

[198] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 415.

[199] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 f^o. 296-337.

[200] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce XVII, citing Archives nationales Trésor des Chartes J 777, n^o. 9 and Bibliothèque nationale, n.a. fr. 7280, f^o. 272-301v.

[201] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 17.

[202] L’Auvergne Historique, Littéraire et Artistique, 2e série (1897), La ville de Murat, Inventaire de Titres, p. 211.

[203] L’Auvergne Historique, Littéraire et Artistique, 2e série (1897), La ville de Murat, Inventaire de Titres, p. 198.

[204] Bonald (1909), p. 5.

[205] Vallet de Viriville (1859), Fragments de la Geste des Nobles François, Chap. 108, p. 130.

[206] Documents Carlat, Tome I, CLXXXVII, p. 449.

[207] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5212, p. 225.

[208] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.

[209] When she wrote her will.

[210] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.

[211] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 1, p. 363.

[212] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 22.

[213] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 422.

[214] Bonald (1909), p. 23.

[215] Bonald (1909), p. 23.

[216] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 323.

[217] Morice (1742), Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 116.

[218] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 1, p. 363.

[219] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.

[220] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 423, citing “Bibl. du Roy”.

[221] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.

[222] ES III.3 571.

[223] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 341, footnote 3 quoting ‘Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, C 1362, reg. non folioté’.

[224] Lobineau (1707), Tome I, CXVI, p. 633, citing “Traité avec le Comte d’Armagnac” with three abbreviated references.

[225] Vallet de Viriville (1858), Tome II, Chap. 185, p. 110.

[226] Fresne de Beaucourt (1863), Tome II, Chap. CXXXII, p. 290.

[227] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 20, p. 388.

[228] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 423.

[229] Chronique scandaleuse (1611), p. 245.

[230] Zurita, Tome IV, Libro XX, XXVIII, fol. 302v.

[231] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 423, citing “Armagnac mariages”.

[232] Courteault (Leseur), Tome I (1893), Introduction, p. i.

[233] Courteault (Leseur), Tome II (1896), XVIII, pp. 251-2.

[234] Samaran (1908), p. 162.

[235] Samaran (1908), pp. 222, footnote 1, and 344-5.

[236] Carbonell ‘De exequis sepultura et infirmitate Regis Joannis secundi…’ (1864), p. 216.

[237] La Perrière (1539), fo. lxxv.

[238] Bertrandi Helie Appamiensis (1540), fol. 87.

[239] Oihénart (1638), p. 554.

[240] Fresne de Beaucourt (1863), Tome II, Chap. CXXXII, p. 290.

[241] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424, citing “archives de Rodez”.

[242] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 20, p. 388.

[243] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 20, p. 388.

[244] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), p. 140.

[245] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), pp. 147, 171, 172, 177.

[246] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, pp. 350-1, quoting ‘Arch. Nat X^IA 8327, fol. 174 v-175 r’.

[247] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 350, quoting ‘Information touchant les lettres de légitimation de Pierre bastard d’Armagnac, Bibl. Nat. coll. Duchesne, vol. 117, fol. 155 r â 156 v, orig. pap.’.

[248] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 351, citing ‘Arch. Nat J 854, no. 10, copie XVI siècle’.

[249] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 351, footnote 3 quoting ‘Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, E 1058, fol. 174 r-175 r, et 205 r et v’.

[250] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424, citing “archives de Rodez”.

[251] ES III.3 571.

[252] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), p. 140.

[253] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[254] ES III.3 571.

[255] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 347, citing ‘Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, E 249, papier: cf. Bibl. Nat., coll. Doat, vol. 227, fol. 233-237’.

[256] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 347, citing ‘Cautions fournies par lui à ce sujet: Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, E 897, d’après l’inventaire’.

[257] ES III.3 571.

[258] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), p. 140.

[259] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), p. 140.

[260] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 348, citing ‘Arch. dép. de Tarn-et-Garonne, A 61, liasse’.

[261] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 349, footnote 1, quoting ‘Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, C 1245’.

[262] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[263] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 350, citing ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4858, fol. 300, 19 Mar’, and ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4858, fol. 274 r, 13 Mar; Arch. Nat. X^IA 4859, fol. 124 r, 5 Jun’ respectively.

[264] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 350, citing ‘Information touchant les lettres de légitimation de Pierre bastard d’Armagnac, Bibl. Nat. coll. Duchesne, vol. 117, fol. 155 r â 156 v, orig. pap.’.

[265] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 351, footnote 3 quoting ‘Arch. dép. de l’Aveyron, E 1058, fol. 174 r-175 r, et 205 r et v’.

[266] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[267] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 355, citing ‘Bibl. Nat. nouv. acq. fr. 9651, p. 103 (papiers de Lancelot)’.

[268] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425, and Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 356, citing ‘Bibl. Nat. nouv. acq. fr. 9863 (papiers de Lancelot), fol. 155-6’.

[269] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[270] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 350, citing ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4858, fol. 274 r, 13 Mar; Arch. Nat. X^IA 4859, fol. 124 r, 5 Jun’.

[271] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 354, quoting ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4859, fol. 297 v à 303 v; 26 juillet 1515’.

[272] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 426.

[273] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[274] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 426.

[275] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424.

[276] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 8, p. 373.

[277] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424.

[278] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[279] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424.

[280] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 56, p. 445.

[281] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 62, p. 457.

[282] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424.

[283] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[284] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[285] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 383, and Tome III, p. 424.

[286] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 358, citing ‘Arch. dép. de la Haute-Garonne, B 14, fol. 438’.

[287] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[288] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[289] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 358.

[290] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[291] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[292] Samaran (1908), Appendice III, p. 350, citing ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4858, fol. 300, 19 Mar’, and ‘Arch. Nat. X^IA 4858, fol. 274 r, 13 Mar; Arch. Nat. X^IA 4859, fol. 124 r, 5 Jun’ respectively.

[293] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 425.

[294] Carsalade ‘La famille du cardinal d’Armagnac’ (1893), p. 451.

[295] Carsalade ‘La famille du cardinal d’Armagnac’ (1893), p. 454.

[296] Carsalade ‘La famille du cardinal d’Armagnac’ (1893), p. 452.

[297] Carsalade ‘La famille du cardinal d’Armagnac’ (1893), p. 454.

[298] Bonal (1885), p. 710.

[299] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 426.

[300] Carsalade ‘La famille du cardinal d’Armagnac’ (1893), p. 454.

[301] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424.

[302] Fresne de Beaucourt (1863), Tome II, Chap. CXXXII, p. 290.

[303] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 424, citing “archives de Rodez”.

[304] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 22, p. 393.

[305] Samaran (1908), Pièces justificatives, 20, p. 388.

[306] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 332.

[307] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), p. 140.

[308] Samaran ‘Isabelle d’Armagnac’ (1907), pp. 147, 171, 172, 177.

[309] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 422.

[310] ES III.3 571.

[311] Documents Carlat, Tome I, CLXXXVII, p. 449.

[312] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.

[313] ES III.3 571.

[314] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 422.

[315] ES III.3 571.

[316] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 422.

[317] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[318] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[319] Saint-Mont 87, 30, p. 131.

[320] Saint-Mont 18, p. 34.

[321] Saint-Mont 73, p. 98.

[322] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[323] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[324] Saint-Mont 75, p. 102.

[325] Saint-Mont 80, p. 110.

[326] Saint-Mont 58, p. 83.

[327] Saint-Mont 81, p. 111.

[328] Saint-Mont 81, p. 111.

[329] Saint-Mont 81, p. 111.

[330] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[331] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[332] Saint-Mont 75, p. 102.

[333] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[334] Saint-Mont 7, p. 14.

[335] Saint-Mont 73, p. 98.

[336] Saint-Mont 75, p. 102.

[337] Saint-Mont 87, 28, p. 130.

[338] Saint-Mont 87, 35, p. 132.

[339] Saint-Mont 24, p. 41.

[340] Saint-Mont 74, p. 101.

[341] Saint-Mont 87, 29, p. 130.

[342] Saint-Mont 87, 36, p. 132.

[343] Saint-Mont 75, p. 102.

[344] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 46.

[345] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1389.

[346] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1393.

[347] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1407.

[348] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 547.

[349] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 550.

[350] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 556.

[351] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 432.

[352] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 432.

[353] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 432.

[354] Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pièce IV, citing Bibliothèque nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.

[355] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 891, citing “Bibl. Colb., titres concernant les maisons de Foix, Armagnac, Rodez, Albret, Navarre etc, tome 28, depuis 1337 jusqu’en 1361, fol. 127 à 151”.

[356] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 433.

[357] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 4868, p. 183.

[358] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 4868, p. 183.

[359] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434.

[360] Durrieu ‘Armagnac-Fezensaguet’ (1883), I, p. 7.

[361] Durrieu ‘Armagnac-Fezensaguet’ (1883), III, pp. 10-33.

[362] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.

[363] Durrieu ‘Armagnac-Fezensaguet’ (1883), II, p. 8.

[364] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434.

[365] Durrieu ‘Armagnac-Fezensaguet’ (1883), IX, p. 40.

[366] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 435.

[367] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 354.

[368] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434.

[369] Durrieu ‘Armagnac-Fezensaguet’ (1883), IX, p. 40.

[370] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 4868, p. 183.

[371] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434.

[372] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 4868, p. 183.

[373] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434, Tome IV, p. 26.

[374] Huillard-Bréholles (1874), Tome II, 4868, p. 183.

[375] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 434.

[376] Noulens ‘Branche mâle d’Armagnac Pardaillon’ (1867), pp. 533-40, extinct in the male line after 5 Aug 1522.

[377] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 11.

[378] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 644.

[379] Bourdès ‘Bruniquel de Quercy’ (1913), pp. 144-5, no citation reference.

[380] Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, V, p. xviii.

[381] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, Chartes et Diplômes, 252.II, col. 503.

[382] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, Chartes et Diplômes, 252.I, col. 502.

[383] Vita Sancti Bertrandi episcopi Convenis, I, 1, Acta Sanctorum, 10 Oct, Tome 7, p. 1173.

[384] Vita Sancti Bertrandi episcopi Convenis, I, 10, Acta Sanctorum, 10 Oct, Tome 7, p. 1175.

[385] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome III, p. 294.

[386] Père Anselme, Tome II, pp. 683 and 703.

[387] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome III, p. 295.

[388] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome IV, p. 373.

[389] Catel (1623), p. 111.

[390] Vita Sancti Bertrandi episcopi Convenis, I, 1, Acta Sanctorum, 10 Oct, Tome 7, p. 1173.

[391] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome IV, pp. 373-4.

[392] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[393] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[394] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[395] Gimont, XC, p. 298.

[396] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[397] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XIII, p. 540.

[398] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[399] Arch. municip. Toulouse, AA1/70. [J.-C. Chuat]

[400] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIII, p. 552.

[401] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[402] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIII, p. 553.

[403] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, 373.III, col. 1147. See also Palauqui (1911). Vidal, J.-M. (1911/2001) Esclarmonde de Foix dans l'histoire et le roman (Toulouse/Nîmes). [J.-C. Chuat]

[404] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[405] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[406] Bibl. nat. Fr., D. Manuscrits, Coll. Doat, vol. 22, f° 1-106, containing extracts from the proceedings of Inquisitors Bernard de Caux and Jean de Saint-Pierre. Also available at http://jean.duvernoy.free.fr/text/pdf/bdecaux.pdf (20 Nov 2006). [J.-C. Chuat]

[407] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[408] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XIII, p. 540.

[409] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[410] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 120, col. 500.

[411] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[412] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.II, col. 1405.

[413] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.III, col. 1405.

[414] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[415] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[416] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.III, col. 1405.

[417] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[418] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[419] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[420] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[421] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.I, col. 1404.

[422] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.III, col. 1405.

[423] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[424] Gimont, XLI, p. 26.

[425] Gimont, XXI bis, p. 103.

[426] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[427] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[428] Gimont, LXXIII, p. 47.

[429] Gimont, LXXVIII, p. 292.

[430] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[431] Gimont, LXXIII, p. 47.

[432] Gimont, LXXVIII, p. 292.

[433] Gimont, LXXVIII, p. 292.

[434] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[435] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[436] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[437] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[438] Gimont, CLXXVIII, p. 181.

[439] Gimont, XVIII, p. 12.

[440] Gimont, XVII, p. 10.

[441] Gimont, CLXXVIII, p. 181.

[442] Gimont, XVII, p. 10.

[443] Gimont, XVIII, p. 12.

[444] Gimont, CLXXVIII, p. 181.

[445] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome IV, Preuves, CLII, p. 471.

[446] Gimont, CXXXII, p. 82.

[447] Gimont, CXIV, p. 72.

[448] Gimont, LXXIV, p. 129.

[449] Gimont, CXXXII, p. 82.

[450] Gimont, CXIV, p. 72.

[451] Gimont, LXXIV, p. 129.

[452] Gimont, CXXXII, p. 82.

[453] Gimont, LXXIV, p. 129.

[454] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[455] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, CXVIII, p. 627.

[456] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XXXIV, p. 554.

[457] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 120, col. 500.

[458] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, LXXXIII, p. 598.

[459] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[460] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 528.

[461] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XL, p. 559.

[462] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XL, p. 559.

[463] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XL, p. 559.

[464] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XL, p. 559.

[465] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[466] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[467] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 528.

[468] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[469] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 704.

[470] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 528.

[471] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 528.

[472] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 704.

[473] Père Anselme, Tome II, pp. 704-5.

[474] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.III, col. 1405.

[475] ES XIV 4.

[476] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 473.II, col. 1434.

[477] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.VIII, col. 1407.

[478] Furgeot (1920), 589, p. 111.

[479] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[480] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[481] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 765.

[482] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[483] Furgeot (1920), 589, p. 111.

[484] Duchesne (Valentinois), Preuves, p. 31.

[485] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[486] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[487] Furgeot (1920), 589, p. 111.

[488] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[489] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[490] Furgeot (1920), 589, p. 111.

[491] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.V, col. 1406.

[492] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.VI, col. 1407.

[493] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[494] Père Anselme, Tome II, pp. 704-5.

[495] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.V, col. 1406.

[496] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.VI, col. 1407.

[497] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.VII, col. 1407.

[498] Cabié & Mazens (1882), p. 61.

[499] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.IX, col. 1408.

[500] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[501] Cabié & Mazens (1882), p. 61.

[502] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[503] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.IX, col. 1408.

[504] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 464.VII, col. 1407.

[505] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 535, col. 1695.

[506] RHGF, Tome XXI, Fragmenta Bernardi Guidonis de Ordine Prædicatorum, p. 753.

[507] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, XCIX, p. 612.

[508] Cabié & Mazens (1882), p. 61.

[509] ES X 121.

[510] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 724, citing “Memoires pour l’histoire de Languedoc” (no precise citation reference).

[511] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 706.

[512] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[513] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[514] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[515] RHGF, Tome XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 654.

[516] RHGF, Tome XXI, Continuation anonyme de la Chronique de Jean de S. Victor, p. 680.

[517] NNDB <http://www.nndb.com/people/528/000095243/> (18 Sep 2009).

[518] Rymer (1745), Tome II, Pars II, p. 86.

[519] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[520] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 155.

[521] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 155.

[522] Rymer (1745), Tome II, Pars II, p. 151.

[523] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 155.

[524] Bibl. nat. Fr., D. Man., Coll. Doat according to Piccard (1911), Gardeau (1961). [J.-C. Chuat]

[525] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[526] Rymer (1745), Tome II, Pars II, p. 86.

[527] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 707.

[528] Archives du Vatican, Introitus et Exitus Camere apostolice Avinione, N^o. 17, 14 Aug 1317-11 Aug 1318, fo. 37r, information sent by Jean Bunot by email 1 Oct 2022.

[529] Père Anselme, Tome II, pp. 707-8.

[530] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 708.

[531] ES XIV 85.

[532] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 709.

[533] Justel (1645) Turenne, Preuves, p. 86.

[534] Justel (1645) Turenne, Preuves, p. 81.

[535] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 709.

[536] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 193.

[537] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 709.

[538] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 709.

[539] Justel (1645), Preuves, p. 81.

[540] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 242.

[541] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 707.

[542] Père Anselme, Tome II, pp. 710-11.

[543] ES X 121.

[544] Père Anselme, Tome IX, p. 383.

[545] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[546] Père Anselme, Tome IX, p. 383.

[547] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 530.

[548] Père Anselme, Tome IX, p. 383.

[549] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[550] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[551] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[552] ES XIV 89.

[553] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 706.

[554] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[555] Bourdès ‘Bruniquel de Quercy’ (1913), p. 230, no citation reference.

[556] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[557] Justel (1645), Turenne, Preuves, p. 80.

[558] Justel (1645), Turenne, Preuves, p. 73.

[559] Justel (1645), Turenne, Preuves, p. 81.

[560] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 707.

[561] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 708.

[562] Lecoy de la Marche (1874), Tome II, 4771, p. 172.

[563] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 18.

[564] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 18.

[565] Gimont, I, p. 203.

[566] Gimont, I, p. 203.

[567] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 28, p. 248.

[568] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[569] Cartulaire de Auch, quoted in Settipani (2004), p. 86.

[570] Jaurgain (1898), pp. 180 and 285-6, quoting Extrait des Archives de la Chambre des Comptes de Montpellier, ex ms. Berd, and Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la troisième partie, 81.

[571] Ex Historia Abbatiæ Condomensis, RHGF, Tome XI, p. 394.

[572] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 156-7, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 68.

[573] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 30, p. 249.

[574] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[575] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 156-7, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 68.

[576] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, pp. 35-6.

[577] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[578] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[579] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 30, p. 249.

[580] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 156-7, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 68.

[581] Jaurgain (1902), p. 156, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 36.

[582] Jaurgain (1902), p. 156.

[583] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 30, p. 249.

[584] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 156-7, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 68.

[585] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157.

[586] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[587] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157.

[588] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[589] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 37.

[590] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-Pé, Annuaire du Petit Séminaire de Saint-Pé (1887), p. 290.

[591] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[592] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[593] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[594] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[595] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[596] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 12, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[597] Jaurgain (1902), p. 162, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 38.

[598] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161-2, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 61.

[599] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[600] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[601] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[602] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 12, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[603] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[604] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[605] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[606] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-Pé, Annuaire du Petit Séminaire de Saint-Pé (1887), p. 290.

[607] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[608] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[609] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161-2, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 61.

[610] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 37.

[611] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[612] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[613] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161-2, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 61.

[614] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[615] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[616] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[617] Jaurgain (1902), p. 162, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 13.

[618] Jaurgain (1902), p. 163, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 171.

[619] Delaville le Roux (1881), p. 5.

[620] Jaurgain (1902), p. 163, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 171.

[621] Jaurgain (1902), p. 163, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 171.

[622] Jaurgain (1902), p. 163, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 171.

[623] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[624] Delaville le Roux (1881), p. 5.

[625] Jaurgain (1902), p. 163, quoting Oïhenart Notitia, p. 500.

[626] Berdoues, 92, p. 68.

[627] Jaurgain (1902), p. 164, quoting Cartulaire de Berdoues, Oïhenart, vol. ms. de M. l’Abbé de Carsalade, f^o. 258 v^o.

[628] Berdoues, 350, p. 237.

[629] Jaurgain (1902), p. 166, quoting Cartulaire de Bolauc, and Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 40.

[630] Jaurgain (1902), p. 164.

[631] Jaurgain (1902), p. 165, quoting Brugeles, D. de Chroniques d'Auch, Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 72.

[632] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 165-6, quoting Cartulaire de Bolauc, and Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 40.

[633] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[634] Berdoues, 92, p. 68.

[635] Jaurgain (1902), p. 164, quoting Cartulaire de Berdoues, Oïhenart, vol. ms. de M. l’Abbé de Carsalade, f^o. 258 v^o.

[636] Jaurgain (1902), p. 165, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 72.

[637] Berdoues, 94, p. 69.

[638] Berdoues, 268, p. 188.

[639] Jaurgain (1902), p. 164, quoting Cartulaire de Berdoues, Oïhenart, vol. ms. de M. l’Abbé de Carsalade, f^o. 258 v^o.

[640] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 165-6, quoting Cartulaire de Bolauc, and Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 40.

[641] Jaurgain (1902), p. 166, quoting Cartulaire de Bolauc, and Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 40.

[642] Berdoues, 87, p. 58, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 166.

[643] Jaurgain (1902), p. 167, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 150.

[644] Berdoues, 95, p. 71, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 167.

[645] Berdoues, 267, p. 187.

[646] Berdoues, 87, p. 58, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 166.

[647] Jaurgain (1902), p. 167, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 150.

[648] Berdoues, 87, p. 58, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 166.

[649] Jaurgain (1902), p. 167, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 150.

[650] Berdoues, 87, p. 58, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 166.

[651] Jaurgain (1902), p. 167, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 150.

[652] Berdoues, 98, p. 74, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 167.

[653] Berdoues, 100, p. 75, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 167.

[654] Gimont, LXXII, p. 343.

[655] Berdoues, 87, p. 58, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 166.

[656] Berdoues, 100, p. 75, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 167.

[657] Berdoues, 99, p. 75, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 167.

[658] Berdoues, 101, p. 75, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 168.

[659] Jaurgain (1902), p. 168, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 74.

[660] Berdoues, 595, p. 405.

[661] Berdoues, 267, p. 187.

[662] Berdoues, 595, p. 405.

[663] Jaurgain (1902), p. 168.

[664] Berdoues, 103, p. 76.

[665] Jaurgain (1902), p. 169, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 44.

[666] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, CXLIX, p. 656.

[667] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, CLXII, p. 667.

[668] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 336, and Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[669] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 577.

[670] Chronique de Guillaume de Puylaurens, Chap. XI, p. 45.

[671] Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[672] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 377, col. 1162.

[673] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 391, col. 1199.

[674] Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[675] Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[676] Jaurgain (1902), p. 171, quoting Cartulaire de Berdoues, f^os. 240 and 136.

[677] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome VIII, Preuves, Chartes, 377, col. 1162.

[678] Jaurgain (1902), p. 171, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 17.

[679] Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[680] Jaurgain (1902), p. 170, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 82.

[681] Berdoues, 450, p. 311.

[682] Jaurgain (1902), p. 172, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 22.

[683] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 7.

[684] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.

[685] Jaurgain (1902), p. 173, quoting Archives des Basses-Pyrénées, E. 17.

[686] Jaurgain (1902), p. 173, quoting Archives des Basses-Pyrénées, E. 17.

[687] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 369.

[688] Jaurgain (1902), p. 173, quoting Archives des Basses-Pyrénées, E. 17.

[689] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 705.

[690] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[691] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 2nd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, II, "Chronique tirée d’un manuscrit de MM. Sabbathier de la Bourgade, de Toulouse", p. 529.

[692] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 711.

[693] Rabanis ‘Florimont Sire de Lesparre’ (1845), p. 81 (no citation reference).

[694] Rabanis ‘Florimont Sire de Lesparre’ (1845), p. 152, footnote (10) citing ‘Arch. du Vatican’.

[695] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 365.

[696] Justel (1645) (Turenne), Preuves, p. 145.

[697] Bourdès ‘Bruniquel de Quercy’ (1913), pp. 147, no citation reference.

[698] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 379.

[699] Dubois ‘Titres de la maison d’Albret’, p. 161.

[700] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391.

[701] Jaurgain (1902), p. 133 quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 77 v^o.-79 v^o..

[702] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391.

[703] Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire, LXII, p. 153, charter headed "Acte suspect" in the compilation.

[704] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[705] Jaurgain (1902), p. 157.

[706] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 30, p. 249.

[707] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 156-7, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 68.

[708] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[709] Jaurgain (1902), p. 393, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 10.

[710] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[711] Jaurgain (1902), p. 392.

[712] Jaurgain (1898), p. 443, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum. pp. 194-5.

[713] Jaurgain (1902), p. 401.

[714] Jaurgain (1902), p. 391, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 9, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 166. It is also quoted in part in Settipani (2004), p. 144 footnote 3, quoting Cartulaire de Sainte-Marie de Simorre (no citation reference given).

[715] Jaurgain (1902), p. 412.

[716] Jaurgain (1902), p. 412, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum., p. 195.

[717] Jaurgain (1902), p. 412.

[718] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 418-28.

[719] Jaurgain (1898), p. 443, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum. pp. 194-5.

[720] Jaurgain (1902), p. 393, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 10.

[721] Jaurgain (1902), p. 393, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 10.

[722] Jaurgain (1902), p. 394, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 14.

[723] Jaurgain (1902), p. 395, quoting Cartulaire de Simorre, Oïhenart, f^o. 256 v^o.

[724] Jaurgain (1902), p. 396.

[725] Jaurgain (1902), p. 394, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 14.

[726] Jaurgain (1902), p. 395, quoting Cartulaire de Simorre, Oïhenart, f^o. 256 v^o.

[727] Jaurgain (1902), p. 394, quoting Bibl. nat., Latin 9189, Cartulaire de Lézat, fo. 15, vo, and Histoire générale de Languedoc (3rd Edn.) t. V, col. 441.

[728] Jaurgain (1902), p. 394 footnote 2.

[729] Jaurgain (1902), p. 396.

[730] Jaurgain (1902), p. 396.

[731] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 398-400, quoting Luchaire, M. A. (1881) Recueil de textes de l’ancien dialecte gascon, p. 14, corrected against a manuscript copy at Bordeaux.

[732] Jaurgain (1902), p. 400, quoting Cartulaire de Bigorre (copies de Bordeaux, f^o. 24 v^o, de Pau xv siècle f^o. 19 v^o.).

[733] Jaurgain (1902), p. 400, quoting Cartulaire de Bigorre (copies de Bordeaux, f^o. 25, de Pau xv siècle f^os. 10 v^o.-17).

[734] Jaurgain (1902), p. 400, quoting Cartulaire de Bigorre (copies de Bordeaux, f^o. 25, de Pau xv siècle f^os. 10 v^o.-17).

[735] Vita Hludowici Imperatoris 13, MGH SS II, p. 612.

[736] Vita Hludowici Imperatoris 13, MGH SS II, p. 612.

[737] Vita Hludowici Imperatoris 16, MGH SS II, p. 615.

[738] Lacarra 'Textos navarros del Códice de Roda' (1945) 31, p. 250.

[739] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[740] Monlezun (1846), Tome I, p. 368.

[741] Jaurgain (1902), p. 134, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 77 v^o.-79 v^o..

[742] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[743] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[744] Jaurgain (1902), p. 135, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 51.

[745] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[746] Jaurgain (1902), p. 135, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 51.

[747] Cluny, Tome IV, 3414, p. 523.

[748] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 136-7, citing Chérin (1784) Généalogie de la Maison de Montesquiou-Fezensac (Paris).

[749] Cluny, Tome IV, 3414, p. 523.

[750] Jaurgain (1902), p. 137, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 53.

[751] Jaurgain (1902), p. 135, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 74 v^o.

[752] Jaurgain (1902), p. 135, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 74 v^o.

[753] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[754] Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.

[755] Jaurgain (1902), p. 137, which does not quote the primary source on which this is based.

[756] Jaurgain (1902), p. 137, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 57 v^o.

[757] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[758] Cluny, Tome IV, 3414, p. 523.

[759] Cluny, Tome IV, 3630, p. 797.

[760] Jaurgain (1902), p. 139, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 53.

[761] Jaurgain (1902), p. 140, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 27 v^o.

[762] Jaurgain (1902), p. 141, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 55 v^o.

[763] Jaurgain (1902), p. 141, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 55 v^o.

[764] Jaurgain (1902), p. 141, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 82.

[765] Jaurgain (1902), p. 138.

[766] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[767] Jaurgain (1902), p. 139, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 53.

[768] Jaurgain (1902), p. 140, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 27 v^o.

[769] Réole Saint-Pierre LXXXVIII, p. 129.

[770] ES III 569.

[771] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[772] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^o. 120 v^o.-122v^o.

[773] Jaurgain (1902), p. 152.

[774] Cluny, Tome IV, 3414, p. 523.

[775] Jaurgain (1902), p. 141, quoting Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d’Auch, f^os. 55 v^o.

[776] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[777] Jaurgain (1902), p. 160, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 11, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 168.

[778] Jaurgain (1898), p. 443, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum. pp. 194-5.

[779] Jaurgain (1902), p. 158, quoting Brugeles (1736), Preuves de la seconde partie, p. 45, and Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr. p. 170.

[780] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-Pé, Annuaire du Petit Séminaire de Saint-Pé, 1881, p. 182.

[781] Jaurgain (1902), p. 161-2, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 61.

[782] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[783] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire Soricinii, L’Art de vérifier les dates, Tome IX, p. 353.

[784] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[785] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire Soricinii, L’Art de vérifier les dates, Tome IX, p. 353.

[786] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[787] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[788] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[789] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[790] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[791] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[792] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[793] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[794] Genealogia Comitum Guasconiæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.

[795] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[796] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-Pé, Annuaire du Petit Séminaire de Saint-Pé, 1887, p. 277.

[797] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[798] Jaurgain (1902), p. 159, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, f^o. 51.

[799] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[800] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[801] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 340.

[802] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[803] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[804] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 47.

[805] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 49.

[806] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 49.

[807] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 341.

[808] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[809] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 346.

[810] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[811] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[812] Père Anselme, Tome IX, p. 383.

[813] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[814] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.

[815] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[816] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.

[817] Père Anselme, Tome II, p. 627.

[818] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.

[819] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.