This document sets out the nobility in the western and northern parts of the duchy of Brittany, grouped together for convenience under Cornouailles, Penthièvre and Poher.

Chapter 1. CORNOUAÏLLE

A. COMTES de CORNOUAÏLLE

The county of Cornouaïlle was in western Brittany.

1. RIVALLON (-after 9 Jul 871). Comte de Cornouaïlle. "…Riuuelen comes, Pascuethen comes, Bran comes…Jedecael princeps Poucher…Moruuethen comes…Riuallon et Guigon filii Salomonis…" witnessed the charter dated 9 Jul 871 relating to a dispute involving the abbey of Redon[1]. A hymn to Saint Gwennolé records that "Cornubiæ rector…Riuelen" in the time of Salomon Duke of Brittany[2].

2. GURMHAILON (-after 25 Oct 913). Comte de Cornouaïlle. It appears that, after the death of Alain I Duke of Brittany in 907, power in Brittany was shared between the counts of Poher (Alain’s son-in-law), Vannes (Alain’s possible eldest son) and Cornouaïlle and that none of these was acknowledged as overall ruler. Gurmhailon must have had some pretensions to the duchy as the dating clause of the charter dated 27 Nov 910, quoted below, states that he was "regnante Britanniam". However, his success must have been short-lived as, in the charter dated 25 Oct 913 also quoted below, he signs as witness with the simple title "comes". "Tanchi comes…cum…filiolum suum Derian, filium Alani" donated property to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 27 Nov 910, "Gurmahilon regnante Britanniam"[3]. "Matuedoi comes" confirmed a donation of property "quod rex Alanus antea atque Euuen nepos eius Sancte Mariæ Bilique episcopo in monacho sempiterno dederat" to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 25 Oct 913, witnessed by "Gurmhailon comes, Deniel filius eius"[4]. Under a charter dated 10 Apr and 13 Aug 954 "clericus…stemate regalium ortus…Hepuuou filius Riuelen atque Ruantrec" recorded transactions made earlier "coram multis testibus Cornubiensibus nobilissimus: Uurmaelon comes Cornubiæ…", and further donations made “in castello Monsteriolo” witnessed by "Haelchodus comes, eiusque filius Herleuuinus…" [Helgaud Comte de Montreuil and his son Herluin][5]. m ---. The name of Gurmhailon's wife is not known. Gurmhailon & his wife had one child:

a) DENIEL (-after 25 Oct 913). "Matuedoi comes" confirmed a donation of property "quod rex Alanus antea atque Euuen nepos eius Sancte Mariæ Bilique episcopo in monacho sempiterno dederat" to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 25 Oct 913, witnessed by "Gurmhailon comes, Deniel filius eius"[6].

Two brothers:

1. BUDIC [Benedict], son of --- (-before 952). He is named Benedict in the source which names his son Periou (see below). Comte de Cornouaïlle. "Budic comes Cornubiensis" confirmed the possessions of Landevenec by undated charter[7]. "Budic comitis…Alfrett fratris comitis…" signed a donation to Landevenec by "mulier…stemate regalium orta…Iunargant" by undated charter dated to the mid-10th century[8]. "Budic comes" donated property to Landevenec by undated charter dated to the mid-10th century[9]. An undated charter, dated to [945/52], records the death and burial of "Budic…comes", witnessed by "Alan dux Britanniæ…Benedictus episcopus filius istius Budic…Euhuarn vicecomes…"[10]. m ---. The name of Budic's wife is not known. Budic & his wife had two children:

a) BENEDICT de Cornouaïlle (-1026). An undated charter, dated to [945/52], records the death and burial of "Budic…comes", witnessed by "Alan dux Britanniæ…Benedictus episcopus filius istius Budic…Euhuarn vicecomes…"[11]. Comte de Cornouaïlle. "Budic nobilis comes" donated property to Landévennec by an undated charter, witnessed by "Benedictus episcopus filius istius Budic"[12]. Bishop of Quimper . Tresvaux records that he was elected as Bishop of Quimper after the death of his wife, but does not date the event or cite the primary source on which it is based[13]. "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, with the consent of "Guiguoedon cum domino suo et filiis et militibus", later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[14]. "Benedictus comes et episcopus parcium Cornubiensium" donated property on his deathbed to Landévennec by an undated charter, witnessed by "Alanus comes"[15], presumably his son. m GUINODEON, daughter of ---. "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, with the consent of "Guiguoedon cum domino suo et filiis et militibus", by charter dated to [1022/38][16]. Benedict & his wife had six children:

i) ALLARUM . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m GUETHENOC Vicomte du château de Thro-en-Porhoët, son of --- (-1046).

ii) ALAIN "Caignart" (-4 Jun 1058, bur Church of Notre-Dame, next to Saint-Corentin). "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[17]. Comte de Cornouaïlle.

- see below.

iii) ORSCAND de Cornouaïlle (-13 Oct 1064). Bishop of Quimper 1022. Tresvaux records that he was elected as Bishop of Quimper in 1022, after his father resigned the bishopric, but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[18]. A charter dated 1029 records the property of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé with the consent of "Alano comite…et conjugem eius Judith, Orscando episcopo fratre comitis…Guethenoc et Guerec fratribus comitis…"[19]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1064 of "Orscandus episcopus Cornugallie"[20]. m ONVEN, son of RIVELEN & his wife ---. An undated charter records donations to Quimper, noting that "comes Alanus Caniart" extorted property "prius...propria S. Chorentini" from "fratre Orscando episcopo" so the latter could marry “filiam Rivelen de Craozon”[21]. "Onven filia Rivelen Benedicti præsulis mater" donated "villam…Kaer-Kenuz in plebe Treguent" to Quimper, as well as "alaim villam…Pen-bren…vice Orscandus episcopus", by undated charter[22]. Orscand & his wife had one child:

(a) BENEDICT (-2 Jan 1113). Bishop of Quimper 1064. An undated charter records donations to Quimper, including the donations made by "Benedictus...episcopus Orscandi patris sui successor...Onven filia Rivelen Benedicti præsulis mater..."[23]. Gallia Christiana records his date of death, citing “variis obituariis”[24].

iv) GUETHENOC (-after 1029). A charter dated 1029 records the property of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé with the consent of "Alano comite…et conjugem eius Judith, Orscando episcopo fratre comitis…Guethenoc et Guerec fratribus comitis…"[25]. "Guezenec…Benedicti consulis et episcopi filius medius moriens" donated "villam…Kaer-Cribur…in Plebe-Nevez in pago Treguent" to Quimper by undated charter[26].

v) GUEREC (-after 1029). A charter dated 1029 records the property of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé with the consent of "Alano comite…et conjugem eius Judith, Orscando episcopo fratre comitis…Guethenoc et Guerec fratribus comitis…"[27].

vi) AVAN (-after 1037). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1037 which records a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by "Huelin Berengarii filius", in the presence of "Alani Cornubie consulis", for the soul of "…uxoris mee Auan", with the consent of "filio meo Guegon et uxore mea", signed by "Alanus consul Cainard, Budic Venetensis episcopus…Huelin…Guegon filius eius, Auan uxoris eiusdem Huelini et predicti consulis soror…"[28]. m HUELIN Seigneur d’Hennebont, son of BERENGER & his wife --- (-after 1037).

b) PERIOU . "Periou Benedicti consulis filius ante obitus sui" donated "unam villam…Pen-bis in Scazre" to Quimper, in the presence of "Benedicto episcopo", by undated charter[29]. Morice indicates that Periou was the son of "Budic ou Benedic II du nom, Comte de Cornouaille"[30]. This appears to be the only possible interpretation of the document which records his donation to Quimper, from which it is clear that "Benedicto episcopo" was a different person from Periou’s father. "Benedicto episcopo" could therefore only refer to Benedict ex-comte de Cornouaille, whose death is dated to 1026, as the chronology suggests that Bishop Benedict (son of Alain "Caignart" Comte de Cornouaille, see below) must be excluded. It is not entirely satisfactory to equate the two names Budic and Benedict: it should be noted that Alain "Caignart" Comte de Cornouaille is recorded with sons with both names, suggesting that they were not then considered the same. m ---. The name of Periou’s wife is not known. Periou & his wife had one child:

i) GUEGON . "Guegon filius Periou Benedicti consulis filius" donated "villam Kaer-Truc…in plæbe…Nevez super fluvium" to Quimper by undated charter[31].

2. ALFRED . "Budic comitis…Alfrett fratris comitis…" signed a donation to Landevenec by "mulier…stemate regalium orta…Iunargant" by undated charter dated to the mid-10th century[32].

ALAIN "Caignart" de Cornouaïlle, son of BENEDICT Comte de Cornouaïlle & his wife Guinodeon --- (-4 Jun 1058, bur Church of Notre-Dame, next to Saint-Corentin). Comte de Cornouaïlle. A charter dated 1021 records that the bishop of Vannes restored rights to Redon abbey, witnessed by "…Alanus Cornugallensis comes et Guethenocus vicecomes et Gozolinus eius filius…"[33]. "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[34]. A charter dated 1029 records the property of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé with the consent of "Alano comite…et conjugem eius Judith, Orscando episcopo fratre comitis…Guethenoc et Guerec fratribus comitis…"[35]. "Alano comite Chanarth…Cornubiam regente" founded the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by charter dated 1029[36]. "Alanus Britannice gentis dux atque princeps" founded the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes by charter dated to [1028/30], witnessed by "Eudo meus germanus, Gozolinus vicecomes, Rivallonis vicarius, Alanus Cornugallie comes…"[37]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiense records the death in 1058 of "Alanus Comes Cornugalliæ, Kemperlegiensis monasterii fundator et pater"[38]. A fragmentary chronicle in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records that "consul Alanus cognomento Cainard" died 30 years after building the abbey of Sainte-Croix at Quimperlé and was buried "in ecclesia Beate Virginis Marie que adjacent ecclesie Sancti Courentini"[39]. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “pridie Non Jun” of “Alanus Caignart Cornugalliæ comes frater noster”[40].

m ([1026]) JUDITH de Nantes, daughter of JUDICAËL Comte de Nantes & his wife Mélisende --- (-1063, bur Sainte-Guénolé de Landevenec). The Chronicon Briocensi names "Judith…filia Juhelli quondam comitis Nannetensis" as wife of "Alani Cagnart" and mother of "Hoellus Dux"[41]. "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[42]. A charter dated 1029 records the property of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé with the consent of "Alano comite…et conjugem eius Judith, Orscando episcopo fratre comitis…Guethenoc et Guerec fratribus comitis…"[43]. "Alanus comes nobilis Cornubensium partium" donated property to Landévennec by an undated charter, affirmed by "conjugis Iudett"[44]. An undated charter dated to [1031/55] records a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by "Alano principe…uxor eiusdem consulis, religiosa domina et mater nostra Judith comitissa, filia…Judicaelis Nannetensium comitis", in the presence of "domini sui"[45]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiense records the death in 1063 of "Iudith Comitissa Cornugalliæ"[46]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1063 of "Judith comitissa Cornugallie"[47]. A fragmentary chronicle in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records that "comitissa Judith" lived for six years as a nun after her husband died and was buried "in ecclesia Sancti Guingualoei"[48].

Alain & his wife had seven children:

1. HOËL (-13 Apr 1084). The Chronicon Briocensi names "Hoellus Dux filiusque Alani Cagnart et Judith Comitissæ" when recording his marriage[49]. Comte de Cornouaïlle, de Nantes et de Léon 1054.

- see below.

2. ORGUEN [Agnès] de Cornouaïlle . "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[50]. m EUDES [I] Comte de Penthièvre, son of GEOFFROY I Duke of Brittany & his wife Havise de Normandie (-1062).

3. BUDIC (-1091). "Alani comitis comitisseque Constantie" donated property to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 1089, witnessed by "Mathias comes Namnetis…Eudo vicecomes, Radulfus anglicus comes, Radulfus de Fulgeres…Budicus frater Hoelli comitis"[51]. "Budic frater Hoeli comitis" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, in the presence of "fratris mei Benedicti abbatis…Benedicto Corisopitensi episcopo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Benedictus episcopus, Guigonus decanus frater episcopi…"[52]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiensis records the death in 1091 of "Budic, frater Hoëlis Comitis"[53]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1091 of "Budic frater Hoeli comitis"[54].

4. QUIRIAC de Cornouaïlle (-[1076/78]). Bishop of Nantes 1052. Tresvaux records that he was elected as Bishop of Nantes in 1052 but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[55].

5. BENEDICT de Cornouaïlle (-2 Jan [1115]). "Budic frater Hoeli comitis" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, in the presence of "fratris mei Benedicti abbatis…Benedicto Corisopitensi episcopo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Benedictus episcopus, Guigonus decanus frater episcopi…"[56]. Bishop of Nantes . The Chronicon Britannico Alter records that "Benedicti Episcopi…Alani Cornugalliæ Comitis filii" was ordained in 1081[57]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiensis records that "Benedictus, Alani Cornugalliæ Consulis filius" was dismissed from "Nanneticæ Ecclesiæ sedem et Abbatiæ Kemperlegiensis regimen" in 1113[58]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiensis records the death in 1115 of "Benedictus Episcopus Nannetensis et Abbas Sanctæ Crucis"[59]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records that "Benedictus Alani Cornugallie consulis filius" resigned "Nannetice ecclesie sedem et abbatie Kemperelegiensis regimen" in 1114 and died in 1115[60].

6. daughter . The Historia sancti Florentii Salmurensis records that "Normannus, Montis Rebelli dominus Minoris" invaded Anjou and after peace was agreed that he married "sororem Hoelli Nannetensium comitis viduam"[61], the event being recorded in the text under the rule of abbot Sigo[62]. It is not known to which sister of Comte Hoël this refers. Chronologically it is possible that this anonymous sister was Orguen, whose husband died in 1062, but no other reference to any second marriage of hers has been found. m firstly ---. m secondly ([1055/70]) NORMAN Seigneur de Montrebel, son of ---.

7. HODIERNE . "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[63]. Abbess.

HOËL de Cornouaïlle, son of ALAIN "Caignart" Comte de Cornouaïlle & his wife Judith de Nantes (-13 Apr 1084). The Chronicon Briocensi names "Hoellus Dux filiusque Alani Cagnart et Judith Comitissæ" when recording his marriage[64]. "Benedictus episcopus atque comes" founded the monastery of Locmaria de Quimper, later confirmed by "Alanus comes filius Benedicti supradicti" (witnessed by "…femina ipsius comitis Iudeth…"), by charter dated to [1022/38] which also records a later donation by "Alanus comes et uxor illius Iudeth…et filiæ suæ Hodiernæ abbatissæ", witnessed by "Hoel…filius eiusdem comitis…Moruan vicecomes…"[65]. He succeeded as Comte de Cornouaille, de Nantes, et de Léon. The Chronicæ Sancti Albini records the death in 1084 of "Hoel Brito comes Nannetensis" and his donation to Saint-Nicholas of "insulam…Deneralem"[66]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1084 of "Hoëlus Comes"[67]. The Chronicon Britannico Alter records the death "Id Apr" in 1084 of "Hoellus filius Alani Chainnardi, qui fuit Dux Nannetensis et Britanniæ"[68]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1084 of "Hoel comes"[69]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiense records the death "Id Apr" in 1084 of "Hoël Comes"[70].

m (1066) HAVISE de Bretagne, daughter of ALAIN III Duke of Brittany & his wife Berthe de Blois (-19 Aug 1072). The Flandria Generosa names "Havisis Namnetensis comitissa" daughter of "Berta comitissa", when outlining the basis for the consanguinity between Baudouin VII Count of Flanders and Havise de Bretagne, which constituted grounds for their separation[71]. The Chronicon Briocensi records the marriage of "Hasevisiam sororem…Conani Ducis" and "Hoellus Dux"[72]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to before 1072 under which "Constancius" donated property to the abbey of Redon with the consent of "Jedear uxore mea" and affirmed by "Hoel comes et Haduis comitissa, Alanus et Mathias et Eudo filii eorum"[73], read together with another passage in the Flandria Generosa which names "comes Alanus" as son of "Havisis Namnetensis comitissa"[74]. She was heiress of her brother Conan II Duke of Brittany in 1066. The necrology of Chartres cathedral records the death "XIV Kal Sep" of "Haduisis filia Berta comitisse"[75]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1072 of "Hadeuguis comitissa"[76].

Comte Hoël & his wife had seven children:

1. ALAIN de Cornouaïlle (-13 Oct 1119). The Chronicon Briocensi names "Alanum, Mathiam et Benedictum" as the three children of "Hoellus…ex Hadevisa uxore sua"[77]. He succeeded in 1084 as ALAIN IV "Fergant" Duke of Brittany.

- DUKES of BRITTANY.

2. HAVISE (-after 1075). "Berta comitissa Alani Redonensis ducis uxor" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, for the souls of "filie nostre Hadeuis comitisse Hoelis ducis Britannie conjugis et…filiorum suorum, meorum…nepotum Alani et Mathie", by charter dated 1075, signed by "Alanus nothus filius Conani comitis, Vitalis et Gualterius Carnotenses, familiares comitisse Haduis neptis mee…"[78]. Presumably the subscribers should be read "…Vitalis et Gualterius Carnotenses familiars comitisse, Haduis neptis mee…" as otherwise it is difficult to explain how the donor’s granddaughter could have borne the title "comitisse".

3. MATHIEU (-[1103/04]). The Chronicon Briocensi names "Alanum, Mathiam et Benedictum" as the three children of "Hoellus…ex Hadevisa uxore sua", stating that Mathieu was "Comes Nannetensis ex donatione Hoelli patris sui et consensus Alani primogeniti sui" but died childless in 1101[79]. "Constancius" donated property to the abbey of Redon with the consent of "Jedear uxore mea" and affirmed by "Hoel comes et Haduis comitissa, Alanus et Mathias et Eudo filii eorum" by charter dated before 1072[80]. "Berta comitissa Alani Redonensis ducis uxor" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, for the souls of "filie nostre Hadeuis comitisse Hoelis ducis Britannie conjugis et…filiorum suorum, meorum…nepotum Alani et Mathie", by charter dated 1075, signed by "Alanus nothus filius Conani comitis, Vitalis et Gualterius Carnotenses, familiares comitisse Haduis neptis mee…"[81]. Comte de Nantes. "Rualdus" founded "sancte Marie…de Peregrino", with the consent of "domino meo Matthiæ Namnetico comiti", by undated charter witnessed by "Matthie com, Ermengardis uxoris eius, Rivalloni avunculi eius…"[82]. "Mathias…Nannetensium consul" donated l’île Corber en Loire to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé "in manu Benedicti episcopi sedis Nannetice patrui mei", for the souls of "Hoeli…comitis patris mei et matris mee Hadeuis", by charter dated 1091[83]. The Chronicon Britannico Alter records the death in 1104 of "Matthias Nannetensis, Hoeli Comitis filius", stating that he had violated "cimiterium beatorum Petri et Pauli" in the same year[84]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiensis records the death in 1103 of "Matthias Nannetensis Consul, Hoëlis Consulis filius"[85]. The Chronicon Universum in the cartulary of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé records the death in 1103 of "Mathias Nannetensis consul, Hoeli consulis filius"[86]. The Chronicon Ruyensis Cœnobii records the death in 1103 of "Mathias Comes Nannetensis"[87]. m ERMENGARDE, daughter of ---. "Rualdus" founded "sancte Marie…de Peregrino", with the consent of "domino meo Matthiæ Namnetico comiti", by undated charter witnessed by "Matthie com, Ermengardis uxoris eius, Rivalloni avunculi eius…"[88].

4. EUDES de Cornouaïlle (-[1072/75]). "Constancius" donated property to the abbey of Redon with the consent of "Jedear uxore mea" and affirmed by "Hoel comes et Haduis comitissa, Alanus et Mathias et Eudo filii eorum" by charter dated before 1072[89]. He presumably died before the 1075 charter in which his maternal grandmother names his two brothers and sister.

5. HILDEBERGE de Cornouaïlle . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m as his second wife, GEOFFROY [II] de Mayenne, son of --- (-[May/Dec] 1098).

6. BENEDICT . The Chronicon Briocensi names "Alanum, Mathiam et Benedictum" as the three children of "Hoellus…ex Hadevisa uxore sua"[90].

7. ADELA de Cornouaïlle . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of Saint-Georges at Rennes.

B. SEIGNEURS de COËTIVY

Père Anselme records that the seigneurie of Coëtivy was located in the parish of Ploequin in the diocese of Léon[91]. The following reconstruction of this family is an outline which shows selected family members only, mainly for hyperlinking to other families studied in Medieval Lands. The information has not been verified against primary source documentation, unless otherwise stated.

1. PREGENT [I] de Coëtivy (-after 1212). Seigneur de Coëtivy. Père Anselme notes that “un titre de l’abbaye de S. Mahé” dated 1212 names Prégent “chevalier banneret” Seigneur de Coëtivy[92]. Anselme names seven generations of his supposed descendants. The primary sources on which this information is based have not been identified. It is unclear whether Anselme’s reconstruction reflects these sources accurately or whether it amounts to his own interpretation.

1. ALAIN [III] de Coëtivy (-killed in battle siege of St James de Beuvron 1425). Seigneur de Coëtivy. m (contract 12 Jan 1398) CATHERINE de Chastel, daughter of HERVE Seigneur de Chastel & his wife Mencie de Lescoet (-after 17 Sep 1450). Père Anselme records her marriage contract and quotes letters of King Charles VII dated 17 Sep 1450 which granted revenues from “la seigneurie de Rochefort” to “Catherine de Chastel, mere d’Alain de Coëtivy cardinal d’Avignon conseiller du roi...Olivier de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller, chambellan du roi et sénéchal de Guyenne...Christophe de Coëtivy écuyer d’écurie du roi, freres et heritiers de feu Pregent de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller et chambellan du roi et amiral de France”[93]. Alain [III] & his wife had children:

a) PREGENT [VII] de Coëtivy (-killed siege of Cherbourg 20 Jun 1450). Seigneur de Coëtivy, de Taillebourg et de Lesparre. Governor of La Rochelle. Amiral de France 1439. Seigneur de Rays, de iure uxoris. m (14 Jun 1442) as her first husband, MARIE de Laval Dame de Rays, GILLES de Laval Seigneur de Rays & his wife Catherine de Thouars. She married secondly André de Laval Seigneur de Loheac.

b) ALAIN de Coëtivy (1407-Rome 22 Jul 1474, bur Sainte-Praxède). Bishop of Dol. Bishop of Cornouaïlles. Bishop of Avignon. Cardinal 1449. Papal legate in France and Brittany. Letters of King Charles VII dated 17 Sep 1450 granted revenues from “la seigneurie de Rochefort” to “Catherine de Chastel, mere d’Alain de Coëtivy cardinal d’Avignon conseiller du roi...Olivier de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller, chambellan du roi et sénéchal de Guyenne...Christophe de Coëtivy écuyer d’écurie du roi, freres et heritiers de feu Pregent de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller et chambellan du roi et amiral de France”[94].

c) OLIVIER de Coëtivy (-[1478/80]). Lieutenant in the navy of his brother Admiral Prégent de Coëtivy, in the war against the English. Governor of Dieppe 1433[95]. Letters of King Charles VII dated 17 Sep 1450 granted revenues from “la seigneurie de Rochefort” to “Catherine de Chastel, mere d’Alain de Coëtivy cardinal d’Avignon conseiller du roi...Olivier de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller, chambellan du roi et sénéchal de Guyenne...Christophe de Coëtivy écuyer d’écurie du roi, freres et heritiers de feu Pregent de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller et chambellan du roi et amiral de France”[96]. Seigneur de Coëtivy, de Taillebourg, de Didonne, de Cozes et de Saujon. Seneschal of Guyenne, he was captured when Bordeaux revolted in 1452 and taken to England a prisoner until 1457[97]. m (Nov 1458) MARIE bâtarde de France, illegitimate daughter of CHARLES VII King of France & his mistress Agnès Sorel ([1443/1444]-before 1473). Beaucourt suggests that Marie was her parents’ first born child, considering that she married before her sisters and in light of the specific document recognising her paternity[98]. Considering the likely date of the start of the king’s relationship with her mother (see the document CAPET), it is probable that the couple’s oldest daughter was born in late 1443 or 1444. Recognised by her father King Charles VII with the name "de Valois" Oct 1458, she was created Dame de Royan et de Mornac en Saintonge. A charter dated 28 Oct 1458 at Vendôme records the dowry provided by King Charles VII for the marriage of “nostre...conseiller et chambellan Olivier sieur de Coettigny et de Taillebourg chevalier, sénéchal de Guyenne” and “notre...fille naturelle Marie de Valois”, notes the loyal service of “feu Tanneguy du Chastel son oncle, Prégent sieur de Cottigny en son vivant admiral de France, frère dud. Olivier”, and states that “Marie nostre fille estant enfant” had been transferred to “led. feu Prégent de Coettigny” and brought up “aud. chastel de Taillebourg” throughout his life and until now “qu’elle est en aage de marier”[99]. If Marie had recently attained marriageable age, as suggested by the full text of this document, and assuming that 14 years old was the earliest age for marriage of daughters of the nobility at the time, it is reasonable to suppose that Marie was born “before [1444]”. Delort dates Marie’s birth to “peu de jours après le mariage du Dauphin” (25 Jun 1436, see below) at Fromenteau[100]. He cites no document on which he bases this assessment, which appears inconsistent with the wording of the charter dated 28 Oct 1458. Accounts for the year starting 1 Oct 1458 record that in Nov 1458 the king gave money “pour avoir robes et abillements à son plaisir le jour et feste de ses nopces” to “madame Marie de Valoys femme du sénéchal de Guyenne”[101]. Olivier & his wife had children:

i) CHARLES de Coëtivy (-after 12 Nov 1500). Seigneur de Coëtivy et de Taillebourg. Comte de Taillebourg 1486. Baron de Rays, Prince de Mortagne [en Gironde] [1487]. He sold the lands of Coëtivy, Menant, Forestic and Tregouroy to Jean Baron de Juch 26 Jun 1497[102]. m ([1480]) JEANNE d’Orléans, daughter of JEAN d’Orléans Comte d'Angoulême et de Périgord & his wife Marguerite de Rohan (1462-1520). The Journal de Louise de Savoie records that the king her son “fit son entrée à Cognac” 14 Jan 1514 and that “ma fille Marguerite et ma sœur de Taillebourg, à présent duchesse de Valois” accompanied him[103]. Created Dss de Valois at Blois 28 Dec 1516, registered 9 Feb 1517[104]. Charles & his wife had one child:

(a) LOUISE de Coëtivy ([1480/81]-Berrie 1553, bur Thouars Notre-Dame). Comtesse de Taillebourg. m (7 Feb 1501) CHARLES de la Trémoïlle Vicomte de Thouars, Prince de Talmond et de Mortagne, son of LOUIS [II] Seigneur de la Trémoïlle, Vicomte de Thouars, Prince de Talmond & his first wife Gabrielle de Bourbon ([1486]-Marignan 13 Sep 1515, bur Thouars Notre-Dame). He died from wounds received at the battle of Marignan.

ii) MARGUERITE de Coëtivy (-after 18 Jan 1512). A charter dated 15 Nov 1483 settled disputes between “Olivier seigneur de Coectivy et de Taillebourg chevalier et dame Marie de Valoix sa femme...” and “Jacques seigneur de Pons”, in favour of “Guy à présent seigneur de Pons filz et héritier dudict feu messire Jacques de Pons” and “Charles de Coectivy seigneur de Taillebourg leur héritier”, including the agreement for “Guy seigneur de Pons et François de Pons [...et de damoiselle Jehanne de Chasteauneuf sa femme] son filz seigneur de Montfort” to marry “damoiselle Margarite de Coectivy seur dudict Charles de Coectivy...”[105]. A charter dated 2 Apr 1505 records the settlement of a dispute between “Marguerite de Coectivy veuve de Françoys de Pons chevalier seigneur de Montfort” and “Guy seigneur de Pons” regarding her dower, naming “ses enfants François, Jacques et Lucresse de Pons”, witnessed by “Mre Oddet d’Edye chevalier seigneur de Ribérac”, an arrêt dated 19 Jun 1506 recording execution of the provisions[106]. The testament of “Marguerite de Coectivy veuve de Françoys de Pons chevalier seigneur de Montfort”, dated 18 Jan 1512, chose burial “en l’église des frères prêcheurs de Pons”, confirmed donations to “son fils François de Pons...fils ainé”, and bequeathed property to “[son fils] Jacques de Pons...la terre et seigneurie d’Hiers...Lucresse de Pons la terre et seigneurie de Bernoil”[107]. m (contract 15 Nov 1483) FRANÇOIS de Pons Seigneur de Montfort, son of GUY Seigneur de Pons & his second wife Jeanne de Castelnau (-before 21 Dec 1504).

iii) GILLETTE de Coëtivy (-1510). Père Anselme records her parentage and two marriages[108]. m firstly JACQUES d’Estouteville Seigneur de Beyne et de Blainville, son of ROBERT d’Estouteville Seigneur de Beyne & his wife Ambroise de Loré (-after 1499). m secondly as his third wife, ANTOINE de Luxembourg Comte de Brienne, son of LOUIS de Luxembourg Comte de Saint-Pol, de Brienne et di Conversano & his first wife Jeanne de Bar Ctss de Marle et de Soissons (-1519).

d) CHRISTOPHE de Coëtivy . Letters of King Charles VII dated 17 Sep 1450 granted revenues from “la seigneurie de Rochefort” to “Catherine de Chastel, mere d’Alain de Coëtivy cardinal d’Avignon conseiller du roi...Olivier de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller, chambellan du roi et sénéchal de Guyenne...Christophe de Coëtivy écuyer d’écurie du roi, freres et heritiers de feu Pregent de Coëtivy chevalier, conseiller et chambellan du roi et amiral de France”[109].

C. VICOMTES du FAOU

1. EHUARN . Vicomte [de ---]. An undated charter, dated to [945/52], records the death and burial of "Budic…comes", witnessed by "Alan dux Britanniæ…Benedictus episcopus filius istius Budic…Euhuarn vicecomes…"[110].

1. MORVAN (-after 1031). No indication has been found of any family relationship between Morvan and Vicomte Guyomar [I] (see above). Vicomte [de ---]. A charter dated to [1030/31] records a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by "consul Alanus" during the war with "Guihomarch…vicecomitis" and records a later confirmation during the war with "vicecomite Moruano"[111]. "...Guihomarch et Moruan vicecomites..." witnessed the charter dated to [1031/55] which confirms a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé made by "Alano principe...concessit uxor eiusdem consulis...Judith"[112]. The charter dated to [1030/31], quoted above, suggests that Morvan outlived Vicomte Guyomar [I]. m ---. The name of Morvan’s wife is not known. Morvan & his wife had one child:

a) EHUARN (-after 1066). "Ehuarn filius Moruani vicecomitis…" witnessed the charter dated to [1066/84] under which "Guihumarch filius Numenoe" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé[113].

1. MORVAN . He is named in the necrology entry of his son Rivallon, without the vicecomital title. His name suggests a family relationship with Vicome Morvan who is named above and with the later Morvan Vicomte du Faou who is named below. No indication has been found of the dates when this Morvan was alive. m ---. The name of Morvan’s wife is not known. Morvan & his wife had one child:

a) RIVALLON (-19 Feb ----). Vicomte [de ---]. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “XI Kal Mar” of “Rivallonius filius Morvani, vicecomes”[114]. The unusual reference in this entry to the vicomte’s father has not been explained: were there two vicomtes named Rivallon who were contemporaries and needed to be distinguished? .

1. GRADLON (-24 Apr 1184) Vicomte du Faou. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “VIII Kal Mai” of “Gradlonus vicecomes de Fago, frater noster, 1184”[115].

Two possible siblings:

1. MORVAN (-20 Sep 1218). Vicomte du Faou. Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti which records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius”[116]. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “XII Kal Oct” of “Morvannus vicecomes de Fago 1218”[117]. m [--- de Léon, daughter of HERVE [I] Seigneur de Léon & his wife [Marguerite] de Rohan. The name of Morvan´s wife is not known. Her possible parentage and marriage depends on one interpretation of the following document: Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti which records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius”[118]. Her existence is not certain as an alternative interpretation of “sororio” indicates that Hervé [II] married a sister of Morvan.]

2. [--- du Faou . Her family origin and possible marriage are suggested by Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti which records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius”[119]. The marriage is not certain as an alternative interpretation of “sororio” indicates that Morvan Vicomte du Faou married a sister of Hervé [II], as shown above. If the information is correct, this person would have been Hervé’s second wife. m [as his second wife,] HERVE [II] Seigneur de Léon, son of HERVE [I] Seigneur de Léon & his wife [Marguerite] de Rohan (-off Brindisi 23 Nov 1218)].]

D. VICOMTES de GOURIN

1. TANGUY (-[before 1 Aug 1088]). Vicomte [de Gourin]. "Tangui vicecomes" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "uxoris sue Hodierne et filii sui Bernardi", by charter dated to [after 1088][120]. "…Tanki vicecomes…" witnessed the charter dated to end-11th century which records the claims by Alain "Fergant" Duke of Brittany to half the rights of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé[121]. m HODIERNE, daughter of ---. "Tangui vicecomes" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "uxoris sue Hodierne et filii sui Bernardi", by charter dated to [after 1088][122]. Tanguy & his wife had one child:

a) BERNARD (-after 1088). "Tangui vicecomes" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "uxoris sue Hodierne et filii sui Bernardi", by charter dated to [after 1088][123]. "Bernardus vicecomes" witnessed the charter dated 1 Aug 1088 under which "Constantia Britannie comitissa et regis Anglorum Guilhelmi filia" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé[124]. m ---. The name of Bernard’s wife is not known. Bernard & his wife had two children:

i) RIVALLON (-after 1163). "Riuallonus vicecomes, Bernardi predicti filius" [this charter follows the charter dated to [after 1088], see above, in the Quimperlé cartulary] "et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua" donated "terram, a fine Latdrun" to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Guenlodoe filia Haelgorett filii Perenes que erat heres terre illius et filii eius Herueus et Riuuallonus…maritus eius et filie eius", by charter dated to [1163/86][125]. "Riuallonus vicecomes" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Guielder uxor sua et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua", by charter dated to [1163/86][126]. m GUIELDER, daughter of ---. "Riuallonus vicecomes" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Guielder uxor sua et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua", by charter dated to [1163/86][127]. Rivallon & his wife had two children:

(a) RIVALLON . "Riuallonus vicecomes, Bernardi predicti filius" [this charter follows the charter dated to [after 1088], see above, in the Quimperlé cartulary] "et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua" donated "terram, a fine Latdrun" to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé[128]. "Riuallonus vicecomes" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Guielder uxor sua et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua", by charter dated to [1163/86][129].

(b) ADELICIA . "Riuallonus vicecomes, Bernardi predicti filius" [this charter follows the charter dated to [after 1088], see above, in the Quimperlé cartulary] "et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua" donated "terram, a fine Latdrun" to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé[130]. "Riuallonus vicecomes" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Guielder uxor sua et Riuallonus filius suus et Azelice filia sua", by charter dated to [1163/86][131].

ii) TANGUY . "Tangui vicecomes, Bernardi filius et Azenor uxor sua" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Bernardo et Henrico filiis suis", by charter dated to [1163/86], witnessed by "Riuuallonus frater ipsius Tangui"[132]. m AZENOR, daughter of ---. "Tangui vicecomes, Bernardi filius et Azenor uxor sua" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Bernardo et Henrico filiis suis", by charter dated to [1163/86], witnessed by "Riuuallonus frater ipsius Tangui"[133]. Tanguy & his wife had two children:

(a) BERNARD . "Tangui vicecomes, Bernardi filius et Azenor uxor sua" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Bernardo et Henrico filiis suis", by charter dated to [1163/86], witnessed by "Riuuallonus frater ipsius Tangui"[134].

(b) HENRI . "Tangui vicecomes, Bernardi filius et Azenor uxor sua" donated property to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, with the consent of "Bernardo et Henrico filiis suis", by charter dated to [1163/86], witnessed by "Riuuallonus frater ipsius Tangui"[135].

E. VICOMTES de LEON, SEIGNEURS de LEON

The vicomté de Léon was located along the north-western coast of the duchy of Brittany, north of the county of Cornouailles and west of the county of Penthièvre. Ecclesiastically, the vicomté was within the jurisdiction of the bishopric of Saint-Pol de Léon, covering the ancient pagi Achmensis/Oximense and Doudur/Leonensis[136]. The earliest surviving reference to a vicomte de Léon is dated 1021, although the direct line descent of the title-holders can only be confirmed from the 12th century. The vicecomital family became extinct in the direct male line in the late 13th century, while a junior branch continued as seigneurs de Léon until the mid-14th century when these seigneuries passed by marriage to the Rohan family. The Vicomtes de Léon were studied recently by Léa Chaillou who suggests an early family connection with the Vicomtes de Faou (see above Part C of the present chapter) and develops other interesting theories regarding the family’s origins and connections[137].

1. BRAN (-after 9 Jul 871). "…Riuuelen comes, Pascuethen comes, Bran comes…Jedecael princeps Poucher…Moruuethen comes…Riuallon et Guigon filii Salomonis…" witnessed the charter dated 9 Jul 871 relating to a dispute involving the abbey of Redon[138]. La Borderie suggests that Bran was comte de Léon, but apparently be eliminating the other known Breton counts and counties in the 9th century[139].

1. GUYOMAR [I] (-after 1031). Vicomte de Léon. A charter dated 1021 records the bishop of Vannes restoring rights to Redon abbey, witnessed by "…Guihomarcus Leonensis vicecomes…"[140]. ["...Guihomarch..." subscribed the charter dated 1029 which lists the properties of Sainte-Croix de Qimperlé[141]. The editor of the cartulary consulted suggests that this person was “sans doute le vicomte de Léon qui, peu après, fut en guerre avec Alain Caignart” (referring to the charter dated to [1030/31], an extract of which follows), presumably therefore (if correct) identifiable as Vicomte Guyomar [I]. The editor then indicates that this person was killed in 1103, confusing Guyomar [I] with Guyomar [II] (see below).] A charter dated to [1030/31] records a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé by "consul Alanus" during the war with "Guihomarch…vicecomitis" and records a later confirmation during the war with "vicecomite Moruano"[142]. "...Guihomarch et Moruan vicecomites..." witnessed the charter dated to [1031/55] which confirms a donation to Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé made by "Alano principe...concessit uxor eiusdem consulis...Judith"[143].

Two brothers, parents not identified. The name “Guyomar” suggests a connection with the family of the vicomtes de Léon, although this relationship could have been through the female line. Chaillou suggests that Alain and Alfred were sons of Guyomar [I][144].

1. ALAIN (-after [1060]). Vicomte de ---. He is named as father of Guyomar and brother of Alfred in the two 1050 charters and the [1060] charter, quoted below. The wording of all three documents suggests that Alain was alive at the time. m ---. The name of Alain’s wife is not known. Alain & his wife had one child:

a) GUYOMAR (-after 1050). "Comes Eudo et nepos eius Gaufridus, Robertus vicecomes et frater eius Eudo…Guichomarus filius Alani vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 relating to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[145]. His absence from the [1060] charter quoted below suggests that he may have died before that date.

2. ALFRED (-after [1060]). "Eudo comes et uxor eius, Joscelinus vicecomes…Alfredus frater Alani vicecomitis…Hodierna soror Hugonis vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 which recorded an agreement between "Gualterio eius preposito" and the abbess of Saint-Georges de Rennes[146]. "Eudo comes et uxor eius, Joscelinus vicecomes…Alfredus frater Alani vicecomitis…Hodierna soror Hugonis vicecomitis" witnessed the charter dated to [1060] which records an agreement between Adela Abbess of Rennes Saint-Georges and "Gualterio eius preposito"[147].

The primary sources which confirm the family connection between Guyomar [I] and Guyomar [II] Vicomte de Léon have not been identified. Chaillou suggests that Guyomar [II] was the same person as “...Guihomarc filius Ehoarn...” who witnessed an undated charter of “Alanus Britannie comes” [Alain IV “Fergant”] and that “Ehoarn” (whom she identifies as “Ehuarn Vicomte de Cornouaille”) had married a daughter of Vicomte Alain (see above), noting the common linguistic roots in Breton of the names Ehuarn and Hervé (the name of Guyomar [II]’s son)[148].

1. GUYOMAR [II] (-killed 1103). Vicomte de Léon. He is named as living in the source cited below which records his son’s participation in the First Crusade. The Chronicon Britannico records that "Guichomarus vicecomes Leonensium" was killed in 1103[149]. m ---. The name of Guyomar’s wife is not known. Guyomar [II] & his wife had one child:

a) HERVE [I] ([before 1080]-after [1096/97]). Le Baud states that Baudry Archbishop of Dol names “Hervé le fils de Guihomar, qui lors estoit vicomte de Leon” among the Bretons who left on the First Crusade[150]. Baudry’s Historia Jerosolimitana (as published in the Recueil des Historiens des Croisades series) names “...Herveus filius Dodemani...” as the crusader[151]. “Dodemani” has not otherwise been identified, and it is possible that the name represents a transcription error for “Guihomari” (or similar). If the entry does refer to a son of Guyomar [II], he must have been a young adult when leaving on crusade and was therefore born before [1080] at the latest. This estimated date of birth suggests the likelihood that Hervé [I] was a different person from Hervé [II]. No record has been found which indicates whether Hervé [I] returned from the crusade and succeeded his father as vicomte de Léon.

From a chronological point of view, G[uyomar] [III] could have been the brother of Hervé [I]. Léa Chaillou suggests an alternative reconstruction of these early generations of the Léon family: she assumes that the 1128 charter quoted below under Hervé [II] in fact refers to Hervé [I] (see above), whose son Guyomar [III] would have been the father of Hervé [II] (who would have married after [1135/40], as his only wife, the daughter of King Stephen)[152]. However, Hervé in the 1128 charter names his sons Guyomar and Eudes, the latter being named wiith his father Hervé in the [1156/57] charter quoted below. In addition, the 1128 charter was witnessed by “...Herveus frater bastardus vicecomitis...”, who is also named in a document dated to [1169] as shown below. All these indications suggest that Hervé in the 1128 document must have been Hervé [II]. In any case, the chronology for the alternative reconstruction seems unsustainable. Firstly, the 1171 murder of Hamon Bishop of Léon (son of Hervé [II]) in which (according to Robert de Torigny, see below) the bishop’s brother (shown below as Guyomar [IV], son of Hervé [II]) and the bishop’s nephew (Guyomar [V], son of Guyomar [IV]) were involved. Guyomar [V], presumably a young adult in 1171, was therefore born before [1155] at the latest, which suggests that his father was most likely born before Hervé [II]’s [1135/40] marriage to King Stephen’s daughter. Secondly, these dates seem incompatible with Hervé [I], Guyomar [V]’s supposed great-great-grandfather, having issued the 1128 charter. In conclusion, the reconstruction suggested below seems more accurately to reconcile the available primary sources with the likely chronology.

1. G[UYOMAR] [III] (-before 1128). Vicomte de Léon. "H…Leonensis comes" names "pater meus G. vicecomes" (presumably deceased at the time) in the undated charter (dated to [1156/57]) for Saint-Melaine quoted below. No document has been found which names this person in his own capacity. He must have died before 1128, the date of the first charter of his son quoted below. m ---. The name of Guyomar’s wife is not known. Guyomar [III] & his wife had one child:

a) HERVE [II] ([1095?]-[1168/69]). Hervé’s parentage is confirmed by the undated charter, dated to [1156/57], quoted below, under which "H…Leonensis comes" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Saint-Melaine made by "pater meus G. vicecomes". Vicomte de Léon. "Herveus Leonensis Vicecomes" donated "juxta castrum meum…Mons-Relaxus" to Saint-Martin for a monastery by charter dated 3 Mar 1128, signed by "Hervei vicecomitis, Guihomar filii eius, Eudonis", witnessed by “Gradilon filius Ehoarni...Herveus frater bastardus vicecomitis...Buhic filius episcopi”[153]. Hervé was a supporter of King Stephen after his accession in England and was created Earl of Wiltshire in early 1140 or before[154]. The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "comes…Herveus gener regis" was driven from Devizes, dated to [1140/41][155]. When Hervé left England, his earldom reverted to the crown[156]. It is assumed that, after his return to Brittany, Hervé [II] continued to use the title “comes” (as demonstrated by the following sources) because of the English earldom granted to him by King Stephen. "H…Leonensis comes" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Saint-Melaine made by "pater meus G. vicecomes", and himself donated “medietatem mellis sui de pago Leonensi et de pago Castelli et totam capellaniam de Borret”, by undated charter, confirmed by “filiorum meorum, E...Albi et H. Leonensis ecclesiæ electi”, subscribed by “Ego H et ipsi duo filii mei...”[157]. Morice places this charter in his compilation between those dated 1155 and 1157. A vacancy at Albi occurred in 1156/57[158], which suggests that Morice’s dating is correct. The Guillelmi Armorici Historia records that "Herveus Comes Leoniæ…cum Guidomaro filio suo" were captured in 1163 and imprisoned "apud castellum Nini"[159]. ["Eudo Britannie comes" donated property to Saint-Martin de Josselin, with the consent of "fratrum meorum…Joscii vicecomitis et Alani Ceoche", witnessed by "Roaldo Dongie vicecomitis, Henrico de Arundelle, ---dio de Leon, Gaufredo de Monteforti", with the consent of "Alano de Rohan cognato meo", by charter dated 1164, witnessed by "…Stephanus frater meus…Guihomarus alterius filius de Leon…"[160]. It is possible that “---dio” in this document represents “Hervidio” (or similar) and therefore refers to Hervé [II].] "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated to [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum qui sibi succedebat in regnum, atque G. nepotem suum, Haymonem filium suum qui tunc temporis erat Leonensis episcopus, Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[161]. The wording of the witness list suggests that the charter was issued after the death of the donor. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1168 of "Herveus de Lehun" and the succession of "Guihomar filius eius"[162]. The necrology of Daoulas records the deaths in 1169 of “Herveus comes Leonensis pater supradicti Guidomaris” and in 1208 of “Guidomarus etiam junior”[163]. m firstly ([before 1120?]) --- (-before [1135/40]). No record has been found which identifies Hervé’s first wife, but the fact of this first marriage is confirmed by the subscription by Hervé’s son Guyomar [III] of the charter dated 3 Mar 1128 which is quoted above. m secondly ([1135/40]) --- de Blois, [illegitimate] daughter of STEPHEN King of England & his [mistress ---]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Gesta Stephani Regis which records that "comes…Herveus gener regis" was driven from Devizes, dated to [1140/41][164]. Maybe this daughter of King Stephen was Marie de Blois, the king’s legitimate daughter, to whom Hervé may have been betrothed when she was still a child before she became a nun. It is evident from the early betrothal of Marie’s older sister Mathilde that the king was eager to arrange marriages for his young daughters with his supporters soon after his accession. There is therefore no guarantee that Hervé’s wife was of the usual marriageable age (12 or older) at the time of the marriage. The other possibility is that Hervé’s wife was illegitimate. [m thirdly ---. Because of the doubts relating to the age of Hervé’s second wife, it is not impossible that his later children were born from an otherwise unrecorded third marriage.] Hervé [II] & his first wife had two children:

i) GUYOMAR [IV] ([before 1120?]-27 Sep, 1179 or after). "Herveus Leonensis Vicecomes" donated "juxta castrum meum…Mons-Relaxus" to Saint-Martin for a monastery by charter dated 3 Mar 1128, signed by "Hervei vicecomitis, Guihomar filii eius, Eudonis"[165]. It is assumed that his inclusion in the witness list indicates that Guyomar [III] was not younger than about 8 years old at the time of this document. Vicomte de Léon.

- see below.

ii) EUDES (-after 1156). "Herveus Leonensis Vicecomes" donated "juxta castrum meum…Mons-Relaxus" to Saint-Martin for a monastery by charter dated 3 Mar 1128, subscribed by "Hervei vicecomitis, Guihomar filii eius, Eudonis"[166]. He was elected archbishop of Albi, but was presumably never installed as such: "H…Leonensis comes" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Saint-Melaine made by "pater meus G. vicecomes", and himself donated “medietatem mellis sui de pago Leonensi et de pago Castelli et totam capellaniam de Borret”, by undated charter, confirmed by “filiorum meorum, E...Albi et H. Leonensis ecclesiæ electi”, subscribed by “Ego H et ipsi duo filii mei...”[167]. Morice places this charter in his compilation between those dated 1155 and 1157. A vacancy at Albi occurred in 1156/57[168], which suggests that Morice’s dating is correct.

Hervé [II] & his [first/second/third] wife had [two] children:

iii) HAMON de Léon (-murdered 25 Jan 1171). "H…Leonensis comes" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Saint-Melaine made by "pater meus G. vicecomes", and himself donated “medietatem mellis sui de pago Leonensi et de pago Castelli et totam capellaniam de Borret”, by undated charter, confirmed by “filiorum meorum, E...Albi et H. Leonensis ecclesiæ electi”, subscribed by “Ego H et ipsi duo filii mei...”[169]. Morice places this charter in his compilation between those dated 1155 and 1157. A vacancy at Albi occurred in 1156/57[170], which suggests that Morice’s dating is correct. Bishop of Léon. "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum qui sibi succedebat in regnum, atque G. nepotem suum, Haymonem filium suum qui tunc temporis erat Leonensis episcopus, Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[171]. Tresvaux records that Hamon was elected as Bishop of Léon, quarrelled with his brother Guyomar, sought refuge with Conan Duke of Brittany who restored him to his bishopric, but was murdered 25 Jan 1171 (no primary sources cited)[172]. Robert of Torigny records that "Hamo episcopus Leonensis" was killed in 1171 "per consilium ut dicunt Guihomari fratris sui vicecomitis Leonensis et junioris Guihomaris nepotis sui"[173]. Ralph de Diceto’s Ymagines Historiarum record that “in minori Britannia Hamo Leonensis episcopus” was killed “per Guidomarum filium fratris sui Guidomari”[174].

iv) [GUYOMAR (-after 1164). "Eudo Britannie comes" donated property to Saint-Martin de Josselin, with the consent of "fratrum meorum…Joscii vicecomitis et Alani Ceoche", witnessed by "Roaldo Dongie vicecomitis, Henrico de Arundelle, ---dio de Leon, Gaufredo de Monteforti", with the consent of "Alano de Rohan cognato meo", by charter dated 1164, witnessed by "…Stephanus frater meus…Guihomarus alterius filius de Leon…"[175]. It is likely that the second witness was the half-brother of Guyomar [III], either born from the second/third marriage of their father or illegitimate.]

Guyomar [III] had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

b) HERVE (-after [1169]). "Herveus Leonensis Vicecomes" donated "juxta castrum meum…Mons-Relaxus" to Saint-Martin for a monastery by charter dated 3 Mar 1128, witnessed by “Gradilon filius Ehoarni...Herveus frater bastardus vicecomitis...Buhic filius episcopi”[176]. "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum qui sibi succedebat in regnum, atque G. nepotem suum, Haymonem filium suum qui tunc temporis erat Leonensis episcopus, Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[177]. m ---. The name of Hervé’s wife is not known, although the names of two of her sons suggests that she may have been related to the Cornouaille family. Hervé & his wife had three children:

i) GRADLON . "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum...Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[178].

ii) BUDIC . "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum...Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[179].

iii) GUEGON . "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum...Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[180].

GUYOMAR [IV], son of HERVE [II] Vicomte de Léon & his first wife --- ([before 1120?]-27 Sep, 1179 or after). "Herveus Leonensis Vicecomes" donated "juxta castrum meum…Mons-Relaxus" to Saint-Martin for a monastery by charter dated 3 Mar 1128, subscribed by "Hervei vicecomitis, Guihomar filii eius, Eudonis", witnessed by “...Herveus frater bastardus vicecomitis...”[181]. It is assumed that Guyomar’s inclusion in the witness list indicates that he was not younger than about 8 years old at the time of this document. The Guillelmi Armorici Historia records that "Herveus Comes Leoniæ…cum Guidomaro filio suo" were captured in 1163 and imprisoned "apud castellum Nini"[182]. Vicomte de Léon. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1168 of "Herveus de Lehun" and the succession of "Guihomar filius eius"[183]. "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum qui sibi succedebat in regnum, atque G. nepotem suum, Haymonem filium suum qui tunc temporis erat Leonensis episcopus, Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[184]. The wording of the witness list suggests that the charter was issued after the death of the donor. "Guidomarus…Leonensis dominus et uxor suo Nobilis filiique sui Guidomarus et Herveus" founded the abbey of Daoulas by undated charter[185]. Robert of Torigny records that the castle of "Guihomarum vicecomitem Leonensem" was captured by "Gaufridus regis Henrici" in 1179[186]. The Chronicle of Robert Abbé de Saint-Michel records in 1179 that “Gaufredus filius regis Henrici dux Britanniæ" subjugated "Guihomarum vicecomitem Leonensem...et filios eius" and captured “omnia castella eorum”, granting two parishes until the following Christmas to “Guihomaro seniori” who with his wife was planning to travel to Jerusalem, and that he allowed “Guihomari juniori” eleven parishes from his father’s lands “et retento secum de familia sua Herveo fratre eius”[187]. Guyomar may have died before undertaking the planned journey. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “V Kal Oct” of “Guidomarus vicecomes Leonensis frater noster”[188].

m NOBILIS, daughter of ---. "Guidomarus…Leonensis dominus et uxor suo Nobilis filiique sui Guidomarus et Herveus" founded the abbey of Daoulas by undated charter[189]. It is not known whether she was the same wife who planned to accompany her husband to Jerusalem in 1179 (see above).

Guyomar [IV] & his wife had [six] children:

1. GUYOMAR [V] ([before 1155?]-[14 Mar 1216/18]). "Guidomarus…Leonensis dominus et uxor suo Nobilis filiique sui Guidomarus et Herveus" founded the abbey of Daoulas by undated charter[190]. "Herveus Comes Leonensis" donated "insulam...Beniguer" to Saint-Mathieu by charter dated [1169], witnessed by "Guihomarum filium suum qui sibi succedebat in regnum, atque G. nepotem suum, Haymonem filium suum qui tunc temporis erat Leonensis episcopus, Herveum fratrem dicti Guihomari nothum, Gradlon, Budic, Guegon filios eiusdem Hervei"[191]. Robert of Torigny records that "Hamo episcopus Leonensis" was killed in 1171 "per consilium ut dicunt Guihomari fratris sui vicecomitis Leonensis et junioris Guihomaris nepotis sui"[192]. Guyomar [V]’s birth date is estimated on the assumption that he was a young adult at the time of this murder. Ralph de Diceto’s Ymagines Historiarum record that “in minori Britannia Hamo Leonensis episcopus” was killed “per Guidomarum filium fratris sui Guidomari”[193]. Robert of Torigny records that "Guihummaro iuniori" was granted eleven parishes out of his father's territories after the castle of Léon was captured in 1179[194]. The Chronicle of Robert Abbé de Saint-Michel records in 1179 that “Gaufredus filius regis Henrici dux Britanniæ" subjugated "Guihomarum vicecomitem Leonensem...et filios eius" and captured “omnia castella eorum”, permitting two parishes until the following Christmas to “Guihomaro seniori” who with his wife was planning to travel to Jerusalem, and that he allowed “Guihomari juniori” eleven parishes from his father’s lands “et retento secum de familia sua Herveo fratre eius”[195]. Vicomte de Léon. “Guiomarum nobilem vicecomitem Leonie” donated property to Locmaria, near Quimper by charter dated 1191, witnessed by “Tangui filio, et Al. Bernardi filio, et Eudone, Hervei filio, et M, Vicecomitissa”[196]. The Scripta de Feodis of King Philippe II, dated to the early 13th century, record “...Guihomar de Leone, Herveus de Leone...” among “milites Britanniæ”[197]. King John granted safe conduct to "Guiomar de Leonibus et Maencia uxor eius" by order dated 14 Mar 1216[198]. m MAENCIA, daughter of --- (-after 1218). “Guiomarum nobilem vicecomitem Leonie” donated property to Locmaria, near Quimper by charter dated 1191, witnessed by “...M, Vicecomitissa”[199]. King John granted safe conduct to "Guiomar de Leonibus et Maencia uxor eius" by order dated 14 Mar 1216[200]. Guyomar [V] & his wife had [four] children:

a) [GUYOMAR de Léon (-1208). The necrology of Daoulas records the deaths in 1169 of “Herveus comes Leonensis pater supradicti Guidomaris” and in 1208 of “Guidomarus etiam junior”[201]. The chronology suggests that the second entry may refer to a son of Guyomar [IV].]

b) CONAN de Léon (-[1225/May 1231]). His parentage is indicated by Guillaume le Breton’s early 13th century Philippide which records “Conan le Bref, qui maintenant commande aux belliqueux Bretons que nourrit le territoire de Saint-Paul-de-Léon. Avant lui Guidomarche avait aussi tenu ce pays...uni par un traité d’amitié...au roi Philippe” (“Conanusque Brevis qui nunc domina-Belligero Britoni quem terra Leonica nutrit...Quam pater ante suus tenuit Guidomarchus...”)[202]. Vicomte de Léon. Guillaume le Breton records that “Les comtes Bretons, Conan et Salomon” (“Britigene comites Conanus cum Salamone...”) rebelled against Pierre Duke of Brittany who had confiscated their lands[203]. "...Herveus de Leonia, Conanus de Leonia, Solimanus de Leonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1225 (vidimus dated 6 Jan 1408) under which Pierre Duke of Brittany founded Saint-Aubin du Cormier[204]. He died before May 1231 when his son swore allegiance for his fief (see below). m [--- de Penthièvre, daughter of HENRI de Bretagne Comte de Tréguier & his wife Mathilde de Vendôme]. Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the following document: an enquiry concerning the property of Henri de Tréguier names "Alain...et Henri son fils, et Conan de Leon son tuteur"[205]. No primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has been identified. Conan & his wife had one child:

i) GUYOMAR [VI] de Léon (-before Mar 1239). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified.

- see below.

c) SALAMON de Léon (-after 1225). Guillaume le Breton records that “Les comtes Bretons, Conan et Salomon” (“Britigene comites Conanus cum Salamone...”) rebelled against Pierre Duke of Brittany who had confiscated their lands[206]. No source has been found which specifies the family relationship between Conan and Salamon, but their contiguous names in the following document suggests that they may have been brothers. "...Herveus de Leonia, Conanus de Leonia, Solimanus de Leonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1225 (vidimus dated 6 Jan 1408) under which Pierre Duke of Brittany founded Saint-Aubin du Cormier[207].

d) [TANGUY . La Borderie suggests that the 1233 text quoted below under his son Bernard indicates that his father Tanguy was a brother of Conan Vicomte de Léon[208]. The term avunculus, used strictly (but not consistently) to indicate maternal uncle, could suggest that Tanguy married a daughter of Guyomar [V]. This is also suggested by the absence of the name Tanguy in the Léon family.] m ---. The name of Tanguy’s wife is not known. Tanguy & his wife had one child:

i) BERNARD (-after 1233). An enquiry dated 1233 organised by the barons of Brittany against Duke Pierre I records that “Bernardus dictus Tangui miles” claimed navigation rights and “Bernardus filius Tengui” asserted rights held by “avus ipsius et pater et avunculus” and naming “Guidomarus...Herveus de Leonia”[209].

2. HERVE (-21 Jul 1203). Twin with his brother Guyomar: Guillaume le Breton’s early 13th century Philippide records “geminos…leones Britigenas fratres Herveum cum Guidomarcho”[210]. Seigneur de Léon.

- see below.

3. [ADAM de Léon (-Acre 1191). Roger of Hoveden names “...Adam de Leume...” among those who died during the siege of Acre[211]. If this refers to “Léon”, the chronology suggests that Adam may have been the son of Guyomar [III] although Adam may have been a knight who adopted the name of the castle without being directly related to the vicecomital family.]

4. --- de Léon . Robert of Torigny records the marriage in 1167 of "comes Eudes" and "Guihunmanus filius Hervei vicecomes Leonensis…filiam" but does not name her[212]. m (Aug 1167) as his second wife, EUDES Vicomte de Porhoët, son of GEOFFROY Vicomte de Porhoët & his wife Hadvise --- (-after 1180). He succeeded in 1148 as EUDES Duke of Brittany, by right of his wife, but was deposed by his stepson in 1156 and taken prisoner by Raoul de Fougères.

5. [SIBYLLE de Léon . Dame de Pléhédel: a letter from Alain de Kerroual to Henri [III] d’Avaugour, dated 1294, names “Raoul...vicompte de Pleuheudel” as son and heir of “Geffroy vicompte et...Sibille de Léon”, the latter bringing Pléhédel to her husband in 1166[213]. The chronology suggests that Sibylle was the daughter of Guyomar [III]. m ([1166]) GEOFFROY de Boisgelin, son of ---.]

6. [ENOGUEN . Le Baud records that André married secondly “Guen sœur de Guyomar et de Hervé Seigneurs de Leon” by whom he had “une fille...Emme”[214]. The primary source which confirms this information has not been identified. It should be noted that, concerning the parentage of André de Vitré’s daughter Emma, Le Baud contradicts himself when recording the marriage in May 1207 of “Emme sa fille qu’il avoit de sa première femme” and “Allard Seigneur de Chasteaugontier et de Nogent-le-Rotroux”[215]. No primary source has been identified which confirms the name of Emma’s mother. If Enoguen existed, the chronology suggests that she would have been much younger than her supposed brothers, presumably born towards the end of her father’s life, unless she was a widow at the time of the marriage to André de Vitré. m [as his second wife,] ANDRE [I] Seigneur de Vitré, son of ROBERT Seigneur de Vitré & his wife Emma de Dinan (before 1155-9 Jun 1210).]

GUYOMAR [VI] de Léon, son of CONAN Vicomte de Léon & his wife [--- de Penthièvre] (-before Mar 1239). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. “Guidomarcus de Leone” confirmed his homage to Louis IX King of France for “toto feodo meo in Britannia” by charter dated May 1231[216]. Guyomar presumably died before Mar 1239, the date of his son’s charter quoted below.

m ---. The name of Guyomar’s wife is not known.

Guyomar [VI] & his wife had one child:

1. HERVE [III] de Léon (-[1264/Nov 1265]). "Herveus de Leonia" confirmed donations made to Saint-Mathieu by “pater meus” by charter dated 1228[217]. Vicomte de Léon. "Herveus vicecomes de Leonia" transferred “villa de Brest et castrum” to “Johannem ducem Brit. et com. Richem.” by charter dated Mar 1239[218]. The Chronicon Britannicum records in 1240 the war between "Joannem ducem Britanniæ" and “Herveum de Leonia”[219]. A charter dated 7 Jun 1254 records a loan by "Herveo vicecomite Leonie" to "Johannes dux Britannie comes Richemondie"[220]. A charter dated 1262 records the settlement of a dispute between “Herveu de Leon sinnor de Chateunove chevaleir” and “Herveu le fiuz Guiomarc de Leon hequier”[221]. He is named as deceased in his wife’s Nov 1265 charter. m MARGILIA, daughter of --- (-after Nov 1265). “Hervé viconte de Leon” affirmed the customs of the port of Saint-Mahé to “Jahan duc Bretanne...o la volenté Margilie nostre mere la deguerpie Hervé nostre pere viconte de Leon jadis” by charter dated Nov 1265[222]. Hervé [III] & his wife had four children:

a) HERVE [IV] de Léon (-[before Nov 1281 or after 7 Jun 1298]). Vicomte de Léon. “Hervé viconte de Leon” affirmed the customs of the port of Saint-Mahé to “Jahan duc Bretanne...o la volenté Margilie nostre mere la deguerpie Hervé nostre pere viconte de Leon jadis” by charter dated Nov 1265[223]. A charter dated Sep 1273 records the sale by "Herveus vicecomes Leonie" of various properties to pay a debt to a citizen of Guingamp[224]. “Hervé visconte de Léon” sold the remainder of his patrimony, and property held by “Alen nostre freyre”, to the duke of Brittany by charter dated 26 Oct 1276[225]. The 7 Jun 1298 source cited below under his daughter Amé says that her father was alive at that date. On the other hand Hervé’s wife acted alone as “jadis vicontesse de Leon” in her Nov 1281 charter, suggesting that her husband was already deceased. This apparent contradiction has not been explained. m (contract 5 May 1265) CATHERINE de Laval, daughter of GUY [VII] de Montmorency Seigneur de Laval & his first wife Philippa de Vitré (-1306 or after). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. “Katerine de Laval jadis vicontesse de Leon” acknowledged receipt of payment made by “nostre...Seignour le Duc de Bretaigne” by charter dated Nov 1281[226]. The executors of the testament of Jean II Duke of Brittany assigned dower to "Katerine de Laval Dame de Landevran jadis Viscontesse de Leon", by charter dated Nov 1306[227]. Hervé [IV] & his wife had one child:

i) AME de Léon (-after 1330, bur Beauport). "Prigient de Quoitmain viconte de Tronquedoc et Ame fille…Hervé jadis visconte de Léon, fame audit Prigient" ratified the sale of the county of Léon to "Jahan jadis duc de Bretaigne" by charter dated 7 Jun 1298, which records her father as still living at the time (“nous ledit Prigient et Ame sa fame...prometons...garantir...ledit duc...e touz ceux...et especiaument doudit Hervé père à nous Ame...qui ont ou auront...cause de nous sus les choses desus dites...”)[228]. Chaillou notes a charter dated 1315 which names “Amé de Laval ciscontesse de Coetmen, fille jadis Hervé visconte de Leon” and her death after 1330[229]. m PRIGENT de Coëtmen Vicomte de Tonquedec, son of ROLAND Vicomte de Tronquedec & his wife --- (-after 1300, bur Beauport).

b) ALAIN de Léon (-after 26 Oct 1276). “Hervé visconte de Léon” sold the remainder of his patrimony, and property held by “Alen nostre freyre”, to the duke of Brittany by charter dated 26 Oct 1276[230].

c) AME de Léon (-after Oct 1276). "Rollant de Dinam chevalier et Ames a famme" ratified the sale of the county of Léon by the duke of Brittany by charter dated Oct 1276[231]. m ROLAND de Dinan, son of --- (-after 1 May 1303).

d) --- de Léon . Bertrand d’Argentré records that “le Vicomte de Leon” had two sisters, of whom the younger married “monsieur Gilles de Plouet”, that she left “monsieur Gilles de Plouer son fils, vivant lors de l’enqueste” [referring to the 1341 enquiry into the succession of the duchy of Brittany][232]. m GILLES de Ploeuc, son of ---.

HERVE [I] de Léon, son of GUYOMAR [IV] Vicomte de Léon & his wife Nobilis --- (-21 Jul 1203). Twin with his brother Guyomar: Guillaume le Breton’s early 13th century Philippide records “geminos…leones Britigenas fratres Herveum cum Guidomarcho”[233]. "Guidomarus…Leonensis dominus et uxor suo Nobilis filiique sui Guidomarus et Herveus" founded the abbey of Daoulas by undated charter[234]. Robert of Torigny records that "Gaufridus regis Henrici" kept "Herveo fratre eius" after "Guihummaro juniori" was allowed to inherit part of his father's property after their castle was captured in 1179[235]. "Alanus vicecomes de Rohan...cum uxore mea Constancia" founded Bonrepos abbey for his own burial and that of "Alanus filius meus", with the consent of “Alano filio meo”, and donated property “in Britannia et in Anglia...in episcopate Eliensi...ecclesiam de Fuleburne...”, witnessed by “Herveo de Leon, Herveo filio Comitis...”, a second version of the document dated 20 Jun 1184 recording the consent of “Alano et Guillelmo filiis meis”, and a third version, undated, the consent of “Margarita et Ælizia filiabus meis” (witnessed by “Eudone filio Comitis, Henrico fratre eius, Herveo de Leuns, Daniele Senescallo, Galterio filio Ruelloni...”)[236]. "Herveus de Leonia" confirmed the donations of property made by "H. de Leonia avi nostri…G. pater meus et N. mater mea et G. frater" to the church of Dol by charter dated 1186[237]. [The Scripta de Feodis of King Philippe II, dated to the early 13th century, record “...Guihomar de Leone, Herveus de Leone...” among “milites Britanniæ”[238]. It is likely that this entry relates to Guyomar [V] and his brother Hervé.] The necrology of Landévennec records the death “XII Kal Aug 1203” of “Herveus de Leonia miles frater noster”[239].

m [MARGUERITE] de Rohan, daughter of ALAIN [III] Vicomte de Rohan & his first wife Constance de Penthièvre. The Chronicon Gaufredi Vosiensis records that a daughter of "Helenus de Roem" and his wife married "Arveus de Leon filius Guimar"[240]. Her name is suggested by the Chronicon Britannicum which records the death in 1218 of [her son] "Herveus de Leonia, filius Margiliæ, de transmarinis partibus redeundo"[241].

Hervé [I] & his wife had [five] children:

1. HERVE [ÌI] (-off Brindisi 23 Nov 1218). "H. de Leonia" donated property to Saint-Mathieu, with the consent of "Alanus et Salomo et Guiomard fratres mei",, by charter dated 1206, witnessed by “Yvo filius alterius Salomonis senescallus, H. filius alterius...”[242]. Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius” but was shipwrecked “in littus juxta Brundusium” where all hands lost their lives[243]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1218 of "Herveus de Leonia, filius Margiliæ, de transmarinis partibus redeundo"[244]. The necrology of Landévennec records the death “IX Kal Dec” of “Herveus de Leonia peregrinus Hierosolimatanus”[245]. m [firstly] --- de Hennebont, daughter of HENRI Seigneur de Hennebont & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are indicated by the castles of Vieil-Hennebont and Tréfaven, inherited by the daughter of Henri Seigneur de Hennebont, later passing to Hervé [III] de Léon[246]. [m secondly [--- du Faou, daughter of --- Vicomte du Faou & his wife ---]. Her family origin and this possible marriage are suggested by Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti which records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius”[247]. The marriage is not certain as an alternative interpretation of “sororio” could be that Morvan Vicomte du Faou married a sister of Hervé [II]. If the information is correct, this person would have been Hervé’s second wife.] Hervé [II] & his [first] wife had one child:

a) HERVE [III] de Léon (-1241). His parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 1 May 1265 which records the settlement of a dispute between “Herveus filius Salomonis de Leonia miles” and “dominum Herveum de Leonia dominum Castri-novi”, referring to property “apud Minichi-Paul et apud Baz insulam ratione domini Hervei de Leonia quondam avi nostri” and the situation “tempore defunctorum domini Salamonis quondam patris nostri et Hervei de Leonia quondam patris dicti domini Hervei de Leonia domini Castri-novi”[248]. "...Herveus de Leonia, Conanus de Leonia, Solimanus de Leonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1225 (vidimus dated 6 Jan 1408) under which Pierre Duke of Brittany founded Saint-Aubin du Cormier[249]. The Chronicon Britannicum records in 1240 the death of "Herveus de Leonia filius Hervei...redeundo de partibus transmarinis"[250]. m MARGUERITE de Châteauneuf, daughter of HUGUES Seigneur de Châteauneuf & his wife Eléonore de Dreux. Merlet records her parentage and marriage, noting a charter (no citation reference, no date) in which she is named “dame pour un tiers de Châteauneuf”[251]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. Hervé [III] & his wife had two children:

i) HERVE [IV] de Léon ([1230/40]-after Sep 1281). His birth date is estimated from the estimated birth date of his son Hervé [V]. If this date is correct, Hervé [IV] was a child when his father died. Seigneur de Châteauneuf (¹/₃), inherited from his mother. A charter dated 19 Apr 1262 records an agreement between “Herveu de Leon Sinnor de Chateunove chevalier” and “Herveu le fiuz Guiomarc de Leon hequier” concerning family property[252]. A charter dated 1 May 1265 records the settlement of a dispute between “Herveus filius Salomonis de Leonia miles” and “dominum Herveum de Leonia dominum Castri-novi”, referring to property “apud Minichi-Paul et apud Baz insulam ratione domini Hervei de Leonia quondam avi nostri” and the situation “tempore defunctorum domini Salamonis quondam patris nostri et Hervei de Leonia quondam patris dicti domini Hervei de Leonia domini Castri-novi”[253]. “Herveus de Leonia miles dominus Castri-novi” reached agreement with the abbey of la Joie by charter dated May 1281[254]. Hervé [IV] and his wife exchanged “tout ce qui leur appartenait en Châteauneuf et Senonches” with Philippe III King of France by charter dated Sep 1281[255]. m ([1254/64]) MATHILDE de Poissy Dame de Noyon-sur-Andelle, daughter of [GUILLAUME [II] de Poissy Seigneur de Hacqueville et de Noyon-sur-Andelle & his wife Isabelle ---] (-after Sep 1281). A proxy dated 1281 names “Matildis de Poissiaco domina de Novion et de Leonia, uxor...domini Hervei de Leonis militis”[256]. Her marriage date is estimated from the likely birth date of her son. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. As heiress of Noyon-sur-Andelle, Mathilde could have been the daughter of Robert [IV] de Poissy or the oldest of his unnamed sisters. The chronology of the Léon family suggests the latter possibility is more likely. Hervé [IV] and his wife exchanged “tout ce qui leur appartenait en Châteauneuf et Senonches” with Philippe III King of France by charter dated Sep 1281[257]. Hervé [IV] & his wife had [four] children:

(a) HERVE [V] de Léon ([1255/65]-1304). Jean Duke of Brittany issued judgment against “Hervé de Leon chevalier seigneur de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fils chevalier...[et] Guillaume de Leon fils doudit Hervé le pere” who were suspected in the death of “Alain Nuz jadis chevalier” dated Feb 1296[258].

- see below.

(b) GUILLAUME de Léon (-after 1281). Bishop of Saint-Pol-de-Léon.

(c) AMICE de Léon (-before 8 Jun 1323). "Hervé de Léon chevalier sire de Noion" and "Estienne Gauvein de la Roche-Moisan chevalier" settled their dispute about the succession of “feu Guillaume de la Roche...pour la reison de Madame Amice Séole seur au père audit...Hervé de Léon” by charter dated 8 Jun 1323[259]. m GUILLAUME de la Roche-Moysan, son of --- (-before 8 Jun 1323).

(d) [ISABELLE de Léon . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage (no sources cited)[260]. The primary sources which confirm this information have not been identified. m as his second wife, GUILLAUME d’Harcourt Seigneur de la Saussaye, son of JEAN [I] Seigneur d’Harcourt & his wife Alix de Beaumont (-11 Aug 1337, bur La Saussaye).]

ii) CATHERINE de Léon . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m JUHAËL d’Avaugour, son of HENRI d'Avaugour ex-Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Marguerite de Mayenne.

2. ALAIN de Léon (-after 1206). "H. de Leonia" donated property to Saint-Mathieu, with the consent of "Alanus et Salomo et Guiomard fratres mei",, by charter dated 1206, witnessed by “Yvo filius alterius Salomonis senescallus, H. filius alterius...”[261].

3. SALOMON de Léon (-20 Apr 1223). "H. de Leonia" donated property to Saint-Mathieu, with the consent of "Alanus et Salomo et Guiomard fratres mei",, by charter dated 1206, witnessed by “Yvo filius alterius Salomonis senescallus, H. filius alterius...”[262]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1 May 1265 quoted below. The necrology of Daoulas records the death “XII Kal Mai 1223” of “Salomon de Leonia”[263]. m ---. The name of Salomon’s wife is not known. Salomon & his wife had one child:

a) HERVE de Léon (-[1 May 1265/Feb 1279]). A charter dated 1 May 1265 records the settlement of a dispute between “Herveus filius Salomonis de Leonia miles” (with the consent of “Salamonis filii nostri primogeniti et spontanea nostra”) and “dominum Herveum de Leonia dominum Castri-novi”, referring to property “apud Minichi-Paul et apud Baz insulam ratione domini Hervei de Leonia quondam avi nostri” and the situation “tempore defunctorum domini Salamonis quondam patris nostri et Hervei de Leonia quondam patris dicti domini Hervei de Leonia domini Castri-novi”[264]. He was named as deceased in the Feb 1279 charter quoted below. m --- (-after 1 May 1265). She is referred to, but not named, in the 1 May 1265 charter quoted above. Hervé & his wife had [two or more] children:

i) SALOMON de Léon . A charter dated 1 May 1265 records the settlement of a dispute between “Herveus filius Salomonis de Leonia miles” (with the consent of “Salamonis filii nostri primogeniti et spontanea nostra”) and “dominum Herveum de Leonia dominum Castri-novi”[265].

ii) [one or more other sons . Their existence is confirmed by the 1 May 1265 charter quoted above which names their brother “Salamonis filii nostri primogeniti”.]

iii) HERVE de Léon “de Lesquelen” (-after Feb 1279). Jean I Duke of Brittany confirmed donations of property “in diocesi Leonensi” made to Relec by “defuncto Herveo Salomonis milite” and “Herveo de Leskelen filio suo”, following an agreement between the abbey and “Herveum de Leon militem”, by charter dated Feb 1279[266].

4. GUYOMAR de Léon (-after 1206). "H. de Leonia" donated property to Saint-Mathieu, with the consent of "Alanus et Salomo et Guiomard fratres mei",, by charter dated 1206, witnessed by “Yvo filius alterius Salomonis senescallus, H. filius alterius...”[267]. m ---. The name of Guyomar’s wife is not known. Guyomar & his wife had one child:

a) HERVE de León (-after 19 Apr 1262). A charter dated 19 Apr 1262 records an agreement between “Herveu de Leon Sinnor de Chateunove chevalier” and “Herveu le fiuz Guiomarc de Leon hequier” concerning family property[268].

5. [daughter . The parentage and marriage of this person depends on one interpretation of the following document: Guillaume le Breton’s Gesta Philippi Augusti which records that in 1218 “in hyeme Herveus de Leone” left for Jerusalem after the death “apud Acharon...Morvano vicecomite Fagi sororio eius”[269]. Her existence is not certain as an alternative interpretation of “sororio” indicates that Hervé [II] married a sister of Morvan. m MORVAN Vicomte du Faou, son of --- (-20 Sep 1218).]

HERVE [V] de Léon, son of HERVE [IV] Seigneur de Léon et de Châteauneuf & his wife Mathilde de Poissy ([1255/65]-1304). His birth date is estimated on the basis of his marriage in 1288. Jean Duke of Brittany issued judgment against “Hervé de Leon chevalier seigneur de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fils chevalier...[et] Guillaume de Leon fils doudit Hervé le pere” who were suspected in the death of “Alain Nuz jadis chevalier” dated Feb 1296[270].

m (contract Mar 1288) as her first husband, JEANNE de Rohan, daughter of ALAIN [VI] Vicomte de Rohan & his first wife Isabelle --- (-after Jun 1312). The marriage contract between “Alain vicomte de Rohan chevalier...Joane de Rohan...fille doudit vicomte...madame Ysabiau mere de lad. Joane” and “Hervé de Leon fuiz einzné et principal heir monsour Hervé de Leon” is dated Mar 1288[271]. She married secondly Pierre de Guergolé. "Monseigneur Jehan de Guergollé" ratified the grant of payments to “Pierre de Guergollé...son pere...Janne femme doudit Pierres” by “Olivier Vicomte de Rohan chevalier frere de ladite Joane” by charter dated Apr 1312[272]. "Pierres de Guergolé ou nom de Joanne de Rohan sa femme…a l’octorité de Monsier Rolan de Guergolé son curatour" and “le Vicomte de Rohan freire de ladite Joanne” reached agreement on payments by charter dated early Jun 1312[273].

Hervé [V] & his wife had three children:

1. HERVE [VI] de Léon (-1337). Jean Duke of Brittany issued judgment against “Hervé de Leon chevalier seigneur de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fils chevalier...[et] Guillaume de Leon fils doudit Hervé le pere” who were suspected in the death of “Alain Nuz jadis chevalier” dated Feb 1296[274]. Seigneur de Noyon-sur-Andelle. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1337 of “dominus Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noyone”[275]. m ([1307]) JEANNE de Montmorency Dame de Fremerville et de Choissy, daughter of ERARD de Montmorency Seigneur de Conflans-Sainte-Honorine & his first wife Jeanne de Longueval (-1341). A document dated Jan 1310 (O.S.?) recorded that “Erart de Montmorency chevalier sire de Conflans et Mestre Eschançon de France” confirmed the marriage contract between "Hervi de Lion chevalier seigneur de Noion sur Andelle et de damoiselle Iehanne fille dudit Monsieur Erart", relating to “le chastel de Fremenville...le chastel de Croissy en Brie...”[276]. “Dominus D. Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noyone miles” and “domina D. Johanna de Montmorency domina de Fremerville mater sua et relicta defuncti Dom. Hervei de Leonia militis quondam maritis sui, patris dicti Hervei domini” agreed payments by charter dated 14 Oct 1337[277]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1341 of “domina Johanna de Montmorenci uxor quondam Hervæi de Leonia domini de Noyone militis”[278]. Hervé [VI] & his wife had five children:

a) HERVE [VII] de Léon (-before 20 May 1349). His parentage is confirmed by the marriage contract, dated 19 Jun 1324, between "Hervé de Leon sire de Noion…Hervé de Leon nostre fiuz esné e principal hayr" and "Girart Chabot syre de Rays e de Marchecoul, chevalers…damaysele Margot fille aud. Girart"[279]. Seigneur de Noyon-sur-Andelle. “Olivier fils monsour Guillaume de Leon chevalier” and “monsour Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon” reached agreement concerning “[le] maneir de Caledan” by charter dated May 1331[280]. “Monseigneur Guillaume de Leon chevalier Sire de Haqueville” and “monseigneur Herveu de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon sur Andelle...son oncle” reached agreement concerning money owed by charter dated 1332[281]. “Dominus D. Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noyone miles” and “domina D. Johanna de Montmorency domina de Fremerville mater sua et relicta defuncti Dom. Hervei de Leonia militis quondam maritis sui, patris dicti Hervei domini” agreed payments by charter dated 14 Oct 1337[282]. The testament of Hervé de Léon, dated 1340, refers to revenue from “domini de Derval ex defuncta Johanna quondam sorore nostra procreatis...in contractu matrimonii cum dicta defuncta sorore nostra”, and bequeathed property to “domini Johanni de Leonia cognato nostro...Oliverio de Leonia militi cognato nostro...sororium nostrum...dominum de Derval”[283]. He died before 19 Mar 1349, when his widow was guardian of their children (see below). m firstly (contract 19 Jun 1324) MARGUERITE Chabot, daughter of GERARD Chabot Seigneur de Rays & his wife Marie de Parthenay (-1333). The marriage contract between "Hervé de Leon sire de Noion…Hervé de Leon nostre fiuz esné e principal hayr" and "Girart Chabot syre de Rays e de Marchecoul, chevalers…damaysele Margot fille aud. Girart" is dated 19 Jun 1324[284]. m secondly (before [Mar] 1338) as her first husband, MARGUERITE d’Avaugour, daughter of HENRI [IV] Seigneur d'Avaugour & his wife Jeanne d'Harcourt dame de Laigle (-after 1375). “Monsieur Hervé de Leon” and “Marguerite d’Avaugour sa femme fille de feu monsieur Henri d’Avaugour” claimed part of her father’s succession from “la Dame de Penthievre hoir principal audit sire d’Avaugour [...Charles de Blaes seignor de Penthevre et damiselle Jahanne sa fame Dame de Penthevre” by charter dated [Mar] 1338[285]. “Jeanne Duchesse de Bretagne, Vicomtesse de Limoges, Dame de Guise et de Maenne” granted rights to “nos...tantes les Dames de Leon et de Chateaubrient” relating to the family succession by charter dated 1 Sep 1348[286]. "Ioannis de Montemorenciaco domini de Bellosaltu et de Bretolio" issued a document relating to a lawsuit between “dominam de Turre eius matrem…Margaretam d’Avaugour quondam uxorem Hervei de Leonio, tam suo…nomine quam…ballum…liberorum ispius et dicti Hervei, Erardi, Hervei et Mathei de Montemorenciaco fratrum” and “Aubertum de Longavalle militem tempore que vivebat et Ioannem de Longavalle militem fratres” by charter dated 23 Apr 1351[287]. “Hervieu de Leon escuier Sire [de Noyon] fils de ladite Dame sous age conduit par...Erard de Leon chevalier son oncle et applegé par...Jehan de Leon son cousin” paid dower to “Marguerite d’Alvagor dame de Noyon” by charter dated 11 Jan 1355[288]. She married secondly Geoffroy de Vaulx. Hervé [VII] & his second wife had three children:

i) HERVE [VIII] de Léon (-after 21 Aug 1363). A judgment dated 19 Mar 1349 confirmed rights of “Monsieur Guillaume du Chastellier et pour Dame Amice de Leon sa...compagne” against “Dame Marguerite d’Avaugour Dame de Leon tutrice...de Hervé Seigneur de Leon fils de la dite...Dame”[289]. “Hervieu de Leon escuier Sire [de Noyon] fils de ladite Dame sous age conduit par...Erard de Leon chevalier son oncle et applegé par...Jehan de Leon son cousin” paid dower to “Marguerite d’Alvagor dame de Noyon” by charter dated 11 Jan 1355[290]. The testament of “Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noion”, dated 21 Aug 1363, bequeathed property to “Guillelmo Remondi...Herveo Remondi...sorori meæ dominæ de Guergorlé...Mariæ filiæ domini Erardi de Leonia”[291].

ii) JEANNE de Léon (-10 Sep 1372). The marriage contract between “Vicomte de Rohan” and “Joane de Leon” is undated (but dateable to after Aug 1352 when the bridegroom succeeded to the vicecomital title)[292]. She succeeded her brother of Dame de Léon et Noyon. “Jahan Viconte de Rohan” ratified the testament of “feue...Dame Jehanne n’agueres Dame de Leon et de Noïon Vicontesse de Rohan nostre compaigne” by charter dated 29 Aug 1373[293]. m (after Aug 1352) as his first wife, JEAN Vicomte de Rohan, son of ALAIN [VII] Vicomte de Rohan & his wife Jeanne de Rostrenen (-after 24 Feb 1395).

iii) MARIE de Léon ([1345/49?]-after 20 Aug 1368). The testament of “Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noion”, dated 21 Aug 1363, bequeathed property to “Guillelmo Remondi...Herveo Remondi...sorori meæ dominæ de Guergorlé...Mariæ filiæ domini Erardi de Leonia”[294]. “Monsour Johan Vicomte de Rohan et Madame Johanne de Leon sa femme sur aînée de ladite Madame Marie” granted property to “Messire Jehan de Guergollé Sire de Guergollé et Madame Marie sa femme” relating to the succession of their brother “feu Hervé de Leon Seigneur de Noyon sur Andele” by charter dated 21 Jul 1367[295]. A charter of Charles V King of France dated 21 Jul 1367 records the request made by “Jean Sire de Guergollé et Marie de Leon sa femme seur heritiere pour partie de feu Hervé de Leon Seigneur de Noyon sur Andele” regarding the same succession “Messire Jehan de Guergollé Sire de Guergollé et Madame Marie sa femme” relating to the succession of their brother “feu Hervé de Leon Seigneur de Noyon sur Andele” by charter dated 21 Jul 1367, a charter dated 9 Sep 1367 records a hearing at Rouen in the presence of “Marie de Leon Dame de Guergollé, deguerpie de feu Messire Joan jadis Seigneur de Guergollé...”, a charter dated 20 Aug 1368 records the intervention of “Johan Mallet Seigneur de Guerarville soubs aage...Marie de Leon sa femme...applégié par Monssour Robert Mallet, ses amys...Sire d’Auberville”[296]. m firstly JEAN Seigneur de Kergorlay, son of --- (-[21 Jul/9 Sep] 1367). m secondly ([9 Sep 1367/30 Aug 1368]) JEAN [V] Malet Seigneur de Graville, son of JEAN [IV] Malet Seigneur de Graville & his wife --- ([after 1347?]-).

b) ERARD de Léon . “Monsieur Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon sur Andelle” granted property to “Erard de Leon son frere” under succession of “feu Monsier Hervé de Leon leur pere et...de Dame Jeanne de Montmorency leur mere” by charter dated May 1339[297]. “Hervieu de Leon escuier Sire [de Noyon] fils de ladite Dame sous age conduit par...Erard de Leon chevalier son oncle et applegé par...Jehan de Leon son cousin” paid dower to “Marguerite d’Alvagor dame de Noyon” by charter dated 11 Jan 1355[298]. m ---. The name of Erard’s wife is not known. Erard & his wife had one child:

i) MARIE de Léon . The testament of “Herveus de Leonia dominus de Noion”, dated 21 Aug 1363, bequeathed property to “Guillelmo Remondi...Herveo Remondi...sorori meæ dominæ de Guergorlé...Mariæ filiæ domini Erardi de Leonia”[299].

c) MATHILDE [Comtesse] de Léon (-after 11 Apr 1328). The marriage contract between "Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon...Mahaut appellée Comtesse fille au dit Sire de Leon" and “Geffroi Seignour dou Pont-l’Abbè escuier...Hervé fils ainé au dit Seignour du Pont” is dated 1318[300]. A charter dated 11 Apr 1328 records that “Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon” granted property to “Hervé dou Pontlabbé o Comtesse sa fame fille doudit Monsour Hervé” by charter dated Nov 1327[301]. m (contract 1318) HERVE du Pont-l’Abbé, son of GEOFFROY Seigneur du Pont-l’Abbé & his wife --- (-after 11 Apr 1328).

d) JEANNE de Léon (-after Nov 1327). The marriage contract between “Monsieur Olivier Vicomte de Rohan” and “Jeanne fille aiennée Mons. Hervé de Leon” is dated Oct 1322[302]. “Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon” granted property to “Jeanne de Leon sa fille jadis viscomtesse de Rochan” by charter dated Nov 1327[303]. m (contract Oct 1322) as his second wife, OLIVIER Vicomte de Rohan, son of ALAIN Vicomte de Rohan & his wife Thomasse de la Rochebernard (-1326).

e) AMICE de Léon (-after 21 Nov 1377). “Monsieur Hervé de Leon son frere” granted property to “Amice de Leon fille de feu monsieur Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon” under the succession of “dudit feu monsieur Hervé et de dame Jeanne de Montmorency, pere et mere desdits monsieur Hervé et Amice” by charter dated end Mar 1338[304]. The marriage contract between “Monsieur Olivier de Tinteniac” and “Amice de Leon...Monsieur Hervé de Leon frere esné de ladite Amice” is dated May 1343[305]. Philippe VI King of France confirmed to “le seigneur du Chastellier et Amice de Leon sa femme” rights under the marriage contract between “Olivier de Tinteniac et de Amice de Leon sueur feu Hervé de Leon” by charter dated 20 May 1349[306]. A judgment dated 19 Mar 1349 confirmed rights of “Monsieur Guillaume du Chastellier et pour Dame Amice de Leon sa...compagne” against “Dame Marguerite d’Avaugour Dame de Leon tutrice...de Hervé Seigneur de Leon fils de la dite...Dame”[307]. Charles V King of France confirmed privileges to “Jehan Seigneur de Chastelier chevalier...et Amice [sa mere]”, granted under the marriage contract of “feu Olivier de Tinteniac jadis chevalier et de Amice de Leon sa femme”, the latter being married secondly to “feu Guillaume jadis Seigneur du Chastelier chevalier”, by charter dated 21 Nov 1377[308]. m firstly (contract May 1343) OLIVIER de Tinteniac, son of ---. m secondly (before 20 May 1349) GUILLAUME Seigneur de Chastellier, son of --- (-before Nov 1377).

2. GUILLAUME de Léon (-before 1332). Jean Duke of Brittany issued judgment against “Hervé de Leon chevalier seigneur de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fils chevalier...[et] Guillaume de Leon fils doudit Hervé le pere” who were suspected in the death of “Alain Nuz jadis chevalier” dated Feb 1296[309]. Seigneur de Hacqueville. The 1332 charter of his son Guillaume, quoted below, indicates that Guillaume senior was deceased at the time. m (contract 1301) CATHERINE de la Roche-Bernard, daughter of EON de la Roche-Bernard & his wife ---. The marriage contract between "Eon Seigneur de la Rochebernard et Bernard son fiulz chevaliers...Catherine fille dou dit Eon et sœur au dit Bernard" and “monseignor Hervé de Leon seignor de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fiulz ainé chevaliers...Guillaume de Leon fiulz dudit Hervé de Chateauneuf” is dated 1301, which refers to property granted to "madame Amice de Leon fille dou dit monseignor Hervé de Leon et seur dou dit Guillaume de Leon en mariage"[310]. Guillaume & his wife had children:

a) GUILLAUME de Léon (-before Nov 1352). Seigneur de Hacqueville. “Monseigneur Guillaume de Leon chevalier Sire de Haqueville” and “monseigneur Herveu de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon sur Andelle...son oncle” reached agreement concerning money owed by charter dated 1332[311].

- SEIGNEURS de HACQUEVILLE[312].

b) OLIVIER de Léon (-after May 1331). It has not been confirmed that Olivier was the son of Guillaume de Léon who is named above. “Olivier fils monsour Guillaume de Leon chevalier” and “monsour Hervé de Leon chevalier Sire de Noyon” reached agreement concerning “[le] maneir de Caledan” by charter dated May 1331[313].

3. AMICE de Léon (-1337). The marriage contract between "Eon Seigneur de la Rochebernard et Bernard son fiulz chevaliers...Catherine fille dou dit Eon et sœur au dit Bernard" and “monseignor Hervé de Leon seignor de Chateauneuf et Hervé de Leon son fiulz ainé chevaliers...Guillaume de Leon fiulz dudit Hervé de Chateauneuf” is dated 1301, which refers to property granted to "madame Amice de Leon fille dou dit monseignor Hervé de Leon et seur dou dit Guillaume de Leon en mariage"[314]. m (1301 or before) BERNARD de la Rochebernard, son of EON de la Rochebernard & his wife ---.

Chapter 2. PENTHIEVRE

A. COMTES de GOËLO et de PENTEVR

The county of Goëlo lay on the northern coast of Brittany, centred on Château-Goëlo. Information has been found in the primary sources about only three counts in this county. It is not known whether they belonged to the same family. The territory of the county of Goëlo constituted the central part of the county of Penthièvre which was formed in the early 11th century (see Part B). Penthièvre was the name given to the fief, granted in [1034/36] to Eudes de Bretagne younger son of Geoffroy I Duke of Brittany, which lay along the northern coast of Brittany from the river Couesnon in the east to Morlaix in the west, and included the territory of the bishoprics of Dol, Aleth, Saint-Brieuc and Tréguier[315].

1. MORWETEN (-after 9 Jul 871). "…Riuuelen comes, Pascuethen comes, Bran comes…Jedecael princeps Poucher…Moruuethen comes…Riuallon et Guigon filii Salomonis…" witnessed the charter dated 9 Jul 871 relating to a dispute involving the abbey of Redon[316]. La Borderie suggests that Morweten was comte de Goëlo, but this appears to be by process of elimination of the other known Breton counts and counties in the 9th century[317].

2. NOMINOE (-after 958). "Nemenoci comitis, Hoiellaguni comitis" subscribed a charter of Saint-Florent de Saumur dated 958[318]. "Numinoæ comitis…Jestin vicecomitis…" signed a donation to Landevenec by "vir…stemate regalium ortus…Moysen" by undated charter dated to the mid-10th century[319].

3. HOEL-LAGUN (-after 958). "Alanus dux Britonum" donated property to Landevenec by undated charter, dated to [940/50], witnessed by "Alan dux, Iudhæel comes…Houuel comes…Iestin vicecomes, Diles vicecomes…"[320]. "Nemenoci comitis, Hoiellaguni comitis" subscribed a charter of Saint-Florent de Saumur dated 958[321].

B. COMTES de PENTHIEVRE

EUDES de Bretagne, son of GEOFFROY I Duke of Brittany & his wife Havise de Normandie (-Cesson 1079, bur Saint-Brieuc). Guillaume of Jumièges names “Emma...secunda Hadvis...tertia Mathildis” as the three daughters of Richard and his wife “Gunnor ex nobilissima Danorum prosapia ortam”, adding that Havise married “Goiffredo Britannorum comiti” by whom she had “Alanum et Eudonem duces”[322]. A charter dated 1008 records that, after the death of "Gaufrido comite Britanniæ", "filii eius Alanus et Eudo cum matre eorum Hadeguisia" restored the abbey of Saint-Méen[323]. "Alanus et Egio Britannorum monarchi" founded the priory of Livré "in pago Redonensi" by charter dated to [1013/22], signed by "…Aduise matre eorum comitum, Rivalloni vicarii, Triscanni…"[324]. A charter dated 1026 recalls that "Gaufridus, Conani Curvi filius" was killed "apud Concuruz prelium", recalling that "quo defuncto, Alanus filius eius…renum patris suscipiens", witnessed by "Alanus comes…Heudo frater eius"[325]. He appears to have ruled Brittany jointly with his brother until the death of their mother in 1034. Following disputes with his brother, a division of territories was agreed, Eudes taking the dioceses of Dol, Saint Malo, Saint Brieuc and Tréguier, at which time he can be said to have become Comte de Penthièvre. "Manigenius…miles" founded the priory of Saint-Cyr-lès-Rennes and donated it to Tours Saint-Julien by charter dated 23 May 1037, subscribed by "Alanus dux…Eudonis fratris Alani ducis Britannorum, Gotzelini vicecomitis, Rualentis domini Doli…"[326]. After the death of his brother in 1040, Eudes seized Brittany and excluded his nephew, succeeding as EUDES I Duke of Brittany. According to Orderic Vitalis, Eudes ruled the country "freely without acknowledging any lord for 15 years"[327]. However, his nephew retaliated, captured Eudes and imprisoned him in chains[328]. "Comes Eudo et nepos eius Gaufridus, Robertus vicecomes et frater eius Eudo…Guichomarus filius Alani vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 relating to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[329]. "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[330]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1079 of "Eudo Dux Britanniæ"[331].

m ORGUEN [Agnes] de Cornouaïlle, daughter of ALAIN "Caignard" Comte de Cornouaïlle & his wife Judith de Nantes . "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[332]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

Mistresses (1) - (x): ---. The names of Eudes's mistresses are not known.

Comte Eudes & his wife had six children:

1. GEOFFROY "Boterel" de Bretagne (-killed in battle Dol 24 Aug [1091/93], bur Saint-Brieuc). "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[333]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1084], cited below, which confirms that he was the brother of Brien, combined with Guillaume de Jumièges naming Brien's parents (see below). He succeeded his father as Comte de Penthièvre et de Tréguier. The Chronicon Briocensi records that, after the death of his father, "Gaufridus filius Eudonis" rebelled against "Conanus Dux" but was forced to flee[334]. "Gauffredus comes filius Eudonis comitis" founded the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by charter dated 1083, signed by "Gauffredus ipse comes, Rotbertus frater eius…Haimo vicecomes…"[335]. "Geoffrey count of the Bretons called Boterel" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Florent, Saumur with the consent of "all his brothers namely Brientius comes Angliæ terræ, and Alan Rufus his successor and another Alan who was called Niger, this third succeeded him in the kingdom" by charter dated to [1084][336]. The Chronicon Britannico records that "Gaufredus Botherel" was killed in 1091[337]. The Chronicon Ruyensis Cœnobii records that "Gaufredus Comes" was killed "apud castrum Dolense" in 1092[338]. The Chronicon Britannico Alter records that "Comes Gaufridus filius Eudonis Ducis" was killed in 1093 "IX Kal Sep…apud Dolum, Archiepiscopatum Britanniæ"[339]. m ---. The name of Geoffroy's wife is not known. Geoffroy & his wife had [one child]:

a) [CONAN (-killed in battle Antioch 9 Feb 1098). Albert of Aix names "…domnus Alens cognomine Fercans, Conans quoque, ambo principes Brittanorum…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[340]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Conanus quoque Brito filius Gaufredi comitis" took part in the siege of Nikea in 1097[341]. He may have been the son of Geoffroy Comte de Penthièvre. However, if this is correct, it is puzzling that no record has been found of Conan holding the county of Pe nthièvre after his father.]

2. ALAIN "Rufus/the Red" de Bretagne (-4 Aug 1093, bur Bury St Edmunds). "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[342]. It is not known whether "Alanus" in this charter refers to Alain "Rufus" or to Alain "Niger". The fact that only one of these sons is named in this document suggests that the other was illegitimate. For the purpose of presentation in this document, it has been assumed that the illegitimate son was Alain "Niger", who succeeded to the honours in Yorkshire after the death of his [half-]brother Alain "Rufus", but this is not beyond all doubt. The Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ names "Alanum…Rufum…Alanus Niger…Stephanus" as the three sons of "Eudo Comes Britanniæ", stating that Alain "Rufus" came to England with "Willelmo bastard Duce Normanniæ" who awarded him the "honorem et Comitatum Comitis Edwini in Eborakshire…Richmundshire" and built "castrum Richemont" but died childless and was buried "apud S Edmundum"[343]. He is said to have commanded the Breton contingent, with his brother Alain "the Black", at the battle of Hastings in 1066. He was granted land in Yorkshire by William I King of England, where he built the castle of Richmond. A manuscript which records the foundation of York St Mary records that “comes…Alanus nobiliorum Britanniæ prosapia exortus, Eudonis…comitis Britanniæ filius” founded “ecclesiam in honore S. Olavi…juxta civitatem Eboraci” and in 1088 founded the abbey on “burgum…extra civitatem juxta ipsam civitatem”[344]. “Comes Alanus Rufus” donated property to Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire, for the soul of “patris sui Eudonis comitis”, by undated charter witnessed by “…Ribaldus et Bardulfus fratres comitis…”[345]. He commanded the king's garrison in Normandy at the time of the siege of the castle of Sa inte-Suzanne in [1083/85][346]. "Omnes fratres eius: Briennius…comes Anglice terre et Alanus Rufus eius…successor…alter Alanus qui et Niger dicebatur…tertius successit in regno et quidam qui sororem eius bastardam uxorem duxerat Enisandus de Pleveno" witnessed the charter dated 1084, relating to the foundation of the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Gauffredus Britannorum comes qui et Boterellus cognominabatur"[347]. "Geoffrey count of the Bretons called Boterel" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Florent, Saumur with the consent of "all his brothers namely Brientius comes Angliæ terræ, and Alan Rufus his successor and another Alan who was called Niger, this third succeeded him in the kingdom" by charter dated to [1084][348]. Mistress: GUNHILD, illegitimate daughter of HAROLD II King of England & his mistress Eadgyth Swanneshals (-after 1093). Alan abducted Gunhild, daughter of Harold II King of England, from Wilton Abbey and lived with her[349]. Alain & his mistress had [one possible illegitimate child]:

a) [MATHILDE . Richard Sharp suggests that the wife of Walter [I] de Aincourt was the [illegitimate] daughter of Alain "Rufus" de Bretagne Lord of Richmond & his mistress Gunhild ---[350]. This is based on her apparent royal ancestry which is indicated in the epitaph which records the death of her son "Wi[llelmus] filius Walteri Aiencuriensis…regia styrpe progenitus"[351]. It should be noted that the epitaph ("Wi[llelmus] filius Walteri Aiencuriensis consanguinei Remigii episcopi Lincolniensis…prefatus Willelmus regia styrpe progenitus") distinguishes between Walter’s relationship with the bishop of Lincoln and William’s being “regia styrpe progenitus”, which indicates that the latter connection must come from his mother’s family. Some of the property which she donated to York St Mary was previously held by Alain "Rufus" (including Little Abington in Cambridgeshire, which he had acquired with the lands of "Eddeva Pulcra"). m WALTER [I] de Aincourt, son of --- (-[1103]).]

3. GUILLAUME de Bretagne . "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[352].

4. ROBERT de Bretagne (-after 1083). "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[353]. "Gauffredus comes filius Eudonis comitis" founded the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by charter dated 1083, signed by "Gauffredus ipse comes, Rotbertus frater eius…Haimo vicecomes…"[354].

5. RICHARD de Bretagne . "Comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…" witnessed the charter dated to [1056/60] records the history of the acquisition by Angers Saint-Aubin of property "in pago Belvacensi", finally donated by "comiti Britannie Eudoni"[355].

6. ETIENNE de Bretagne ([1058/62]-21 Apr [1135/36], bur York, St Mary or Saint-Brieuc). The Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ names "Alanum…Rufum…Alanus Niger…Stephanus" as the three sons of "Eudo Comes Britanniæ", stating that Etienne succeeded his brother "in honorem Richemundiæ", dying "Id Apr…1164"[356]. His absence from the charter dated to [1056/60], witnessed by "comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…"[357], suggests that he was born after the date of the document or must have been too young to have subscribed it. This hypothesis is also consistent with his death in [1135/36], when he would have been around 75 years old if he had been born towards the end of his father’s life. He succeeded his brother Geoffroy (or Geoffroy's son) [in 1093] as Comte de Penthièvre, and in his other lands in Brittany. He succeeded his brother Alain "the Black" as Lord of Richmond in Yorkshire.

- see below.

Comte Eudes had [eight] illegitimate children by Mistresses (1) - (x):

7. BRIEN [Brient] de Bretagne (-maybe 14 Feb ----). Guillaume of Jumièges records that ”Briennus...Eudonis ducis Britanniæ minoris filius” crushed the rebellion of “duo filii Heraldi regis” who had returned to England from exile in Ireland[358]. The absence of Brien in the charter dated to [1056/60], witnessed by "comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…"[359], suggests that he was illegitimate. He is said to have commanded a band of Bretons, with his brother Alain, at the battle of Hastings 1066. Appointed Lieutenant in south-west England by King William I. Orderic Vitalis records that “duo filii Heraldi regis Angliæ” had fled “ad Dyrmetum regem Hiberniæ” after their father was killed and, with his support, landed at Exeter with 66 ships, ravaged the interior of the country, but were defeated by “Briennius Eudonis comitis Britanniæ minoris filius et Guillelmus Gualdi” and fled back to Ireland[360]. Probably deposed after the rebellion of Ralph de Gaël in 1075. "Geoffrey count of the Bretons called Boterel" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Florent, Saumur with the consent of "all his brothers namely Brientius comes Angliæ terræ, and Alan Rufus his successor and another Alan who was called Niger, this third succeeded him in the kingdom" by charter dated to [1084][361]. "Omnes fratres eius: Briennius…comes Anglice terre et Alanus Rufus eius…successor…alter Alanus qui et Niger dicebatur…tertius successit in regno et quidam qui sororem eius bastardam uxorem duxerat Enisandus de Pleveno" witnessed the charter dated 1084, relating to the foundation of the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Gauffredus Britannorum comes qui et Boterellus cognominabatur"[362]. He lived the remainder of his life as a semi-invalid in Brittany[363].

8. ALAIN "Niger/the Black" de Bretagne (-1098[364]). The Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ names "Alanum…Rufum…Alanus Niger…Stephanus" as the three sons of "Eudo Comes Britanniæ", stating that Alain "Niger" succeeded his brother "in honorem Richemundiæ" but died childless[365]. The mention of only one legitimate son named Alain in the charter dated to [1056/60], witnessed by "comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…"[366], suggests that the other son named Alain was illegitimate. For the purpose of presentation in this document, it has been assumed that the illegitimate son was Alain "Niger", who succeeded to the honours in Yorkshire after the death of his [half-]brother Alain "Rufus", but this is not beyond all doubt. "Geoffrey count of the Bretons called Boterel" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Florent, Saumur with the consent of "all his brothers namely Brientius comes Angliæ terræ, and Alan Rufus his successor and another Alan who was called Niger, this third succeeded him in the kingdom" by charter dated to [1084][367]. "Omnes fratres eius: Briennius…comes Anglice terre et Alanus Rufus eius…successor…alter Alanus qui et Niger dicebatur…tertius successit in regno et quidam qui sororem eius bastardam uxorem duxerat Enisandus de Pleveno" witnessed the charter dated 1084, relating to the foundation of the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Gauffredus Britannorum comes qui et Boterellus cognominabatur"[368]. He succeeded his brother Alain "Rufus/the Red" as Lord of Richmond in Yorkshire. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of “ecclesiam de Gillinge” by “Alanus comes Niger”[369]. Mistress: GUNHILD, illegitimate daughter of HAROLD II King of England & his mistress Eadgyth Swanneshals (-after 1093). Gunhild, his brother's mistress, may have lived with him after her first lover's death[370].

9. [DERIEN . Seigneur de la Roche-Derien. No primary source has been found which confirms the parentage of this person. Du Paz (whose work is of dubious reliability as it includes numerous obvious errors) records “Derien, qui fit bastir un chasteau, de luy nommé la Roche-Derien, en la terre et seigneurie qui luy fut baillée en partage” as a son of Comte Eudes but cites no primary source on which the information is based[371]. Lobineau names “un bastard nommé Derien” as one of the sons of Eudes[372]. He cites no source which confirms Derien’s parentage, but presumably bases his assumption of Derien’s illegitimacy on the following charter: “Ex parte comitis...Deriandus bastardus...” subscribed the undated charter under which “Gaufredus Britannorum comes qui et Boterellus cognominabatur” donated “veterem Lambalam...” to Marmoutiers[373]. However, this document gives no indication of the parentage of the subscriber Derien and other parts of the same document suggest that he was not the son of Eudes at all: after the subscription list, a final clause in the document indicates that “omnes fratres eius Brientius...comes Anglicæ terræ et Alanaus Rufus eius...successor, atque alter Alanus qui et Niger dicebatur, hic etiam tertius successit in regno, et quidam qui sororem bastardam uxorem duxerat, Guisandus de Pleveno”. Despite the phrase “omnes fratres eius”, the list is not exclusive as the donor’s brother Alain, who must have been living at the time, is not included. However, the omission of Derien is surprising, if he had been another brother of the donor, because his subscription shows his presence at the donation.]

10. BODIN (-after 1086). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. In Yorkshire 1086. He became a monk of St Mary's soon after 1086 and gave all his holdings to his brother Bardulf[374].

11. RIBALD . “Ribaldus frater comitis” donated property to St Mary, York, for the soul of “Alani comitis et Beatricis uxoris meæ”, by undated charter[375]. “Comes Alanus Rufus” donated property to Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire, for the soul of “patris sui Eudonis comitis”, by undated charter witnessed by “…Ribaldus et Bardulfus fratres comitis…”[376].

- UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY - MIDDLEHAM.

12. BARDULF . “Comes Alanus Rufus” donated property to Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire, for the soul of “patris sui Eudonis comitis”, by undated charter witnessed by “…Ribaldus et Bardulfus fratres comitis…”[377]. In Yorkshire. m ---. The name of Bardulf’s wife is not known. Bardulf & his wife had [two] children:

a) ACARIAS (-after [1130]). A manuscript history of Joreval Abbey records that “Akarius filius Bardolfi” founded the abbey[378]. “Alanus comes Britanniæ et Angliæ” confirmed the foundation of Joreval Abbey by “Akarius filius Bardolfii” and donated property to the abbey[379]. According to Domesday Descendants, he was ancestor of the FITZHUGH family of Ravensworth[380].

b) [SCOLLAND (-after [1130]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. He was steward to his father's half-brother Stephen of Richmond[381].]

13. ARNALD . He occurs in charters of his half-brother Alain "Niger"[382].

14. daughter . "Omnes fratres eius: Briennius…comes Anglice terre et Alanus Rufus eius…successor…alter Alanus qui et Niger dicebatur…tertius successit in regno et quidam qui sororem eius bastardam uxorem duxerat Enisandus de Pleveno" witnessed the charter dated 1084, relating to the foundation of the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Gauffredus Britannorum comes qui et Boterellus cognominabatur"[383]. Lobineau’s reproduction of the same charter names “Guisandus de Pleveno”[384], which seems to be a more likely name. m GUISAND de Pleveno, son of ---.

ETIENNE de Bretagne, son of EUDES de Bretagne Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Orguen [Agnès] de Cornouaïlle ([1058/62]-21 Apr [1135/36], bur York, St Mary or Saint-Brieuc). The Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ names "Alanum…Rufum…Alanus Niger…Stephanus" as the three sons of "Eudo Comes Britanniæ", stating that Etienne succeeded his brother "in honorem Richemundiæ", dying "Id Apr…1164"[385]. His absence from the charter dated to [1056/60], witnessed by "comes Eudo, uxor eius Orguen et filii eorum Gausfridus, Alanus, Willelmus, Rotbertus, Ricardus…"[386], suggests that he was born after the date of the document or must have been too young to have subscribed it. This hypothesis is also consistent with his death in [1135/36], when he would have been around 75 years old if he had been born towards the end of his father’s life. He succeeded his brother Geoffroy (or Geoffroy's son) [in 1093] as Comte de Penthièvre, and in his other lands in Brittany. He succeeded his brother Alain "the Black" as Lord of Richmond in Yorkshire in 1098. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[387].

m HAVISE de Guingamp, daughter of ---. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[388]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Henricus, comitis Stephani filius" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon, for the souls of "patris…et fratris Stephani…et Alani comitum, matris…mee Hadvise", by charter dated 1148[389].

Comte Etienne & his wife had six children:

1. GEOFFROY "Boterel" [II] de Penthièvre (-1148). The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "le comte Estienne" had three children “Geffroi, Alain et Henri aieul de cest Henri ci-dessus”, adding that Geoffroy succeeded his father who granted him “Lamballe et tout Pentevre” and was in turn succeeded by “son fils Rivallon”[390]. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[391]. He founded the abbey of Bégard, diocese of Tréguer, Brittany, in 1130[392]. Seigneur de Lamballe. He succeeded his father in [1135/36] as Comte de Penthièvre, but quarrelled with his brother over their father's inheritance. The Gesta Stephani Regis names "Boterellus quidam comes Britanniæ" among the supporters of Empress Matilda in the English civil war[393]. He left England whereupon his earldom reverted to the crown[394]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1148 of "Gaufridus Comes Boterellus"[395]. [396]m HAWISE de Dol, daughter of JEAN [I] de Dol-Combour & his wife --. Her parentage and marriage are indicated by an undated charter which records that "Johannes dominus Dolensis cum Noga matre mea" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "comite Stephano nepote nostro" [her grandson][397]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified, although she is named “H” in the charter of her son dated 1152. Comte Geoffroy & his wife had one child:

a) RIVALLON de Penthièvre (-[1154]). The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "le comte Estienne" had three children “Geffroi, Alain et Henri aieul de cest Henri ci-dessus”, adding that Geoffroy succeeded his father who granted him “Lamballe et tout Pentevre” and was in turn succeeded by “son fils Rivallon”[398]. "R….Britannie comes" donated property to Saint-Melaine de Rennes, for the souls of "patris mei G. et matris mee H.", by charter dated 1152[399]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Penthièvre. m ---. The name of Rivallon’s wife is not known. Rivallon & his wife had three children:

i) ETIENNE de Penthièvre (-1164). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the undated charter quoted below. Du Paz names “Estienne Comte de Lambale...fils aisné de Riualon premier”, adding that he and his brother Geoffroy confirmd their father’s donation of “leur usage en la forest de Lanmur” to Saint-Aubin des Bois (the date “1093” being added in the margin, which is surprising considering the chronology of the family) but does not cite the source reference[400]. He succeeded his father in 1154 as Comte de Penthièvre. "Johannes dominus Dolensis cum Noga matre mea" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "comite Stephano nepote nostro", by undated charter[401]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1164 of "Stephanus Comes…leprosus"[402].

ii) GEOFFROY "Boterel" [III] de Penthièvre (-after [1204]). He succeeded his brother in 1164 as Comte de Penthièvre. "G. comes Boterellus comitis Riwalloni filius" confirmed the donations to St Aubin des Bois made by "antecessores major G. comes Boterellus et comes Rivalonus et subsequens comes Stephanus" by charter dated 1177[403]. "Gaufridus de Lamballia, comes, filius Rivalloni comitis" confirmed donations made to St Aubin des Bois by "Gaufridus comes Boterel avus meus et comes Rivallonus pater meus" by undated charter[404]. He ceded Penthièvre to his cousin Alain de Bretagne in [1204]: the undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "Geffroi comte de Lamballe fils [de] Rivallon" granted “Pentevre et son droit de primogeniture en toute la terre qu’il avoit en Bretagne” to “Alain fils [de] Henri” before the French king, with the consent of “ses neveux, enfans de O. Tournemine et d’Edie sa sœur”[405].

iii) EDIE de Penthièvre . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour which states that "Geffroi comte de Lamballe fils [de] Rivallon" granted “Pentevre et son droit de primogeniture en toute la terre qu’il avoit en Bretagne” to “Alain fils [de] Henri” before the French king, with the consent of “ses neveux, enfans de O. Tournemine et d’Edie sa sœur”[406]. m GEOFFROY Tournemine, son of ---.

2. ALAIN "le Noir" de Penthièvre (before 1100-in Brittany 15 Sep 1146, bur Bégard Monastery). The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "le comte Estienne" had three children “Geffroi, Alain et Henri aieul de cest Henri ci-dessus”, adding that Alain was sent to England and was “comte de Richemont” and was in turn succeeded by “son fils Rivallon”[407]. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[408]. The Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ names "Alanum" as son of "Stefanus frater…Alani", stating that he succeeded his father "in honorem Richemundiæ", dying "in Britannia III Kal Apr…1166" and his burial "apud Begar"[409]. He succeeded his father in [1135/36] as Lord of Richmond in Yorkshire. "Alan comes et indigena of England and count of Brittany" donated property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Sauvigny by charter dated to [1137/46], subscribed by "…Hainrico fratre meo…"[410]. He supported King Stephen in the English civil war[411]. Seigneur de Guingamp. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1146 of "Alanus Comes in Anglia atque in Britannia"[412]. The Chronicon Kemperlegiensis records the death in 1146 of "Alanus Niger, Conani Ducis gener"[413]. The Chronicon Ruyensis Cœnobii records the death in 1146 of "Alanus Niger Comes"[414]. m ([1137]) as her first marriage, BERTHE de Bretagne, daughter of CONAN III Duke of Brittany & his wife Matilda, illegitimate daughter of Henry I King of England (-[1162/67). The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "le comte Estienne" had three children “Geffroi, Alain et Henri aieul de cest Henri ci-dessus”, adding that Alain was sent to England, was “comte de Richemont”, and on his return married “la fille de Conan comte de Rennes”[415]. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[416]. Her first marriage is suggested by the Chronicon Kemperlegiensis which records the death in 1146 of "Alanus Niger, Conani Ducis gener"[417]. The Chronicon Britannico Alter records the death in 1148 of "Conanus Dux Britanniæ" and records that he had disinherited "Hoellus…suum…filium" and that he appointed as his successor "Eudone Vicecomite Porhoëtensi" who had married "sororem eius Bertam"[418]. She married secondly (1148 or before) Eudon Vicomte de Porhoët, who was recognised as Duke of Brittany on the death of Conan III in 1148. Mistress (1): ---. The names of Alain's mistress is not known. Alain "le Noir" & his wife had four children:

a) CONAN de Penthièvre ([1138]-18 or 20 Feb 1171, bur Bégard Monastery). The Chronicæ Sancti Albini names "Conanus junior, comes Britanniæ, Alani comitis filius et Berta mater eius comitissa" when recording his death[419]. He succeeded as CONAN IV "le Petit" Duke of Brittany.

- DUKES of BRITTANY.

b) CONSTANCE de Penthièvre ([1138/46]-after 23 Jun 1184). "Conan dux Britannie comes Richmundie" confirmed the donation of Plubihan and Plougasnou to Saint-Georges de Rennes by charter to [1156/69], witnessed by "Margarita comitissa, Willelmo filio Hamon, Alano de Rohan, Constancia sorore comitis…"[420]. The Chronicon Gaufredi Vosiensis records that "aliam germanam Conani" married "Helenus de Roem"[421]. "Alanus vicecomes de Rohan…cum uxore mea Constantia" founded the abbey of Bon-Repos, as a burial place for himself and "Alanus filius meus", with the consent of "Alano et Guillelmo filiis meus", by charter dated 23 Jun 1184[422]. m ALAIN [III] Vicomte de Rohan, son of ALAIN [II] Vicomte de Rohan & his wife --- (-[1195]).

c) ENOGUEN de Penthièvre (-[1187]). "Conanus dux Britanniæ..." granted "terram suam de Merle" to "Ennoguent sorori meæ et sanctimonialbus sancti Sulpicii" by undated charter, witnessed by "Marguarita comitissa…"[423]. Nun at Saint Sulpice, Rennes. Abbess [1171].

Alain "le Noir" had one illegitimate child by Mistress (1):

d) ROBERT "Brito" (-[after 1155]). "…Roberto fratre comitis…" witnessed the charter dated to 1155 or before under which "Conanus dux Britannie et comes Richemundie" donated "ecclesiam de Gaituna" to Kirkstead Abbey[424]. He and his wife gave 9 acres of land in "Brochesdune" to Thetford priory[425]. m BEATRICE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified.

3. HENRI de Penthièvre ([1100]-early 1183). The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "le comte Estienne" had three children “Geffroi, Alain et Henri aieul de cest Henri ci-dessus”, adding that Henri remained with his father and succeeded him “aux terres de Treguer et Guengamp”, was expelled “après la mort du comte Alain” by “son fils Conan...à l’aide du vicomte de Rohan”, but later recovered his territories[426]. “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[427]. He succeeded his father in [1136] as Comte de Tréguier et de Guingamp. "Alan comes et indigena of England and count of Brittany" donated property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Sauvigny by charter dated to [1137/46], subscribed by "…Hainrico fratre meo…"[428].

- see below.

4. MATHILDE de Penthièvre . A manuscript genealogy of the Gant family records that “Walterus”, son of “Giselbertus de Gaunt”, married “Matildam filiam comitis Stephani Britanniæ”, bringing “Swaldale” as dowry[429]. “Matildis filia consulis Stephani Britanniæ, uxor Walteri de Gaunt” donated property to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[430]. m WALTER de Gand, son of GILBERT de Gand & his wife Alice [Emma] de Montfort-sur-Risle (-1139, bur Bardney Abbey). He became a monk at Bardney.

5. TIPHAINE de Penthièvre . The Testa de Nevill records that "Coleby" in Lincolnshire previously belonged "de honore Britannie" and was granted "in maritagio cum Thephania filia comitis Stephani" and later "in maritagio cum Oliva sorore Willelmi camerarii de Tancarville"[431]. m as his first wife, RABEL de Tancarville, son of GUILLAUME de Tancarville & his wife Mathilde d'Arques (-1140). Chamberlain of Normandy[432].

6. OLIVE de Penthièvre . "Radulfus Filgeriensis dominus" founded Rillé abbey, confirming donations made by "Aufredus de Filgeriis et Maino proavus meus et Aaledis uxor sua et Radulfus avus meus...Henricus pater meus" to Fougères, with the consent of “fratribus meis Frangalo et Guillermo”, by undated charter, which also records a donation made by “Oliva mater mea”[433]. Her two marriages are confirmed by the charter dated 1174 under which "Olive daughter of Count Stephen" donated the church of Bennington to the abbey of Sauvigny, with the consent of "Guillelmus de Sancto Johanne maritus meus and Ralf de Filgeriis and her other sons"[434]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Willelmus de Sancto Johanne et Robertus frater eius et Oliva uxor Willelmi", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][435]. m firstly HENRI [I] Seigneur de Fougères, son of RAOUL [I] Seigneur de Fougères & his wife --- (-1154). He became a monk at Sauvigny in 1150[436]. m secondly as his first wife, GUILLAUME Seigneur de Saint-Jean, son of ROGER de Saint-Jean & his wife Cecilia de la Haye (-[Sep 1201/Sep 1202]).

HENRI de Bretagne, son of ETIENNE de Bretagne Lord of Richmond & his wife Hawise de Guingamp ([1100]-early 1183[437]). “Stephanus comes Britanniæ” donated property to Rumburgh priory, for the souls of “comitissa Haudewisa…filiorum meorum et filiarum…Galfridi…Alani, Henrici” by undated charter[438]. His father gave him the Soke of Waltham, Lincs. He succeeded his father in [1136] as Comte de Tréguier et de Guingamp. "Alan comes et indigena of England and count of Brittany" donated property to the abbey of Holy Trinity, Sauvigny by charter dated to [1137/46], subscribed by "…Hainrico fratre meo…"[439]. "Henricus comes" donated "ecclesiam Sancte-Crucis de Gingamp" to La Trinité de Vendôme by charter dated to [1147/56], signed by "Henricus et Matillis uxor mea, Johannes comes Vindocinensis…"[440]. "Henricus, comitis Stephani filius" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon, for the souls of "patris…et fratris Stephani…et Alani comitum, matris…mee Hadvise", by charter dated 1148[441]. "Comitis Hainrici...comitis Stephani filii" donated Saint-Sauveur de Guingamp to Marmoutiers by charter dated 19 Sep 1151 "die ipso quo Hainricus comes Mathildem filiam Johannis Vindocin. comitis apud Meduanam uxorem duxit"[442]. "Henricus comes" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon for the soul of "Roberti comitis", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Alani, Stephani atque Conani", by charter dated [1151/59][443]. "H...comes" donated Sainte-Trinité de Guingamp to Saint-Melaine abbey, for the souls of "patris mei Ste. matris meæ Ha...fratrum meorum Gaufridi et Alani et...filii mei Henrici", by charter dated 1152[444]. His nephew Conan IV Duke of Brittany dispossessed him of Tréguier and Guingamp, which were given to the duke's daughter Constance after Duke Conan was dispossessed by Henry II King of England[445].

m (Mayenne 19 Sep 1151) MATHILDE de Vendôme, daughter of JEAN [I] Comte de Vendôme & his first wife [Berthe du Puy-du-Fou] (-[1214]). A fragmentary chronicle of the dukes of Aquitaine names "Buchardus, Lancelinus, Galfridus et Mahauda" as the children of "Johanni Comiti primogenitor Galfridi Grisagonellæ Comitis Vindonicensis atque Mahaudæ Castridunensis" and his wife "Bertham"[446]. "Lancelinus filius Johannis comitis Vindocini, Mathildis filia eiusdem Johannis, item alia filia Mathildis" consented to the charter dated 1139 under which "Goffridus Grisagonella comes Vindocini et Johannes filius eius" donated part of the forest of Gâtineau to the abbey of La Trinité de Vendôme[447]. "Comitis Hainrici...comitis Stephani filii" donated Saint-Sauveur de Guingamp to Marmoutiers by charter dated 19 Sep 1151 "die ipso quo Hainricus comes Mathildem filiam Johannis Vindocin. comitis apud Meduanam uxorem duxit"[448]. The Chronicon Ruyensis Cœnobii records the death in 1214 of "Mathildis Comitissa"[449], which may refer to the widow of Henri Comte de Tréguier although she would have been old at the time.

Henri & his wife had six children:

1. HENRI de Penthièvre (b and d 1152). "H...comes" donated Sainte-Trinité de Guingamp to Saint-Melaine abbey, for the souls of "patris mei Ste. matris meæ Ha...fratrum meorum Gaufridi et Alani et...filii mei Henrici", by charter dated 1152[450].

2. ALAIN (-29 Dec 1212 or 1 Jan 1213). "Henricus comes" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon for the soul of "Roberti comitis", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Alani, Stephani atque Conani", by charter dated [1151/59][451]. He succeeded his cousin Geoffroy as Comte de Penthièvre. "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Saint-Rion, with the consent of "P. uxoris mee, Ste. et Con. fratrum meorum", by charter dated to [1184/86][452]. A charter dated Jul 1219 records donations to Beauport abbey made by "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" dated “anno quo rex Ricardus promotus fuit in regem” [1189] witnessed by “...domina Petronilla uxor domini Alani, Aliena sponsa domini Conani”[453]. He recovered his father's lost inheritance of Guingamp[454]. "Alanus, dominus de Goellou, Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, for the souls of "Henrici comitis patris mei et Mathildis matris mee…", with the consent of "P. uxoris mee et Stephani et Conani fratrum meorum", by charter dated 1202[455]. The undated record of an enquiry relating to the property rights of Henri d’Avaugour states that "Geffroi comte de Lamballe fils [de] Rivallon" granted “Pentevre et son droit de primogeniture en toute la terre qu’il avoit en Bretagne” to “Alain fils [de] Henri” before the French king, with the consent of “ses neveux, enfans de O. Tournemine et d’Edie sa sœur”[456]. "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" granted letters of assurance to "domino Andreæ de Vitreio", with the consent of "Henrico filio meo et Alici uxori eius", by charter dated 1209[457]. "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen, with the consent of "Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum meorum", by charter dated 2 May 1211[458]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death "IV Kal Jan" in 1212 of "Alanus Comes, filius Henrici comitis"[459]. The Chronicon Savigniacensis Monasterii records the death "Kal Jan" in 1212 of "Alanus comes de Goilou, filius Henrici comitis"[460]. m firstly (before 1186) PETRONILLE de Beaumont, daughter of RICHARD [I] Vicomte de Beaumont & his wife Lucie de Laigle (-19 Aug [1203]). "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Saint-Rion, with the consent of "P. uxoris mee, Ste. et Con. fratrum meorum", by charter dated to [1184/86][461]. A charter dated Jul 1219 records donations to Beauport abbey made by "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" dated “anno quo rex Ricardus promotus fuit in regem” [1189] witnessed by “...domina Petronilla uxor domini Alani, Aliena sponsa domini Conani”[462]. "Alanus, dominus de Goellou, Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, for the souls of "Henrici comitis patris mei et Mathildis matris mee…", with the consent of "P. uxoris mee et Stephani et Conani fratrum meorum", by charter dated 1202[463]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "XIV Kal Aug" of "Petronille comitisse; Merhaute prime uxoris fundatoris nostri"[464]. m secondly (1204) ADELAIDE, daughter of --- (-13 Oct 1216). The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1216 of "Aheles comitissa, Alani Comitis uxor, mater Henrici"[465]. A clue as to her origin is contained in the charter dated Aug 1234 under which her son “Henricus de Alvagorio” received “castrum de Gaisclino” from “domino Solino avunculo meo”[466]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "III Id Oct" of "Aeladis comitisse, secunde uxoris comitis Alani fundatoris nostri"[467]. Alain & his second wife had two children:

a) HENRI ([1205]-23 Feb or 6 Oct 1281, bur Dinan). "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" granted letters of assurance to "domino Andreæ de Vitreio", with the consent of "Henrico filio meo et Alici uxori eius", by charter dated 1209[468]. "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen, with the consent of "Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum meorum", by charter dated 2 May 1211[469]. He succeeded his father in 1212 as Comte de Penthièvre, under the guardianship of his paternal uncle Geslin (see below) until [1222/24]. He was deprived of all his lands except Goëllo in 1214 by Pierre Duke of Brittany. A charter dated 1220 was sealed by "Guillermi...Briocensis episcopi et domini Gelini tunc temporis senescalli et nutricii Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum Alani comitis..."[470]. "Henricus de Avalgor, filius Alani comitis" ratified a donation to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by "Petrus filius Ruallen le Gal" by charter dated 1224[471]. "Henricus de Avalgor, filius Alani comitis…et Margarita uxor mea" renewed a donation of property to the abbey of Bon-Repos by "Gervasia domina Dinani", for the soul of "bone memorie Gaufridi vicecomitis de Rohan quondam mariti sui", by charter dated 1229[472]. “Henricus de Avaugor” confirmed his homage to Louis IX King of France for “toto feodo meo in Britannia” by charter dated May 1231 which refers to (but does not name) “duos filios meos primogenitos” being given as hostages to the king[473]. He became a friar minor at Dinan. "Henricus de Avaugor dominus Goloye, miles" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon on becoming a monk, with the consent of "nepotis nostri Henrici de Avaugor domini Meduane, miles" and for the souls of "Juhelli, Gaufridi et Ricardi maritorum meorum", by charter dated Mar 1278[474]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "VII Kal Mar" of "Henrici d’Avalgor domini Goloie et de Meduana", adding that he was buried "apud Dinannum in conventu Fratrum Minorem"[475]. Betrothed (contract Paris 7 Dec 1209, broken to ALIX de Thouars Dss of Brittany, daughter of GUY de Thouars & his second wife Constance Dss of Brittany ([1200]-21 Oct 1221, bur 24 Nov 1225 Villeneuve-les-Nantes, Abbaye de Notre-Dame). The marriage contract between "G. de Thoarco comes Britannie...A filia mea quam habeo de comitissa Britannie Constancia" and "Alanus filius comitis...Henricus filius predicti Alani primogenitus" is dated 1209[476]. Her first betrothal is confirmed by the charter dated 1209 under which "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" granted letters of assurance to "domino Andreæ de Vitreio", with the consent of "Henrico filio meo et Alici uxori eius"[477]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "unam filiam Mabiliam" as the child of "Constantiam comitis Conani filia" and her [third] husband "Guido frater vicecomitem de Tuart"[478]. m (before 1220) MARGUERITE de Mayenne, daughter of JUHAEL [II] Seigneur de Mayenne & his wife Gervaise de Vitré Dame de Dinan (-15 Jan before 1264). "Henricus de Avalgor, filius Alani comitis…et Margarita uxor mea" renewed a donation of property to the abbey of Bon-Repos by "Gervasia domina Dinani", for the soul of "bone memorie Gaufridi vicecomitis de Rohan quondam mariti sui", by charter dated 1229[479]. “Henricus de Avaugor” records that “castrum meum de Ponte Ursionis” belonged to “me et Margaritam uxorem meam” in a charter dated 2 Sep 1233[480]. "Margarita uxor…Henrici de Avaugor" donated property owned by "domina Gervasia mater mea" to the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois, with the consent of "Alani et Juhelli filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1237[481]. Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1241 under which "Droco de Melloto, Locharam et Meduane dominus" [married to her older sister] wrote to "fratri suo domino Henrico de Avalgor", naming "bone memorie domine Gervasie"[482]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "XVIII Kal Feb" of "domine Margarite uxoris domini Henrici d’Avalgor"[483]. Henri & his wife had six children:

i) ALAIN d'Avaugour (before 1235-27 Sep [1264/Oct 1267]). “Henricus de Avaugor” confirmed his homage to Louis IX King of France for “toto feodo meo in Britannia” by charter dated May 1231 which refers to (but does not name) “duos filios meos primogenitos” being given as hostages to the king[484]. Baron de Mayenne, Vicomte de Dinan.

- BARONS d'AVAUGOUR et de MAYENNE.

ii) JUHAËL d’Avaugour . “Henricus de Avaugor” confirmed his homage to Louis IX King of France for “toto feodo meo in Britannia” by charter dated May 1231 which refers to (but does not name) “duos filios meos primogenitos” being given as hostages to the king[485]. "Margarita uxor…Henrici de Avaugor" donated property owned by "domina Gervasia mater mea" to the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois, with the consent of "Alani et Juhelli filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1237[486]. Seigneur de Kergrois. m CATHERINE de Léon, daughter of HERVE [III] de Léon Seigneur de Châteauneuf & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

iii) HENRI . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Goello. m PHILIPPA de Rohan, daughter of ALAIN [V] Vicomte de Rohan & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

iv) GEOFFROY (-after 1282). A charter dated 1282 records an agreement between “Henricum d’Avaugour militem dominum de Gouelou et Meduanæ” and “Gaufridum d’Avaugour patruum suum” concerning the succession of “Henrici d’Avaugour quondam militis patris dicti Gaufridi et avi dicti Henrici”[487].

v) MARIE de Penthièvre . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

vi) JEANNE (-26 Feb ----). The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "IV Kal Mar" of "domine Johanne d’Avalgor, filie Henrici et uxoris Gaufridi de Dinanno militis"[488].

b) GEOFFROY Boterel (-1281). "Alanus comes, Henrici comitis filius" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen, with the consent of "Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum meorum", by charter dated 2 May 1211[489]. A charter dated 1220 was sealed by "Guillermi...Briocensis episcopi et domini Gelini tunc temporis senescalli et nutricii Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum Alani comitis..."[490]. "Gaufridus Boterel, Alani filii comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1233 which names "frater meus Henricus de Avaugour"[491]. Seigneur de Quintin. m EUSTACHIE de Vitré, daughter of ANDRE [III] Seigneur de Vitré & his first wife Catherine de Thouars.

3. ETIENNE de Penthièvre (-after 1202). "Henricus comes" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon for the soul of "Roberti comitis", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Alani, Stephani atque Conani", by charter dated [1151/59][492]. "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Saint-Rion, with the consent of "P. uxoris mee, Ste. et Con. fratrum meorum", by charter dated to [1184/86][493]. "Alanus, dominus de Goellou, Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, for the souls of "Henrici comitis patris mei et Mathildis matris mee…", with the consent of "P. uxoris mee et Stephani et Conani fratrum meorum", by charter dated 1202[494]. He died of leprosy[495].

4. CONAN de La Roche-Derrien (-9 Feb [1202/14]). "Henricus comes" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon for the soul of "Roberti comitis", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Alani, Stephani atque Conani", by charter dated [1151/59][496]. "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Saint-Rion, with the consent of "P. uxoris mee, Ste. et Con. fratrum meorum", by charter dated to [1184/86][497]. "Alanus, dominus de Goellou, Henrici comitis filius" founded the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, for the souls of "Henrici comitis patris mei et Mathildis matris mee…", with the consent of "P. uxoris mee et Stephani et Conani fratrum meorum", by charter dated 1202[498]. "Conanus, Henrici comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1202, signed by "…Alienor filia comitis Eudonis, Aliz domicella…"[499]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "V Id Feb" of "Conani fratris comitis Alani fundatoris nostri"[500]. m (before 1189) ELEONORE [de Porhoët], daughter of [EUDES Comte de Porhoët] & his [second wife Jeanne de Léon] (-5 May after 1243). A charter dated Jul 1219 records donations to Beauport abbey made by "Alanus Henrici comitis filius" dated “anno quo rex Ricardus promotus fuit in regem” [1189] witnessed by “...domina Petronilla uxor domini Alani, Aliena sponsa domini Conani”[501]. "Conanus, Henrici comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1202, signed by "…Alienor filia comitis Eudonis, Aliz domicella…"[502]. It is not certain that "Alienor filia comitis Eudonis" was the wife of Conan but her position in the list of subscribers, after Conan’s knights, suggests that this might be the case. If that is correct, Eudes Comte de Porhoët is the only "comes Eudo" who has yet been identified who could have been her father. The fact that her father held a higher rank than her husband may account for her being linked in the document to her father’s rather than her husband’s name. If her parentage is correctly identified, the chronology suggests that she would have been born to her supposed father’s second marriage. "A…vidua quondam Conani filii comitis uxor" settled a dispute with the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport about "insula de Bigniguez" by charter dated 1214[503]. "Alienor, quondam uxor Conani filii Henrici comitis" wrote to "Radulpho domino Filgeriis" confirming his donation to Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, dated 1243[504]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "III Non Mai" of "Alienor uxoris Conani comitis"[505]. Conan & his wife had one child:

a) ALAIN (-after 1237). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

Conan had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

b) PLAISOU (-after 1269). Her parentage and marriage are shown by Père Anselme[506]. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. The information has therefore not been verified. m OLIVIER [I] Seigneur de Clisson, son of GUILLAUME [II] Seigneur de Clisson & his wife Constance du Pont Dame de Pontchâteau (-[before 16 Mar 1261/1 Mar 1262]).

5. [daughter . Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the following document: an enquiry concerning the property of Henri de Tréguier names "Alain...et Henri son fils, et Conan de Leon son tuteur"[507]. No primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has been identified. m CONAN Vicomte de Léon, son of GUYOMAR [V] Vicomte de Léon & his wife Maencia --- (-after 1225).]

6. GESLIN (-after 1239). A charter dated 1220 was sealed by "Guillermi...Briocensis episcopi et domini Gelini tunc temporis senescalli et nutricii Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum Alani comitis..."[508]. "Dominus Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius, custos et avunculus Henrici de Alvaugor" confirmed the sale of a mill to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1222[509]. His guardianship of his nephew ended before 1224, when the latter issued a charter in his own name (see above).

- VICOMTES de TONQUEDEC.

C. COMTES de PENTHIEVRE (BLOIS-CHÂTILLON)

CHARLES de Blois-Châtillon, son of GUY [I] de Châtillon Comte de Blois et de Dunois & his wife Marguerite de Valois (1319-killed in battle near Auray 29 Sep 1364, bur Guingamp église des Cordeliers). He succeeded in 1341 as Duke of Brittany, Comte de Penthièvre, Seigneur de Guise, by right of his wife.

m JEANNE de Bretagne Ctss de Goello et de Penthièvre, daughter of GUY de Bretagne Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Jeanne d’Avaugour Ctss de Goello (1319-Guingamp 10 Sep 1384, bur Guingamp église des Cordeliers). She succeeded in 1341 as Dss of Brittany, until 1364. Vicomtesse de Limoges 1341-1369. She renounced her rights by the Treaty of Guérande 1365, ending the Breton wars. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "IV Id Sep" in 1384 of "domine Johanne ducisse Britannie, uxoris bone memorie Caroli domini du Plexeix"[510].

Charles & his wife had five children:

1. JEAN [I] de Blois-Châtillon (-16 Jan 1404). Comte de Penthièvre et de Goelo. Vicomte de Limoges. Seigneur d’Avaugour, de Landrecies, de Nouvion-en-Thièrache. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1403 (presumably O.S.) of “Johannes de Britannia comes Penthevriæ”[511]. m (20 Jan 1387) MARGUERITE de Clisson, daughter of OLIVIER [V] Seigneur de Clisson Comte de Porhoet & his first wife Beatrix de Laval (-1441). Letters dated 15 Jan 1408 record a claim by “Karolum de Dynanto dominum Castribriendi...gardiam...Roberti de Dynanto eius filii” against “Margaretam comitissam Pentheuriæ et vicecomitissam Lemoic...tam suo nomine quam...gardiam...Oliverii comitis Pentheuriæ et vicecomitis Lemovic. eius filii” relating to the marriage contract between “Roberti de Dyanto prædicti” and “Ioannæ de Britannia dictæ comitissæ filia”[512]. “Marguerite de Clisson, Olivier, Jean et Guillaume de Blois ses enfans” requested pardon from Jean Duke of Brittany for having detained “monsieur Richard son frere”, dated 29 Jul 1420[513]. Jean & his wife had five children:

a) OLIVIER de Blois-Châtillon (-Avesnes 28 Sep 1433, bur Avesnes). Comte de Penthièvre. Vicomte de Limoges. Letters dated 15 Jan 1408 record a claim by “Karolum de Dynanto dominum Castribriendi...gardiam...Roberti de Dynanto eius filii” against “Margaretam comitissam Pentheuriæ et vicecomitissam Lemoic...tam suo nomine quam...gardiam...Oliverii comitis Pentheuriæ et vicecomitis Lemovic. eius filii” relating to the marriage contract between “Roberti de Dyanto prædicti” and “Ioannæ de Britannia dictæ comitissæ filia”[514]. “Marguerite de Clisson, Olivier, Jean et Guillaume de Blois ses enfans” requested pardon from Jean Duke of Brittany for having detained “monsieur Richard son frere”, dated 29 Jul 1420[515]. An epitaph at Avesnes records the burial of “Olivier de Bretaigne comte de Pentheure et de Perigord, vicomte de Limoges, seigneur d’Avesnes...” who died 8 Sep 1433 and “Jehenne de Lalaing héritière de Kiévrain epeuze de secondes noces a...Olivier de Bretaigne” who died 10 Apr 1466[516]. m firstly (Arras 22 Jul 1406) ISABELLE de Bourgogne, daughter of JEAN "Sans-Peur" Duke of Burgundy & his wife Marguerite de Hainaut (-Rouvre 18 Sep 1412). The Histoire du Roy Charles VI records the marriage in Jul 1406 between “comes de Penthievre filius Ioannis de Britannia ex filia domini Oliveri de Clisson” and “filiam ducis Burgundiæ”[517]. m secondly (1428) JEANNE de Lalaing Dame de Quiévrain, daughter of SIMON de Lalaing Seigneur de Quiévrain, d’Hordaing et d’Ecaussines & his wife Isabelle de Barbançon (-10 Apr 1467, bur Avesnes). An epitaph at Avesnes records the burial of “Olivier de Bretaigne comte de Pentheure et de Perigord, vicomte de Limoges, seigneur d’Avesnes...” who died 8 Sep 1433 and “Jehenne de Lalaing héritière de Kiévrain epeuze de secondes noces a...Olivier de Bretaigne duquel eut fils et filles ici reposans” who died 10 Apr 1466[518]. Olivier & his second wife had [three or five?] children (the following information is taken from Delvaux’s Cahiers de Saint-Louis[519]):

i) [son & two daughters] (-bur Avesnes). The existence of at least one son and two daughters, who were buried with their parents, is confirmed by the epitaph at Avesnes cited above which records “...fils et filles ici reposans” born from their father’s second marriage. It is assumed that the son died young. It has not been confirmed whether the two daughters were the same persons as Marie and Anne who are named below: their parents would only just have been married long enough to have had five children. The apparent conflict between these children’s burials at Avesnes, and Marie’s at Lille Saint-Pierre, could be explained if different parts of Marie’s body (her heart, for example) were buried in different places.

ii) MARIE de Limoges (-3 Mar 1469 (O.S.?), bur Lille Saint-Pierre). The existence of a daughter who survived her parents is indicated by Le Carpentier who records “Anne Casée fille de Jean et d’Anne de Limoge, fille de Vincent Sr. de Limoge et de N. de Lalaing” as wife of “Jean [l’Estoré] Sr. de Waudenbrouck (Chambellan hereditaire de Hainau, Conseillers des Empereurs Maximilian et Charles V)”, ancestors of “Françoise Lettin” wife of “Jacques Godin Sr. d’Aubrecicourt”[520]. Delvaux, noting Le Carpentier’s confusion in this extract, highlights an early 16th century tryptich at Lille Saint-Pierre which displays (in order) the arms of “Le Cocq, Mammez, Limoge, Lalain” and “L’Estorré, Fiévet, Casée, Limoges” (ancestors of Hugues Le Cocq and his wife Anne de Lestorré, as well as other manuscripts which record “Marie de Limoges”, wife of “Luc le Cocq”, and “Anne de Limoges”, wife of “Jean Casée”[521]. Carnel discusses this tryptich, giving the dates and other details shown here[522]. m (1466) as his first wife, LUC Le Cocq Seigneur de la Motte, son of JEAN Le Cocq Seigneur de Sarcus et de Beaurepaire & his wife Michelle de Mametz.

iii) ANNE de Limoges . She and her husband are named in the sources cited above under his sister Marie. m JEAN Casée, son of ---.

Olivier had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

iv) MARGUERITE bâtarde de Penthièvre . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, dates her marriage contract, and specifies that her paternal uncle Jean Comte de Penthièvre provided her dowry[523]. The 22 Jan 1444 (O.S.?) marriage contract is transcribed and summarised on the guyenne.fr website: “Brandelis de Caumont seigneur de Castelnau et de Berbiguières” and “damoiselle Marguerite de Bretagne fille de feu Olivier de Bretagne comte de Penthièvre, nièce de Jean de Bretagne” with details of her dowry[524]. m (contract 22 Jan 1444) BRANDELIS de Caumont Seigneur de Caumont, son of GUILLAUME RAYMOND [II] Seigneur de Caumont & his wife Jeanne de Cardaillac (-after May 1463).

b) JEAN [I] de Blois-Châtillon (-[1 Oct/18 Dec] 1452). “Marguerite de Clisson, Olivier, Jean et Guillaume de Blois ses enfans” requested pardon from Jean Duke of Brittany for having detained “monsieur Richard son frere”, dated 29 Jul 1420[525]. Comte de Penthièvre. Comte de Périgord. Vicomte de Limoges. His date of death is set by the following documents: Jean [I] sold "Château-Chervix” to Gouffier de L'Hermitte 1 Oct 1452[526], while “Guillaume de Bretagne, comte de Penthièvre et de Périgord, vicomte de Limoges” issued a proxy to “Bernard de Bonnal, seigneur dudit lieu, et Julien Beauport, chevalier, pour prendre à son nom possession de la comté de Penthièvre et autres terres” dated 18 Dec 1452[527]. m (after 1426) as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Chauvigny, widow of BERAUD [III] Comte de Clermont, daughter of GUY [II] de Chauvigny Seigneur de Châteauroux, Vicomte de Brosse & his second wife Antoinette de Cousan (-23 Jul 1473). The necrology of Saint-André lez Clairmont records the death 23 Jul of “domina Margarita de Calviniaco comitissa Pentebriæ et Petracoricensis vicecomitissa Lemovicencis relicta...Joannis de Britannia"[528]. The necrology of Saint-Allyre de Clairmont records the death 1473 of “Margarita de Calviniaco uxor primo relicta domini Beraldi Dalphini Claromontensis comitis Arveniæ primi mariti sui necnon et vidua...Joannis de Britannia comitis et vicecomitis Panthebriæ et Petragorensis et Lemovicensis"[529].

c) CHARLES de Blois-Châtillon (1396-[1434/24 Feb 1436]). Baron d’Avaugour. Seigneur de Reynal et de Thors. A charter dated 1418 records “Karolus de Britania dominus d’Avaugour, de Exartis, de Thors et d’Aisenois et Ysabellis de Vivonne eius uxor”[530]. Letters dated 24 Feb 1435 (O.S.) record a claim by “Ysabelli de Vivona relicta defuncti...Karoli de Britania quondam domini d’Avaugour” against “Ricardo de Britania comite Stamparum”[531]. m ISABELLE de Vivonne Dame de Thors et des Essarts, daughter of SAVARY de Vivonne & his wife Jeanne d’Aspremont (-after 24 Feb 1436). A charter dated 1418 records “Karolus de Britania dominus d’Avaugour, de Exartis, de Thors et d’Aisenois et Ysabellis de Vivonne eius uxor”[532]. Letters dated 24 Feb 1435 (O.S.) record a claim by “Ysabelli de Vivona relicta defuncti...Karoli de Britania quondam domini d’Avaugour” against “Ricardo de Britania comite Stamparum”[533]. Charles & his wife had one child:

i) NICOLE de Blois-Châtillon (-after 19 Dec 1479). Ctss de Penthièvre 1454. Letters dated 14 Feb 1453 record a claim by “Ioannes de Brossa miles dominus de Sancta Severa et Nicola de Britannia eius uxor” against “Ioannem Harpedenne militem dominum de Bellavilla et Ioannam de Britannia eius uxorem” concerning “terrarum et dominorum de Paluau, de Castromuri” as part of the succession of “defuncti Ioannis de Britannia comitis Pentheuriæ”[534]. m (contract 18 Jun 1437) JEAN [II] de Brosse Seigneur de Boussac et de Sainte-Sevère, son of JEAN [I] de Brosse Seigneur de Boussac et de Sainte-Sevère & his wife Jeanne de Naillac Dame de la Motte-Jolivet (-after 19 Dec 1479).

d) GUILLAUME de Blois-Châtillon (-before 1 Apr 1455). “Marguerite de Clisson, Olivier, Jean et Guillaume de Blois ses enfans” requested pardon from Jean Duke of Brittany for having detained “monsieur Richard son frere”, dated 29 Jul 1420[535]. Vicomte de Limoges. Seigneur d’Avesnes et de Nouvion-en-Thièrache. m (contract 8 Jun 1450) as her first husband, ISABELLE de la Tour d’Auvergne, daughter of BERTRAND de La Tour Comte d’Auvergne et de Boulogne & his wife Jacquette du Peschin (-8 Sep 1488). The marriage contract between "Guillaume monsieur de Bretaigne frere...[du] comte de Ponthievre" and "Bertrand de la Tour comte de Bouloigne et d’Auvergne seigneur de la Tour et de Montgascon...Ysabeau de la Tour [sa] fille..." is dated 8 Jun 1450[536]. Letters dated 1 Apr 1455 record a claim by “comitis Angolismensis” against “Ysabellim de Turre defuncti Guillelmi de Britania relictam...tutricem...Fransiæ ipsius et dicti defuncti filiæ”[537]. She married secondly Arnaud Amanieu d’Albret Seigneur d’Orval. The marriage contract of "Arnaud Amanieu d’Albret seigneur d’Orval" and "damoyselle Isabeau de la Tour" is dated 25 Nov 1457[538]. Guillaume & his wife had three children:

i) FRANÇOISE de Blois-Châtillon (-after 1488). Letters dated 1 Apr 1455 record a claim by “comitis Angolismensis” against “Ysabellim de Turre defuncti Guillelmi de Britania relictam...tutricem...Fransiæ ipsius et dicti defuncti filiæ”[539]. Vicomtesse de Limoges. Dame d’Avesnes et de Nouvion-en-Thièrache. The dispensation for the marriage of "messire Allain sire d’Albret" and "dame Francoyse de Bretaigne", despite their 3^o and 4^o consanguinity, is dated 20 Jan 1462[540]. m ALAIN Seigneur d’Albret Comte de Gavre, son of JEAN d’Albret Seigneur d’Albret & his wife Catherine de Rohan (-1522).

ii) JEANNE de Blois-Châtillon (-after 1483). An arrêt of the parliament dated 30 Mar 1495 records a claim by “Iohannam de Britannia defuncti Iohannis de Surgeres...Baslon...domini relicta” against “Iacobum de Surgeres milte...de la Floceliere dominum ac Renatam de Maille eius uxorem”[541]. m (1473) JEAN de Surgères Seigneur de Balon, son of --- (-1483).

iii) CHARLOTTE de Blois-Châtillon (-after 11 May 1490). Letters dated 11 May 1490 record a claim by “Arturi de Villequier” against “Karolam de Britania defuncti Anthonii de Villequier relictam...tutricem...Francisci de Villequier eius...filii annis minoris”[542]. m ANTOINE de Villequier, son of --- (-before 11 May 1490).

e) JEANNE de Blois-Châtillon (-1459). Letters dated 15 Jan 1408 record a claim by “Karolum de Dynanto dominum Castribriendi...gardiam...Roberti de Dynanto eius filii” against “Margaretam comitissam Pentheuriæ et vicecomitissam Lemoic...tam suo nomine quam...gardiam...Oliverii comitis Pentheuriæ et vicecomitis Lemovic. eius filii” relating to the marriage contract between “Roberti de Dyanto prædicti” and “Ioannæ de Britannia dictæ comitissæ filia”[543]. Letters dated 14 Feb 1453 record a claim by “Ioannes de Brossa miles dominus de Sancta Severa et Nicola de Britannia eius uxor” against “Ioannem Harpedenne militem dominum de Bellavilla et Ioannam de Britannia eius uxorem” concerning “terrarum et dominorum de Paluau, de Castromuri” as part of the succession of “defuncti Ioannis de Britannia comitis Pentheuriæ”[544]. m firstly ([1407]) ROBERT de Dinan Seigneur de Châteaubriand, son of CHARLES de Dinan Seigneur de Châteaubriand & his third wife Jeanne de Beaumanoir (-13 Mar 1429). m secondly (1448) JEAN [III] de Harpedane Seigneur de Belleville, son of ---.

2. GUY de Blois-Châtillon . A deposition relating to the proposed canonisation of Charles de Blois-Châtillon Duke of Brittany records teh marriage of “filiam suam...Margareta” and “domino Carolo de Hispania tunc constabulario Franciæ” noted that “filius [suus] primogenitus cum Guidone fratre suo” had been taken to England[545].

3. HENRI de Blois-Châtillon (-after 31 Jul 1400). “Henry Despote de Romanie fils de defunct Charles Duc de Bretagne...” is named as present in the marriage contract dated 6 May 1384 between Louis, oldest son of Louis I King of Sicily [Anjou-Valois], and Luzia Visconti[546]. A decision dated 31 Jul 1400 relates to a dispute between “Henrico de Britannia” and “Ioannem de Britania comitem Penthuriæ dicti Henrici germanum prolatum”[547]. m as her second husband, GIACOBELLA Caetani, widow of BALTHASAR von Braunschweig Despot of Romania, daughter of ONORATO Caetani Conte di Fondi & his wife Catarina del Balzo (-after 25 May 1400).

4. MARGUERITE de Blois-Châtillon ([1339]-[1354]). The Chronique des règnes de Jean II et de Charles V records the marriage in 1351 of “monseigneur Charles d’Espaigne lors connestable de France...[conte] d’Angoulesme” and “la fille monseigneur Charles de Bloise duc de Bretaingne”[548]. m (1351) CHARLES d’Espagne Comte d’Angoulême, son of ALPHONSE de la Cerda dit d’Espagne Baron de Lunel & his wife Isabelle d’Antoing ([1326]-murdered l'Aigle 6 Jan 1354).

5. MARIE de Blois-Châtillon (1343-Angers 12 Nov 1404, bur Angers Cathédrale Saint-Maurice). The marriage contract between “Louis fils de Roy de France Comte d’Anjou et du Maine Seigneur de Montpellier” and “Charles Duc de Bretagne, Comte de Richemont Vicomte de Limoges et Sire d’Avaugour de Guise et de Maine et Jehanne Duchesse, Comtesse, Vicomtesse et Dame desdits lieux...Marie de Bretagne nostre...fille” is dated Aug 1360[549]. After the death of her husband, Marie continued the war in Naples. Pss di Tarento, by cession of her brother-in-law Jean Duc de Berry at Cavaillon 11 Sep 1385, in exchange for the counties of Etampes and Gien. She used the title Queen of Sicily. m (9 Jul 1360, contract Château de Saumur Aug 1360) LOUIS de France Duc d’Anjou, son of JEAN II "le Bon" King of France & his first wife Bonne de Luxembourg (Château du Bois de Vincennes 23 Jul 1339-Biseglia Castle near Bari 20 Sep 1384, bur Angers Cathédrale Saint-Maurice).

JEAN [II] de Brosse Seigneur de Boussac et de Sainte-Sevère, son of JEAN [I] de Brosse Seigneur de Boussac et de Sainte-Sevère & his wife Jeanne de Naillac Dame de la Motte-Jolivet (-after 18 Feb 1479). Seigneur de Boussac et de Sainte-Sevère. Comte de Penthièvre, de iure uxoris.

m (18 Jun 1437) NICOLE de Blois-Châtillon Vicomtesse de Limoges, daughter of CHARLES de Blois-Châtillon dit de Bretagne Baron d’Avaugour & his wife Isabelle de Vivonne. She succeeded as Ctss de Penthièvre. Letters dated 14 Feb 1453 record a claim by “Ioannes de Brossa miles dominus de Sancta Severa et Nicola de Britannia eius uxor” against “Ioannem Harpedenne militem dominum de Bellavilla et Ioannam de Britannia eius uxorem” concerning “terrarum et dominorum de Paluau, de Castromuri” as part of the succession of “defuncti Ioannis de Britannia comitis Pentheuriæ”[550].

Jean & his wife had children:

1. JEAN de Brosse dit de Bretagne (-1502, bur Boussac). Comte de Penthièvre. m (contract 15 May 1468) LOUISE de Laval, daughter of GUY [XIV] de Laval Comte de Laval & his first wife Isabelle de Bretagne (-1480). Jean & his wife had children:

a) RENE de Brosse dit de Bretagne (-killed in battle Pavia 24 Feb 1525). Comte de Penthièvre.

- see below.

b) MADELEINE de Brosse (-before 22 May 1512). m firstly (1488) as his second wife, JANUS de Savoie Comte de Faucigny, son of LOUIS Duke of Savoy & his wife Anne Pss of Cyprus (8 Sep 1440-22 Dec 1491). m secondly ([1492]) FRANÇOIS d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne Baron d'Avaugour, Comte de Vertus et de Goëllo, illegitimate son of FRANÇOIS II Duke of Brittany & his mistress Antoinette de Maignelais (1462-after 1494).

c) ISABELLE de Brosse (-21 Mar 1517, bur Rochefort Notre-Dame). m as his third wife, JEAN [IV] de Rieux Seigneur de Rieux et de Rochefort, Comte d’Harcourt, Maréchal de Bretagne, son of FRANÇOIS Seigneur de Rieux et de Rochefort, Comte d’Harcourt & his wife Jeanne de Rohan (27 Jun 1447-9 Feb 1518, bur Ancenis église des Cordeliers).

2. PAULE de Brosse (-9 Aug 1479). Père Anselme notes her testament dated 23 May 1479[551]. m (contract Boussac 30 Aug 1471) as his second wife, JEAN Comte de Nevers, son of PHILIPPE de Bourgogne Comte de Nevers et de Rethel [Bourgogne-Valois] & his second wife Bonne d’Artois (Clamecy 25 Oct 1415-Nevers 25 Sep 1491, bur Nevers). Comte d'Eu 1472. Governor of Picardie.

3. CLAUDINE de Brosse ([1450]-Chambéry 13 Oct 1513). The testament of "Filippo di Savoia Conte di Bauge, Signore di Bressa, figlio del fu Duca Ludovico di Savoia" dated 18 Dec 1490 made bequests "…alla Dama Claudia sua Consorte…"[552]. m (contract 11 Nov 1485[553]) as his second wife, PHILIPPE de Savoie Comte de Baugé, son of LOUIS Duke of Savoy & his wife Anne Pss of Cyprus (Chambéry 5 Feb 1438-Turin 7 Nov 1497). He succeeded his great nephew in 1496 as PHILIPPE I "Senza Terra" Duke of Savoy.

4. BERNARDE de Brosse (-17 Feb 1485). A continuation of the Chronica Jacobi de Aquis names "Bernarda de Ponthieura" as the third wife of "Guglielmo" second son of "Zoanne Jacobo figlolo di Teodoro", adding that the couple was childless[554]. m (6 Jan 1474) as his third wife, GUGLIELMO X Marchese di Monferrato, son of GIANGIACOMO Marchese di Monferrato & his wife Jeanne de Savoie (19 Jul 1420-28 Feb 1483).

5. HELENE de Brosse (-1484). A continuation of the Chronica Jacobi de Aquis names "Helena figlola del Conte di Ponthevra, sorella della Marchesa Bernarda" as the first wife of "Bonifacio", third son of "Zoanne Jacobo figlolo di Teodoro"[555]. m (1483) as his second wife, BONIFACIO IV Marchese di Monferrato, son of GIANGIACOMO Marchese di Monferrato & his wife Jeanne de Savoie (Jun 1424-31 Jan 1494).

RENE de Brosse dit de Bretagne, son of JEAN de Brosse dit de Bretagne Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Louise de Laval (-killed in battle Pavia 24 Feb 1525). Comte de Penthièvre.

m firstly (contract 13 Aug 1504) JEANNE de Comines, daughter of PHILIPPE de Comines Seigneur d’Argenton et de Talmond & his wife Hélène de Chambes-Montsoreau ([1489/90]-19 Mar 1514, bur Paris église des Augustins). Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage[556]. Fierville says that Jeanne was 14 years old when she married[557].

m secondly JEANNE de Compeys dite de Gruffy Dame de Palluau, de Bourg-Charente, de Pousauges et de Saint-Leu, daughter of ---.

René & his first wife had children:

1. JEAN de Brosse dit de Bretagne (-Lamballe 27 Jan 1564, bur Guingamp église des Cordeliers). Comte de Penthièvre. m ANNE de Pisteleu, daughter of GUILLAUME de Pisteleu Seigneur de Heilly & his second wife Anne Sanguin (-after 1575).

2. CHARLOTTE de Brosse . Dame de Penthièvre, de Chevreuse et d'Etampes. m FRANÇOIS de Luxembourg Vicomte de Martigues, son of FRANÇOIS de Luxembourg Vicomte de Martigues & his wife Louise de Savoie (-1553 after 20 Jun).

3. JEANNE de Brosse . m (contract Essars 11 Mar 1531) RENE de Laval Seigneur de Bressuire, de Maillé et de la Motte-Sainte-Heraye, son of GILLES de Laval Seigneur de Loué, de Benais et de Bressuire & his wife Françoise de Maillé.

René & his second wife had one child:

4. FRANÇOISE de Brosse (-Château d’Oiron 28 Nov 1558). m (Château du Louvre, Paris 23 Dec 1545) as his second wife, CLAUDE Gouffier Duc de Roannais Marquis de Boisy, son of ARTUS Gouffier & his wife Hélène de Hangest-Genlis Dame de Maigné.

D. VICOMTES de PENTHIEVRE

1. EUDES (-after [1034]). Vicomte. "Eudo vicecomes…vicecomes Theuarhoc, vicecomes Haemo…" witnessed a charter dated to 1034 relating to revenue from Plebihan for the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[558].

2. THEUARHOC (-after [1034]). Vicomte. "Eudo vicecomes…vicecomes Theuarhoc, vicecomes Haemo…" witnessed a charter dated to 1034 relating to revenue from Plebihan for the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[559].

3. HAMON (-after [1034]). Vicomte. "Eudo vicecomes…vicecomes Theuarhoc, vicecomes Haemo…" witnessed a charter dated to 1034 relating to revenue from Plebihan for the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[560].

Two brothers, parents not yet identified. Geoffrey Richard Driscoll Tobin has suggested that these brothers were Robert and Eudes, sons of Vicomte Herluin[561]. No brothers named Vicomte Robert and Eudes have been identified among the Breton nobility at the time, and the suggestion is plausible as discussed further in the document NORMANDY NOBILITY, Comtes de Mortain, Vicomtes de Conteville.

1. ROBERT (-after 1050). Vicomte. "Comes Eudo et nepos eius Gaufridus, Robertus vicecomes et frater eius Eudo…Guichomarus filius Alani vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 relating to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[562].

2. EUDES (-after 1050). "Comes Eudo et nepos eius Gaufridus, Robertus vicecomes et frater eius Eudo…Guichomarus filius Alani vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 relating to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes[563].

Two siblings, parents not yet identified:

1. HUGUES (-after [1050]). Vicomte.

2. HODIERNA (-after [1050]). "Eudo comes et uxor eius, Joscelinus vicecomes…Alfredus frater Alani vicecomitis…Hodierna soror Hugonis vicecomitis…" witnessed a charter dated to 1050 which recorded an agreement between "Gualterio eius preposito" and the abbess of Saint-Georges de Rennes[564].

3. HAMON (-after 1083). Vicomte. "Gauffredus comes filius Eudonis comitis" founded the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by charter dated 1083, signed by "Gauffredus ipse comes, Rotbertus frater eius…Haimo vicecomes…"[565].

4. EUDES (-before 1202). Vicomte. m ---. The name of Eudes’s wife is not known. Eudes & his wife had one child:

a) SUHARD (-[1203/20]). "Suhart, filius Eudonis vicecomitis" confirmed the donations to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by "Alanus, Henrici comitis filius, dominus meus" by charter dated 1202[566]. Vicomte [de Penthièvre]. "…Suharth vicecomitis…" signed the charter dated 1203 under which "Alanus filius Henrici comitis" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport[567]. m ---. The name of Suhard’s wife is not known. Suhard & his wife had two children:

i) GEOFFROY (-after 1220). "Gaufridus filius Suhart vicecomitis" confirmed a donation to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by "Willelmus Le Borne, filius constabularii" by charter dated 1220[568]. "Gaufridus miles, primogenitus filius domini Suhart vicecomitis" confirmed a donation to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by "pater meus" by charter dated 1220[569].

ii) MATHILDE (-after 1243). "Matildis relicta Oliverii filii Johannis, filia Suhardi vicecomitis" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1240[570]. A charter dated 1243 records the consent of "Henricus de Avaugour" to a mortgage taken by "Mathildis filia Suhardi vicecomitis" over land, with the consent of "Johannis dictus Picardi mariti predicte Mahaut", at the insistence of "Alano Rollandi militia, senescallo de Kintin"[571]. m firstly OLIVIER, son of JEAN & his wife --- (-1240 or before). m secondly ([1240/43]) JEAN Picardy, son of ---.

E. VICOMTES de TONQUEDEC et de COËTMEN

GESLIN de Penthièvre, son of HENRI de Bretagne Comte de Tréguier & his wife Mathilde de Vendôme (-after 1239). A charter dated 1220 was sealed by "Guillermi...Briocensis episcopi et domini Gelini tunc temporis senescalli et nutricii Henrici et Gaufridi filiorum Alani comitis..."[572]. Dominus Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius, custos et avunculus Henrici de Alvaugor" confirmed the sale of a mill to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1222[573]. His guardianship of his nephew ended before 1224 when the latter issued a charter in his own name (see above). "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius, custos et avunculus Henrici de Alvaugor" confirmed a donation to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport by charter dated 1225[574]. "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport for the soul of "…Henrici militis filii mei", with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis de Tonkadoc primogeniti filii mei", by charter dated 1231[575]. "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" carried out the last wishes of "Henrici filii mei" on his deathbed by donating property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis et Hugonis filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1233[576]. "Geslinus, comitis filius" confirmed the charter dated 1239 under which "Eudo Le Du filius Tengui de Rest" bound himself to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, for the soul of "Henrici filii mei defuncti"[577].

m ---. The name of Geslin’s wife is not known.

Geslin & his wife had three children:

1. ALAIN (-after 1253). "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport for the soul of "…Henrici militis filii mei", with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis de Tonkadoc primogeniti filii mei", by charter dated 1231[578]. Vicomte de Tonquedec. "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" carried out the last wishes of "Henrici filii mei" on his deathbed by donating property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis et Hugonis filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1233[579]. "Alanus vicecomes de Tonkedoc" forgave the harvest duties of the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Costancie uxoris mee", by charter dated 1239[580]. A charter dated 1253 records the arbitration of "Alani vicecomitis de Tonquedec" over a property dispute[581]. m CONSTANCE de Vitré, daughter of ---. "Alanus vicecomes de Tonkedoc" forgave the harvest duties of the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Costancie uxoris mee", by charter dated 1239[582]. Alain & his wife had one child:

a) ROLAND de Tonquedec (-before 1300). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Vicomte de Tonquedec.

- see below.

2. HENRI (-1233). "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport for the soul of "…Henrici militis filii mei", with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis de Tonkadoc primogeniti filii mei", by charter dated 1231[583]. "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" carried out the last wishes of "Henrici filii mei" on his deathbed by donating property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis et Hugonis filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1233[584].

3. HUGUES (-after 1239). "Gellinus, Henrici comitis filius" carried out the last wishes of "Henrici filii mei" on his deathbed by donating property to the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Alani vicecomitis et Hugonis filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1233[585].

The relationship between the following person and the Tonquedec family has not been confirmed, although his name suggests a family connection.

1. PRIGENT [I] . m ---. The name of Prigent’s wife is not known. Prigent [I] & his wife had one child:

a) MARIE (-after 1242). "Johannes de Dinanno miles, filius Rolandi de Dinanno militis" abandoned rights of "forcagium" (harvest related?) in favour of the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Marie uxoris nostre filie Prigencii de Trunkedo", by charter dated Aug 1242[586]. m JEAN de Dinan, son of ROLAND de Dinan & his wife --- (-after Aug 1242).

ROLAND de Tonquedec, son of ALAIN Vicomte de Tonquedec & his wife Constance de Vitré . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Vicomte de Tonquedec.

m ALICE Dame de Landegonnet, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her family origin and marriage has not been identified.

Roland & his wife had one child:

1. PRIGENT de Coëtmen (-after 1300, bur Beauport). "Prigient de Quoitmain viconte de Tronquedoc et Ame fille…Hervé jadis visconte de Léon, fame audit Prigient" ratified the sale of the county of Léon to "Jahan jadis duc de Bretaigne" by charter dated 7 Jun 1298, which records her father as still living at the time[587]. "Primogenitus vicecomitis de Quoetmaen miles" records a dispute between "Rollandum vicecomitem de Tonquedec militem, quondam patrem nostrum" and the abbey of Saint-Jacut, by charter dated 1300[588]. m AME de Léon, daughter of HERVE [IV] Vicomte de Léon & his wife Catherine de Laval (-after 1330, bur Beauport). "Prigient de Quoitmain viconte de Tronquedoc et Ame fille…Hervé jadis visconte de Léon, fame audit Prigient" ratified the sale of the county of Léon to "Jahan jadis duc de Bretaigne" by charter dated 7 Jun 1298, which records her father as still living at the time[589]. Chaillou notes a charter dated 1315 which names “Amé de Laval ciscontesse de Coetmen, fille jadis Hervé visconte de Leon” and her death after 1330[590]. Prigent & his wife had one child:

a) GUY (-1330). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. m ---. The name of Guy’s wife is not known. Guy & his wife had one child:

i) JEANNE . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. m CONAN Seigneur de Quélen, son of ---.

F. SEIGNEURS de MATIGNON (GOYON)

1. LUCIE de Matignon (-after 1219). Dame de Matignon. "Lucia domina de Matignon uxor Stephani Goeon" confirmed an agreement between the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois and "Briencium de Larunciere et fratres suos" relating to “decime parrochie Sancti Germani de Matignon” by charter dated 1219[591]. "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[592]. "Alanus Goyon miles, tunc temporis dominus de Matignon" confirmed the donation to the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Lucia condam domina de Matignon" for the soul of "Johannis filii sui defuncti" and with the consent of "domini Stephani Goyon olim mariti sui", by charter dated 1293[593]. m (before [1210]) ETIENNE Goyon, son of ALAIN Goyon & his wife --- (-before 1293).

2. ROBERT (-after 1245). Seigneur de Matignon. "Robertus dominus de Medreignac et de Matignon miles et Dyonisia eius uxor" renounced his rights over the priory of Saint-Galéry by charter dated 1245, confirmed by "Alanus Goyon miles" with the consent of "Stephani Goyon filii mei"[594]. m DENISE, daughter of --- (-after 1278). "Robertus dominus de Medreignac et de Matignon miles et Dyonisia eius uxor" renounced his rights over the priory of Saint-Galéry by charter dated 1245, confirmed by "Alanus Goyon miles" with the consent of "Stephani Goyon filii mei"[595]. "Dyonisia domina de Matignon vidua" noted the settlement of a dispute between "dominum Alanum Goyon militem" and the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1278, which names "Alano Goyon, milite defuncto, avo quondam predicti Alani…Stephani sui filii primogeniti, Matildis uxoris sue et Dyonisie filie sue primogenite"[596].

1. ALAIN Goyon (-after 1251). "Robertus dominus de Medreignac et de Matignon miles et Dyonisia eius uxor" renounced his rights over the priory of Saint-Galéry by charter dated 1245, confirmed by "Alanus Goyon miles" with the consent of "Stephani Goyon filii mei"[597]. The testament of "domini Alani Goion" is dated 1251, names "patrem suum episcopum Briocensem, religiosum virum abbatem Sancti Albani, vicecomitem Dinanni, dominum Lucam de Ronceria, uxorem suam, Johannem Legros clericum, Petrum de Medregniac" as his executors, and appoints "domino Rollando de Dinanno…cum domino Roberto de Medregniac" to oversee the executors[598]. m ---. Alain & his wife had one child:

a) ETIENNE Goyon (-after 1245). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[599]. "Robertus dominus de Medreignac et de Matignon miles et Dyonisia eius uxor" renounced his rights over the priory of Saint-Galéry by charter dated 1245, confirmed by "Alanus Goyon miles" with the consent of "Stephani Goyon filii mei"[600]. Seigneur de Matignon. m (before [1210]) LUCIE de Matignon, daughter of --- (-after 1219). Dame de Matignon. "Lucia domina de Matignon uxor Stephani Goeon" confirmed an agreement between the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois and "Briencium de Larunciere et fratres suos" relating to “decime parrochie Sancti Germani de Matignon” by charter dated 1219[601]. "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[602]. "Alanus Goyon miles, tunc temporis dominus de Matignon" confirmed the donation to the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Lucia condam domina de Matignon" for the soul of "Johannis filii sui defuncti" and with the consent of "domini Stephani Goyon olim mariti sui", by charter dated 1293[603]. Etienne & his wife had six children:

i) GUEGON Goyon (-after 1219). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[604].

ii) GEOFFROY Goyon (-after 1219). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[605].

iii) ETIENNE Goyon (-after 1219). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[606].

iv) JEAN Goyon (before 1219-before 1293). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[607]. "Alanus Goyon miles, tunc temporis dominus de Matignon" confirmed the donation to the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Lucia condam domina de Matignon" for the soul of "Johannis filii sui defuncti" and with the consent of "domini Stephani Goyon olim mariti sui", by charter dated 1293[608].

v) ALAIN Goyon ([after 1219]-after 1302). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[609]. Seigneur de Matignon. "Dyonisia domina de Matignon vidua" noted the settlement of a dispute between "dominum Alanum Goyon militem" and the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1278, which names "Alano Goyon, milite defuncto, avo quondam predicti Alani…Stephani sui filii primogeniti, Matildis uxoris sue et Dyonisie filie sue primogenite"[610]. "Alain Goion chevalier segnor de Matignon" waived a payment from Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1284[611]. "Alanus Goyon miles, tunc temporis dominus de Matignon" confirmed the donation to the priory of Saint-Martin de Lamballe by "Lucia condam domina de Matignon" for the soul of "Johannis filii sui defuncti" and with the consent of "domini Stephani Goyon olim mariti sui", by charter dated 1293[612]. m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-after 1278). "Dyonisia domina de Matignon vidua" noted the settlement of a dispute between "dominum Alanum Goyon militem" and the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1278, which names "Alano Goyon, milite defuncto, avo quondam predicti Alani…Stephani sui filii primogeniti, Matildis uxoris sue et Dyonisie filie sue primogenite"[613]. Alain & his wife had children:

(a) ETIENNE Goyon (-after 1278). "Alanus Goyon miles", with the consent of “Stephani Goyon filii mei” confirmed the property of Saint-Valéry de Matignon by charter dated 1266, as granted by "Stephani Goyon patris mei" with the consent of “Lucie uxoris mee” and for the souls of “filiorum nostrorum Guegonis...Gaufridi, Stephani et Johannis” by charter dated 1219[614]. "Dyonisia domina de Matignon vidua" noted the settlement of a dispute between "dominum Alanum Goyon militem" and the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1278, which names "Alano Goyon, milite defuncto, avo quondam predicti Alani…Stephani sui filii primogeniti, Matildis uxoris sue et Dyonisie filie sue primogenite"[615].

(b) BERTRAND [I] Goyon (-after Sep 1323). Seigneur de Matignon. m ---. The primary source which confirms the name of Bertrand’s wife has not been identified. Bertrand [I] & his wife had children:

(1) ETIENNE [III] Goyon (-[29 Nov 1353/1363). Seigneur de Matignon.

- see below.

(c) DENISE Goyon . "Dyonisia domina de Matignon vidua" noted the settlement of a dispute between "dominum Alanum Goyon militem" and the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1278, which names "Alano Goyon, milite defuncto, avo quondam predicti Alani…Stephani sui filii primogeniti, Matildis uxoris sue et Dyonisie filie sue primogenite"[616].

The following reconstruction of later generations of this family is an outline which shows selected family members only, mainly for hyperlinking to other families studied in Medieval Lands. The information has not been verified against primary source documentation, unless otherwise stated.

ETIENNE [III] Goyon, son of BERTRAND [I] Goyon Seigneur de Matignon & his wife --- (-[29 Nov 1353/1363). Seigneur de Matignon.

m JEANNE, daughter of --- (-before 1339).

Etienne [III] & his wife had children:

1. ALAIN [III] Goyon (-after 1342). m JACQUELINE de Rieux, daughter of ---. Alain [III] & his wife had children:

a) BERTRAND [II] Goyon (-after 6 Apr 1380). Seigneur de Matignon et de la Roche-Guyon. m JEANNE de Dinan, daughter of ROLAND de Dinan Seigneur de Montafilant & his wife ---. Bertrand [II] & his wife had one child:

i) BERTRAND [III] Goyon (-[England 1407]). Seigneur de Matignon. m MARIE de Rochefort, daughter of GUILLAUME de Rochefort-sur-Loire & his wife Jeanne d’Ancenis (-after 14 Apr 1418).

- GOYON, SEIGNEURS de MATIGNON, COMTES de THORIGNY[617].

G. BARONS d'AVAUGOUR et de MAYENNE

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise shown below.

ALAIN d'Avaugour, son of HENRI d'Avaugour ex-Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Marguerite de Mayenne (before 1235-27 Sep [1264/Oct 1267]). “Henricus de Avaugor” confirmed his homage to Louis IX King of France for “toto feodo meo in Britannia” by charter dated May 1231 which refers to (but does not name) “duos filios meos primogenitos” being given as hostages to the king[618]. "Margarita uxor…Henrici de Avaugor" donated property owned by "domina Gervasia mater mea" to the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois, with the consent of "Alani et Juhelli filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1237[619]. Baron de Mayenne, Vicomte de Dinan. His latest date of death is confirmed by the Oct 1267 document quoted below under his son Henri. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "V Kal Oct" of "Alani d’Avalgor, filius Henrici fundatoris nostri, domini du Menne"[620].

m CLEMENCE, daughter of --- (-before 1264). "Alanus d’Avaugor miles dominus Meduanæ" sold property "ex successione matris nostræ quam amittæ nostræ quondam dominæ Meduanæ, quam etiam ratione filiorum et filiarum nostrarum, natorum ex deffuncta Clementia quondam uxore nostra...[et] ex successione dictorum Clementiæ et filiorum et filiarum in villa de Dinanno et castello de Lehonio" to “domino Petro de Britannia militis filio...J. ducis Britanniæ”, naming “D. Henrici patris nostris”, by charter dated 1264[621]. This document suggests that Clémence was related to the seigneurs de Dinan. The precise family relationship has not been ascertained.

Alain & his wife had [four or more] children:

1. HENRI [III] d'Avaugour (-11 Feb or Nov 1301, bur Dinan). After the death of his father, Henri [III][ was under the guardianship of his paternal grandfather: Louis IX King of France confirmed the sale of property (see the 1264 charter quoted above), naming "Henriot de Avaugour fiuz Alein de Avaugour seigneur de Maënne et...Henri de Avaugour chevalier tutor [de Henri]", by charter dated Oct 1267, confirmed Dec 1268[622]. "Henricus de Avaugor dominus Goloye, miles" donated property to the priory of Saint-Magloire de Léhon on becoming a monk, with the consent of "nepotis nostri Henrici de Avaugor domini Meduane, miles" and for the souls of "Juhelli, Gaufridi et Ricardi maritorum meorum", by charter dated Mar 1278[623]. A charter dated 1282 records an agreement between “Henricum d’Avaugour militem dominum de Gouelou et Meduanæ” and “Gaufridum d’Avaugour patruum suum” concerning the succession of “Henrici d’Avaugour quondam militis patris dicti Gaufridi et avi dicti Henrici”[624]. "Henri d'Avaugour Seigneur de Mayenne" issued a charter in the bishopric of Mans dated 12 Feb 1285[625]. m (before 27 Apr 1283) MARIE de Beaumont-Brienne, daughter of LOUIS de Brienne Vicomte de Beaumont & his wife Agnes de Beaumont (-18 Mar 1328, bur Guingamp). The Chronicon Britannicum records the death “die veneris ante festum B. Gregorii” 1328 of “domina Maria de Belomonte domina de Avalgoria...fuerat uxor domini Henrici de Avaugour” and her burial “in...convento fratrum minorum de Guengampo”[626]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "XV Kal Apr" in 1328 of "Marie de Baumont uxoris domini Henrici d’Avalgor filii Alani fundatoris nostri"[627]. Henri [III] & his wife had [seven] children:

a) HENRI [IV] d'Avaugour (-Avignon [2] Feb 1331, bur Dinan). Baron d'Avaugour, de Mayenne et de Goello. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death “eundo de Parisius apud Avenionem circa Purificationem B. M. V.” 1331 of “Henricus d’Avaugour filius Alani de Dinanno [omits one generation] qui fuit filius Henrici filii Alani fundatoris Belliportus…quintus post comitem Alanum” and his burial “apud Fratres Minores de Dinanno”, adding that he had lived about 54 years[628]. m (contract 1306) JEANNE d’Harcourt dame de Morgon, daughter of JEAN [II] Seigneur d’Harcourt & his [second] wife Jeanne Vicomtesse de Châtellerault (-after 1346). Philippe IV King of France, by letters dated 1306, notified the marriage contract at Pontoise between “Henry d’Avaugour Sgr de Mayenne et de Goëlo” and “damoiselle Jne de Harecourt fille de...chev. Jn. de Harcourt”[629]. “Jne de Harrecourt veuve de Mgr Henry d’Avaugour sire d’Avaugour” renounced her claims over the patronage of Notre-Dame d’Escouché by charter dated mid-Feb 1339[630]. Letters dated 5 Aug 1400 record a dispute between “Alanum vicecomitem de Rohano dominum de Leonia” and “Ioannem de Britannia comitem Pentheuriæ et vicecomitem Lemovicensem” relating to the rights of “defunctæ Margaretæ de Alvagaro quondam aviæ suæ” in the succession of “defunctorum Henrici quondam domini de Alvagaro necnon Ioannæ de Haricuria eius uxoris patris et matris eiusdem Margaretæ et Blanchæ de Alvagaro ac Ysabellis de Alvagaro”[631]. Henri [IV] & his wife had four children:

i) JEANNE d'Avaugour (-28 Jul or 30 Aug 1327, bur Guingamp église des Cordeliers). Heiress of Avaugour, Mayenne and Goello. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated [Mar] 1338 under which “Monsieur Hervé de Leon” and “Marguerite d’Avaugour sa femme fille de feu monsieur Henri d’Avaugour” claimed part of her father’s succession from [her daughter] “la Dame de Penthievre hoir principal audit sire d’Avaugour [...Charles de Blaes seignor de Penthevre et damiselle Jahanne sa fame Dame de Penthevre”[632]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1327 of “domina Johanna de Avalgoria consors domini Guidonis comitis Penthevriæ” and her burial “in habitu S. Claræ ante majus altare”[633]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "III Kal Sep" of "domine Johanne d’Avalgor, uxoris domini Guidonis de Britannia"[634]. m (1318) as his first wife, GUY de Bretagne Comte de Penthièvre, son of ARTHUR II Duke of Brittany & his first wife Marie Vicomtesse de Limoges (1287-Nigeon near Paris 27 Mar 1331, bur Guingamp église des Cordeliers).

ii) MARGUERITE d’Avaugour (-after 1375). “Monsieur Hervé de Leon” and “Marguerite d’Avaugour sa femme fille de feu monsieur Henri d’Avaugour” claimed part of her father’s succession from “la Dame de Penthievre hoir principal audit sire d’Avaugour [...Charles de Blaes seignor de Penthevre et damiselle Jahanne sa fame Dame de Penthevre” by charter dated [Mar] 1338[635]. “Jeanne Duchesse de Bretagne, Vicomtesse de Limoges, Dame de Guise et de Maenne” granted rights to “nos...tantes les Dames de Leon et de Chateaubrient” relating to the family succession by charter dated 1 Sep 1348[636]. "Ioannis de Montemorenciaco domini de Bellosaltu et de Bretolio" issued a document relating to a lawsuit between “dominam de Turre eius matrem…Margaretam d’Avaugour quondam uxorem Hervei de Leonio, tam suo…nomine quam…ballum…liberorum ispius et dicti Hervei, Erardi, Hervei et Mathei de Montemorenciaco fratrum” and “Aubertum de Longavalle militem tempore que vivebat et Ioannem de Longavalle militem fratres” by charter dated 23 Apr 1351[637]. “Hervieu de Leon escuier Sire [de Noyon] fils de ladite Dame sous age conduit par...Erard de Leon chevalier son oncle et applegé par...Jehan de Leon son cousin” paid dower to “Marguerite d’Alvagor dame de Noyon” by charter dated 11 Jan 1355[638]. 1375. m firstly as his second wife, HERVE [VII] de Léon Seigneur de Noyon, son of HERVE [VI] de Léon Seigneur de Noyon & his wife Jeanne de Montmorency (-before 20 May 1349). m secondly GEOFFROY de Vaulx, son of ---.

iii) ISABELLE d’Avaugour (-3 May after 1400). “Jeanne Duchesse de Bretagne, Vicomtesse de Limoges, Dame de Guise et de Maenne” granted rights to “nos...tantes les Dames de Leon et de Chateaubrient” relating to the family succession by charter dated 1 Sep 1348[639]. “Charles Duc de Bretaigne Vicomte de Limoges Sire de Guise et de Maine” granted a pension to “dame Ysabeau d’Avaugour dame jadis de Chasteaubrient” by charter dated 8 Apr 1353, a second charter dated 1 Sep 1354 referring to her rights under her marriage to “Geffroi de Chasteaubrient”[640]. “Monseigneur Loys vicomte de Thoars, seigneur de Thalemont et de la Chese et de Manestou“, during an illness, appointed “sa...compagne dame Ysabeau d’Avaugour et son...filz Simon de Thouars Comte de Dreux“ as administrators of his lands by charter dated 1361[641]. The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "V Non Mai" of "domine Ysabelle d’Avalgor domine de Correc"[642]. m firstly GEOFFROY [IX] Seigneur de Châteaubriand, son of GEOFFROY [VIII] Seigneur de Châteaubriand & his wife Jeanne de Belleville (-killed in battle Roche-Derien 20 Jun 1347, bur Melleray). m secondly as his second wife, LOUIS Vicomte de Thouars Seigneur de Talmont, son of JEAN Vicomte de Thouars & his wife Blanche de Brabant-Aarschot (-1370).

iv) MARIE (-11 Apr ----). The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "III Id Apr" of "domine Marie d’Avalgor, filie domini d’Avalgor, filii fundatoris nostri et domine Johanne de Harecourt"[643].

b) JEAN d'Avaugour (-8 May 1340). Bishop of Saint-Brieuc 1315. Bishop of Dol. 1328

c) GUILLAUME d’Avaugour (-after [Jul/Aug] 1327, maybe Paris 1343). Père Anselme records his parentage, adding that he was excluded from the succession to Avaugour on the death of his niece Jeanne by the latter’s daughter (no source citations)[644]. Père Anselme says that he could have been “le sire d’Avaugour” who was beheaded at Paris in 1343, as a supporter of Jean de Montfort against Charles de Blois in the Breton succession (no source citations)[645].

d) AGNES d’Avaugour . The marriage contract between “Henri d’Avaugour chev. seign. de Goellou...Agnes notre fille einsnée” and “Allain de Rohan fuis aeisné et principal heir dou Viconte de Rohan” is dated Oct 1288[646]. m (contract Oct 1288) ALAIN de Rohan, son of ALAIN [VI] Vicomte de Rohan & his [first/second wife Isabelle ---/Thomasse de la Rochebernard] (-[Dec 1298/1299]).

e) BLANCHE d'Avaugour (-10 Dec after 1337). Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, noting that they donated property together in Mar 1312, the date of her husband’s death, and that the couple died childless (no source citations)[647]. The necrology of Maubuisson records the death "IV Id Dec" of "Madame Blanche d'Avaugour jadis femme…monsieur Guillaume d'Harcourt seigneur de la Saussaye"[648]. m as his third wife, GUILLAUME d'Harcourt Seigneur de la Saussaye, son of JEAN [I] Seigneur d’Harcourt & his wife Alix de Beaumont (-11 Aug 1337, bur La Saussaye).

f) MARGUERITE d'Avaugour . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage in 1296, noting that she died childless (no source citation)[649]. “Articles additionnels du contrat de mariage de Guillaume Paynel, époux de Marguerite d’Avaugour” were agreed between “Henri d’Avaugour sire de Goello et de Mayenne” and “le susdit son gendre”, extract undated[650]. m ([1296 or before]) GUILLAUME Paynell [Seigneur de Hambye], son of ---.

g) JEANNE d’Avaugour . Le Prévost records her family origin and marriage without citing any source on which he bases the information[651]. The primary source which confirms her precise parentage has not been identified. It is indicated by the “Noble lignée de Hambie Painel” manuscript published by La Roque (dated by him to 1493 but whose initial composition is dated to [1397] by Polonovski[652]) which states that “Guillaume Painel chevalier sire de Hambie...” (grandson of Foulques [V], died [7 Jul 1401/24 Sep 1402], supposed great-grandson of Marguerite d’Avaugour, see above) and “Madame de Préaux femme de monsieur Jacques de Bourbon” (daughter of Blanche Crespin, granddaughter of Jeanne d’Avaugour) were related “du troisième degré et Monsieur de Hambie est du 4. à cause de la maison d’Avaugour”[653]. The obvious explanation for this family relationship was through the sisters Marguerite and Jeanne d’Avaugour[654]. m JEAN Crespin Seigneur de Dangu, son of JEAN Crespin Seigneur de Dangu & his wife Jeanne Tesson Dame de Thury.

h) LUCE d’Avaugour (-after Aug 1323). Abbé Milhet cites a charter dated late-Aug 1323 under which [her maternal aunt] Marguerite de Brienne Pss of Antioch donated property “en la ville du Plessis, devers Saint-Leu et Taverny, et de Franconville” to Maubuisson, reserving to herself the usufruct and after her death to “dame Luce d’Avaugour, nonnain de ladite église et nièce de ladite dame Marguerite” (no source reference)[655]. Milhet also records an inscription in the chapter of Maubuisson recording the burial of “--- d’Avaugour --- fille de noble homme Monseig. Henri seig. d’Avaugour ---”[656]. In his commentary, Abbé Milhet completes the spaces on the assumption that it refers to “Luce d’Avaugour, religieuse sacrée de céans”.

2. [one or more] son(s) (-after 1264). His/their existence is confirmed by the 1264 charter quoted above.

3. HAWISE d'Avaugour . Père Anselme records her parentage and marriage, noting that, when the sale of Dinan property was published in 1267 (see above), that her husband “s’y opposa aux droits de son épouse” (citing the copy of the charter, quoted above, as published by Lobineau, except that this provision has not been found in Lobineau’s copy)[657]. m (before Oct 1267) OLIVIER de Tinteniac, son of ---.

4. [one or more] daughter(s) (-after 1264). Her/their existence is confirmed by the 1264 charter quoted above.

1. CONSTANCE (-29 Oct ----). The necrology of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport records the death "IV Kal Nov" of "domine Constancie d’Avalgor domine de Correc"[658].

Père Anselme says that Guillaume, named below, may have been the son of Guillaume d’Avaugour, son of Henri [III] d’Avaugour[659]. Dom Villevieille lists charters which name other Avaugour family members in the mid-14th to late 15th centuries[660]. These extracts have not been copied into the present document as the individuals’ connections with the main Avaugour family have not been ascertained.

1. GUILLAUME d’Avaugour (-[killed in battle Avray 29 Sep 1364]). Père Anselme says that “on pourrait croire que [Guillaume] seroit le sire d’Avaugour, qui au rapoort de Froissart, fut tué à la bataille d’Avray le 29 septembre 1364, n’étoit qu’il combattoit pour Charles de Blois, ennemi de Jean de Montfort, pour le service duquel l’autre sire d’Avaugour avoit eu la tête tranchée” (no source citations)[661]. m ---. The name of Guillaume's wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had [one child]:

a) [--- d’Avaugour . m ---. One child:]

i) [GUILLAUME d’Avaugour . He is named by La Roque as father of Jeanne in the passage quoted below.] m ---. The name of Guillaume’s wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had two children:

(a) LOUIS d’Avaugour . He is named by La Roque as brother of Jeanne in the passage quoted below.

(b) JEANNE d’Avaugour . Dame du Parc d’Avaugour. La Roque names her “Jeanne d’Avaugour Dame du Parc-d’Avaugour fille de Guillaume d’Avaugour escuyer...[et frere de Louis d’Avaugour...et de meme famille que Henry Baron d’Avaugour et Comte de Gouello]...[qui] avoir espousé Jeanne de Harcourt niece de Guillaume de Harcourt Baron de la Saussaye et d’Elbeuf, mary de Blanche d’Avaugour sœur dudit Henry” (no source cited)[662]. If La Roque is correct, presumably Jeanne could have been a descendant of Guillaume d’Avaugour, younger brother of Henri [IV] d’Avaugour, husband of Jeanne d’Harcourt. If that is correct, the chronology suggests that Jeanne would have been his great-great-granddaughter. The chronology of her daughter’s life suggests her marriage in [1435]. m ([1435]) as his second wife, THOMAS de Meulan Seigneur de Courseulles, son of JEAN de Meulan & his wife Marguerite le Servain (-before 23 Jan 1448).

FRANÇOIS [I] d'Avaugour dit de Bretagne, illegitimate son of FRANÇOIS II Duke of Brittany & his mistress Antoinette de Maignelais (1462-after 1494). Baron d’Avaugour 24 Sep 1480. Comte de Vertus et de Goëllo 1485.

m ([1492]) as her second husband, MADELEINE de Brosse, widow of JANUS de Savoie Comte de Genève, daughter of JEAN de Brosse dit de Bretagne Comte de Penthievre et de Périgord & his wife Louise de Laval (-before 22 May 1512).

François [I] & his wife had children:

1. FRANÇOIS [II] d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne (-before 1517). Comte de Vertus et de Goëllo, Baron d’Avaugour. m as her first husband, MADELEINE d’Astarac Dame de Fontenay, daughter of JEAN [IV] Comte d’Astarac & his wife Marie de Chambes Dame de Montsoreau. She married secondly (contract Saint-Quentin 12 Jun 1517) Charles de Montbel Comte d’Entremont. François [II] & his wife had children:

a) FRANÇOIS [III] d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne (-[1544/14 Nov 1548]). Comte de Vertus et de Goëllo, Baron d’Avaugour. m (1537) CHARLOTTE de Pisseleu, daughter of GUILLAUME de Pisseleu Seigneur de Heilly & his third wife Madeleine de Laval (-1604). She married secondly Jacques de Brouillard Seigneur de Lisy.

b) ODET d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne (-after 1584). Bishop of Saintes 1544. Comte de Vertus et de Goëllo, Baron d’Avaugour.

- COMTES de VERTUS, MARQUIS d’AVAUGOUR[663].

c) LOUISE d’Avaugour dit de Bretagne (-after 2 Mar 1602). m (Bar-sur-Seine 10 May 1542) GUY Baron de Castelnau et de Clermont-Lodève, son of PIERRE de Castelnau Baron de Clermont-Lodève & his wife Marguerite de la Tour (-Clermont [10/11] May 1542).

H. VICOMTES de DINAN

1. HAMON [I] . Vicomte de Dinan. m ROIANTELINA, daughter of RIVALLON & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Hamon [I] & his wife had five children:

a) HAMON [II] . "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][664]. same person as…? HAMON . "…Hamonis vicecomitis, Maini filii sui…" signed the charter dated to [1015/32] under which "Alanus comes et…dux Britannorum et frater meus Heudo atque mater mea Haduisa et noster vicecomes Haimon et filii eius" donated property to the abbey of Marmoutier[665]. "…Mainonis de Filgeriis, Haimonis, Richardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to [1015/32] under which "Alanus dux Britanniæ" donated property to the abbey of Marmoutier[666]. m ---. The name of Hamon’s wife is not known. Hamon & his wife had two children:

i) MEEN . "…Hamonis vicecomitis, Maini filii sui…" signed the charter dated to [1015/32] under which "Alanus comes et…dux Britannorum et frater meus Heudo atque mater mea Haduisa et noster vicecomes Haimon et filii eius" donated property to the abbey of Marmoutier[667].

ii) RICHARD . "…Mainonis de Filgeriis, Haimonis, Richardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to [1015/32] under which "Alanus dux Britanniæ" donated property to the abbey of Marmoutier[668].

b) JUNGUENE de Dinan (-[1039]). An enquiry made at Dol by order of Henry II King of England dated Oct 1181 records that "Guingeneus Dolensis archiepisc. et Ruellen Capra Canuta, Josselinus de Dinan et Salomon bastardus fratres fuerunt"[669]. Abbot of Dol. Archbishop of Dol . "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][670].

c) JOSCELIN [I] de Dinan . "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][671].

- SEIGNEURS de DINAN.

d) RIVALLON [II] (-after [1064/65]). "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][672]. "Manigenius…miles" founded the priory of Saint-Cyr-lès-Rennes and donated it to Tours Saint-Julien by charter dated 23 May 1037, subscribed by "Alanus dux…Eudonis fratris Alani ducis Britannorum, Gotzelini vicecomitis, Rualentis domini Doli…"[673]. Seigneur de Dol et de Combour.

- SEIGNEURS de DOL.

e) INOGUEN . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. "Briencius" [signed a subsequent charter "Brientio filio Tiherni"] founded the priory of Beré "a castro Briencii situm", with the consent of "matris meæ Innoguent et conjugis meæ Adelendis necnon et filiorum meorum Gaufridi…Teherii simulque Guidonis", by undated charter[674]. m TEHEL [Teuharius], son of ---. Tehel & his wife had three children:

i) MAIN (-before [1080]). "…Maini filii Teheu…" witnessed the charter dated to [1060] under which "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin"[675]. "Maino filius Theogineti […Theonus]" donated the churches of Gugnen and Voël to Combourg priory, with the consent of "filiis suis Haimone et Gauterio, et Alanus filius Flaudi", by undated charter[676]. m ---. The name of Main’s wife is not known. Main & his wife had two children:

(a) HAMON . "Maino filius Theogineti […Theonus]" donated the churches of Gugnen and Voël to Combourg priory, with the consent of "filiis suis Haimone et Gauterio, et Alanus filius Flaudi", by undated charter[677]. "Haimo filius Maini" donated "quartam partem ecclesia Nogialii" to Combourg priory, with the consent of "uxor eius Basilia…et Guillelmus et Gauterius fratres ipsius Haimonis et dominus suus Rivallonus dominus Doli castri filius Johannis archiepiscopi", by charter dated 1095[678]. "Hamo filius Maini" donated tithes from Fresnaie to Saint-Florent, for the souls of "…patruique sui Rotberti", confirmed by "Guillelmus frater eius", by undated charter (dated to [1080]) witnessed by "Baderon…"[679]. m BASILIA, daughter of ---. "Haimo filius Maini" donated "quartam partem ecclesia Nogialii" to Combourg priory, with the consent of "uxor eius Basilia…et Guillelmus et Gauterius fratres ipsius Haimonis et dominus suus Rivallonus dominus Doli castri filius Johannis archiepiscopi", by charter dated 1095[680].

(b) GUILLAUME . "Hamo filius Maini" donated tithes from Fresnaie to Saint-Florent, for the souls of "…patruique sui Rotberti", confirmed by "Guillelmus frater eius", by undated charter (dated to [1080]) witnessed by "Baderon…"[681]. "Haimo filius Maini" donated "quartam partem ecclesia Nogialii" to Combourg priory, with the consent of "uxor eius Basilia…et Guillelmus et Gauterius fratres ipsius Haimonis et dominus suus Rivallonus dominus Doli castri filius Johannis archiepiscopi", by charter dated 1095[682].

(c) GAUTHIER . "Maino filius Theogineti […Theonus]" donated the churches of Gugnen and Voël to Combourg priory, with the consent of "filiis suis Haimone et Gauterio, et Alanus filius Flaudi", by undated charter[683]. "Haimo filius Maini" donated "quartam partem ecclesia Nogialii" to Combourg priory, with the consent of "uxor eius Basilia…et Guillelmus et Gauterius fratres ipsius Haimonis et dominus suus Rivallonus dominus Doli castri filius Johannis archiepiscopi", by charter dated 1095[684].

ii) ROBERT (-before [1080]). "Hamo filius Maini" donated tithes from Fresnaie to Saint-Florent, for the souls of "…patruique sui Rotberti", confirmed by "Guillelmus frater eius", by undated charter (dated to [1080]) witnessed by "Baderon…"[685].

iii) BRIAND . "Briencius" [signed a subsequent charter "Brientio filio Tiherni"] founded the priory of Beré "a castro Briencii situm", with the consent of "matris meæ Innoguent et conjugis meæ Adelendis necnon et filiorum meorum Gaufridi…Teherii simulque Guidonis", by undated charter[686].

- SEIGNEURS de CHÂTEAUBRIAND.

Hamon [I] had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:

f) SALOMON . An enquiry made at Dol by order of Henry II King of England dated Oct 1181 records that "Guingeneus Dolensis archiepisc. et Ruellen Capra Canuta, Josselinus de Dinan et Salomon bastardus fratres fuerunt"[687].

I. SEIGNEURS de DINAN

1. JOSCELIN [I] de Dinan, son of HAMON [I] Vicomte de Dinan & his wife Roiantelina --- . "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][688]. "Goscelinus de Dinam…Rivallonus frater eius…Arveus…Radulfus…filius Donnalloni" donated "suam partem de decima terræ sancti Paterni" to Angers Saint-Nicolas by charter dated to [1050], witnessed by "Fretaldus et Hato pater eius"[689]. An enquiry made at Dol by order of Henry II King of England dated Oct 1181 records that "Guingeneus Dolensis archiepisc. et Ruellen Capra Canuta, Josselinus de Dinan et Salomon bastardus fratres fuerunt"[690].

Two brothers:

1. RIWALLON . "Rivallonus…Rufus frater Goffredi de Dinan" donated property to "monachis in Valle juxta castrum [Dinan]", with the consent of "Ozio uxor Goffredi et filii eius…Oliverius, Alanus" by undated charter[691].

2. GEOFFROY [I] de Dinan (-1123 or after). A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[692]. "Gaufredus Dinannensis dominus…primogenitus filius meus Oliverius" donated property to Saint-Malo de Dinan, with the consent of "uxor mea Orieldis", by charter dated 1122[693]. "…Gaufredus de Dinanno, Rainaldus de Castrogunterii…" witnessed the charter dated 1123 which records donations to Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Johannes Gulterii cujusdam filii"[694]. m RADEGONDE [Oriel], daughter of --- (-after 1122). A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[695]. "Gaufredus Dinannensis dominus…primogenitus filius meus Oliverius" donated property to Saint-Malo de Dinan, with the consent of "uxor mea Orieldis", by charter dated 1122[696]. "Rivallonus…Rufus frater Goffredi de Dinan" donated property to "monachis in Valle juxta castrum [Dinan]", with the consent of "Ozio uxor Goffredi et filii eius…Oliverius, Alanus" by undated charter[697]. Geoffroy [I] & his wife had five children:

a) OLIVIER [II] de Dinan (-1150). "Oliverius prior filius Gaufredi domini Dinanensis" founded the priory of Jugon, with the consent of "patre suo et Guillelmo cognomento Abbate fratre suo" dated to [1108], made later donations with the consent of "uxor eius…Gonnor et filii eius Gaufridus…et Guillelmus", recorded in an undated charter which also records subsequent donations by "Gauffredum Oliverii filium et fratres suos" signed by "Goffredus, Alanus, Oliverius fratres et dominus hujus castri"[698]. A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[699]. "Gaufredus Dinannensis dominus…primogenitus filius meus Oliverius" donated property to Saint-Malo de Dinan, with the consent of "uxor mea Orieldis", by charter dated 1122[700]. "Rivallonus…Rufus frater Goffredi de Dinan" donated property to "monachis in Valle juxta castrum [Dinan]", with the consent of "Ozio uxor Goffredi et filii eius…Oliverius, Alanus" by undated charter[701]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1150 of "Oliverius de Dinan"[702]. He held land at Hartland, Devon, and founded the priory of Jugon[703]. m GONNOR, daughter of ---. "Oliverius prior filius Gaufredi domini Dinanensis" founded the priory of Jugon, with the consent of "patre suo et Guillelmo cognomento Abbate fratre suo" dated to [1108], made later donations with the consent of "uxor eius…Gonnor et filii eius Gaufridus…et Guillelmus"[704]. Olivier & his wife had four children:

i) GEOFFROY . "Oliverius prior filius Gaufredi domini Dinanensis" founded the priory of Jugon, with the consent of "patre suo et Guillelmo cognomento Abbate fratre suo" dated to [1108], made later donations with the consent of "uxor eius…Gonnor et filii eius Gaufridus…et Guillelmus", recorded in an undated charter which also records subsequent donations by "Gauffredum Oliverii filium et fratres suos" signed by "Goffredus, Alanus, Oliverius fratres et dominus hujus castri"[705]. "Gaufridus dominus Dinnani" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jacut, with the consent of "fratrum meorum", by charter dated 1179[706]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1167 of "Gaufridus Oliverii filius"[707]. A charter of Henry II King of England confirms the donation by “Gaufridus filius Oliveri de Dynam” to Hertland Abbey[708]. A charter of Richard I King of England confirms the foundation of Hertland Abbey by “Gaufridi de Dinam senioris et Oliveri fratris sui, et Gaufridi filii Oliveri” to Hertland Abbey[709]. m ---. The name of Geoffroy's wife is not known. Geoffroy & his wife had one child:

(a) OLIVIER . "Alanus de Dinanno" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen by "Hingaudus Judicaeli quondam filius" with the consent of "fratrum suorum Gauterii…et Rollandi", with the consent of "Oliverius filius Gaufredi de Dinanno qui tunc erat in mea custodia", by undated charter dated to the mid-12th century[710].

ii) GUILLAUME . "Oliverius prior filius Gaufredi domini Dinanensis" founded the priory of Jugon, with the consent of "patre suo et Guillelmo cognomento Abbate fratre suo" dated to [1108], made later donations with the consent of "uxor eius…Gonnor et filii eius Gaufridus…et Guillelmus"[711].

iii) ALAIN de Dinan . "Gauffredum Oliverii filium et fratres suos" donated property to the priory of Jugon by undated charter, signed by "Goffredus, Alanus, Oliverius fratres et dominus hujus castri"[712].

iv) OLIVIER [III] de Dinan (-1209). "Gauffredum Oliverii filium et fratres suos" donated property to the priory of Jugon by undated charter, signed by "Goffredus, Alanus, Oliverius fratres et dominus hujus castri"[713]. "Oliverus de Dinnano Oliverii filius" donated land "in Anglia, Nothoellam...et Helpefort" to Marmoutier by charter dated 18 Jun “tempore dissensionis regis Angliæ Henrici et filii sui Henrici” [1173][714]. "Oliverius de Dinanno, Oliverii filius" donated "terras in Anglia" to Saint-Malo de Dinan by charter dated 18 Jun 1182, witnessed by "Alano filio Brient…"[715]. "Oliverius de Dinnano" founded a chapel at St Aubin des Bois by undated charter[716]. A charter of Richard I King of England confirms the foundation of Hertland Abbey by “Gaufridi de Dinam senioris et Oliveri fratris sui, et Gaufridi filii Oliveri” to Hertland Abbey[717]. The Scripta de Feodis of King Philippe II, dated to the early 13th century, record “...Oliverus de Dinan...” among “milites Britanniæ”[718]. "Hawis de Dinan et Sibill soror eius" paid a fine for "de Bokeland, Corfton in Sumerset et de Hertilande in Devon…vs Oliverum de Dinan", dated 1204[719]. The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1209 of "Oliverius de Dinano, filius Gaufredi"[720]. m ---. The name of Olivier’s wife is not known. Olivier & his wife had one child:

(a) GEOFFROY [III] de Dinan . A charter of Richard I King of England confirms the foundation of Hertland Abbey by “Gaufridi de Dinam senioris et Oliveri fratris sui, et Gaufridi filii Oliveri” to Hertland Abbey[721].

b) ALAIN (-1157, bur St Jacutus). "Rivallonus…Rufus frater Goffredi de Dinan" donated property to "monachis in Valle juxta castrum [Dinan]", with the consent of "Ozio uxor Goffredi et filii eius…Oliverius, Alanus" by undated charter[722]. Geslin de Bourgogne states that he was the second son of Geoffroy, held the fief of Bécherel, founded a priory at his castle (whose archives are now lost), and later inherited the castle of Léhon[723]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alano de Dina" in Dorsetshire, Cambridgeshire, and Huntingdonshire (twice)[724]. "Alanus de Dinanno" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen by "Hingaudus Judicaeli quondam filius" with the consent of "fratrum suorum Gauterii…et Rollandi", with the consent of "Oliverius filius Gaufredi de Dinanno qui tunc erat in mea custodia", by undated charter dated to the mid-12th century[725]. "Alanus de Dinan" donated property to Lehon by charter dated 1149, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…"[726]. The 1156 Pipe Roll records "Alano de Dinan" in Berkshire, "in Gainz" yielding ₤15[727]. The Chronicon Britannico records the death in 1157 of "Alanus Oliverii filius" and his burial "apud S. Jacutum"[728]. The Chronicon Britannico Alter records that "Alanus Dinanensis" was killed in 1157[729]. m ---. The name of Alain’s wife is not known. Alain & his wife had two children:

i) ROLAND de Dinan (-[1186/87]). "Rollandus filius Alani de Dinan" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Marie-de-Boquen by charter dated 1148[730]. Seigneur de Bécherel. "Rollandus, Dinanni dominus" founded the priory of Bécherel by undated charter, dated to the mid-12th century, which names "Gaufridus Dinannensis avus meus…et filius eius Alanus pater meus"[731]. "Rollandus de Dinanno" granted property to Sauvigny with the consent of "Alano de Vitreio nepote meo", stating that the latter was his heir, by undated charter[732]. "…Rollando de Dinan…" witnessed the charter dated to 1155 or before under which "Conanus dux Britannie et comes Richemundie" donated "ecclesiam de Gaituna" to Kirkstead Abbey[733]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Roll de Dinan" in Berkshire, "in Gainz" yielding ₤15[734]. Seigneur de Dinan. "Rollandus, Dinanni dominus" confirmed Marmoutier’s possession of the priory of Bécherel by charter dated 1164, which names "pater meus Alanus"[735]. "Rollando de Dinan, Raginaldo Boterel…" witnessed the charter dated to [1173/80] which records the agreement between the abbey of Saint-Melaine and the abbey of Notre-Dame du Pont-Pilard brokered by "Gaufridi ducis Britannie et comitis Richemundie et Rollandi de Dinan predicte abbacie fundatoris et Andree de Vitreio"[736]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Roll de Dinan…in Gainz" in Berkshire[737]. "Radulfo de Filgeriis, Allano de Rohan, Rollando de Dinanno…" witnessed the charter dated to [1185/86] under which "Gaufridus Henrici regis filius, dux Britannie, comes Richemont" confirmed the donations to the abbey of Pont-Pillard by its founders "Rollando et Allano de Dinanno"[738].

ii) EMMA de Dinan (-after 7 Nov 1202). Robert of Torigny records the death in 1173 of "Robertus de Vitreio" and the succession of "filius suus Andreas natus ex sorore Rolandi de Dinan"[739]. Her name is confirmed by the charter dated 1 Apr 1161 under which "Robertus dominus Vitreii" granted property to Sauvigny with the consent of "Andrea filio meo et Emma matre mea et Emma uxore mea"[740]. Her first marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1155/73] under which "Emma de Vitreio" confirmed a donation of property to the priory of Sainte-Croix de Vitré by "Hugonis de Aleia…tunc maritus meus", with the consent of "filio meo Johanni", by charter dated to [1155/73][741]. An order of King John dated 7 Nov 1202 granted safe passage for a visit to "Andr de Vitreio et Emme matris sue"[742]. m firstly HUGUES d’Alluie, son of ---. m secondly ROBERT [III] Seigneur de Vitré, son of ROBERT [II] Seigneur de Vitré & his wife Emma de la Guerche (-11 Nov 1173).]

c) GUILLAUME . "Oliverius prior filius Gaufredi domini Dinanensis" founded the priory of Jugon, with the consent of "patre suo et Guillelmo cognomento Abbate fratre suo" dated to [1108], made later donations with the consent of "uxor eius…Gonnor et filii eius Gaufridus…et Guillelmus"[743]. A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[744].

d) ROLAND . A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[745]. Geslin de Bourgogne suggests that he was ancestor of the branch of Montafilant, although highlights that there is no proof that this is correct[746].

e) JOSCELIN . A charter dated 1108 records the foundation of the priory of Saint-Malo de Dinan by "Gaufredus Dinanensis dominus…[et] filius eius Oliverius", with the consent of "uxore eius Radegunde…cognominata…Oriel et filiis suis Willelmo, Rollando atque Goscelin"[747]. The 1156 and 1157 Pipe Rolls records "Josce de Dinan" in Berkshire, "in Lamburna" yielding ₤66 (1156) and ₤76 (1157)[748]. The Historia sancti Petri Gloucestriæ records that "Jozo de Dynan" donated “terram xvii solidorum in Lamborne…" on becoming a monk at St Peter’s, that "Sibilla filia Jazonis" confirmed her father’s donation and donated further property[749]. m (after 1138) SIBYLLA de Lacy, widow of PAYN FitzJohn, daughter of --- (-after [1140]). “Sibilla de Lacy” notified her bailiffs and foresters that she had donated “land of Leghe near the church of St Michael” to “my uncle Walter abbot of Gloucester”, for the souls of “myself and my husband Payne Fitz-john”, by charter dated to [1130/39][750]. "Rogo filio Milonis Gloec et Cecilie uxori sue filie Pag fil Johis" the lands of her father, including land which "Pag dedit Sibille uxoris sue in dote", by charter dated to [Dec 1137/May 1138][751]. Roger Bishop of Salisbury instructed "Sibille q fuit uxor Pag fil Johis" to restore property which her husband had granted to "Rogo fil Milon Gloec cum Cecilia filia tua p-mogenita" by charter dated 1138[752]. Her second marriage is confirmed by two charters of St. Guthlac’s priory, Hereford: in the first, “Sybil de Laceo” donated land at “Parva Frome” in Herefordshire, while in the second Sibylla “domina de Lodel” donated further land in the same place “ex proprio jure hereditare mee” with the consent of “domini mei Gozonis de Dinan”[753]. It is assumed that Sibylla survived for at least two years after her second marriage as her second husband is recorded as having had two children. No source has been identified which confirms that Sibylla was their mother, although the naming of the younger child after her is indicative. Joscelin & his wife had two children:

i) HAWISE de Dinan ([1140/50]-1226 or after). The Historia sancti Petri Gloucestriæ records that "Hawyse de Dynan" exchanged property donated by her father, that “Jozo de Plukenya" confirmed the donation of "Jazonis avi sui", that "Hugo de Plukenya" confirmed the donation of "Jazonis de Dynan" and donated further property, and that "Jozo de Plukeneya filius Hugonis" confirmed the foregoing[754]. Hawise’s suggested date of birth is estimated from the first marriage before 1125 of her mother, who was then presumably already of child-bearing age, and her mother’s second marriage after 1138. If this estimate is correct, it is likely that Hawise was married [1155/65]. If this estimate is correct, it is likely that Hawise was married [1155/65], although the first marriage of her son Fulk FitzWarin [III] in 1207 suggests the later part of this date range and even an extended period after her marriage before Fulk [III] was born. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by two lawsuits recorded in 1194 in which, in the first, "Hawisia de Dinat…Fulkon fil Warin" and "--- Sibill de Dinat uxore" are named, and in the second "Fulko fil Warin…Hawiss uxor sue" and "Sibill uxor Hug de Plugenai"[755]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Fulcho f Warini et Hawisa uxor eius" in Wiltshire[756]. "Hawis de Dinan et Sibill soror eius" paid a fine for "de Bokeland, Corfton in Sumerset et de Hertilande in Devon…vs Oliverum de Dinan", dated 1204[757]. The primary source which confirms her date of death has not been identified. m ([1155/65] or later) FULK FitzWarin [II], son of FULK FitzWarin [I] & his wife Eva --- (-[1195/98]).

ii) SIBYLLE de Dinan (-1212). The Historia sancti Petri Gloucestriæ records that "Jozo de Dynan" donated “terram xvii solidorum in Lamborne…" on becoming a monk at St Peter’s, that "Sibilla filia Jazonis" confirmed her father’s donation and donated further property[758]. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by two lawsuits recorded in 1194 in which, in the first, "Hawisia de Dinat…Fulkon fil Warin" and "--- Sibill de Dinat uxore" are named, and in the second "Fulko fil Warin…Hawiss uxor sue" and "Sibill uxor Hug de Plugenai"[759]. "Hawis de Dinan et Sibill soror eius" paid a fine for "de Bokeland, Corfton in Sumerset et de Hertilande in Devon…vs Oliverum de Dinan", dated 1204[760]. The Historia sancti Petri Gloucestriæ records that "Hawyse de Dynan" exchanged property donated by her father, that “Jozo de Plukenya" confirmed the donation of "Jazonis avi sui", that "Hugo de Plukenya" confirmed the donation of "Jazonis de Dynan" and donated further property, and that "Jozo de Plukeneya filius Hugonis" confirmed the foregoing[761]. m HUGH de Plugenai, son of ---.

f) [ROBERT (-after 1149). "Alanus de Dinan" donated property to Lehon by charter dated 1149, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…"[762]. It is uncertain whether Robert was another brother of Alain as no other reference has been found to him. It is possible that "Roberto" in this charter was a transcription error for "Rolando".]

1. ROLAND de Dinan (-before 1242). m ---. The name of Roland’s wife is not known. Roland & his wife had one child:

a) JEAN de Dinan (-after Aug 1242). "Johannes de Dinanno miles, filius Rolandi de Dinanno militis" abandoned rights of "forcagium" (harvest related?) in favour of the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Marie uxoris nostre filie Prigencii de Trunkedo", by charter dated Aug 1242[763]. m MARIE, daughter of PRIGENT de Tonquedec & his wife --- (-after 1242). "Johannes de Dinanno miles, filius Rolandi de Dinanno militis" abandoned rights of "forcagium" (harvest related?) in favour of the abbey of Notre-Dame-de-Beauport, with the consent of "Marie uxoris nostre filie Prigencii de Trunkedo", by charter dated Aug 1242[764].

2. ROLAND de Dinan (-1266). The Chronicon Britannicum records the death in 1266 of “dominus Rollandus de Dinanno miles”[765].

3. ROLAND de Dinan (-after 1 May 1303). Seigneur de Montafilant. The testament of "Rollandus de Dynanno miles" is dated 1 May 1303 and appoints as executors "Gaufridum filium meum et heredem, dominum Radulphum de Quoiquen consanguineum meum…"[766]. m AME de Léon, daughter of HERVE [III] Vicomte de Léon & his wife Marguerite ---. "Rollant de Dinam chevalier et Ames a famme" ratified the sale of the county of Léon by the duke of Brittany by charter dated Oct 1276[767]. Roland & his wife had one child:

a) GEOFFROY de Dinan (-1312). The testament of "Rollandus de Dynanno miles" is dated 1 May 1303 and appoints as executors "Gaufridum filium meum et heredem, dominum Radulphum de Quoiquen consanguineum meum…"[768]. Seigneur de Montafilant. m ---. The primary source which confirms the name of Geoffroy’s wife has not been identified. Geoffroy & his wife had children:

i) ROLAND de Dinan (-9 Mar 1349, bur Dinan église des Cordeliers). Seigneur de Montafilant.

- see below.

ROLAND de Dinan, son of GEOFFROY de Dinan Seigneur de Montafilant & his wife --- (-9 Mar 1349, bur Dinan église des Cordeliers). Seigneur de Montafilant.

m (1315) THOMASSE de Châteaubriand, daughter of GEOFFROY [VII] Seigneur de Châteaubriand & his wife Isabelle de Machecoul.

Roland & his wife had children:

1. ROLAND de Dinan (-killed in battle Auray 1364). Seigneur de Montafilant. m (before 31 Dec 1344) HERMINE de Lohéac, daughter of ---. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by the following document: “Dinan (monseigneur Rolland de) le jeune”, authorised by “monseigneur Rolland de Dinan l’aîné son père”, settled a dispute with “monseigneur Eon sire de Lohéac et de La Roche”, concerning delayed payment of dowry “promise en mariage à damoiselle Hermine de Lohéac sa femme sœur dudit seignr Eon” and because of “la succession de feue Marguerite sa fille depuis peu décédée”, by charter dated 31 Dec 1344[769]. Roland & his wife had children:

a) CHARLES de Dinan (-19 Sep 1418, bur Dinan église des Cordeliers). Seigneur de Montafilant. Seigneur de Châteaubriand. Letters dated 15 Jan 1408 record a claim by “Karolum de Dynanto dominum Castribriendi...gardiam...Roberti de Dynanto eius filii” against “Margaretam comitissam Pentheuriæ et vicecomitissam Lemoic...tam suo nomine quam...gardiam...Oliverii comitis Pentheuriæ et vicecomitis Lemovic. eius filii” relating to the marriage contract between “Roberti de Dyanto prædicti” and “Ioannæ de Britannia dictæ comitissæ filia”[770]. m firstly as her second husband, JEANNE d’Ancenis Dame d’Ancenis, widow of THIBAUT de Rochefort-sur-Loire, daughter of GEOFFROY d’Ancenis & his wife Blanche d’Avaugour. Her first marriage is indicated by the following document: “Guillaume Paynel seigneur de Hambye et Jeanne Paynel son épouse veuve de Jean d’Avaugour” reached agreement with “Jean de La Suze et sa femme” concerning the dowry of “Jeanne...la propriété de Saint-Aubin Fosse Louvain...fourni par la femme de Jean de la Suze, fille de la femme de Charles de Dinan héritière d’Avaugour” by charter dated 15 Dec 1388[771]. m secondly as her second husband, CONSTANCE de Coëtlen, widow of EVEN Vicomte du Fou, daughter of ---. m thirdly JEANNE de Beaumanoir, daughter of JEAN Seigneur de Beaumanoir, Maréchal de Bretagne & his wife Marguerite de Rohan Dame de Montcontour (-1398). m fourthly JEANNE Raguenel, daughter of JEAN Raguenel Vicomte de la Bellière, Seigneur de Châtel-Ogier & his wife Jeanne Chuppin. Charles & his third wife had children:

i) HENRY de Dinan (-8 Feb 1403 (O.S.?), bur Rennes Saint-François). Seigneur de Beaumanoir.

ii) ROLAND de Dinan (-1419). Seigneur de Beaumanoir. Seigneur de Châteaubriand. m MARIE du Perrier, daughter of JEAN du Perrier Seigneur du Plessis-Balisson & his wife Olive de Rougé.

iii) ROBERT de Dinan (-13 Mar 1429). His parentage is confirmed by the 15 Jan 1408 letters quoted below under his wife. Seigneur de Montcontour, which he exchanged with the comtesse de Penthièvre for other properties in 1407[772]. Seigneur de Châteaubriand. m ([1407]) as her first husband, JEANNE de Blois-Châtillon, daughter of JEAN [I] de Blois-Châtillon Comte de Penthièvre & his wife Marguerite de Clisson (-1459). Letters dated 15 Jan 1408 record a claim by “Karolum de Dynanto dominum Castribriendi...gardiam...Roberti de Dynanto eius filii” against “Margaretam comitissam Pentheuriæ et vicecomitissam Lemoic...tam suo nomine quam...gardiam...Oliverii comitis Pentheuriæ et vicecomitis Lemovic. eius filii” relating to the marriage contract between “Roberti de Dyanto prædicti” and “Ioannæ de Britannia dictæ comitissæ filia”[773]. Letters dated 14 Feb 1453 record a claim by “Ioannes de Brossa miles dominus de Sancta Severa et Nicola de Britannia eius uxor” against “Ioannem Harpedenne militem dominum de Bellavilla et Ioannam de Britannia eius uxorem” concerning “terrarum et dominorum de Paluau, de Castromuri” as part of the succession of “defuncti Ioannis de Britannia comitis Pentheuriæ”[774]. She married secondly (1448) Jean [III] de Harpedane Seigneur de Belleville.

iv) BERTRAND de Dinan (-21 May 1444). Seigneur de Huguetières et de Châteauceaux. Maréchal de Bretagne. Seigneur de Châteaubriand et de Beaumanoir. m firstly (contract 25 Jul 1426) MARIE de Surgères, daughter of JACQUES Seigneur de Surgères & his wife Marguerite de Vivonne. m secondly (13 Mar 1434) as her second husband, JEANNE d’Harcourt, widow of JEAN [III] Seigneur de Rieux et de Rochefort, Baron d’Ancenis, daughter of JEAN [VII] Comte d'Harcourt & his wife Marie d´Alençon [Capet-Valois] (Châtellerault 11 Sep 1399-3 Mar 1456, bur Ancenis Cordeliers). Père Anselme records her parentage and two marriages but cites no sources on which the information is based[775]. Ctss d’Harcourt.

v) JACQUES de Dinan (-30 Apr 1444). Seigneur de Beaumanoir, de Châteaubriand et de Montafilant. Grand Bouteiller de France Apr 1427. m as her first husband, CATHERINE de Rohan, daughter of ALAIN [IX] Vicomte de Rohan, Comte de Porhoët & his first wife Marguerite de Bretagne (-after 24 Mar 1471). Père Anselme records her parentage and two marriages, without providing any information about the primary sources on which this information is based[776]. She married secondly (before 20 Sep 1447) Jean d’Albret Vicomte de Tartas. Jacques & his wife had one daughter:

(1) FRANÇOISE de Dinan (20 Dec 1436-3 Jan 1499, bur Nantes Dominican Church). Dame de Beaumanoir, de Châteaubriand, de Vioreau, de Hugutières-en-Retz, de Beaumanoir, du Bodister-en-Pleurin, du Guildo, de Montafilant et de la Hardouinais. m firstly (1444) GILLES de Bretagne Seigneur de Chantocé et d’Ingrande, son of JEAN VI Duke of Brittany & his wife Jeanne de France (1420-murdered Château de la Hardouinais 24 Apr 1450, bur Bosquien Abbaye Notre Dame). m secondly (1450) as his second wife, GUY [XIV] de Laval Comte de Laval, son of JEAN de Montfort [GUY [XIII] de Laval] Seigneur de Kergorlay & his wife Anne de Laval Dame de Laval et de Vitré (-Châteaubriand 2 Sep 1486, bur Laval Saint-Vénéran, église de Saint-Tugdal). m thirdly (soon after 1486) JEAN de Proisy, son of ---.

vi) THOMINE de Dinan ). m JEAN de la Haye Seigneur de Passavant et de Chemillé, son of ---.

vii) JEANNE de Dinan . m firstly FOULQUES Paynel Seigneur de Hambye, son of --- (-[1413]). m secondly (before 20 Sep 1414) GUILLAUME de Graville Seigneur de la Brisette, son of ---.

b) JEANNE de Dinan . m BERTRAND [II] Goyon Seigneur de Matignon, son of ALAIN [III] Goyon de Matignon & his wife Jacqueline de Rieux (-after 6 Apr 1380).

J. SEIGNEURS de DINAN (SEIGNEURS de VITRE)

ALAIN de Vitré, son of ROBERT Seigneur de Vitré & his wife Emma de Dinan (-before Oct 1200). "Rollandus de Dinanno" granted property to Sauvigny with the consent of "Alano de Vitreio nepote meo", stating that the latter was his heir, by undated charter[777]. He adopted the name "de Dinan" as heir to his maternal uncle. Seigneur de Dinan. "Andreas de Vitreio" donated property to Sauvigny, for the souls of "patris mei Roberti et matris mee Emme et uxoris mee Mathildis", with the consent of "Mathildis uxor mea et fratres mei Alanus et Robertus", by charter dated to [1173/84][778]. "Andreas dominus Vitrei" donated property to Sauvigny, with the consent of "fratribus meis Alano, Roberto, Joscelino", by charter dated to [1175/84][779].

m as her first husband, CLEMENCE de Fougères, daughter of GUILLAUME de Fougères & his wife Agatha du Hommet (-1252). The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. She married secondly (before 7 Oct 1200) as his second wife, Ranulf "de Blundeville" Earl of Chester. The Annales Cestrienses record in 1200 that “Rannulphus comes Cestrie”, having left “comitssa Britannie...Constancia”, married “filiam Radulphi de Feugis”[780]. King John confirmed "manerio de Belinton" made by "Gaufr de Fulgeriis" to "R. com Cestr…in maritagio cum Clementia sorore sua" by charter dated 29 May 1204[781]. The Annals of Burton record the death “post Natale Domini” in 1252 of “Clementia comitissa de Rependun relicta…Ranulfi quondam comitis Cestriæ”[782].

Alain & his wife had one child:

1. GERVAISE de Vitré (-[1235/41]). Vicomtesse de Dinan. "Juhellus dominus Meduanæ et Dinani…Gervasia uxor mea filia Alani de Dinan…Isabella mater mea" founded the abbey of Fontaine-Daniel by charter dated 19 May 1205[783]. "Juhel seigneur de Mayenne" donated property to the priory of Fontaine-Daniel, for the soul of "Gervaise sa femme", by charter dated 12 Feb 1207, witnessed by "…Isabelle de Mayenne…"[784]. "Juhellus de Meduana…cum assensu…Gervasie uxoris mee" confirmed the donation of property to Craon Bonshommes made by "Stephanum de Chastelou et eius uxorem" by charter dated 1210[785]. "Juhellus Meduane et Dinanni dominus" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "Gervasia uxore mea...filiabus meis Isabel et Margarita et Johanna", by charter dated 1212[786]. The obituary of Craon Bonshommes records the death 12 Apr of "dominus Juhellus de Meduana dominus Meduane et Dinani fundator prioratus de Monteguidonis", adding that he donated property with the consent of "Gervasie uxoris sue filie et heredis Theobaldi de Dinan"[787]. "Richardus Maresschallus dominus Dinanni et Gervasia eius uxor" confirmed donations to the abbey of Beaulieu by charter dated 1224[788]. "Henricus de Avalgor, filius Alani comitis…et Margarita uxor mea" renewed a donation of property to the abbey of Bon-Repos by "Gervasia domina Dinani", for the soul of "bone memorie Gaufridi vicecomitis de Rohan quondam mariti sui", by charter dated 1229[789]. "Gervasia domina de Dynan" confirmed donations by "bone memorie Juhelli de Meduana quondam mariti nostri" to the abbey of Saint-Aubin-des-Bois by charter dated 1235[790]. "Gervasia domina Dynanni" donated property to Saint-Aubin-des-Bois after the death of "bone memorie Richardi Marischallis, quondam mariti mei" by charter dated 1236[791]. Her date of death is confirmed by the charter dated 1241 under which "Droco de Melloto, Locharam et Meduane dominus" [her son-in-law] wrote to "fratri suo domino Henrico de Avalgor", naming "bone memorie domine Gervasie"[792]. m firstly (before 1189) JUHEL Seigneur de Mayenne, son of GEOFFROY Seigneur de Mayenne & his second wife Isabelle de Meulan (-killed in battle 2 or 4 May 1220, bur Fontaine-Daniel). m secondly (after 4 May 1220) as his second wife, GEOFFROY [I] Vicomte de Rohan, son of ALAIN [IV] Vicomte de Rohan & his wife Mabile de Fougères (-15 Sep 1221). m thirdly (before Jan 1224) RICHARD Marshal, son of WILLIAM Marshal Earl of Pembroke & his wife Isabel Ctss of Pembroke (-Kilkenny Castle 16 Apr 1234, bur Kilkenny, Church of the Franciscans). He succeeded as Seigneur de Dinan in 1224, de iure uxoris[793]. He succeeded his brother in 1231 as Earl of Pembroke, hereditary Master Marshal.

K. SEIGNEURS de DOL

1. RIVALLON [I] . m ---. The name of Rivallon's wife is not known. Rivallon [I] & his wife had one child:

a) ROIANTELINA . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m HAMON [I] Vicomte de Dinan, son of ---.

RIVALLON de Dinan, son of HAMON [I] Vicomte de Dinan & his wife Roiantelina de Dol (-after [1064/65]). An enquiry made at Dol by order of Henry II King of England dated Oct 1181 records that "Guingeneus Dolensis archiepisc. et Ruellen Capra Canuta, Josselinus de Dinan et Salomon bastardus fratres fuerunt"[794]. "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated property to the abbey of Redon, with the advice of "fratrum meorum Haimoni…vicecomitis et Goszelini atque Riuualloni", by charter dated to [1029/37][795]. "Manigenius…miles" founded the priory of Saint-Cyr-lès-Rennes and donated it to Tours Saint-Julien by charter dated 23 May 1037, subscribed by "Alanus dux…Eudonis fratris Alani ducis Britannorum, Gotzelini vicecomitis, Rualentis domini Doli…"[796]. Seigneur de Dol et de Combour. "Goscelinus de Dinam…Rivallonus frater eius…Arveus…Radulfus…filius Donnalloni" donated "suam partem de decima terræ sancti Paterni" to Angers Saint-Nicolas by charter dated to [1050], witnessed by "Fretaldus et Hato pater eius"[797]. "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[798]. "…Rivallonus de Dol…" witnessed the charter dated 1064 under which Guillaume II Duke of Normandy settled a claim in favour of the monks of Marmoutier relating to property donated by "Guido de Valle"[799]. The Breton/Norman war of 1064/65 was triggered by the rebellion of Rivallon [I] de Dol, who was supported by Guillaume II Duke of Normandy.

m EREMBURGE, daughter of ---. "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin" by charter dated [1060][800]. Dion suggests that “il est fort probable qu’Ebrard fut aussi père de la femme de Rudalen seigneur de Dol en Bretagne”, presumably basing his hypothesis on the couple naming one of their sons Gilduin although this is not stated explicitly[801]. If correct, this means that she was Eremburge de Breteuil, daughter of Erard [I] Comte de Breteuil, Vicomte de Chartres & his wife Humberge ---. "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[802].

Rivallon [II] & his wife had five children:

1. GUILLAUME (-after [1082]). "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[803]. "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin" by charter dated [1060][804]. "Johannes frater donni abbatis Wilelmi" donated half "terræ de Cels" to Saint-Florent de Saumur on becoming a monk there, by charter dated to [1082][805]. William I King of England confirmed the previous donation to Saint-Florent de Saumur by "domni Guillelmi filii Rivallonis de Dolo et eiusdem loci abbatis et fratris sui Johannis" by charter dated to [1083][806]. Abbé de Saumur.

2. JEAN [I] (-27 Jan, after 1118). "Johannes frater donni abbatis Wilelmi" donated half "terræ de Cels" to Saint-Florent de Saumur on becoming a monk there, by charter dated to [1082][807]. William I King of England confirmed the previous donation to Saint-Florent de Saumur by "domni Guillelmi filii Rivallonis de Dolo et eiusdem loci abbatis et fratris sui Johannis" by charter dated to [1083][808]. Seigneur de Dol.

- see below.

3. GILDUIN (-after 1076). "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[809]. "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin" by charter dated [1060][810]. Tresvaux records that he was proposed as bishop of Dol in 1076, but considered by Pope Gregory VII too young to be ordained as bishop, after which he retired as a monk to Saint-Pierre de Chartres, but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[811].

4. GEOFFROY . "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[812]. "Gauffredus Rivallonis filius" donated property to Mont-Saint-Michel by undated charter[813]. Supposedly ancestor of the de Gorron family.

5. HAWISE . "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[814]. m ALVEUS Vicomte de Poher, son of ---.

JEAN [I] de Dol, son of RIVALLON [II] Seigneur de Dol & his wife Eremburge de Breteuil (-27 Jan, after 1118). "Rivallonus Britannicus gente…castri possessor…Combornium" donated property to Marmoutiers, with the consent of "meam…conjugem…Aremburgem atque liberos Guillelmum, Johannem, Gilduinum, Gaufredum, Aduisam", by undated charter[815]. "Johannes frater donni abbatis Wilelmi" donated half "terræ de Cels" to Saint-Florent de Saumur on becoming a monk there, by charter dated to [1082][816]. William I King of England confirmed the previous donation to Saint-Florent de Saumur by "domni Guillelmi filii Rivallonis de Dolo et eiusdem loci abbatis et fratris sui Johannis" by charter dated to [1083][817]. "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin" by charter dated [1060][818]. Seigneur de Dol. Tresvaux appears to confuse two archbishops of Dol named Jean de Dol, recording that the first was ordained as Archbishop of Dol in 1082 and witnessed charters in 1115 and 1118, and in a later passage that the second was elected after 1098, died before he was consecrated, and was buried in the church of Sainte-Sophie, but does not cite the primary source on which this is based[819].

m ---. The name of Jean's wife is not known.

Jean [I] & his wife had three children:

1. RIVALLON [III] (-after 1095). "Haimo filius Maini" donated property to Combourg priory, with the consent of "uxor eius Basilia…et Guillelmus et Gauterius fratres ipsius Haimonis, et dominus suus Rivallonus dominus Doli Castri filius Johannis archiepiscopi", by charter dated 1095[820].

2. GILDUIN (-1137). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. m NOGA de Tinteniac, daughter of ---. "Johannes dominus Dolensis cum Noga matre mea" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "comite Stephano nepote nostro", by undated charter[821]. The primary source which confirms her family origin has not been identified. Gilduin & his wife had two children:

a) JEAN . Seigneur de Dol. "Johannes dominus Dolensis cum Noga matre mea" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "comite Stephano nepote nostro", by undated charter[822]. m ---. The name of Jean’s wife is not known. Jean & his wife had two children:

i) ISEUT . "Hasculfus filius Johannis de Soligneio dominus Dolensis et Iseut uxor mea et Dionysia soror eiusdem…filia Johannes de Dol" confirmed donations to "abbatiæ de Veteri-villa" made by "dominus Johannes Dolensis" by charter dated 1183 witnessed by "dominus Johannes de Soligneio pater meus et Adam avunculus meus…"[823]. m HASCULF de Soligny, son of JEAN Seigneur de Soligny & his wife ---. Seigneur de Dol. The Scripta de Feodis of King Philippe II, dated to the early 13th century, record “...Johannes de Dolo...” among “milites Britanniæ”[824]. "Johannes de Dolo filius H. de Soligneio" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "A. uxore mea, Jelduino fil. meo, Noga filia mea", by charter dated 1210[825]. "Johannes de Dolo dominus de Combor" recorded donations of property to Vieuville, with the consent of "uxore mea Alienor", by charter dated Apr 1214[826]. "Jodoinus de Dolo miles" confirmed donations made to le Tronchet by “Alanus filius Jordani senescallus Dolensis fundator” by charter dated Apr 1229[827]. The testament of "Joannes de Dolo dominus Comburnii Sal. Jodoinus filius meus primogenitus" is dated 1235 and made with the consent of “Andree domini Vitreii et Alienor sororis sue uxoris dicti Jodoini”[828].

ii) DENISE . "Hasculfus filius Johannis de Soligneio dominus Dolensis et Iseut uxor mea et Dionysia soror eiusdem…filia Johannes de Dol" confirmed donations to "abbatiæ de Veteri-villa" made by "dominus Johannes Dolensis" by charter dated 1183 witnessed by "dominus Johannes de Soligneio pater meus et Adam avunculus meus…"[829].

b) HAWISE . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt de Abrinc" in Devonshire accounting to the king for his malevolence for his marriage to "filia Geldewini de Dol"[830]. Domesday Descendants mentions that she is named Hawise in one of the charters of her husband "for the Mont"[831]. m as his first wife, ROBERT d'Avranches, son of WILLIAM FitzWimund d'Avranches & his wife Mathilde --- (-before 1142).

3. HAWISE . Her parentage and marriage are indicated by an undated charter which records that "Johannes dominus Dolensis cum Noga matre mea" donated property to Vieuville, with the consent of "comite Stephano nepote nostro" [her grandson][832]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified, although she is named “H” in the charter of her son dated 1152. m GEOFFROY [II] "Boterel" de Penthièvre, son of ETIENNE de Bretagne Lord of Richmond & his wife Havise de Guingamp ([before 1100]-1148). Comte de Penthièvre [1135/36].

L. SENECHAUX de DOL

The reconstruction of the following family is based on that proposed by Paul Fox, with some minor adjustments, which appears to reflect the information recorded in the primary sources[833]. Round, in his early 20th century study on the origins of the Stewarts, splits "Alan son of Flaald" into two persons, the second being the supposed nephew of the first[834]. However, Round cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct, and it is more reasonable to suppose, as proposed by Fox, that all the primary source records for this name in the latter part of the 11th and the early 12th centuries refer to the same person[835].

1. HATO [I] . "…De nostris hominibus: Hato et Willelmus, butellarius" witnessed the undated charter (dated to [1027/39]) under which "Junkeneus archiepiscopus" donated "plebiculam Guernuidel" to Redon[836].

Two brothers, parents not known. The name and chronology suggests that Hato [I] may have been their father, but no primary source has been identified which confirms that this affiliation is correct beyond doubt.

1. FLAALD (-[1070/76]). "Goscelinus de Dinam…Rivallonus frater eius…Arveus…Radulfus…filius Donnalloni" donated "suam partem de decima terræ sancti Paterni" to Angers Saint-Nicolas by charter dated to [1050], witnessed by "Fretaldus et Hato pater eius"[837]. m ---. The name of Flaald’s wife is not known. Flaald & his wife had three children:

a) ALAIN (-[before 1114]). Hereditary Seneschal of Dol. "Maino filius Theogineti […Theonus]" donated the churches of Gugnen and Voël to Combourg priory, with the consent of "filiis suis Haimone et Gauterio, et Alanus filius Flaudi", by undated charter[838].

- see below.

b) FLAALD . “Alanus Siniscallus” granted rights to Mezvoit, a cell of Saint-Florent near Dol, with the consent of “Fledaldus frater eius”, in return for admitting his brother Rhiwallon into the fraternity[839]. "Flaald son of Flaald" witnessed a charter dated Jan 1087 which records a donation of land at Mezvoit to Dol[840].

c) RIVALLON . “Alanus Siniscallus” granted rights to Mezuoit, a cell of Saint-Florent near Dol, with the consent of “Fledaldus frater eius”, in return for admitting his brother Rhiwallon into the fraternity[841]. Monk at St Florent, Saumur.

2. HATO [II] . "Goscelinus de Dinam…Rivallonus frater eius…Arveus…Radulfus…filius Donnalloni" donated "suam partem de decima terræ sancti Paterni" to Angers Saint-Nicolas by charter dated to [1050], witnessed by "Fretaldus et Hato pater eius"[842]. Paul Fox interprets the last phrase in this document and assumes that Hato was the father of Flaald, implying that he was the same Hato who is named in the charter dated to [1027/39] which is quoted above[843]. However, it is extremely unusual in contemporary documentation for a father to be named after his son. It is therefore more likely that "pater" in the document represents a transcription error for "frater" and that Hato was the same person as the brother of Flaald who is named in the following document. This of course does not prevent the brothers Flaald and Hato being the sons of the earlier Hato, but no source has been identified which confirms that this parentage is correct. "…Hatonis fratris Flotardi…" witnessed the charter dated to [1060] under which "Guillaume fils de Rivallon" restored property to Mont-Saint-Michel, with the consent of "sa mère Heremburge et de ses frères Jean et Gelduin"[844].

ALAIN FitzFlaald, son of FLAALD Seneschal of Dol & his wife --- (-[before 1114]). Hereditary Seneschal of Dol. "Maino filius Theogineti […Theonus]" donated the churches of Gugnen and Voël to Combourg priory, with the consent of "filiis suis Haimone et Gauterio, et Alanus filius Flaudi", by undated charter[845]. "Baderon" donated "villam Beren cum filia sua" to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Rennes, with the consent of "Guillelmo eius filio" and in the presence of "Rivalloni filii Johannis, Radulphi Filicensis", by undated charter, witnessed by "Alanus filius Flaaldi…"[846]. “Alanus Siniscallus” granted rights to Mezuoit, a cell of Saint-Florent near Dol, with the consent of “Fledaldus frater eius”, in return for admitting his brother Rhiwallon into the fraternity[847]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Alanus dapifer Dolensis" was present at the capture of Nikaia in 1097[848]. “…Alanus Flaaldi filius…” subscribed an undated charter of Herbert Bishop of Norwich relating to the foundation of Norwich priory[849]. “…Alanus Haraldi [presumably an error for "Flaaldi"] filius…” subscribed a charter of Henry I King of England, dated 3 Sep 1101, relating to Norwich priory[850]. Sheriff of Shropshire: a manuscript reciting the foundation of Shrewsbury abbey records that "Alanus filius Fladaldi" held “honorem vicecomitis Warini” (who was Sheriff of Shropshire) after "filium eius"[851]. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation to Norwich priory of "manerium meum de Eattona" by "Alanus filius Flahaldi" by charter dated to [1107/16][852]. He established a religious community in 1110, possibly on the site of the future abbey of Haughmond in Shropshire which was later founded by his son William FitzAlan[853]. “Alanus filius Flaaldi et Adelina uxor mea” donated land at Kempston and Sporle to Castle Acre Priory by undated charter[854]. “Alan son of Flaald” granted Sporle Priory, Norfolk to Saumur Saint-Florent by charter, dated to before 1122, witnessed by “…Rivallonus Extraneus…”[855]. Round suggests that the witness was the founder of the Lestrange family in Norfolk[856]. A charter dated 1133 records that “Alanus filius Fladaldi” had donated “terram in Straton” to Burton, and confirmed “terram in Wulfrichestona” [Wolston, Warwickshire] donated by “domina Adeliza tempore Nigelli abbatis” and also confirmed by “Rogero de Fredeville” (see below)[857].

[m firstly ---. If it is correct, as shown below, that Flaald was the son of Alain, the chronology dictates that he was born from a previous unrecorded marriage of his father. If this Alain is correctly identified as the "Alanus filius Flaudi" who witnessed the charter for Combourg priory which is quoted above, it is highly likely that his marriage to Adeline de Hesdin was not his first marriage.]

m [secondly] ([1100/05]) as her first husband, ADELINE [Aveline], daughter of ARNOUL de Hesdin [en Picardie] & his wife Emmeline --- (-after 1126). “Alanus filius Flaaldi et Adelina uxor mea” donated property to Castle Acre Priory by undated charter[858]. Her parentage is confirmed by Orderic Vitalis who records that "Ernulf de Hesdin" was avunculus of "William fitz Alan castellan and vicecomes of Shrewsbury"[859]. It is assumed that her [first] marriage took place early in the reign of Henry I King of England, who sponsored her husband’s rise to prominence in England as shown by the king’s charters in which he is named. Eyton states that Dugdale intimates that "Dame Adeliza" who donated land at Wolston to Burton abbey, by charter dated to before 1114, was Alan FitzFlaad’s widow and the mother of "Sibil" who with her husband Roger de Freville confirmed her mother’s donation by charter dated 1132[860]. Henry I King of England confirmed an agreement between the bishop of Norwich and "Avelinam de Hesding" concerning "terra de Ettona" by charter dated to [1121/27][861]. She married secondly Robert FitzWalter of Caen[862]. The Historia sancti Petri Gloucestriæ records that "Robertus filius Walteri et Avelina uxor eius" donated "ecclesiam de Nortone", as previously donated by "Elmelina mater Avelinæ ante plures annos", in 1126[863]. A charter of Henry II King of England, dated 1176, recites donations to Haughmond abbey including that of "Willielmus filius Alani" of "terram de Piperinges" previously enjoyed by "Aveline matris ipsius Willielmi filius Alani"[864].

Alain & his [first] wife had [one child]:

1. [FLAALD (-after 18 Mar [1101/02]). “…Float filius Alani dapiferi…” witnessed the charter dated to 18 Mar [1101/02] under which William son of Baderon donated the priory of St Mary Monmouth to Saumur Saint-Florent[865].]

Alain & his [second] wife had [five] children:

2. WILLIAM FitzAlan (-1160). “Ric comes de Arundell et dom de Albo” confirmed donations of property by “bonæ memoriæ Wil. filii Alani antecessoris nostri” to Shrewsbury Abbey by charter dated “die Martiis in festo Annunciationis beatæ Mariæ anno regni regis Edwardi vicesimo”[866]. "William Fitz Alan" donated land at Piperinges, "previously enjoyed by this mother Avelina", to Haughmond abbey, by charter dated to [1155/58][867].

- EARLS of ARUNDEL.

3. JORDAN (-after 1130). Hereditary Steward of Dol. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Iordan fil Alani" (three entries) in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire[868]. “Jordanus filius Alani, Maria uxor Jordani, Jordanus, Alanus…filii Jordani” subcribed the charter dated to 1130 under which Geoffroy archbishop-elect of Dol notified the donation of the church of la Fresnais by Jordan, son of Alan, to Marmoutier[869]. m MARIE, daughter of ---. “Jordanus filius Alani, Maria uxor Jordani, Jordanus, Alanus…filii Jordani” subcribed the charter dated to 1130 under which Geoffroy archbishop-elect of Dol notified the donation of the church of la Fresnais by Jordan, son of Alan, to Marmoutier[870]. Jordan & his wife had two children:

a) JORDAN . “Jordanus filius Jordani filius Alani” restored a mill at Burton, donated by “Alani filii Flealdi et…Jordani patris mei”, to Saumur Saint-Florent[871]. “Jordanus filius Alani, Maria uxor Jordani, Jordanus, Alanus…filii Jordani” subcribed the charter dated to 1130 under which Geoffroy archbishop-elect of Dol notified the donation of the church of la Fresnais by Jordan, son of Alan, to Marmoutier[872].

b) ALAN (-after 11 Dec [1164/72]). “Jordanus filius Alani, Maria uxor Jordani, Jordanus, Alanus…filii Jordani” subcribed the charter dated to 1130 under which Geoffroy archbishop-elect of Dol notified the donation of the church of la Fresnais by Jordan, son of Alan, to Marmoutier[873]. Hereditary Steward of Dol. “Alani filii Jordani” confirmed the donation by his grandfather “Alan Flauudi” of the tithe of his demesne at Burton to Marmoutier, with the approval of his wife Johanna and son Jordan, by charter dated to the reign of King Henry II[874]. "Alanus filius quondam Jordani, Dolensis senescalcus" confirmed the donation of “ecclesie...de Troncheto...ecclesia de Ploagat et...quatuor ecclesiis Anglie...Tophor, Boresignas, Garsop et Serretona” to the abbey of Sainte-Trinité de Tiron by charter dated 11 Dec [1164/72][875]. m JOAN, daughter of ---. “Alani filii Jordani” confirmed the donation by his grandfather “Alan Flauudi” of the tithe of his demesne at Burton to Marmoutier, with the approval of his wife Johanna and son Jordan, by charter dated to the reign of King Henry II[876]. “Johanna uxor Alani dapiferi de Dolo et filia ipsius Oliva” donated property to the abbey of Vieuville for the soul of Alain, undated[877]. Alan & his wife had three children:

i) JORDAN . “Alani filii Jordani” confirmed the donation by his grandfather “Alan Flauudi” of the tithe of his demesne at Burton to Marmoutier, with the approval of his wife Johanna and son Jordan, by charter dated to the reign of King Henry II[878]. m ---. The name of Jordan’s wife is not known. Jordan & his wife had one child:

(a) ALAIN . "Jodoinus de Dolo miles" confirmed donations made to le Tronchet by “Alanus filius Jordani senescallus Dolensis fundator” by charter dated Apr 1229[879].

ii) OLIVE . “Johanna uxor Alani dapiferi de Dolo et filia ipsius Oliva” donated property to the abbey of Vieuville for the soul of Alain, undated[880]. Heiress of Tuxford, Nottinghamshire. The primary source which confirms her two marriages has not been identified. m firstly ROBERT de St John Seigneur de Saint-Jean-le-Thomas, son of ---. m secondly ([1200]) ROGER de Montbegon, son of ---.

iii) ALICE (-1 Sep ----). The necrology of Dol records the death “Kal Sep” of “Ælicia uxor G[uillelmi] Espine filia Alani Jordanis” donated property to the abbey of Vieuville for the soul of Alain, undated[881]. Heiress of lands in Brittany. m GUILLAUME Espine, son of HAMON Espine & his wife ---. “William Spina son of Hamo” confirmed the donations made to Vieuville abbey “de feodo Aeliz uxoris mee filie Alani Dolensis senescalli”, with the consent of “Alano filio nostro”[882]. Seneschal de Dol.

4. WALTER FitzAlan (-1177). "…Waltero filio Alan" witnessed a charter dated to [1135] by which "David Rex Scottorum" granted Swinton to "Arnulfo…mee militi"[883]. William FitzAlan invested his brother Walter in his Sussex manor of Stoke, dated to [1155/60][884]. He was appointed first High Steward of Scotland.

- HIGH STEWARDS of SCOTLAND.

5. SIMON (-after [1163]). "Walterus filius Alani dapifer regis Scotie" founded the monastery of Paisley by charter dated to before 1163, witnessed by "…Simone fratre Walteri filii Alani"[885]. Eyton states that he was "the reputed ancestor of Boyd, Earl of Errol"[886].

6. [SIBYLLA (-after 1132). Eyton states that Dugdale intimates that "Dame Adeliza" who donated land at Wolston to Burton abbey, by charter dated to before 1114, was Alan FitzFlaad’s widow and the mother of "Sibil" who with her husband Roger de Freville confirmed her mother’s donation by charter dated 1132[887]. The charter is the following: “Rogerus de Fredevil et uxore jus Sibilla” donated “terram in Wulfrichestona” [Wolston, Warwickshire], earlier donated by “Adeliza mater Sibillæ tempore Nigelli abbatis”, to Burton by charter dated 1132[888]. m ROGER de Freville, son of --- (-after 1132).]

Chapter 3. COMTES de POHER

La Borderie states that the county of Poher was located in the Aulne valley, between the two chains of the Arez mountains and the Montagnes Noires[889].

1. RIVALLON (-after 839). Comte de Poher. "…Riuuallon commes Poucaer…" witnessed the charter dated 8 Mar [839/44] under which "Riuualt ex semine Iarnuuocon heres" donated "Lisbroniuuin" to Redon[890].

2. JUDICAEL (-after 903). Comte de Poher. "…Riuuelen comes, Pascuethen comes, Bran comes…Jedecael princeps Poucher…Moruuethen comes…Riuallon et Guigon filii Salomonis…" witnessed the charter dated 9 Jul 871 relating to a dispute involving the abbey of Redon[891]. "Jedecael princeps Poucaer …" witnessed the charter dated 903 under which "Coledoc" donated property to Redon[892].

3. MATHEDOI [Matuedo], son of --- (-936). Comte de Poher. It appears that, after the death of Alain I Duke of Brittany in 907, power in Brittany was shared between the counts of Poher (Alain’s son-in-law), Vannes (Alain’s possible eldest son) and Cornouaïlle and that none of these was acknowledged as overall ruler. "Matuedoi comes" confirmed a donation of property "quod rex Alanus antea atque Euuen nepos eius Sancte Mariæ Bilique episcopo in monacho sempiterno dederat" to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 25 Oct 913[893]. He fled to England after the Danes invaded Brittany in 919: the Chronicle of Nantes records that "Mathuedoi comes de Poher" fled "ad regem Anglorum Adelstanum" with "filium suum…Alanum"[894]. m --- de Bretagne, daughter of ALAIN I "le Grand" Duke of Brittany & his wife Oreguen --- . The Chronicle of Nantes records that the mother of "filium suum [Mathuedoi]…Alanum" was "filia Alani Magni Britonum ducis"[895]. Comte Mathedoi & his wife had one child:

a) ALAIN (in Brittany [before 919]-952). The Chronicle of Nantes records that "Mathuedoi comes de Poher" fled "ad regem Anglorum Adelstanum" with "filium suum…Alanum"[896]. It is likely that Alain would not have been younger than 15 years old at the youngest when he took part in the 931 uprising against the Danes in Brittany. If this is correct, he must have been born several years before his father's escape to England. He re-established himself as Comte de Vannes et de Nantes in 936[897], in effect succeeding as ALAIN II "Barbetorte" Duke of Brittany.

- DUKES of BRITTANY.

4. [--- . m ---.]

a) GUEGON (-after 25 Oct 913). "Matuedoi comes" confirmed a donation of property "quod rex Alanus antea atque Euuen nepos eius Sancte Mariæ Bilique episcopo in monacho sempiterno dederat" to the abbey of Redon by charter dated 25 Oct 913, witnessed by "Guegon nepos Matuedoi"[898].

[1] Redon CCXLVII, p. 198.

[2] Landevenec (Borderie), p. 124.

[3] Redon CCLXXIX, p. 226.

[4] Redon CCLXXVI, p. 223.

[5] Landevenec (Borderie), 24, p. 154.

[6] Redon CCLXXVI, p. 223.

[7] Landevenec (Borderie), 36, p. 161.

[8] Landevenec (Borderie), 42, p. 166.

[9] Landevenec (Borderie), 45, p. 168.

[10] Landevenec (Borderie), 46, p. 168.

[11] Landevenec (Borderie), 46, p. 168.

[12] Landévennec 46, p. 573.

[13] Tresvaux (1839), p. 114.

[14] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[15] Landévennec 47, p. 573.

[16] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[17] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[18] Tresvaux (1839), p. 114.

[19] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, p. 124.

[20] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 104.

[21] Morice (1742), Preuves, Tome I, cols. 375-6.

[22] Morice (1742), Preuves, Tome I, col. 378.

[23] Morice (1742), Preuves, Tome I, cols. 375-8.

[24] Gallia Christiana, Tome XIV, col. 876.

[25] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, p. 124.

[26] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 378.

[27] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, p. 124.

[28] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, X, p. 149.

[29] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 378.

[30] Morice (1750), Vol. I, p. xiv.

[31] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 379.

[32] Landevenec (Borderie), 42, p. 166.

[33] Redon CCCLVI, p. 307.

[34] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[35] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, p. 124.

[36] La Borderie (1888), IX, p. 22.

[37] Rennes Saint-Georges, I, p. 217.

[38] Chronicon Kemperlegiense, Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum, Liber I, Collectio Veterum, p. 521.

[39] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronici fragmentum, p. 122.

[40] Landévennec Necrology.

[41] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 565.

[42] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[43] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, p. 124.

[44] Landévennec 48, p. 574.

[45] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, IX, p. 147.

[46] Chronicon Kemperlegiense, Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum, Liber I, Collectio Veterum, p. 521.

[47] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 104.

[48] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronici fragmentum, p. 122.

[49] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 565.

[50] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[51] Redon CCXC, p. 238.

[52] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, LXIII, p. 203.

[53] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[54] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 105.

[55] Tresvaux (1839), p. 67.

[56] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, LXIII, p. 203.

[57] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 559.

[58] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[59] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[60] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 106.

[61] Historia sancti Florentii Salmurensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou, p. 299.

[62] Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou, p. 296 footnote 1 specifies that he was abbot from 1055 to 1070.

[63] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[64] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 565.

[65] La Borderie (1888), VIII, p. 17.

[66] Chronica sancti Sergii Andegavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou, p. 139.

[67] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 557.

[68] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 559.

[69] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 105.

[70] Chronicon Kemperlegiense, Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum, Liber I, Collectio Veterum, p. 522.

[71] Flandria Generosa 25, MGH SS IX, p. 323.

[72] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 565.

[73] Redon CCCXXXIII, p. 283.

[74] Flandria Generosa 25, MGH SS IX, p. 323.

[75] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Eglise cathédrale de Chartres, Nécrologe du xi siècle, p. 10.

[76] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 104.

[77] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 566.

[78] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, LXXV, p. 222.

[79] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 566.

[80] Redon CCCXXXIII, p. 283.

[81] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, LXXV, p. 222.

[82] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 383.

[83] La Borderie (1888), XXV, p. 58.

[84] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 559.

[85] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[86] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, Chronicon Universum, p. 105.

[87] Ex Chronico Ruyensis Cœnobii, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 563.

[88] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 383.

[89] Redon CCCXXXIII, p. 283.

[90] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 566.

[91] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 843.

[92] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 843.

[93] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 844 (no citation references).

[94] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 844 (no citation references).

[95] Marcheguy 'La Rançon d'Olivier de Coëtivy' (1877), pp. 5-48.

[96] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 844 (no citation references).

[97] Marcheguy 'La Rançon d'Olivier de Coëtivy' (1877), pp. 5-48.

[98] Beaucourt ‘Charles VII et Agnès Sorel’ (1866), pp. 218-9.

[99] Vallet de Viriville ‘Agnès Sorel (Deuxième article)’ (1850), p. 481.

[100] Delort (1824), p. 57.

[101] Vallet de Viriville ‘Agnès Sorel (Deuxième article)’ (1850), p. 480.

[102] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 846.

[103] Michaud & Poujoulat (1838), Tome V, Journal de Louise de Savoye, p. 89.

[104] Père Anselme, Tome I, p. 210.

[105] Chartrier de Pons (1892), CLXXXIII, p. 317.

[106] Chartrier de Pons (1892), CXCVI, CXCIX, pp. 369, 371.

[107] Chartrier de Pons (1892), CC, p. 374.

[108] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 729, Tome VII, p. 846, and Tome VIII, p. 99.

[109] Père Anselme, Tome VII, p. 844 (no citation references).

[110] Landevenec (Borderie), 46, p. 168.

[111] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, III, p. 137.

[112] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, IX, p. 148.

[113] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XLVI, p. 182.

[114] Landévennec Necrology.

[115] Landévennec Necrology.

[116] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[117] Landévennec Necrology.

[118] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[119] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[120] Morbihan 165, p. 134.

[121] La Borderie (1888), XXVIII, p. 62.

[122] Morbihan 165, p. 134.

[123] Morbihan 165, p. 134.

[124] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, CXI, p. 268.

[125] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIII, p. 248.

[126] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIV, p. 249.

[127] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIV, p. 249.

[128] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIII, p. 248.

[129] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIV, p. 249.

[130] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIII, p. 248.

[131] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCIV, p. 249.

[132] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCVI, p. 250.

[133] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCVI, p. 250.

[134] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCVI, p. 250.

[135] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, XCVI, p. 250.

[136] Longnon (1885), pp. 104-5.

[137] Chaillou, L. ‘The House of Léon: Genealogy and Origins’, Foundations, Vol. 11 (2019), pp. 19-48, and Chaillou, L. ‘The House of Léon: Genealogy and Origins: Corrigenda et Agenda’, Foundations, Vol. 12 (2020), pp. 126-33.

[138] Redon CCXLVII, p. 198.

[139] Borderie, Tome II, p. 139.

[140] Redon CCCLVI, p. 307.

[141] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, II, p. 136.

[142] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, III, p. 137.

[143] Quimperlé Sainte-Trinité, IX, p. 148.

[144] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), pp. 42-3.

[145] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIII, p. 238.

[146] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIX, p. 248.

[147] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIX, p. 248.

[148] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), pp. 21 quoting Landevenec (Borderie), L, p. 170, and pp. 42-3.

[149] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 557.

[150] Le Baud (1638), p. 171.

[151] Baudry (RHC), Tome IV, p. 35.

[152] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), pp. 23-4, 47.

[153] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 127.

[154] CP XII/2, pp. 727-8.

[155] Gesta Stephani Regis I, p. 74.

[156] CP XII/2, pp. 727-8.

[157] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 621.

[158] Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 14.

[159] Guillelmi Armorici Historia, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 561.

[160] Morbihan 227, p. 183.

[161] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[162] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 9.

[163] Deuffic, J. L. ‘Les documents nécrologiques de l’abbaye Notre-Dame de Daoulas’, Bulletin de la Société archéologique du Finistère, Vol. 107 (1979), p. 110 [Google Books, Snippet view only].

[164] Gesta Stephani Regis I, p. 74.

[165] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 127.

[166] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 127.

[167] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 621.

[168] Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 14.

[169] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 621.

[170] Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 14.

[171] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[172] Tresvaux (1839), p. 197.

[173] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 25.

[174] Historiæ Anglicanæ Scriptores X (1652), Radulphus de Diceto, Ymagines Historiarum, col. 557.

[175] Morbihan 227, p. 183.

[176] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 127.

[177] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[178] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[179] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[180] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[181] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 127.

[182] Guillelmi Armorici Historia, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 561.

[183] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 9.

[184] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[185] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 669.

[186] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 81.

[187] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 136.

[188] Landévennec Necrology.

[189] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 669.

[190] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 669.

[191] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 354.

[192] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 25.

[193] Historiæ Anglicanæ Scriptores X (1652), Radulphus de Diceto, Ymagines Historiarum, col. 557.

[194] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 81.

[195] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 136.

[196] Saint-Sulpice-la-Forêt, LXXII, p. 380.

[197] RHGF, Tome XXIII, Scripta de Feodem ad Regem spectantibus, 355, p. 684.

[198] Rotuli Litterarum Patentium, 17 John, p. 170.

[199] Saint-Sulpice-la-Forêt, LXXII, p. 380.

[200] Rotuli Litterarum Patentium, 17 John, p. 170.

[201] Deuffic ‘Daoulas’ (1979), p. 110.

[202] Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1825), Chant huitième, pp. 228-9, and Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1885), Liber VIII, 398-404, p. 225.

[203] Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1825), Chant douzième, pp. 365, and Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1885), Liber XII, 370-1, p. 362.

[204] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 853.

[205] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888, and La Borderie (1902), IV (172), 22, p. 27.

[206] Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1825), Chant douzième, pp. 365, and Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1885), Liber XII, 370-1, p. 362.

[207] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 853.

[208] La Borderie (1902), p. 15, footnote 7.

[209] La Borderie (1902), III (171), 22, 27, pp. 9, 14-15.

[210] Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1885), Liber III, 224, p. 74.

[211] Roger of Hoveden, Tome 3, p. 89.

[212] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1167, p. 367.

[213] Couffon, R. & Merlet, F. ‘Recherches sur les origines de la vicomté de Pléhédel’, Société d’émulation des Côtes-d’Armor, Vol. 64 (1932), pp. 84-90, information provided by Léa Chaillou in an email dated 11 Jul 2018.

[214] Le Baud (1638), Les Chroniques de Vitré, p. 30.

[215] Le Baud (1638), Les Chroniques de Vitré, p. 37.

[216] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2136, p. 209.

[217] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 863.

[218] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 911.

[219] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 111.

[220] La Borderie (1888), CXLVII, p. 243.

[221] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 983.

[222] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 994.

[223] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 994.

[224] La Borderie (1888), CXLVIII, p. 244.

[225] La Borderie (suite) (1889), CLVII, p. 234.

[226] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1058.

[227] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1206.

[228] La Borderie (1888), CLXIII, p. 272.

[229] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), p. 31, citing Bourgès, A.-Y. & Kemévez, P. ‘Généalogie des vicomtes de Léon’, Bulletin de la Société Archéologique de Finistère, 136 (2007), pp. 157-88.

[230] La Borderie (suite) (1889), CLVII, p. 234.

[231] La Borderie (1888), CLVIII, p. 263.

[232] Argentré (1588), p. 391.

[233] Guillaume le Breton, Philippide (1885), Liber III, 224, p. 74.

[234] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 669.

[235] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 81.

[236] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 696.

[237] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 129.

[238] RHGF, Tome XXIII, Scripta de Feodem ad Regem spectantibus, 355, p. 684.

[239] Landévennec Necrology.

[240] Ex Chronico Gaufredi Vosiensis, 72, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 449.

[241] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 331.

[242] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 807.

[243] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[244] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 331.

[245] Landévennec Necrology.

[246] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), p. 33.

[247] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[248] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 995.

[249] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 853.

[250] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 111.

[251] Merlet ‘Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais’ (1865), p. 469.

[252] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 983.

[253] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 995.

[254] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1059.

[255] Merlet ‘Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais’ (1865), p. 470.

[256] Douët d’Arcq Sceaux, Vol. I, 2592, p. 638.

[257] Merlet ‘Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais’ (1865), p. 470.

[258] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1120.

[259] Morbihan 507, p. 425.

[260] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 128.

[261] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 807.

[262] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 807.

[263] Deuffic ‘Daoulas’, (1979), p. 105.

[264] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 995.

[265] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 995.

[266] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1050.

[267] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 807.

[268] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 983.

[269] Gesta Philippi Augusti, RHGF, Tome XVII, p. 113.

[270] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1120.

[271] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1086.

[272] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1241.

[273] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1232.

[274] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1120.

[275] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 113.

[276] Duchesne (1624), Preuves, p. 339.

[277] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1389.

[278] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 113.

[279] Rays, Vol. I, XX, p. 26.

[280] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1356.

[281] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1357.

[282] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1389.

[283] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1411.

[284] Rays, Vol. I, XX, p. 26.

[285] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1394.

[286] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1464.

[287] Duchesne (1624), Preuves, p. 346.

[288] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1500.

[289] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1467.

[290] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1500.

[291] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1561.

[292] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1467.

[293] Morice (1744) Preuves, Tome II, col. 77.

[294] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1561.

[295] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1625.

[296] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1625.

[297] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1396.

[298] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1500.

[299] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1561.

[300] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1281.

[301] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1349.

[302] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1327.

[303] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1346.

[304] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1393.

[305] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1437.

[306] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1465.

[307] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1467.

[308] Morice (1744) Preuves, Tome II, col. 181.

[309] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1120.

[310] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1174.

[311] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1357.

[312] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), pp. 39-41.

[313] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1356.

[314] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1174.

[315] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome V, p. 3.

[316] Redon CCXLVII, p. 198.

[317] Borderie, Tome II, p. 139.

[318] Borderie (1898), Tome II, p. 412, quoting Charte de Saint-Florent de Saumur, from D. Morice Preuves, I, p. 346.

[319] Landevenec (Borderie), 40, p. 164.

[320] Landevenec (Borderie), 25, p. 156.

[321] Borderie (1898), Tome II, p. 412, quoting Charte de Saint-Florent de Saumur, from D. Morice Preuves, I, p. 346.

[322] Willelmi Gemmetencis Historiæ (Duchesne, 1619), Liber IV, XVIII, p. 247.

[323] La Borderie (1888), I, p. 3.

[324] La Borderie (1888), II, p. 6.

[325] Redon CCXCVI, p. 246.

[326] Tours Saint-Julien 13, p. 20.

[327] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. III, Book V, p. 89, which says that Eudes "followed his brother Alain" without mentioning Alain's son Conan.

[328] William of Poitou Book I, c. 43.

[329] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIII, p. 238.

[330] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[331] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 557.

[332] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[333] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[334] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 565.

[335] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 300.

[336] Round (1899) 1176, p. 426.

[337] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 557.

[338] Ex Chronico Ruyensis Cœnobii, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 563.

[339] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 559.

[340] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXIII, p. 316.

[341] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. V, Book IX, pp. 55 and 59.

[342] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[343] Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ post conquestum Angliæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 568.

[344] Dugdale Monasticon III, York St Mary, I, pp. 545-6.

[345] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire I, p. 1001.

[346] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 49.

[347] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 301.

[348] Round (1899) 1176, p. 426.

[349] Barlow (1992), p. 116, quoting letters written to Gunhild by Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury (S. Anselmi Opera Omnia, ed. F. S. Schmitt (1946-52) Letters, nos 168-9).

[350] Keats-Rohan 'Domesday People Revisited' (May 2012), p. 5, citing Sharpe, R. 'King Harold’s Daughter', Haskins Society Journal 19 (2007), pp. 1-27 [not yet consulted].

[351] Bevan Corrections to K. S. B. Keats-Rohan's Domesday People, p. 357.

[352] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[353] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[354] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 300.

[355] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[356] Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ post conquestum Angliæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 568.

[357] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[358] Willelmi Gemmetencis Historiæ (Duchesne, 1619), Liber VII, XLI, p. 290.

[359] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[360] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber IV, V, p. 189.

[361] Round (1899) 1176, p. 426.

[362] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 301.

[363] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 221.

[364] Early Yorkshire Charters, ed. C. T. Clay, IV, The House of Richmond (1935), 7.

[365] Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ post conquestum Angliæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 568.

[366] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[367] Round (1899) 1176, p. 426.

[368] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 301.

[369] Dugdale Monasticon III, York St Mary, V, p. 548.

[370] Barlow (2002), p. 116.

[371] Du Paz (1619), p. 6.

[372] Lobineau (1707), Tome I, p. 98.

[373] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 118.

[374] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 988.

[375] Dugdale Monasticon III, York St Mary Abbey, XI, p. 551.

[376] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire I, p. 1001.

[377] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Swavesey Abbey, Cambridgeshire I, p. 1001.

[378] Dugdale Monasticon, Vol. V, Joreval Abbey, Yorkshire, I, Historia Fundationis, p. 568.

[379] Dugdale Monasticon, Vol. V, Joreval Abbey, Yorkshire, II, p. 568.

[380] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 871.

[381] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 988.

[382] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 988.

[383] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 301.

[384] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 118.

[385] Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ post conquestum Angliæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 568.

[386] Angers Saint-Aubin, Tome II, DCLXXVII, p. 171.

[387] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[388] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[389] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 358.

[390] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[391] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[392] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 116.

[393] Gesta Stephani Regis I, p. 81.

[394] CP XII/2, pp. 727-8.

[395] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[396] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 182.

[397] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 586.

[398] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[399] La Borderie (1888), XLIV, p. 93.

[400] Du Paz (1619), p. 7.

[401] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 586.

[402] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[403] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 670.

[404] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, VIII, p. 39.

[405] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[406] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[407] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[408] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[409] Genealogia Comitum Richemundiæ post conquestum Angliæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 568.

[410] Round (1899) 805, p. 291.

[411] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 236.

[412] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[413] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[414] Ex Chronico Ruyensis Cœnobii, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 564.

[415] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[416] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[417] Ex Chronico Kemperlegiensis, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 562.

[418] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 560.

[419] Chronica sancti Sergii Andegavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou, p. 150.

[420] Rennes Saint-Georges, XX, p. 249.

[421] Ex Chronico Gaufredi Vosiensis, 72, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 449.

[422] Morbihan 235, p. 191.

[423] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 663.

[424] Stenton (Danelaw, 1920), Kirkstead, 162, p. 109.

[425] Domesday Descendants (2002), pp. 236 and 987, the author suggesting that the place may have been Browston, Suffolk.

[426] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[427] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[428] Round (1899) 805, p. 291.

[429] Dugdale Monasticon V, Vaudey Abbey, Lincolnshire IV, Descensus de Gant, p. 490.

[430] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Bridlington Priory, Yorkshire, IX, p. 287.

[431] Testa de Nevill, Part II, p. 1044.

[432] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 729.

[433] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 606.

[434] Round (1899), 848, p. 305.

[435] Actes Henri II, Tome II, DCLXXIX, p. 298.

[436] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 244.

[437] Henri died in 1190, according to ES III 155.

[438] Dugdale Monasticon III, Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk, III, p. 612.

[439] Round (1899) 805, p. 291.

[440] Vendôme La Trinité, Tome II, DXLV, p. 394.

[441] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, II, p. 358.

[442] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 610.

[443] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, V, p. 359.

[444] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 611.

[445] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 222.

[446] Ex Fragmentis Chronicorum Comitum Pictaviæ, Ducum Aquitaniæ, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 409.

[447] Vendôme La Trinité, Tome II, CCCCLXXXVI, p. 301.

[448] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 610.

[449] Ex Chronico Ruyensis Cœnobii, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 332.

[450] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 611.

[451] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, V, p. 359.

[452] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 8.

[453] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 843.

[454] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 222.

[455] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 45.

[456] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888.

[457] La Borderie (1888), LXXIX, p. 151.

[458] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, XIX, p. 231.

[459] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 331.

[460] Ex Chronico Savigniacensis Monasterii, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 351.

[461] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 8.

[462] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 843.

[463] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 45.

[464] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 226.

[465] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 331.

[466] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2308, p. 270.

[467] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 227.

[468] La Borderie (1888), LXXIX, p. 151.

[469] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, XIX, p. 231.

[470] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LI, p. 73.

[471] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXVI, p. 80.

[472] Morbihan 260, p. 212.

[473] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2135, p. 208.

[474] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XL, p. 377.

[475] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 222.

[476] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 812.

[477] La Borderie (1888), LXXIX, p. 151.

[478] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1185, MGH SS XXIII, p. 859.

[479] Morbihan 260, p. 212.

[480] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2253, p. 255.

[481] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CXVII, p. 89.

[482] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CXXXIII, p. 97.

[483] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 221.

[484] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2135, p. 208.

[485] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2135, p. 208.

[486] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CXVII, p. 89.

[487] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1063.

[488] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 222.

[489] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, XIX, p. 231.

[490] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LI, p. 73.

[491] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CVIII, p. 97.

[492] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, V, p. 359.

[493] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 8.

[494] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 45.

[495] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome V, p. 9.

[496] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, V, p. 359.

[497] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 8.

[498] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 45.

[499] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XVI, p. 57.

[500] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 222.

[501] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 843.

[502] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XVI, p. 57.

[503] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XLI, p. 70.

[504] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CLII, p. 115.

[505] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 224.

[506] Père Anselme, Tome VI, p. 202, citing Lobineau, p. 261.

[507] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 888, and La Borderie (1902), IV (172), 22, p. 27.

[508] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LI, p. 73.

[509] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXI, p. 78.

[510] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 226.

[511] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 115.

[512] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[513] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 140.

[514] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[515] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 140.

[516] Brassart (Lalaing) (1854), p. 7.

[517] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 140.

[518] Brassart (Lalaing) (1854), p. 7.

[519] Delvaux (2022) Cahiers de Saint-Louis, no. 31, pp. 30-3, 38-9, 49, 66-9. Information sent to Medieval Lands by Thierry Le Hête 11 Jan 2023.

[520] Le Carpentier (1664), Vol. III, pp. 620-1.

[521] Delvaux (2022), pp. 38-9, 49.

[522] Carnel, D, ‘Notice sur un tableau tryptique…de l’église collégiale de Saint-Pierre à Lille’, Bulletin de la Commission historique du département du Nord, Tome VI (Lille, 1862), pp. 91-100.

[523] Père Anselme, Tome IV, p. 470.

[524] <https://www.guyenne.fr/ArchivesPerigord/Pau/E643/E643_Contrat.htm> (15 Sep 2022), link sent 31 Aug 2022 by Alexandre Mazin, possible descendant of the couple.

[525] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 140.

[526] Nadaud & Lecler (1878), Tome III, p. 107. [information provided by Claude-Henri Piraud in a private email to the author dated 5 Jul 2011]

[527] BnF, Doat 245, f° 183 et 185. [information provided by Claude-Henri Piraud in a private email to the author dated 5 Jul 2011]

[528] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 414.

[529] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 414.

[530] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 142.

[531] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 142.

[532] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 142.

[533] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 142.

[534] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[535] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 140.

[536] Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 654.

[537] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 145.

[538] Dubois ‘Inventaire des titres de la maison d’Albret’ (1913), p. 20.

[539] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 145.

[540] Dubois ‘Inventaire des titres de la maison d’Albret’ (1913), p. 21.

[541] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 146.

[542] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 148.

[543] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[544] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[545] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 136.

[546] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 132.

[547] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 133.

[548] Delachenal (1910), Tome I, p. 33.

[549] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1534.

[550] Du Chesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[551] Père Anselme, Tome I, p. 253 (no citation reference).

[552] State Archives, volume 104, page 87, fascicule 16.

[553] State Archives, volume 102, 119, 1.

[554] Monumenta Aquensia, Pars II, Historiam Aquensem,Monferratensem ac Pedemontanam, col. 177.

[555] Monumenta Aquensia, Pars II, Historiam Aquensem,Monferratensem ac Pedemontanam, col. 177.

[556] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 575.

[557] Fierville, C. (1881) Documents inédits sur Philippe de Commynes (Paris), p. 120.

[558] Rennes Saint-Georges, XVII, p. 244.

[559] Rennes Saint-Georges, XVII, p. 244.

[560] Rennes Saint-Georges, XVII, p. 244.

[561] Geoffrey Richard Driscoll Tobin in a private email to the author dated 21 Aug 2015.

[562] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIII, p. 238.

[563] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIII, p. 238.

[564] Rennes Saint-Georges, XIX, p. 248.

[565] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 300.

[566] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VII, p. 50.

[567] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XVIII, p. 59.

[568] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LIV, p. 75.

[569] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LVI, p. 76.

[570] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXXXVIII, p. 109.

[571] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CL, p. 114.

[572] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LI, p. 73.

[573] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXI, p. 78.

[574] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXXIII, p. 83.

[575] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXXXIX, p. 91.

[576] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, C, p. 95.

[577] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXXXIV, p. 108.

[578] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXXXIX, p. 91.

[579] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, C, p. 95.

[580] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXXXV, p. 108.

[581] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CCXIII, p. 139.

[582] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXXXV, p. 108.

[583] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, LXXXIX, p. 91.

[584] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, C, p. 95.

[585] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, C, p. 95.

[586] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXLVIII, p. 113.

[587] La Borderie (1888), CLXIII, p. 272.

[588] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XX, p. 288.

[589] La Borderie (1888), CLXIII, p. 272.

[590] Chaillou ‘Léon’ (2019), p. 31, citing Bourgès, A.-Y. & Kemévez, P. ‘Généalogie des vicomtes de Léon’, Bulletin de la Société Archéologique de Finistère, 136 (2007), pp. 157-88.

[591] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVII, p. 53.

[592] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[593] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XXXVII, p. 326.

[594] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CLII, p. 104.

[595] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CLII, p. 104.

[596] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CCLXXV, p. 159.

[597] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CLII, p. 104.

[598] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CLXXV, p. 116.

[599] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[600] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CLII, p. 104.

[601] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVII, p. 53.

[602] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[603] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XXXVII, p. 326.

[604] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[605] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[606] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[607] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[608] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XXXVII, p. 326.

[609] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[610] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CCLXXV, p. 159.

[611] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, CCXCIX, p. 170.

[612] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XXXVII, p. 326.

[613] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CCLXXV, p. 159.

[614] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XXXVIII, p. 54.

[615] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CCLXXV, p. 159.

[616] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CCLXXV, p. 159.

[617] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 379-425.

[618] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes, Tome II, 2135, p. 208.

[619] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CXVII, p. 89.

[620] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 227.

[621] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 991.

[622] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1025.

[623] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XL, p. 377.

[624] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1063.

[625] Cartulaire du Mans, n^o. 805, pp. 185-6.

[626] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 112.

[627] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 223.

[628] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 112.

[629] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome III, p. 325.

[630] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome III, p. 326.

[631] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 137.

[632] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1394.

[633] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 112.

[634] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 226.

[635] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1394.

[636] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1464.

[637] Duchesne (1624), Preuves, p. 346.

[638] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1500.

[639] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1464.

[640] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1492.

[641] Duchesne (1631) Dreux, Dreux, Preuves, p. 302.

[642] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 224.

[643] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 224.

[644] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59.

[645] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59.

[646] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 1082.

[647] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59.

[648] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Abbaye de Maubuisson, p. 656.

[649] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59.

[650] Inventaire-Sommaire des Archives départementales, Loire-Inférieure, Tome 3 (Nantes, 1879), E 218, p. 93.

[651] Delisle & Passy (1864), Tome II, p. 8.

[652] Polonovski ‘Noble lignée Hambie-Painel’ (Oct-Dec 1994).

[653] La Roque (1662), Tome III, p. 377.

[654] I am grateful to Jean Bunot for drawing my attention to this question by email dated 8 Jan 2021.

[655] Maubuisson (Dutilleux & Depoin) (1882), p. 130.

[656] Maubuisson (Dutilleux & Depoin) (1882), pp. 109, 129-30.

[657] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 58, citing Lobineau, Tome II, Preuves, col. 407.

[658] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, Nécrologe de Beauport, p. 227.

[659] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59, citing “Du Paz” (no precise citation reference).

[660] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome III, pp. 326-9.

[661] Père Anselme, Tome III, p. 59.

[662] La Roque, Tome I, p. 95.

[663] Père Anselme, Tome I, pp. 469-72.

[664] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[665] La Borderie (1888), III, p. 10.

[666] La Borderie (1888), V, p. 13.

[667] La Borderie (1888), III, p. 10.

[668] La Borderie (1888), V, p. 13.

[669] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 133.

[670] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[671] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[672] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[673] Tours Saint-Julien, 13, p. 20.

[674] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 401.

[675] Abbayette Saint-Michel 5, p. 15.

[676] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 492.

[677] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 492.

[678] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 486.

[679] Borderie ‘Origines paroissiales Ille-et-Vilaine’ (1871), p. 408, quoting Arch. dép. de Maine-et-Loire, Livre Blanc de Saint-Florent de Saumur, fol. 78 v.

[680] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 486.

[681] Borderie ‘Origines paroissiales Ille-et-Vilaine’, p. 408, quoting Arch. dép. de Maine-et-Loire, Livre Blanc de Saint-Florent de Saumur, fol. 78 v.

[682] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 486.

[683] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 492.

[684] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 486.

[685] Borderie ‘Origines paroissiales Ille-et-Vilaine’, p. 408, quoting Arch. dép. de Maine-et-Loire, Livre Blanc de Saint-Florent de Saumur, fol. 78 v.

[686] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 401.

[687] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 133.

[688] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[689] Saint-Pern, II, p. 11.

[690] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 133.

[691] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 138.

[692] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[693] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VII, p. 394.

[694] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VIII, p. 395.

[695] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[696] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VII, p. 394.

[697] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 138.

[698] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[699] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[700] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VII, p. 394.

[701] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 138.

[702] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[703] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 434.

[704] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[705] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[706] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, VI, p. 280.

[707] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[708] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hertland Abbey, Devonshire, I, p. 436.

[709] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hertland Abbey, Devonshire, II, p. 436.

[710] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, VI, p. 224.

[711] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[712] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[713] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[714] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 691.

[715] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, XXIII, p. 409.

[716] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864), Tome III, XII, p. 41.

[717] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hertland Abbey, Devonshire, II, p. 436.

[718] RHGF, Tome XXIII, Scripta de Feodem ad Regem spectantibus, 355, p. 684.

[719] Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus, 6 John, p. 221.

[720] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XVIII, p. 330.

[721] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Hertland Abbey, Devonshire, II, p. 436.

[722] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 138.

[723] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome V, pp. 325-6.

[724] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Dorsetshire, p. 16, Cambridgeshire, p. 46, Huntingdonshire, pp. 48-9.

[725] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, VI, p. 224.

[726] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, X, p. 125.

[727] Pipe Roll 3 Hen II (1156), Berkshire, p. 80.

[728] Ex Chronico Britannico, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 558.

[729] Ex Chronico Britannico Altero, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 560.

[730] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, I, p. 222.

[731] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, XIII, p. 126.

[732] Dom Morice Preuves I, p. 664, quoted in Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 46 footnote 5.

[733] Stenton (Danelaw, 1920), Kirkstead, 162, p. 109.

[734] Pipe Roll 4 Hen II (1157), Berkshire, p. 123.

[735] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, XIX, p. 131.

[736] La Borderie (1888), LVIII, p. 117.

[737] Pipe Roll 23 Hen II (1176/77), Berkshire, p. 47.

[738] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, XXVI, p. 142.

[739] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 46.

[740] "Sauvigny 323" (not in the cartulary of Sauvigny consulted by the author), quoted in Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 46 footnote 4.

[741] Broussillon, B. de (1895) La maison de Laval (Paris), Tome I, 152, p. 112.

[742] Rotuli Litterarum Patentium, 4 John, p. 20.

[743] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, I, p. 331.

[744] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[745] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[746] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome V, p. 322.

[747] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, III, p. 390.

[748] Pipe Roll 3 Hen II (1156) and 4 Hen II (1157), Berkshire, pp. 80 and 123.

[749] Gloucester St Peter, Vol, I, Historia monasterii sancti Petri Gloucestriæ, p. 95.

[750] Bannister (1902), 41, p. 54.

[751] Ancient Charters (Round), Part I, 21, p. 35.

[752] Ancient Charters (Round), Part I, 22, p. 38.

[753] Coplestone-Crow ‘Payn FitzJohn and Ludlow Castle’ (1995), pp. 181, 183, footnote 98, which cites the charters “fo. 52 no. 198” and “fo. 51v no 192” without a citation reference to the cartulary.

[754] Gloucester St Peter, Vol. I, Historia monasterii sancti Petri Gloucestriæ, p. 95.

[755] Curiæ Regis Rolls, Vol. I, 6 Ric I, pp. 35 and 37.

[756] Pipe Roll 6 Ric I (1194/95), Wiltshire, p. 200.

[757] Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus, 6 John, p. 221.

[758] Gloucester St Peter, Vol. I, Historia monasterii sancti Petri Gloucestriæ, p. 95.

[759] Curiæ Regis Rolls, Vol. I, 6 Ric I, pp. 35 and 37.

[760] Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus, 6 John, p. 221.

[761] Gloucester St Peter, Vol. I, Historia monasterii sancti Petri Gloucestriæ, p. 95.

[762] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, X, p. 125.

[763] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXLVIII, p. 113.

[764] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome IV, CXLVIII, p. 113.

[765] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, Chronicon Britanicum, col. 112.

[766] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, CLXX, p. 211.

[767] La Borderie (1888), CLVIII, p. 263.

[768] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, CLXX, p. 211.

[769] Villevieille, Trésor généalogique, Vol. XXXV, Desp.-Dyon., 24/103 (in the downloaded digitised copy), consulted at <https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90643200?rk=343349;2> 5 Nov 2021, link sent by Philippe Couka by email 1 Nov 2021.

[770] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[771] Lachaud (2012), p. 788.

[772] Père Anselme, Tome VIII, p. 579.

[773] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[774] Duchesne (1621) Châtillon, Preuves, p. 138.

[775] Père Anselme, Tome V, p. 134.

[776] Père Anselme, Tome IV, p. 57.

[777] Dom Morice Preuves I, p. 664, quoted in Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 46 footnote 5.

[778] Broussillon (1895), Tome I, 165, p. 120.

[779] Broussillon (1895), Tome I, 191, p. 125.

[780] Annales Cestrienses, p. 46.

[781] Rotuli Chartarum, 5 John, p. 104.

[782] Annales de Burton, p. 305.

[783] Guyard de la Fosse (1850), Preuves, XVIII.

[784] Calvados (Anisy), Vol. I, Fontenay-le-Pesnel, 1, p. 354.

[785] Craon Bonshommes, IX, p. 13.

[786] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 820.

[787] Craon Bonshommes, Obituaire, p. 107.

[788] Geslin de Bourgogne (1879) Tome VI, Chartes et pieces justificatives, LXXIII, p. 164.

[789] Morbihan 260, p. 212.

[790] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, XCVIII, p. 81.

[791] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CVII, p. 85.

[792] Geslin de Bourgogne (1864) Tome III, CXXXIII, p. 97.

[793] CP X 368.

[794] Lobineau (1707), Tome II, col. 133.

[795] Redon CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[796] Tours Saint-Julien, 13, p. 20.

[797] Saint-Pern, II, p. 11.

[798] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[799] Broussillon (1895), Tome I, 28, p. 39.

[800] Abbayette Saint-Michel, 5, p. 15.

[801] Dion ‘Le Puiset aux XIe et XIIe siècles’ (1889), p. 12, citing Souchet Histoire de Chartres (no page reference).

[802] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[803] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[804] Abbayette Saint-Michel 5, p. 15.

[805] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 9, p. 673.

[806] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 10, p. 674.

[807] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 9, p. 673.

[808] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 10, p. 674.

[809] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[810] Abbayette Saint-Michel 5, p. 15.

[811] Tresvaux (1839), p. 266.

[812] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[813] Abbayette Saint-Michel 7, p. 17.

[814] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[815] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 428.

[816] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 9, p. 673.

[817] Saint-Florent Saumur (Chartes normandes), 10, p. 674.

[818] Abbayette Saint-Michel 5, p. 15.

[819] Tresvaux (1839), pp. 269-70.

[820] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 486.

[821] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 586.

[822] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 586.

[823] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 691.

[824] RHGF, Tome XXIII, Scripta de Feodem ad Regem spectantibus, 355, p. 684.

[825] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 825.

[826] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 826.

[827] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 864.

[828] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 884.

[829] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 691.

[830] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Devonshire, p. 155.

[831] Domesday Descendants, p. 263, citing Barraclough Charters of the Anglo-Norman Earls of Chester, no. 10.

[832] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 586.

[833] Fox ‘The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts’ (Jan 2009), pp. 61-76.

[834] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 123.

[835] Fox ‘The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts’, pp. 72-3.

[836] Redon, CCLXXXIX, p. 237.

[837] Saint-Pern, II, p. 11.

[838] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 492.

[839] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 122.

[840] Fox ‘The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts’, p. 72, citing Archives départementales de Maine-et-Loir, fol. 88v.

[841] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 122.

[842] Saint-Pern, II, p. 11.

[843] Fox ‘The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts’, p. 67.

[844] Abbayette Saint-Michel 5, p. 15.

[845] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 492.

[846] Rennes Saint-Georges, XXII, p. 251.

[847] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 122.

[848] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. V, Book IX, p. 59, the editor in footnote 2 stating, incorrectly it would seem, that he was the great nephew rather than nephew of Hugh Earl of Chester.

[849] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Cathedral Priory of Norwich, Norfolk, III, p. 15.

[850] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Cathedral Priory of Norwich, Norfolk, IV, p. 17.

[851] Dugdale Monasticon III, Shrewsbury Abbey, Shropshire, II, p. 519.

[852] Norwich Cathedral, I, 17, p. 11, and Dugdale Monasticon IV, Cathedral Priory of Norwich, Norfolk, VI, p. 17.

[853] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 121.

[854] Dugdale Monasticon V, Castle Acre Priory, Norfolk, IX, p. 51.

[855] Round (1899) 1149, p. 414.

[856] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 123

[857] Burton (1884), p. 33.

[858] Dugdale Monasticon V, Castle Acre Priory, Norfolk, IX, p. 51.

[859] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, pp. 222 and 233.

[860] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 221, citing Dugdale’s Warwickshire (Thomas’s edition), Vol. I, p. 33, and Dugdale’s MSS. in Bibl. Ashmol., 13 G I, fo. 529.

[861] Norwich Cathedral, I, 12, p. 8.

[862] Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 515.

[863] Gloucester St Peter, Vol. II, CCCCXCIV, p. 45.

[864] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 292, quoting Harl. MS., 2188, fo. 123, collated from the Sundorn Chartulary.

[865] Round (1899) 1136, p. 408.

[866] Dugdale Monasticon III, Shrewsbury Abbey, XVI, p. 523.

[867] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 222, citing Haughmond Chartulary, fo. 166.

[868] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, pp. 7 and 11-2.

[869] Round (1899) 1220, p. 440.

[870] Round (1899) 1220, p. 440.

[871] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 126, quoting the original charter stated to be at Magdalen College.

[872] Round (1899) 1220, p. 440.

[873] Round (1899) 1220, p. 440.

[874] Round (1899) 1221, p. 441.

[875] Tiron Sainte-Trinité, Tome II, CCCXVII, p. 90.

[876] Round (1899) 1221, p. 441.

[877] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 127, quoting Lobineau Histoire de Bretagne II, 310.

[878] Round (1899) 1221, p. 441.

[879] Morice (1742) Preuves, Tome I, col. 864.

[880] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 127, quoting Lobineau Histoire de Bretagne II, 310.

[881] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 129, quoting Gaignères Transcript of Cartulary, MS lat. 5211 C.

[882] Round (1901), The Origin of the Stewarts, p. 129, quoting MS lat. 5476, fo. 85.

[883] Early Scottish Charters CI, p. 80.

[884] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 224, citing Harleian MS. 2188, fo. 123.

[885] Paisley Monastery, p. 1.

[886] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 223 footnote 52, where the original citation is not given.

[887] Eyton (1858), Vol. VII, p. 221, citing Dugdale’s Warwickshire (Thomas’s edition), Vol. I, p. 33, and Dugdale’s MSS. in Bibl. Ashmol., 13 G I, fo. 529.

[888] Burton (1884), pp. 32-3.

[889] Borderie, Tome II, p. 139.

[890] Redon CVII, p. 81.

[891] Redon CCXLVII, p. 198.

[892] Redon, Appendix, LIII, p. 376.

[893] Redon CCLXXVI, p. 223.

[894] Chronique de Nantes XXVII, p. 82.

[895] Chronique de Nantes XXVII, p. 83.

[896] Chronique de Nantes XXVII, p. 82.

[897] Stenton, p. 348.

[898] Redon CCLXXVI, p. 223.